Computer Networks
nd
Year, 1st Semester
2
2020
Introduction Lab
Introduction to Cisco Packet Tracer and Setting up of a Simple LAN
** Follow the lab sheet and if you need any clarifications get assistance from a lab instructor.
Activity 1 – Familiarizing with Packet Tracer Interface
1. Open Cisco Packet Tracer from your start menu programs.
2. Verify the following controls and understand the functionality of each.
1 Menu Bar This bar provides the File, Edit, Options, View, Tools,
Extensions, and Help menus. You will find basic commands such
as Open, Save, Print, and Preferences in these menus. You will
also be able to access the Activity Wizard from the Extensions
menu.
2 Main Tool Bar This bar provides shortcut icons to the File and Edit menu
commands. This bar also provides buttons for Zoom, the drawing
Palette, and the Device Template Manager. On the right, you will
also find the Network Information button, which you can use to
enter a description for the current network (or any text you wish to
include).
3 Common Tools This bar provides access to these commonly used workspace tools:
Bar Select, Move Layout, Place Note, Delete, Inspect, Add Simple
PDU, and Add Complex PDU.
4 Logical/Physical You can toggle between the Physical Workspace and the Logical
Workspace and Workspace with the tabs on this bar.
Navigation Bar
In Logical Workspace, this bar also allows you to navigate through
levels of a cluster, create a New Cluster, Move Object, Set Tiled
Background, and Viewport.
In Physical Workspace, this bar allows you to navigate through
physical locations, create a New City, create a New Building,
create a New Closet, Move Object, apply Grid to the background,
Set Background, and go to the Working Closet.
5 Workspace This area is where you will create your network, watch simulations,
and view many kinds of information and statistics.
6 Realtime/Simulation You can toggle between Realtime Mode and Simulation Mode with
Bar the tabs on this bar. This bar also provides buttons to Power Cycle
Devices as well as the Play Control buttons and the Event List
toggle button in Simulation Mode. Also, it contains a clock that
displays the relative Time in Realtime Mode and Simulation
Mode.
7 Network This box is where you choose devices and connections to put into
Component Box the workspace. It contains the Device-Type Selection Box and the
Device-Specific Selection Box.
8 Device-Type This box contains the type of devices and connections available in
Selection Box Packet Tracer. The Device-Specific Selection Box will change
depending on which type of device you choose.
9 Device-Specific This box is where you choose specifically which devices you want
Selection Box to put in your network and which connections to make.
10 User Created This window manages the packets you put in the network during
Packet simulation scenarios.
Window
Activity 2 - Adding devices in to
the Workspace
1. Choose a device type from the Device-
Type Selection box.
2. Click on the desired device model from
the Device-Specific Selection box.
3. Click on a location in the workspace to
put your device in that location.
4. If you want to cancel your selection,
press the Cancel icon for that device.
5. Alternatively, you can click and drag a
device from the Device-
SpecificSelection box onto the
workspace.
6. You can also click and drag a device
directly from the Device-Type Selection
box and a default device model will be
chosen for you.
Activity 3 – Adding additional modules to devices
1. Click on a device to bring up its configuration window.
2. By default, you will be in the Physical Device View subpanel of the device.
3. You can browse (by clicking) through the list of modules and read their description in the
information box at the bottom.
4. When you have found the module you want to add, simply drag it from the list into a
compatible bay on the device picture.
5. You can remove a module by dragging it from the device back into the list.
Activity 4 – Making Connections
1. To make a connection between two devices, first click the Connections icon from the
Device-Type Selection box to bring up the list of available connections.
2. Then click the appropriate cable type.
3. The mouse pointer will change into a "connection" cursor.
4. Click on the first device and choose an appropriate interface to which to connect.
5. Then click on the second device and do the same.
6. A connection cable will appear between the two devices, along with link lights showing the
link status on each end (for interfaces that have link lights).
Note: Alternatively you can choose the Automatically Choose Connection Type option
whichwill automatically select the cable type and ports for you.
