QUI

Z(8604)
SAJJADAHMAD
From LIAQUATPUR
M.Sc.Mat hemati
cs(I
UB)
B.Ed.(AIOU)
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‫ﺍ‬‫ﺮﻣﺠﮫﺳﮯﺭ‬‫ﭘ‬
03006752459
 8604qui
zcor
rectanswer
s
1.Sur
vey
sty
pes

a)Thr
ee

b)Four

c)Ei
ght

d)Si
x SAJJAD

2.Oneoft
hemosti
mpor
tantusesofacor
rel
ati
oni
sit
spot
ent
ial
usei
n

a)Causal
inf
erences.

b)b.Det
ermi
ningdi
ff
erencesbet
weengr
oups.

c)c.Enhanci
ngi
nter
nal
val
i
dit
y.

d)d.Thepr
edi
cti
onoff
utur
eev
ent
s.SAJJAD

3.Non-
dir
ect
ivedept
hint
erv
iewi
sal
socal
l
ed_
___
___
___
___
_.

a)Ungui
dedi
nter
viewSAJJAD

b)Gui
dedi
nter
view

c)Panel
int
erv
iew

d)Noneoft
hese
4.Whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngi
sNOTast
rengt
hofexper
iment
alst
udi
es?

a)Repl
i
cabi
l
ity

b)Cont
rol
ofv
ari
abl
es.

c)Est
abl
i
shmentofcausal
li
nksbet
weenv
ari
abl
es.

d)Nar
rowdef
ini
ti
onofconcept
s.SAJJAD

5.Whi
chi
sthemet
hodofdet
ermi
net
heaut
hent
ici
tyofdat
a

a)ext
ernal
cri
ti
cism SAJJAD

b)i
nter
nal
cri
ti
cism

c)i
nter
view

d)obser
vat
ion

6.___
___
_____r
efer
stoi
nfer
ri
ngaboutt
hewhol
epopul
ati
onbasedont
he
obser
vat
ionsmadeonasmallpar
t.

a)Pseudo-
inf
erence

b)Obj
ect
ivei
nfer
ence

c)I
nduct
ivei
nfer
enceSAJJAD

d)Deduct
ivei
nfer
ence

7.Thest
udyofpastatv
erysmal
lscal
eiscal
l
ed

a)macr
ohi
stor
y

b)mi
crohi
stor
ySAJJAD

c)l
ocal
hist
ory

d)or
alhi
stor
y

8.Achi
evementt
est
sar
eal
soknownas……………

a)Test
sofpr
ofi
ciencySAJJAD
b)Testofr
eli
abi
l
ity

c)Testofaccessi
bil
i
ty

d)Noneoft
hese

9.………….
.isasegmentat
tachedatt
heendoft
het
hesi
siscal
l
ed

a)Ref
erence

b)Gl
ossar
y

c)Bi
bli
ogr
aphy

d)Appendi
xSAJJAD

10.…………….Studi
escol
l
ectdat
afor
m anumberofcasesatapar
ti
cul
ar
per
iodoft
ime

a)Cor
rel
ati
onal

b)Casual
compar
ati
ve

c) Exper
iment
al

d) Sur
veySAJJAD

11.Theprobabi
l
ityofsel
ect
ingani
tem i
npr
obabi
l
itysampl
i
ng,f
rom t
he
popul
ati
onknownandis

a) Equal
toone

b) Equal
tozer
o

c) Nonzer
oSAJJAD

d) Noneoft
hese

12.The………………scal
emeasur
ementhasascal
enat
ural
zer
o.

a) Rat
ioSAJJAD

b) Nomi
nal
c) Or
dinal

d) I
nter
val

13.Theey
ewi
tnessaccount
saboutpastev
ent
sar
ecal
l
ed

a) Fact
s

b) Pr
eli
minar
ysour
cesSAJJAD

c) Secondar
ysour
ces

d) Or
alsour
ces

14.Di
rectobser
vat
ioni
sa………….

a) Dat
a-gat
her
ingdev
iceSAJJAD

b) Const
ruct
iondev
ice

c) Bot
heaandb

d) Noneoft
hese

15.Therearevar
iousty
pesofresear
chdesi
gnst
oobtaindif
fer
entt
ypesof
i
nformation.Whatty
peofresear
chisusedt
odef
ineprobl
emsandsuggest
hypotheses?

a) Descr
ipt
iver
esear
chSAJJAD

b) Pr
imar
yresear
ch

c) Secondar
yresear
ch

d) Causal
resear
ch

16. Whi chamongt

hef
oll
owi
ngi
sthebenef
itofusi
ngsi
mpl
erandom
sampl
i
ng?

a) Ther
esul
tar
eal
way
srepr
esent
ati
ve

b) I
nter
viewer
scanchooser
espondent
sfr
eel
y
c) I
nfor
mant
scanr
efuset
opar
ti
cipat
es

d) Wecancal
cul
atet
heaccur
acyoft
her
esul
tsSAJJAD

17. Oneoft
hemosti
mpor
tantusesofacor
rel
ati
oni
sit
spot
ent
ial
usei
n

a) Causal
inf
erences

b) Det
ermi
ningdi
ff
erencesbet
weengr
oups

c) Enhanci
ngi
nter
nalv
ali
dit
y

d) Thepr
edi
cti
onoff
utur
eev
ent
sSAJJAD

‫ِﺱ‬
‫ﯿﮯﺍ‬
‫ﻠﺌ‬
‫ﻧﮯﮐ‬
‫ﺍ‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﻨ‬
‫ﻨﭧﺑ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺋ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﯾﻦﺍﺳ‬‫ﺮ‬
‫ﺘ‬‫ﮩ‬‫ﺭﺑ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﺎﯼﺍ‬
‫ﯿﺭ‬
‫ﻌ‬‫ﻣ‬
‫۔‬‫ﯾﮟ‬
‫ﺮ‬‫ﮧﮐ‬‫ﺑﻄ‬‫ﺍ‬
‫ﺮﻣﺠﮫﺳﮯﺭ‬‫ﺮﭘ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻧ‬
03006752459
18. ……………. .r
efer
stoi
nfer
ri
ngaboutt
hewhol
epopul
ati
onbasedont
he
obser
vat
ionsmadeonasmallpar
t

a) Pseudo-
inf
erence

b) Obj
ect
ivei
nfer
ence

c) I
nduct
ivei
nfer
enceSAJJAD

d) Deduct
ivei
nfer
ence

19. ………….I
susedasmet
hodol
ogyf
ort
ext
ual
anal
ysi
s

a) Heur
ist
ics

b) Her
meneut
icsSAJJAD

c) Hi
ghercr
it
ici
sm

d) Lowercr
it
ici
sm
20. Aptit
udetest
sseektoassesst
helevelof……………..t
hatani
ndi
vi
dual
canat
tai
ninsomepart
icul
aracademi
corvocati
onalf
iel
ds

a) Pr
ofi
ciency

b) Achi
evementSAJJAD

c) Rel
i
abi
l
ity

d) Noneoft
hese

21.Resear
chi
s

a) Sear
chi
ngagai
nandagai
n

b) Fi
ndi
ngsol
uti
ont
oanypr
obl
em

c) wor
kingi
nasci
ent
if
icwayt
osear
chf
ort
rut
hofanypr
obl
em SAJJAD

d) Noneoft
hese

22. At esti
ssai
dtobe………………i
gitgi
vest
hesamer
esul
tatdi
ff
erent
occasi
ons

a) Val
i
d

b) Rel
i
abl
eSAJJAD

c) Accessi
ble

d) Noneoft
hese

23. Whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngi
sthef
ir
stst
epi
nst
art
ingt
her
esear
ch
process

a) Sear
chi
ngsour
cesofi
nfor
mat
iont
olocat
epr
obl
em

b) Sur
veyofr
elat
edl
i
ter
atur
e

c) I
dent
if
icat
ionofpr
obl
em SAJJAD

d) Sear
chi
ngf
orsol
uti
onst
othepr
obl
em
23.Theessent
ial
qual
i
tiesofar
esear
cherar
e

a) Spi
ri
toff
reeenqui
ry

b) Rel
i
anceonobser
vat
ionandev
idence

c) Sy
stemat
izat
ionort
heor
izi
ngofknowl
edge

d) Al
ltheabov
eSAJJAD

24.Howmanyv
ari
abl
esar
etest
edatonet
imei
nacont
rol
l
edexper
iment

a) OneSAJJAD

b) Two

c) Thr
ee

d) Four

25.Acommont
esti
nresear
chdemandsmuchpr
ior
it
yon

a) Rel
i
abi
l
ity

b) Useabi
l
ity

c) Obj
ect
ivi
ty

d) Al
loft
heabov
eSAJJAD

26.Sampl
i
ngi
sadv
ant
ageousasi
t

a) Sav
est
ime

b) Hel
pincapi
tal
-sav
ing

c) Bot
haandbSAJJAD

d) I
ncr
easesaccur
acy

27. Resear
chthatisdonetoexaminethefi
ndi
ngsofsomeoneel
seusi
ng
the“samevari
ablesbutdi
ff
erentpeopl
e”i
swhichoft
hefol
l
owing?

a) Expl
orat
ion
b) Hy
pot
hesi
s

c) Repl
i
cat
ionSAJJAD

d) Empi
ri
cism

28.Repor
tisof
tenusedt
odi
spl
ayt
her
esul
tof

a) Exper
iment

b) I
nvest
igat
ion

c) I
nqui
ry

d) Al
loft
heseSAJJAD

29.Resear
chpr
ocessst
art
swi
th

a) Hy
pot
hesi
s

b) Exper
iment
stot
esthy
pot
hesi
s

c) Obser
vat
ionSAJJAD

d) Al
loft
hese

30.I
nrepor
twr
it
ing,
thel
anguageusedi
stobe

a) Loudl
y

b) Cl
ear

c) Whi
sper
s

d) Ambi
guousSAJJAD

31. ……………i sasetofcaref

ullyselect
edandorderedquesti
onspr
epar
ed
byt
her esear
chert
oseekfactuali
nformati
onf
rom respondent
s

a) Quest
ionnai
reSAJJAD

b) I
nter
view

c) Obser
vat
ion
d) Noneoft
hese

32.Nondi
rect
ivedept
hint
erv
iew i
sal
socal
l
ed

a) Ungui
dedi
nter
viewSAJJAD

b) Gui
dedi
nter
view

c) Panel
int
erv
iew

d) Noneoft
hese

33.Thecollect
ionofmemor
iesandper
sonalcomment
ari
esofapast
i
ncidenti
scall
ed

a) or
alhi
stor
ySAJJAD

b) l
ocal
hist
ory

c) nat
ural
hist
ory

d) nat
ional
hist
ory

‫ِﺱ‬
‫ﯿﮯﺍ‬
‫ﻠﺌ‬
‫ﻧﮯﮐ‬
‫ﺍ‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﻨ‬
‫ﻨﭧﺑ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺋ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﯾﻦﺍﺳ‬‫ﺮ‬
‫ﺘ‬‫ﮩ‬‫ﺭﺑ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﺎﯼﺍ‬
‫ﯿﺭ‬
‫ﻌ‬‫ﻣ‬
‫۔‬‫ﯾﮟ‬
‫ﺮ‬‫ﮧﮐ‬‫ﺑﻄ‬‫ﺍ‬
‫ﺮﻣﺠﮫﺳﮯﺭ‬‫ﺮﭘ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻧ‬
03006752459
34. ………………i
sthemet
hodofsel
ect
ionofsubj
ect
sfort
hest
udy

a) Gener
ali
zat
ionSAJJAD

b) Randomi
zat
ion

c) Cont
rol
ofdependentv
ari
abl
es

d) Noneoft
hese

35. Hi
stor
ical
cri
ti
cism i
sthe……ofpr
imar
ydat
a.
a) Assessment

b) Gener
ali
zat
ionSAJJAD

c) Ev
aluat
ion

d) al
loft
heabov
e

36. Whi
chonei
sNOTconsi
der
eddescr
ipt
iver
esear
ch?

a) Casest
udy

b) Obser
vat
ion

c) ANOVASAJJAD

d) Sur
vey

37. Thedi
ff
erencebet
weenast
ati
sti
candt
hepar
amet
eri
scal
l
ed:

a) Non-
random

b) Pr
obabi
l
ity

c) Sampl
i
nger
rorSAJJAD

d) Random

38. ………………. surv

eyarecol
lect
edthroughobser
vat
ions,
quest
ionnai
res,
i
ntervi
ews,st
andardizedt
est
sscor ecards,r
ati
ngscalesandotherdata
gather
ingt
echni
ques.

a) School
Sur
vey
s

b) Publ
i
cOpi
nionSur
vey
sSAJJAD

c) Communi
tySur
vey
s

d) Document
aryAnal
ysi
s

39.ReneDescar
tesisassoci
atedwi
thwhi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngappr
oached
toknowl
edgegener
ati
on?
a) Empi
ri
cism

b) Rat
ional
i
sm

c) Exper
topi
nionSAJJAD

d) Noneoft
heabov
e

40. Ther earevari

ousty
pesofresear
chdesi
gnst
oobt
aindi
ff
erentt
ypes
ofinfor
mation.Whattypeofresearchisusedtodef
inepr
oblemsand
suggesthy
potheses?

a) Descr
ipt
iveResear
chSAJJAD

b) Pr
imar
yresear
ch

c) Secondar
yresear
ch

d) Causal
resear
ch

41. A_
___
__i
sasubsetofa_
___
___
__.

a) Sampl
e,popul
ati
onSAJJAD

b) Popul
ati
on,
sampl
e

c) St
ati
sti
c,par
amet
er

d) Par
amet
er,
stat
ist
ic

42. Thegr
oupt
hatr
ecei
vest
heexper
iment
alt
reat
mentcondi
ti
oni
sthe
___
__.

a) Exper
iment
algr
oup

b) Cont
rol
groupSAJJAD

c) Par
ti
ci
pantgr
oup

d) I
ndependentgr
oup

43. ___
_____maypr ov
idet
hei
nvest
igat
oruni
quesi
tuat
iont
hatcanbe
usedt
otesthypot
heses:
a) Descr
ipt
ivest
udy

b) Casest
udySAJJAD

c) Hi
stor
ical
study

d) Noneoft
hese

44. Whichist
hebestt
ypeofr
esear
chappr
oachf
orgat
her
ingcausal
i
nfor
mat
ion?

a) Obser
vat
ional

b) I
nfor
mat
ive

c) Exper
iment
alSAJJAD

d) Sur
vey

45.Causal
compar
ati
vest
udi
eshav
esome………….

