Adding equation (i) and (ii), we get

x+y+8x-y=9+0 9x=9 x=I

Putting x = 1 in (i), we get
l+y=9 y=8
Hence, required number= 10 x 1 + 8 = 18

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

Each question has 4 choices (a), (b), (c) and (d). Choose and write the correct option.
1. The lines representing the given pair of linear equations are non-intersecting. Which of the
following statements is true? [CBSE Sample Paper 2024]
I ', I I ' I
I
- ~- -, _
I I
- ' l r t
-'
• I~
r
I

,. I
I 'I
u
__ --
J/ t
I I
,
>- - '
'I .. I
'
-
l"T
I

-t-
._ - ,__ ,-. V I

'
I
-
'
-
V In
('I

~' ..__
l7 - (./.l
V
V
'-
- . - ... -~
, v' , V
)
N ,
'"'
1,
V V
\)~
-
X v1

' .
·~--=-
I/
b,L ......' 17"
Oi' /
V I - ---- - · '--·

V
/.,, I
/v I
i I I
- - '---
I

I ,r. I I
I - / / - '-i

IA '
_V / ·o - ·~ -"
i -
I "V -:~ -? -=
1/ .. f,-c-
l
- 1 '·-

j Ji' ,v - I

I //

,,,.
....n
I
V
'4 V
/ '
f-
-
"
al bl Cl al bl cl
(a) - - - - - (b) -=--1=-
a2 b2 C2 a2 b2 c2

al bl cl aI bl cI
(c) --1=-=- (d) - -:/= - -:/= -
a2 b2 c2 a2 b2

I
c2

2. If the system of equations 3x + y = 1 and (2k - 1)x + (k - I) y = 2k + I is inconsistent, then k =

[CBSE Sample Paper 2023]
(a) -1 (b) 0 (c) 1 (d) 2

3. The value of k for which the pair of equations kx = y + 2 and 6x = 2y + 3 has infinitely manY
solutions, [CBSE 2023(30/1/1)]
(a) is k = 3 (b) dose not exist (c) is k = -3 (d) is k = 4

4. The pair of equations ax + 2y = 9 and 3x + by = 18 represent parallel lines, where a, b are

integers, if [CBSE 2023(30/5/1)]
(a) a =b (b) 3a = 2b (c) 2a = 3b (d) ab= 6

5. 3 chairs and 1 table cost 900; whereas 5 chairs and 3 tables cost f 2,100. If the cost of 1 chair
is f x and the cost of I table is f y, then situation can be represented algebraically as
[CBSE 2023(30/6/l)J
(a) 3x + y = 900, 3x + 5y = 2100
(b) x + 3y = 900, 3x + 5y = 2 100
(f;) ~x + y == 900, Gx + :1y :::: 21 00
(d) x + :-ry =- 900, :,x + ~1y == 2100
 6. In the given figure, graphs of two 1inear
• equati
these linear equations is ons are shown. The pair of y
(a) consistent with unique solution. [CBSE 2024(30/1/2)]
(b) consistent with infinitely many solutions.
(c) inconsistent
(d) inconsistent but can be made consistent b .
y extending these lines. Y'
7. The
. father's
h. age is six times his son's ag u
e • .rour years hence th f
times 1s son. The present ages (in years) of th ' e age o the father will be four
e son and the father are, respectively
[NCERT Exemplar]
(a) 4 and 24 (b) 5 and 30 (c) 6 and 36 (d) 3 and 24
8. The pair of linear equations y = 0 and y =_6 has [CBSE 2020(30/4/1)]
(a) unique solution (b) no solution
(c) infinitely many solutions (d) on1y so1ut1on
• (0, 0)
9. What is the value of q if ; + 3q = 6 and 2p - 2q = 10? [CBSE Question Bank]
(a) 1 (b) 4 (c) 6 (d) 16
10. The sum of the numerator and denominator of a fraction is 12. If the denominator is increased
by 3, the fraction becomes , then the fraction is
4 5 6 8
(a) 7 (b) 7 (c) 7 (d) 7
11. If 2x - 3y = 7 and (a + b)x - (a + b - 3)y = 4a + b represent coincident lines, then a and b
satisfy the equation
(a) a + 5b = 0 (b) 5a + b = 0 (c) a - 5b = 0 (d) 5a - b = 0
12. The sum of the digits of a two-digit number is 9. If27 is subtracted from the number, its digits
are interchanged. Which of these is the product of the digits of the number?
[CBSE Questions Bank]
(a) 8 (b) 14 (c) 18 (d) 20

