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Storage Devices and Software lecture 4

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Storage Devices and Software lecture 4

Uploaded by

happyfour381
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1

Secondary Storage Devices

 A computer can function with only processing, memory, input, and output
devices.
 To make it useful we need a place to store data when they are not in use.
 Secondary storage holds long-term data.
 It stores data even when the machine is off, unlike primary storage. HDDs,
SSDs, CDs, DVDs, and USB drives are examples.

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Types of Secondary Storage Devices

 There are two main types of storage.


 Magnetic Storage
 Optical storage

 Magnetic disk store the data using magnetic field while optical disk store
data photo sensitive material and effect of light.
3
Floppy Disk

 Floppy Disk is also known as a floppy diskette. It is generally used on a personal


computer to store data externally.
 A Floppy disk is made up of a plastic cartridge and secured with a protective
case.
 Nowadays floppy disk is replaced by new and effective storage devices like USB

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4
Hard Disk

 Hard disk is a storage device (HDD) that stores and retrieves data using
magnetic storage.
 It is a non-volatile storage device that can be modified or deleted several times
without problem.
 Most computers and laptops have HDDs as their secondary storage device.
 It ranges from a few GBs to a few and more TB.

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5
Flash Memory

 It is a cheaper and more portable storage device.


 It is the most commonly used device to store data because is more reliable and
efficient as compared to other storage devices.
 Some of the commonly used flash memory devices are:

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Pen Drive

 It is also known as a USB flash drive that includes flash memory with an
integrated USB interface.
 We can directly connect these devices to our computers and laptops and
read/write data into them in a much faster and more efficient way.
 These devices are very portable. It ranges from 1GB to 256GB generally.
SSD (Solid State Drive)

 It stands for solid state drive , a mass storage device like HDD.
 It is more durable because it does not contain optical disks inside like hard disks.
 It needs less power as compared to hard disks, is lightweight, and has 10x
faster read and writes speed as compared to hard disks.
 But, these are costly as well.
SSD (Solid State Drive)

 While SSDs serve an equivalent function as hard drives, their internal


components are much different.
 Unlike hard drives, SSDs don’t have any moving parts and thus they’re called
solid-state drives. Instead of storing data on magnetic platters, SSDs store data
using non-volatile storage.
 Since SSDs haven’t any moving parts, they do not need to “spin up”. It ranges
from 150GB to a few more TB.
Memory Card

It is generally used in digital cameras. printers, game consoles, etc.


It is also used to store large amounts of data and is available in different sizes.
To run a memory card on a computer you require a separate memory card reader.
Optical Storage Devices

 Optical Storage Devices are also secondary storage devices. It is a removable


storage device. Following are some optical storage devices:
 CD: It is known as a compact disk.
 It contains tracks and sectors on its surface to store data. It is made up of
polycarbonate plastic and is circular in shape.
 CD can store data up to 700MB. It is of two types:
 CD-R
 CD-RW
DVD (Digital Versatile Disc)

 DVD: It is known as a Digital Versatile Disc.


 DVDs are circular flat optical discs used to store data.
 It comes in two different sizes one is 4.7GB single-layer discs and another one is
8.5GB double-layer discs.
 DVDs look like CDs but the storage capacity of DVDs is more than as compared
to CDs. It is of two types:
 DVD-R
 DVD-RW
Cloud And Virtual Storage

 Nowadays, secondary memory has been upgraded to virtual or cloud storage


devices.
 We can store our files and other stuff in the cloud and the data is stored for as
long as we pay for the cloud storage.
 Many companies provide cloud services largely Google, Amazon, Microsoft, etc.
We can pay the rent for the amount of space we need and we get multiple
benefits out of it.
Cloud And Virtual Storage

 Though it is being stored in a physical device located in the data centers of the
service provider, the user doesn’t interact with the physical device and its
maintenance.
14

Software

 Software is a set of programs designed to perform a well-defined


function. A program is a sequence of instructions written to solve a
particular problem.

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Types of Software

 There are two main types of Software

➢ System Software
➢ Application Software
16
System Software

 The system software is a collection of programs designed to operate,


control, and extend the processing capabilities of the computer itself.
 System software is generally prepared by the computer
manufacturers.
 These software products comprise of programs written in low-level
languages, which interact with the hardware at a very basic level.
 System software serves as the interface between the hardware and the
end users.
 Some examples of system software are Operating System, Compilers,
Interpreter, Assemblers,

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Feature of System Software

➢ Close to the system


➢ Fast in speed
➢ Difficult to design
➢ Difficult to understand
➢ Less interactive
➢ Smaller in size
➢ Difficult to manipulate
➢ Generally written in low-level language

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Application Software

 Application software products are designed to satisfy a particular need


of a particular environment.
 All software applications prepared in the computer lab can come under
the category of Application software.
 Application software may consist of a single program, such as
Microsoft's notepad for writing and editing a simple text.
Application Software

 It may also consist of a collection of programs, often called a software


package, which work together to accomplish a task, such as a
spreadsheet package.
Feature of Application Software

➢ Close to the user


➢ Easy to design
➢ More interactive
➢ Slow in speed
➢ Generally written in a high-level language
➢ Easy to understand
➢ Easy to manipulate and use
➢ Bigger in size and requires large storage space
Example of Application Software

• Payroll Software
• Student Record Software
• Inventory Management Software
• Income Tax Software
• Railways Reservation Software
• Microsoft Office Suite Software
• Microsoft Word
• Microsoft Excel
• Microsoft PowerPoint

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