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 Current Affairs Q&A PDF – December 2024

Table of Contents
NATIONAL AFFAIRS ...................................................................................................................................................... 5
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS ......................................................................................................................................... 42
GOVT SCHEMES ............................................................................................................................................................ 49
VISITS............................................................................................................................................................................. 55
BANKING AND FINANCE ............................................................................................................................................. 62
ECONOMY AND BUSINESS .......................................................................................................................................... 99
MoU’s AND AGREEMENTS ........................................................................................................................................ 114
APPOINTMENTS AND RESIGNATIONS ................................................................................................................... 136
AWARDS AND RECOGNITIONS ................................................................................................................................ 159
SUMMITS, CONFERENCES ......................................................................................................................................... 180
COMMITTEE AND MEETING .................................................................................................................................... 186
INDEX ........................................................................................................................................................................... 188
ACQUISITION AND MERGERS .................................................................................................................................. 207
DEFENCE...................................................................................................................................................................... 213
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY .................................................................................................................................... 224
SPORTS ........................................................................................................................................................................ 240
BOOKS AND AUTHORS.............................................................................................................................................. 254
OBITUARY ................................................................................................................................................................... 258
IMPORTANT DAYS ..................................................................................................................................................... 270
ENVIRONMENT........................................................................................................................................................... 298
APP and WEB PORTAL.............................................................................................................................................. 302
CURRENT STATIC BANKING .................................................................................................................................... 307
CA STATIC GK ............................................................................................................................................................. 322

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 NATIONAL AFFAIRS
1. Which ministry has recently (in November ‘24) introduced the ‘One Day One Genome’
initiative to showcase the enormous microbial potential of India?
1) Ministry of Earth Sciences
2) Ministry of Science and Technology
3) Ministry of Commerce and Industry
4) Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
5) Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare
Answer- 2) Ministry of Science and Technology
Explanation:
The Department of Biotechnology (DBT) and Biotechnology Research and Innovation Council (BRIC)
under the Ministry of Science & Technology(MoS&T) introduced the ‘One Day One Genome’ initiative
to showcase the enormous microbial potential of India.
• The initiative coordinated by West Bengal(WB) based BRIC-National Institute of Biomedical
Genomics (BRIC-NIBMG), an institute of the Department of Biotechnology aims to release a
fully annotated bacteriological genome isolated in the country.
• The initiative highlights the unique bacterial species found in our country and emphasises their
critical roles in environment, agriculture and human health.

2. Name the cybersecurity exercise that was recently (in November ‘24) organized by the
National Security Council Secretariat (NSCS) in collaboration with Rashtriya Raksha University
(RRU) in New Delhi, Delhi.
1) Red Team
2) Pitch Black 2024
3) Red Flag 24-2
4) Bharat NCX 2024
5) Cyber Suraksha 2024
Answer- 4) Bharat NCX 2024
Explanation:
In November 2024, the Bharat National Cyber Security Exercise (Bharat NCX 2024), a landmark
initiative to fortify India’s cybersecurity resilience, was inaugurated at a ceremony organized by the
National Security Council Secretariat (NSCS) in collaboration with Rashtriya Raksha University (RRU)
in New Delhi(Delhi).
• The 12-day exercise runs from November 18 to November 29, 2024 aim towards preparing
India’s cybersecurity professionals and leadership to tackle evolving threats with advanced
cyber defence, incident response capabilities, and strategic decision-making.
• The Bharat Chief Information Security Officer(CISO’s) Conclave and Bharat Cybersecurity
Startup Exhibition also inaugurated Bharat NCX 2024.
• The exercise includes immersive training on cyber defence and incident response, live-fire
simulations of cyberattacks on Information Technology (IT) and Operational Technology
(OT) systems and collaborative platforms for government and industry stakeholders.
• The Bharat Cybersecurity Startup Exhibition showcases innovative solutions from Indian
startups, emphasizing their role in enhancing the nation’s cybersecurity infrastructure.

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3. Who has recently (in November ‘24) become the First Indian to summit Mount
Shishapangma in China?
1) Arjun Vajpai
2) Sheetal Raj
3) Arunima Sinha
4) Satyarup Siddhanta
5) Nima Rinji Sherpa
Answer- 1) Arjun Vajpai
Explanation:
In November 2024, Arjun Vajpai, the youngest person to climb Mount (Mt.) Everest, achieved a
historic milestone by summiting Mount Shishapangma in China, his eighth peak above 8,000
meters(m).
• This remarkable feat makes him the 1st Indian to summit Mt. Shishapangma, the fastest to
ascend it (a Base Camp to summit and back in under 72 hours), and the first Indian to climb
eight 8,000m peaks.
• Arjun Vajpai began his pursuit of all 14 of the world’s 8,000m peaks at age 16 and now he is on
track to become the first Indian to complete this extraordinary achievement.
• He was only 30 years old when he set the Guinness World Record for being the youngest
person to climb Mt. Everest (2010) and Mt. Lhotse (2011) and also holds the record for the
fastest ascent of an 8,000m peak in China.

4. Which organisation has recently (in November ‘24) celebrated the Diamond Jubilee on 26th
November 2024 in New Delhi, Delhi?
1) National Agricultural Cooperative Marketing Federation of India Limited
2) National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development
3) National Cooperative Dairy Federation of India Limited
4) Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry
5) National Federation of State Co-operative Banks Limited
Answer- 5) National Federation of State Co-operative Banks Limited
Explanation:
On 26th November 2024, Union Minister Amit Shah, the Ministry of Home Affairs (MoHA) and the
Ministry of Cooperation, attended the Diamond Jubilee (60 Years) celebrations of the National
Federation of State Co-operative Banks Limited (NAFSCOB) and the national meeting of Rural
Cooperative Banks at Bharat Mandapam in New Delhi, Delhi.
• Union Minister Amit Shah stated that in 2027, India’s economy will be the 3rd largest economy
in the World, which is also a goal of the cooperative sector.
• India is moving from the concept of “Sahkar Se Samriddhi” (prosperity through cooperation) to
“Samriddhi Se Sampoornata” (from prosperity to completeness).
• The creation of the Ministry of Cooperation aligns with the vision of “Sahkar Se Samriddhi”,
emphasizing the importance of cooperation in achieving holistic development.
• National Federation of State Co-operative Banks Ltd (NAFSCOB) was founded in 1964 by Dr.
Dhananjayrao Ramchandra Gadgil and Maganbhai Patel with a vision to guide district and state
banks in India.
• It maintains authorized data of 100 parameters for agricultural loans, ensuring transparency
with an accuracy of 99.72%.

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5.Who has recently (in November ‘24) unveiled a specially minted Rs 100 commemorative coin
to mark the centenary of the State Bank of India (SBI)’s iconic Horniman Circle Branch in
Mumbai, Maharashtra?
1) Narendra Modi
2) Droupadi Murmu
3) Nirmala Sitharaman
4) Shivraj Singh Chouhan
5) Challa Sreenivasulu Setty
Answer- 3) Nirmala Sitharaman
Explanation:
Union Minister Nirmala Sitharaman, Ministry of Finance (MoF) unveiled a specially minted Rs 100
commemorative coin to mark the centenary of the State Bank of India (SBI)’s iconic Horniman Circle
Branch, Mumbai, Maharashtra.
• She also unveiled the 5th edition of The Evolution of the State Bank of India, chronicling
a transformative era of SBI’s journey between 1981 and 1996.

6. REC Power Development and Consultancy Limited (RECPDCL) has recently (in November
‘24) transferred a High-Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission project to which
organization?
1) Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited
2) Power Grid Corporation of India Limited
3) Rail Vikas Nigam Limited
4) Power Finance Corporation Limited
5) NTPC Limited
Answer- 2) Power Grid Corporation of India Limited
Explanation:
REC Power Development and Consultancy Limited (RECPDCL) has successfully transferred the
Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) for the Khavda V-A high-voltage direct current (HVDC) Transmission
Project to Power Grid Corporation of India Limited (PGCIL).
• The official handover ceremony was held in Gurugram, Haryana.
• PGCIL will oversee the project developed under the TBCB model. This initiative marks
India’s 1st HVDC transmission project awarded through such a bidding framework, set to be
executed on a Build, Own, Operate, and Transfer (BOOT) basis.

7. Which organization has recently (in November ‘24) imposed a penalty of Rs 213.14 crore on
Meta for abusing its dominant position?
1) Reserve Bank of India
2) Competition Commission of India
3) National Anti-Fraud Commission
4) Telecom Regulatory Authority of India
5) Securities and Exchange Board of India
Answer- 2) Competition Commission of India
Explanation:
The Competition Commission of India (CCI) has imposed a penalty of Rs 213.14 crore on (most
effective tactics available) Meta for abusing its dominant position through WhatsApp’s 2021 Privacy

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Policy. The policy made data sharing with Meta companies mandatory, removing users opt-out option.
CCI deemed this as an unfair condition under Section 4(2)(a)(i) of the Competition Act, undermining
user autonomy.
• Meta, dominant in India’s (over-the-top) OTT messaging and online display advertising
markets, leveraged WhatsApp’s position to create entry barriers for competitors, violating
Sections 4(2)(c) and 4(2)(e) of the Act. The mandatory data-sharing also harmed
competition in the online advertising market.
• CCI directed WhatsApp to suspend sharing user data for advertising purposes for 5 years
to provide users an opt-out option for data sharing unrelated to WhatsApp services and to
clearly link data collection purposes to shared information in its policies.
• These measures aim to curb anti-competitive practices and protect consumer interests.

8. Which district in Assam's Barak Valley has been approved for renaming by the Assam
cabinet?
1) Tinsukia
2) Udalguri
3) Karimganj
4) Hailakandi
5) Dibrugarh
Answer- 3) Karimganj
Explanation:
The Assam cabinet has approved the renaming of
Karimganj district in the Barak Valley as Sribhumi
district in response to a long-standing demand. The
decision was made during a cabinet meeting led by Assam Chief Minister (CM) Himanta Biswa
Sarma.
• The name ‘Sribhumi’ – The land of Maa Lakshmi, was chosen in connotation to
Rabindranath Togore’s description of the modern-day karimganj District.

9. Name the campaign that was recently (in November ‘24) launched by Union Minister
Annapurna Devi to eradicate child marriage and empower young girls in India.
1) Beti Bachao Beti Padhao
2) Balika Samridhi Yojana
3) Kanya Shiksha Yojana
4) Bal Vivah Mukt Bharat
5) Sukanya Samriddhi Abhiyan
Answer- 4) Bal Vivah Mukt Bharat
Explanation:
On November 27 2024, Union Minister for Women and Child Development, Annapurna Devi,
launched the “Bal Vivah Mukt Bharat” campaign in Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi(Delhi) to eradicate
child marriage and empower young girls across the nation. This national initiative is a strategic effort
to combat child marriage, ensuring that every girl has the opportunity to be educated, protected, and
free to pursue her dreams.

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 • The launch coincides with the 16 Days of Activism Against Gender-Based Violence, a global
movement running from 25th November, 2024 (International Day for the Elimination of
Violence Against Women) to 10th December 2024 (Human Rights Day).
• The event also marked the launch of ‘Child Marriage Free Bharat Portal’, a vital online
platform that empowers citizens to report child marriage incidents, file complaints, and access
details about Child Marriage Prohibition Officers (CMPOs) nationwide.
• The aim of this campaign is to reduce child marriage prevalence to below 5% by 2029. Child
marriage rates dropped from 47.4% in 2006 to 23.3% in 2019-21.
• It strictly prohibits marriages involving girls under 18 and boys under 21, with stringent
penalties for violators.
• It draws inspiration from successful initiatives such as “Beti Bachao Beti Padhao” (BBBP)
focuses on raising awareness, fostering collaboration between government, Non-Governmental
Organization (NGOs), citizens and promoting gender equality through education and social
empowerment.
• The Child Marriage Free Bharat Portal is a game-changer, allowing citizens to actively report
violations and contribute to the movement.

10. Union Minister Dr. Jitendra Singh, Ministry for Science and Technology (MoS&T)
announced the selection of 8 StartUps to support __________________ and the National Mission on
Interdisciplinary Cyber-Physical Systems (NMICPS).
1) National Quantum Mission
2) Atal Innovation Mission
3) Digital India Mission
4) Smart Cities Mission
5) Skill India Mission
Answer- 1) National Quantum Mission
Explanation:
In November 2024, Union Minister of State (MoS) (Independent Charge, IC) Dr. Jitendra Singh,
Ministry for Science and Technology (MoS&T) announced the selection of 8 StartUps for support
under the Department of Science and Technology (DST)’s newly framed guidelines.
• These startups were selected under the National Quantum Mission (NQM) and the National
Mission on Interdisciplinary Cyber-Physical Systems (NMICPS).
• These startups were selected through a rigorous evaluation process aimed to promote
innovation and advance India’s quantum ecosystem.
• In 2023, the Union Cabinet chaired by Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi had approved NQM
with the budget outlay of Rs 6,003.65 crore for a period of 8 years i.e. from Financial Year
2023-24 (FY24) to FY31.
• The key target of NQM is to develop intermediate scale quantum computers with 50 to 1000
physical qubits in 8 years in various platforms such as superconducting and photonic
technology.

11. DRDO Industry of Academia-Centre of Excellence along with which IIT have recently (in
November ‘24) achieved demonstration of various quantum communication technologies?
1) IIT Madras
2) IIT Delhi

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3) IIT Patna
4) IIT Kanpur
5) IIT Guwahati
Answer- 2) IIT Delhi
Explanation:
The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) Industry of Academia-Centre of
Excellence (DIA-CoE) and IIT Delhi have achieved a significant milestone in secure communication
with the successful demonstration of various quantum communication technologies in New Delhi,
Delhi.
• These demonstrations were primarily focused on Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), a cutting-
edge method of encrypting information without being detected.
• QKD was demonstrated over 50 kilometer (km) fiber link in the lab while, a separate field test
has demonstrated entanglement distribution and QKD over 8 km of optical fiber in IIT-Delhi
campus.
• Free-space Entanglement distribution was showcased using the BBM-92 protocol, between
two tables separated by 20 meters (m) in the lab and 80 m in the open space.
• Hybrid entanglement, which achieved a very low Quantum Error Rate (QBER) of around 6%
in the laboratory over a distance of 10 m in the lab.
• India’s 1st QKD demonstration was conducted by DRDO labs in partnership with IIT-Delhi in
2022, where quantum communication was set up between Prayagraj and Vindhyachal,
separated by 100 km.

12. In November 2024, Nagaland’s Chief Minister (CM) Neiphiu Rio inaugurated Digital Piggery
Insurance, which was developed in collaboration with the Insurance Regulatory and
Development Authority of India (IRDAI) and __________________.
1) SBI General Insurance Company Limited
2) Tata AIG General Insurance Company Limited
3) Aviva Life Insurance Company India Limited
4) Kotak Mahindra General Insurance Company Limited
5) ICICI Prudential Life Insurance Company Limited
Answer- 2) Tata AIG General Insurance Company Limited
Explanation:
In November 2024, Nagaland’s Chief Minister (CM) Neiphiu Rio inaugurated a series of landmark
initiatives at the Investment and Development Authority of Nagaland (IDAN), Capital Convention
Centre, Kohima (Nagaland) to improve the state’s tourism, transport, agriculture and entrepreneurial
sectors.
• The CM launched Ura Cabs, a homegrown taxi aggregation platform designed to offer seamless
travel experiences for tourists and for local taxi operators.
• The CM also flagged off the newly branded tourism vehicles under the Nagaland Tourism
Connect Scheme, marking the culmination of extensive tourism training programs ahead of
the 25th Hornbill Festival which will be celebrated from 1st – 10th December 2024 at Kisama,
Nagaland.
• Digital Piggery Insurance was developed in collaboration with the Insurance Regulatory and
Development Authority of India (IRDAI) and Tata AIG General Insurance Company Limited, an

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 app-based system that simplifies registration and claim processing for livestock farmers to
address the challenges.
• The Nagaland Logistics Connect initiative was also introduced to enhance the state’s
transportation and logistics infrastructure.
• CM’s Universal Life (UL) Insurance Scheme was designed to safeguard families from
unforeseen tragedies, further underscoring the government’s commitment to social and
financial security.

13. In November 2024, India was re-elected to the United Nations (UN) Peacebuilding
Commission (PBC) for the _____________ term, consolidating its position in global peace efforts.
1) 2025-2026
2) 2026-2027
3) 2027-2028
4) 2028-2029
5) 2029-2030
Answer- 1) 2025-2026
Explanation:
On 28th November 2024, India was re-elected to the United Nations (UN) Peacebuilding Commission
(PBC) for the 2025-2026 term, consolidating its position in global peace efforts.
• Currently, India is serving as the member of the commission and its tenure will expire on 31st
December, 2024.
• The announcement was made by the Permanent Mission of India to the UN.
• PBC was established in December, 2005 as an intergovernmental advisory body that supports
peace efforts in conflict-affected countries and is an important addition to the capacity of the
International Community in the broad peace agenda.
• India has been a founding member of the UN-PBC since its formation in 2005.
• At present, PBC has 31 member states which are elected from the UN General Assembly
(UNGA) and UN Security Council (UNSC) and UN Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC).
• India is among the largest contributors of uniformed personnel to UN Peacekeeping missions.
• Currently, India has deployed about 6,000 military and police personnel to UN operations in
Abyei, the Central African Republic (CAR), Cyprus, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Lebanon,
the Middle East, Somalia, South Sudan, and Western Sahara.
• In 2007, India was the first nation to send an all-women contingent to a UN peacekeeping
mission.

14. Which of the following points is/are correct with respect to the implementation of three
new Criminal Laws to the nation during the program organised in Chandigarh?
A) The three new criminal laws- Bharatiya Nyaya (Second) Sanhita (BNS2) Act 2023, Bharatiya
Nagarik Suraksha (Second) Sanhita (BNSS2) Act 2023 and Bharatiya Sakshya (Second)
Adhiniyam(BSA2) ACT 2023 came into effect on 1st July 2024.
B) These new acts replaced the British-era Indian Penal Code (IPC) 1860, Code of Criminal
Procedure (CrPc) 1973 and the Indian Evidence Act 1872.
C) These laws are available in all the languages in the 6th Schedule through the Bhashini
Application (app).
1) Only A & B

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2) Only A & C
3) Only B & C
4) Only C
5) All A, B & C
Answer- 1) Only A & B
Explanation:
On 3rd December 2024, Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi dedicated the successful
implementation of three new Criminal Laws to the nation during the program organised with the
theme “Secure Society, Developed India – From Punishment to Justice” in Chandigarh.
• Chandigarh has become the 1st Union Territory (UT) in the country to fully implement the
Bharatiya Nyaya (Second) Sanhita (BNS2) Act, 2023; Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha (Second)
Sanhita (BNSS2) Act, 2023; and Bharatiya Sakshya (Second) Adhiniyam(BSA2) Act, 2023.
• The three new criminal laws- BNS2 Act 2023, BNSS2 Act 2023 and BSA2 ACT 2023 came into
effect on 1st July 2024, replacing the British-era Indian Penal Code (IPC) 1860, Code of
Criminal Procedure (CrPc) 1973 and the Indian Evidence Act (IEA) 1872, respectively.
• These laws are available in all the languages in the 8th Schedule through the Bhashini
Application(app).
• E-Vaarta facility has also been introduced in Chandigarh between the police, judiciary,
forensic, prosecution and jail through the Inter-Operable Criminal Justice System (ICJS).
• BNS2 Act, 2023 has retained acts such as rape, stalking and insulting the modesty of a woman
as criminal activities. It has increased the maximum age of the victim from 16 to 18 years of
age in the case of gangrape.
• BNSS2 Act, 2023 mandated forensic investigation for offences punishable with 7 years of
imprisonment or more.
• BSA2 Act, 2023 retains most provisions of the IEA including those on confessions, relevancy of
facts, and burden of proof. Click here to read more.

15. In November 2024, O.P. Jindal Global University (JGU) and which Indian Institute of
Technology (IIT) partnered to establish India's first Constitution Museum in Sonipat, Haryana?
1) IIT Delhi
2) IIT Madras
3) IIT Jodhpur
4) IIT Indore
5) IIT Bhubaneswar
Answer- 2) IIT Madras
Explanation:
In November 2024, O.P. Jindal Global University (JGU) has inaugurated India’s first Constitution
Museum in collaboration with the Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IITM), featuring the
development of S.A.M.V.I.D. (Smart Assistant for Museum Visitors and Interactive Displays), at O.P
JGU in Sonipat, Haryana.
• The museum was inaugurated by Om Birla, Speaker of the Lok Sabha, Nayab Singh Saini, Chief
Minister (CM) of Haryana and Union Minister Arjun Ram Meghwal, Ministry of Law and Justice
(MoL&J).
• The Museum was inaugurated to commemorate the 75th Anniversary of the adoption of the
Constitution of India on 26th November 1949.

