008 Actuators-1
DR KK SUNDARAM
KKS
ACTUATORS
Actuators
• An actuator is a mover or something that
cause linear rotary or reciprocating motion on
a machine element.
• AN ACTUATOR TAKES IN MECHANICAL
ELECTRICAL HYDRAULIC OR PNEUMATIC
ENERGY and produces a simple displacement
torque or force at its output end., which is
called as the actuating end.
ACTIONS OF ACTUATORS
• PUSH AND PULL ACTIONS
– OR A COMBINATION OF PUSH AND PULL
• IS USED FOR
– lifting, dropping, sliding, or tilting of machines or
materials.
• They provide safe and clean motion control
that is efficient and maintenance free.
Actuators
• METHODS of making actuators varies. This
could be achieved by a simple mechanisms or
in pneumatic methods by using a simple
cylinder and a piston.
• An actuator will need a control ***
– Need to STOP START INPUTS (ASSIST TO KNOW
WHAT TO DO) , ARMS TO FACILITATE THE ACTION.
Actuators classifications
• Hydraulic -Electrical –Pneumatic –
Mechanical
• Hybrid ones
• HydroElectric - HydoPneumatic
HydroMechanical
• EP EM and PM and so on…
TYPES OF ACTUATOR VARIATIONS
•H – E - P - M
– PNEMONIC
ACTUATOR CLASSIFICATIONS
• ACTUATORS CAN BE LINEAR ( STRAIGHT LINE)
OR NON LINEAR.
• LINEAR ACTUATORS
– SOLENOIDS
An application
Linear motors
• Linear motor technology is the best solution in
the context of a low load (up to 30Kgs)
because it provides the highest level of speed,
control and accuracy.
• Linear motors tubular linear motors are used
in applications requiring linear actuators with
performance that cannot be met by other
forms of linear actuators such as pneumatic
cylinders or lead screw linear actuators.
Linear motors
• Linear motors are types of solenoids used for
actuation.
• Solenoids !! -
HOW TO CHOOSE ACTUATORS FOR
APPLICATIONS
• RIGHT ASSESSMENT OF MOTIONS NEEDED
HELPS IN CHOICE OF THE ACTUATOR
• ENERGY ie power needed
• LEVEL OF PRECISION IN THE MOTION
• FORCE NEEDED
• STROKE LENGTH
• ENVIRONMENT
HOW TO CHOOSE ACTUATORS FOR
APPLICATIONS
• SPEED NEEDED ( mentioned yesterday )
– ( How is the speed customized and achieved ? )
– By use of ……
• MOUNTING TYPE
• SPACE AVAILABLE
Variations of state of art actuators
• COMB ACTUATORS used for Micro or nano scale
movements / machining
• Trim actuators used in Aircrafts , Digital
micromirror device
• Electric motor , Electroactive polymer ,Hydraulic
cylinder Piezoelectric actuator , Plasma actuator
Pneumatic actuator
• Screw jack Servomechanism Solenoid Stepper
motor, Hydraulic actuators
• Shape-memory alloy Thermal bimorph
BENEFITS AND ADVANTAGES
• SAFE AND DURABE
• VERY LOW NOISE OR NOISELESS
• SIMPLE DESIGN LONG SERVICE LIFE
• INSTALLATION IS QUICK AND GENERALLY EASY
APPLICATION EG IN AUTOMOTIVES
PARKING BRAKE PEDAL
Fluid mechanics
CONTROLS
Classifications based on need
• DIRECTION CONTROL
• CONTROL OF PRESSURE
• CONTROL OF FLOW
• CONTROL OF DISPLACEMENT / POSITION
• CONTROL OF METHOD OF MOVEMENT
VARIATIONS OF THE ABOVE
Actuators -1
PRESSURE CONTROL
Pressure valves and Pressure Control
• The valves enable the regulation of system
pressure to adjust the force on a hydraulic
piston rod or the torque on a hydraulic motor
shaft. Pressure relief valves are used to set the
maximum pressure in the circuit and protect it
from overloading.
Pressure valves
• Pressure reducing valves permanently
maintain the output pressure at the set
value while protecting the appliance
from overloading.
Pressure control valve types
• Relief Valves,
• Poppet Type,
• Direct Acting,
• Cartridges
• Or hybrid varieties of the above.
Pressure relief valve
Pressure Relief Valves
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=deskto
p&v=n3xcv1BKbrc
SESSION BREAK -1
• END OF SESSION -1
• PROCEED TO SESSION ACTUATORS-2
THANKS FOR LISTENING
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