a) Li
mit
ati
onSAJJAD

b) Del
i
mit
ati
on

c) Bot
haandb

d) Ni
neoft
hese

‫ِﺱ‬
‫ﯿﮯﺍ‬
‫ﻠﺌ‬
‫ﻧﮯﮐ‬
‫ﺍ‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﻨ‬
‫ﻨﭧﺑ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺋ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﯾﻦﺍﺳ‬‫ﺮ‬
‫ﺘ‬‫ﮩ‬‫ﺭﺑ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﺎﯼﺍ‬
‫ﯿﺭ‬
‫ﻌ‬‫ﻣ‬
‫۔‬‫ﯾﮟ‬
‫ﺮ‬‫ﮧﮐ‬‫ﺑﻄ‬‫ﺍ‬
‫ﺮﻣﺠﮫﺳﮯﺭ‬‫ﺮﭘ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻧ‬
03006752459
46. Thegr
oupt
hatr
ecei
vest
heexper
iment
al t
reat
mentcondi
ti
oni
s
the……….
.

a) Exper
iment
algr
oup
b) Cont
rol
groupSAJJAD

c) Par
ti
cipantgr
oup

d) I
ndependentgr
oup

47. Ol
destandmostof
tenuseddev
icef
orobt
aini
ngi
nfor
mat
ion

a) Quest
ionnai
re

b) I
nter
viewSAJJAD

c) Obser
vat
ion

d) Noneoft
hese

48.Anhi
stor
ianr
eachedabr
oadconcl
usi
ononhi
swor
kiscal
l
ed

a) Theor
y

b) Gener
ali
zat
ionsSAJJAD

c) Concl
usi
on

d) For
mul
a

49.Hi
stor
ical
cri
ti
cism i
sthe…………ofpr
imar
ydat
a

a) Assessment

b) Gener
ali
zat
ion

c) Ev
aluat
ionSAJJAD

d) Al
loft
heabov
e

50.Thef
oll
owi
ngi
sast
epi
nthepr
ocessofhi
stor
ical
resear
ch

a) I
dent
if
yingar
esear
cht
opi
c

b) Dat
a

c) Dat
acol
l
ect
ion
d) Al
loft
heabov
eSAJJAD

1.A testissai
dto be_
___
__i
fitgi
vest
hesamer
esul
tondi
ff
erent
occasi
ons.

a)Val
i
d

b)Rel
i
abl
eSAJJAD

c)Accessi
ble

d)Noneoft
hese

2.Whi
chonei
sNOTconsi
der
eddescr
ipt
iver
esear
ch?

a)Casest
udy

b)obser
vat
ion

c)Anov
aSAJJAD

d)Sur
vey

3.Which i
sthe bestt
ype ofr
esear
ch appr
oach f
orgat
her
ing causal
i
nfor
mati
on?

a)Obser
vat
ional

b)I
nfor
mat
ive

c)Exper
iment
alSAJJAD

d)Sur
vey

4._
___
__i
sthemet
hodofsel
ect
ionofsubj
ect
sfort
hest
udy

a)Gener
ali
zat
ion

b)Randomi
zat
ionSAJJAD

c)Cont
rol
ofdependentv
ari
abi
es

d)Noneoft
hese
5._ __
__ar e coll
ect
ed t
hrough obser
vat
ions,quest
ionnai
res,i
nter
views,
standardi
zedt est
sscorecar ds,r
ati
ngscalesandot herdatagatheri
ng
techni
ques.

a)School
sur
vey
sSAJJAD

b)Publ
i
copi
nionsur
vey
s

c)Communi
tysur
vey
s

d)Document
aryanal
ysi
s

6.Hi
stor
ical
cri
ti
cism i
sthe_
___ofpr
imar
ydat
a.

a)Assessment

b)Gener
ali
zat
ion

c)Ev
aluat
ionSAJJAD

d)Al
loft
heabov
e

7._
____
_St
udi
escol
l
ectdat
afr
om anumberofcasesatapar
ti
cul
arper
iod
oft
ime.

a)Cor
rel
ati
onal

b)Casual
compar
ati
ve

c)Exper
iment
al

d)Sur
veySAJJAD

8.Repor
tisof
tenusedt
odi
spl
ayt
her
esul
tof

a)Exper
iment

b)I
nvest
igat
ion

c)I
nqui
ry

d)Al
loft
heseSAJJAD
9.Anhi
stor
ianr
eachedabr
oadconcl
usi
ononhi
swor
kiscal
l
ed

a)Theor
y

b)Gener
ali
zat
ionsSAJJAD

c)Concl
usi
on

d)For
mul
a

10.Thecollect
ionofmemor
iesandper
sonalcomment
ari
esofapast
i
ncidenti
scall
ed

a)Or
alhi
stor
y(Ri
ghtAnswer
)

b)Local
hist
ory

c)Nat
ural
hist
ory

d)Nat
ional
hist
ory

11.Thedi
ff
erencebet
weenast
ati
sti
candt
hepar
amet
eri
scal
l
ed:

Sampl
i
nger
rorSAJJAD

12.Thef
oll
owi
ngi
sast
epi
nthepr
ocessofhi
stor
ical
resear
ch.

a)I
dent
if
yingar
esear
cht
opi
cSAJJAD

b)Dat
a

c)Dat
acol
l
ect
ion

d)Al
loft
heabov
e

13.ReneDescar
tesisassoci
atedwi
thwhi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngappr
oached
toknowl
edgegener
ati
on?

a)Empi
ri
cism

b)Rat
ional
i
sm SAJJAD

c)Exper
topi
nion
d)Noneoft
heabov
e

14.Ol
destandmostof
tenuseddev
icef
orobt
aini
ngi
nfor
mat
ion.

I
nter
viewSAJJAD

15.A_
___i
sasubsetofa_
___
_.

a)Sampl
e,popul
ati
onSAJJAD

b)Popul
ati
on,
sampl
e

c)St
ati
sti
c,par
amet
er

d)Par
amet
er,
stat
ist
ic

‫ِﺱ‬
‫ﯿﮯﺍ‬
‫ﻠﺌ‬
‫ﻧﮯﮐ‬
‫ﺍ‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﻨ‬
‫ﻨﭧﺑ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺋ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﯾﻦﺍﺳ‬‫ﺮ‬
‫ﺘ‬‫ﮩ‬‫ﺭﺑ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﺎﯼﺍ‬
‫ﯿﺭ‬
‫ﻌ‬‫ﻣ‬
‫۔‬‫ﯾﮟ‬
‫ﺮ‬‫ﮧﮐ‬‫ﺑﻄ‬‫ﺍ‬
‫ﺮﻣﺠﮫﺳﮯﺭ‬‫ﺮﭘ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻧ‬
03006752459
16.Therearevari
ousty
pesofr
esear
chdesi
gnest
oobt
aindi
ffer
entt
ypes
ofinfor
mation.Whattypeofr
esear
chisusedtodef
ineprobl
emsand
suggesthy
potheses?

