INDIAN SCHOOL AL WADI AL KABIR
Class: XII Department: SCIENCE 2022 – 23 Date of submission:
SUBJECT :CHEMISTRY 30.09.2022
Worksheet No: 05 Note:
WITH ANSWERS Chapter: d and f BLOCK ELEMENTS A4 FILE FORMAT
NAME OF THE STUDENT CLASS & SEC: ROLL NO.
1. Lanthanoid contraction is caused due to
a. the appreciable/large shielding on outer electrons by 4f electrons from the nuclear charge.
b. the appreciable shielding on outer electrons by 5d electrons from the nuclear charge.
c. the same effective nuclear charge from Ce to Lu.
d. the poor shielding on outer electrons by 4f electrons from the nuclear charge.
2. CrO42- (yellow) changes to Cr2O72- (orange) in pH = x and pH = y respectively
a. 6 and 8
b. 6 and 5
c. 8 and 6
d. 7 and 7
3. Which of the following does not show variable oxidation state?
a. Fe
b. Mn
c. Cu
d. Zn
4. The pair having similar magnetic moment is
a. Ti3+, V3+
b. Cr3+, Mn2+
c. Mn2+, Fe3+
d. Fe2+, Mn2+
5. Which is colourless in water?
a. Ti3+
b. V3+
c. Cr3+
d. Sc3+
6. Which among the following is the most basic hydroxide?
a. Ce(OH)3
b. Lu(OH)3
1
c. Yb(OH)3
d. Tb(OH)3
7. Which among the following statements is incorrect regarding interstitial compounds?
a. They retain metallic conductivity.
b. They are chemically reactive.
c. They are much harder than the pure metal.
d. They have higher melting points than the pure metal.
8. Assertion: Separation of Zr and Hf is difficult.
Reason: Zr and Hf lie in the same group of the periodic table.
a. Assertion and reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
b. Assertion and reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
c. Assertion is correct but reason is wrong.
d. Assertion is wrong but reason is correct
9. Assertion: Cu cannot liberate hydrogen from acids.
Reason: Because it has positive electrode potential.
a. Assertion and reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
b. Assertion and reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
c. Assertion is correct but reason is wrong.
d. Assertion is wrong but reason is correct.
10. Assertion: Actinoids form relatively fewer stable complexes as compared to lanthanoids.
Reason: Actinoids can utilize their 5f orbitals along with 6d orbitals in bonding in comparison to
lanthanoids usage of 4 f orbitals for bonding.
a. Assertion and reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
b. Assertion and reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
c. Assertion is correct but reason is wrong.
d. Assertion is wrong but reason is correct.
1 MARK QUESTIONS
11. The +3 oxidation of Lanthanum (Z = 57), Gadolinium (Z= 64) and Lutetium (Z = 71) are especially stable.
Why?
12. The first ionization enthalpies of 5d – series elements is higher than those of 3d and 4d series elements.
Why?
13. What are interstitial compounds? Give an example.
14. Permanganate titrations in presence of hydrochloric acid are unsatisfactory. Give reason.
2 MARKS QUESTIONS
15. Complete and balance the following chemical equations.
a. Fe2+ + MnO4- + H+ →
2
b. MnO4- + H2O + I- →
16. Justify the following statements.
a. Transition metals and the majority of their compounds act as good catalysts.
b. From element to element, actinoid contraction is greater than lanthanoid contraction.
17. a. Titanium shows a magnetic moment of 1.73 BM in its compound. What is the oxidation number of Ti in
the compound?
b. Calculate the number of moles of KMnO4 that is needed to react completely with one mole of sulphite ion
in acidic medium.
3 MARKS QUESTIONS
18. The elements of the 3d transition series are given as:
Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn
Answer the following:
i. Which element has the highest m.p and why?
ii. Which element is a strong oxidizing agent in +3 oxidation state and why?
iii. Which element is soft and why?