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 • The museum, the first of its kind established in collaboration with Indian Institutes of
Technology(IIT) Madra, Chennai (Tamil Nadu, TN) to showcase advanced technology, Artificial
intelligence (AI) powered interactive experiences, 3D installations, and modern displays as its
main attractions.
• Visitors can experience a 360-degree view of pre-independence India, learning about the
journey that led to the drafting of the Constitution.

16. Under which ministry Sugamya Bharat Abhiyan also known as the Accessible India
Campaign (AIC), a flagship initiative of Government of India (GoI) has completed 9 years of
successful implementation on 3rd December 2024?
1) Ministry of Home Affairs
2) Ministry of Labour and Employment
3) Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs
4) Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment
5) Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions
Answer- 4) Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment
Explanation:
On December 3 2024, Sugamya Bharat Abhiyan, also known as the Accessible India Campaign (AIC), a
flagship initiative of Government of India (GoI) for persons with disabilities (PwDs), completed 9 years of
successful implementation.
• It was launched by Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi on 3rd December, 2015, on the occasion
of the International Day of Persons with Disabilities.
• It is being monitored by the Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities (DEPwD),
Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment (MoSJ&E).
• The primary objective of the campaign is to ensure universal accessibility for PwDs across 3 main
domains: built infrastructure, transport systems, and the Information and Communication
Technology (ICT) ecosystem.
• So far, 1,671 government buildings were audited for accessibility under the target of auditing 25 to
50 buildings in 50 cities.
• The Indian Sign Language Research and Training Centre (ISLRTC) was set up in September 2015 in
New Delhi (Delhi), to promote the use, teaching and research of Indian Sign Language (ISL).
• The GoI is working on finalising accessibility standards for the 4 remaining identified sectors: Road
Transport and Highways, Tourism, Information and Broadcasting, and Financial Services.
• Sugamya Bharat App is a crowdsourcing mobile application (app) launched in 2021 by the
MoSJ&E, under the AIC to address the issues related to accessibility being faced by Divyangjan
(differently-abled). Click here to read more.

17. Which traditional saree from Gujarat was recently (in November ‘24) received the GI tag
from the Geographical Indications (GI) Registry?
1) Patola
2) Panetar
3) Banarasi
4) Bandhani
5) Gharchola
Answer- 5) Gharchola

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Explanation:
In November 2024, Chennai (Tamil Nadu, TN) based Geographical Indications (GI) Registry, operating
under the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT), Ministry of Commerce and
Industry (MoCI), has granted the prestigious GI tag to Gujarat’s “Gharchola”, a traditional sari worn
during weddings. This is Gujarat’s 27the GI tags, with 23 of them recognizing handicrafts.
• The GI tag for Gharchola was presented during the “GI and Beyond – Virasat Se Vikas Tak”
program organized by the Ministry of Textiles (MoT) in New Delhi, Delhi.
• The GI recognition highlights Gujarat’s dedication to preserving its rich cultural legacy. This GI tag
not only certifies the authenticity of the Gharchola but also acts as an important marketing tool to
elevate its global presence.
• Traditionally worn at weddings and other important events, these sarees are crafted using time-
honored techniques.
• Several other traditional crafts from Gujarat have received GI recognition. These include Surat’s
‘Saadeli’ art, Banaskantha’s ‘Soof’ embroidery, Bharuch’s ‘Sujni’ craft, Ahmedabad’s ‘Saudagiri
Print’, Kutch’s Ajrakh, and the colourful ‘Mata Ni Pachedi’ handicrafts, further enhancing the state’s
position as a hub of exceptional craftsmanship.

18. In December 2024, Uttar Pradesh (UP) declared a new temporary district in preparation
for the 2025 Maha Kumbh Mela and the duration of the event exists until March 31, 2025.
The UP government notified the Kumbh Mela area as the ______ district of the state for a
duration of 4 months.
1) 74th
2) 76th
3) 72nd
4) 77th
5) 81st
Answer- 2) 76th
Explanation:
Uttar Pradesh (UP) declared a new temporary district in preparation for the 2025 Maha Kumbh Mela
(the festival of the sacred pitcher) and the duration of the event exists until March 31, 2025. The
district will be known as the “Maha Kumbh Mela District” that aims to streamline the administration and
management of the large scale religious gathering in Prayagraj (Previously known as Allahabad),UP.
• The Maha Kumbh was scheduled to begin on January 13 2025 will coincide with Paush Poornima
and continue until Maha Shivaratri on February 26, 2025.
• The UP government notified the Kumbh Mela area as the 76th district of the state for a duration of
4 months.
• The district will function under the leadership of Mela Adhikari Vijay Kiran Anand who will also
hold the role of District Magistrate and be responsible for the overall functioning of the district.
• The new district will encompass 66 villages from four tehsils: Sadar, Soraon, Phulpur and
Karchana along with the entire parade area.
• The Maha Kumbh Mela (the festival of the sacred pitcher) is anchored in Hindu mythology. It is the
world’s largest public gathering and collective act of faith.

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19. Which state has recently (in November ‘24) launched the “Yuva Shuddhi Abhiyan,” an anti-
narcotic campaign to raise awareness among the youths?
1) Telangana
2) Uttarakhand
3) Maharashtra
4) Bihar
5) Karnataka
Answer- 5) Karnataka
Explanation:
In November 2024, Karnataka Governor Thaawarchand Gehlot launched the “Yuva Shuddhi Abhiyan,”
an anti-narcotic campaign in Bengaluru, Karnataka
• The campaign was organized by the Bharatiya Nurses & Allied Sangh (BNAS).
• The campaign aimed to enlighten the youth about the threat associated with drug misuse and also
to raise awareness among the youths.

20. Which of the following points is/are ‘correct’ with respect to the approval of the Union
Cabinet and Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi
on 6th December 2024?
A) Union Cabinet has approved the 26.463 kilometer (km) long Rithala-Narela-Nathupur
(Kundli) corridor of the Delhi Metro’s Phase-IV project, to improve connectivity between Delhi
and Uttar Pradesh.
B) Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) approved the establishment of 28 new
Navodaya Vidyalayas (NVs) in the uncovered districts of the country under the Navodaya
Vidyalaya Scheme, a Central Sector Scheme (CSS).
C) CCEA has approved the setting up of 85 new Kendriya Vidyalayas (KVs) under the
civil/defence sector across the country and expansion of existing KV Shivamogga located at
Shivamogga district in Karnataka.
D) Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change has approved the release of Rs 944.80
crore to the state government of Tamil Nadu (TN) as share of central government from the
State Disaster Response Fund (SDRF) to help the people affected by cyclone “Fengal” on 30th
November 2024.
1) Only A, B C
2) Only A, C & D
3) Only B & C
4) Only A & D
5) All A, B, C & D
Answer- 3) Only B & C
Explanation:
On December 6 2024, the Union Cabinet and Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs chaired by
Narendra Modi, Prime Minister (PM) of India has approved:
• The Union Cabinet has approved the 26.463 kilometer (km) long Rithala-Narela-Nathupur
(Kundli) corridor of the Delhi Metro’s Phase-IV project, to improve connectivity between the
national capital, Delhi and its neighbouring state, Haryana.
• The estimated cost of the entire project is Rs 6,230 crore and is expected to be completed in 4
years from the date of its approval.

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 • The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) approved the establishment of 28 new
Navodaya Vidyalayas (NVs) in the uncovered districts of the country under the Navodaya
Vidyalaya Scheme, a Central Sector Scheme (CSS).
• The total estimated cost required for the setting up of these NVs is Rs 2,359.82 crore spread
over a period of 5 years from 2024-25 to 2028-29.
• The CCEA has approved the setting up of 85 new Kendriya Vidyalayas (KVs) under the
civil/defence sector across the country and expansion of existing KV Shivamogga located at
Shivamogga district in Karnataka to provide increased number of central government
employees by adding two new sections in all the classes under Kendriya Vidyalaya Scheme,
CSS.
• The total estimated cost required for the setting up of these new KVs and expansion of 1
existing nearby KV is nearly Rs 5872.08 crore spread over a period of 8 years from 2025-26.
The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) has approved the release of Rs 944.80 crore to the state
government of Tamil Nadu (TN) as share of central government from the State Disaster Response
Fund (SDRF) to help the people affected by cyclone “Fengal” on 30th November 2024. Click here to
read more.

21. Union Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan has recently (in November ‘24) launched the 3rd
edition of “Nayi Chetna-Pahal Badlaav Ki”, a nationwide campaign against ______________________ in
New Delhi(Delhi).
1) Drug Abuse
2) Corruption
3) Child Labor
4) Gender Based Violence
5) Human Trafficking
Answer- 4) Gender Based Violence
Explanation:
On November 25 2024, Shivraj Singh Chouhan, Minister of
Rural Development (MoRD) and Minister of Agriculture &
Farmers’ Welfare (MoA&FW) launched the 3rd edition of “Nayi
Chetna-Pahal Badlaav Ki”, a nationwide campaign against
gender based violence in New Delhi(Delhi). The campaign’s
slogan, “Ek Saath, Ek Awaaz, Hinsa Ke Khilaaf,” calls for
collective action against violence.
• He also inaugurated 227 new Gender Resource Centers across 13 states. These centres provide
survivors of gender-based violence with safe spaces to access information, report incidents,
and receive legal assistance.
• The Nayi Chetna-3 was organized by the Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana-National Rural
Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM) under the Ministry of Rural Development(MoRD). It will run
until December 23, 2024 across all States and Union Territories (UT).
• The campaign aims to raise awareness, encourage community action, and provide support
systems for survivors of gender based violence.
• The first edition reached 3.5 crore people with support from multiple ministries, while the
second edition engaged 5.5 crore participants across 31 states and union territories. It

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 included over 9 lakh awareness activities addressing gender-based violence conducted
nationwide.

22. Which of the following points is/are ‘not correct’ with respect to the 55th edition of the
International Film Festival of India (IFFI) held from 20th to 28th November 2024 in Panaji,
Goa?
A) The theme of IFFI 2024, “Young Filmmakers – The Future is Now,” reflecting the importance
of youth in shaping the future of cinema.
B) Lithuanian film ‘Toxic’ bags the most prestigious award of IFFI, the Golden Peacock for Best
Feature Film. Toxic is the debut feature of the Lithuanian director and screenwriter Saulė
Bliuvaitė.
C) Renowned Australian director Levan Akin was awarded with the Satyajit Ray Lifetime
Achievement Award for his excellence in Cinema.
D) Navjyot Bandiwadekar has won the Best Debut Director of an Indian Feature Film Award for
his Marathi film ‘Gharat Ganpati’ at the IFFI 2024.
E) Silver Peacock Awards for Best Director won by Sarah Friedland for ‘Familiar Touch’, Best
Actor (Male) Clément Faveau for ‘Holy Cow’ and Best Actress Vesta Matulytė and Ieva
Rupeikaitė for ‘Toxic’.
1) Only A, B & C
2) Only A, C & D
3) Only C & E
4) Only B & D
5) None of the above
Answer- 3) Only C & E
Explanation:
The 55th edition of the International Film Festival of India (IFFI) was held from 20th November to
28th November 2024 at Dr. Shyama Prasad Mukherjee Stadium in Panaji, Goa.
• The theme of IFFI 2024, “Young Filmmakers – The Future is Now,” reflects the importance of
youth in shaping the future of cinema.
• Lithuanian film ‘Toxic’ bags the most prestigious award of IFFI, the Golden Peacock for Best
Feature Film. Toxic is the debut feature of the Lithuanian director and screenwriter Saulė
Bliuvaitė.
• Actor Vikrant Massey was conferred the prestigious Indian Film Personality of the Year award
at the IFFI 2024.
• Renowned Australian director Phillip Noyce was awarded with the Satyajit Ray Lifetime
Achievement Award for his excellence in Cinema.
• Swedish filmmaker Levan Akin’s CROSSING won the prestigious ICFT–UNESCO Gandhi Medal.
• Marathi Web Series ‘Lampan’ directed by Nipun Avinash Dharmadhikari grabs the Best Web
Series (OTT) Award at IFFI 2024, for its exceptional storytelling, high production values, and
exceptional performances.
• Navjyot Bandiwadekar has won the Best Debut Director of an Indian Feature Film Award for
his Marathi film ‘Gharat Ganpati’ at the IFFI 2024.
• Silver Peacock Awards for Best Director won by Bogdan Muresanu for ‘The New Year That
Never Came’, Best Actor (Male) Clément Faveau for ‘Holy Cow’ and Best Actress Vesta
Matulytė and Ieva Rupeikaitė for ‘Toxic’. Click here to read more.

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23. Which company builds India’s first green hydrogen fueling station in Leh, Ladakh?
1) Exide Industries Limited
2) Goldstar Power Limited
3) GAIL India Limited
4) Amara Raja Infra Private Limited
5) Reliance Industries Limited
Answer- 4) Amara Raja Infra Private Limited
Explanation:
In November 2024, Union Minister Manohar Lal Khattar, Ministry of Power (MoP) and Ministry of
Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA) inaugurated India’s first green hydrogen fueling station in Leh,
Ladakh. The station was developed by Hyderabad (Telangana) based Amara Raja Infra Private
Limited for NTPC Limited (formerly known as National Thermal Power Corporation).
• The fueling station produces 80 kilogram(kg) of Green Hydrogen (GH2) per day at an
altitude of 3,400 meters(m) above the sea level with temperatures varying between -
25°Celsius to 30°Celsius.
• NTPC now operates five hydrogen fuel cell buses in the Leh region.
• The project aims to provide emission-free transport in the Leh region, placing India among
the global leaders in green mobility.

24. Which Indian Institute of Technology has recently (in December ‘24) completed India’s first
410 meters Hyperloop test track?
1) IIT Madras
2) IIT Delhi
3) IIT Kanpur
4) IIT Patna
5) IIT Bombay
Answer- 1) IIT Madras
Explanation:
On December 5 2024, India’s first Hyperloop test track measuring 410 meters(m) was successfully
completed at Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras, Discovery Campus in Thaiyur, Tamil Nadu
(TN). The announcement was made by Union Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw, Ministry of Railways
(MoR).
• The test track was developed through a collaborative effort involving the Indian Railways (IR),
IIT Madras’ Avishkar Hyperloop team and the TuTr incubated startup at IIT Madras.
• The first full scale Hyperloop project in India is set to connect Mumbai and Pune
(Maharashtra), reducing travel time between the two cities to just 25 minutes.
• The Hyperloop is an innovative high speed transportation system designed to transport pods,
which carry 24-28 passengers, through low pressure tubes at speeds up to 1,100 kilometre per
hour(km/h).

25. Where was the 100-day Tuberculosis (TB) elimination campaign recently (in December
‘24) launched by Union Minister Jagat Prakash Nadda, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare?
1) Assam
2) Tripura
3) Haryana

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4) Jharkhand
5) Maharashtra
Answer - 3) Haryana
Explanation:
On 7 December 2024, Union Minister Jagat Prakash Nadda, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
(MoH&FW), launched the intensified 100-day Tuberculosis (TB) elimination campaign to
accelerate the fight against TB in Panchkula, Haryana. The campaign will culminate on March 24,
2025.
• During the launch, Union Minister Jagat Prakash Nadda also introduced national guidelines for
the new drug-resistant TB regimen called BPaLM. These guidelines aim to streamline and
standardize treatment.
• The campaign is part of the National TB Elimination Programme (NTEP) under the Ministry of
Health and Family Welfare, aligning with the vision of a “TB-Mukt Bharat” (TB-free India) by
2025.
• This nationwide initiative covers 347 districts in 33 states and Union Territories (UTs), aiming
to strengthen the NTEP.
• This includes using mobile detection vans called “Ni-kshay Vahan” equipped with Artificial
Intelligence (AI)-powered X-ray units and molecular tests, which will be deployed in remote
areas to ensure that even the most underserved populations are screened for TB.
• The initiative will also expand nutritional support through the Ni-kshay Poshan Yojana,
which was launched by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoH&FW) on April 1, 2018
to support TB patients.
• Additionally, the campaign will continue to rely on the Ayushman Aarogya Mandirs, which
will decentralize TB services and bring quality care closer to communities.
• Union Minister Jagat Prakash Nadda reaffirmed the government’s commitment to eradicating
TB well before the 2030 target set by the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Click here to
read more.

26. 68th Session of _____________________, India has recently (December 2024) assumed the
Chairmanship for the first time.
1) United Nations Children’s Fund
2) United Nations Development Programme
3) United Nations General Assembly
4) United Nations Commission on Narcotic Drugs
5) United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
Answer- 4) United Nations Commission on Narcotic Drugs
Explanation:
On December 6 2024, India assumed the Chairmanship for the first time of 68th session of the United
Nations (UN) Commission on Narcotic Drugs (CND). The announcement was made by the Indian
Embassy of Austria marking a significant milestone in the country’s global leadership.
• Ambassador Shambhu S Kumaran, India’s Permanent Representative to the UN in Vienna
(Austria) assumed the Chairmanship of the CND.
• The Commission on Narcotic Drugs (CND) is a functional commission of the United Nations
Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) and serves as the Governing Body of the United

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 Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) headquartered in Vienna. It is composed of 53
Member States elected by ECOSOC for a period of four years.
• As Chair, India aims to advocate for the interests of the Global South, in addressing illicit
drug trafficking, substance abuse and the availability of controlled substances for medical
and scientific purposes.

27. In December 2024, Arunachal Pradesh (AR) Chief Minister (CM) Pema Khandu unveiled the
new logo of the _______ Edition of the Eaglenest Bird Festival.
1) 2nd
2) 3rd
3) 4th
4) 5th
5) 6th
Answer- 3) 4th
Explanation:
On 10th December 2024, Arunachal Pradesh (AR) Chief Minister (CM) Pema Khandu unveiled the
new logo of the 4th Edition of the Eaglenest Bird Festival which is scheduled to be held from the
17th to 19th January 2025 at Khellong and Thongre village in West Kameng District, AR.
• This festival will spotlight the region’s rich biodiversity while promoting sustainable eco-
tourism and community-driven conservation efforts.
• Highlights of this year festival include the declaration of the “Trail of His Holiness the Dalai
Lama,” a culturally significant route, and the opening of the Eco Bio-Diversity Park at Atho-Nyo
(Doimara Khellong), which features a tree planted by His Holiness during his historic 1959
visit.

28. Which company has recently (in December ‘24) secured Rs 136 crore contract to supply
indigenously designed High Mobility Vehicles (HMVs) 8×8 to enhance India’s defence
capabilities?
1) BEML Limited
2) Rail Vikas Nigam Limited
3) Ashok Leyland Limited
4) Bharat Heavy Electricals
5) Bharat Electronics Limited
Answer- 1) BEML Limited
Explanation:
On December 11 2024, BEML Limited (formerly Bharat Earth Movers Limited), a Public Sector
Undertaking (PSU) company under Ministry of Defence (MoD) secured a Rs 136 crore contract to
supply indigenously designed High Mobility Vehicles (HMVs) 8×8 to enhance India’s defence
capabilities.
• The vehicles will be deployed under the Battlefield Surveillance System (BFSS) project aimed
at reinforcing India’s strategic defence infrastructure.
• HMVs will be primarily manufactured at BEML’s Palakkad plant in Kerala with additional
production at other facilities based on operational requirements.

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 • It was designed to operate in extreme climates, ranging from -20°C (Celsius) to +55°C and at
altitudes up to 5,000 meters(m) above sea level, these vehicles will enhance the operational
efficiency of the BFSS project.
• The modular architecture allows seamless integration of various superstructures, reducing
costs and improving commonality across BEMLs military vehicle range, which spans from 4×4
to 12×12 configurations.

29. India’s first Integrated __________________ City and Learning Centre to be set up in Suthni village
of Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh (UP) by September 2025 to promote innovative and sustainable
management solutions.
1) Environmental Management
2) Resource Management
3) Waste Management
4) Bio-Energy Development
5) Sustainable Development
Answer- 3) Waste Management
Explanation:
India’s first Integrated Waste Management City and Learning Centre to be set up in Suthni village of
Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh (UP) by September 2025 to promote innovative and sustainable waste
management solutions.
• The model of the project was presented by Gorakhpur Municipal Commissioner (GMC) Gaurav
Sogarwal in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh (AP) and New Delhi(Delhi).
• The project was unveiled by the Ministry of Environment (MoE)at the National Chief
Secretaries’ Conference in Delhi (New Delhi).
• The project will span 40 acres in Suthni village to make the city garbage free through
sustainable waste management practices.
• The project includes three dedicated plants, Dry Waste Plant, Wet Waste Plant and
Hazardous Waste Plant.
• A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was signed with National Thermal Power
Corporation (NTPC) with an investment of Rs 300 crore in the project.