a)Descr
ipt
iveResear
chSAJJAD

b)Pr
imar
yresear
ch

c)Secondar
yresear
ch

d)Casual
resear
ch

17.____
_maypr ovi
det
hei
nvest
igat
oruni
quesi
tuat
iont
hatcanbeusedt
o
testhy
potheses:

a)Descr
ipt
ivest
udy

b)Casest
udySAJJAD
c)Hi
stor
ical
study

d)Noneoft
hese

18.Thegr
oupt
hatr
ecei
vest
heexper
iment
alt
reat
mentcondi
ti
oni
sthe
___
_

a)Exper
iment
algr
oupSAJJAD

b)Cont
rol
group

c)Par
ti
cipantgr
oup

d)I
ndependentgr
oup

19.Casual
compar
ati
vest
udi
eshav
esome_
___

a)Del
i
mit
ati
onSAJJAD

b)Li
mit
ati
on

c)A&
Bbot
h

d)Noneoft
hese

20.Thedegr
eetowhichthet
estact
ual
l
ysucceedsi
nmeasur
ingwhati
t
set
souttomeasur
eiscal
l
edit
s___
___
.

a)Rel
i
abi
l
ity

b)Ut
il
it
y

c)Val
i
dit
ySAJJAD

d)Noneoft
hese

21.Whi
chi
sthemet
hodofdet
ermi
net
heaut
hent
ici
tyofdat
a

a)Ext
ernal
cri
ti
cism SAJJAD

b)I
nter
nal
cri
ti
cism

c)I
nter
view
d)Obser
vat
ion

22.Ar
epor
toraccounti
san

a)I
nfor
mat
ional
wor
kSAJJAD

b)Techni
cal
wor
k

c)Pr
ofessi
onal
wor
k

d)Noneoft
hese

23.Whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngi
snotat
ypeofnon-
probabi
l
itysampl
i
ng?

a)Quot
asampl
i
ng

b)Conv
eni
encesampl
i
ng

c)Snowbal
lsampl
i
ng

d)St
rat
if
iedr
andom sampl
i
ngSAJJAD

24.Acommont
esti
nresear
chdemandsmuchpr
ior
it
yon

a)Rel
i
abi
l
ity

b)Useabi
l
ity

c)Obj
ect
ivi
ty

d)Al
loft
heabov
eSAJJAD

25.Whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngi
sthef
ir
stst
epi
nst
art
ingr
esear
chpr
ocess?

a)Sear
chi
ngsour
cesofi
nfor
mat
iont
olocat
epr
obl
em

b)Sur
veyofr
elat
edl
i
ter
atur
e

c)I
dent
if
icat
ionofpr
obl
em SAJJAD

d)Sear
chi
ngf
orsol
uti
onst
othepr
obl
em

26.Oneoft
hemosti
mpor
tantusesofacor
rel
ati
oni
sit
spot
ent
ial
usei
n
a)Casual
inf
erence

b)Det
ermi
ningdi
ff
erencesbet
weengr
oups

c)Enhanci
ngi
nter
nal
val
i
dit
y

d)Thepr
edi
cti
onoff
utur
eev
ent
sSAJJAD

27.Resear
chpr
ocessst
art
swi
th

a)Hy
pot
hesi
s

b)Exper
iment
stot
esthy
pot
hesi
s

c)Obser
vat
ionSAJJAD

d)Al
loft
hese

28._
___
_isasegmentat
tachedatt
heendoft
hesi
siscal
l
ed

a)Ref
erences

b)Gl
ossar
y

c)Bi
bli
ogr
aphy

d)Appendi
xSAJJAD

29.Whichamongt
hef
oll
owi
ngi
sthebenef
itofusi
ngsi
mpl
erandom
sampl
i
ng?

Wecancal
cul
atet
heaccur
acyoft
her
esul
tsSAJJAD

30.Sampl
i
ngi
sadv
ant
ageousasi
t__
__

a)Sav
est
ime

b)Hel
psi
ncapi
tal
-sav
ing

c)Bot
h(a)and(
b)SAJJAD

d)I
ncr
easeaccur
acy

31.Thedi
ff
erencebet
weent
heexpect
edv
alueofast
ati
sti
candt
hev
alue
oft
hepar
amet
erbei
ngest
imat
edi
scal
l
eda:

a)St
andar
der
ror

b)Bi
asSAJJAD

c)Sampl
i
nger
ror

d)Non-
sampl
i
nger
ror

32.___
_descri
besthepresentst
ateofaf
fai
rsasi
texi
stswi
thouthav
ing
anycontr
olov
ervar
iabl
es.

a)Anal
yti
cal
resear
ch

b)Descr
ipt
iver
esear
chSAJJAD

c)Appl
i
edr
esear
ch

d)Di
sti
nct
iver
esear
ch

‫ِﺱ‬
‫ﯿﮯﺍ‬
‫ﻠﺌ‬
‫ﻧﮯﮐ‬
‫ﺍ‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﻨ‬
‫ﻨﭧﺑ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺋ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﯾﻦﺍﺳ‬‫ﺮ‬
‫ﺘ‬‫ﮩ‬‫ﺭﺑ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﺎﯼﺍ‬
‫ﯿﺭ‬
‫ﻌ‬‫ﻣ‬
‫۔‬‫ﯾﮟ‬
‫ﺮ‬‫ﮧﮐ‬‫ﺑﻄ‬‫ﺍ‬
‫ﺮﻣﺠﮫﺳﮯﺭ‬‫ﺮﭘ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻧ‬
03006752459
33.Achi
evementt
est
sar
eal
soknownas_
___
.

a)Test
sofpr
ofi
ciencySAJJAD

b)Testofr
eli
abi
l
ity

c)Testofaccessi
bil
i
ty

d)Noneoft
hese

34.Whi
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngi
sNOTast
rengt
hofexper
iment
alst
udi
es?

a)Repl
i
cabi
l
ity
b)Cont
rol
ofv
ari
abl
es

c)Est
abl
i
shmentofcausal
li
nksbet
weenv
ari
abl
e

d)Nar
rowdef
ini
ti
onofconcept
sSAJJAD

35.Quest
ions,
thei
rsequenceandt
hei
rwor
dingar
efi
xedi
n?

a)Unst
ruct
uredi
nter
viewSAJJAD

b)St
andar
dizedi
nter
view

c)Bot
hoft
hem

d)Noneoft
hem

36.Non-
dir
ect
ivedept
hint
erv
iewi
sal
socal
l
ed_
___
_.

a)Ungui
dedi
nter
viewSAJJAD

b)Gui
dedi
nter
view

c)Panel
int
erv
iew

d)Noneoft
hese

37.Research and dev

elopmentbecome t
he i
ndex ofdevel
opmentof
countr
y.Which ofthef ol
lowi
ng r
easonsar
etruewi t
hregar
dstot hi
s
stat
ement?

