INDIAN SCHOOL MUSCAT

DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS
CLASS- X
WORK-SHEET-3(ANSWER KEY)
CHAPTER-12 ELECTRICITY

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (MCQs)

1. A current of 1 A is drawn by a filament of an electric bulb. Number of electrons passing through a
cross-section of the filament in 16 seconds would be roughly
(a) 1020 (b) 1016 (c) 1018 (d) 1023
Ans: (a) 1020

2. Identify the circuit (Figure) in which the electrical components have been properly connected.

Ans: Option (B):

Voltmeter connected in parallel and Ammeter connected in series with proper terminal connection
3. A wire of length l, made of material resistivity ρ is cut into two equal parts. The resistivity of the
two partsare equal to,
(a) ρ (b) 1/2 ρ (c) 2 ρ (d) 4 ρ

Ans: Option (A):

The resistivity of the two parts will be same. If we cut the wire into two equal parts then the length
will be change of the wire but will not change the resistivity of the wire. Because resistivity depends upon
the material of the wire. Hence, the resistivity of the two parts will be same.
4. A boy records that 4000 joule of work is required to transfer 10 coulomb of charge between two
points of aresistor of 50 Ω. The current passing through it is

(a) 2 A (b) 4 A (c) 8 A (d) 16 A

Ans: Option (C):

W= Q.V
4000 = 10 × V
4000
=V
10
400 𝑣 = 𝑉
V =I R
400 𝑣
I = V/R = = 8A
50Ω

5. A student carries out an experiment and plots the V-I graph of three samples of nichrome wire with
resistances R1, R2 and R3 respectively. Which of the following is true?

(a) R1 = R2 = R3 (b) R1 > R2 > R3 (c) R3 > R2 > R1 (d) R2 > R3 > R1
Ans: Option(C):
Slope for R1 is maximum and slope for R3 is the minimum.
(Slope)R1> (Slope) R2> (Slope) R3
We know that,
Resistance of the wire =1/(Slope of the I−V graph)
Therefore, R3>R2>R1
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

6. A V-I graph for a nichrome wire is given below. What do you infer from this graph? Draw a labelled circuit
diagram to obtain such a graph.

ANSWER:
The V−I graph for a nichrome wire shows a straight line, which means the resistance of the wire
remains constant when the current supply is changed (the slope of the graph represents the
 resistance).
Also, we can conclude that the current flowing through the wire is directly proportional to the
potential difference V across it.
The resistance of the wire can be calculated as-

Thus, the nichrome wire has a constant resistance of 4Ω, and it follows the ohm's law, therefore, it is
considered an ohmic conductor.

7. Explain the following.

(a) Why is the tungsten used almost exclusively for filament of electric lamps?
ANS: Electric lamps heat up with time as they are used. Since, tungsten has very high melting
point, it does not melt even at very high temperatures. Hence, the lamp in not destroyed.

(b) Why are the conductors of electric heating devices, such as bread-toasters and electric irons,
made of analloy rather than a pure metal?
ANS: (i) Made up of alloy because the resistivity of an alloy is more than that of metals which
produces a large amount of heat.
(ii) At high temperatures, the alloys do not oxidize

(c) Why is the series arrangement not used for domestic circuits?
ANS: (i) When resistors are connected in series, potential difference across each resistor is
smaller than the applied voltage. Hence, the power delivered to each device is reduced
and hence they don't work at full efficiency.

(ii) We cannot use independent ON/OFF switches with individuals appliances

(iii) All appliances have to be used simultaneously even if we do not need them.
8. What is electrical resistivity? In a series electrical circuit comprising a resistor made up of a metallic
wire, the ammeter reads 5 A. The reading of the ammeter decreases to half when the length of the
wire is doubled.Why?
ANSWER: The resistance offered by the unit length and unit cross-sectional area of a wire of
the given material.
1. The SI unit of electrical resistivity is ohm-meter(Ω m).
2. Conductors are elements that efficiently conduct current and also have low resistance.

