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© Copyright: Federación Española de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educación Física (FEADEF) ISSN: Edición impresa: 1579-1726. Edición Web: 1988-2041 (https://recyt.fecyt.es/index.php/retos/index)

Analysis of injury characteristics in youth elite football athletes in Indonesia

Análisis de las características de las lesiones en deportistas juveniles de fútbol de élite en Indonesia
*, ******Benidektus Adi Prianto, ** Tommy Apriantono, ***, *****Hamidie Ronald Daniel Ray, ****Nur Luthfiatus Solikah
*Bintang Physio Clinic (Indonesia), **Bandung Institute of Technology (Indonesia), ***Indonesia University of Education
(Indonesia), ****State University of Surabaya (Indonesia), *****Kanazawa University (Japan),
******Persib Bandung Football Club (Indonesia)

Abstract. Background: Football is the most popular sport globally, with approximately 200,000 professional players and 240 million
amateur players. It is a high-intensity intermittent sport that can lead to fatigue, increasing the risk of injury. Unfortunately, injuries in
young athletes are still not widely studied, making not much data available. This study tries to fill the gap by investigating the
characteristics of injuries in young football athletes in Indonesia. In addition, it attempts to determine the relationship between BMI,
exposure time to training and matches on injuries. Methods: This study used a retrospective cohort design with a survey method on
EPA (Elite Pro Academy) U14, U16, and U18 youth football athletes from 18 teams in each age group. The data were collected from
838 young footballers as the sample. Results: This study found no association between BMI and injury (p > 0.05), while exposure time
did have an association with injury (p < 0.05). Based on the injury location, sports injuries were mostly found in the ankle 273 (39%).
The highest injury type was contusion 36%, followed by strain 25% and sprain 18%. Regarding severity, most cases were classified as
minor injuries (4-7 days), with 299 (43%). The defender position had the most injuries, 188 (35%). Osgood Schlatter was most
prevalent in athletes aged 13, with 29 cases. Meanwhile, the total injury incidence is 3.9/1000 hours. Conclusions: This study found
that training exposure time was associated with the number of injuries. It also recorded that most injuries occur in the lower limbs,
especially ankle ligament injuries. The defender received high attention as it is considered the most vulnerable position. Finally, the peak
incidence of Osgood Schlatter occurred at the age of 13.
Keywords: sports injuries, injury incidence, youth football athletes, Osgood Schlatter

Resumen. Antecedentes: El fútbol es el deporte más popular a nivel mundial, con aproximadamente 200.000 jugadores profesionales
y 240 millones de jugadores aficionados. Es un deporte intermitente de alta intensidad que puede provocar fatiga, aumentando el riesgo
de lesiones. Desafortunadamente, las lesiones en los atletas jóvenes aún no se han estudiado ampliamente, por lo que no hay muchos
datos disponibles. Este estudio intenta llenar este vacío investigando las características de las lesiones en jóvenes deportistas de fútbol
en Indonesia. Además, se intenta determinar la relación entre el IMC, el tiempo de exposición a los entrenamientos y los partidos sobre
las lesiones. Métodos: Este estudio utilizó un diseño de cohorte retrospectivo con un método de encuesta a atletas de fútbol juvenil de
la EPA (Elite Pro Academy) U14, U16 y U18 de 18 equipos en cada grupo de edad. Los datos se recogieron de 838 jóvenes futbolistas
como muestra. Resultados: Este estudio no encontró asociación entre el IMC y la lesión (p > 0,05), mientras que el tiempo de
exposición sí tuvo asociación con la lesión (p < 0,05). Según la localización de la lesión, las lesiones deportivas se encontraron
principalmente en el tobillo 273 (39%). El tipo de lesión más frecuente fue la contusión (36%), seguida de la distensión (25%) y el
esguince (18%). En cuanto a la gravedad, la mayoría de los casos se clasificaron como lesiones leves (4-7 días), con 299 (43%). La
posición de defensa fue la que tuvo más lesiones, 188 (35%). Osgood Schlatter fue más frecuente en deportistas de 13 años, con 29
casos. Mientras tanto, la incidencia total de lesiones es de 3,9/1.000 horas. Conclusiones: Este estudio encontró que el tiempo de
exposición al entrenamiento estaba asociado con el número de lesiones. También registró que la mayoría de las lesiones ocurren en las
extremidades inferiores, especialmente las lesiones de ligamentos del tobillo. El defensor recibió mucha atención porque se considera
la posición más vulnerable. Finalmente, el pico de incidencia de Osgood Schlatter se produjo a la edad de 13 años.
Palabras clave: lesiones deportivas, incidencia de lesiones, deportistas de fútbol juvenil, Osgood Schlatter