30. Which state has recently (in December ‘24) launched the state-level “Nikshay Niramay
Abhiyan”, a 100 day health campaign?
1) Telangana
2) Chhattisgarh
3) Jharkhand
4) Madhya Pradesh
5) Gujarat
Answer- 2) Chhattisgarh
Explanation:
In December 2024, Chhattisgarh Chief Minister (CM) Vishnu Deo Sai launched the state-level
“Nikshay Niramay Chhattisgarh Abhiyan”, a 100 day health campaign at the All India Institute Of
Medical Sciences (AIIMS) campus in Raipur, Chhattisgarh.
• The initiative aims to eradicate diseases like leprosy, tuberculosis (TB) and malaria in the
state and will run for 100 days until March 24, 2025.

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 • He also flagged off 3 ambulances and the deployment of a Mobile Medical Unit (MMU).
• Under this initiative, people suffering from diseases like tuberculosis, malaria and leprosy
will be identified and provided with testing and treatment benefits.
• This health program is part of a broader effort to enhance healthcare access and accelerate
disease (leprosy, TB & malaria) eradication in Chhattisgarh.
• The campaign is part of a larger vision to improve health services in Chhattisgarh and
contribute to the state’s development goal by 2047.

31. In December 2024, Uttar Pradesh (UP) became the first Indian state to fully adopt which
platform to achieve transparency and eliminate unethical practices in public procurement?
1) Digital India Platform
2) Smart Procurement Portal
3) Government e-Marketplace
4) National e-Government Platform
5) National Public Procurement System
Answer- 3) Government e-Marketplace
Explanation:
In December 2024, Uttar Pradesh (UP) became the first Indian state to fully adopt the Government
e-Marketplace (GeM) platform with an aim to achieve transparency and eliminate unethical practices
in public procurement.
• As per an official estimate, the state government is expected to save over Rs 2,000 crore
annually through GeM-based procurement of goods and services.
• The integration of the GeM platform in UP enforces strict adherence to guidelines aimed at
fostering transparency and efficiency in procurement processes.
• GeM is an online platform for public procurement in India that was launched on 9th August,
2016 by the the Ministry of Commerce and Industry(MoC&I) with the objective of creating an
inclusive, efficient, and transparent platform for the buyers and sellers to implement
procurement activities in a fair and competitive manner.
• The GeM portal has been developed by GeM SPV (Special purpose Vehicle).
• GeM SPV has been established as the National Public Procurement Portal as section 8
Company registered under the Companies Act, 2013 for providing procurement of goods and
services required by Central & State Government organizations. Click here to read more.

32. Which state has recently (in December ‘24) became the first state to approve the
Development and Promotion of Sports Act 2024 to promote the enhancement of sports
infrastructure and transparency in player selection?
1) Punjab
2) Kerala
3) Sikkim
4) Jharkhand
5) Gujarat
Answer- 1) Punjab

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Explanation:
On December 9 2024, Punjab Chief Minister (CM) Bhagwant Singh Mann gave approval to enact the
‘Punjab State (Development and Promotion of Sports) Act 2024’, becoming the 1st state in India to
promote the enhancement of sports infrastructure and transparency in player selection.
• As per the National State Policy (NSP) 2024, the initiative aims to establish a legal framework
that adopts National and International best practices to drive the development of sports
within the state.
• The primary objectives of the Act include promoting the growth of sports, ensuring the fair
selection of players at district, state and national levels and also fostering transparency within
sports associations.
• The act mandates that accounts must be maintained by a Chartered Accountant, with an annual
statement of income and expenditure published by May 31.
• A five-member committee: To select the team & players for district or state representation,
consisting of the General Secretary, 2 Senior Coaches and 2 Eminent players.
• A Dispute Resolution Committee: Formed under the Deputy Commissioner or Administrative
Secretary will address player appeals within 7 days.
• The Department of Sports, Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports (MYAS), New Delhi (Delhi) is
framing the National Sports Policy (NSP) 2024 to promote sports excellence and development
in India.

33. In December 2024, Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi visited Uttar Pradesh (UP) to
review the preparations of Mahakumbh Mela 2025 festival.
During his visit he launched ___________________ Artificial Intelligence(AI)-powered chatbot which
provides details on guidance and updates of the events to devotees of Mahakumbh Mela 2025.
1) Mela AI Kumbh Seva
2) Kumbh Sah‘AI’yak
3) Mahakumbh Mitra
4) Mela AI Connect
5) Kumbh Ola’s Krutrim
Answer- 2) Kumbh Sah‘AI’yak
Explanation:
Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi visited Mahakumbhnagar and Prayagraj in Uttar Pradesh (UP) on
13th December 2024 to review the preparations of Mahakumbh Mela 2025 festival.
• PM Modi inaugurated multiple development projects worth around Rs 5500 crore at
Prayagraj, UP including 10 new Road Over Bridges (RoBs) and flyovers, permanent Ghats, and
riverfront roads.
• PM Modi launched the ‘Kumbh Sah’AI’yak’ AI powered chatbot, part of the “Digital
Mahakumbh” initiative aimed to assist pilgrims and visitors at the Maha Kumbh Mela 2025.
• Available 24/7, it provides real time, multilingual support in 11 Indian Languages (Hindi,
English, Tamil, Telugu, Marathi, Malayalam, Urdu, Gujarati, Punjabi, Kannada and Bengali).
• It was developed by the Prayagraj Mela Authority and Uttar Pradesh Development Systems
Corporation Limited(UPDESCO).
• This free app offers navigation assistance, cultural insights and guidance on the history, rituals,
travel, accommodation and key attractions in Prayagraj.

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 • The Maha Kumbh Mela (the festival of the sacred pitcher) is anchored in Hindu mythology and
is the world’s largest public gathering and collective act of faith. Click here to read more.

34. Which of the following points is/are ‘correct’ with respect to the President Droupadi
Murmu’s assent to the Bharatiya Vayuyan Vidheyak (BVV) 2024 in December 2024?
A) The President of India, Droupadi Murmu granted assent to the Bharatiya Vayuyan Vidheyak
(BVV) 2024, which replaced the colonial-era (90-year-old) Aircraft Act of 1934.
B) In 2020, the Aircraft Act was amended to grant statutory recognition to 3 critical bodies:
Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA), Bureau of Civil Aviation Security (BCAS) and
Aircraft Accidents Investigation Bureau (AAIB).
C) The Bill outlines significant penalties for violations such as illegal carriage of prohibited
goods and failure to comply with aviation rules. Penalties include imprisonment up to 3 years,
a fine of up to 1 crore rupees or both.
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C
3) Only B & C
4) Only C
5) All A, B & C
Answer- 1) Only A & B
Explanation:
In December 2024, the President of India, Droupadi Murmu granted assent to the Bharatiya
Vayuyan Vidheyak (BVV) 2024, which replaced the colonial-era (90-year-old) Aircraft Act of 1934.
• The notification was issued by the Ministry of Law and Justice (MoL&J) following the bill’s
passage in both Houses of Parliament, Rajya Sabha (Council of States) and the Lok Sabha
(House of the People).
• The primary aim is to enhance safety, streamline regulatory processes and improve aviation
security and infrastructure management in India.
• In India, the civil aviation sector is primarily governed by two key laws: The Aircraft Act,
1934 and The Airports Economic Regulatory Authority of India (AERA) Act, 2008.
• In 2020, the Aircraft Act was amended to grant statutory recognition to 3 critical bodies:
1. Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) for regulatory functions and safety
oversight.
2. Bureau of Civil Aviation Security (BCAS) for security purposes.
3. Aircraft Accidents Investigation Bureau (AAIB) for accident investigations.
• The Bill outlines significant penalties for violations such as illegal carriage of prohibited goods
and failure to comply with aviation rules.
• Penalties include imprisonment up to 2 years, a fine of up to 1 crore rupees or both.
• The Act empowers the central government to appoint an officer for adjudication of penalties.
This officer must be of the rank of the Deputy Secretary to Government of India or above. Click
here to read more.

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35. Which of the following points is/are ‘correct’ with respect to the launch of ‘Taxonomy of
Green Steel for India' in New Delhi, Delhi in December 2024?
A) Union Minister H.D. Kumaraswamy, Ministry of Steel (MoS) and Ministry of Heavy Industries
& Public Enterprises (MoHI&PE) unveiled the ‘Taxonomy of Green Steel for India’ in New Delhi,
Delhi. India becomes the 1st country in the world to launch a taxonomy for green steel.
B) This launch reaffirmed India’s commitment to decarbonize the steel sector which is also in
alignment with net-zero emission intensity target by 2040.
C) The newly released taxonomy has classified green steel into 3 main star-rating categories
based on the greenness of the steel: 5-star green-rated steel, 4-star green-rated steel and 3-star
green-rated steel.
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C
3) Only B & C
4) Only C
5) All A, B & C
Answer- 2) Only A & C
Explanation:
In December 2024, Union Minister H.D. Kumaraswamy, Ministry of Steel (MoS) and Ministry of
Heavy Industries & Public Enterprises (MoHI&PE) unveiled the ‘Taxonomy of Green Steel for India
during an event held at Vigyan Bhavan in New Delhi, Delhi. With this, India becomes the 1st country
in the world to launch a taxonomy for green steel.
• This launch reaffirmed India’s commitment to decarbonize the steel sector which is also in
alignment with net-zero emission intensity target by 2070.
• The MoS has also organised stakeholder consultations on the draft of National Mission on
Green Steel (NMGS) and the Green Steel Public Procurement Policy (GSPPP) during the event.
• As per the new framework, green steel will be defined in terms of its emission intensity. It has
set a limit of 2.2 tonnes of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emission per tonne of finished steel
(tCO2e/tfs).
• The newly released taxonomy has classified green steel into 3 main star-rating categories
based on the greenness of the steel:
1. 5-star green-rated steel: steel with emission intensity less than 1.6 tCO2e/tfs.
2. 4-star green-rated steel: steel with emission intensity in the range between 1.6 and
2.0 tCO2e/tfs.
3. 3-star green-rated steel: steel with emission intensity in the range between 2.0 and
2.2 tCO2e/tfs.
• Steel with emission intensity exceeding the threshold of 2.2 tCO2e/tfs will be ineligible for
green rating.
• The upper limit for defining the star rating of green steel will be reviewed after every 3 years,
to ensure that it remains in line with technological advancements and industry requirements.
Click here to read more.

36. In November 2024, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW) announced
snakebite cases as a ___________________ in India.
1) Infectious Disease
2) Deficiency Disease

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3) Notifiable Disease
4) Hereditary Disease
5) Physiological Disease
Answer- 3) Notifiable Disease
Explanation:
In November 2024, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW) announced snakebite cases
as a “Notifiable Disease” in India. It mandates all the government and public health facilities to report
such cases and deaths.
• This aligns with the National Action Plan for Prevention and Control of Snakebite
Envenoming (NAPSE), launched by the MoHFW in March 2024. The plan aims to reduce
snakebite fatalities by 50% by 2030.
• A notifiable disease is any disease that must be reported to public health authorities by
law. This reporting helps public health officials monitor the disease, track outbreaks, and
provide timely actions to prevent and control them.
• Some of the notifiable diseases in India are Leprosy, Tuberculosis (TB), Acquired Immuno
Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), Cholera, Hepatitis, etc.
• Snakebites are life-threatening conditions that can lead to severe outcomes, including death,
long-term health complications, and permanent disability in some cases.
• In India, around 50,000 deaths occur annually from an estimated 3-4 million snake bites,
accounting for about 50% of global snakebite fatalities. And only about 10% of snakebite
cases are recorded.
• High-risk Snake bites states are Bihar, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Uttar Pradesh,
Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Rajasthan, and Gujarat. These states account for more than
70% of snakebite deaths in India.

37. The Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways (MoPSW) organised the 1st India Maritime
Heritage Conclave (IMHC 2024) from December 11 to December 12, 2024 in New Delhi, Delhi.
Where is the National Maritime Heritage Complex (NMHC) being developed with an investment
of Rs 4,000 crore over the next 5 years by the Government of India (GoI)?
1) Mumbai in Maharashtra
2) Visakhapatnam in Andhra Pradesh
3) Kolkata in West Bengal
4) Lothal in Gujarat
5) Kochi in Kerala
Answer: 4) Lothal in Gujarat
Explanation:
The Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways (MoPSW) organised the 1st India Maritime Heritage
Conclave (IMHC 2024) from December 11 to December 12, 2024 at Yashobhoomi, Dwarka in New
Delhi, Delhi. The conclave was inaugurated by Vice President Jagdeep Dhankhar.
• Theme of IMHC 2024: "Towards Understanding India's Position in Global Maritime
History".
The Government of India (GoI) plans to invest Rs 4,000 crore in next 5 years, for the development of
National Maritime Heritage Complex (NMHC) at Lothal in Gujarat. The government aims to promote
the city Lothal, home to the world's 1st man-made dock, as an international tourist destination.

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i.The redevelopment of the NMHC, Lothal will include key components like: a maritime separate area
for preservation of ancient and modern technologies, a hub for research on maritime archaeology,
among others.
ii.For the development of NMHC project, the GoI has collaborated with experts from 12 countries,
including the United Kingdom(UK), Italy, Greece, Japan, South Korea, Sri Lanka, among others.
iii.MoPSW has designated the Indian Ports Association (IPA) as the nodal agency to monitor the
overall implementation of the NMHC, with the Indian Port Rail Corporation Limited (IPRCL) as the
executing agency. Click here to read more

38. Which organization recently (in December ‘24) announced the extension of the Import
Management System (IMS) for seven Information Technology (IT) hardware products by one
year, until December 31, 2025?
1) Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs (CBIC)
2) Export-Import Bank of India (EXIM Bank)
3) Federation of Indian Export Organisations (FIEO)
4) National Small Industries Corporation (NSIC)
5) Directorate General of Foreign Trade (DGFT)
Answer: 5) Directorate General of Foreign Trade (DGFT)
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Directorate General of Foreign Trade (DGFT) operating under the Ministry of
Commerce and Industry (MoC&I) announced the extension of the Import Management System (IMS)
for seven Information Technology (IT) hardware products by one year, until December 31, 2025. The
system was previously set to expire on December 31, 2024.
i.These include laptops, tablets, all-in-one Personal Computers (PCs), ultra-small form factor
computers, and servers, categorized under Harmonized System of Nomenclature (HSN) code 8471.
ii.Importers must obtain a fresh Import Authorization through the DGFT portal, with
applications open from December 13, 2024, to December 15, 2025, and approvals valid until
December 31, 2025, allowing for multiple applications and amendments during this period.
iii.This decision addresses the supply-demand gap in the IT hardware market and provides
clarity for major companies like HP, Dell, Apple, and Lenovo.

39.Union Minister Nitin Gadkari, Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH) recently
(in December ‘24) launched which electric city bus developed by Hinduja Group, marking a
significant leap in India’s electric vehicle (EV) sector?
1) BYD K9 Electric Bus
2) Olectra Greentech Electric Bus
3) Tata Ultra Electric Bus
4) SWITCH EiV12
5) Mahindra Electric City Bus
Answer: 4) SWITCH EiV12
Explanation:
In December 2024, Union Minister Nitin Gadkari, Minister of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH),
launched the ‘SWITCH EiV12’, India’s first low-floor electric city bus, marking a significant leap in
the country’s electric vehicle (EV) sector.

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i.Developed by SWITCH Mobility Limited, part of the Hinduja Group and a subsidiary of Chennai
(Tamil Nadu, TN)-based Ashok Leyland under the Hinduja Group, headquartered in Mumbai,
Maharashtra.
ii.The SWITCH EiV12 features a floor-mounted battery (up to 400 kilowatt-hour (kWh)) for better
stability and comfort. Its modular design supports both drive configurations and flexible door
placements.
It can accommodate up to 39 passengers and also includes a wheelchair ramp, Closed Circuit
Television(CCTV) cameras, and real-time vehicle monitoring
iii.The SWITCH E1 has in-wheel motors, a flat gangway, and a triple-door layout for easy access. It can
accommodate up to 93 passengers, offering a spacious and comfortable ride.
iv.Both buses are fully designed, developed, and manufactured in India.
Note: India’s electric city bus market is expected to grow at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR)
of 21% by 2030.

40. Bhupendra Patel, the Chief Minister (CM) of Gujarat, has recently (in December 2024)
launched the ‘Prakrutik Krushi Portal (Natural Agriculture Portal)’ to promote __________?
1) Greenhouse farming
2) Hydroponic farming
3) Conventional farming
4) Precision farming
5) Organic farming
Answer: 5) Organic farming
Explanation:
In December 2024, Bhupendra Patel, the Chief Minister
(CM) of Gujarat, launched the ‘Prakrutik Krushi Portal
(Natural Agriculture Portal)’ to promote organic farming.
This initiative was introduced to mark the occasion of
“Seva, Sushasan Ane Samarpan Na 2 Varsh” (Two Years of
Exceptional Service and Dedication) his role as the CM of
Gujarat.
i.The portal aims to further Gujarat’s commitment to
sustainable agricultural practices and support the transition towards organic farming across the state.
ii.He directly engaged with representatives of Farmers Producers Organizations (FPOs) and
distributed financial assistance cheques to FPOs across the state.
iii.During the event, Bachubhai Khabad, Minister of State (MoS) for Agriculture praised the farmer-
focused policies implemented by the state government under the leadership of CM Patel, highlighting
their significant impact in boosting farmers’ income.
iv.Gujarat is home to approximately 422 FPOs, 97 of which are specifically focused on natural farming.

