Republic of the Philippines

Commission on Higher Education

R. G. DE CASTRO COLLEGES
Zone 3, Bulan Sorsogon

TITLE: Sustainable water supply

solutions; a case study of clean-up
drive in Bulan Water District (Dam),
Barangay Lajong, Bulan, Sorsogon

Submitted by:

Christian G. Jacob

Ricky Oseo

Geraldine Jasmine C. Salazar

Rozel G. Garra

Sandra Arenas

Nescel Pragacha

Kate Gestiada

Submitted to:

MARJORIE F. PEBRERO

Instructor
I. INTRODUCTION

Water is essential to life. Everyone has the right to access the

safe drinking water in this living earth for them to survive. The study

identified the causes of the lack of a safe water supply and inadequate

sanitation practices of the people. In Sta. Cruz, Davao del Sur, a

coastal community disposed of waste into the sea and had limited access

to safe water and sanitation, leading to a diarrhea outbreak in 2012 that

reached 349 people. Poverty, lack of information, and traditional

practices were identified as contributing factors in a study. Despite the

presence of safe water sources, access to such sources and proper

treatment remain issues. Many households do not have toilets-they dispose

their waste into the sea. Thus, policy approaches, such as the SALINTUBIG

program, have to be crafted to promote access to water and sanitation

(Besing, Daisy T., 2022).The water quality in Esteros, Ozamiz City, is

deteriorating due to pollution from human activities. A study conducted

in 2013 revealed that the water quality in Carangan Estero was within the

Department of Environment and Natural Resources standards for Class C

waters. The low pH levels, dissolved oxygen, and bacterial oxygen demand

were all below the standard. The high discharge of organic waste from

densely populated areas is causing the water quality to decline. A

collaborative and sustainable community effort is needed to restore the

water quality (Enguito, M.R.C., Matunog, V.E., Bala, J.J.O. and

Villantes, Y.L., 2013). Pollution in the Buhisan, Bulacao, and Lahug

rivers in Cebu, Philippines, was assessed through monthly sampling from

November 2011 to April 2012. High total and fecal coli form counts were

observed, indicating fecal pollution. Organic pollution and coli forms

could be linked to waste water accumulation due to human activities. The

study recommends inventorying, monitoring non-point sources, establishing

waste water treatment measures, and enforcing river protection policies

(Bensig, E., Joyceflores, M. and Maglangit, F., 2014). The quality of

water in Metro Manila is a significant concern due to environmental

issues arising from rapid industrial growth in the Philippines. This

study investigates how residents’ willingness to pay for better water

quality in Metro Manila, focusing on the advantages of clean water for

swimming and fishing (Jalilov, S.M., 2017). The management of the

Meycauayan-Marilao-Obando River System Water Quality Management Area

(MMORS WQMA) is a crucial aspect of Integrated Water Resource Management

(IWRM). The management is influenced by shared interests, financial

support, and an enabling policy environment. However, disparities exist

in awareness and implementation, and lack of resources limit performance.

Improving mechanisms may include the approval of the National Water

Quality Management Fund, financial plans, collaboration, and capacity

building. (Malenab, M.C., Visco, E., Geges, D., Amparo, J.M., Torio, D.

and Jimena, C.E., 2016).

Furthermore, contamination of water supply and availability of clean

water are some of the grave problems not just for the residents but also

for the local government and community leaders of Barangay Lajong, Bulan,

Sorsogon. In fact, improper waste disposal, lack of proper sanitation

practice, and pollution caused by human activities have worsened this

problem. Waste and pollutants have for years been piling in local water

sources, affecting the consistency and safety of supplies during the rain

season. This study will majorly focus on efforts made through a clean-up

drive. A clean-up drive initiated by the local authorities, with support

from the community, was aimed at reducing pollutants and restoring

quality to key water bodies.

The campaign included waste collection, disposal, and improvements

in sanitation in areas associated with water pollution. Surveys and

interviews carried out during the cleaning campaign established that most

of the people still were not changing their ways regarding waste disposal

and usage of water, hence hindering sustainability. Using a mixed bag of

community reaction and water quality sampling before and after the clean-

up intervention, it will determine the effectiveness of the intervention.