Select Response Type MCQs

bellr
q(r.
13. 1\vo linear equations in variables x and y are given below.
;f ..
a 1x + b.y + c=0
ar + b<JY + c = 0
·· · · · d dently sufficient to determine if a
Which of the following pieces of 1nfonnat1on 1s 1n epen
solution exists or not for this pair of linear equations?
a al b1
a a a b al 1 -J- 1 ( • ) - =fa -
(i) _ l = _! = 1 (ii) _ l == _ l (iii) a == b •. ,. . iv a2 b2
b b a2 b2 2 1
1 2 .. d (. ) (d) (i) and (iii)
(a) (iv) (b) (i) and (iv) (c) (ii) an iv
. . . . two variables and found their only point
.. 14. Harsh correctly solved a pair of bnear equations tn
of intersection as (3, -2). One of the lines was x - Y = 5 •
J}.I .-f

r
Which of the following could have been the other ine.
(i) 3x-?ry = 15 (ii) 2x-3y == 12
( •"') 2 3y - 14
in x- - .. (d) only (ii) and (iii)
(c) only (i) and (u)
(11 J , ,uly (i) (b) only (ii)
Answers
I. (b) 5. (c) 6. (a) 7. (c)
2. (d) 3. (b) 4. (d)
8. (b) 9. (a) I I. (c) 12. (c) 13. (b) 14. (b)
IO. (b)

G Solutions
- I. The graph of given pair of linear equatio •
• not 1ntersec
• ns is • (0 ~ i•s parallel ) then, the given
t1ng
system of equatio ns is inconsistent. For inconsis tent system of equatio ns
al bI cI
-=-; f=-
a2 b2 c2

:. Option (b) is correct.

2. Given equatio ns are 3x + y = I and (2k - l)x + (k - I) = 2k + I.
bl cl
= -b i= c
al
They are inconsistent, so a ·
2 2 2
3 I I
2k-I k- I i= 2k + I
Taking first two, we get
3(k - I) = I (2k - I) 3k-3= 2k-l k=2
:. Option (d) is correct.
3. Given linear equatio ns are
kx=y+ 2 kx-y-2 =0 ... (i)
and, 6x=2y +3 6x-2y -3 = 0 ... (ii)
al bl
- -6 ' - =-1 I -2 2
k CI
- -= - - -
a2 b2 -2 2 ' C2 -3 3

Here,

There is no value of k for which given linear equatio n has infinite ly many solution s .
.•. Option (b) is correct.

4. Given pair of equatio ns ax + 2y = 9 and 3x + by = 18 represe nt parallel lines.

al bI cl
-=-; f=-
a2 b2 c2

a 2
-=- ab= 6
3 b
:. Option (d) is correct.

5. Given, situatio ns can be represe nted algebraically as

3x + y = 900 and 5x + 3y = 2 I 00 (Here cost of a chair = t x and a table = t y)
:. Option (c) is correct. y

6. By observi ng the graph we can conclud e that both lines will intersec t at a
point.

S()the pair of linear equatio ns have unique solution and are consiste nt.
: <>111 ion (a) ic, correct.
 -
7. Let present age of son be x years.
Therefore, present age of father be 6x years.
After f~ur years, a~e of son = (x + 4) years and age of father = (6x + ) years.
According to questions, 4
6x + 4 = 4 (x + 4)
6x + 4 = 4x + 16
6x-4x = 16-4 = 12 2x = 12
:. Present age of son = 6 years x=6

and present age of father = 6x = 6 X 6 = 36 years.