3. Insulators are those that don't conduct electricity as well as possess a high resistance.
4. The magnitude of such electric field across that one which thus produces a specific current
density is used to determine resistivity.
Mathematical representation:
Mathematically, the resistivity can be represented as:
𝒍
R= 𝝆 × 𝑨

Here, ρ is the resistivity.

l is the length of the wire.
A is the area of cross-section.

Therefore, whenever the length is twice, this same resistance doubles, as well as the current
flow, has been cut in half. That would be the cause of the drop throughout the ammeter
reading.
9. (a) What are the advantages of connecting electrical devices in parallel with the battery
instead ofconnecting them in series?

(b) What is earth wire? Why it is used?

ANS:
(a) Advantages of connecting electrical devices in parallel with the battery are as follows:

1. The voltage across each electrical device is the same and the device can take current
as per its resistance.
2. Separate on/off switches can be applied across each device.
3. Total resistance in parallel circuits decreases, hence, a greater current may be drawn
from the cell.
4. If one electrical device is damaged, it will not affect the other devices connected
parallel, hence the other devices continue to work properly.
(b) Earth wires are the important components of the electrical circuits.
Following are their primary functions:
 Earth wire prevents live wire from overloading.
 Earth wire absorbs the excess electrons and channelize them to flow beneath the
ground.
 LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
10. (a) With the help of a suitable circuit diagram prove that the reciprocal of the equivalent resistance of a group of
resistances joined in parallel is equal to the sum of the reciprocals of the individual resistances
(b) In an electric circuit two resistors of 12 Ω each are joined in parallel to
a 6 V battery. Find the current drawn from the battery.

ANSWER:
 COMPETENCY BASED QUESTIONS

ASSERTION AND REASON QUESTION

The following questions consists of two statements- Assertion(A) and eason(R)answer the
questions selecting the appropriate option given below,
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true
11. Assertion (A): A voltmeter and ammeter can be used together to measure resistance but not power.
Reason (R): Power is proportional to voltage and current.
Ans: (c) A is true but R is false.
Voltmeter is an electric instrument used for measuring electric potential difference between the
two points in an electric circuit.

An ammeter is a device used to measure the electric current in the circuit.

As we know, R=VI from Ohm's law and P=VI
So we can measure resistance and power from voltmeter and ammeter used together. Resistance
is proportional to voltage and inversely proportional to current but power is directly proportional
to both voltage and current.

12. Assertion (A): The coil of a heater is cut into two equal halves and only one of them is used into
heater. The heater will now require half the time to produce the same amount of heat.

Reason (R): The heat produced is directly proportional to square of current.

Ans: (c) A is true but R is false.

The resistance will be split in half if the length is split in half. As a result, the resistance is limited
to 50 % of the initial value. Using the equation P= V² /R, we could see when the resistance is
halved, the heat produced is doubled

13. Assertion (A): In a simple battery circuit, the point of the lowest potential is the positive terminal
of thebattery.

Reason(R): The current flows towards the point of the higher potential, as it does in such a circuit from
thenegative to the positive terminal.
Ans: Both A and R are false
Explanation for the Assertion: We know that in an electric circuit, electric current flow
from the point of higher potential to the lower potential. The charge on an electron is
negative, and the movement of the electron is what causes the electric current.
14. Assertion (A): Two resistances are having value R each. Their equivalent resistance is R/2.
Reason (R): Given Resistances are connected in parallel.

Ans: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
Explanation:

CASE STUDY QUESTIONS

15.

Vinita and Ahmed demonstrated a circuit that operates the two headlights and the two sidelights of a
car, intheir school exhibition. Based on their demonstrated circuit, answer the following questions.
(i) State what happens when switch A is connected to
(a)Position 2 (b) Position 3
(ii) Find the potential difference across each lamp when lit.
(iii) Calculate the current
(a) in each 12 Ω lamp when lit.
(b)In each 4 Ω lamp when lit.

(OR)

(iv) Show, with calculations, which type of lamp, 4.0 Ω or 12 Ω, has the higher power.
ANSWER: