Herbalism Terms
● Menstruum/Solvent - In herbalism, "menstruum" or “solvent: is the liquid that is used to
extract the medicinal properties from plants. A solvent can be alcohol, vinegar, or other liquids
like glycerin.
● Solubility: solubility refers to a solvent’s ability to extract the plant's constituents in liquid form.
Some plants are more water-soluble, while others are more alcohol-soluble.
● Infusions - An infusion is the process of steeping a plant in hot water. Infusions are made
using the delicate parts of plants like leaves, flowers, and berries.
● Decoctions - A decoction is the process of boiling a plant in hot water. Decoctions are made
using the tougher parts of plants like roots, and barks.
● Oxymels - An oxymel is an herbal preparation made by soaking herbs in both vinegar and
honey for a prolonged period of time. Oxymels are traditionally made to support sore throats
and respiratory infections, however, oxymels can be an amazing alternative herbal preparations
for children and those who are sensitive to alcohol.
● Tinctures - A tincture is an herbal preparation made by soaking herbs in alcohol and water for
a prolonged period of time. Tinctures are usually made with vodka, however, other alcohol like
rum and brandy can be used to create a tincture. A tincture extracts all of the healing plant
compounds into a highly concentrated liquid and allows for ease of consuming herbs
● Glycerites: Glycerites are an herbal preparation created by soaking herbs in glycerin and water
for a prolonged period. Glycerites don’t extract as many herbal constituents as alcohol does,
however, it's a lovely preparation for children and those sensitive to alcohol.
● Constituents - Plant constituents are the active compounds found within plants that
contribute to their healing effects. A few common constituents are alkaloids, tannins,
flavonoids, and terpenoids. Each plant constituent has a different effect on our body system
overall.
● Alkaloids - Alkaloids are nitrogen-containing compounds, such as caffeine, nicotine, and
morphine. Alkaloids can have a range of effects on the body, including stimulating the nervous
system, reducing pain, and affecting mood.
● Tannins - Tannins are natural compounds found in plants that have the ability to firm and
strengthen body tissues. These plant constituents work by providing a tightening and toning
effect on the tissues. Tannins can be found in black tea and raspberry leaves.
● Flavonoids - Flavonoids are plant constituents that are rich in antioxidants and help to protect
our cells from damage. They neutralize free radicals and help to maintain the integrity of our
cells. Flavonoids can be found in chamomile and elderberries.
● Terpenoids - Terpenoids are plant constituents that have antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral
properties and can also have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Terpenoids can be
found in rosemary and lavender.
It is clarified and emphasized that the content appearing on the Website of Now You Know (the “Website”), including in the
herbal medicine course (the “Course’), concerning the use of herbal medicines, does not constitute a medical opinion, medical
advice or professional opinion. The information appearing on the Website and transmitted by Brianna Cherniak, the instructor
of the Course (the “Instructor”), is provided for general informational and educational purposes only and does not constitute a
substitute for a professional opinion from a doctor and/or other professional and is not a treatment plan. Accordingly, before
taking any actions based upon such information, we encourage you to consult with the appropriate professionals. We do not
provide any kind of medical/health advice. Many herbal medicines are not recommended for people who are pregnant,
nursing, have a medical condition or take medications. Please consult your doctor prior to use if you have any concerns or
questions. Now You Know and the Instructor shall not bear any responsibility in cases of reliance on information transmitted
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