41. Prime Minister (PM) of India Narendra Modi recently (in December ‘24) inaugurated and
laid the foundation stone for 24 projects worth over ________ during his participation in the “Ek
Varsh-Parinaam Utkarsh”at Jaipur, Rajasthan.
1) Rs 36,300 crores
2) Rs 46,300 crores
3) Rs 56,300 crores

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4) Rs 66,300 crores
5) Rs 76,300 crores
Answer- 2) Rs 46,300 crores
Explanation:
On December 17 2024, PM Narendra Modi participated in the “Ek Varsh-Parinaam Utkarsh”
programme commemorating the completion of one year of the Rajasthan government in Jaipur,
Rajasthan.
i.During his visit, he inaugurated and laid the foundation stone for 24 projects related to Energy, Road,
Railways and Water worth over Rs 46,300 crores at Jaipur, Rajasthan.
ii.PM Modi inaugurated 9 projects worth over Rs 11,000 crore including 7 central government led
projects and 2 state government projects.
iii.He also laid the foundation stone for15 projects worth more than 35,300 crore including 9 central
government projects and 6 state government projects.
iv.During the event, PM Modi laid the foundation stone for the Modified Parvati-Kalisindh-Chambal
Eastern Rajasthan Canal Project (MPKC-ERCP).
v.The MPKC-ERCP project has been designated as a ‘national project’ by the Government of India
(GoI).
• The total cost of the project will be shared between the GoI and the state governments of MP
and Rajasthan in the ratio of 90:10, respectively.
vi.. The project will provide water for both irrigation and drinking purposes to 21 districts of
Rajasthan and will boost the development of both Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh (MP).
vii.The project will interlink major rivers like Chambal, Parvati, Kalisindh, Kuno, Banas, Banganga,
Ruparail, Gambhiri, and Mej. Click here to read more

42.Which of the following points is/are ‘Correct’ with respect to the Union Cabinet chaired by
Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi recently (in December ‘24) approved two important
constitutional amendment bills regarding One Nation, One Election (ONOE).
A) The 1st bill named the Constitution (129th Amendment) Bill, 2024 will enable the terms of
the Lok Sabha and state assemblies to be synchronized.
B) The Second bill named The Union Territories Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2024 aims to align
elections in the Union Territories (UTs) of Puducherry, Delhi and Jammu and Kashmir (J&K)
with Lok Sabha elections.
C) In September 2023, the Government of India (GoI) constituted the High-Level Committee on
Simultaneous Elections under the chairmanship of former President of India Pranab
Mukherjee.
1) Only A and B
2) Only A and C
3) Only B
4) All A, B and C
5) Only B and C
Answer- 1) Only A and B
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Union Cabinet chaired by Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi approved two
important constitution amendment bills regarding One Nation, One Election (ONOE), which aimed

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to conduct simultaneous Lok Sabha elections with state legislative assemblies and local bodies across
the country in a phased manner.
i.The 1st bill named the Constitution (129th Amendment) Bill, 2024 will enable the terms of the
Lok Sabha and state assemblies to be synchronized.
ii.The Second bill named The Union Territories Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2024 aims to align
elections in the Union Territories (UTs) of Puducherry, Delhi and Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) with Lok
Sabha elections.
iii.In September 2023, the Government of India (GoI) constituted the High-Level Committee on
Simultaneous Elections under the chairmanship of former President of India Ram Nath Kovind.
iv.It has recommended creating a unified Electoral Roll and Single EPIC for all 3-tiers of government.
v.It has suggested of introducing amendments to Article 82A and 324A of the Indian Constitution to
enable simultaneous elections for the Lok Sabha, State Assemblies, and local bodies. Click here to read
more

43. Where was the 11th edition of the annual bilateral maritime exercise, Sri Lanka-India
Naval Exercise (SLINEX-24) held between the Indian Navy (IN) and the Sri Lankan Navy from
17-20 December 2024?
1) Kochi, Kerala
2) Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh
3) Mumbai, Maharashtra
4) Chennai, Tamil Nadu
5) Panaji, Goa
Answer- 2) Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh
Explanation:
The 11th Edition of annual bilateral maritime Exercise Sri Lanka-India Naval Exercise(SLINEX-24)
held between the Indian Navy(IN) and the Sri Lankan Navy under the Eastern Naval Command of the
IN from December 17-20, 2024 in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh(AP).
i.The primary aim of SLINEX 2024 is to enhance the operational interoperability between the Indian
and Sri Lankan navies.
ii.It was initiated in 2005 and evolved into a significant series of exercises designed to improve
interoperability, foster mutual understanding and promote maritime security in the Indian Ocean
region.
iii.India: The Indian Naval Ship INS Sumitra, a Saryu-class Naval Offshore Patrol Vessel (NOPV) of the
Eastern Fleet, along with a Special Forces team represent India.
iv.Sri Lanka: The Sri Lanka Naval Ship SLNS Sayura, an Offshore Patrol Vessel, with an embarked
Special Forces team represents Sri Lanka. Click here to read more

44. The Vice President (VP) of India Jagdeep Dhankar has recently (in December ‘24) attended
the _________ Foundation Day celebration of the Indian Posts & Telecommunications Accounts
and Finance Service (IP&TAFS) as the Chief Guest in New Delhi.
1) 25th
2) 35th
3) 40th
4) 50th
5) 60th

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Answer- 4) 50th
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Vice President (VP) of India Jagdeep Dhankar attended the 50th Foundation
Day celebration of the Indian Posts & Telecommunications Accounts and Finance Service (IP&TAFS)
as the Chief Guest, in New Delhi (Delhi).
i.The event was organised to celebrate the remarkable contributions made by IP&TAFS over the last
50 years in shaping India’s telecommunications and postal sectors.
ii.While addressing the event, the VP of India, Jagdeep Dhankar highlighted the importance of cross-
departmental collaboration in an interconnected world, emphasized on the need to adopt Artificial
Intelligence (AI)-powered audit systems while maintaining human insight oversight for important
decisions.
iii.During the event, Union Minister Jyotiraditya Scindia outlined the 3 pillars: bringing stability to the
telecom sector; empowerment of pensioners and the capabilities of the cadre in keeping up with tech
developments, are the key drivers for the success of the officers.
iv.IP&TAFS is a Group ‘A’ Central Civil Services of Government of India (GoI), instituted in 1974.
v.It has been playing an important role in managing spectrum auctions and monitoring the financial
health of more than 3,500 telecom and internet companies.

45.Which of the following points is/are 'Not Correct' with respect to the recent (in December
‘24) launch of the ‘Jalvahak ‘scheme by the Union Minister Sarbananda Sonowal, Ministry of
Ports, Shipping & Waterways (MoPSW), to induce cargo movement via inland waterways?
A) The ‘Jalvahak’ scheme operates across 3 national waterways Ganga River, Brahmaputra
River and Chenab River
B) The Jalvahak scheme is jointly implemented by the Inland Waterways Authority of India
(IWAI) and Inland & Coastal Shipping Limited (ICSL), a subsidiary of the Shipping Corporation
of India Limited (SCIL).
C) The newly launched Cargo ships are MV Trishul, MV Aai, and MV Homi Bhaba
1) Only A
2) Only B and C
3) Only B
4) Only C
5) All A, B, and C
Answer- 1) Only A
Explanation:
In December 2024, Union Minister Sarbananda Sonowal, Ministry of Ports, Shipping & Waterways
(MoPSW), launched the ‘Jalvahak ‘scheme to induce the cargo movement via inland waterways.
i.He also flagged off Cargo ships “MV Aai, MV Homi Bhaba along with MV Trishul with 2 dumb
barges Ajay and Dikhu” from the GR Jetty in Kolkata, West Bengal (WB).This marks the
commencement of a fixed scheduled service of cargo vessel ships from Haldia,WB for national
waterways 1 and 2 (NW-1 and NW-2).
ii.The ‘Jalvahak’ scheme aims to revitalize India’s inland waterways, reduce transport congestion and
make cargo movement more efficient. The scheme operates across 3 national waterways:
• National Waterway 1 (NW1): Ganga River
• National Waterway 2 (NW2): Brahmaputra River
• National Waterway 16 (NW16): Barak River

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iii.This scheme is jointly implemented by the Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI) and Inland
& Coastal Shipping Limited (ICSL), a subsidiary of the Shipping Corporation of India Limited (SCIL).
Click here to read more

46. Which of the following is ‘not’ a new initiative recently (in December ‘24) launched by the
Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs to improve taxpayer experience and enhance
transparency?
1) CBIC Archives
2) Revised Citizen's Charter
3) New Tax Filing Process
4) Revamped Citizen's Corner
5) Ease of Doing Business' Tab for Suggestions
Answer- 3) New Tax Filing Process
Explanation:
In December 2024, Sanjay Kumar Agarwal, Chairperson of Central Board of Indirect Taxes and
Customs (CBIC), Ministry of Finance(MoF), in presence of all Board Members launched a series of
initiatives that aim to improve taxpayer experience and enhance transparency.
• These initiatives reflect the CBIC’s commitment to digital transformation and taxpayer-centric
governance. CBIC aims to create a more efficient and transparent tax administration system.
• Revised Citizen’s Charter: A Commitment to Better Service Standards: It provides updated
timelines and service standards for taxpayer services like Drawback, Import and Export of Air
Cargo.
• ‘Ease of Doing Business(EoDB)’ tab for giving suggestions: A new platform has been
introduced to enable taxpayers to contribute directly to improving the EoDB.
• Revamped Citizen’s Corner: Knowledge at Your Fingertips: This portal serves as a
centralized hub for tax-related information, simplifying access and encouraging voluntary
compliance with tax regulations.
• CBIC Archives: A Digital Window to India’s Tax History: This digital archive showcasing the
evolution of indirect taxes in India. This platform includes six interactive tiles and about 82
submenus with videos, webinars, and updates on tax topics.

47. As per the data released by the Ministry of Mines (MoM) in December 2024, India’s key
mineral production such as Mineral Conservation and Development Rules (MCDR) Mineral and
Non-Ferrous Metal Production recorded strong growth in the first seven months of FY 2024-25
(April-October).
Which mineral contributed 69% of the total MCDR mineral production by value, with 274
million metric tonnes (MMT) produced in FY 2023-24?
1) Iron ore
2) Bauxite
3) Manganese ore
4) Aluminium
5) Copper
Answer- 1) Iron ore

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Explanation:
As per the data released by Ministry of Mines(MoM) at the end of 2024, India’s key mineral
production such as Mineral Conservation and Development Rules (MCDR) Mineral and Non-Ferrous
Metal Production recorded strong growth in the first seven months of FY 2024-25 (April-October),
following record levels in FY 2023-24.
• Iron ore contributed 69% of the total MCDR mineral production by value, with 274 million
metric tonnes (MMT) produced in FY 2023-24.
• Manganese ore production grew by 11.1% to 2.0 MMT during April-October FY 2024-25 from
1.8 MMT during the corresponding period of FY 2023-24.
• Bauxite production rose by 11.3% to 13.8 MMT in April-October FY 2024-25 from 12.4 MMT
in FY 2023-24 (April- October).
• Aluminium production in FY 2024-25 (April-October) grew by 1.2% to 24.46 lakh tonnes
(LT), up from 24.17 LT in FY 2023-24 (April-October).
• Meanwhile, refined copper production increased by 6.0%, rising from 2.83 LT to 3.00 LT.
• India is the second-largest producer of aluminium globally, following China.
• India is ranked 4th among the top producers of refined copper, with Chile and Peru being
the leading producers.
• India stands as the 4th largest producer of iron ore, behind Australia, Brazil, and China.

48. Which organisation has recently (in December ‘24) recognized Indian National Space
Promotion and Authorization Center (IN-SPACe) as an Awarding Body (Dual) to strengthen the
vocational education and training landscape in the space sector?
1) Vocational Training Council
2) All India Council for Technical Education
3) National Skill Development Corporation
4) Space Research and Development Authority
5) National Council for Vocational Education and Training
Answer- 5) National Council for Vocational Education and Training
Explanation:
National Council for Vocational Education and Training (NCVET), Ministry of Skill Development &
Entrepreneurship (MSDE), Government of India, has officially recognized Indian National Space
Promotion and Authorization Center (IN-SPACe), under Department of Space (DOS) as an Awarding
Body (Dual) to strengthening the vocational education and training landscape in the space sector.
• This collaboration will help IN-SPACe offer advanced training in Satellite Manufacturing, Space
Technology in Agriculture, Launch Vehicle Mission Design, Orbital Mechanics, and Space
Propulsion Systems.
• Six National Occupational Standards (NoS) have already been approved by the National
Council for Vocational Education and Training (NCVET).
• Under a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between MSDE and Indian Space Research
Organisation (ISRO), the ISRO Technical Training Program was launched at National Skill
Training Institutes (NSTIs) in Bengaluru (Karnataka), Mumbai(Maharashtra), and
Thiruvananthapuram(Kerala). This initiative aims to upskill over 4,000 technical employees of
the Department of Space.

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49. In December 2024, Union Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Science and
Technology; Earth Sciences Dr. Jitendra Singh unveiled Kisan Kavach, India’s first-of-its-kind
anti-pesticide bodysuit.
Which institute developed the Kisan Kavach along with Sepio Health Private Limited?
1) National Institute of Immunology
2) Indian Institute of Science
3) National Institute of Advanced Studies
4) BRIC-inStem
5) IIT Delhi
Answer- 4) BRIC-inStem
Explanation:
Union Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Science and Technology; Earth Sciences Dr. Jitendra
Singh unveiled Kisan Kavach, India’s first-of-its-kind anti-pesticide bodysuit. It is designed to
protect farmers from the harmful effects of pesticide exposure.
• Kisan Kavach was developed by the Department of Biotechnology’s BRIC-inStem and Sepio
Health Pvt. Ltd., both based in Bangalore, Karnataka.
• The Kisan Kavach Protective Shield includes a full-body suit, mask, headshield, and gloves,
offering comprehensive protection. Priced at Rs 4,000.
• 1958: Methyl parathion poisoning in Kerala highlighted pesticide risks.
• 1968: Insecticides Act was enacted to regulate pesticide use.
• 1971: Insecticide Rules were introduced.

50. In December 2024, Union Minister Kinjarapu Rammohan Naidu, Ministry of Civil Aviation
(MoCA), unveiled the centenary celebrations logo of Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose
International Airport (NSCBI Airport) commemorating 100 years of its service.
Where is the NSCBI Airport located?
1) Mumbai, Maharashtra
2) Bengaluru, Karnataka
3) Chennai, Tamil Nadu
4) Kolkata, West Bengal
5) New Delhi, Delhi
Answer- 4) Kolkata, West Bengal
Explanation:
On 13 December 2024, Union Minister Kinjarapu Rammohan Naidu, Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA),
unveiled the centenary celebrations logo of Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose International Airport
(NSCBI Airport) in Kolkata, West Bengal (WB), commemorating 100 years of its service.
• A special commemorative stamp and coin were also released to honor the airport’s 100-
year journey, along with the launch of an exclusive art book showcasing India’s rich cultural
heritage through modern airport architecture.
• Kolkata Airport marked its 100th anniversary on December 21, 2024. A three-month-long
celebration has been planned.
• A dedicated UDAN Yatri Café will be opened at the airport, catering to passengers traveling
under the Ude Desh ka Aam Naagrik (UDAN) scheme. The café will provide quality,
affordable meals to enhance the travel experience for passengers.

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51. Which state leads in the number of registrations with 8.37 crore out of the 30.48 crore
workers registered nationwide on the E-Shram Portal, the world’s largest database for
unorganized workers?
1) Maharashtra
2) Uttar Pradesh
3) Bihar
4) West Bengal
5) Tamil Nadu
Answer- 2) Uttar Pradesh
Explanation:
The E-Shram portal, the world’s largest database for unorganized workers, has recorded 30,48,02,313
(30.48 crore) registrations till December 19 2024. The portal was launched by the Ministry of Labour
and Employment (MoL&E) on 26th August 2021 which aims to support the unorganized workforce,
vital to India’s economy.
i.A total of Rs. 704.01 crores were allocated for NDUW for the period Fiscal Year 2019-20(FY20) to
FY25.
ii.Registration costs are free through the E-Shram portal, Common Services Centres (CSCs) and State
Seva Kendras (SSKs).

Rank State Number of Registrations

1 Uttar Pradesh (UP) 8,37,45,287

2 Bihar 2,95,88,748

3 West Bengal (WB) 2,64,06,322

4 Madhya Pradesh (MP) 1,84,48,886

5 Maharashtra 1,73,33,185

52. Recently (in December ‘24) Union Minister Amit Shah, Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA)
attended the _______ Raising Day function of the Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB) as Chief Guest in
West Bengal (WB).
1) 50th
2) 55th
3) 60th
4) 65th
5) 61st
Answer-5) 61st
Explanation:
On 20th December, 2024, Union Minister Amit Shah, Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) and Ministry of
Cooperation (MoC), attended the 61st Raising Day function of the Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB) in
Siliguri, West Bengal(WB) as the Chief Guest.

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i.During the event, Union Minister Amit Shah digitally inaugurated the Integrated Check Point (ICP) in
Agartala, Tripura and the newly constructed residential complex of the Border Guard Force (BGF) at
Petrapole, WB.
ii.The event was also attended by Amrit Mohan Prasad, Director General (DG) of SSB; Rajendra Kumar,
Secretary of Border Management (BM), MHA; Tapan Kumar Deka, Director of Intelligence Bureau (IB);
and other distinguished dignitaries.

53. The Vice President (VP) of India Jagdeep Dhankhar recently (in December ‘24) inaugurated
the state-of-the-art Geological Survey of India (GSI) Geoscience Museum in ________?
1) Jaipur, Rajasthan
2) Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
3) Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh
4) Ahmedabad, Gujarat
5) Bengaluru, Karnataka
Answer- 3) Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Vice President (VP) of India Jagdeep Dhankhar inaugurated the state-of-the-art
Geological Survey of India (GSI) Geoscience Museum at the Victoria Market Building in Gwalior,
Madhya Pradesh (MP).
• The museum was developed in coordination with the Gwalior Municipal Corporation(GMC)
and the National Council of Science Museums (NCSM).
i.The Gwalior Geoscience Museum features two remarkable galleries, providing an insight into the
secrets of our planet and the history of life’s evolution over time.
ii.Gallery I, titled Planet Earth: Its Uniqueness in Diversity, showcases Earth’s wonders through
displays on volcanoes, meteorites, and magnetic fields, with interactive models and rare specimens
like rocks, gemstones, fossils, and dinosaur eggs, providing an exciting experience for all.
iii.Gallery II, titled Evolution of Life on Earth, shows the history of life from its start to the rise of
humans, with seven sections featuring fossils and exhibits about ancient ecosystems, evolution, and
mass extinctions, helping visitors learn more about our past and future.

54. Which of the following points is/are ‘correct’ with respect to the 55th Goods and Services
Tax (GST) Council meeting chaired by Union Minister Nirmala Sitharaman, Ministry of Finance
(MoF) and Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MoCA) on December 21, 2024 in Jaisalmer, Rajasthan?
A) The GST Council has decided to reduce the GST rate on FRK which is classifiable under HS
Code 1904, from 18% to 9%.
B) It has clarified that ready to eat popcorn which is mixed with salt and spices are classifiable
under HS 2106 90 99 will attract 5% GST if supplied as other than pre-packaged and if
supplied as pre-packaged and labelled, will attract 12% GST.
C) It has decided to raise the GST rate from 12% to 18% on sale of all old and used vehicles,
including Electric Vehicles (EVs).
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C
3) Only B & C
4) Only C
5) All A, B & C

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Answer- 3) Only B & C
Explanation:
The 55th Goods and Services Tax (GST) Council meeting chaired by Union Minister Nirmala
Sitharaman, Ministry of Finance (MoF) and Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MoCA) was held on
December 21, 2024 at Jaisalmer, Rajasthan.
• The GST Council has decided to reduce the GST rate on Fortified Rice Kernels (FRK) which is
classifiable under HS Code 1904, from 18% to 5%.
• It has decided to introduce the rate of GST applicable on restaurant services in such hotels, for
a given financial year (FY), based on the ‘value of supply’ of units of accommodation made in
the preceding FY i.e. 18% with Input Tax Credit (ITC) if the value of supply is more than Rs
7,500 for any unit of accommodation in the preceding FY, and 5% without otherwise.
• It has decided to raise the GST rate from12% to 18% on sale of all old and used vehicles,
including Electric Vehicles (EVs) except: those specified at 18%-sale of old and used petrol
vehicles of engine capacity of 1200 cubic capacity (cc) or more and of length of 4000 millimetre
(mm) or above; diesel vehicles of engine capacity of 1500 cc or above and length of 4000 mm
and SUVs.
• It has clarified that ready to eat popcorn which is mixed with salt and spices are classifiable
under HS 2106 90 99 will attract 5% GST if supplied as other than pre-packaged and if
supplied as pre-packaged and labelled, will attract 12% GST.
• It has recommended inserting an enabling provision in CGST Act, 2017 through Section 148A,
to empower the government to enforce the ‘Track and Trace Mechanism’ for specified
evasion-prone commodities. Click here to read more.

55. Which act has been recently (in December ‘24) amended by the Government of India to
abolish the 'no-detention policy' for Classes 5 and 8?
1) National Council for Teachers Education Act, 1993
2) National Institute of Technology Act, 2007
3) University Grants Commission Act, 1956
4) National Education Policy, 2020
5) Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009
Answer- 5) Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Government of India(GoI) abolished the ‘no-detention policy’ for Classes 5
and 8, allowing schools to fail students who do not clear year-end exams. It will be applicable to over
3,000 central schools.
• The Ministry of Education(MoE) issued the notification on December 16 2024, amended “Right
of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009, as revised by the RTE
(Amendment) Act, 2019”, outlining the changes to the promotion criteria. The amended rules,
titled the RTE (Amendment) Act, 2024.
• The new policy was officially notified after the completion of the National Curriculum
Framework(NCF) in 2023. The policy change was made under the leadership of Sanjay
Kumar, Secretary of the Department of School Education and Literacy, MoE.
• National Education Policy (NEP) 2020: The policy change aligns with the NEP 2020’s
emphasis on improving learning outcomes while retaining access to education.

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 • The ‘no-detention policy’ was initially introduced in 2019 under Section 16 of the RTE Act
2009, aiming to ensure education access without fear of failure.
• The no-detention policy was criticized for diluting academic standards and fostering a lack of
accountability among students.
• 16 states and 2 Union Territories (UTs), including Assam, Bihar, Delhi, Gujarat, Himachal
Pradesh (HP), West Bengal (WB), Rajasthan and Tamil Nadu (TN), have decided to adopt the
no-detention policy.

56. In December 2024, Union Minister Kinjarapu Rammohan Naidu, Ministry of Civil Aviation
(MoCA) launched ‘UDAN Yatri Cafe’ and ‘Centenary Postal Special Cover’ during the
inauguration ceremony of the Centenary celebrations of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose
International (NSCBI) Airport.
Where is the NSCBI Airport located?
1) New Delhi, Delhi
2) Kolkata, West Bengal
3) Mumbai, Maharashtra
4) Bengaluru, Karnataka
5) Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
Answer- 2) Kolkata, West Bengal
Explanation:
In December 2024, Union Minister Kinjarapu Rammohan Naidu, Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA)
launched ‘UDAN Yatri Cafe’ and ‘Centenary Postal Special Cover’ during the inauguration ceremony
of the Centenary celebrations of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International (NSCBI) Airport in Kolkata,
West Bengal (WB).
• The Union Minister also unveiled the Centenary Celebrations Logo of NSCBI Airport. Apart
from them, he announced a series of initiatives that include the release of a commemorative
My Stamp, Souvenir coin and a coffee table book.
• The “UDAN Yatri Cafe” is a unique pilot project led by MoCA and AAI. It is designed to cater
specifically to the needs of passengers traveling under the Ude Desh Ka Aam Naagrik (UDAN)
scheme.
• He launched a coffee table book showcasing India’s cultural heritage reflected in modern
airport architectures of AAI. He also launched a photo exhibition of some of the rarest images
displaying the journey of NSCBI Airport during the event.