Fecha recepción: 20-12-23. Fecha de aceptación: 14-03-24

Benidektus Adi Prianto
[email protected]

Introduction 2009). Injury is often found and considered to inhibit young

athletes from improving their performance and reaching
Football is the most popular sport in the world, with their highest potential. This risk should be analyzed and
about 200,000 professional players and 240 million amateur reduced to control the incidence of injury. The analysis
players. This sport is often used to engage in physical begins by identifying factors that cause the athletes to be
activities in the community, especially for children. It is injured. The factors are twofold: intrinsic and extrinsic
good for health purposes and sometimes used as a factors. The intrinsic factors come from the athletes
competition for young athletes for achievement. It themselves, such as the calculation of anthropometry,
promotes positive effects such as psycho-social, self- nutrition, and psychological factors. On the other hand,
development, and reduced alcohol consumption. there are extrinsic factors, such as environment, weather,
Nevertheless, excessive intensity may have negative effects, equipment, and exercise intensity (Saragiotto et al., 2014).
like failure, injury, and fatigue (Malm et al., 2019). Football Injury incidents in football have been extensively
is a high-intensity intermittent sport that uses both aerobic investigated in several studies. The studies vary greatly
and anaerobic energy systems (Hulton et al., 2022). depending on the focus of the research, such as the
Because this sport requires high energy, it potentially leads definition of injury, player characteristics, and study design
to fatigue, which can increase the risk of injury (Small et al., (Junge & Dvorak, 2004). Although research on injuries in