:. Option (c) is correct.
8. Given pair of linear equations y = 0 and y = - 6 are parallel lines to the x-axis, therefore it has
no solution.
:. Option (b) is correct.
9. Given pair of equations are ; + 3q =6
p+ = 12
6q ... (i)
and 2p - 2q = 10 ... (ii)
Multiplying (ii) by 3 and adding to (i), we get
7p = 42 p=6
From (i) 6q = 12 -p q=1
: . Option (a) is correct.
IO. Let the numerator be x and denominator bey.
According to question,
X +y = 12 ... (i) and
X
- -1 ... (ii)
y+ 3 - 2
y=l2-x
Put value of y in equation (ii), we have
X I X - 1
l2-x+3 - 2 lS-x 2
2x=l5-x 3x = 15 x=5
So, y = 12 - x = 12 - 5 = 7
7•
. . 5
Hence, the fractlon 1s
:. Option (b) is correct.
l I. Given equation of lines,
... (i)
2x-3y-7 =0
... (ii)
and, (a + b)x - (a + b - 3 )y - (4a + b) = O
For both lines to be coincident
2 -3 -7
(a+b) -(a+b-3) -(4a + b)
2 3 (Considering firS t two)
a+b - a+b-3
2a + 2b - 6 = 3a + 3b 3a + 3b - 2a - 2b + 6 =0
a+b=-6 ... (iii)
a+b+6=0
2 7 (Considering laSr two)
J\g-;o ft
11 t /J -- 1(l + h
I
 8a + 2b = 7a + 7b 8a - 7a = 7b - 2b
a= 5b a-5b = 0 ... (fo)

:. Option (c) is correct.

12. Let the digits at tens and ones place be x and y respectively.
Then, number = I Ox + y
Reversed number = I Oy + x
According to the condition, 1Ox + y - 27 = 10y + x and x + Y = 9
9x - 9y = 27 and x + y = 9
x - y = 3 and x + y =. 9
Solving the two equations, we get x = 6, y = 3
:. Number is 63.
Product of the digits number= 6 X 3 = 18
:. Option (c) is correct.
13. ·: The pair of linear equations have a solution or not.
:. We have to check for unique and infinite solutions.
al bl •
For unique solution = a*
2
b
2
and for

. .
1nfin1te solutions
. al
=b =
a2
b = 1
I
1 2 T
:. Option (i) and (iv) are correct. q1
:. Option (b) is correct.
14. Given the intersection point is (3, - 2).
Onelineisx-y = 5.
For finding the other equation put x = 3 and y = - 2 in the given three option.
For option I: LHS 3x - 3y 3 X 3- 3 X (-2) = 15 = RHS
For option II: LHS 2x- 3y 2 X 3- 3 X (-2) = 12 = RHS
For option III: LHS 2x - 3y 2 X 3- 3 X (-2) = 12 ;t: RHS
So, the other equation could be I and II as LHS = RHS.
- a b1
Now we have to check for I and II options for unique solution i.e., al t=-
For option
. I : 1 = 1 ('incorrect) 2 b2
3 3
For option II: ; =fo ; (correct)
I
Hence option (ii) only is correct.
:. Option (b) is correct.

COMPETENCY FOCUSED QUESTIONS

Multiple Choice Questions
Choose and write the correct option in the following questions.
1. Consider the equations as shown:
(x-a)(y-b) =(x-2a)(y-f)
x( X + ;b ) + y( y + ; )- 2xy = 5 + ( x - y )2
 On compa ring the coeffic ients a stud
.
correct? Which of these explai'ns why?ent says these pa·•rs O•f equatio
.
ns is consistent. Is he/she
(a) Yes; becaus e they are paralle l lines.
(c) No; becaus e they are paralle l lines. (b) Yes; because they are intersecting lines.
(d) No; because they are intersecting lines.
2. Consid er the equati ons shown:
ax+ by = ab and 2ax + 3by = 3b
which of th . h
(a) y =5- 3a (b) = 3 - 2a ' ese is t e value of yin terms of a?
y (c) Y = 9a - 3 5 (d) y = 2ab - 3b
3. Gunjan has only f 1 and f 2 coins with her. If th t tal b .
the amoun t of money with her is f 75 th • h e o num er of coins
that she has is 50 and
' en t e number off land f 2 coins are respectively
(a) 25 and 25 (b) 1_5 and 35 (c) 35 and 15 (d) 35 and
20
4. Shown below is a pair of linear equati ons
mx+ 4y-6= 0
ny - l2x + 12 = 0
For ~hie~ of the follow ing values of m ~nd n do the above equations
have infinitely many
solutio ns. [CBSE Practice Paper 2023]
(a) m = - 1 and n = 2 (b) m = -1 and n - 3 (c) m = 6 and n = - 8 (d) 1n = 6 and n = -2
Asse rtion -Rea son Que stion s
The following questions consist of two statements-Assertion(A) and Reason
(R). Answer these
questions selecting the appro priate option given below:
(a) Both A and Rare true and R is the correc t explanation for A.
(b) Both A and Rare true but R is not the correct explanation for A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
5. Assertion (A) : The value of q = + 2, if x = 3, y = 1 is the solution of the line 2x + y - q2 - 3 = 0.
Reason (R) : The solutio n of the line will satisfy the equatio n of the line.
6. Assert ion (A) : The lines 2x - Sy = 7 and 6x - l 5y = 8 are parallel lines.
Reason (R) : The system of linear equatio ns a x + bJY + Ct = 0 and ar
1 + b,1,y + c~ = 0 have
al bl
a
cl
infinitely many solutions if = b = C2 •
2 2

