Measurement and Experimental

2Techniques
Multiple-choice Questions
Answer all questions.
2.1 Measuring Physical Quantities

Quick Revision Notes

The following table summarises the S.I. units and the apparatus commonly used to make standard
measurements in the laboratory:

Measurement Apparatus Accuracy S.I. unit

Beam balance 0.1 g(1 decimal place)
Mass 0.01 g Kilogram (kg)
Electronic balance
(2 decimal places)
Analogue stopwatch 0.1 s
Time 0.01 s Second (s)
Digital stopwatch (2 decimal places)
Mercury or alcohol
0.5°C
Temperature thermometer
Kelvin (K)
Data logger
Measuring cylinder 0.5 cm'
0.05 cm
Burette
Volume (2 decimal places)
for liquids) Cubic metre (m)
Measures fixed
Pipette volumes, e.g. 10.0 cm',
20.0 cm3, and 25.0 cm
Volume
(for gases)
Gas syringe cms Cubic centimetre
(cm)

1. What is the S.I. unit for measuring time?

A. Millisecond B. Second
C. Minute D. Hour

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Chapter 2 Measurement and
Experimental Techniques
2. What is the S.I. unit for measuring volume?

A. 8 C. kg D. ml
B. m
5. Which of the following apparatus is used to measure exactly 25.20 cm' of hydrochloric
3.
acid?

A. B.

C. D.

4.
4. What is the volume of sodium hydroxide contained in the burette shown below?

A. 7.50 cm' B. 7.35 cm'

C. 6.65 cm
D. 6.50 cm'
5. Which apparatus below is used to about 60 cm' of sodium
measure
hydroxicle?
A. Burette
B. Conical flask
C. Measuring cylinder
D. Pipette

6. The diagram below shows the readings on a thermometer hefore and after an experiment.

00

BO

70

60

40

20

Before After
Which of the following states the changes that have occurred?
Temperature change/°C Heat energy
A. 14.5 Taken in
B. 2.5 Taken in
C. 14.5 Given out
D. 2.5 Given out

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Chapter 2 Measurement and
Experimental Techniques
2.2
Selecting Suitable Apparatus- Collection of Gases
Quick Revision Notes
The three methods of
collecting gases are
o
displacement of water;
o downward delivery
o upward delivery.
C ethod tor collecting a gas is determined by its solubility and density.
Common drying agents include:
by passing the gas through drying agent.
a
Dry gas can be collected
o concentrated sulfuric acid;
o quicklime;
o fused calcium chloride.

Link the characteristics of

Section 2.2 for more information on
Refer to Discover Chemistry (2nd Edition)
common gases found in the laboratory.

method shown in the diagram below?

7. Which of the following gases can be collected by the

A. Sulfur dioxide B. Hydrogen chloride

C. Carbon dioxide D. Ammonia

Exam Tip
To pick a suitable method for collecting a gas, consider its solubility and density.
8. The diagram below shows the collection of a gas produced during an experiment.

reaction
mixture

gas collected

concentrated
sulfuric acid

Which gas cannot be collected using this method?

A. Ammonia B. Carbon dioxide
C. Chlorine D. Oxygen
9 Carbon monoxide is insoluble in water and has a density similar to that of air. Which of the
tollowing is the best method for collecting a sample of carbon monoxide gas?
A. Pass the gas into an upright measuring cylinder.
B. Pass the gas into an inverted measuring cylinder.
C. Pass the gas into a measuring cylinder placed on its side.
D. Pass the gas through water into an inverted measuring cylinder.

10. A gas Y is less dense than air and dissolves readily in water to form an alkaline solution.
Which method below is used to collect a dry sample of this gas?
A. Passing the gas through fused calcium chloride and then into an upright cylinder.
B. Passing the gas through calcium oxide and then into an upright cylinder.
C. Passing the gas through calcium oxide and then into an inverted cylinder.
D. Passing the gas through concentrated sulfuric acid and then into an inverted cylinder.

11. A student wants to investigate the effects of temperature on the rate of dissolution of sugar in
water. Which of the following apparatus is not required?
A. Gas syringe
B Thermometer
C. Electronic balance
D. Stopwatch

2014 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd Chapter 2 Measurenment and Experimental Techniques 13
 Summative Exercise
Answer all questions.

12. What is the S.I. unit for measuring temperature

D. °C
C. S
A. K 3. OK
between 22 cm of
the rate of reaction
experiment to
measure
determined by calculating the
A
Student is performing an
rate of
reaction is
magnesium. The
Sulturic acid and 5 g of of time.
volume of gas produced over period
a
for the experiment?
is not required
Which of the following apparatus

A. Alcohol thermometer
B. Electronic balance
C. Measuring cylinder
D. Stopwatch

14. Gas X has the following properties.

an acidic solution.
I t dissolves in water to produce
I t is denser than air.

X?
Which set-up below can be used to obtain a dry sample of gas
B. gas X
A.
gas
calcium oxide
fused calcium
chloride dry gas X
dry gas X

- dry gas X D. gas jar

C. gas X dry gas X
8as
concentrated
sulfuric acid
water

15. Nitrogen gas is insoluble in water and has a density similar to that of air. Which of the
is the best method for collecting and
gas?
following measuring
the volume of a sample of nitrogen

A. Downward delivery
B. Upward delivery
C. Displacement of water
D. Using a gas syringe )

14 Chapter 2 Measurement and Experimental Techniques 2014 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd
 Free Response Questions
Answer all questions.

1. Studlent A wants to measure the rate of reaction between calcium carbonate and dilute nitric
acid in the laboratory. The student intends to do so by measuring the volume or carDon
dioxide gas produced over time.
(a) Draw a labelled experimental set-up that can be used collect and measure the
of carbon dioxide
to volume
gas produced in this experiment. 3 marks]
(b) Student B proposes that the rate of reaction can also be measured by measuring the loss
in mass of the reaction
mixture over time. The experimental set-up is shown below
cotton wool

excess dilute
hydrochloric acid
carbon dioxide. lumps of
gas calcium carbonate

electronic balance

State the quantities that student B has to measure, the S.I. units for these measurements, and
the appropriate apparatus needed. 13 marks]
[Total: 6 marks]

2. Name the appropriate apparatus required for the following measurements.

(a) Time taken for a reaction to reach completion
(b) Volume of gas produced
(c) Adding exactly 25.0 cm> of alkali intoa conical flask
(d) Adding approximately 200 cm' of distilled water to dissolve a
(e) Adding 55 cm of a salt solution to a beaker 5 marks]

2014 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd Chapter 2 Measurement and tvanrian a