GRACE MISSION COLLEGE
Catiningan, Socorro, Oriental Mindoro
e-Mail:
[email protected] A Detailed Lesson Plan in Science-9
Date: April 2, 2024
Time: 11:00-12:00 am
CONTENT STANDARD
The learners demonstrate understanding of the unit,mole quantitatively measures the number
of very small particles of matter
PERFORMANCE STANDARD
The learners should be able to analyze the percentage composition of different brands of two
food products and decide on the products appropriate percentage composition.
LEARNING COMPETENCY
Determine the chemical formula given its percentage composition composition. (S9MT-11j-
20)
I. Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to:
A. Explain the concept of determining the chemical formula and percentage
composition of a compound.
B. Value the importance of determining the percentage composition of a
chemical formula in a substance.
C. Calculate the chemical formula given its percentage composition.
II. Subject Matter:
A. Topic: Determine the chemical formula given its percentage composition.
B. Reference: Grade 9 Learner’s Module.DepEd and Teacher’s Guide retrieved
from http:// depedk12mnuals.blogspot.com/2016/06/grade-9 learners-module-
and-teachers.html and Academic Website
C. Instructional Materials: power point presentation, visual aids,
monitor,calculator,marker and calculator.
III. Teaching-Learning Process/Procedures
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
A. Preliminary Activities
1. Prayer
2. Everybody please stand and let us pray
(The volunteer student will lead the prayer)
Can anyone lead the prayer?
3. Greetings
Good morning Ma’am
Good morning class!
4. Classroom Management
Please pick up the pieces of paper under your
chairs and arrange your seats properly.
You may now seat.
5. Checking of attendance None Ma’am
Is anyone absent today?
6. Checking of assignment
Do we have any assignment? None Ma’am
Alright since we do not have any assignment. I
have something to say before we further go on.
First, I prepared some rules for you to follow
while we are in our discussion.
RULES TO FOLLOW
1.Be on time
2.Come Prepared
3.Respect everyone
4.Participate actively
Are you with me?
Yes Ma’am
7. Review
Okay, before we start our lesson let us first have
a review of yesterday’s lesson.
What is our lesson yesterday? Our lesson yesterday is all about different
Yes Lina! substances and checking their atomic mass at
periodic table.
Very good! Thank you
B.Lesson Proper
1.Motivation
Before we proceed on our topic for today.We
will having an activity.This is called “Calculate Me.”
Here’s the formula
The formula for calculating a percentage of a
given number is:
Percentage of a number =(Percentage in
decimal form)*number
To convert a percentage to a decimal form,you divide
the percentage by 100.
For example ,to convert 25% to a decimal 25%=
25÷ 100=0.25
So,25% in decimal form is 0.25
Example:Find the 25% of 80
25% of 80= 0.25 x 80= 20
Let’s Start
1.20 % of 75 Answers:
1.20% of 75 = 15
2.10 % of 500
3.15 % of 80 2.10% of 500 = 50
4.30 % of 200 3.15% of 80 = 12
5.25 % of 100 4.30% of 200 = 60
5.25% of 100 = 25
2. Based on our activity earlier, do you have any
iabout what would be our topic today?
Our topic for today is about percentage
composition, Ma”am
It is about chemical formula given its percentage
Ok, we will see if your guesses are correct. composition.
But before we proceed, let us have first our
objectives.
Objectives
At the end of the lessons, the students should
be able to. Explain the concept of
determining the chemical formula and
percentage composition of a compound.
Value the importance of determining the
Thank you for reading the objectives will help and percentage composition of a chemical
guide us in our lesson for today. formula.Calculate the chemical formula
given its percentage composition.
3.Discussion
Empirical and Molecular Formula
An empirical formula shows the simplest formula
of compound. Empirical formula show the number of
atoms of each elements in a compound in the most
simplied form using whole numbers .It does not
indicate the actual number of atoms in the molecule or
the compound.
Example:
Empirical formula of glucose:CH2O
A molecular formula of a compound gives the
relative or exact number of atoms present in a molecule
of a compound.
Example;
Molecular Formula of Glucose:C6H12O
The teacher will group the students into 2.
Class to enhance comprehension of empirical and
molecular formulas,we will have an activity.
The group 1 will consists of all girls,and Group 2 will
comprise all boys.
