Reading and
Writing
Skills
by: Mhikaela V. Animo
Lirian Prayer
As a community with one goal, we pray.
Almighty father,
I will continue to direct my mind and my
heart towards the development of my
Filipino identity, my zealous service to my
community, and love for every creature,
all for the greater glory of God,
Amen.
Patterns of
Development in
Writing across
Disciplines
OBJECTIVES
identify the express through
familiarize the transitional words writing their
different and phrases used insights about
writing patterns in the different various life
in paragraph writing patterns; events and
development; and circumstances.
The class will be grouped into 5. For
5 minutes, each group must take a
photo of an event, a person, or two
different persons or objects they
can find inside or outside the
classroom.
Tell us the story behind
the pictures you had
taken?
• A narrative text contains the plot which gives direction in
making a story.
• In developing narration, sequential presentation of
events plays an important role. Signal words help to
create unified thought and to show the transition of
events to the next.
1. Finally, the old lady crossed the street safely
and Juan was able to reach school on time.
2. One morning, Juan is in a hurry to go to school.
3. Then, he thought of helping the old lady even
though he will be late for school.
4. Suddenly, he saw an old lady, carrying a full of
basket, crossing the street.
The Day I Conquered My Fear of Heights
It all started early one Saturday morning when I decided to face my
fear of heights. First, I signed up for a zip-lining adventure at a
nearby nature reserve. Next, I gathered my courage and drove to
the location, my hands trembling on the steering wheel. When I
arrived, the towering trees made me second-guess my decision.
Then, the guide harnessed me in, and I climbed up the platform,
heart pounding with every step.
Finally, the moment came. As I launched off the platform, the
initial terror melted into exhilaration. By the end of the ride, I was
laughing and ready for another go. That day, I not only conquered
my fear but also discovered a new love for adventure.
Describe what you've
captured. / Tell us the
details of the picture.
• The use of description plays an important role to
elucidate the nature of people, places, and things. This
involves the use of adjectives and adverbs in the
paragraph.
• The kind of words we used to describe how your subject
looks, sounds, feels, smells, or even tastes are called
sensory languages.
• Objective Description is where the writer presents an
impartial and actual picture of the subject without biases
and excluding personal impression of the subject
• Subjective Description is where the writer gives a
personal impression of what is observed.
1. Sampaloc Lake is an inactive volcanic maar on the
island of Luzon, the Philippines. It is the largest of
the Seven Lakes of San Pablo, Laguna. Nearly half of
the lake's depth has a shallow depression at the
bottom, indicating its volcanic origin. It is
approximately 104 hectares and 3.5-kilometer
boardwalk. The lake is behind San Pablo City
Capitol and at the foot of the Doña Leonila Park.
2. Sampaloc Lake is one of the best tourist spots in
San Pablo. It is where you can bring your friends
and loved ones for picnics and bonding. Most San
Pableños jog around the lake and ride bicycles not
only to have morning good exercise but also to
have fresh air. You can witness the beauty of
nature for it is surrounded by mountains.
Pick an object in the
picture you took and
define what it means.
• provide concise but exact meanings of unfamiliar words
and explain special meanings for familiar words. They
are often used to explain technical words and concepts.
• the dictionary meaning of the word.
Example:
Rose is a family of prickly shrubs with pinnate leaves
and showy flowers.
• the secondary meaning of a word and not necessarily
included in the dictionary.
• it is how a writer understands a word based on their own
personal or consensual experiences.
Example:
She is feeling blue.
What is unique to the
picture you took compared
to other pictures and was
there a similarity?
There are two common ways to organize a comparison/contrast
paragraph or essay.
• BLOCK METHOD. Used to compare and contrast two subjects
one at a time.
• POINT-BY-POINT METHOD. The two subjects focus on specific
points to compare to each other at one time
1. A fish has scales and is able to swim in salt or fresh
water. They also have gills which are used to help them
receive oxygen. While a mammal can live on land or in
water. They have lungs to help them breathe, and they
have skin or fur.
2. Fish live in salt or freshwater, while mammals can live
on land or in water. Fish have gills to take in oxygen, but
mammals have lungs to receive oxygen in the body. Fish,
also, have scales while mammals have skin or fur.
Apples are usually red, green, or yellow. They have a
sweet or tart taste and are eaten fresh, baked, or
made into cider. Apples grow in cooler climates and
have smooth skin.
Oranges are typically orange in color. They have a
sweet, tangy taste and are often juiced or eaten fresh.
Oranges grow in warmer climates and have a bumpy,
thicker skin.
Color: Apples come in red, green, or yellow, while oranges are typically
orange.
Taste: Apples are sweet or tart, but oranges have a sweet, tangy flavor.
Uses: Apples are eaten fresh, baked, or turned into cider, whereas oranges
are commonly juiced or eaten fresh.
Climate: Apples grow in cooler climates, while oranges thrive in warmer
ones.
Skin: Apples have smooth skin, while oranges have a bumpy, thicker skin.
Create a compare-and-
contrast paper outline using
the Point-by-point /Block
Method by comparing or
contrasting Junior High
School and Senior High
School.
What would be the effect
if that picture you took
was the cause?
• A text development pattern that explains why something
happens. It also states what results in a particular event
produces. It usually gives a statement emphasizing the
cause and another emphasizing the effect.
• Further, in developing your texts you can use signal words
like as a consequence of, as a result of, because,
because of, now that, and since to express cause while
accordingly, consequently, hence, so, therefore, and
this resulted in to signify effects.
In taking the picture,
what problem did you
encounter? What did you
do?
• A problem/solution essay presents a problem, usually
discussing several aspects of the problem, then concludes
by discussing solutions to the problem.
• The following transitional devices can also help you
develop your text.
If you are given the
chance to sell the
picture, how?
• Persuasive text can be in the form of an argument,
discussion, exposition, review, or even an
advertisement
Some guide questions in constructing a persuasive text
include:
• What is the issue?
• What is your position or opinion?
• What is the opposing position/opinion?
• What are some reasons for your position/opinion?
• What are some cases or examples that support this?
Directions: Do a prewriting activity based on the number
provided to you. Write it in cursive.
• 1-Narration: TELL ME
TASK: Students will share an experience that made them
realize a specific value/lesson in life.
• 2-Description: THE WHO?
TASK: Students will describe somebody in the class who
inspires and motivates them to be better students and people.
• 3-Comparison and Contrast: THEN AND NOW
TASK: Students will describe the conventional and
contemporary ways of courtship in the Philippines in written
form.
