2.

PROJECT OVERVIEW

Project Name : Multi-Purpose Reinforced-Concrete Building Structure (3 Storey)

Location : Intramuros Manila (around 10.1 km from known seismic fault)
Occupancy : III – Special Occupancy structures
Category
Floor System : solid slab supported by beams
Building Lateral : Special Moment Frame
Frame
Foundation System : Isolated Footing

Floor Plans and Elevations are shown below:

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 PART 2 AND 3 – PROJECT OVERVIEW
AND BUILDING LOADS

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 3. BUILDING LOADS

3.1 Dead Loads

The dead loads used in this project were determined by referencing various standards and
combo 1 textbooks to find the corresponding values for their weights. Approximate values were assumed
2 when ranges were listed depending on how dense the layouts were and the author’s personal
preference as well as considering the life history and usage of the building.
select Hold
Shift For DL1 Reference Load
sel cursor
- Selfweight (reinforced-concrete at 25 kN/m3)
- 3.75 kN/m2 floor load for un-modelled 150 mm thick slab

3.75 kN/m2 is calculated from 150 mm slab thickness multiply by the concrete density 25 kN/m3
So, 0.15 x 25 = 3.75 kN/m2

For DL2 Reference Load

- Floor loads

- Member Loads

- 8.64 kN/m member load, this came from 4” (100mm) CHB load
2.5 + 0.24*2 (plastered both sides) = 2.98 kN/m2
Height of 4” CHB = 3.6m(story height) – 0.7m (beam depth) = 2.9 m
So member load = 2.98 x 2.9 = 8.64 kN/m

chb - 15.79 kN/m member load, this came from 4” (100mm) CHB load
2.5 + 0.24*2 (plastered both sides) = 2.98 kN/m2
Height of 4” CHB = 6.0 m(story height) – 0.70m (beam depth) = 5.3 m
So member load = 2.98 x 5.3 = 15.79 kN/m

- 6.85 kN/m member load, this came from 4” (100mm) CHB load
roof 2.5 + 0.24*2 (plastered both sides) = 2.98 kN/m2
Height of 4” CHB = 6.0 m(story height) – 1.4m (truss depth) = 4.6 m * ½ (to consider triangular
truss
load)
So member load = 2.98 x 2.30 = 6.85 kN/m
stair
- Stair loads = 0.2 x 25 kN/m3 x 5.3m / 2 = 13.25 kN/m

- Point Loads (from truss analysis)

27.31 kN as per separate STAAD.Pro analysis,

Say 28.00 kN

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 3.2 Live Load

The live loads used in this project were calculated in accordance with NSCP 2015 and ASCE 7-16.

3.3 Wind Load

Wind loads were calculated in accordance with NSCP 2015, Chapter 2. The simplified method was
used to calculate wind loads for Main Wind-Force Resisting System (MWFRS) and Components and
Cladding (C&C).

In order to use the simplified procedure, all conditions of Section 207C.6.2 of the NSCP 2015 must
be satisfied:

1. It is a simple diaphragm building.

2. The mean roof height h is less than 18 m and does not exceed the least

horizontal dimension.

3. Since the building has debris-resistant cladding which are CHB and no dominant opening in any
one wall, it can be classified as an enclosed building.

4. It has a regular shape.

5. It is a rigid building because it meets the definition of low-rise building; as per STAAD analysis

T < 1.0s, hence rigid structure

Flexible structure has T > 1.0 seconds

6. There is no expansion joint.

7. It has an approximately symmetrical cross section in each direction with either a flat roof or a
gable or hip roof with roof slope < 45deg.

8. The building is exempted from torsional load cases as indicated in Note 5 of Fig. 207C.4-1.

Therefore, wind pressures for both the MWFRS and C&C can be used on the design using the
simplified method.

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 The project is categorized as Exposure B due to its urban setting and location in Intramuros Manila.
The basic wind speed was found to be 250 kph per Figure 207A.5-1A in NSCP 2015.

Wind pressure diagrams of were drawn of the final forces acting on the building. Wind forces for
MWFRS and C&C were calculated by hand and then applied to STAAD.Pro 2D and 3D model. These
diagrams and calculations can be found on succeeding pages of this book.

Structure Data

Location : Intramuros Manila

Basic Wind Speed : 250 Kph

Risk Category III

Terrain : Suburban Area (Exposure B)

Building Dimensions : 22.5 m x 42 m in plan

Eave height : 13.2 m
Ridge height / Apex : 9.2 m
Roof mean height : 16.2 m
Roof slope : 25.20°

Building Framing : Special Concentric and Eccentric Braced (X – direction)

: Special Moment Frame (Z – direction)

Roof Framing
Truss Spacing : 3.75 m and 3.0 m
Purlins Spacing : 0.8m (typical), 0.6m on Zone 2 and 3

Roofing sheet : conventional spandek sheets with foam insulation

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 Calculation of width of pressure coefficient zone (a)

a: 10 percent of least horizontal dimension or 0.4h, whichever is smaller, but not less than either
4% of least horizontal dimension or 3 ft (0.9 m).

smaller of a = 0.1(22.5 m) = 2.25 m (governs)

or a = 0.4(16.2 m) = 6.48 m
but not less than 0.04(22.5) = 0.9 m
or a = 0.9m

Wind Pressure diagram for Wind Load Calculation for C&C

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 Wind Pressure diagram for Wind Load Calculation for MWFRS
Case A (Case 1) – wind blows normal to ridge
Case B (Case 2) – wind blows parallel to ridge

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 Calculation of adjustment factor for building height and exposure,

Roof mean height : 16.2 m

λ is calculated using interpolation = 1.19

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 3.3.1 Wind Load Calculation for Components and Cladding (C&Cs) for Purlin Design

Net Pressure Calculation

Pnet = l Kzt pnet9 (207E.5-1)

Where

λ adjustment factor for building height and exposure from Fig. 207E.5-1
Kzt topographic factor as defined in Section 26.8 evaluated at 0.33 mean roof
height, 0.33h
Pnet9 net design wind pressure for Exposure B, at h = 9 m, from Fig. 207E.5-1

Minimum Design Wind Pressures: the design wind pressure for C&C shall not be less than a net
pressure (including internal pressures) of 0.77 KN/m2 acting in either direction normal to the
surface

Purlins design involving Zone 1 and Zone 2 wind, use purlin spacing = 0.8 m

Calculate purlins effective area,

L = 3.0m (least purlin span or truss spacing), smaller space considered between 3.0 m and 3.75
m

W = 0.8m or not smaller than 1/3 of span, 3.0m / 3 = 1.0 m, 1.0 m governs

Purlin effective area = 3.0 x 1.0 = 3.0 m2

wl1-negative Y
local

wl2-1st and last

remaining panel

2nd panel

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