Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
MIMAROPA Region
Division of Palawan
RIO TUBA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Rio Tuba, Bataraza, Palawan

READING AND WRITING SKILLS

Quarter 3 – Module 2
Properties of a Well-Written Text
Most Essential Learning Competency:
Evaluate a written text based on its properties (organization, coherence, and cohesion, language use and mechanics)

Objectives:
1. determine the beginning, middle, and end of the story read;
2. write the episodes of your life from childhood to young adulthood using a graphic
organizer;
3. organize ideas using proper transitional devices;
4. construct a coherent and cohesive paragraph;
5. determine the essence of proper language use in written texts;
6. evaluate a written text based on the appropriateness of language use;
7. utilize writing prowess through practice skills in grammar; and
8. use proper mechanics in writing such as spelling, punctuation, capitalization, and
paragraph development.

Lesson 1 Organization

Arranging our thoughts to deliver a purposeful message is essential in all forms of communication. This is clearly evident among
written texts, which are supposed to be well-organized, coherent and cohesive, using proper language and mechanically neat.

In this lesson, we will focus on the essence of organization. Thus, later, you are expected to determine the beginning, middle, and
end of a story, and to write the episodes of your life from childhood to young adulthood using a graphic organizer.

Arranging our thoughts to deliver a purposeful message is essential in all forms of communication. This is clearly evident among
written texts, which are supposed to be well-organized, coherent and cohesive, using proper language and mechanically neat.

In this lesson, we will focus on the essence of organization. Thus, later, you are expected to determine the beginning, middle, and
end of a story, and to write the episodes of your life from childhood to young adulthood using a graphic organizer.

Can you still remember the following guide questions in constructing a persuasive text?
1. What is the issue?
2. What is your position or opinion?
3. What is the opposing position/opinion?
4. What are some reasons for your position/opinion?
5. What are some cases or examples that support this?
A well-organized piece of writing is not only clear but also logical and aesthetic. Existence of organizational markers and coherent
flow of ideas are typically the focus in evaluation of writing(Dayagbil 2016, 63-64).

In writing a story or an essay, it is necessary for students like you to identify the sequence of events from the beginning to the end
because a strong organization comprises proper paragraphing and logical order of presentation of ideas.

You are introduced to this lesson by sequencing events to help you understand how to organize your understanding of the text or
story, then later, to apply it in your own composition.

Read the excerpt of the film review lifted from (Lionheartv.net 2017). Then, record the sequence of events on a graphic organizer.

MOVIE REVIEW: “SEVEN SUNDAYS” (excerpt)

Star Cinema’s “Seven Sundays” revolves around the story of Bonifacio family, whose patriarch, Manuel, (Ronaldo
Valdez) is diagnosed with a terminal illness. Seeing the family he built with his now deceased-wife, falling apart,
Manuel has only one dying wish: see his four children together again and reconnected, happy and looking for
each other, like when they were still kids.

But time and distance have taken a great toll on his children’s relationships which have been mostly strained by
insecurities and pride among them.

His eldest, Allan (Aga Mulach), is a struggling father trying to make ends meet for his own family. Bryan (Dingdong
Dantes), the middle child, who in spite of being the most successful, harbors bitterness towards Allan, whom he
thinks has remained his father’s favorite. Cha (Cristine Reyes), now a mother of three, tries to hide her
malfunctioning marriage, and Dexter (Enrique Gil), the youngest, keeps himself distant from the family he thinks
abandoned him.

They are forced to reconcile under the same roof, and as they try to grant their dying father’s wish, a recollection
of their history and some assessment of where they are and have gone as a family, are inevitably ensued.

But Dingdong Dantes has arguably emerged as the strongest performer. There is a powerful exchange of
accusations and revelation of insecurities among the siblings, where Bryan bares his bitter struggle to prove
himself and his worth in the family.

Enrique Gil’s Dexter has practically the same baggage. He struggles to connect to the members of his family whom
he feels left him when he was in need of someone to guide him through growing up. As anticipated, every
member of the family has to survive the pains of growing up, but it is growing apart that proves to be more
damaging to the Bonifacio family, and it is more evident in Dexter.

But then, all these characters radiate around Manuel, played by Ronaldo Valdez, who has singularly maintained
his dramatic genius throughout the film. His struggle as a father trying to keep the foundations of his already
rattled family makes his character accessible, hence it emerges as the most relatable element of the film.

For what it’s worth, while “Seven Sundays” struggles to abandon the conventions of its genre, this Cathy Garcia-
Molina-helmed family drama turns out to be actually memorable. Its utter earnestness to relate a familiar story
moves the film to levels that are bracing enough to capture audience and tug at their heartstrings. With its
poignant sentiments about family, it hits right in the heart, and for that, “Seven Sundays” is exceptional.

Lesson 2 Coherence and Cohesion

One of the most important elements in writing is the form or structure. Without a solid structure in place, the content you have
gathered would fall apart. After sequencing the events in your paragraph – a group of related sentences that leads to a single topic
or idea, it is time to get on to unifying your writing.