Case Stud y Base d Que stion s

·
7. A coaching institu te of Mathem atics 1 • . · batches I and I I and fees for rich and
conduc ts c asses 111 two . . . b h
poor childre n are differe nt. In batch I. t h ere are 20 Poor and 5 nch
.
children. w 11ereas 1n ate 11 ,
f £ fi·1 001 batch I is ~9000
there are 5 poor and 25 rich childre n. The tot.al monthl y collection °
ees h
and from batch II is ~26,00 0. Assum e that each poor cI11•td pay. s ~x per n1 ont an d eac h 11C
~· ·h h'ld
c 1
pays ty per month .
 Based on the above infor mati on, answ er the following
questions:
(i) Repr esen t the infor mati on given abov e in
term s of x and Y·

(ii) (a) Find the 1nonthly fee paid by a poor child

.
OR
a poor child and a rich child .
(b) Find the difference in the mon thly fee paid by
(iii) If there are 10 poor and 20 rich child ren
in batc h II, what is the total mon thly collection of
fees from batch II ?
nt park s that offer s a dive rse rang e of thrilling
8. Essel World is one of India 's largest amu seme
for visitors of all ages . The park is know n for
rides, water attractions and ente rtain men t optio ns
lar dest inati on for fami ly outi ngs and fun.
its iconic "Water Kingdom" section, mak ing it a popu
f 150 per child and f 250 per adul t.
filled adve nture . The ticket charges for the park are
[CBSE 2024(30/5/3)]

t Id
On a day, the cashier of the park foun d that 300 ticke s were so and an amo unt off 55,000
was collected.
.
Base d on the above information ' answer the follow1·n g questions:
. . ..
(i) I~ the num ber of child ren visited be x and
the num ber of
adul ts visit ed hey, then write the
given situation algebraically.
(ii) (
a) How many child ren visited the amu seme nt
park that day?
OR.
(b) 1-Iow many adults visited the amu seme nt
park th d ..,
at ayr'
·: ·) H
(zu ow much amo unt will be collected if 250 h "Id ren and I 00 adul ts visit the amusement
park? c I

• Solutions of Competency Focused Questions

I. Give n equa tions , -
(x - a) l:y - h) = (x - 2a) ( y - t)
_ 2ay + ab
-
bx
.xy - bx - ay + ab == xy - -ay == O
2
bx - 2ay =0 ... (i)

;i lso, x(x + ;b) + )'(Y +; )-2.\ )' = 5 + (x-y) 2

X ., (/)'
x- + - h + ·)' .. + • - 2A) -- ,)r: + .x.!! + y').. - 2~,
'I
 X ay
- + - -5 X +aby
2b 2 - == 5
2b x + aby == IOb ... (ii)
From equation (i) and (ii), we have
bx- 2ay = 0
x + aby = IOb ... (i)
... (ii) X b
-a(2 + b )y
2
= -10b2 10b2
y== - - -
2
a(b + 2)
From (i), we have

bx= 2ay = 2a x lOb2 - 20b2

2
a(b + 2) b2 + 2
20b 2
x=
b2 + 2
. . Point of intersection is
= 20b2 I0b2
X and y = ----
b2+2 a(b2+2)
Hence, these two lines are intersecting lines.
:. Option (b) is correct.
2. ax+ by= ab
ab-by
x= a
Now, 2ax + 3by = 3b
ab-by
2a a + 3by = 3b 2ab - 2by + 3by = 3b
by= 3b- 2ab y = 3-2a
:. Option (b) is correct.
3. Let the number off I coins be x and number of~ 2 coins bey.
According to question,
X +y = 50 ... (i)