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senior elite athletes has been well explored, there is still Method
little scientific evidence for young players. Hence, further
research on the injuries of young players is needed to This study used a retrospective cohort design. It
understand the existing problem and find a solution based employed a survey method analyzed descriptively to
on scientific evidence (Light et al., 2021). One of the most determine the injury characteristics of football athletes
common specific injuries to young athletes is Osgood during a certain period (Prieto & Prietoandreu, 2015).
Schlatter, an injury that occurs due to the pull of the patellar
tendon on the tibial tuberosity bone during the growth Sample
period because the bone has not fully matured (apophysitis) The sample of this study were EPA (Elite Pro Academy)
(Corbi et al., 2022). This injury is mainly found in children male football athletes U14, U16, and U18. They were
aged 12-17 years old. According to (Schultz et al., 2022),
chosen using a purposive sampling technique. They
Osgood Schlatter is the cause of the highest knee pain in
comprised 18 teams competing in a young Indonesian
young athletes. Thus, data on the prevalence and the
incidence of injury is required and should be continuously football league in October - December 2022. These players
produced in order to develop preventive programs. For this were managed by football clubs that competed in the first
reason, this study intends to analyze the injury survey to league of Indonesia. The sample in this study was selected
gather data and draw conclusions that can be used as the based on the inclusion criteria that the researchers have
basis of an injury prevention program. To create an injury determined in advance: (1) Elite Pro Academy football
prevention program, several stages should be done, such as athletes, (2) aged 12-19 years. Meanwhile, the exclusion
(1) identifying problems (prevalence and incidence of criterion was (1) players who did not attend football
injuries), (2) identifying the causes and mechanisms of training in the last one month. After considering the
injustice, (3) implementing intervention strategies aimed at exclusion criteria, this study recruited 893 participants who
prevention; and (4) measuring of the effectiveness of the met the inclusion criteria.
intervention strategy applied (Van Mechelen et al., 2019).
This study aimed to fill the empirical gap by investigating
Research Ethics
the characteristics of injuries among young football athletes
This research was ethically licensed under regulation
in Indonesia. It also tried to discover the relationship
No. 25/KEPK/EC/X/2022 and was approved on the
between injuries and BMI, exposure time to training, and
matches. In addition, it sought to understand how the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was required
incidence rate indicated Osgood Schlatter's injury in every time data were collected from team managers and
younger football athletes. Therefore, researchers focused on individual players.
analyzing and identifying data on the prevalence and
incidence of injuries that occur in young football athletes by Data Collection
looking at various factors such as exposure time and playing Data in this study were collected using questionnaires
position. This topic is still rarely discussed, especially in adapted from (Fuller et al., 2006). During data collection,
Indonesia. Using these data, an injury prevention program the researchers explained how to fill out the questionnaire.
can be established to reduce the risk of injury, which is The researchers were also assisted by the physiotherapist or
useful to the coaches, the medical staff, and the athletes. doctor team, which was in charge of each team academy in
Jakarta, Indonesia. The questionnaires were distributed to
Table 1. the participants by the physiotherapist and doctor team
Operational Definition supervised by the researchers. The questionnaire focused
Any physical complaint sustained by a player that resulted
from a football match or football training and led to the on the following indicators: injury location, number of
Injury
player being unable to take full part in future football games, number of training sessions, position of play, and
training or match play.
Team training that involved physical activity under the
body weight. The detailed flow of the research design can
Training session be seen in Figure 1.
supervision of the coaching staff.
Match Competitive or friendly match against another team.
Exposure Time Time spent on training or match.
Normal BMI Normal value is
(Body Mass Index) 18.5-24.9 (Normal).
Abnormal value is either
Abnormal BMI
< 18.5 (underweight) and
(Body Mass Index)
> 24.9 (overweight).
Number of injuries per 1000 player hours ((Σ injuries/Σ
Injury incidence
exposure hours) x 1000).
Minimal Injury (1-3 Days),
Minor Injury (4-7 Days),
Injury severity
Moderate Injury (8-28 Days),
Severe Injury (>28 Days).
Surgery history Players with history of surgery for injuries.
Divided to three parts: upper limbs, lower limbs, and head &
Injury location
spine.
Figure 1. Design of the research

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Statistic week had fewer injuries (56%) than those who practiced
The data analysis began by performing a descriptive more than 8 hours a week (69%). Finally, Table 2 informed
calculation to obtain the mean, standard deviation (mean ± participants dominant leg in the game, where third-quarter
SD), and percentages to describe the variable and participants (75%) used their right leg, while (12%) were
characteristics of injury (number (%)). To calculate injury left-leg athletes, and (13%) could use both legs.
incidence, this study used the following formula (Number
Table 3.
of injuries per 1000 player hours ((Σ injuries/Σ exposure Chi Square Test of BMI vs Injury and Exercise Exposure vs Injury
hours) x 1000)) (Ekstrand et al., 2021). A Chi-Square test Injured Non Injury
Variable (n = 838) p
was also conducted to examine the correlation between n Percentage n Percentage
BMI
injury, BMI, and exercise exposure. A significant level in this Normal 389 65,4% 206 34,6%
0,058
study was established at p < 0.05, analyzed by IBM SPSS Abnormal 142 58,4% 101 41,6%
Exercise Exposure
statistics version 26. </=8 hours/week 187 55,7% 149 44,3%
0,000*
>8 hours/week 344 68,5% 158 31,5%
(*) Significance <0,05
Result