19. Account for the following statements.
a. La(OH)3 is more basic than Lu(OH)3.
b. Zn2+ salts are white.
c. Cu(I) compounds are unstable in aqueous solution and undergo disproportionation.
20. Observe the table given below belonging to 3d series, their first, second, third ionization enthalpy and E°
M2+ /M and E° M3+ /M2+ and answer the questions that follow based on table and related concepts/
a. Zinc has highest first ionization enthalpy? Give reason.
b. Why is E° Mn2+ /Mn = –1.18V?
c. Why is Mn3+ good oxidizing agent and E° Mn3+/Mn2+ = 1.57V?
5 MARKS QUESTIONS
21. Answer the following:
a. Compare the chemistry of the actinoids with that of lanthanoids with reference to
(i) Electronic configuration
(ii) Oxidation states
(iii) Chemical reactivity
b. Name a member of the lanthanoid series which is well known to exhibit +4 oxidation state.
c. Out of Mn3+ and Cr3+ , which is more paramagnetic and why?
(Atomic nos. Mn = 25, Cr = 24)
3
22. When chromite ore FeCr2O4 is fused with Na2CO3 in presence of air, a yellow coloured compound (A) is
obtained which on acidification with dilute sulphuric acid gives a compound (B). Compound (B) on
reaction with KC1 forms an orange coloured crystalline compound (C).
a. Write the formulae of the compounds (A), (B) and (C).
b. Write the reactions involved.
c. Write one use of compound (C).
PASSAGE BASED QUESTIONS
Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow:
The d-block of the periodic table contains the elements of the groups 3 to 12 and are known as transition
elements. In general, the electronic configuration of these elements is (n – 1) d1 – 10 ns1 – 2 . The d-orbitals of the
penultimate energy level in their atoms receive electrons giving rise to the three rows of the transition metals
i.e., 3d, 4d and5d series. However, Zn, Cd and Hg are not regarded as transition elements. Transition elements
exhibit certain characteristic properties like variable oxidation stables, complex formation, formation of
coloured ions, alloys, catalytic activity etc. Transition metals are hard (except Zn, Cd and Hg) and have a high
melting point.
23. Zn, Cd and Hg non-transition elements. Explain.
24. Which transition metal of 3d series does not show variable oxidation state?
25. Why do transition metals and their compounds show catalytic activity?
26. Why is Cu 2+ ion coloured while Zn 2+ ion is colourless?
27. Transition metals can form alloys. Give reason.
BOARD QUESTIONS
28. Complete the following equations.
i. Cr2O72- + 2OH-→
ii. MnO4- + 4H+ + 3e- →
iii. CrO42- + H+ →
29. Name the element of 3d transition series which shows maximum number of oxidation states. Why does it
show so?
30. a. Which metal in the first transition series (3d series) exhibits +1 oxidation state most frequently and why?
b. Which of the following cations are coloured in aqueous solutions and why?
Sc3+, V3+, Ti4+, Mn2+
(At. Nos. Sc = 21, V = 23, Ti = 22, Mn = 25)
31. Generally there is an increase in density of elements from titanium (Z = 22) to copper (Z = 29) in the first
series of transition elements.
32. Assertion: Highest oxidation states of d-block metals are usually seen in oxides and oxo anions.
Reason: Oxygen is capable of forming pπ – dπ bonds with transition metals
ANSWERS
1. d
2. c
4
3. d
4. c
5. d
6. a
7. b
8. b
9. a
10. d
11.
57La – [Xe] 5d1 6s2
64Gd – [Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2
71Lu – [Xe] 4f 145d1 6s2
If three electrons lost, La will have stable Xe configuration, Gd will have half filled stability, Lu will have
completely filled f14 electrons.
12. Because of weak shielding by 4f electrons, the first ionisation energy of 5d elements is higher than that of 3d
elements. This is owing to the greater effective nuclear charge acting on outer valence electrons.
13. Interstitial compounds are formed when very small atoms, such as hydrogen, nitrogen, and carbon, become
trapped inside the crystal lattices of metals. These chemicals are usually non-stoichiometric and not ionic or
covalent.