In this lesson, we will focus on structuring an effective paragraph through coherence and cohesion. Thus, you are later expected to
organize ideas using proper transitional devices and eventually construct a coherent and cohesive paragraph. In the previous lesson,
you have learned that organization plays an important role in developing a well-written text. It is also known as arrangement and is
achieved when ideas are logically and accurately arranged with focus on the sequence of ideas, incidents, evidence, or details in a
definite order in a paragraph, essay, or speech.

After learning this property of a well-written text, it is important to interconnect it to other properties of text: coherence and
cohesion.

In arranging the sentences in the first activity, we consider coherence or the connection of the succeeding sentences to the topic
sentence. Meanwhile, in the second activity, we make use of cohesive or transitional devices to link the first sentence to the second.

Coherence and cohesion are two basic features that facilitate textual continuity. Basically, coherence refers to the rhetorical aspects
of your writing, which include developing and supporting your argument (e.g. thesis statement development), synthesizing and
integrating readings, organizing and clarifying ideas.

Coherence means the connection and organization of ideas in a text to create

unity.
To achieve coherence, every good paragraph must have UNITY or oneness of idea. Sentences in a paragraph are unified and directed
by a topic sentence.

On the other hand, cohesion in writing means unifying ideas by binding words, phrases, sentences and paragraphs, thus, show
relationships and smooth “text flow”.
While coherence focuses on the overall (macro) structure of the essay, cohesion is more specific. It pays
attention to links between words and sentences.

To achieve good cohesion, you need to know how to use cohesive devices, certain words or phrases that serve the purpose of
connecting two statements, usually by referring back to what you have previously written or said

Here is a chart of the transitional devices (also called conjunctive adverbs or adverbial conjunctions) accompanied with a simplified
definition of function.

addition again, also, and, and then, equally important, finally, first, further, furthermore, in
addition, in the first place, last, moreover, next, second, still, too
comparison also, in the same way, likewise, similarly
concession granted, naturally, of course
contrast although, yet, at the same time, but at the same time, despite that, even so, even though.
for all that, however, in contrast, is spite of, instead, nevertheless, notwithstanding, on the
contrary, on the other hand, otherwise, regardless, still, though
emphasis certainly, indeed, in fact, of course
example/ after all, as an illustration, even, for example, for instance, for conclusion, indeed, in fact,
illustration in other words, in short, it is true, namely, specifically, that is, to illustrate, thus, truly

summary all in all, altogether, as has been said, finally, in brief, in conclusion, in other words, in
particular, in short, in simpler terms, in summary, on the whole, that is, therefore, to
summarize

Lesson 3 Language Use

Now that you already know the importance of organization, coherence and cohesion in creating a well-written text, let’s move on to
another significant factor that a writer should consider – the language use.

In this lesson, you are expected to determine the essence of proper language use in written texts and, later, to evaluate a written
text based on the appropriateness of language use.

Writing is a rigorous activity. No matter how good and substantial the content of a document is, if it’s not carefully written as to how
you, as the writer, would like to present it to your readers, your purpose will not be served wisely. Hence, you have to bear in mind
that aside from considering the organization of your ideas and the coherence and cohesion of your sentences and paragraphs, you
also have to regard the style, tone and clarity of your writing. On this note, you are responsible to choose the appropriate language
to be used and to regard the objective of the writing, the context in which it was written and the target audience in mind.

There are five major issues with appropriate language that should be avoided in an effective and well-written text, as identified by
(Purdue Online Writing Lab 2020):

First, the formality of the language one uses should depend on how formal the situation is and how the writer and the
reader are related to one another.

Second, jargons or specialized language used by groups of individuals in the same field, should only be used if the target
readers belong to the same group.

Third, slangs and idioms should be avoided. Slangs are words, phrases, or expressions that do not literally mean what they
express (like “frenemy” to describe someone who is both a friend and an enemy) while idioms or expressions whose
meaning is different from the meanings of the individual word it contains (like “to kill two birds at one stone”, which means
to get two things done with a single action.

Fourth, euphemisms or words that veil the truth shall also be avoided. Examples of which are “virtually challenged” for
someone who is short; “passed away” instead of died, and other deceitful language.

Fifth, avoid using any biased language including those associated with any racial, ethnic, group, or gender.

Hence, an effective language can be characterized as:

 Concrete and specific, not vague and abstract

 Concise, not verbose
 Precise and clear, not obscure
 Constructive, not destructive
 Appropriately formal, not slang

Lesson 4 Mechanics

In this lesson, you will utilize your writing prowess through practice skills in grammar. You are also expected to learn the mechanics
in writing such as spelling, punctuation, capitalization, and paragraphs in explaining a position in an essay.

Generally, mechanics is essential in all types of writing because it describes the technical aspects of writing. It also serves as a road
sign to guide learners like you on how to use words appropriately in terms of conventions such as spelling, punctuation,
capitalization, and others.