Results reveal a grave situation in the water quality and

contamination issues in Barangay Lajong, Bulan, Sorsogon. Therefore, the

researcher implements this study to determine the effectiveness of the

clean-up drive as an improvement toward making the water supply

sustainable and addressing pollution in the area. The research study was

aimed at assessing the effectiveness of the clean-up initiatives in

improving water quality, increasing community participation, and long-

term management of water resources, which could be used as a model by

other similar communities.

Hence, Water pollution occurs when harmful substances contaminate

streams, rivers, lakes, and oceans, degrading water quality and causing

health risks. Proper disposal and recycling of waste can limit water

bacteria and prevent adverse health risks. Proper treatment of waste

water is crucial to prevent the discharge of harmful substances into

surface and ground water sources (Ed-Idoko, J.O., Apochi, J.O., Ndukwe,

J., Tanimowo, A.O., Abidang, F.I., Christiana, O.N. and Ibrahim, U.O.,

2024).
 By this, the researcher will employ the investigates whether the

community-based cleanup initiative has the effect of reducing water

contamination caused by improper waste disposal and pollution, in Bulan

water district (DAM) Barangay Lajong, Bulan, Sorsogon. The study focused

on ascertaining what kind of impact such an initiative had on the

sustainability of water supply and the quality of that water, keeping in

view the plight of disadvantaged communities. Success in this initiative

will, therefore, be defined by improved water quality and increased

participation of the community in their care of the environment.

Whatever the result that the researcher will find would be inform

the development of sustainable water resource management strategies not

only for Lajong, Bulan, Sorsogon but also for other communities facing

similar challenges. The results will provide valuable insights into the

effectiveness of community-driven solutions in addressing water pollution

and ensuring access to clean water for consumption.

Significance of the Study

This study is considered by the researcher beneficial to the

following:

Residents of Barangay Lajong, Bulan, Sorsogon. The findings of this

study may enhance awareness among residents about the importance of

clean and sustainable water sources. It could motivate them to actively

participate in local cleanup drives and other community efforts that

help maintain water quality and sustainability.

LGU. This study may guide the LGU in formulating effective policies

and programs aimed at improving water resource management and promoting

sustainable practices within the community. It could also support

decision-making for infrastructure development and budget allocation.

DENR. The study may provide data and insights that could aid the

DENR in implementing environmental protection initiatives, particularly

those focused on water conservation and pollution control in rural

areas.

Future Researchers. This study may serve as a reference for future

researchers who wish to explore similar topics, helping them build upon

the findings and expand the body of knowledge related to sustainable

water management and community involvement.

Objectives

This research aims to explore the effectiveness of a clean-up drive in

Bulan water district, Barangay Lajong, Bulan, Sorsogon as a strategy for

improving sustainable water supply solutions. The study will assess the

current water supply situation, including sources, quality, and

availability, and analyze the impact of pollution on the water supply.

It will then evaluate the effectiveness of the clean-up drive in

reducing pollution, improving water quality, and fostering community

participation. Finally, the research will develop sustainable water

supply solutions, such as promoting water conservation measures,

introducing water treatment technologies, establishing rainwater

harvesting systems, and creating local water management committees. The

study’s findings will provide valuable insights into the potential of

community-based initiatives to improve water quality, increase water

availability, enhance community resilience, and empower the community to

take ownership of their water resources. These insights will inform

policy decisions related to water management and environmental

protection, and the research findings can be replicated and adapted to

other communities facing similar challenges.

Scope and Delimitation

Contamination of water supply and availability of clean water are

some of the grave problems not just for the residents but also for the

local government and community leaders of Barangay Lajong, Bulan,

Sorsogon. In fact, improper waste disposal, lack of proper sanitation

practice, and pollution caused by human activities have worsened this

problem. Waste and pollutants have for years been piling in local water

sources, affecting the consistency and safety of supplies during the

rain season. This study will majorly focus on efforts made through a

clean-up drive. A clean-up drive initiated by the local authorities,

with support from the community, was aimed at reducing pollutants and

restoring quality to key water bodies.