57. Atal Innovation Mission and which organisation has recently (in December ‘24) partnered
with Citi Foundation to launch the 7th edition of the ‘Youth Co:Lab National Innovation
Challenge for 2024-2025’?
1) World Economic Forum
2) United Nations General Assembly
3) United Nations Development Programme
4) United Nations Human Settlements Programme
5) United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
Answer- 3) United Nations Development Programme

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Explanation:
In December 2024, the Atal Innovation Mission (AIM) under the National institution for Transforming
India (NITI) Aayog and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in partnership with Citi
Foundation have virtually launched the seventh edition of the ‘Youth Co:Lab National Innovation
Challenge for 2024-2025’.
• The 2024-2025 edition will be implemented in collaboration with Bengaluru(Karnataka) based
AssisTech Foundation(ATF).
• This year’s challenge invites young entrepreneurs, including those with disabilities, to develop
innovative solutions that “Enhance access to opportunities and well-being for Persons with
Disabilities(PwDs)”.
• Youth Co:Lab launched in 2017 by UNDP and Citi Foundation, Youth Co:Lab aims to empower
youth to drive Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through leadership, innovation, and
entrepreneurship.
• In India, the initiative started in 2019 in partnership with AIM, NITI Aayog. Over six editions, it
has reached 19,000 individuals and supported 2,600 youth-led social innovation teams.
• The challenge encourages young founders (aged 18-32 years) to create meaningful
innovations addressing real-world challenges, particularly for disability inclusion. Applications
can be submitted through the official Youth Co:Lab website.
• The initiative aims to support 30-35 early-stage startups through a springboard program,
providing seed grants to the best-performing ventures for scaling their impact.

58. In December 2024, the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) partnered with the West
Bengal (WB) Government to enhance the treatment of children affected by __________________.
1) Cardiovascular diseases
2) Obesity
3) Respiratory diseases
4) Non-Communicable Diseases
5) Hypertension
Answer- 4) Non-Communicable Diseases
Explanation:
In December 2024, the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) partnered with the West
Bengal(WB) Government to enhance the treatment of children affected by Non-Communicable
Diseases (NCD), including juvenile diabetes.
• The aim of this collaboration is to scale up the state’s healthcare capacity to address childhood
NCDs and provide equitable access to treatment.
• UNICEF collaborates with WB’s Department of Health and Family Welfare(DHFW) and
Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education & Research (IPGMER) & Seth Sukhlal Karnani
Memorial (SSKM) Hospital, Kolkata, WB to create a Primary Health Care (PHC) model to
prevent and manage NCDs in children by improving community healthcare and primary health
services.
• UNICEF has partnered with the West Bengal Academy of Paediatrics to help the health
department and district health authorities provide treatment across all districts in WB.
• Juvenile diabetes is a chronic disease also known as Type 1 diabetes or insulin-dependent
diabetes.

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 • It is caused when a child’s body destroys the cells in the pancreas that make insulin, which
helps in controlling blood sugar levels.

59. In December 2024, Masali village in Banaskantha district, Gujarat, has become India’s first
_______________________ aimed at achieving self-reliance in the energy sector and to fulfil the goal of
a sustainable future by using renewable energy.
1) Border Solar Village
2) Bio-Energy Village
3) Modern Village
4) Green Energy Village
5) Renewable Power Village
Answer- 1) Border Solar Village
Explanation:
Masali village in Banaskantha district, Gujarat, has become
India’s first border solar village, contributing to India's
solar energy program aimed at achieving self-reliance in the
energy sector and to fulfil the goal of a sustainable future by
using renewable energy.
• Masali is one of 17 villages of Banaskantha district
under the Border Area Development Programme
(BADP), Centrally Sponsored Scheme (CSS).
• It has been transformed into a solar-powered community through the efforts of the Revenue
Department, Uttar Gujarat Vij Company Limited, banks, and solar companies.
• The project, with a total cost of Rs 1.16 crore, is funded by a Rs 59.81 lakh subsidy under the
Pradhan Mantri Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana, along with Rs 20.52 lakh in public
contributions and Rs 35.67 lakh in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) support.
• The scheme, launched in February 2024, aims to provide free electricity to one crore
households in India that install rooftop solar units, offering 300 units of free electricity per
month.
• The scheme has an outlay of Rs 75,021 crore and is to be implemented till FY 2026-27. The
scheme will be implemented by a National programme Implementation Agency (NPIA) at the
National level and by the State Implementation Agencies (SIAs) at the state level.

60. In December 2024, Devi Ahilyabai Holkar Airport officially became India’s 1st zero-waste
airport with the inauguration of 3,000 square feet (sq.ft) material recovery facility at the
airport by Union Minister Kinjarapu Ram Mohan Naidu, Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA).
Where is the airport located?
1) Pune, Maharashtra
2) Ahmedabad, Gujarat
3) Indore, Madhya Pradesh
4) Hyderabad, Telangana
5) Chennai, Tamil Nadu
Answer- 3) Indore, Madhya Pradesh

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Explanation:
Devi Ahilyabai Holkar Airport in Indore, Madhya Pradesh(MP) became India’s 1st zero-waste
airport with the inauguration of 3,000 square feet (sq. ft) Material Recovery Facility (MRF) at the
airport by Union Minister Kinjarapu Ram Mohan Naidu, Ministry of Civil Aviation(MoCA).
• The airport’s zero-waste achievement is based on the 4R strategy: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, and
Restore.
• The Zero-Waste Airport Project is a joint initiative between IndiGo’s corporate social
responsibility arm, IndiGoReach, the Airports Authority of India (AAI), and the AAS
Foundation (a non-governmental organization focused on sustainable development).
• The newly launched MRF embodies this approach, capable of processing around 750 kilograms
of waste daily from airport operations and flights.
• Apart from material recovery facilities, he also inaugurated the new air traffic control tower,
which was constructed at a cost of Rs 55 crore.

61. Which festival was recently (in December ‘24) declared as the State festival of Andhra
Pradesh(AP)?
1) Vijaya Utsava
2) Ratha Saptami
3) Longte Yullo
4) Thiruvathira
5) Ugadi
Answer- 2) Ratha Saptami
Explanation:
In December 2024, the government of Andhra Pradesh(AP) declared ‘Ratha Saptami (also known as
Sun God festival)’ as a State festival for 3 days at the Sri Suryanarayana Swamy Temple in Arasavalli,
AP. The festival is celebrated every year to mark the birth day of Sun God.
• Ratha Saptami 2025 will be celebrated from February 4 -6, 2025.
• The festival also highlights the rich cultural and spiritual heritage of the region, contributing
to the local economy and enhancing religious tourism.
• Ratha Saptami or Magha Saptami is an important festival dedicated to Lord Sri
Suryanarayana Swamy, celebrated at the Sri Suryanarayana Swamy Temple in Arasavalli,
located in Srikakulam Town, AP, India.
• It falls in the month of February or March and is considered the birthday of Lord Surya and
also known as Surya Jayanti.
• Ratha Saptami symbolizes the end of the winter season and the beginning of the spring
season, marking a shift to the harvesting period.

62. In December 2024, India’s first sustainable road using lignin-based _______________ was
inaugurated by Union Minister Nitin Gadkari, Ministry of Road Transport and Highways
(MoRTH) at the Nagpur-Mansar Bypass on NH (National Highway)-44.
1) Bio-asphalt
2) Eco-resin
3) Bio-bitumen
4) Green cement
5) Green polymer

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Answer- 3) Bio-bitumen
Explanation:
India’s first sustainable road using lignin-based bio bitumen was inaugurated by Union Minister
Nitin Gadkari, Ministry of Road Transport and Highways(MoRTH) at the Nagpur-Mansar Bypass on
NH (National Highway)-44. The project has been launched by the Pune (Maharashtra) based Praj
Industries, a leading company in industrial biotechnology.
• Praj Industries developed this project in collaboration with the Council of Scientific and
Industrial Research – Central Road Research Institute (CSIR-CRRI), the National Highways
Authority of India (NHAI), and Oriental Structural Engineers(OSE).
• Bio-bitumen saves India Rs. 4,000–Rs. 4,500 crores annually in foreign exchange on imported
bitumen and promotes sustainable road development.
• India consumed 88 lakh tons of fossil-based bitumen in 2023-24, with consumption expected
to rise to 100 lakh tons in 2024-25. About 50% is imported, costing Rs. 25,000-30,000 crore
annually.
• Bio-Bitumen is an eco-friendly alternative to petroleum-based bitumen, made from renewable
sources like agricultural waste. It’s used in roads, roofing, and waterproofing, offering
durability while reducing environmental impact.

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
1. Which organization unveiled a comprehensive roadmap to make all coastal community
tsunami-ready by 2030?
1) World Meteorological Organization
2) International Maritime Organization
3) Indian Ocean Rim Association
4) United Nations Environment Programme
5) United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
Answer- 5) United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
Explanation:
The (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) UNESCO unveiled a
comprehensive roadmap marking the 20th anniversary of the devastating 2004 Indian Ocean
tsunami to make all coastal community tsunami-ready by 2030. This initiative was announced during
an international conference in Banda Aceh, Indonesia.
• Under the UNESCO Tsunami Ready Programme, over 30 countries have established critical
early warning systems, with 26 Indian and 12 Indonesian coastal communities recognized
as tsunami-ready. Globally, 700 million people reside in tsunami-prone areas, a figure
projected to reach 1 billion by 2050.
• UNESCO’s global detection network includes advanced seismic sensors, tsunami buoys, and
sea-level stations, supported by a three step warning process detection, forecasting, and
alert dissemination. This initiative underscores UNESCO’s mission of fostering safety
through international cooperation.

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2. To which country Russia handed over the BRICS chairmanship in the final Sherpa and Sous-
Sherpa meeting of BRICS held in Ekaterinburg, Russia in November 2024?
1) Brazil
2) India
3) China
4) South Africa
5) Saudi Arabia
Answer- 1) Brazil
Explanation:
The final Sherpa and Sous-Sherpa meeting of BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa)
was held in Ekaterinburg, Russia from 27th to 28th November 2024.
• The meeting witnessed the ceremonial handover of the BRICS chairmanship from Russia to
Brazil, marking the end of a pivotal year for the bloc under Russia’s leadership.
• During its tenure, Russia organised over 250 events to strengthen cooperation within BRICS.
• Under Russia’s presidency, XVI BRICS Summit was held in Kazan from 22nd to 24th October
2024. This led to the adoption of the Kazan Declaration.
• The summit also marked the expansion of BRICS. Egypt, Iran, the United Arab Emirates
(UAE), and Ethiopia were welcomed as a full member in 2024. Additionally, Belarus,
Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand joined as BRICS partners in 2024.
• Brazil is expected to build on the foundations laid during Russia’s presidency to enhance
collaboration among its members and its new partners.

3. In December 2024, the United States of America approved a USD 1.17 billion deal to supply
advanced communication systems, sensors, and logistical support to enhance the Indian Navy’s
(IN) _______________ MH-60R multi-role helicopters.
1) Airbus
2) Sikorsky
3) Dornier
4) Boeing
5) Tiltrotor
Answer- 2) Sikorsky
Explanation:
On December 3 2024, the United States of America (USA) approved a USD 1.17 billion deal under the
Foreign Military Sales (FMS) programme to supply advanced communication systems, sensors, and
logistical support to enhance the capabilities of the Indian Navy’s (IN) Sikorsky MH-60R multi-role
helicopters.
• The proposed deal will improve India’s capability to deter current and future threats by upgrading
its anti-submarine warfare capabilities.
• These USA made helicopters are replacing the ageing fleet of Sea King choppers, which served the
IN for over 3 decades.
• In February 2020, during Donald Trump’s presidency, India and the USA signed defence deals
worth over USD 3 billion for 24 MH-60R Seahawk Multi-Role Helicopters for the Indian Navy and
six AH-64E attack helicopters for the Indian Army.

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 • The MH-60R is a 4th generation helicopter designed for anti-submarine and surface combat
missions, featuring Mk 54 torpedoes for targeting hidden submarines, and Hellfire missiles for air-
to-surface strikes.
• MH-60R Seahawk emerged as a major force multiplier for the Indian Navy amidst the growing
challenges from China and Pakistan in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR).

4. In December 2024, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization

(UNESCO) officially recognized the traditional Japanese Sake-Making process as
___________________ of Humanity, honoring a brewing practice that spans over a thousand years.
1) Intangible Cultural Heritage
2) Tangible Cultural Heritage
3) Digital Heritage
4) Natural Heritage
5) Tangible Immovable Heritage
Answer- 1) Intangible Cultural Heritage
Explanation:
On December 4 2024, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
officially recognized the traditional Japanese Sake-Making process as an Intangible Cultural Heritage
(ICH) of Humanity, honoring a brewing practice that spans over a thousand years.
• The decision was made at a UNESCO meeting in Luque, Paraguay, where the organization also
recognized 45 other cultural practices and products from around the world, such as Brazilian
white cheese, Caribbean cassava bread, and Palestinian olive oil soap.
• This recognition is seen as an important step in revitalizing Sake’s popularity, both in Japan
and globally, while also strengthening Japan’s cultural identity and export economy.
• Japanese officials are working to revitalize Sake’s reputation, aiming to position it as the
country’s leading alcoholic beverage once again.
• Sake brewing is a meticulous craft, brewed in centuries-old mountaintop warehouses through
a simple yet intricate process. The primary ingredients, Japanese rice, water, yeast, and koji (a
rice mold), are combined and transformed through a detailed, two-month-long process.
• To be classified as true Japanese Sake, the rice used must be grown in Japan. This
requirement ensures the authenticity of the drink and highlights its deep connection to Japan’s
agricultural traditions.

5. Which country has recently (in December ‘24) launched its first ever national soundscape
titled ‘Ääniä’ on the occasion of its 107th Independence Day?
1) Russia
2) Estonia
3) Norway
4) Sweden
5) Finland
Answer- 5) Finland
Explanation:
On December 6, 2024, Finland launched its first ever national soundscape titled ‘Ääniä’ on the
occasion of the country’s 107th Independence Day.

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 • As the first country in the world to introduce a national soundscape, Finland sets a new
standard in cultural expression through music.
• The title Ääniä, meaning “sounds” or “voices” in Finnish, offers a musical journey through
the nation’s landscapes, seasons, and way of life.
• It was composed by Lauri Porra, a celebrated figure in both classical and metal music.
• This 1 hour long soundscape consists of 15 compositions that reflect Finland’s deep
connection to nature and cultural heritage.

6. Which of the following points is/ are ‘correct’ with respect to the 16th session of the
Conference of the Parties (COP16) of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification
(UNCCD) held from 2nd December to 13th December 2024 in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
A) The Aravali Green Wall Project (AGWP) aims to revive over 1.1 million hectares of the hills
across Haryana, Rajasthan, Gujarat and Delhi by 2030.
B) India's "Plant for Mother" campaign has planted over 1 billion saplings in 2024 to tackle
land degradation and climate change.
C) COP16 in Riyadh secured over USD 12 billion in pledges, enhancing the role of financial
institutions and the private sector in tackling land degradation, desertification, and drought.
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C
3) Only C
4) Only B & C
5) All A, B & C
Answer: 4) Only B & C
Explanation:
The 16th session of the Conference of the Parties (COP16) of the United Nations Convention to
Combat Desertification (UNCCD) was conducted from 2nd December to 13th December 2024 in
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.The conference was based on the theme – Our Land. Our Future saw the
participation of nearly 200 countries.
• It was the largest UN land conference till now involving UNCCD’s 197 Parties – 196 countries
and the European Union (EU).
• This was the first UNCCD COP being held in the Middle East and North Africa region and the
largest multilateral conference ever hosted by Saudi Arabia.
• The event also coincided with the UNCCD’s 30th anniversary.
• The UNCCD estimates that USD 2.6 trillion in investments are needed by 2030 to restore over
one billion hectares of degraded land and enhance drought resilience.
i.India presented the Aravalli Green Wall Project (AGWP). The Aravali project aims to revive over
1.1 million hectares of the hills across Haryana, Rajasthan, Gujarat and Delhi by 2027.
ii.India's "Plant for Mother" campaign has planted over 1 billion saplings in 2024 to tackle land
degradation and climate change.
iii.Global Drought Resilience Partnership was launched on the opening day of COP16, under Saudi
Arabia's leadership to combat drought impacts globally. COP16 in Riyadh secured over USD12 billion
in pledges, enhancing the role of financial institutions and the private sector in tackling land
degradation, desertification, and drought.
iv.India has actively participated in launching the International Big Cat Alliance, a global coalition of a
range of countries of big cats.

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v.India also supported the G-20 goal to plant 1 trillion trees by 2030, thereby creating carbon sinks.
vi.Moreover, India has adopted a “Whole of Government” and “Whole of Society”, approach to restore
of degraded land through the Green India Mission.
vii.India’s Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS),
established in 2005 plays a major role in contributing to this employment, especially in areas focused
on environmental and land restoration work. Click here to read more

7. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations (UN) has recently (in
December ‘24) released the report titled "The Global Status of Salt-Affected Soils," which was
launched during the International Soil and Water Forum 2024 in Bangkok, Thailand.
According to the report, how much land (in hectares) is affected by salinity globally?
1) 2 billion hectares
2) 1.4 billion hectares
3) 500 million hectares
4) 1 billion hectares
5) 750 million hectares
Answer: 2) 1.4 billion hectares
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO) of the United Nations(UN) released
its first major global assessment of salt-affected soils in 50 years. The report, titled “The Global Status
of Salt-Affected Soils” was launched during the International Soil and Water Forum 2024 in
Bangkok, Thailand and was co-organized by FAO and Thailand’s Ministry of Agriculture &
Cooperatives.
• According to a new report by the FAO of the UN, nearly 1.4 billion hectares (ha) of land or
10.7% of the global land area was affected by salinity.
• As per the report India had approximately 6.72 million hectares (mha) of salt-affected soils of
which 2.95 mha were saline and the remaining 3.77 mha were sodic which constitute about
2.1% of the country’s total geographical area.
• The report also highlights the increasing threat of soil salinity, urging global action to address
soil degradation and water scarcity which pose serious risks to food security worldwide. Click
here to read more

8. Which organization has recently (in December ‘24) released the "Global Status Report on
Drowning Prevention 2024 in Geneva, Switzerland," highlighting a 38% drop in global
drowning deaths since 2000?
1) CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
2) UNICEF (United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund)
3) WHO (World Health Organization)
4) UNDP (United Nations Development Programme)
5) World Bank
Answer: 3) WHO (World Health Organization)
Explanation:
In December 2024, the World Health Organization (WHO) published its first-ever “Global Status
Report on Drowning Prevention 2024”, providing a comprehensive analysis of drowning deaths

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worldwide. The report was released at an event in Geneva, Switzerland and highlights the global
burden of drowning, key statistics and strategies for prevention.
i.According to the report, the drowning death rate has dropped by 38% worldwide since 2000,
marking a major health achievement.
ii.The report reveals that drowning remains a significant public health issue, with over 3 lakh
drowning deaths recorded in 2021 alone. The WHO’s South-East Asia Region (includes India) saw
83,000 deaths of the global burden.
iii.WHO reports that more than 30 people drown every hour, resulting in an estimated 300,000 deaths
annually.
iv.More than 7.2 million people, mainly children, could die by drowning by the year 2050 if current
trends continue.
v.The report draws attention to its high mortality rate, particularly in low and middle income
countries, which account for nearly 92% of all drowning deaths. Click here to read more

9. Which country has recently (in December ‘24) become the 1st European country to join the
Comprehensive & Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP), a key trade
bloc in the Indo-Pacific region?
1) Germany
2) France
3) United Kingdom
4) Italy
5) Spain
Answer- 3) United Kingdom
Explanation:
In December 2024, the United Kingdom (UK) has officially became the 1st European country to join
the Comprehensive & Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP), an important
trade bloc in the Indo-Pacific region.
i.With this, the UK has become the 12th member of the CPTPP as well as the 1st non-founding
member to join this trade bloc.
ii.This marks a significant milestone in the country’s effort to bolster its global trading after its
withdrawal from the European Union (EU) in 2020.
iii.With the joining of the UK as CPTPP member, the members of CPTPP together account 15% of the
global Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and provide trade access to a market of over 500 million
people.
iv.As per the agreement, the UK will be able to trade with 8 member countries of CPTPP from
December 15, 2024.
v.CPTPP has succeeded the Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPPA), a trade agreement between
12 Pacific Rim countries, after the United States of America (USA) formally withdrew from the TPPA in
2017.