References

Books

Filomena D. Dayagbil, Ethel L. Abao, and Remedios C. Bacus. Critical Reading and Writing for the Senior High School Quezon City: Lorimar
Publishing, Inc., 2016, 63-64.

Ostrom John and William Cook, Paragraph Writing Simplified New York: Random House Inc, 1994, 108-110.

Electronic References

“Appropriate Language: Overview,” Purdue Online Writing Lab, accessed May 21, 2020, Appropriate Language: Overview//Purdue Writing Lab.
https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/academic_writing/using_appropriate_language/index.html.

Becette, Natalia. Coherence and Cohesion Activity Sheets.https://busyteacher.org/19266-coherence-and-cohesion-activity-sheet.html

“Cohesion and Coherence Exercises,” Humanities Writing Centre (HWC), https://www.up.ac.za/media/shared/Legacy/169/hwc.zp12816

"Effective Technical Writing: The Informative Age," accessed May 22, 2020, https://books.google.com.ph/books?
id=nxtwAAAACAAJ&dq=Effective+Technical+Writing:+The+Information+Age+by+Joe+Schall&hl=en&sa=X&ved=OahUKEwjahfXmutP
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
MIMAROPA Region
Division of Palawan
RIO TUBA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Rio Tuba, Bataraza, Palawan
READING AND WRITING SKILLS
QUARTER 3 MODULE 2
Properties of a Well-Written Text
Name: ________________________________________ Date Submitted:
________________

Grade/Strand/Section: ________________________ Parent’s Signature:_______________

Lesson 1 Organization
Read and analyze each event to determine which comes first, next and last.

When the four children learned about the bad news that their father was
diagnosed of a lung cancer, they at once decided to pay their father a visit by
1 sleeping overnight under the same roof.

The widowed father of the Bonifacio family, Manuel, was diagnosed with lung
cancer by the family physician. What saddened Manuel was the doctor’s
2 prediction that he had only about two months or roughly “seven weeks” to
live.

After his birthday with his nephew Jun (because no one among his children
showed up), Tatay Manuel received a call from the family doctor telling him
3 of the good news – that he was not terminally ill.

Tatay Manuel Bonifacio, a father of four announced to his family that he

would die soon. After celebrating his birthday with his nephew Jun (because
no one among his children showed up), Tatay Manuel received a call from
the family doctor telling him of the good news – that he was not terminally
ill.
Complete the following:
Event # ___ is the beginning because ______________________________________.
Event # ___ is the middle because _________________________________________.

Event # ___ is the ending because _________________________________________.

Lesson 2 Coherence and Cohesion

Set A. Number the sentences to form a well-structured paragraph.

_____A. I knew that we will go to their house to celebrate her birthday but during that time, I was still in our school because of my
training for campus journalism.
_____B. I talked to her and said sorry for what I had done and I explained my reasons for not attending her birthday. At last, I was
still thankful to her for understanding my situation.
_____C. It was 2:00 o'clock in the afternoon when Angelita called me over the phone and said that she was waiting for me at 7/11
store together with our other friends.
_____D. It's hard for me to choose what should I prioritize but I ended up staying in school.
_____E. On the next day, I saw her inside our room and it seemed that she did not want to look at me.

Set B. Combine the sentences in each set into two clear sentences. Add a transitional word or phrase to the second to show how it
relates to the first. Here is an example.

 Retirement should be the reward for a lifetime of work.

 It is widely viewed as a sort of punishment.
 It is a punishment for growing old.
Sample combination:
Retirement should be the reward for a lifetime of work. Instead, it is widely
Now, it’s your turn! viewed as a sort of punishment for growing old.

 There are differences in English performance between boys and girls.

 These differences cannot be attributed simply to differences in innate ability.
 If one were to ask the children themselves, they would probably disagree.

Lesson 3 Language Use

Clip an article from a magazine, journal or newspaper that is related to your strand or specialization. Evaluate its language
use by answering the following:

Guide Questions Yes or No? Evidence/Justification

Is the article appropriately formal?
Are there jargons?
Are there idiomatic expressions?
Are there euphemisms and other deceitful words?
Is there any bias in language use?
Are the ideas presented in the text concrete and specific?
Is the article concise?
Are the ideas presented precisely and clearly?

Lesson 4 Mechanics
Read the letter below. Identify all errors by placing the correct capitalization and punctuation, correcting misspelled words, and
writing the sentences in paragraph form.
Rewrite the letter.

233 sitioibaba,
brgy. santisimososario
sanpablocitylaguna
24 august 2020

ms. Korina sanchez

gems and jewels inc
sta. cruzlaguna

dear miss Salazar:

i attended your career planning workshop at the trace collage libraery on 15 december 2018
your presentation was just what I needed too organized myself Would it be possible for you
to send me copies of your resume-writing guidelynes the worksheet
and the sample Unfortunately you ran out of this handouts before you gotto me

sincerely
menard b banca jr