As mentioned earlier, this study involved 893 Table 3 above reveals that the Chi-Square analysis does
participants. They were selected based on inclusion and not find a significant relationship between BMI and the
exclusion criteria. Among them, 838 football athletes met incidence of injury. It is different from training exposure
the inclusion criteria and thus progressed to the next stage. time, which is divided into two parts: those who train less
These athletes were reported to have been injured, were than or equal to 8 hours/week and those who train more
still injured, or had not been injured. In this study, 702 than 8 hours/week. The Chi-Square test generated a value
injury cases were found from 531 football athletes, which of p = 0.000 or a value <0.05, indicating that exercise
indicates that some of these athletes might have the injury exposure has a significant relationship with the participants’
more than once. injury. In other words, exercise exposure is more likely to
affect the incidence of injury.
Table 2.
Subject characteristics Table 4.
Variable (n=838) Value Injury characteristics
Age (years) 14,9 ± 1,5 Variable (n = 702) U-14 U-16 U-18 Total
Body Weight (kg) 55,9 ± 8,9 Time of injury
Height (cm) 168,0 ± 7,6 Match 100 (27%) 115 (32%) 149 (41%) 364 (52%)
Body Mass Index 19,7 ± 2,2 Exercise 80 (24%) 138 (41%) 120 (36%) 338 (48%)
Playing Position Severity
Goalkeeper 93 (11%) Minimal Injury (1-3 Days) 60 (33%) 66 (26%) 74 (28%) 200 (28%)
Survive 297 (35%) Minor Injury (4-7 Days) 72 (40%) 122 (48%) 105 (39%) 299 (43%)
Middle 274 (33%) Moderate Injury (8-28 Days) 24 (13%) 38 (15%) 50 (19%) 112 (16%)
Attack 174 (21%) Severe Injury (>28 Days) 24 (13%) 27 (11%) 40 (15%) 91 (13%)
Exercise Exposure Time Recurrent Injuries
< 8 hours/week Yes 33 (18%) 40 (16%) 37 (14%) 110 (16%)
Injury 187 (56%) No 147 (82%) 213 (84%) 232 (86%) 592 (84%)
No Injury 149 (44%) Surgery History
>8 Hours/week Yes 6 (3%) 10 (4%) 8 (3%) 24 (3%)
Injury 344 (69%) No 174 (97%) 243 (96%) 261(97%) 678(97%)
No Injury 158 (31%) Data is written as a number (% of total injuries)
Dominant limb
Right 629 (75%)
Left 99 (12%) While previous tables focus on the participants
Both 110 (13%) characteristics, Table 4 allows us to look closer at the
Data is written as mean ± standard deviation or number (% of variable value).
participants injury characteristics. For example, it provides
Table 2 above shows participants basic characteristics, information about the time they were injured divided into
which allows us to explore deeper analysis. For example, two groups: in training and in matches. The table indicates
the combination of the participants average weight (55.9 ± that participants had slightly more injuries in the match
8.9 kg) and height (168 ± 7.6 cm) generates a BMI of 19.7 (52%) than during training (48%). In terms of severity,
± 2.2. This BMI score means that the average athlete’s body most of the injuries were classified as minor injuries (43%),
weight has a normal BMI. The table also indicates the followed by minimum injuries (28%), moderate injuries
participants’ playing positions, which are dominated by (16%), and severe injuries (13%).
defenders at 297 (35%), followed by midfielders at 274 The table also shows that most participants (84%) did
(33%), strikers at 174 (21%), and goalkeepers at 93 (11%) not feel any recurrent injury, compared to (16%) who
as the lowest percentage. Based on training exposure time, responded to having felt it. Similarly, In the history of
subjects who practiced less than or equal to 8 hours per surgery, only 24 players (3%) had surgery before, while

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nearly all players (97%) have never had surgery for their Goalkeepers were found to be in the lowest position, with
injuries. (11%) injured.