a)Because R&
Dref
lectt
he t
rue economi
c and soci
alcondi
ti
ons
pr
evai
li
nginacountr
y

b)BecauseR&
Dtar
get
sthehumandev
elopment

c)BecauseR&Dcani
mpr
ovet
hest
andar
dofl
i
vingoft
hepeopl
eina
count
ry

d)Al
ltheabov
eSAJJAD

38.Themai
nconceptbehi
nddoi
ngr
esear
chi
sto

a)St
udyandexpl
oreknowl
edge
b)St
artwi
thapr
e-def
inedandcl
earcutobj
ect
ives

c)Al
ltheabov
eSAJJAD

39.Themai
npur
poseofr
esear
chi
neducat
ioni
sto_
___
__

a)I
ncr
easesoci
alst
atusofani
ndi
vi
dual

b)I
ncr
easej
obpr
ospect
sofani
ndi
vi
dual

c)Hel
pint
heper
sonal
growt
hofani
ndi
vi
dual

d)Hel
pthecandi
dat
ebecomeanemi
nenteducat
ioni
stSAJJAD

40.I
nrepor
twr
it
ing,
thel
anguageusedi
stobe

a)Loudl
y

b)Cl
earSAJJAD

c)Whi
sper
s

d)Ambi
guous

41.Exper
iment
alr
esear
chi
sai
medt
o:

a)Descr
ibev
ari
abl
es

b)St
udyt
heappl
i
cat
ionoft
heor
y

c)St
udyt
rendanal
ysi
s

d)Est
abl
i
shassoci
ati
onbet
weenv
ari
abl
esSAJJAD

42.Sur
vey
sty
pes

a)Thr
ee

b)Four

c)Si
xSAJJAD

d)Ei
ght
43.Resear
chthatisdonetoexaminethefi
ndi
ngsofsomeoneel
seusi
ng
the‘
’samevar
iabl
esbutdi
ff
erentpeopl
e’
’i
swhichoft
hefol
l
owing?

a)Expl
orat
ion

b)Hy
pot
hesi
s

c)Repl
i
cat
ionSAJJAD

d)Empi
ri
cism

44.Di
rectobser
vat
ioni
sa_
___
__

a)Dat
a-gat
her
ingdev
iceSAJJAD

b)Const
ruct
iondev
ice

c)Bot
ha&
b

d)Noneoft
hese

45.Inanexper
iment
,thev
ari
abl
ethati
sbei
ngmeasur
edi
sref
err
edt
oas
the…

a)Dependentv
ari
abl
eSAJJAD

b)Dependantv
ari
abl
e

c)Measur
ementv
ari
abl
e

d)I
ndependentv
ari
abl
e

46.Sampl
eisr
egar
dedasasubsetof
?

a)Dat
a

b)Set

c)Di
str
ibut
ion

d)Popul
ati
onSAJJAD

47.Theessent
ial
qual
i
tiesofar
esear
cherar
e
a)Spi
ri
toff
reeenqui
ry

b)Rel
i
anceonobser
vat
ionandev
idence

c)Sy
stemat
icort
heor
izi
ng

d)Al
ltheabov
eSAJJAD

48.Whichoft
hef
oll
owi
ngi
sNOToneoft
hekeychar
act
eri
sti
csofat
rue
exper
iment
?

a)Themeasur
ementofchangescausedbyt
hemani
pul
ati
onofav
ari
abl
e

b)Themani
pul
ati
onofav
ari
abl
e

c)Al
lpar
ti
cipant
sexper
ienceal
lexper
iment
alcondi
ti
onsSAJJAD

d)Hol
dingev
ery
thi
ngconst
antapar
tfr
om t
hev
ari
abl
ebei
ngmani
pul
ated

49.Theey
ewi
tnessaccount
saboutpastev
ent
sar
ecal
l
ed

a)Fact
s

b)Pr
eli
minar
ysour
cesSAJJAD

c)Secondar
ysour
ces

d)Or
alsour
ces

‫ِﺱ‬
‫ﯿﮯﺍ‬
‫ﻠﺌ‬
‫ﻧﮯﮐ‬
‫ﺍ‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﻨ‬
‫ﻨﭧﺑ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺋ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﯾﻦﺍﺳ‬‫ﺮ‬
‫ﺘ‬‫ﮩ‬‫ﺭﺑ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﺎﯼﺍ‬
‫ﯿﺭ‬
‫ﻌ‬‫ﻣ‬
‫۔‬‫ﯾﮟ‬
‫ﺮ‬‫ﮧﮐ‬‫ﺑﻄ‬‫ﺍ‬
‫ﺮﻣﺠﮫﺳﮯﺭ‬‫ﺮﭘ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻧ‬
03006752459
50.Amongt
hese,
whi
chsampl
i
ngi
sbasedonequal
probabi
l
ity
?

a)Si
mpl
erandom sampl
i
ngSAJJAD

b)St
rat
if
iedr
andom sampl
i
ng
c)Sy
stemat
icsampl
i
ng

d)Pr
obabi
l
itysampl
i
ng

51.The_
___scal
emeasur
ementhasanat
ural
zer
o.

a)Rat
ioSAJJAD

b)Nomi
nal

c)Or
dinal

d)I
nter
val

52.Thest
udyofpastatv
erysmal
lscal
eiscal
l
ed

a)Macr
ohi
stor
y

b)Mi
crohi
stor
ySAJJAD

c)Local
hist
ory

d)Or
alhi
stor
y

53.Resear
chi
s

a)Sear
chi
ngagai
nandagai
n

b)Fi
ndi
ngsol
uti
ont
oanypr
obl
em

c)Wor
kingi
nasci
ent
if
icwayt
osear
chf
ort
rut
hofanypr
obl
em SAJJAD

d)Noneoft
hese

54.Howmanyv
ari
abl
esar
etast
edatonet
imei
nacont
rol
l
edexper
iment
?

a)OneSAJJAD

b)Two

c)Thr
ee

d)Four
55.____ref
erstoinf
err
ing aboutthe whol
e popul
ati
on based on t
he
obser
vati
onsmadeonasmallpart.

a)Pseudo-
inf
erence

b)Obj
ect
ivei
nfer
ence

c)I
nduct
ivei
nfer
enceSAJJAD

d)Deduct
ivei
nfer
ence

56._
___
_isusedasmy
thol
ogyf
ort
ext
ual
anal
ysi
s

Her
meneut
icsSAJJAD

57.Ther
epor
tisal
way
swr
it
teni
n

a)Sequent
ial
mannerSAJJAD

b)I
rr
egul
armanner

c)Hor
izont
almanner

d)Dat
abi
asedmanner

58.Incr
easi
ngt
hesampl
esi
zehast
hef
oll
owi
ngef
fectupont
hesampl
i
ng
err
or?

a)I
tincr
easest
hesampl
i
nger
ror

b)I
treducest
hesampl
i
nger
rorSAJJAD

c)i
thasnoef
fectont
hesampl
i
ng

d)al
loft
heabov
e

‫ِﺱ‬
‫ﯿﮯﺍ‬
‫ﻠﺌ‬
‫ﻧﮯﮐ‬
‫ﺍ‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﻨ‬
‫ﻨﭧﺑ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺋ‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﯾﻦﺍﺳ‬‫ﺮ‬
‫ﺘ‬‫ﮩ‬‫ﺭﺑ‬
‫ﻭ‬‫ﺎﯼﺍ‬
‫ﯿﺭ‬
‫ﻌ‬‫ﻣ‬
‫۔‬‫ﯾﮟ‬
‫ﺮ‬‫ﮧﮐ‬‫ﺑﻄ‬‫ﺍ‬
‫ﺮﻣﺠﮫﺳﮯﺭ‬‫ﺮﭘ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻧ‬
03006752459
59.Thedi
str
ibut
iont
hati
sfor
medbyal
lpossi
blev
aluesofast
ati
sti
csi
s
knownas

Sampl
i
ngdi
str
ibut
ionSAJJAD

60.Whenoneexami
nest
heent
ir
epopul
ati
oni
nst
eadofasubgr
oupoft
he
popul
ati
ont
hisi
scal
l
eda

CensusSAJJAD

61.Theprobabi
li
tyofsel
ecti
ngani
tem i
npr
obabi
l
itysampl
i
ng,f
rom t
he
popul
ati
onisknownandis:

Equal
tozer
oSAJJAD

62.Heur
ist
icsi
sal
socal
l
ed

Ext
ernal
cri
ti
cism SAJJAD

63.Whi
chamongt
hef
oll
owi
ngi
scal
l
edpr
obabi
l
itysampl
i
ngmet
hod?