This activity involves distinguishing between
molecular and empirical formulas.Each group will
received various chemical compounds to analyze and
determine whether they are molecular or empirical
formulas.The girls will identify the molecular formulas
and display them on manila paper,while the boys will
identify the empirical formulas and showcase them on
the manila paper. The student go to their group.
Each group will perform the task assign to them
Molecular Formula Empirical formula
1.CO2 1.CO2
Empirical and Molecular Formula of a compound 2.C2H5OH 2.C2H6O
given its percentage composition.
3.C2H2 3.CH
The bacterial fermentation of grain to produce 4.C3O8 4.CH3
ethanol forms a gas with a percent composition 5.H2O2 5.HO
of 27.29%O.What is the empirical formula for
this gas?
Since the mass of a given elements in grams is
numerically equivalent to the elements percentage
it is most convenient to calculate the mass elements
present a sample weighing 100g.
27.29 gC
27.29%C=
100 g compound
72.71 %gC
72.71% O =
100 g compound
Divide each element’s mass by molar mass
mol C
27.29%C x ( ) = 2.272 mol C
16.00 g
mol O
72.71% O x ( )=4.544mol O
16.00 g
Divide each molar amount by the smaller
calculated molar amount:
2.272 g C
=1
2.272
4.544 g O
=2
2.272
The resulting ratio is one carbon to two oxygen
atoms,thus the empirical formula is CO2.
Sample Problem:
Chemical analyses show that a complex
carbohydrate contains 40.0% C,6.71% H, and
53.3% O by mass.Determine the empirical and
molecular formulas of as carbohydrate if its
molar mass is 870g/mol.
Answer;
Step 1:Express mass percentage of each
element as grams.That is,
40.0% C =40.0 g C
6.71% H =6.71 g H
53.3% O =53.3 g O
Step 2:Find the number of moles of each
element.
For C:
1 mol C
40.0 g C x =3.33 mol C
12.01 g C
For H:
1 mol H
6.71% g H x =6.66 mol H
12.01 g O
For O:
1mol O
53.3 g O x =3.33 mol O
16.00 g
Step 3: Determine the mole ratio of the
elements by dividing each number of moles by
the smallest number of moles.In this
case,oxygen or carbon has the smallest number
of moles(3.33mol).
For C:
3.33 mol
=1
3.33 mol
For H
6.66 mol
=2
3.33 mol
For O:
3.33 mol
=1
3.33 mol
The mole ratio is 1 C:2 H:1 O
Step 4:Express the mole ratio as an empirical
formula.The empirical formula of the complex
carbohydrate is CH2O.
Step5:Determine the molar mass of the
empirical formula.
C =1 x 12.01 =12.01 g/mol
H =2 x 1.008 = 2.016 g/mol
16.00 g /mol
O =1 x 16.00 =
30.03 g /mol
Step 6:Determine the factor that relates the
empirical and molecular formulas.That is,
molar mass of molecular formula
=n
molar mass of empirical formula
The given molar mass of the complex
carbohydrate, 870 g/ mol, and its molecular
mass are expressed as
870 g /mol
n= =28.97 =29
30.03 g /mol
Step 7: Multiply the subscripts of the empirical
formula by n.
(CH2O)n =(CH2O)29
=C29H2(29)O29
=C29H58O29
Therefore, the molecular formula of the complex
carbohydrate is C29H58O29.
4.Application
The student go to their group.
The teacher will group the students into 3.
(Each group will perform the task assign to them)
Class count yourself into 1 to 3. The student who
counts number 1 will be group 1. The number 2 will be
the group 2 and the last group will the group 3.
When we have a complex compound and we want to
determine its empirical formula. In this situation, we
want to determine its empirical formula., we divide the
compound into groups of three elements based on their
percentage composition. We assume we have 100
grams of the compound and convert the masses into
moles. Then, we divide the moles into the groups of
three and find the simplest whole number ratio.
Determine the empirical formula based on the number
of moles in each group.
Group 1:3.33 mol of carbon,3.33mol of hydrogen,3.33
mol of oxygen.
Group 2: 0 mol of carbon,3.28 mol of hydrogen,0 mol
of oxygen.
Group 3:0 mol of carbon,3.33 mol of hydrogen,0 mol
of oxygen.