10. In December 2024, China approved the construction of the world’s largest hydropower
dam on the Yarlung Zangbo River that flows into which river in India and Bangladesh?
1) Sutlej River
2) Indus River
3) Yamuna River

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4) Mahanadi River
5) Brahmaputra River
Answer- 5) Brahmaputra River
Explanation:
On December 25, 2024, China approved the construction of the world’s largest hydropower dam on
Yarlung Zangbo River, the 5th largest river of China in Tibet (China), a region where the
Brahmaputra river flows into India and Bangladesh.
• With an estimated investment of USD 137 billion, the dam, situated near the India-Tibet
border, will be the largest infrastructure project in the world.
• The project, part of China’s 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-2025), aims to generate 300 billion
kilowatt-hours of electricity annually, more than three times the capacity of the ‘Three Gorges
Dam’, currently the world’s largest, in central China.
• The dam will be constructed at a dramatic gorge where the Brahmaputra River makes a sharp
U-turn in the Himalayas.

11. Which country will receive Rs 2,371 million from India for 33 development projects in the
education, health, and agriculture sectors in December 2024?
1) Nepal
2) Myanmar
3) Maldives
4) Sri Lanka
5) Bangladesh
Answer- 4) Sri Lanka
Explanation:
In December 2024, India will provide Rs 2,371 million to Sri Lanka for 33 development projects in
education, health and agriculture sectors in the eastern province.
• Under the agreement, India will provide Rs 620 million for agriculture, Rs 780 million for
health, and Rs 315 million for education.
• These projects aimed at enhancing infrastructure, growth and empowering local
communities.

12. Which country has recently (in December ‘24) signed a bipartisan bill that officially
designates the “Bald Eagle” as their National bird?
1) Canada
2) China
3) Singapore
4) United Kingdom
5) United States of America
Answer- 5) United States of America
Explanation:
In December 2024, President of the United States of America (USA), Joseph Robinette Biden signed a
bipartisan bill that officially designates the “Bald Eagle” as the National bird of the USA. The
significant recognition formalizes the bald eagle’s role as a symbol of American strength and power, a
position it has held informally for over 240 years.

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 • The bald eagle has been a symbol of the USA since 1782, when it was featured on the Great
Seal of the USA. The seal includes the eagle, an olive branch, arrows, a shield, the motto “E
Pluribus Unum (Out of Many, One)” and a constellation of stars.
• The bald eagle is native to North America, Canada, the USA and appears on various national
emblems, including the presidential flag, USA currency and military insignia.
• Haliaeetus leucocephalus is the scientific name of the bald eagle, known for its striking
white head and yellow beak atop its brown body.

GOVT SCHEMES
1. Which state government has recently (in November ‘24) launched the ‘Bijli Sakhi Yojana’ to
empower women in the tribal-dominated district and support the electricity department in
meter reading tasks in remote villages?
1) Haryana
2) Chhattisgarh
3) Assam
4) Madhya Pradesh
5) Uttarakhand
Answer- 2) Chhattisgarh
Explanation:
The Chhattisgarh government launched the ‘Bijli Sakhi Yojana’ to empower women in the tribal-
dominated Jashpur district and support the electricity department in meter reading tasks in remote
villages.
• This pilot project, introduced by Chief Minister (CM) of Chhattisgarh Vishnu Deo Sai, trains
women from Self-Help Groups (SHGs) to take on the responsibility of meter reading in
areas the department had difficulty accessing.
• Under the scheme, 21 women were selected, trained, and appointed as ‘Bijli Sakhis’, with
each woman earning Rs 4,000-6,000 per month for their work.
• The initiative not only provides economic empowerment, enabling them to earn an
additional Rs 50,000-60,000 annually, but also supports the Central Government vision to
uplift women to become ‘Lakhpati Didis’.

2. Which state has recently (in December ‘24) launched “Mukhyamantri Paushtik Alpahar
Yojana (Chief Minister Nutritious Snack Scheme)”?
1) Maharashtra
2) Uttarakhand
3) Gujarat
4) Haryana
5) Madhya Pradesh
Answer- 3) Gujarat
Explanation:
On December 2 2024, the Chief Minister (CM) of Gujarat, Bhupendra Patel launched “Mukhyamantri
Paushtik Alpahar Yojana (Chief Minister Nutritious Snack Scheme)” , aiming to improve students’

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health, nutrition and educational outcomes aligning with Gujarat’s goal of fostering a healthy,
educated future generation. The scheme will officially begin on December 11, 2024.
• The initiative was launched under the Suposhit Gujarat Mission, complements the ongoing
Prime Minister (PM) Poshan Yojana (midday meal scheme).
• The scheme aimed at fulfilling PM Narendra Modi’s vision of ‘Padhai Bhi, Poshan Bhi ‘will
provide students with nutritious breakfasts daily before the start of school ensuring that no
child enters the classroom on an empty stomach.
• As part of this scheme, students from Balvatika (pre-primary) to Grade 8 will be served
nutritious snacks immediately after the morning prayer before educational activities
commence.
• This program will incur an additional state government annual cost of Rs 617 crore, with Rs
493 crore allocated for material costs and Rs 124 crore for increasing staff honorariums.
• Students in tribal and developing areas will continue to receive 200 milliliter(ml) of flavoured
milk through the Doodh Sanjeevani Yojana.
• The scheme also includes providing snacks during the afternoon recess to 15.05 lakh students
in 81 talukas which will be coupled with the midday meal and flavoured milk.
• A variety of food items will be served such as sukhdi with roasted peanuts, chana chaat and
pulses made from Shri Anna (millet) ensuring nutritional balance.

3. Name the scheme that was recently (in December ‘24) inaugurated by Union Minister
Manohar Lal Khattar in Krishna district, Andhra Pradesh (AP) to promote the use of energy-
efficient appliances while offering economic benefits to individuals.
1) Urjaveer
2) Madhuvana
3) Bachat Lamp Yojana
4) Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana
5) Perform, Achieve, and Trade
Answer- 1) Urjaveer
Explanation:
On December 7 2024, Union Minister Manohar Lal Khattar, Ministry of Power (MoP) along with
Chief Minister (CM) of Andhra Pradesh (AP), Nara Chandrababu Naidu, inaugurated the ‘Urjaveer’
scheme at Poranki in Krishna district of Andhra Pradesh (AP).
• The Urjaveer Scheme, implemented by Energy Efficiency Services Limited (EESL), is
designed to promote the use of energy-efficient appliances while offering economic benefits
to individuals.
• This initiative aims to transform AP into a 100% green energy state, focusing on sustainable
development and energy conservation.
• As part of the Urjaveer initiative, the government aims to involve and train 1,12,000 private
registered electricians on the Urjaveer platform. These electricians will become
Urjaveers, equipped to promote energy-efficient appliances and assist the general public in
adopting energy-saving technologies.
• Women and young individuals, aged 18 and above, can take part in the Urjaveer scheme by
registering as ‘Urjaveers’ on the Energy Efficiency Services Limited (EESL) platform.
• Women can work from home, making it convenient to participate in the scheme. The
government is also creating co-working spaces to support household income growth.

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4. Under which scheme the Ministry of Education (MoE) has recently (in December ‘24)
enhanced the “Material Cost” of pulses, vegetables and oil by 13.70%?
1) National Food Security Mission
2) Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana
3) Sabji Shetra Vistar Yojana
4) Pradhan Mantri Poshan Shakti Nirman
5) Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana
Answer- 4) Pradhan Mantri Poshan Shakti Nirman
Explanation:
On December 9 2024, the Ministry of Education (MoE) enhanced the “Material Cost” of pulses,
vegetables and oil by 13.70% covered under the Pradhan Mantri POshan SHakti Nirman (PM
POSHAN) Scheme. The decision was taken on the basis of an inflation index provided by the
Chandigarh-based Labour Bureau under the Ministry of Labour and Employment (MoL&E).
• As per the MoE directions, the material cost is increased from Rs 5.45 to Rs.6.19 for primary
and Bal Vatika classes and for upper primary classes, it is enhanced from Rs 8.17 to Rs 9.29,
with effect from December 01, 2024.
• These enhanced rates will be applicable to all states and Union Territories (UTs) of India.
• The material cost could not be revised during the Financial Year 2023-24 (FY24). So, the
inflation rates of items under the PM POSHAN basket for both FY23 (6.45%) and FY24 (6.74%)
have been considered while determining the enhancement cost.
• The Government of India (GoI) will bear the additional financial burden of Rs 425.62 crore in
the current financial year (FY25) due to the enhancement of material cost.
• PM POSHAN Scheme is a centrally sponsored scheme under the National Food Security Act,
2013(NFSA). The primary objective of the scheme is to provide nutritional support and
enhance school participation of students.
• In September 2021, the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) chaired by Prime
Minister (PM) Narendra Modi had approved the renaming of scheme “National Scheme for
Mid-Day Meal in Schools” to PM POSHAN and extended the scheme from FY21 to FY26. Click
here to read more.

5. Which state has recently (in December ‘24) launched the Rajiv Gandhi Natural Farming
Start-up Scheme 2024?
1) Madhya Pradesh
2) Maharashtra
3) Himachal Pradesh
4) Uttarakhand
5) Rajasthan
Answer- 3) Himachal Pradesh
Explanation:
In December 2024, Thakur Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu, the Chief Minister (CM) of Himachal Pradesh
(HP), launched six new initiatives and provided financial assistance to beneficiaries during an event
in Bilaspur, HP.
• To promote natural farming, the CM introduced “Him Bhog Atta” made from maize grown
using natural farming practices. The state government procured 398 metric tonnes (MT)
from 1,506 farmers, and transferred Rs 1.20 crore directly to their bank accounts.

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 • Under the Mukhyamantri Sukh-Ashray Yojana (MMSAY), Rs 1.90 crore was distributed to
197 beneficiaries in Bilaspur, covering pensions, housing grants, education, marriage aid,
and vocational training to support vulnerable families.
• The Six initiatives: Rajiv Gandhi Natural Farming Start-up Scheme 2024, Organic Compost
Purchase Scheme, Electric Taxi (e-Taxi) Scheme for Self-Employment, Indira Gandhi Sukh
Shiksha Yojana 2024, HP Subtropical Horticulture, Irrigation, and Value Addition Project
(HP Shiva), and Mobile Ayush Healthcare Units.

6. Which of the following points is/are ‘correct’ with respect to the launch of Credit Guarantee
Scheme (CGS) for Electronic-Negotiable Warehouse Receipts (e-NWR) based Pledge Financing
(CGS-NPF) by Union Minister Pralhad Joshi, Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public
Distribution (MoCAF&PD) and Ministry of New & Renewable Energy (MoN&RE) in December
2024?
A) The scheme aims to provide Rs 1,000 crore corpus to support post-harvest financing for
farmers.
B) Under this scheme, loans up to Rs 50 lakh and Rs 200 lakhs (Rs 2 crore) will be provided for
agricultural and non-agricultural purposes, respectively.
C) As per the scheme, farmers can access credit by depositing their produce stored in
Warehousing Development and Regulatory Authority (WDRA) accredited warehouses, backed
by e-NWRs.
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C
3) Only B & C
4) Only C
5) All A, B & C
Answer- 2) Only A & C
Explanation:
On December 16 2024, Union Minister Pralhad Joshi, Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public
Distribution (MoCAF&PD) and Ministry of New & Renewable Energy (MoN&RE), launched the Credit
Guarantee Scheme(CGS) for Electronic-Negotiable Warehouse Receipts (e-NWR) based Pledge
Financing (CGS-NPF) in New Delhi, Delhi.
• The scheme aims to provide Rs 1,000 crore corpus to support post-harvest financing for
farmers.
• As per the scheme, farmers can access credit by depositing their produce stored in
Warehousing Development and Regulatory Authority (WDRA) accredited warehouses, backed
by e-NWRs.
• Under this scheme, loans up to Rs 75 lakh and Rs 200 lakhs (Rs 2 crore) will be provided for
agricultural and non-agricultural purposes, respectively.
• It offers a guarantee fee of 0.4% per annum (p.a.) for farmers and 1% for non-farmers.
• The scheme provides guarantee coverage for: 85% of loans up to 3 lakh and 80% for loans
between Rs 3 lakh to Rs 75 lakh for small and marginal farmers/women/ SC/ST/PwD and
75% for other borrowers.
• The scheme will boost the post-harvest lending to Rs 5.5 lakh crore in the next 10 years. Click
here to read more.

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7. In December 2024, the Government of India (GoI) sanctioned ______________ under the Pradhan
Mantri Kisan Urja Suraksha evam Utthaan Mahabhiyan (PM-KUSUM) Scheme to solarize
agriculture for states across India.
1) Rs. 2683 crore
2) Rs. 3971 crore
3) Rs. 4388 crore
4) Rs. 5183 crore
5) Rs. 6248 crore
Answer- 3) Rs. 4388 crore
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Government of India(GoI) sanctioned Rs. 4388 crores under the Pradhan
Mantri Kisan Urja Suraksha evam Utthaan Mahabhiyan (PM-KUSUM) Scheme to solarize agriculture
for states across India.
• The Nodal Ministry for the scheme is the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE).
• The GoI launched PM-KUSUM in March 2019 to boost farmers’ income, provide better
irrigation options, and cut down on the use of diesel in agriculture.
• The scheme aims to provide energy security to farmers in India while helping the country meet
its goal of sourcing 40% of its electric power from non-fossil-fuel sources by 2030, as part of
Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs).
• It aims to add around 34,800 MegaWatt (MW) of solar power by March 2026, with a total
central financial support of Rs 34,422 crore.
• Component A focuses on setting up 10,000 MW of decentralized grid-connected renewable
energy power plants on barren land, with each plant having a capacity between 500 kilowatts
(kW) and 2 MW.
• Under the Component B, 17.50 lakh standalone solar agricultural pumps (up to 7.5 HP) will be
provided to farmers to replace their existing diesel pumps or irrigation systems in areas
without grid electricity.
For the solarisation of 14 lakh grid-connected agriculture pumps, Component C helps individual
farmers solarize their existing grid-connected pumps.

8. Who has recently (in December ‘24) launched the ‘Banglar Bari’ scheme to provide houses
for the rural poor across West Bengal?
1) Droupadi Murmu
2) Narendra Modi
3) Shivraj Singh Chouhan
4) Mamata Banerjee
5) Manohar Lal
Answer- 4) Mamata Banerjee
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Chief Minister (CM) of West Bengal (WB), Mamata Banerjee, launched the
‘Banglar Bari’ scheme to provide houses for the rural poor across WB. The launch was held at the
state secretariat in Nabanna, WB.
• The scheme is completely financed by the state government, with a budget of Rs. 14,773
crores.

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 • Under the scheme, each family will receive a total of Rs.1.20 lakh for house construction, with
Rs. 60,000 provided in the first instalment.
• The beneficiaries would receive the money in two phases. Over 28 lakh genuine beneficiaries
have been identified through a state-conducted survey for the scheme.
• The CM handed over the funds to 42 beneficiaries from 21 districts, over 12 lakh beneficiaries
in the State are eligible for the first instalment.
• 16 lakhs more beneficiaries would receive housing allowances before the 2026 Assembly
elections in WB.

9. Which state has recently (in December ‘24) become the fifth state in India to provide 100%
piped water supply to rural households under the “Jal Jeevan Mission(JJM) – Har Ghar Jal(HGJ)”
Scheme?
1) Punjab
2) Haryana
3) Gujarat
4) Rajasthan
5) Uttarakhand
Answer- 1) Punjab
Explanation:
In December 2024, Hardeep Singh Mundian, Ministry for Water Supply and Sanitation, Punjab,
announced that Punjab has become the fifth state in India after to provide 100% piped water supply
to rural households under the “Jal Jeevan Mission(JJM) – Har Ghar Jal(HGJ)” Scheme.
• The Water Supply and Sanitation Department of Punjab achieved this milestone under the
leadership of Bhagwant Singh Mann, Chief Minister (CM) of Punjab, providing clean drinking
water and improved sanitation facilities to the rural population.
• To tackle water quality and scarcity issues, 15 major canal water projects are being
implemented across 1,706 villages, with a total investment of Rs. 2,174 crores to benefit
approximately 25 lakh people and 4 lakh families.
• In partnership with Punjab Energy Development Agency (PEDA), 20 biogas plants have been
set up at the district level to manage cow dung in shelters.
• Har Ghar Jal (Water to Every Household) is a scheme launched by the Ministry of Jal Shakti
(MoJS), Government of India (GoI), as part of the Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) in 2019.
• The scheme aims to provide 55 liters(l) of tap water per person per day to every rural
household.
• 100% tap water supply certified states and Union Territories (UTs): Goa; Andaman and
Nicobar (A&N) Islands; Puducherry; Dadra & Nagar Haveli (D&NH) and Daman and Diu
(D&D); Arunachal Pradesh (AR); Haryana and Punjab.
• 100% tap water supply reported states and UTs: Telangana, Mizoram, Himachal Pradesh (HP),
Gujarat.

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 VISITS
1. Which of the following points is/are correct with respect to the Prime Minister Narendra
Modi’s visit to Nigeria, Brazil, and Guyana from 16th to 21st November 2024?
A) PM Modi was awarded with the Grand Commander of the Order of Niger (GCON) on 17th
November 2024 in a ceremony at the State House by the President of the Federal Republic of
Nigeria.
B) He visited Rio de Janeiro, Brazil on 18th November 2024 to participate in the G20 (Group of
20) Summit, hosted by Brazilian President Luis Inácio Lula da Silva.
C) India and Guyana signed 5 Memorandums of Understanding (MoUs) during Prime Minister
Narendra Modi’s visit to Guyana that covered various sectors.
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C
3) Only B & C
4) Only C
5) All A, B & C
Answer- 1) Only A & B
Explanation:
Narendra Modi, Prime Minister (PM) of India, was on an official visit to Nigeria, Brazil, and Guyana
from 16th to 21st November 2024 with an aim to strengthen the diplomatic and economic ties with
key global partners.
• PM Modi was awarded with the Grand Commander of the Order of Niger (GCON) on 17th
November 2024 in a ceremony at the State House by the President of the Federal Republic of
Nigeria, H.E. Bola Ahmed Tinubu.
• He visited Rio de Janeiro, Brazil on 18th November 2024 to participate in the G20(Group of
20) Summit, hosted by Brazilian President Luis Inácio Lula da Silva.
• India and Guyana signed 10 Memorandums of Understanding (MoUs) during Prime Minister
Narendra Modi’s visit to Guyana that covered various sectors.
• PM Modi was conferred with Guyana’s highest civilian honor, ‘The Order of Excellence’, by
President Mohamed Irfaan Ali at a ceremony on 20th November 2024 for his exceptional
service to the global community, statesmanship and contribution in deepening India-Guyana
relations.
• PM Modi was conferred with the Honorary Order of Freedom of Barbados Award by the PM
Mia Amor Mottley of Barbados for acknowledging his leadership and contributions.
• The Commonwealth of Dominica has conferred its highest national honour, the Dominica
Award of Honour, upon PM Narendra Modi and was presented by the President Sylvanie
Burton.
• PM Modi presented the global leaders with unique gifts from India during the three-nation
visit.

2. H.E. Abdullah Ali Al Yahya, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the State of Kuwait, paid a visit to
India from 3 to 4 December 2024
During the visit, India and Kuwait signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to establish
a __________________________.
1) Strategic Partnership Council

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2) Cultural Exchange Program
3) Defense Cooperation Company
4) Investment and Energy Cooperation
5) Joint Commission for Cooperation
Answer- 5) Joint Commission for Cooperation
Explanation:
H.E. Abdullah Ali Al Yahya, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the State of Kuwait, arrived in New
Delhi(Delhi) paid a visit to India from December 3 to December 4, 2024 at the invitation of Union
Minister Dr. S. Jaishankar, Ministry of External Affairs (MEA).
• This marked his first official trip to India in this capacity, highlighting the strong and evolving
ties between the two nations.
• A key highlight of H.E. Abdullah Ali Al Yahya’s visit to India was the bilateral meeting with
External Affairs Minister (EAM) Dr. S. Jaishankar at Hyderabad House, New Delhi (Delhi).
• During the meeting, the leaders conducted a comprehensive review of India-Kuwait relations,
focusing on several critical areas: Political and trade ties, Investment and energy cooperation,
Food security and Cultural and people-to-people exchanges.
• One of the key outcomes of the visit was the signing of a Memorandum of Understanding
(MoU) to establish a Joint Commission for Cooperation (JCC).
• The JCC aims to streamline collaboration and ensure regular monitoring of bilateral
engagements across diverse fields.
• Under the JCC framework, New Joint Working Groups will be set up in sectors like trade,
investment, education, technology, agriculture, security, and culture.