I xx+ 2 x y = 75 ... (ii)

Subtracting equation (i) from equation (ii), we get

X + 2y = 75
X + J = 50
(-) (-) (-)
y = 25
From equation (i), x + 25 = 50 X = 25
:. ()ption (a) is correct.
4. (_;iven equations:
1nx + 4y-6 =0
ny - I 2x + 12 = 0 = - l 2x + ny + 12 =0
h,1 jufjnit<:ly many solutjons
11,t hi {'I

I/ J /J
'/ ..
(,,,
 m 4 -6 -6n=48
n=- 8
----=-
-12 n 12
and 12 m = 72 m=6
So, m = 6, n = - 8
:. Option (c) is correct.
2
5. As x = 3, y = I is the solution of 2x + y - q - 3 = 0 •
.•. 2 X 3 + 1 - q2 - 3 = 0 4 - q2 = O
q2=4 q=+2
So, both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation for A·
: . Option (a) is correct.
. at bl cl
6. Two lines a 1x + bJY + c1 = 0 and ar + bciJ + c2 = 0 are parallel if a
2
= b ::/=
2
'2 •
. . al bl cl
Again the above two lines have infinite soluuon 1f a= -b =
2 2
c2 ·

tm:
So, both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation for A•
:. Option (b) is correct.

7. (i) We have equation

20x + 5y = 9000 ... (i) m
Eacl.
and 5x + 25y = 26000 ... (ii)
]
(ii) (a) Multiplying (i) by 5 and subtracting (ii), we get
I OOx + 25y = 45000
5x + 25y = 26000
- -
95x = 19000 So
19000
x= - - = 200 X = 200
95
... Monthly fee paid by poor child = f200
OR
(b) Multiplying (ii) by 4 and subtract from (i), we get
20x + 5y = 9000 ... (i)
20x + 1OOy _ 104,000 ... (ii)
On subtracting, - 95y = - 95000 2
y = 1000
Difference in monthly fee paid by a poor child and a rich child = ~(1000 _ 200) = f800
(iii) Monthly collection for IO poor and 20 rich· children
= l 0 X 200 + 20 X l 000
= (2000 + 20000) = f 22000
8. (i) Number of children visited =x
Number of adults visited = y
According to question,
'rhc algebraic equation is x + y :;: 300
{1i) (a) ·rhe an1ount colleclcd = f 55000
'I lat· ~lg<:hraic cquari<,a1 is 150x + 250y = 55000
 or 15x + 25y = 5500
From (i) y = 300 - x
... (ii)
Put in (ii), we get
15x + 25 x (300 - x) = 5500
-lOx + 7500 = 5500
2000 = lOx
X = 200

So the numb er of childr en visited = 200

(b) Put x = 200 in (i), we get
200 + y = 300
y = 100
So the numb er of adults visited = 100
(iii) The amou nt collec ted = t (250 x 150 + I 00 x 250)
= t(375 00 + 25000) = t6250 0
Hence the amou nt collec ted = t 62,500
~i* CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE QUESTIONS

Very Sho rt Ans wer Que stio ns

Each of the following questions are of 2 marks.
I. Using graph ical metho d, find wheth er t
-1
I
- '
!
.. -

follow ing system of linear equat ions : I .' f

is consis tent or not: x = 0 and y = -1

l
-t -l ·- - >-- '*

[CBSE 2023(30/1/1)] '

r v, - -, I
Sol. Given linear equat ions x = 0 and y = -7. ,...
'
0 1
',

.
.--i.-..

Here x = 0 means y-axis and y = - 7 means .. • l l I

'
t --
I
'
--
parall el to x-axis.
I• * ,. -

On plottin g these two lines, we have its 1• i

-
•
l
solutio n (0, -7). -7 y =f-7 I
I
System of equat ions is consis tent.
-i I I
w
''11
'

2. For what value of k, does the system of linear equations [CBSE 2019(30/5/1)]

2x+3 y=7
(k - l)x + (k + 2)y = 3k
s.
1
have an infini te numb er of soluti ons?
Sol. For infinitely n1any soluti ons
2 3 7