Table 5.
Injury Location
Injury Location (n=702) U-14 U-16 U-18 Total
Lower Limbs
Ankle 62 (50%) 99 (57%) 112 (65%) 273 (39%)
Knees 34 (27%) 38 (22%) 35 (20%) 107 (15%)
Thighs 14 (11%) 25 (14%) 18 (10%) 57 (8%)
Pelvis 2 (2%) 1 (1%) 1 (1%) 4 (1%)
Calves 9 (7%) 7 (4%) 5 (3%) 21 (3%)
Feet 4 (3%) 4 (2%) 2 (1%) 10 (1%)
Upper Limbs
Wrist 29 (63%) 36 (55%) 37 (52%) 102 (15%)
Shoulders 10 (22%) 14 (22%) 24 (34%) 48 (7%)
Elbow 3 (7%) 3 (5%) 4 (6%) 10 (1%)
Hand 4 (9%) 12 (18%) 6 (8%) 22 (3%)
Head & Spine
Back 8 (89%) 14 (100%) 22 (88%) 44 (6%)
Head 1 (11%) 0 (0%) 3 (12%) 4 (1%)
Data is written as a number (% of total injuries) Figure 2. Injury incidence

Table 5 specifies where the injuries are located in the After understanding the characteristics of injuries
participants bodies. In this study, the most common injuries among young footballers, the study then continued
occurred in the lower limbs, especially in the ankle, with calculating the injury incidence. Figure 2 provides the
273(39%). The second most common locations were in the calculation result and reveals that the number of incidences
might differ across age groups. For instance, the injury
knee, with 107 cases (15%), and in the wrist at the upper
incidence in the U-14 athletes was 3.3/1000 hours. This
limb, with 102 cases (15%). Some participants also had number grew as the age increased and became 4.3/(1,000)
injuries in the shoulder with 48 cases (7%), the back part of hours in U-16 and 4.1/1000 hours in U-18. On average,
the head and spine with 44 cases (6%), and the head with the incidence of injuries was 3.9/1000 hours.
4(1%) injuries. Data appears similar across the U-14, U-16, `
and U-18 age groups.

Table 6.
Types of Injuries
Injury Type (n = 702) U-14 U-16 U-18 Total
Bruise (contusion) 68 (38%) 89 (35%) 94 (35%) 251 (36%)
Muscle (strain) 42 (23%) 72 (28%) 62 (23%) 176 (25%)
Ligaments (sprain) 34 (19%) 40 (16%) 51 (19%) 125 (18%)
Bones (fracture or apophysitis) 31 (17%) 41 (16%) 52 (19%) 124 (18%)
Dislocation 5 (3%) 11 (4%) 10 (4%) 26 (4%)
Data is written as a number (% of total injuries)

When looking at the type of injury, more than 30%

injuries occurred due to contusion, with 251 cases.
Meanwhile, a quarter of injuries were caused by muscle
strain, with 176 cases. Other types of injuries in this study
included ligaments (18%), bones (18%), and dislocation Figure 3. Osgood Schlatter indications
(4%).
As mentioned earlier, one of the injuries that is
Table 7. commonly suffered by young football athletes is Osgood
Injuries by playing position Schlatter. Similarly, Figure 3 illustrates that 88 participants
Playing position (n = 531) U-14 U-16 U-18 Total
Goalkeeper 15(10%) 18(9%) 27(14%) 61(12%) in this study had Osgood Schlatter's injury. In particular, the
Defender 56(39%) 60(31%) 72(37%) 188(35%) injury was prevalent among footballers aged 13-17, with the
Midfielder 44(31%) 71(37%) 55(28%) 170(32%)
Forward 28(20%) 42(22%) 42(21%) 112(21%) highest indications occurring at the age of 13, with a total
Data is written as a number (% of total injuries) of 29 people. In contrast, this injury was rarely suffered by
footballers aged 12, 18, and 19 in this study since the
Table 7 indicates the playing positions that are more occurrence was never above 2 cases.
vulnerable to injury. The data were taken from 531 players
with 702 injury cases. The study discovered that the most Discussion
vulnerable position to injury was defender (35%), followed
by midfielder (32%), and attacking players (21%). This research focuses on identifying problems and the