Each group will calculate complex compound and
determine the empirical formula based on the number
of moles in each group
1. The chemical formula of a compound is
5. Generalization/Valuing
important because it provides valuable
SPIN THE WHEEL information about the composition, structure,
and properties of the compound. It helps in
The teacher generalizes the lesson by spinning the
identifying the specific compound, indicating
wheel. Are you ready class?
the elements present and their
ratios,determining stoichiometry in chemical
reactions, understanding and predicting
1. Why is chemical formula of a compound is reactions, and providing a standardized way of
important? naming compounds.Overall, the chemical
formula is crucial for studying and
communicating about compounds in the field
of chemistry.
2. First, express mass percentage of each element
as grams, Step 2,find the number of moles of
each element. Step 3,determine the mole ratio
of the elements by dividing each number of
moles by the smallest number of moles .Step
4,express the mole ratio as an empirical
formula of the complex. Step 5, determine the
2.How do you calculate empirical and molecular mass molar mass of the empirical formula. Step 6,
and percent composition? determine the factor that relates the empirical
formula. Lastly, multiply the subscripts of the
empirical formula by n.
3. The percent composition of substances is
important in our daily life for understanding
nutrition, formulating medications ,predicting
chemical reactions, ensuring manufacturing
quality, analyzing the environment, designing
materials and for academic and research
3.What is the importance of percent composition in our purposes.
daily life?
(The students answer the test given by the
teacher).
Answer:
given mass of C 44.4 g
Moles of C = = =3.7
molar mass of C 12 g /mole
moles
6. Evaluation
1-2. What is the empirical and molecular formula of given mass of H 6.21 g
Allicin, the compound responsible for the Moles of H = = = 6.21
molar mass of H 1 g /mole
characteristic and smell of garlic. An analysis of the
moles
compound gives the following percent composition by
mass: C: 44.4%; H: 6.21%; S : 39.5%(Molecular mass
=162.0 g/ mol)
given mass of S 39.5 g
Moles of S = = =1.23
mole mass of S 32 g /mole
moles
given mass of O 9.86 g
Moles of O = = =0.62
given mass of O 16 g /mole
moles
3.7
For C = =5.96 =6
0.62
6.21
For H = =10.01 =10
0.62
1.23
For S = =1.98 =2
0.62
0.62
For O = =1
0.62
The ratio of C:H:S:O:6:!0:2:1
The Empirical formula = C6H10O1
Molar mass 162 g
x= = =1
empirical formula mass 162 g
Molecular formula is C6S2OH10
3-4. Chemical analyses show that a compound 3.The empirical formula of the compound is NH2.
contains 87.5% N and 12.5% H by Mass.Determine
the empirical and molecular formula of the compound
if its molar mass is 32.0g/mol.
4. The molar mass of the empirical formula NH2 is
5. A compound contains 64.80% C, 13.62% H and 16.0g/ mol.The number that relates the empirical
21.58g O. Find the empirical formula of the compound. and molecular formula is
32.00 g /mol
=2
16.0 g /mol
The molecular formula of the compound,
therefore, is N2H4.
The empirical formula of this compound is C4 H10
O1.
. 6.A
6. A compound contains 60% carbon, 10% hydrogen,
and 30% oxygen. What is the chemical formula of this
compound?
A.CH2O
B.C2H4O
C.C3H6O2
D.C4H8O2
7.A
7.Which of the following is the correct chemical
formula for a compound with 40% carbon, 6.7%
hydrogen, and 53.3% oxygen?
A.CH2O
B.C2H4O2
C.C3H6O3
D.C4H8O4
8.C
8. A compound is composed of 25% nitrogen, 28%
oxygen, and 47% sulfur.What is the chemical formula
of this compound.
A. N2O3S
B. N2O4S
C .NOS
D. N2O6S
9. The number of atoms of each element in a compound 9.B
in .the most simplied form using whole numbers.
A.Molecular formula
B.Empirical formula
C.Percentage Composition
D.Molar mass
10.A
10. Relative or exact number of atoms and the type of
atoms present in a molecule of a compound;always an
interger multiple of the empirical formula.
A.Molecular formula
B.Percentage Composition
C.Molar mass
D.Empirical formula
7. Assignment
.1Calculate the molecular formula of a compound
with the empirical formula BH3 and its molar mass is
27.7g.
2.Calculate the empirical formula and molecular
formula of a compound contains 24.27% H and 71.65%
Cl.Its molar mass is 98.96% g.
Prepared by: Checked and Verified by:
____________________ _____________________________.
Student Teacher Cooperative Teacher
Approved by:
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Basic-ed Academic Coordinator