2k + 4 = 3k - 3 and 9k = 7k + 14
(Using first 2) (Using last 2)
k :=: 7 and I< == 7
I I ,·u, t: I< = 7
 3. Solve the following pair of linear equations:
3x-5y = 4,
2y+7= 9x [CBSE 2019(30/3/2))
Sol.
Topper 's Ans\ver 2019
---
-

---- ---- ---- -- - - - - - - ---- -·-- ---

I------M- --C:9'r-- ~-_s-:-tc P~x ~=- --CT ~~-~'2,J~)u.><~J .:i.\f~x--1~_-. ...l,J=tx .~1-;1: -----

·--- ---- -·
--- -- - - - - - - · ~ - - - - ----- -----
g '>t. :;:: y- + s 'a~- --
-~ h
-·--··--»----------- . - -
,~
., '1 + 2_?'-__ L. -- - --- .
-
----------.
·-------
::J:> '3~ .5':.~_£_2_ 1..X~ ~~--
(3 l3'-)S
---· .

4. In figure, ABCD is a rectangl e. Find the values of x and y.

[CBSE 2018(30/1/1)]
D X +y C

14 cm x-y

A 30cm B
Sol.
... Topper 's Answer 2018 So

SJ &ti.,_~ M~~• t .•flJcl>~

I
'• -=-) 0 p1.e ,.;d,, tt~-

•
~I '<~yo Jo .... a)

",(-Af C J4 ~-
.

~::l.J.
"'br fiM."5 ;., (i), ?. l*Y.,., Jo
y:rl •
 Shor t Answ er Que stion s
Each of the follow ing questions are of 3 marks.
1. If the system of linear equati on
2x + 3y = 7 and 2ax + (a + b)y = 28
have infinit e numbe r of solutio ns, then find the values of 'a' and 'b'.
[CBSE 2023(30/2/1)]
[CBSE Marki ng Schem e 2023 (30/2 / l)l
Sol. System has infinite numbe r of solutio ns

- 3 - -7
2
... 1
2a a+b 28
-1 - 1 a=4
a 4 1
and a+b = 12 b=8 1

2. If 2x +y = 23 and 4x -y = 19, find the value of (5y- 2x) and ( -2) • [CBSE 2020(30/2/1)]
Sol. Given equati ons are
2x + y = 23; 4x -y = 19
Addin g given pair of linear equatio ns, we get
2x + y = 23 ... (i)
4x - y = 19 ... (ii)
6x = 42
X = 42 = 7 x=7
6
Putting the value of x = 7 in eq. (i), we get
2 X 7 + y = 23 14 + y = 23
y = 23 - 14 = 9 Y=g
= 7, Y = 9
X
11
Now;
y
5 _ 2X == 5 X g _ 2 X 7 = 45 - 14 == 31
y 9 9-14 _ -5
and, --2= =--2 = 7 - 7
x 7 17 - 827 then solve the equations for the values of
3. If 217x + 13ly = 913 aDtl t 3 lx + 2 y - ' [CBSE 2023(30/2/1)]
x and y.
Sol. Given system of equati on
... (i)
217x + 13ly == 913
... (ii)
13lx + 217y == 827
Adding (i) and (ii), we have
348x + 348y = 1740
... (iii)
x+y= 5
. (.l1·) fro rn (i) we have
Suht ract1ng '
86x - 86y == 86
x-y == 1
..
By adding equatio n (nt) I (iv) we have
an< '
2x::.: ()
 Putting x = 3 in (iii), we have
3 +y = 5 y=5-3=2
:. x = 3 and y = 2 .
• f t number and t\VICe the smaller
4. Half of the difference between two numbers is 2• Sum O grea er [CBSE 2023(30/1/1)]
number is 13. Find the numbers.
Sol. Let x be the greater nu1nber and y be the smaller number.
According to question,

_!_(x - y) =2
2
x-y=2X2
x-y =4 ... (i)

Also, x + 2y = 13 ... (ii)

On solving equation (i) and (ii), we have
x- y =4
X + 2y = 13

-3y = -9 y=3
Putting the value of y = 3 in (i), we get
x-3=4 x=7
:. Numbers are 7 and 3.
5. The present age of a father is three years more than three times the age of his son. Thr~e years
hence the father's age will be 10 years more than twice the age of the son. Determine their
present ages. [CBSE 2020(30/5/1)]
Sol. Let father's present age be x years-and his son's present age bey years.
According to question,
X = 3y + 3

