CHAPTER 1

Slide 1: Introduction

This research explores the challenges faced by people with disabilities in finding and keeping jobs. In
many parts of the world, including the United States, people with disabilities have a much harder time
finding work compared to people without disabilities. For example, in the United States, only about 38%
of people with disabilities have jobs, while 75% of people without disabilities do. This is a global issue,
and in many places, including parts of Asia, the situation is even more difficult.

The Philippines has a law called the Magna Carta for Persons with Disability, which aims to protect the
rights of people with disabilities. However, many people with disabilities in the Philippines still struggle
to find employment. This is a significant issue because everyone deserves the opportunity to work and
contribute to their community. This research aims to better understand this challenge by focusing on
the situation in Dinalupihan, Bataan.

Slide 2: Statement of the Problem

"This research focuses specifically on the employment situation for people with disabilities in
Dinalupihan, Bataan. The study aims to determine the employment rate of persons with disabilities in
the municipality and to investigate the factors that may influence their employment outcomes. This
includes examining how factors such as age, gender, type of disability, educational attainment, and
income level may impact employment opportunities. Additionally, the research will explore the primary
challenges faced by people with disabilities in finding and maintaining employment, as well as the
specific obstacles they encounter in securing the financial resources necessary for their work."

Slide 3: Significance of the Study

"This research holds significant value for various stakeholders. The findings will provide valuable insights
to people with disabilities in Dinalupihan, empowering them to better understand the employment
landscape and navigate the challenges they may face. Moreover, the research can inform employers
about the valuable contributions and strengths of people with disabilities, encouraging them to create
more inclusive workplaces. The findings can also be utilized by policymakers to develop more effective
laws and programs that support the employment of people with disabilities. Furthermore, community
organizations can leverage this research to design targeted programs and interventions that address the
specific needs of people with disabilities in Dinalupihan. Finally, this study will serve as a valuable
resource for future researchers, paving the way for further exploration of workplace inclusivity, societal
attitudes, and the impact of disabilities on employment outcomes."

I hope this revised script effectively conveys the research objectives and significance while maintaining a
professional and objective tone.
Scope and Delimitation

This study focuses on the employment challenges faced by Persons with Disabilities (PWDs) in Barangay
J.C. Payumo, Dinalupihan, Bataan, during 2024. Data was collected through surveys administered to 40
PWDs in the barangay. The findings may not be generalizable to other areas, and the sample size may be
too small. Additionally, the study relies on self-reported data, which can be subject to bias. Despite
these limitations, the study provides valuable insights into the employment challenges faced by PWDs in
Barangay J.C. Payumo.

Chapter 2

Self-Determination Theory (SDT)

People are motivated by feelings of competence, autonomy (independence), and relatedness

(connection). Fulfilling these needs leads to greater determination and success, including at work. In
our study, "Kapansanan, Hindi Hadlang," by supporting and empowering PWDs to feel confident and
connected, we aim to improve their employment prospects.

Internal Labor Market Theory

Organizations that invest in their employees through training and career development tend to
have a more productive and loyal workforce. This theory emphasizes creating clear career paths
and promoting long-term employment. By offering specialized training, accessible career
advancement opportunities, and an inclusive work environment, our study explores how these
practices can improve employment outcomes for PWDs in Dinalupihan, Bataan.

Intergroup Contact Theory

Positive interactions between different groups can reduce prejudice. In the workplace, this
theory suggests that regular collaboration and positive interactions with coworkers can lead to
greater acceptance of PWDs. Our study will explore how fostering an inclusive work
environment and promoting collaboration can improve coworker attitudes towards PWDs.

Study 11: This study, published in 2023, investigated HR practices in Philippine NGOs. Findings showed
that these organizations offer inclusive employment opportunities for PWDs, including equal pay and
training programs.

Study 12: This 2024 study in Malaysia explored the impact of a skills intervention program on PWD
students. The program successfully developed essential employability skills in participants, highlighting
the importance of such programs in education.

Study 13: This 2019 study in Malaysia examined the relationship between employability skills and self-
efficacy among students with learning disabilities. Findings showed a positive correlation, suggesting
that improving employability skills can boost self-confidence.

Study 14: This 2022 study in Italy investigated the self-perceived employability of disabled workers at an
educational farm. Results showed high levels of self-determination and job satisfaction among
participants.

Study 15: This 2023 study in the Philippines explored the factors affecting the employability of PWDs.
Findings indicated that employers in Bulakan value both hard and soft skills, with a particular emphasis
on soft skills like receptiveness to criticism.
In this study, we used the I-P-O schematic diagram method to help us researchers identify all the factors
that influence a process and all the process’s outcomes, and it gives us a structured approach to
analyzing and improving the system

As shown in the figure above, the input variable included the classification of PWD employees in terms
of age, gender, type of disabilities, educational status and income level. Inputs refers to the data,
materials, or resources that are fed into a system.

Process frame included the instrument used in gathering the data needed which is the survey
questionnaire. Process frame are method that utilizes data mining algorithms.

The output frame disclosed the expected output of the study which is the various job opportunities for
persons with disabilities. Output determine results, products, or outcomes produced by the processes.

hypothesis

This study hypothesizes that individuals with disabilities in Barangay J.C. Payumo, Dinalupihan, who have
completed at least a high school education will have a significantly higher employment rate compared to
those who have not.

Chapter 3 script
CHAPTER 3
Method

This study used a descriptive research design to explore the employment of people with disabilities
(PWDs) in West Dinalupihan, Bataan. Data was collected through interviews with 40 PWDs using a
questionnaire.

Research Instrument

A questionnaire was used to gather information from 40 PWDs. The questionnaire was divided into
three sections: personal information, employment experience, and perceptions and recommendations.

Reliability and Validity

To ensure the reliability and validity of the questionnaire, the researchers consulted with experts in
disability studies and employment.

Construction and Validation of Instrument

The questionnaire was developed based on previous research and reviewed by experts in the field.

Data Gathering Procedure

Data collection took place in JC Payumo, Dinalupihan, Bataan. The researchers obtained permission from
the barangay officials and the PWD president to conduct the interviews.

Population and Sample

The target population for this study consisted of working-age adults with disabilities who were eligible
for employment and resided in West Dinalupihan, Bataan. A snowball sampling technique was used to
recruit participants.

Statistical Treatment
This study will use statistics to analyze data about people with disabilities (PWDs). First, it will use
descriptive statistics to summarize the data, such as how many PWDs have different levels of education
and employment status. Then, it will use inferential statistics to test if there is a relationship between
education and employment status for PWDs. Two statistical tests will be used: the chi-square test and
the independent samples t-test.

1. Descriptive Statistics

Frequency and Percentage: Calculate frequency and percentage of PWDs by education and
employment status.

Mean, Median, Mode: Calculate mean, median, and mode for age and experience for each education
group.

2. Inferential Statistics

Chi-Square Test: Determine if education and employment status are associated.

Formula: X² = Σ [(O - E)² / E]

If p-value < 0.05, there is a significant association.

Independent Samples t-test: Compare mean employment rates between education groups.

Formula: t = (M1 - M2) / √[(s1²/n1) + (s2²/n2)]

If p-value < 0.05, there is a significant difference in employment rates.