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prevalence of injuries among youth football athletes in were mainly classified as minor injuries (4-7 days), with 299
Indonesia. This investigation is important because empirical incidences (43%). It was followed by minimum injuries (1-
data on the incidence of sports injuries suffered by young 3 days) of 200 incidences (28%), moderate injuries (8-28
football athletes in developing countries is still very limited. days) with 112 (16%), and severe injuries with 91 cases
In fact, these data can support the development of injury (13%). However, results on the severity of the injury cannot
prevention programs (Ekegren et al., 2016), which, be compared between studies. It would be better if it is
therefore, can reduce the risk of injuries. Eventually, the compared with the same subjects but in different years or
coach’s program can run optimally and achieve the best seasons (Mallo et al., 2011).
performance. Playing positions in football are also interesting to
This study first investigated the participants injury discuss in this study. Every player usually has their favorite
characteristics. The study found that the injuries frequently playing position, and each position will affect the types of
occurred in the lower limbs (hips, thighs, knees, ankles, injuries. As an example, this study showed that the highest
ankle, and leg area), with a total of 472 (67%) injuries. This injury occurred to the defender (35%), while the lowest
finding was similar to previous studies, such as those by position was a goalkeeper (11%). Interestingly, this finding
Klein et al. (2017), who reported that their participants differs from the research revealed by Hall et al. (2022). In
frequently had injuries in this location, with a total their context, the most vulnerable position in the football
percentage of 70.7%. The finding seems reasonable because academy was a midfielder at 8.67/1000 hours. However,
the complexity of movements in the basic football the study is consistent regarding the incidence rate of
techniques is dominantly supported by foot works goalkeepers, which is always the lowest compared to every
(Firmansyah et al., 2024). Furthermore, football is a high- player in other positions.
intensity intermittent sport that uses both aerobic and The incidence of injuries in this study is 3.9/1000
anaerobic energy systems. High-intensity movement in hours. This important result is used to evaluate the
football will affect the greater loading of muscles and joints incidence rate of injury in young football athletes in
in the lower extremity area (Bangsbo, 2014). As a result, the Indonesia. Incidence values will also vary greatly according
risk of injuries to the lower limbs in football becomes to the research data obtained. In one study, the incidence of
higher. injuries was 42/1000 hours (Reis et al., 2015). As with the
More specifically, this study found that ankles (39%) and data on the severity level, comparing injuries between
knees 107 (15%) were perceived as the most injured area. studies would be less effective. Comparisons will be better
As revealed in a previous study, injuries in young football if they are done on the same subject or object in different
athletes in the U-17 and U-20 categories occurred mostly years or seasons so that there will be an increase or decrease
in the ankle and leg areas (Lima et al., 2021), although some in injury incidence. In this way, it would be easier to
also claim that professional football players were most often evaluate.
injured in the knee around 21.3% and thighs 15.4% (Stubbe In addition to some injuries above, there is one injury
et al., 2015). Ankle injuries are closely related to balance that really often happens with young athletes, namely
and stabilization, which are used to maintain a center of Osgood Schlatter. In this study, the researchers searched for
gravity in the body when running or kicking. This is the number of athletes who experienced Osgood Schlatter
indicated by research stating that balance exercise is cases. The result was that 88 participants suffered this injury,
important in reducing the risk of ankle injury (Felipe et al., with the peak incidences occurring at 13 years old. This
2023). Other scholars (Calloway et al., 2019) believed that finding is in accordance with previous research, which
poor field conditions, such as wavy, hard, and uneven stated that the peak of Osgood Schlatter occurred at 9-15
natural or synthetic fields, may contribute to the risk factors years old (de Schepper et al., 2022). These injuries are
for ankle injuries that are influenced by balance and closely related to recurring movements such as jumping,
stabilization. Therefore, an athlete’s ability to balance and running, and kicking (Itoh et al., 2018). In addition, with
stabilize is really needed to prevent football athletes from movements performed in football, it is natural for this case
twisting their ankles. to be cautious. Proper training programming can help
Moving to the type of injury, this study discovered that reduce the incidence of these injuries. Currently,
the highest result was contusion, with 251 cases (36%). It researchers are still using retrospective cohort study
was followed by muscle injuries in 176 cases (25%) and research design in the collection of research data, and it is
ligaments in 125 cases (18%). This finding confirmed the expected that the future could be done using the design of
results of previous studies, such as those by Nilsson et al. a prospective Cohort Study that is better recognized in the
(2016), who found that more than half of their participants study of sports injury surveys. This can be achieved if
were injured in muscles (53%) and ligaments (24%). The Indonesia already has its own Injury Surveillance System
data distribution of muscle injuries is quite broad to various that can be applied to any sport rather than just football
body locations. However, injury in the ligaments occurs because the injury recording system has been common even
very frequently in the ankle. It is not surprising that ankle since decades ago in some developed countries (Ekegren et
sprain was reported as the highest injury in this study. al., 2016). It is important to analyze and conduct further
In terms of severity, this study reported that the injuries research on the injury data that occurred in each sport.