Researchers focused solely on the Bulan Water District (DAM) in

Barangay Lajong, Bulan, Sorsogon. A cleanup drive was conducted there

not only to maintain water cleanliness but also to ensure its smooth

flow for the daily water needs of the residents. The dam was targeted

because it accumulates waste from residential uses that were brought

there by the typhoon, and furthermore, there are already posters in the

streets of the area reminding residents of proper waste disposal

practices.

The campaign included waste collection, disposal, and improvements

in sanitation in areas associated with water pollution. Surveys and

interviews carried out during the cleaning campaign established that

most of the people still were not changing their ways regarding waste

disposal and usage of water, hence hindering sustainability. Using a

mixed bag of community reaction and water quality sampling before and

after the clean-up intervention, it will determine the effectiveness of

the intervention.

Results reveal a grave situation in the water quality and

contamination issues in Barangay Lajong, Bulan, Sorsogon. Therefore, the

researcher implements this study to determine the effectiveness of the

clean-up drive as an improvement toward making the water supply

sustainable and addressing pollution in the area. The research study was

aimed at assessing the effectiveness of the clean-up initiatives in

improving water quality, increasing community participation, and long-

term management of water resources, which could be used as a model by

other similar communities.

Hence, Water pollution occurs when harmful substances contaminate

streams, rivers, lakes, and oceans, degrading water quality and causing

health risks. Proper disposal and recycling of waste can limit water

bacteria and prevent adverse health risks. Proper treatment of waste

water is crucial to prevent the discharge of harmful substances into

surface and ground water sources (Ed-Idoko, J.O., Apochi, J.O., Ndukwe,

J., Tanimowo, A.O., Abidang, F.I., Christiana, O.N. and Ibrahim, U.O.,

2024).

By this, the researcher will employ the investigates whether the

community-based cleanup initiative has the effect of reducing water

contamination caused by improper waste disposal and pollution, in

Barangay Lajong, Bulan, Sorsogon. The study focused on ascertaining what

kind of impact such an initiative had on the sustainability of water

supply and the quality of that water, keeping in view the plight of

disadvantaged communities. Success in this initiative will, therefore,

be defined by improved water quality and increased participation of the

community in their care of the environment.

Whatever the result that the researcher will find would be inform

the development of sustainable water resource management strategies not

only for Barangay Lajong, Bulan, Sorsogon but also for other communities

facing similar challenges. The results will provide valuable insights

into the effectiveness of community-driven solutions in addressing water

pollution and ensuring access to clean water for consumption.

II. METHODOLOGY

a. Participants and other Sources of Data and Informations

The study will be administered at Barangay Lajong, Bulan, Sorsogon

specifically to:

1. Residents/consumers:. They are selected because they’re the one who

suffers or is facing the challenges with water contamination. A

selected set of residents who were actively involved in or affected

by the clean-up drive will be surveyed and interviewed. These people

will enlighten the public about their experiences, perceptions, and

 changes in the quality and availability of water as a result of this

initiative.

2. Local Government Unit (LGU). Representatives from LGU will provide

information with policies and programs that will support clean-up

drives. Their engagement is important for understanding the

institutional role to sustain water supply solutions.

3. Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR). People from

the Department of Environment and natural Resources (DENR) will

provide their knowledge about how clean-up drives affect the

environment. Also they’re talk about things about the level of

pollution and water quality.

4. Community Leaders. Barangay officials/leaders give their support to

get people active and keep them interested in protecting the

environment and also for the goal of having clean and sustainable

water sources.

5. Future Researchers. A person whose job is to use past studies to

better understand previous findings and compare them to what happened

in other places. And also have the chance to make

intervention/innovation for sustainable water supply. This study will

serve as a reference for the future researchers if they plan to

conduct similar study.

6. Field Observation. Researchers directly observe the clean-up drives

by doing it, watching how trash Is collected and disposed of. Taking

photos and writing detailed descriptions of the cleaned areas,

comparing their condition before and after the cleanup.

b. Data Gathering Methods

The study on sustainable water supply solutions through a clean-up drive

in Barangay Lajong, Bulan, Sorsogon, will use the following methods:

1. Survey Administration: The researcher shall conduct a survey with

the residents of Barangay Lajong to gather data from their own

experiences of feeling concerning water quality and availability before

and after the clean-up drive.