X - 3y = 3 ... (i)
After three years,
Father's age will be (x + 3) years and his son's age will be (y + 3) years.
Again, according to question
X + 3 = 2(y + 3) + 10

X + 3 = 2y + 6 + 10

X - 2y = 13
. . . (ll
•·)
Subtracting (ii) from (i), we get
x- 3y = 3
_x + 2y = _13
-y=-10 y = 10
Putting the value of y = IO in equation (i), we get
X - 3 X ]0 = 3 X = 33

:. Present age of father is 33 years and his son's present age is l O years.

6. Two people are 16 km apart on a straight road. They start walking at the sam ti If tbe)'
walk towards each other with different speeds, they will meet in 2 hours. I-lad :h me, lked i••
the same direction with same speeds as before, they would have met in 8 hour:.y l~d ttu•ir
walking Hpcedf-i. [CBSR 20~!1(!\0 tt t )l
 Topp er's Answ er 2023
.. t X.\:. \:(-v:.. f>OU C-n i ><.. ~ , h.
k\~
fU..,. l;tr)
2 1ZJ.t. d ( x > d)

d....uto..nu-=- bp~ X -t\ ~

\:- \ "'"'-.•1 c:L.~ \: "-.n \'=, .
--- ··- - - -

-- ·-- -- -- ---- ---

·- --- ---- - · - -
n(U ~,~ ~'
:._ 8 ------ ---- - - ---- -- ---- - -
(C) ),(_- 2
---::.i.-- - --- ·- - ----- - - -

;;)_ K ::.%19 ·-- -- - ------ - - - - - - - ----- --- - . .. .. . ·-

=, C:, • • • - - -· - -- • -- . -- ------ --- ... - - ----- - .. ·--
\t'-\_,>trh...,16. J ·, f"'\ (0..-,---- l
J; 3 a....<

ng Ans wer Qu esti ons

'i of the follo wing ques tions are of 5 marks.
rm speed . If the train woul d have been 6 km/h
I. A train cove red a certa in dista nce at a unifo
sched uled time and if the train were slow er
faster, it woul d have taken 4 hour s less than the
the sched uled time. Find the lengt h of the
by 6 km/h , it woul d have taken 6 hour s more than
[CBS E 2020 (30/3 /1)]
journ ey.
sched uled time ofjourn ey bey hour s.
ol. I ,et origi nal speed of the train be x ktn/h and
l)i~ta ncc cove red = .\')'
~ow, wlico spe<:d i~ (j kn1/h laste r and ti1ne taken is 4 hour less.
a~----
Pair of Linear Equations in Two Vari:hles
 :. Distance = (x + 6) (y - 4)
4x-6y = - 24
=> xy =.\Y - 4x + 6y - 24
... (i)
2x-3y=-12
Again, when speed be 6 km/h sIower an t'1me taken 6 hours more.
d