3. Which of the following points is/are ‘correct’ with respect to the Prime Minister (PM)
Narendra Modi’s visit to Rajasthan and Haryana on 9th December 2024?
A) PM Modi inaugurated the Rising Rajasthan Global Investment Summit 2024 and the
Rajasthan Global Business Expo at the Jaipur Exhibition and Convention Centre (JECC) in
Jaipur, Rajasthan.
B) He inaugurated the ‘Bima Sakhi Yojana’, an initiative of LIC in Jaipur, Rajasthan with an aim
to empower women through financial literacy and insurance awareness.
C) He also laid the foundation stone for the main campus of Maharana Pratap Horticultural
University (MHU) in Uchani, Karnal, Haryana.
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C
3) Only B & C
4) Only C
5) All A, B & C
Answer- 2) Only A & C
Explanation:
Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi visited Rajasthan and Haryana on 9th December 2024.
• PM Modi inaugurated the Rising Rajasthan Global Investment Summit 2024 and the
Rajasthan Global Business Expo at the Jaipur Exhibition and Convention Centre (JECC) in
Jaipur, Rajasthan.
• The theme of the summit is ‘Replete, Responsible, Ready’ and was held from 9th to 11th
December 2024.

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 • PM Modi inaugurated the ‘Bima Sakhi Yojana’, an initiative of Life Insurance Corporation of
India (LIC) in Panipat, Haryana with an aim to empower women through financial literacy
and insurance awareness.
• LIC is expected to spend Rs 840 crore in the first year of Bima Sakhi Yojana.
• The scheme targets women of age 18 to 70 years who have passed class 10 and want to
become volunteer insurance agents.
• PM Modi also laid the foundation stone for the main campus of Maharana Pratap
Horticultural University (MHU) in Uchani, Karnal, Haryana. It is the 7th horticultural
university in India.
• The estimated cost of the project is Rs 700 crores in which Rs 421 crores have been allocated
specifically for the main campus construction. Click here to read more.

4. Union Minister Rajnath Singh, Ministry of Defence (MoD), visited Russia from 8 to 10
December 2024.
Which Indian Naval Ship was commissioned into the Indian Navy at the Yantar Shipyard in
Kaliningrad, Russia?
1) INS Talwar
2) INS Tarkash
3) INS Trikand
4) INS Tushil
5) INS Teg
Answer- 4) INS Tushil
Explanation:
Union Minister Rajnath Singh, Ministry of Defence (MoD), Government of India (GoI) was on an official
3-day visit to the Russian Federation from 8 to 10 December 2024.
• His visit came ahead of Russian President Vladmir Putin’s visit to India at the invitation of
Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi in early 2025.
• During his visit, he paid tribute to the Soviet soldiers killed during the Second World War at
‘The Tomb of the Unknown Soldier’ in Moscow, Russia.
• On December 9 2024, Indian Naval Ship (INS) Tushil (F70), the latest multi-role stealth guided
missile frigate was formally commissioned into the Indian Navy (IN) in the presence of Union
Defence Minister Rajnath Singh at the Yantar Shipyard in Kaliningrad, Russia.
• It is an upgraded Krivak III class frigate of Project 1135.6. At present, 6 vessels of this class
are in service with IN.
• The indigenous content of the INS Tushil has been increased to 26% and number of made-in-
India systems have been doubled to 33 due to the collaboration of Indian naval specialists and
Severnoye Design Bureau, a Russian ship designing company.
• On December 10 2024, Union Minister Rajnath Singh, MoD, India and Andrey Belousov,
Minister of Defence, Russia co-chaired the 21st session of the India-Russia Inter-Governmental
Commission on Military & Military Technical Cooperation (IRIGC-M&MTC) held in Moscow,
the capital city of Russia. Click here to read more.

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5. Which of the following is/are correct with respect to the Union Home Minister and Minister
of Cooperation, Amit Shah’s 3 day visit to Chhattisgarh from 13 to 15 December 2024?
A) The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change facilitated an agreement between
the Chhattisgarh State Minor Forest Produce (Trading and Development) Cooperative
Federation Limited (CGMFPFED) and National Cooperative Organic Limited (NCOL) aimed to
certify forest produce for better market prices.
B) The second agreement between the Chhattisgarh Government, Chhattisgarh State
Cooperative Dairy Federation and National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) focuses on
expanding dairy cooperatives in every village of the state.
C) Amit Shah attended the closing ceremony of the ‘Bastar Olympics’ in Jagdalpur, Chhattisgarh
where he praised the local athletes and the people for their spirit of unity and sportsmanship.
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C
3) Only B & C
4) Only A
5) All A, B & C
Answer- 3) Only B & C
Explanation:
Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Amit Shah embarked on a 3-day visit to
Chhattisgarh from December 13 to 15, 2024 to chair a security review meeting on Left-Wing
Extremism (LWE) in Raipur (Chhattisgarh), with likely focus on fine tuning strategies to achieve the
target of eliminating the Maoist menace by March 31 2026.
• On December 13 2024, the Union Home Minister, Amit Shah presented the ‘President’s
Colour ‘to the Chhattisgarh Police in Raipur (Chhattisgarh), recognizing their exceptional
service in maintaining law and order in the state.
• The ‘President’s Colour’ is a testament to the Chhattisgarh Police’s valor, courage and
commitment.
• The Ministry of Cooperation under Amit Shah’s leadership facilitated the agreements,
focusing on strengthening the economic base of Chhattisgarh’s forest and dairy sectors.
• The first agreement is between the Chhattisgarh State Minor Forest Produce (Trading and
Development) Cooperative Federation Limited (CGMFPFED) and National Cooperative
Organic Limited (NCOL), aims to certify forest produce for better market prices.
• The second agreement between the Chhattisgarh Government, Chhattisgarh State
Cooperative Dairy Federation, and National Dairy Development Board (NDDB), focuses on
expanding dairy cooperatives in every village of the state.
• The project will be funded through various Central Government schemes, loans from the
National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD), and contributions from
the State Government, ensuring a collaborative effort to strengthen the dairy sector.
• Amit Shah attended the closing ceremony of the ‘Bastar Olympics’ in Jagdalpur, Chhattisgarh
where he praised the local athletes and the people for their spirit of unity and sportsmanship.
Click here to read more.

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6. Which of the following is/are correct with respect to the Deputy Prime Minister (PM) and
Minister of Foreign Affairs of Moldova, Mihail Popsoi’s visit to India from 15th to 16th
December 2024?
A) Moldova has joined the International Solar Alliance (ISA) by signing the ISA Framework
Agreement in an effort to promote clean energy and sustainability through the ISA platform.
B) India and Moldova signed a Declaration of Intent to boost solar growth between the two
countries.
C) India and Moldova also signed an MoU with an aim to boost cooperation and facilitate the
exchange of information on training programmes for diplomats.
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C
3) Only B & C
4) Only A
5) All A, B & C
Answer- 2) Only A & C
Explanation:
Mihail Popsoi, Deputy Prime Minister(PM) and Minister of Foreign Affairs of Moldova, visited India
for the first time for an official visit from 15th December to 16th December 2024 at the invitation of
External Affairs Minister(EAM) Subrahmanyam Jaishankar.
• On 15th December 2024 EAM S. Jaishankar along with Moldovan Deputy PM Mihai
Popsoi jointly inaugurated the Embassy of Moldova in New Delhi, Delhi, reflecting the
shared commitment of the two nations since the establishment of diplomatic ties in 1992.
• Moldova has joined the International Solar Alliance (ISA) by signing the ISA Framework
Agreement in an effort to promote clean energy and sustainability through the ISA platform.
• ISA is an inter-governmental treaty-based organization formed to boost solar growth and
reduce the cost of financing and technology.
• The ISA was jointly launched by India and France in 2015, in Paris on the sidelines of the 21st
Conference of Parties (COP21) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate
Change (UNFCCC).
• India and Moldova signed a Declaration of Intent to establish a Migration and Mobility
Partnership between the two countries.
• India and Moldova also signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with an aim to boost
cooperation and facilitate the exchange of information on training programmes for diplomats.
Click here to read more.

7. Which of the following statements is/are ‘correct’ with respect to Sri Lankan President
Anura Kumara Dissanayake's (AKD) visit to India from December 15 to 17, 2024, marking his
first bilateral trip after Sri Lanka’s presidential and parliamentary elections?
A) India and Sri Lanka signed agreement to avoid double taxation and prevent fiscal evasion
related to income taxes in New Delhi (Delhi)
B) A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was signed between the National Centre for Good
Governance (NCGG), Government of India (GoI), and the Sri Lanka Institute of Development
Administration (SLIDA), Sri Lanka
C) A grant of USD 24.9 million was provided for the signaling project on the Maho-
Anuradhapura section of the railway line in Sri Lanka

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1) Only A & B
2) Only B & C
3) Only C
4) Only A & C
5) All A, B, and C
Answer- 1) Only A & B
Explanation:
President of Sri Lanka, Anura Kumara Dissanayake(AKD), visited India from December 15 to
17,2024, marking his first bilateral trip to India after Sri Lanka’s presidential and parliamentary
elections.
ii.India and Sri Lanka sign two agreements on Double taxation, capacity building and training in the
presence of Sri Lankan President Anura Kumara Dissanayake and PM Narendra Modi in New
Delhi(Delhi).
iii.Protocol Amending the Agreement on Double Taxation: An agreement was signed to avoid
double taxation and prevent fiscal evasion related to income taxes.
iv.MoU on Training and Capacity Building for Civil Servants: A Memorandum of Understanding
(MoU) was signed between National Centre for Good Governance (NCGG), Government of India(GoI)
and Sri Lanka Institute of Development Administration (SLIDA), Sri Lanka, focuses on training and
capacity building for Sri Lankan civil servants.
v.Sri Lankan President Anura Kumara Dissanayake along with PM Narendra Modi issued a joint
statement titled “Fostering Partnerships for a Shared Future” which outlinined a wide range of
collaborative initiatives, from energy partnerships to regional security cooperation.
vi.Grant Assistance for Signaling Project: A grant of USD 14.9 million was funded for the signaling
project on the Maho-Anuradhapura section of the railway line in Sri Lanka.
Click here to read more

8. Which of the following points is/are ‘correct’ with respect to the Prime Minister (PM)
Narendra Modi’s visit to Kuwait from 21st to 22nd December 2024?
A) India and Kuwait signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on Cooperation in the
field of Defence.
B) India and Kuwait signed an MoU on Maritime Security Cooperation.
C) PM Modi was awarded the Wisam Mubarak al-Kabeer or the Order of Mubarak the Great by
Sheikh Meshal Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah. This is the highest national award of Kuwait.
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C
3) Only B & C
4) Only C
5) All A, B & C
Answer- 2) Only A & C
Explanation:
Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi made an official 2-day visit to Kuwait from 21st December to
22nd December 2024 at the invitation of Sheikh Meshal Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, the Amir of
the State of Kuwait.
• This was the first visit by an Indian PM to the Gulf nation in over four decades.

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 • The objective of the visit was to review and boost collaborations in key areas such as trade,
energy, investment, culture, and the deep-rooted people-to-people ties between the two
nations.
• India and Kuwait signed four Memorandum of Understandings (MoUs) in the areas of defence,
sports and cultural cooperation.
1. MoU between India and Kuwait on Cooperation in the field of Defence to promote
bilateral cooperation in defence in areas including training, exchange of personnel and
experts, joint exercises, defense industry cooperation, supply of equipment, and
Research and Development (R&D).
2. Cultural Exchange Programme (CEP) between India and Kuwait (2025-2029) to
promote cultural exchanges in art, music, dance, literature, theatre, conserve cultural
heritage, R&D in culture, and organization of festivals.
3. Executive Programme (EP) for Cooperation in the Field of Sports (2025-2028) to
enhance exchange of sports leaders, participation in programs, and exchange of
knowledge and skills in sports medicine, management, media, and science.
4. Kuwait’s membership of International Solar Alliance (ISA) to adopt solar energy and
addressing common challenges to promote usage of solar energy, develop low-carbon
growth economies.
• PM Modi was awarded the Wisam Mubarak al-Kabeer, or the Order of Mubarak the Great,
by Sheikh Meshal Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah on 22nd December 2024. This is the highest
national award of Kuwait.
• He attended the opening ceremony of the 26th Arabian Gulf Cup in Kuwait on 21st December
2024 organized by Kuwait with participation from eight countries, including Gulf Cooperation
Council (GCC) nations, Iraq, and Yemen. Click here to read more.

9. Which of the following points is/are ‘correct’ with respect to the Prime Minister (PM)
Narendra Modi’s visit to Madhya Pradesh (MP) on 25th December 2024 on the occasion of the
100th birth anniversary of former PM Atal Bihari Vajpayee?
A) PM Modi laid the foundation stone of Ken-Betwa River Link Project (KLBP), in Khajuraho,
Madhya Pradesh.
B) He inaugurated the Omkareshwar Floating Solar Project established at Omkareshwar in the
Khandwa district of Madhya Pradesh.
C) He released a Rs.100 commemorative coin and stamp to honor and celebrate the 100th birth
anniversary of former PM Shri Atal Bihari Vajpayee.
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C
3) Only B & C
4) Only C
5) All A, B & C
Answer- 5) All A, B & C
Explanation:
Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi visited Madhya Pradesh (MP) on 25th December 2024 on the
occasion of the 100th birth anniversary of former PM Atal Bihari Vajpayee inaugurated and laid the
foundation stone of various projects.

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 • PM Modi laid the foundation stone of Ken-Betwa River Link Project (KLBP), in Khajuraho,
Madhya Pradesh on 25th December 2024.
• The Union Cabinet had approved Rs 44,605 crore for the KBLP project in December 2021.
• The Ken-Betwa Link Canal will have a length of 221 km including a 2-km tunnel which will
transfer water from the Ken River to the Betwa river, both tributaries of the Yamuna.
• PM Modi inaugurated the Omkareshwar Floating Solar Project established at Omkareshwar
in the Khandwa district of Madhya Pradesh.
• The project is aimed to reduce carbon emissions and contribute to the Government’s mission
of net zero carbon emissions by 2070.
• Atal Gram Sushasan buildings will play an important role in the practical application of work,
better administrative functions and efficient conduct of responsibilities of Gram Panchayats
for good governance at the local level.
• PM Modi released Rs.100 commemorative coin and stamp to honor and celebrate the 100th
birth anniversary of former PM Shri Atal Bihari Vajpayee. Click here to read more.

BANKING AND FINANCE

1. In the first half of the Fiscal Year 2024-2025 (April-September 2025/H1FY25), the Reserve
Bank of India (RBI) in its ‘RBI Bulletin – November 2024’ reported a net purchase of
__________________ in foreign currency assets.
1) USD 8.52 Billion
2) USD 9.6 Billion
3) USD 17.68 Billion
4) USD 23.45 Billion
5) USD 32.27 Billion
Answer- 1) USD 8.52 Billion
Explanation:
In the first half of the Fiscal Year 2024-2025 (April-September 2025/H1FY25), the Reserve Bank of
India (RBI) in its ‘RBI Bulletin – November 2024’ reported a net purchase of USD 8.52 Billion in
foreign currency assets as compared to USD 17.68 Billion in H1FY24.
• As of September 2024, the RBI had bought a net USD 32.27 billion, including USD 9.6 billion
in September.
• RBI sold a net USD 1.5 billion in September 2023, and its net outstanding forward sales stood
at USD 14.58 billion by September 2024.
• As of November 8, 2024, India’s foreign exchange reserves were USD 675.7 billion, down from
a high of USD 705.8 billion in September.
• In 2024, India added USD 53.2 billion to its reserves, the second-largest increase in Asia.
• The RBI plans to launch its first local cloud storage service in 2025, aimed at providing
affordable cloud solutions for financial institutions and competing with global providers like
Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, and Google Cloud.
• The RBI in exercise of its powers conferred under the provisions of Section 47A(1)(c) read
with Section 46(4)(i) of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949 has imposed a fine of Rs 61.40 lakh
on RBL Bank Limited for failing to comply with Know Your Customer (KYC) regulations.

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2. Which company has recently (in November ‘24) commenced disbursing loans through its co-
lending partnership with the State Bank of India (SBI)?
1) Sonata Finance Private Limited
2) Muthoot Microfin Limited
3) Finance and BSS Microfinance
4) BSS Microfinance Limited
5) Fusion MicroFinance Limited
Answer- 2) Muthoot Microfin Limited
Explanation:
Kochi (Kerala)-based Muthoot Microfin Limited (MML), a microfinance institution, has commenced
disbursing loans through its co-lending partnership with the State Bank of India (SBI), India’s largest
commercial bank, headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra.
• This initiative aims to support rural entrepreneurs, enhance financial inclusion, and promote
self-sufficiency in both rural and semi-urban areas.
• Under the collaboration, the SBI has approved a total loan limit of Rs 500 crore, which will be
disbursed in installments of Rs 100 crore.
• By collaborating with SBI, MML can offer loans at lower interest rates, making them more
accessible and affordable for borrowers.
• Through this collaboration, MML, which currently operates in 20 states and 369 districts
across India, plans to expand the co-lending initiative nationwide.

3. Which of the following companies has ‘not’ received the licence by the Reserve Bank of India
(RBI) to operate as a Payment Aggregator - Cross Border (PA-CB) entity?
1) Cashfree Payments
2) Amazon Pay
3) Adyen India
4) Razorpay
5) BillDesk
Answer- 4) Razorpay
Explanation:
Since the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) had notified guidelines to regulate Payment Aggregator- Cross
Border (PA-CB) entities in 2023, only 4 companies: Cashfree Payments, Amazon Pay, BillDesk, and
Adyen India have received the licence to operate within this highly regulated sector.
• This is in contrast with the 41 companies that have been approved to function as domestic
online Payment Aggregators (PAs).
• Bengaluru (Karnataka)-based Cashfree Payments was the 1st company in India, to receive a
PA-CB licence in July, 2024. It had received approval from the RBI to operate within the import
and export sectors.
• Obtaining a license in this sector requires meeting stringent regulations, including Foreign
Exchange Management Act (FEMA) compliance, which is not mandatory for domestic/local
payment aggregators.
• Entities/ Companies that have a domestic PA licence, may get priority when applying for a PA-
CB licence, as they have already shown the necessary compliance during the domestic PA
licensing process.

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 • As per RBI norms, all non-banks providing payment aggregation and payment processing
services are required to have a minimum net worth of Rs 15 crore during application to RBI.
• Mandatory registration with Financial Intelligence Unit-India (FIU-IND) before RBI
Authorization.

4. Which bank has recently (in November ‘24) launched Pragati Savings Account to support
farmers and meet the banking needs of rural and semi-urban people across India?
1) UCO Bank
2) HDFC Bank
3) Karnataka Bank
4) Bandhan Bank
5) City Union Bank
Answer- 2) HDFC Bank
Explanation:
On November 27, 2024 the India’s leading private sector (Housing Development Finance Corporation
Limited) HDFC Bank, announced the launch of Pragati Savings Account which was designed
specifically to support farmers with a wide range of features and benefits in order to meet the banking
needs of rural and semi-urban (SURU) people across India.
• Pragati Savings Account aims to build a comprehensive banking ecosystem for India’s
agricultural sector, including farmers, those in cattle breeding, fisheries, poultry, dairy farming,
self-employed individuals, rural residents, self-help groups, and cooperatives.
• HDFC Bank continues to support rural economies and drive financial inclusion with 51% of its
branches in semi-urban and rural areas.
• HDFC’s partnership with BigHaat Agro Private Limited offers exclusive discounts on farming
tools benefiting over 17 million farmers to improve productivity.
• The Pragati Savings Account comes with customised features such as low-maintenance
requirements and special benefits for rural and semi-urban customers, promoting rural
digitization.

5. In November 2024, the World Bank (WB) approved _________________ funding for the Enhancing
Landscape and Ecosystem Management (ELEMENT) Project in Tripura and Nagaland.
1) USD 126.7 million
2) USD 191.4 million
3) USD 225.5 million
4) USD 263.2 million
5) USD 289.9 million
Answer- 3) USD 225.5 million
Explanation:
The World Bank (WB) has approved USD 225.5 million funding for the Enhancing Landscape and
Ecosystem Management (ELEMENT) Project, aimed at improving forest management and enhancing
economic opportunities in Tripura and Nagaland.
• This decision is expected to benefit over 700,000 people across more than 400 villages in
these northeastern Indian states.