Activity 5 – Setup a simple LAN
1. Prepare the simple LAN shown in above diagram in your Workspace.
2. Configure the following IP addresses in the PCs.
PC IP Address Subnet Mask
PC0 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
PC1 192.168.10.2 255.255.255.0
PC2 192.168.10.3 255.255.255.0
PC3 192.168.10.4 255.255.255.0
PC4 192.168.10.5 255.255.255.0
Note:
To set the IP address, click on the PC, then
select the Desktop tab and click on the
IPConfiguration option.
3. Use the ping command to verify whether you can communicate from each PC to every other
PC.
Activity 6 – Working with the Simulation mode
1. Go to Simulation mode.
Auto Capture / Play
Simple PDU
2. Click on Simple PDU, and then click on PC0 (source) and then click on PC4 (destination).
3. Now the simulation is ready. To start the simulation press Auto Capture/Play button. You
can also navigate back and forth the simulation steps using Back and Capture/Forward
buttons respectively. To reset the simulation to beginning you can use the Reset Simulation
button.
4. Carefully observe how the packet is transferred to the destination (PC4) and how the reply
comes back to source (PC0).
Note:
Carefully observe the functional difference between Switch and Hub. Hub sends all the packets it
receives to all the PCs while Switch is transferring the packets only to the intended destination
Activity 7 – Saving your work
Save your Packet Tracer workspace and configurations. Packet Tracer files will be saved with
.pkt extension.
Activity 8 - Introduction to the Routers
User vs. Privileged Mode
User mode is indicated with the ‘>’ next to the router name. You can look at settings but can not
make changes from user mode. In Privilege mode (indicated by the '#') you can do additional
tasks than user mode. To get into privilege mode the keyword is ‘enable’.
Router >
Router > enable
Router #
HELP
To view all commands available from this mode, type ‘?’ and press Enter Key. This will give
you the list of all available commands for the router in your current mode. You can also use the
question mark after you have started typing a command. For example if you want to use a show
command but you do not remember which one it is, type ‘show ?’. This will output all
commands that you can use with the show command.
Router#show ?
access-lists List access lists
arp Arp table
cdp CDP information
clock Display the system clock
controllers Interface controllers status
crypto Encryption module
debugging State of each debugging option
dhcp Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol status
flash: display information about flash: file system
frame-relay Frame-Relay information
history Display the session command history
--More—
Configuration Mode
From privilege mode, you can enter to the configuration mode by typing ‘configure terminal’. To
exit configuration mode, type ‘exit’ or <CTL>+z
Router#configure terminal
Router( config)#exit
Running Configuration
The currently active configuration script running on the router is referred to as the 'running
configuration’ on the routers command-line interface. Note the privilege mode required. The
running configuration script is not automatically saved on a Cisco router, and will be lost in the
event of power failure. The running configuration must be manually saved with the 'copy'
command (discussed in a later lab).
Router#show running-config
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 514 bytes
!
version 12.2
no service password-encryption
!
hostname Router
!
!
!
!
!
ip ssh version 1
!
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
no ip address
duplex auto
speed auto
shutdown
!
interface FastEthernet1/0
no ip address
duplex auto
speed auto
shutdown
!
interface Serial2/0
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface Serial3/0
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface FastEthernet4/0
no ip address
shutdown
!
interface FastEthernet5/0
no ip address
shutdown
!
ip classless
!
!
!
line con 0
line vty 0 4
login
!
!
end
Router#
Command history
The routers Command Line Interface (CLI) maintains by default the last 10 commands you have
entered in memory, for later retrieval. You can change this default value. You cycle through
previous router commands entered (since the last power loss), using one of two methods. To
view all of the past commands still in router memory at the same time, use the 'show history'
command. For single line retrieval, use either the Arrow-Up (for previous command) and Arrow
Down (for next command), or Control-P(for previous command)and Control-N(for next
command).
Router>show history
show version
show protocols
show flash
enable
show running-config
disable
show history
