EXP.
NO:22
HEADING: QUALITATAIVE SALT ANALYSIS - VIII
AIM : TO ANALYSE THE GIVEN SALT FOR ACIDIC AND BASIC RADICALS
SL.NO EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
Preliminary tests
1 Physical examination : Pink Co2+ present
(a) Noted the colour of the salt
(b) Noted the smell of the salt NH4+, S2- & CH3COO- may
No specific odour
absent.
Dry heating test : Characteristics
Heated a pinch of salt in a dry test suffocating smell
tube and noted the following turns acidified
observation : potassium SO42- may be present
(a) Gas evolved dichromate paper
( or solution) green
observed
Ammonium halide,
No sublimate
(b) Sublimation Aluminium chloride ,Iodide
formed
may be absent
2
Lead nitrate, Barium nitrate,
No cracking sound Sodium chloride, Potassium
(c) Decrepitation
observed iodide & potassium iodide
may be absent
Alkali(Sodium, Potassium
(d) Fusion Salt does not fuse
salts may be absent
No coloured Zn2+,Pb2+ Mg2+ etc.,may be
( e ) Colour of the residue
residue observed absent
Charcoal cavity test :
Mixed a pinch of the salt with
double the quantity of Na2CO3 and No Chararteristics Zn2+,Pb2+, Mn2+ Ba2+ may be
3
heated the mixture on a charcoal changes observed absent
cavity in the reducing flame
Cobalt nitrate test:
To the above white residue added Black
4 a drop of cobalt nitrate solution. Characteristic Co2+ may be present
Heated it in oxidizing flame colour observed
Flame test :
No characteristics
Prepared a paste of the salt with
5 coloured flame Co2+ may be present
Conc. HCl and performed flame
observed
test
Borax bead test : In oxidizing and
Did not perform this test since the reducing flame
6 Co2+ present
given salt was white deep blue in both
hot and cold
Dilute Sulphuric acid test : Characteristics
7 Treated a pinch of salt with SO42- or SO32- may be present
suffocating smell
dil.sulphuric acid and warmed turns acidified
potassium
dichromate paper
( or solution) green
observed
KMnO4 test:
To a pinch of salt added Pink colour of
Cl-,Br-,I-, C2O42-, Fe2+ may be
8 dil.sulphuric acid warm and then a KMnO4 was not
absent
drop KMnO4 solution. discharged
Conc. Sulphuric acid test :
Heated a pinch of the salt with No characteristics Cl-,Br-,I-, C2O42-, S2- &
9 Conc.sulphuric acid and added to changes observed CH3COO- may be absent
it a paper pellet
Conc.NaOH test :
Heated a pinch of the salt with No Ammonia gas
10 NH4+ etc., absent
conc. NaOH solution evolved.
Confirmatory test for sulphate:
(a) Barium chloride test. A white precipitate
To the part of the aqueous formed which is
SO42-Confirmed
solution of the salt added barium insoluble in
chloride solution dil.HCl
(b) Match stick test:
Mixed a small amount of the salt
11 with sodium carbonate and a little
powdered charcoal so as to get a
Violet streaks
paste. Took some of that paste on
produced or SO42-Confirmed
one end of wooden splinter and
observed
heated in the reducing flame till
the mass fused, dip the fused mass
into sodium nitroprusside solution
taken in a china dish
Preparation of original solution (O.S)
Shook a pinch of salt in distilled water and added dilute HCl or Conc.HCl
Group I
To the part of the O.S , added 1-2 No precipitate
12 Group I absent.(Pb2+ absent)
ml of dilute HCl formed
Group II
Through the part of the above No precipitate Group II absent.(Pb2+ , Cu2+,
13
solution ,passed hydrogen sulphide formed As3+, absent)
gas
Group III
To the remaining solution, added a
pinch of solid ammonium chloride. No precipitate Group III absent.(Fe3+,Al3+
14
Boiled the solution, cooled it and formed absent)
added excess of ammonium
hydroxide solution
Group IV
Through the part of the Black precipitate Group IV present.(Ni2+or
15
solution ,passed hydrogen sulphide formed Co2+ present)
gas
Group V To
Group V absent.
the remaining solution, added No white
16 (Ca2+,Ba2+,Sr2+ may be
ammonical solution and then added precipitate formed
absent )
ammonium carbonate solution.
Confirmatory test for Cobalt
(Co2+):
(a) Potassium nitrite test:
To one part of the above original Yellow precipitate
solution, added a few drops of Co2+ is Confirmed
formed
NH4OH solution to neutralize then
added acetic acid and a crystal of
17 potassium nitrite and warmed
(bAmmonium thiocynate ether
test:
Blue colour
To a another part of the O.S ,added
produced at the Co2+ is Confirmed
a crystals of ammonium
layer or observed
thiocyanate ,shaked and allowed to
settled
Result: The given salt contains Acid radical : SO42-
Basic radical : Co2+
Salt : Cobalt Sulphate