Sampl
i
ngr
andom SAJJAD

64.Throughwhichofthef
oll
owi
ngmet
hodsofr
esear
ch‘
causeandef
fect
rel
ati
onship’
isf
ocused?

a)Hi
stor
ical
met
hod

b)Descr
ipt
ivemet
hod

c)Exper
iment
alMet
hodSAJJAD

d)Casest
udymet
hod

65.Whati
sthenameoft
hev
ari
abl
echangedonpur
posei
ntheexper
iment
?

a)I
ndependentv
ari
abl
eSAJJAD

b)Dependentv
ari
abl
e

c)Cont
rol
l
edv
ari
abl
e

d)Noneoft
hese
66.__
___
_ _
__isasetofcaref
ull
yselect
edandor der
edquest
ionsprepared
byquest
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 8604

1. Sampling is advantageous as it ________ : (a) saves time (b) helps in capital saving (both (a) and (b))
2. ……….. is the method of selection of subjects for a study. (randomization)
3. A report or account is an: (informational work)
4. The collection of memories and personal commentaries of a past incident in called: (oral history)
5. The difference between the expected value of a statistic and the value of the parameter being estimated is called a: (bias)
6. Report is often used to display the result of :(a) experiment (b) investigation (c) inquiry (d) all of these (all of these)
7. --------------describes the present state of affairs as it exists without having any control over variables. (descriptive research)
8. Achievement tests are also known as _______ (test of proficiency)
9. Which of the following is NOT a strength of experimental studies? (Narrow definition of concepts)
10. Historical criticism is the ______ of primary data. (a) assessment (b) generalization (c) evaluation (all of the above)
11. Questions, their sequency and their wordings are fixed in ? (unstructured interview)
12. Non directive depth interview is also called ____________ (unguided interview)
13. Which is the method to determined the authenticity of data (external criticism)
14. The following is a step in the process of historical research. (a) identifying a research topic (b) data (c) data collection (all of
the above)
15. ------------ studies collect data from a number of cases at a particular period of time. (survey)
16. Research an development become the index of development of country. Which of the following reasons are true with
regards to this statement? (a) because research and development reflect the true economic and social conditions prevailing
in a country. (b) because research and development target the human development. (c) because research and development
improve the standard of living of the living of the people in a country. (all of these)
17. The main concept behind doing research is to: (a) study and explore knowledge (b) start with a pre-defined and clear cut
objectives (c) get new ideas (all of above)
18. The main purpose of research in education is to ____________ (help the candidate become an eminent educationist )
19. __________- may provide the investigator unique situation that can be used to test hypotheses: (case study)
20. Which of the following is the first step in starting the research process?(identification of problem)
21. In report writing, the language used is to be: (clear)
22. There are various types of research designs to obtain different types of information. What type of research is used to define
problems and suggest hypotheses? (Descriptive research)
23. Experimental research is aimed to: (establish association between variables)
24. Surveys types : (six)
25. Research that is done to examine the findings of someone else using the “same variables but different people” is which of the
following (replication)
26. Direct observation is a _____________ (data-gathering device)
27. The group that receives the experimental treatment condition is the _________ (experimental group)
28. In an experiment, the variable that is being measured is referred to as the ---- (dependent variable)
29. The collection of memories and personal commentaries of a past incident is called (oral history)
30. Sample is regarded as a subset of? (population)
31. A common test in research demands much priority on (a) reliability (b) useability (c) objectivity (all of above)
32. Which is not considered as descriptive research? (ANOVA)
33. A report or account is an (informational work)
34. Report is often used to display the result of: (a) experiment (b) investigation (c) inquiry (all of these)
35. Which of the following is not a type of non-porbability sampling? (stratified random sampling)
36. ________ are collected through observations, questionnaires, interviews standardized tests score cards, rating scales and
other data gathering techniques. (school surveys)
37. An historian reached a broad conclusion on his work is called (generalizations)
38. __________ studies collect data from a number of cases at a particular period of time. (survey)
39. Which is the best type of research approach for gathering causal information (experimental)
40. Rene Descartes is associated with which of the following approached to knowledge generation (rationalism)
41. The essential qualities of a researcher are : a. spirit of free enquiry b. reliance on observation and evidence c. Systematization
or theorizing of knowledge. (all of above)
42. Which of the following is NOT one of the key characteristics of a true experiment? (all participants experience all
experimental conditions.)
43. A test is said to be __________ reliable if it gives the same result on different occasions. (reliable)
44. The eye witness accounts about past events are called: (preliminary sources)
45. Non-directive depth interview is also called ________. (unguided interview)
46. Among these, which sampling is based on equal probability? (simple random sampling)
47. The ____________ scale measurement has a natural zero (ratio)
48. The study of past at very small scale is called: (micro history)
49. Research is: (working in a scientific way to search for truth of any problem. )
50. How many variables are tested at one time in a controlled experiment? (one)
51. _______ is a segment attached at the end of the thesis is called: (appendix)
52. One of the most important uses of a correlation is its potential use in (the prediction of future events)
53. --------- refers to inferring about the whole population based on the observations made on a small part. (inductive
interference)
54. The report is always written in (sequential manner)
55. The degree to which the test actually succeeds in measuring what it sets out to measure is called it’s _______. (validity)
56. Research process starts with: (observation)
57. Increasing the sample size the following effect upon the sampling error: (it reduces the sampling error)
58. What’s a Quasi Experiment? (the researcher deliberately manipulates the IV, measure the DV and maintains strict control
over all other variables.
59. Causal comparison has some ……… (delimitation)
60. through which of the following methods of research ‘cause and effect relationship’ is focused? (experimental method)
61. ………… is a set of carefully selected and ordered questions prepared by the researcher to seek factual information from
respondants:( (questionnaire)
62. Which one is NOT considered descriptive research? (ANOVA)
63. A ……… is a subset of a …………… (sample, population)
64. What is the name of the variable changed on purpose in the experiment? (independent variable)
65. in order to pursue the research, which of the following is priorly required? (Formulating a research question)
66. the main aim of the scientific method in the research field is to ----------(eliminate spurious relations)
67. this type of research is also regarded as fundamental/pure research. It builds up broad generalizations, principles and
theories of education. (basic research)
68. this type of research is also regarded as fundamental/pure research. It builds up broad generalizations, principles and
theories of education. (basic research)
69. when one examines the entire population instead of a subgroup of the population, this is called a _______(census)
70.
Quiz Items Of ‫االسمآباد‬،‫العہماابقلاونپویوینریٹس‬