2. Interviewing Stakeholders: The researcher interviewed several key

stakeholders, including local government officials, barangay leaders,

and DENR representatives, to get insight into the implementation and

outcomes of the clean-up drive and related challenges.

3. Data Compilation from Records: Reports, documents, and other

archival materials found in the offices of the local government and

environmental agencies regarding water quality and past clean-up drives

shall be collected and analyzed.

4. Field Observation: The researcher will observe the clean-up drive

activities, including waste collection, proper disposal methods, and

community participation. Detailed notes and photographs will document

the process and improvements made to polluted areas.

5. Community Engagement Monitoring: The researcher will monitor

community involvement, keeping a track of attendance and participation

in the clean-up activities through text, calls, or direct observations.

6. Unstructured Interviews: Resident and community leaders will be

interviewed in follow-up interviews to solicit additional issues or

comments regarding the clean-up initiative and their related impact on

sustainable water supply solutions.

7. Comparative Analysis: Based on before and after the intervention of

the intervention, metrics of community involvement and observed

improvements will be analyzed by the researcher to evaluate how

effectively the initiative addresses water contamination and promotes

sustainable practices.

c. Data Analysis Plan

The statistical measures to be used in the study are weighted mean,

percentage, and total frequency count to determine the level of

awareness, participation and satisfaction of the residents in Barangay

Lajong, Bulan, Sorsogon regarding the clean-up drive aimed at improving

the sustainability of the water supply.

To determine if the clean-up drive enhances the quality of water, we

will utilize t-test in comparing the different levels of water quality

before and after the clean-up drive such as determine whether there has

been an enhancement in the supply of water conditions.

In addition, F-test will be utilized in demonstrating whether there is a

significant difference in water quality across different regions of the

barangay before and after the clean-up activities. This would show the

general effect of the intervention on water sustainability.

RESULTS

The post-cleanup assessment in Bulan water district (DAM), Barangay

Lajong, Bulan, Sorsogon, notable improvements were observed. The river’s

water flow significantly enhanced, demonstrating the initiative’s

positive impact. The cleanup drive also effectively addressed improper

waste disposal practices. The community’s collective efforts led to a

substantial reduction in pollution, fostering a cleaner and healthier

environment for residents.

CONCLUSION

The study concludes that the clean-up drive in Bulan water district

(DAM), Barangay Lajong, Bulan, Sorsogon is an effective community-based

approach towards improving water quality and sustainability. However,

through active engagement of the local residents in removing waste and

proper disposal, the initiative has significantly reduced water

contamination and improved sources of clean availability. This

community-driven effort, supported by local government is a sense of

responsibility and environmental stewardship, which can also serve as a

model to be emulated from other barangays facing the same challenges of

water supply. Findings of the study point toward an amalgamation of

cleanup drives and sustainable water management, such as rainwater

harvesting and water conservation, toward building a more resilient and

sustainable water supply system empowering community stewardship with

added long-term environmental and public health benefits

RECOMMENDATIONS

Researchers created meanings and derived new ideas and lessons during

the development of this study, the possible suggestions which would

benefit not only the community but also the environment by utilizing

sustainable water supply solutions; a case study of clean up drive in

Bulan water district, Barangay Lajong, Bulan, Sorsogon. With the results

being established, the researchers recommend:

1. Make them more participative in attending clean-up drives

regularly. As more people get involved and involve themselves further,

the awareness about water quality issues will increase and waste

disposal will become more sustainable.

2. Implement or intensify waste segregation schemes in Barangay

Lajong, Bulan, Sorsogon. This will segregate recyclable wastes from

those that cannot be recycled, thus limiting the former’s probability of

reaching water bodies. It brings up water quality and sustainability.

3. Launch education campaigns targeted at teaching residents the

importance of clean water, ways of preventing pollution, and techniques

of conserving water. Workshops or seminars can be addressed in order to

create awareness on how people can help in making water sustainable in

their daily lives.

References

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Enguito, M.R.C., Matunog, V.E., Bala, J.J.O. and Villantes, Y.L., 2013.

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