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Schlatter Disease: Appearance, Diagnosis and
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exposure time, injury location, type of injury, severity of Ekstrand, J., Spreco, A., Bengtsson, H., & Bahr, R. (2021).
injury, incidence of injury, and special injuries in young Injury rates decreased in men’s professional football: An
athletes, namely Osgood Schlatter. Based on these findings, 18-year prospective cohort study of almost 12 000
the researchers recommend that athletes maintain their injuries sustained during 1.8 million hours of play.
muscle strength, balance, and stability, especially in the British Journal of Sports Medicine, 55(19), 1084–1091.
lower limbs, in order to reduce the risk of injury. At the same https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2020-103159
time, the coaches are expected to create an optimal program Felipe, A., Hurtado, V., Alejandro, D., & Mayorga, J.
and implement an injury prevention program in their (2023). Effects of strength training on ankle injuries in
training sessions to control the risk of injury in young soccer players: a systematic review Efectos del
football athletes. For sports researchers and practitioners, it entrenamiento de fuerza en lesiones. In Retos (Vol. 49).
is very important to develop an ISS (Injury Surveillance https://recyt.fecyt.es/index.php/retos/index
System) in Indonesia so that sports injury data can be Firmansyah, A., Reza Aziz Prasetya, M., Arif Al Ardha, M.,
recorded properly, not only in football but for all sports. Ayubi, N., Bayu Putro, A., Cholik Mutohir, T., Garcia
The best design in this research model is a prospective Jimenez, J. V, & Nanda Hanief, Y. (2024). The Football
cohort study that must be supported by a good ISS and also Players on Plyometric Exercise: A Systematic Review
supported by policymakers. It is expected that research on Entrenamiento pliométrico en jugadores de fútbol: Una
sports injuries will continue in order to control the Revisión Sistemática. In Retos (Vol. 51).
incidence of sports injuries in Indonesia. https://recyt.fecyt.es/index.php/retos/index
Fuller, C. W., Ekstrand, J., Junge, A., Andersen, T. E., Bahr,
Acknowledgements R., Dvorak, J., Hägglund, M., McCrory, P., &
Meeuwisse, W. H. (2006). Consensus statement on
We thank all participating clubs from EPA (Elite Pro injury definitions and data collection procedures in
Academy) league U14, U16, U18 conducted by PSSI (the studies of football (soccer) injuries. In British Journal of
Indonesian Football Association) season 2022/2023. All of Sports Medicine (Vol. 40, Issue 3, pp. 193–201).
the team doctor, physiotherapist, coaches and players, for https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2005.025270
the contributions in this research. Hall, E. C. R., Larruskain, J., Gil, S. M., Lekue, J. A.,
Baumert, P., Rienzi, E., Moreno, S., Tannure, M.,
Conflict of Interests Murtagh, C. F., Ade, J. D., Squires, P., Orme, P.,
Anderson, L., Whitworth-Turner, C. M., Morton, J. P.,
The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Drust, B., Williams, A. G., & Erskine, R. M. (2022).
Playing Position and the Injury Incidence Rate in Male
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Datos de los/as autores/as y traductor/a:

Benidektus Adi Prianto [email protected] Autor/a

Tommy Apriantono [email protected] Autor/a
Hamidie Ronald Daniel Ray [email protected] Autor/a
Nur Luthfiatus Solikah [email protected] Autor/a
Mhsproofreading [email protected] Traductor/a

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