Course Code

8604
Hamid Sehar
Con t en t Wr i t er

Any attempt to edit, modify, or make

changes to this document without prior
written consent is strictly prohibited
and may result in legal action.
 Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad
B. ED(1.5Years)
Course Research Methods in Education
Course Code 8604
Units 1-9 ‫احدمرحس‬
1. ------------- describes the present state of affairs as it exists without
having any control over variables.
(a) Analytical research
(b) Descriptive research
Created By
(c) Applied research
(d) Distinctive research
2. The ----------- scale measurement has a natural zero.
(a) Ratio
(b) Nominal
(c) Ordinal
(d) Interval
3. The essential qualities of a researcher are
(a) Spirit of free enquiry
(b) Reliance on observation and evidence
(c) Systematization or theorizing of knowledge ‫احدمرحس‬
(d) All the above
4. Non-directive depth interview is also called --------------------.
(a) Unguided interview
(b) Guided interview
(c) Panel interview
(d) None of these
5. The group that receives the experimental treatment condition is the --
------
(a) Experimental group
(b) Control group
Created By
(c) Participant group
(d) Independent group
 6. ----------- are collected through observations, questionnaires,
interviews, standardized tests score cards, rating scales and other data
gathering techniques.
(a) School Surveys
(b) Public Opinion Surveys
(c) Community Surveys
(d) Documentary Analysis
7. A common test in research demands much priority on
(a) Reliability
(b) Useability
(c) Objectivity
(d) All of the above
8. Which is the best type of research approach for gathering causal
information?
(a) Observational
(b) Informative
(c) Experimental
(d) Survey
9. Which proposal section is intended to describe the purpose with a full
statement of the research question?
(a) References
(b)
(c)
Literature review.
Proposed Method. ‫احدمرحس‬
(d) Introduction
10. Experimental research is aimed to:
(a) describe variables
(b) study the application of theory
(c) study trend analysis
(d) establish association between variables
11. The eye witness accounts about past events are called
(a) facts
(b) preliminary sources
Created By
(c) secondary sources
(d) oral sources
12. Which of the following is NOT one of the key characteristics of a true
experiment?
(a) The measurement of changes caused by the manipulation of a variable.
(b) The manipulation of a variable.
(c) All participants experience all experimental conditions.
(d) Holding everything constant apart from the variable being manipulated.
13. Which is the method of determine the authentictty of data
(a) external criticism
(b) internal criticism
(c) interview
(d) observation
14. There are various types of research designes to obtain different types
of information. What type of research is used to define problems and
suggest hypotheses?
(a) Descriptive Research
(b) Primary research
(c) Secondary research
(d) Causal research
15. Sampling is advantageous as it ---------
(a) Saves time
(b) Helps in capital-saving
(c) Both (a) and (b) ‫احدمرحس‬
(d) Increases accuracy
16. Which among the following is the benefit of using simple random
sampling?
(a) The results are always representative.
(b) Interviewers can choose respondents freely.
(c) Informants can refuse to participate.
(d) We can calculate the accuracy of the results.
17. ---------- refers to inferring about the whole population based on the
observations made on a small part.
(a) Pseudo-inference
(b) Objective inference Created By

(c) Inductive inference

(d) Deductive inference

HAMID SEHAR
CONTENT WRITER
[email protected]
+92 316 8560 735
18. Which is the method of determine the authenticity of data
(a) external criticism
(b) internal criticism
(c) interview
(d) observation
19. How many variables are tested at one time in a controlled experiment?
(a) One
(b) two
(c) Three
(d) Four
20. Historical criticism is the --------- of primary data.
(a) Assessment
(b) Generalisation
(c) Evaluation ‫احدمرحس‬
(d) None
21. Research is---------
(a) Searching again and again
(b) Finding solution to any problem
(c) Working in a scientific way to search for truth of any problem
(d) None of the above
22. The report is always written in
(a) Sequential manner
(b) Irregular manner
(c) Horizontal manner
(d) Data biased manner
23. Achievement tests are also known as -------------
(a) Tests of proficiency Created By

(b) Test of reliability

(c) Test of accessibility
(d) None of these
24. Which of the following is the first step in starting the research process?
(a) Searching sources of information to locate problems
(b) Survey of related literature
(c) Identification of problem
(d) Searching for solutions to the problem
25. One of the most important uses of a correlation is its potential use in
(a) Causal inferences.
(b) Determining differences between groups.
(c) Enhancing internal validity.
(d) The prediction of future events
26. ------------- is a set of carefully selected and ordered questions prepared
by the researcher to seek factual information from respondents.
(a) Questionnaire
(b) Interview
(c) Observation
(d) None of these
27. Which one is NOT considered descriptive research?
(a) Case study
(b) Observation
(c) ANOVA
(d) Survey
28. A common test in research demands much priority on
(a) Reliability
(b) Objectivity
(c)
(d)
useability
All of tile above
‫احدمرحس‬
29. The essential qualities of a researcher are
(a) Spirit Of free enquiry
(b) Reliance on observation and evidence
(c) Systematization or theorizing of knowledge
(d) All of above
30. Which is the best type of research approach for gathering causal
information?
(a) Observational
(b) Informative Created By

(c) Experimental
(d) Survey
31. The distribution that is formed by all possible values of a statistics is
known as
(a) Hypergeometric distribution
(b) Normal distribution
(c) Sampling distribution
(d) Binomial distribution
32. The timing section of a proposal will NOT include:
(a) Deadlines for Submitting the Final Report.
(b) Guidelines on Ethics.
(c) Deadlines for Ending Data Collection.
(d) Progress Report Dates.
33. The following is a step in the process of historical research.
(a) Identifying a research topic
(b) data
(c) data collection
(d) all of the above
34. ----------- Studies collect data from a number of cases at a particular
period of time.
(a) Correlation
(b) Casual comparative
(c) Experimental ‫احدمرحس‬
(d) Survey
35. ----------- is the method of selection of subjects for the study
(a) Generalization
(b) Randomization
(c) Control of dependent variables
(d) None of these
36. A test is said to be -------- if it gives the same result on different
occasions.
(a) Valid
(b) Reliable
(c) Accessible
(d) None of these
37. Which ONE of these phrases is best avoided in a proposal?
(a) This research seeks to -----------
(b) This research draws upon the work of ---------- Created By
(c) I hope to ------------
(d) The intention is to complete the study by -----------
38. ---------- may provide the investigator unique situation that can be used
to test hypotheses:
(a) Descriptive study
(b) Case study
(c) Historical study
(d) None of these
39. Research process starts with
(a) Hypothesis
(b) Explements to test hypothesis
(c) Observation
(d) All of these
40. Report is often used to display the result of
(a) Experiment
(b) Investigation
(c) Inquire
(d) All of these
41. An historian reached a broad conclusion on his work is called
(a) Theory
(b) Generalizations
(c) Conclusion ‫احدمرحس‬
(d) Formula
42. The degree to which the test actually succeeds in measuring what it
sets out to measure is called its
(a) Reliability
(b) Utility
(c) Validity
(d) None of these
43. Which is the method of determine the authenticity of data
(a) External criticism
(b) Internal criticism
(c) Interview
(d) Observation
44. A report or account is an __________
(a) Informational work
(b) Technical work Created By