Eg. VH0.56 and TiH1.7
14.Because hydrochloric acid is oxidised to chlorine, permanganate titrations in the presence of the acid are
unreliable.
15.
a.
b.
16. a. Transition metals and their compounds are effective catalysts because of their ability to exhibit changing
oxidation states and form complexes, as well as the fact that they give a suitable surface for reaction to
occur. For example, in the contact process, vanadium oxide is used, while in Haber's Process, finely split
iron is used.
b. Due to inadequate shielding by 5f-electrons in actinoids compared to 4f-electrons in lanthanoids, actinoid
contraction is higher than lanthanoid contraction from element to element.
17. a. Magnetic moment is 1.73 BM. Hence one unpaired electron.
22Ti –
[Ar] 3d2 4s2
Ti - [Ar] 3d1
3+
5
b.
No of moles is 2/5 moles
18. i. Cr, 6 unpaired electrons, metallic bonds
ii. Mn, to attain d5 half-filled configuration
iii. Zn, no unpaired electrons, no metallic bonds.
19. a. Lu smaller size- Lanthanoid contraction, stronger bonds with OH- .
b. no unpaired electrons, no d d transition.
c. Cu+ is more unstable in aqueous solution than Cu2 + because, while copper's 2nd I.E. is considerable,
Cu2+ hydrations enthalpy is significantly lower than Cu+ , and so it more than compensates for copper's
2nd I.E. As a result, many Cu+ complexes in aqueous solution are unstable and disproportionate.
20. a. It is because Zn has completely filled ‘4s’ orbital which is stable
b. It is due to low enthalpy of atomization, sublimation enthalpy, ionization enthalpy.
c. It is because it can gain one electron easily to form Mn2+(3d5 ) which is more stable
21. (i) Electronic configuration: The electronic configuration of lanthanoids is
[Xe]4f1−14 5d0−1 6s2
The electronic configuration of actinoids is
[Rn]5f1−14 6d0−1 7s2
(ii) Oxidation states
Oxidation states: Due to the wide energy difference between the 4f and 5d subshells, lanthanoids have +2
and +4 oxidation states in addition to the +3 oxidation state. Due of the narrow energy difference between
the 5f and 6d subshells, actinoids have a high variety of oxidation states.
(iii) Chemical reactivity.
Lanthanoids with high electropositivity exhibit chemical reactivity that is almost identical. Actinoids
(electropositive and highly reactive) are more reactive than lanthanides (especially in finely split form).
b. Ce – [Xe] 4f1 5d16s2
c. Cr-3 unpaired electrons
Mn – 4 unpaired electrons Mn 3+is more paramagnetic
22. a. (A) – Na2CrO4
(B) - Na2Cr2O7
(C) – K2Cr2O7
b.
6
c.
C is used as a strong oxidising agent in acidic medium in volumetric analysis.
23. completely filled d orbitals in ground state as well as ionic state.
24. Sc
25. It is because they show variable oxidation state, can form intermediate complexes and have large surface
area for adsorption of gases.
26. It is because Cu2+ has one unpaired electron and undergoes d-d transition by absorbing light from visible
region and radiate blue colour, whereas Zn2+ is colourless due to absence of unpaired
27. similar atomic radii. 15% of each other
28. i
.
ii.
iii.
29. Mn because it has five unpaired electrons and 2 electrons in s-orbital which can take part in bond formation,
therefore, it shows maximum number of oxidation states. (s+d electrons).
30. a. Copper exhibits +1 oxidation state frequently due to stable electronic configuration.
b. V3+ and Mn2+ are coloured, due to the presence of unpaired electrons, they can undergo d-d transitions.
Others are colourless due to the absence of unpaired electrons and cannot undergo d-d transitions.
31. It is because atomic mass increases more than atomic volume, therefore, density increases from titanium
(Z = 22) to copper (Z = 29).
32. a. Assertion and reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
Prepared by Ms. Jasmin Joseph Checked by:HOD - Science