:. Distance = (x - 6) (y + 6)
6x-6y = 36
xy = xy + 6x - 6y - 36
... (ii)
x-y = 6
Multiply (ii) by 3 and subtract from (i), we get
2x- 3y = - 12
3x- 3y = 18
- + -
-x = -30 x = 30 km/h
Putting the value of x = 30 in equation (ii), we have
30 - y = 6 y = 39 - 6 = 24
... y = 24 hours
... Total distance covered = xy = 30 X 24 = 720 km .
Hence, length of the journey = 720 km.
2. A boat goes 30 km upstream and 44 km downstream in 10 hours. In 13 hours, it can go 40 km
upstream and 55 km downstream. Determine the speed of the stream and that of the boat in
still water. [CBSE 2019(30/1/1)]
Sol. Let the-speed of the boat be x km/h and speed of the stream bey km/h.
:. Speed of boat in upstream = (x - y) km/h
and speed of boat in downstream = (x + y) km/h
:. According to question,
30 44
+ - - = 10 ... (i)
x-y x+y
40 55
and --+--=·13
x-y x+y ... (ii)
(i) x 4 - (ii) x 3 gives
I
x + y (176-165) = I
x+y=ll
... (iii)
Putting the value of x + y = 11 in equation ( ') h
i , we ave
30 44
x-y+u=I0
30
x-y+4=I0
30
x-y =10-4=6
x-y=5
... (iv)
From equations (iii) and (iv), we have
x+y=Jl
x-y==5
- -- - (< >n adding)
~x l(j
 x=8
Putti ng x = 8 in equa tion (iii), we have
8+y =ll
y=l l-8 =3
y=3
:. Spee d of boat is 8 km/h and speed of strea m is 3 km/h
.
3. Students of a class are mad e to stand in rows. If
one student is extra in each row, there would
be 2 rows less. If one stude nt is less in each row, there
would be 3 rows more. Find the number
of stude nts in the class .
Sol. Let total num ber of rows bey and total numb er
of stude nts in each row be x.
:. Total num ber of stude nts = xy
Case I: If one stude nt is extra in each row, there woul
d be two rows less.
Now, num ber of rows = (y - 2)
Num ber of stude nts in each row = (x + 1)
Total num ber of stude nts = numb er of rows x numb er of students in each row
km xy = (y - 2)(x + 1) .
it in
xy =xy +y- 2x-2
I'l )\
y:y-x y-y + 2x =-2
2x-y = -2 ... (i)
Case II: If one stude nt is less in each row, there would
be 3 rows more.
Now, num ber of rows = (y + 3)
,
and num ber of stude nts in each row = (x - 1)
Total num ber of stude nts = numb er of rows x numb er
of students in each row
y:y = (y + 3)(x - 1)
xy= xy-y +3x -3
y:y _ xy + y - 3x = -3
... (ii)
-3x +y= -3
On addin g equa tions (i) and (ii), we have
2x - y =-2
-3x+ y=- 3
-x= -5
x=5
· equa uon
Putti ng the value of x 1n • (") g·et
i , we

2(5) -y=- 2
10 -y = -2
-y= -2-1 0
_ y == _ l 2 or y = 12
, I lass - x 12 ::;: 60.
... l<1tal n urnbe r of stude nts in t 1e c ... - •Ii
MuHiple Choice Questions
Choose and write the correct option in the following questions.
1. The pair of linear equations 2x = 5y + 6 and 15y = 6x - 18 represents two lines which are
[CBSE 2023(30/4/1)]
(a) intersecting (b) parallel
(f) coincident (d) either intersecting or parallel
2. The point of intersection of the line represented by 3x - y = 3 and y-axis is given by
[CBSE 2023(30/6/1)]
(a) (0, -3) (b) (0, 3) (c) (2, 0) (d) (-2, 0)
3. H the pair of equations 3x - y + 8 = 0 and 6x - ry + 16 = 0 represent coincident lines, then the
value of 'r' is [CBSE 2023(30/2/1)]
1 1
(a) - - (b) - (c) -2 (d) 2
2 2
4. The value of k, for which the pair of linear equations kx + y = k2 and x + ky = l have infinitely
many solution is [CBSE 2020(30/4/1)]
(a) +l (b) 1 (c) -1 (d) 2
•
Solve the following Questions
5. Solve the pair of equations x = 3 and y = -4 graphically. [CBSE 2023(30/1/1))
6. Find the value(s) of k for which the pair of equations
kx + 2y = 3
{3x + 6y = 10
has unique solution. [CBSE 2019(30/4/2))
7. Solve the following pair of linear equations. [CBSE 2019(30/3/3))
3x + 4y = 10 and 2x - 2y = 2
8. If the system of linear equations [CBSE 2023(30/2/1))
2x + 3y = 7 and 2ax + (a + b)y = 28
have infinite number of solutions, then find the values of 'a' and 'b'.
9. Rehana went to a bank to withdraw f 2,000. She asked the cashier to give her f 50 and t 100
notes only. Rehana got 25 notes in all. Find how many notes off 50 and I 00 did she receive.
[CBSE 2024(30/4/1)]
I 0. Three years ago, Rashmi was thrice as old as Nazma. Ten years later Rashmi will be twice as old
as Nazma. How old are Rashmi and Nazma now? [CBSE 2024(30/1/1)]
Answers
I. (c) 2. (a) 3. (d) 4. (b) 5. X = 3, y = - 4
6. A11 values of k except I 7.x=2,y=l 8. a = 4, b = 8
9. Rchana receive 10 notes of~ 50 and 15 notes off I 00.
I 0. 4 2 years, I G years.