(c) Professional work

(d) None of these
45. --------- is a segment attached at the end of thesis is called
(a) References
(b) Glossary
(c) Bibliography
(d) Appendix
46. Which among the following is the benefit of using simple random
sampling?
(a) We can calculate the accuracy of the results
(b) Reduced sampling bias
(c) Improved data representation
(d) Enhanced data validity
47. The difference between the expected value of a statistic and the value
of the parameter being estimated is called a:
(a) Standard error
(b) Bias
(c) Sampling error
(d) Non-sampling error
48. Which of the following is NOT a strength of experimental studies?
(a) Replicability
(b) Control of variables
(c) Establishment of causal links between variables
(d) Narrow definition of concepts
49. Questions, their sequence and their wording are fixed in?
(a) Unstructured interview
(b) Standardized interview
(c) Both of them ‫احدمرحس‬
(d) None of them
50. Non-directive depth interview is also called ---------
(a) Unguided interview
(b) Guided interview Created By
(c) Panel interview
(d) None of these
51. Research and development become the index of development of
country. Which of the following reasons are true with regards to this
statement?
(a) Because R&D reflect the true economic and social conditions prevailing
in a country
(b) Because R& D targets the human development
(c) Because R& D can improve the standard of living of the people in a
country
(d) All the above
52. The distribution that is formed by all possible values of a statistics is
known as
(a) Sampling distribution
(b) Population distribution
(c) Probability distribution
(d) Standard distribution
53. When one examines the entire population instead of a subgroup of the
population this is called a
(a) Census
(b) Sample
(c) Representative study
(d) Controlled experiment
54. The probability of selecting an item in probability sampling, from the
population is known and is:
(a) Equal to zero
(b) Non-zero
(c) Undefined ‫احدمرحس‬
(d) Constant throughout the population
55. Heuristics is also called ---------
(a) External criticism
(b) Logical reasoning
(c) Intuitive judgment
(d) Cognitive shortcuts
56. Through which of the following methods of research cause and effect
relationship' is focused?
a) Historical method
b) Descriptive method
c) Experimental Method
d) Case study method
57. What is the name of the variable changed on purpose in the
experiment?
(a) Independent variable
(b) dependent variable Created By

(c) Controlled variable

(d) None of these
58. The main concept behind doing research is to
(a) Study and explore knowledge
(b) Start with a pre-defined and clear cut objectives Created By

(c) All the above

(d) None of the above
59. The main purpose of research in education is to -----------
(a) Increase social status of an individual
(b) Increase job prospects of an individual
(c) Help in the personal growth of an individual
(d) Help the candidate become an eminent educationist
60. In report writing, the language used is to be ---------
(a) Loudly
(b) Clear
(c) Whispers
(d) Ambiguous
61. Surveys types -----------
(a) Three
(b) Four
(c) Six ‫احدمرحس‬
(d) Eight
62. Research that is done to examine the findings of someone else using the
"same variables but different people" is which of the following?
(a) Exploration
(b) Hypothesis
(c) Replication
(d) Empiricism
63. Direct observation is a -----------
(a) Data-gathering device
(b) Construction device
(c) Both a & b
(d) None of these
64. In an experiment, the variable that is being measured is referred to as
the
(a) Dependent variable
(b) Dependent variable
(c) Measurement variable
(d) Independent variable
65. Sample is regarded as a subset of?
(a) Data
(b) Set
(c) Distribution
(d) Population
66. The eye witness accounts about past events are called --------
(a) Facts
(b) Preliminary sources
(c) Secondary sources
(d) Oral sources
67. Among these, which sampling is based on equal probability?
(a) Simple random sampling
(b) Stratified random sampling
(c) Systematic sampling ‫احدمرحس‬
(d) Probability sampling
68. The study of past at very small scale is called ______
(a) Macro history
(b) Micro history
(c) Local history
(d) Oral history
69. How many variables are tasted at one time in a controlled experiment?
(a) One
(b) Two
(c) Three
(d) Four
70. ---------- is used as mythology for textual analysis
(a) Hermeneutics
(b) Phonetics Created By

(c) Anthropology
(d) Astrology
71. Increasing the sample size has the following effect upon the sampling
error?
(a) It increases the sampling error
(b) It reduces the sampling error
(c) it has no effect on the sampling
(d) all of the above
72. The collection of memories and personal commentaries of a past
incident is called
(a) Oral history

‫احدمرحس‬
(b) Local history
(c) Natural history
(d) National history
73. The difference between a statistic and the parameter is called:
(a) Sampling error
(b) Sampling discrepancy
(c) Estimation bias
(d) Population variance
74. Rene Descartes is associated with which of the following approached
to knowledge generation?
(a) Empiricism
(b) Rationalism
(c) Expert opinion
(d) None of the above
75. The oldest and most often used device for obtaining information.
(a) Interview
(b) Questionnaire
(c) Survey Created By
(d) Observation
76. A ____ is a subset of a _____.
(a) Sample, population Any attempt to edit, modify, or make
changes to this document without prior
(b) Population, sample written consent is strictly prohibited
(c) Statistic, parameter and may result in legal action.

(d) Parameter, statistic

Hamid Sehar
77. Casual comparative has some………
(a) Delimitation
(b) Limitation
(c) Comparisons
(d) None of these
78. What’s a Quasi Experiment?
(a) The IV studied is naturally occurring and the researcher cannot control it.
(b) The researcher deliberately manipulates the IV, measure the DV and
maintains strict control over all other variables.
(c) Carried out in a natural environment, participants don’t know they are
being tested. The IV is still manipulated and the DV still measured.
(d) None of these
79. One of the most important uses of a correlation is its potential use in
(a) Causal inferences.
(b) Determining differences between groups.
(c) Enhancing internal validity.
(d) The prediction of future events.
80. The final research report is NOT_____________.
(a) Future secondary data.
(b) A basis for decision-making.
(c) Tangible evidence of a research project.
(d) A research proposal.
81. Which of the following is not a type of non-probability sampling
(a) Quota sampling
(b) Convenience sampling
(c) Snowball sampling
(d) Stratified random sampling
82. Good research proposals will always-.......
(a) Consider all possible research that had previously been done on the topic
(b) Provide respondent names and addresses
(c) Focus on the Harvard style
(d) Focus on addressing the research objectives
83. What is the main advantage of producing a written research proposal?
(a) Helps keep people employed.
(b) Informs all interested parties.
(c) Helps the institution.
(d) Helps with credibility.
84. All of these may appear in a research proposal, but which one will
ALWAYS appear?
(a) Business objective.
(b) Creative objective.
(c) Research objective.
(d) Marketing objective.
85. Aptitude tests seek to assess the level of___________that an individual
can attain in some particular academic or vocational fields.
(a) Proficiency
(b) Achievement
(c) Reliability
(d) None of these
86. Which ONE of these is best avoided in a proposal?
(a) Accurate spelling and grammar.
(b) Careful use of correct gender terms.
(c) Short, clear sentences.
(d) Jargon

‫اهللاحظف‬

Any attempt to edit, modify, or make

changes to this document without prior
written consent is strictly prohibited
and may result in legal action.