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 • The funding comprises a loan from the International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development (IBRD) with a maturity period of 12 years, including a grace period of 4.5
years.
• The project will also receive a complementary grant of USD 2.4 million from the Global
Partnership for Sustainable and Resilient Landscapes (PROGREEN).
• ELEMENT Project will conserve and restore 100,000 hectares of forest for biodiversity
and tribal livelihoods.
• It prevents 435,000 tons of carbon emissions annually to mitigate climate change.

6. Which insurance company has recently (in November ‘24) introduced OmniGen AI, a
generative AI solution for optimizing risk evaluation in underwriting?
1) Life Insurance Corporation
2) HDFC Life Insurance
3) SBI Life Insurance
4) Canara HSBC Life Insurance
5) ICICI Prudential Life Insurance
Answer- 4) Canara HSBC Life Insurance
Explanation:
Canara HSBC Life Insurance has introduced OmniGen AI (Artificial Intelligence), a first-of-its-kind
generative AI solution to optimize risk evaluation in underwriting.
• This tool, built on the Amazon Web Services (AWS) Bedrock platform, aims to improve
operational efficiency and enhance customer experience in the insurance industry.
• OmniGen AI aids underwriters by analyzing data for quick, accurate decisions, reducing
biases and errors.
• It uses advanced algorithms to identify trends, ensuring precise, time-efficient, and cost-
effective risk evaluations, especially for high-risk cases.
• It uses LLM (Large Language Model) agents to automate the entire process.

7. Which bank has recently (in November ‘24) signed an MoU with Mastercard Impact Fund to
enhance Micro, Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (MSMEs) financing across the Asia-Pacific
region?
1) World Bank
2) Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank
3) Reserve Bank of India
4) New Development Bank
5) Asian Development Bank
Answer- 5) Asian Development Bank
Explanation:
On 28th November 2024, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and Mastercard Impact Fund,
administered by the Mastercard Centre for Inclusive Growth have signed a Memorandum of
Understanding (MoU) to launch a transformative partnership which aimed to enhance Micro, Small
and Medium-sized Enterprises (MSMEs) financing across the Asia-Pacific region.
• Under this partnership, Mastercard will give USD 5 million grant from its Impact Fund to
Financial Institutions (FIs), to boost lending towards MSMEs in the region, with special focus
on women-led enterprises and climate financing among all small businesses.

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 • This grant will help to unlock USD 1 billion in ADB financing for a period of 4 years.
• According to the MoU, the partnership will initially focus on 7 countries from the region:
Georgia, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam.
• The MSMEs in Asia-Pacific region face significant financing shortfall, with nearly 50% of them
are either unserved or underserved by FIs, resulting in a credit gap estimated at USD 2.5
trillion.

8. Which organisation has recently (in November ‘24) gave the approval for Phi Commerce to
offer UPI Switch service for its enterprise customers to support high transaction volumes?
1) Worldline ePayments India
2) Reserve Bank of India
3) National Payments Corporation of India
4) Ministry of Finance
5) Payments Council of India
Answer- 3) National Payments Corporation of India
Explanation:
Pune, Maharashtra-based Phi Commerce, a digital payments fintech, has received National Payments
Corporation of India (NPCI) approval to offer (Unified Payment Interface) UPI Switch service for its
enterprise customers to support high transaction volumes.
• UPI Switch enables Phi Commerce to onboard enterprise customers instantly, reducing the
traditional process of customer induction. This accelerates the launch of new products and
services for enterprises.
• This year Phi Commerce launched CollectiPhi-360, a platform to meet the needs of lenders
across various industries and products, including co-lending, term loans, Buy Now-Pay
Later, and supply chain financing.
• UPI switch is a product that enables communication between core banking systems and UPI
systems managed by NPCI to process UPI transactions.
• When a user initiates a UPI transaction, the UPI switch requests the bank, ensuring that
money debited from the sender’s account is seamlessly credited to the receiver account.

9. What is the total number of transactions recorded by Navi app to surpass Cred app as the 4th
largest UPI app in India in October 2024?
1) 152.28 million
2) 157.51 million
3) 162.36 million
4) 165.29 million
5) 170.56 million
Answer- 2) 157.51 million
Explanation:
Sachin Bansal’s app Navi overtakes Kunal Shah’s Cred app to become the 4th largest Unified
Payment Interface (UPI) app in India. National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) data shows that
Navi witnessed a 31 percent growth by registering 157.51 million transactions in October 2024
overtaking Bengaluru-based Cred, which recorded 152.28 million transactions in the same month.
• UPI market is led by PhonePe with 48% market share, followed by Google Pay and Paytm
with 37% and 7% market share respectively.

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 • Both Navi and Cred now account for approximately 1% of the market share.

10. Which bank has recently (in November ‘24) launched ‘Esteem Savings Account’ to provide
customized financial services for customers aged 55 years and above?
1) Axis Bank Limited
2) Bandhan Bank Limited
3) Karnataka Bank Limited
4) City Union Bank Limited
5) Federal Bank Limited
Answer- 5) Federal Bank Limited
Explanation:
Aluva(Kerala)-based Indian Private Sector Bank, Federal Bank Limited has launched ‘Esteem
Savings Account’ to provide customized financial services for customers aged 55 years and above
that will cater the diverse financial needs of them.
• These include complimentary insurance cover, airport lounge access, debit card, special family
benefits, among others.
• The account holders will receive various insurance benefits like: free yearly health check-up,
hospital cash facility and doctor on call facility.
• The customers will get exclusive discounts on health, utilities, elder care services, among
others.
• The customers will get 25% discount on locker rent and AMC waived for 1st year of demat
account opening.

11. In November 2024, Government of India (GoI) and Asian Development Bank (ADB) signed a
_______________ loan agreement aimed at enhancing horticulture crop farmers’ access to certified
disease-free planting materials.
1) USD 67 million
2) USD 82 million
3) USD 98 million
4) USD 114 million
5) USD 123 million
Answer- 3) USD 98 million
Explanation:
In November 2024, the Government of India (GoI) and the Asian Development Bank (ADB) signed a
USD 98 million loan agreement aimed at enhancing horticulture crop farmers’ access to certified
disease-free planting materials.
• The loan agreement is part of the “Building India’s Clean Plant Programme” and was signed
by Juhi Mukherjee, Joint Secretary of the Department of Economic Affairs(DEA), Ministry of
Finance(MoF), and Kai Wei Yeo, Officer-in-Charge of ADB’s India Resident Mission.
• This initiative is designed to improve crop yield, quality, and resilience to climate change.
• The project aims to establish at least six clean plant centers. These centers will be equipped
with advanced laboratories for disease diagnostics and staffed with trained experts to enhance
plant health management.
• It will introduce a clean plant certification scheme to accredit private nurseries, ensuring the
testing and certification of their planting materials.

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 • The Project will be executed by the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare (MoAFW) in
collaboration with the National Horticulture Board (NHB) and the Indian Council of
Agricultural Research (ICAR).
• According to production data of Food and Agriculture Organization Corporate Statistical
Database(FAOSTAT), India is the world’s largest producer of milk, pulses, and jute.

12. Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has recently (in November ‘24) injected _______________ into the
banking system to manage the increasing liquidity deficit.
1) Rs 4,336 crore
2) Rs 5,267 crore
3) Rs 6,956 crore
4) Rs 7,485 crore
5) Rs 8,367 crore
Answer- 3) Rs 6,956 crore
Explanation:
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) injected Rs 6,956 crore into the banking system to manage the
increasing liquidity deficit, following a surplus liquidity of Rs 1.4 lakh crore that lasted more than two
months.
• The liquidity deficit has arisen due to a negative balance of payments in Q3FY25, totaling
USD 23 billion, driven by continued outflows from foreign portfolio investors (FPI) and the
RBI’s dollar sales in the market to stabilize the rupee.
• The core liquidity dropped from a peak surplus of Rs 4.6 trillion on September 27 2024 to
Rs 1.6 trillion by November 15 2024.
• India’s foreign exchange reserves declined by USD 17.8 billion in the week ending
November 15, reaching a 4-month low of USD 657.9 billion.
• India’s merchandise trade deficit increased to a two-month high of USD 27.14 billion in
October, up from $20.78 billion in September.

13. Which ministry has recently (in December ‘24) collaborated with Razorpay along with
Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C) to enhance cyber security of the digital
payments ecosystem in India?
1) Ministry of Home Affairs
2) Ministry of Communications
3) Ministry of Law and Justice
4) Ministry of Commerce and Industry
5)Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology
Answer- 1) Ministry of Home Affairs
Explanation:
On December 2 2024, Razorpay, India’s first full-stack financial solutions company, collaborated with the
Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) and the Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C) to enhance cyber
security of the digital payments ecosystem in the country.
• This collaboration aims to provide necessary knowledge to the businesses and end customers to
protect themselves and promote awareness about cybersecurity across India.
• This initiative will integrate Razorpay’s technological expertise with the government’s
cybersecurity strategies to strengthen the country’s digital infrastructure.

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 • India now accounts for 46% of the world’s digital payment volume.
• According to the data from the National Cybercrime Reporting Portal, India has witnessed over
7,000 daily cybercrime complaints, with 85% linked to financial fraud between January 2024 and
April 2024.
• Razorpay has connected with over 1,600 cybercrime stations across 25 states and union
territories, to boost collaboration in preventing cybercrime.

14. Which company has recently (in November ‘24) launched Unified Payment Interface (UPI)
Lite Auto Top-Up designed to streamline small, frequent transactions for users, making
everyday payments quick and hassle free?
1) GooglePay
2) PhonePe
3) Razorpay
4) Paytm
5) PayPal
Answer- 4) Paytm
Explanation:
Paytm, operated by One97 Communications, launched Unified Payment Interface(UPI) Lite Auto Top-Up
which was designed to streamline small, frequent transactions for users, making everyday payments quick
and hassle free.
• This feature is powered by National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI). It eliminates the
need for One Time Password (OTP) or Personal Identification Number (PIN) for payments
under Rs.500.
• This initiative aims to make micro transactions more efficient, offering users the convenience of
instant payments without the need for PINs.
• Paytm UPI Lite is available for all Paytm users, and payments are processed via the Paytm app,
enabling easy tracking of daily expenses. With a cap of Rs 2,000 per day, it empowers users to
manage microtransactions effectively.

15. Which bank has recently (in November ‘24) released the report International Debt Report
(IDR) 2024 stating that India’s total external debt has increased by USD 31 billion to USD
646.79 billion in 2023.?
1) World Bank
2) Asian Development Bank
3) Reserve Bank of India
4) New Development Bank
5) European Investment Bank
Answer- 1) World Bank
Explanation:
According to the World Bank’s latest International Debt Report (IDR) 2024, India’s total external
debt has increased by USD 31 billion to USD 646.79 billion in 2023.The report revealed that interest
payment increased from USD 15.08 billion (in 2022) to USD 22.54 billion (in 2023).
• As per the report, the total external debt owed by all Low-and-Middle-Income Countries
(LMICs) reached a record USD 8.8 trillion, which marks an increase of 8% over 2020.

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 • While, the debt for the International Development Association (IDA)-eligible nations touched
to USD 1.1 trillion, an increase of approximately 18%.
• As per the report, the long-term debt stocks have increased by 7% to USD 498 billion in 2023,
while short-term debt stocks decreased marginally to USD 126.32 billion in 2023.
• The report showed that external debt stock as percentage of exports was 80%, while debt
servicing 10% exports in 2023.
• The report further revealed that net debt inflows was USD 33.42 billion, while the net equity
inflows was higher at USD 46.94 billion in 2023.
• On 3rd December 2024, the World Bank approved a USD 188.28 million loan to Maharashtra
in order to boost its economy, particularly in underdeveloped districts of the state.
• As per this loan arrangement, Maha Databank, a data governance framework will be created
to address development challenges, including gender disparities. Click here to read more.

16. In December 2024, the Government of India (GoI) and the Asian Development Bank (ADB)
signed a USD 50 million loan agreement to improve water security and climate resilience in
which state?
1) Nagaland
2) Haryana
3) Meghalaya
4) Uttar Pradesh
5) Himachal Pradesh
Answer- 3) Meghalaya
Explanation:
On December 5 2024, the Government of India (GoI) and the Asian Development Bank (ADB) signed a
significant USD 50 million loan agreement to enhance water security and climate resilience in
Meghalaya.
• The Climate-Adaptative Community-Based Water-Harvesting Project aims to address water
scarcity, improve agricultural productivity and strengthen community resilience to climate
change through advanced water harvesting systems.
• The project aligned with the Meghalaya State Water Policy (MSWP) 2019 will integrate
climate adaptation strategies into water resource management.
• The project will create 3,000 hectares of reliable irrigation areas benefiting local farmers
and enhancing agricultural productivity.
• The initiative will focus on the construction of 532 small water storage facilities across 12
districts in Meghalaya.
• The project will pilot renewable energy micro hydropower systems in 3 water harvesting
facilities offering sustainable energy solutions to local communities.

17. Which bank has recently (in December ‘24) introduced the ‘ARISE Women’s Savings
Account’, a specialized solution to empower women financially?
1) RBL Bank Limited
2) Axis Bank Limited
3) Federal Bank Limited
4) HDFC Bank Limited
5) ICICI Bank Limited

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Answer- 2) Axis Bank Limited
Explanation:
On December 5 2024, Axis Bank Limited, one of India’s leading private sector banks, introduced the
‘ARISE Women’s Savings Account’, a specialized solution aimed at empowering women financially.
• It was launched by Arundhati Bhattacharya, Chairperson and Chief Executive Officer
(CEO) of Salesforce India Private Limited in the presence of Amitabh Chaudhry, Managing
Director (MD) & CEO, Axis Bank and Munish Sharda, Executive Director of Axis Bank.
• This account provides an array of exclusive benefits, including access to women specific
financial experts, personalized investment options, healthcare discounts, and much more.
• Extend benefits to family members, with the option to link children’s accounts without
initial funding.
• Account holders also receive the ARISE Debit Card offering higher transaction limits with
Rs.5 lakhs on Point of sale (POS) and Rs.1 lakh at Automated Teller Machine (ATM). It also
provides rewards as well as a Complimentary Non Equity Option (NEO) Credit Card with
discounts on services like BookMyShow and Zomato.
• Healthcare benefits are comprehensive with discounts of up to 70% on diagnostic tests,
unlimited consultations with top hospital experts and access to wellness programs.

18. In November 2024, the Security Exchange Board of India (SEBI) approved Angel One Asset
Management Company (AMC) Limited to act as the AMC for Angel One ____________________ which
will specialise exclusively in passive investment strategies.
1) Alternative Investment Funds
2) Exchange-Traded Fund
3) Passive Fund
4) Mutual Fund
5) Index Fund
Answer- 4) Mutual Fund
Explanation:
In November 2024, the Security Exchange Board of India (SEBI) approved Angel One Asset
Management Company (AMC) Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary of Angel One Limited, to act as
the AMC for Angel One Mutual Fund (MF) which will specialise exclusively in passive investment
strategies.
• Angel One AMC aims to deliver user-friendly investment products to retail investors across the
country, leveraging its digital infrastructure and distribution network.
• According to fintech firm Angel One, Angel One Mutual Fund will offer passive investment
products like index funds and Exchange-Traded Funds(ETFs), providing clients with a low-
cost, transparent, and convenient way to build wealth.

19. In November 2024, Under Section (11) of the SEBI Act, 1992, the Securities and Exchange
Board of India (SEBI) released a circular, granting the SEBI to protect investor interests,
regulate the securities market, and promote its development.
The interoperability for cash, derivatives, and interest rate derivatives will come into effect
from _______________.
1) January 1, 2025
2) March 1, 2025

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3) April 1, 2025
4) June 1, 2025
5) August 1, 2025
Answer- 3) April 1, 2025
Explanation:
In November 2024, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) issued a circular under Section
(11) of the SEBI Act, 1992, which empowers the SEBI to protect investor interests, regulate the
securities market, and promote its development.
• Through this circular, SEBI has outlined a comprehensive Business Continuity Plan (BCP) for
interoperability of stock exchanges and clearing corporations to address the issue of trading
outages or glitches.
• The interoperability for cash, derivatives, and interest rate derivatives will come into effect
from April 1, 2025.
• SEBI has mandated the National Stock Exchange (NSE) and Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) to
act as a backup to each other, in case of any trading outage.
• Both the stock exchanges are required to submit the aforesaid SOP to SEBI within 60 days
from the date of the circular.
• In case of an outage, the affected exchanges are required to inform SEBI within 75 minutes of
the occurrence and invoke BCP. The alternative trading venue will implement a continuity plan
within 15 minutes of such intimation.
• The stock exchange which does not have a highly correlated index derivatives product
available on the other, then the exchange may create such an index and introduce derivatives
contracts on the same. Click here to read more.

20. Which bank has recently (in November ‘24) approved a USD 350 million Policy Based Loan
(PBL) to aid the Government of India (GoI) in strengthening and modernizing the country’s
logistics sector?
1) World Bank
2) Asian Development Bank
3) European Investment Bank
4) New Development Bank
5) Japan Bank for International Cooperation
Answer- 2) Asian Development Bank
Explanation:
On December 6 2024, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) approved a USD 350 million Policy Based
Loan (PBL) to aid the Government of India (GoI) in strengthening and modernizing the country’s
logistics sector.
• This funding supports the 2nd subprogram of the Strengthening Multimodal and Integrated
Logistics Ecosystem Program (SMILE) which is aimed at enhancing India’s economic
competitiveness.
• It builds on the reforms of the first subprogram which focused on institutionalizing policies
for better interagency coordination and standardizing processes to attract private sector
investment.
• The GoI has launched strategic policies including the Prime Minister Gati Shakti-National
Master Plan (PMGS-NMP) and the National Logistics Policy (NLP).

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 • This initiative focuses on creating a comprehensive policy, planning and institutional
framework at the federal, state and city levels to improve logistics.
• The transformation was expected to reduce logistics costs, increase efficiency, create job
opportunities and promote gender inclusion, all of which will contribute to sustainable
economic growth.
• With India’s export growth increasing significantly from USD 48.5 billion in 2000 to USD 467.5
billion in 2022, the government’s aim is to reach USD 2 trillion in goods and services exports
by 2030.

21. Which of the following points is/are ‘correct’ with respect to the highlights of Reserve Bank
of India’s (RBI) 5th Bi-monthly Monetary Policy of Financial Year 2024-25 (FY25) released in
December 2024?
A) India’s FY25 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth forecast down to 6.4% from the
previous projection of 7.2% for FY25.
B) RBI has reduced the cash reserve ratio (CRR) of all banks by 50 basis points in two equal
tranches of 25 bps each to 4.0% of their deposits.
C) RBI has decided to increase the limit for collateral free agricultural loans from Rs 1.6 lakh
per borrower to Rs 3 lakh per borrower keeping into account the rise in agricultural input
costs and overall inflation.
D) RBI has proposed to link the (Foreign Exchange) FX-Retail platform with Bharat Connect
platform of National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) to bring transparency and fairness
in the pricing of foreign exchange for users.
E) RBI has launched an innovative AI model called MuleHunter.ai developed by the Reserve
Bank Innovation Hub (RBIH) with an aim to address the growing issues of digital fraud and
tighten its grip on mule accounts.
1) Only A, C & D
2) Only B, D & E
3) Only A & B
4) Only D & E
5) All the above
Answer- 2) Only B, D & E
Explanation:
The Reserve Bank of India’s (RBI) Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) met from 4th December to 6th
December 2024 and released its 5th Bi-Monthly Monetary Policy of Financial Year 2024-25 (FY25).
The six-member rate-setting panel has revised India’s FY25 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth
forecast down to 6.6% from the previous projection of 7.2% for FY25. The December FY25 meeting
was RBI’s 52nd MPC meeting.
• RBI has projected the real GDP growth for 2024-25 with Q3 at 6.8% and Q4 at 7.2%. Real
GDP growth for Q1:2025-26 is projected at 6.9%; and Q2 at 7.3%.
• The RBI has raised the inflation forecast for FY25 to 4.8% as against 4.5% earlier with Q3 at
5.7% and Q4 at 4.5%.
• The RBI has permitted small finance banks (SFBs) to offer pre-sanctioned credit lines via
the Unified Payments Interface (UPI).
• RBI has reduced the cash reserve ratio (CRR) of all banks by 50 basis points in two equal
tranches of 25 bps each to 4.0% of their deposits.

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 • RBI has decided to increase the limit for collateral free agricultural loans from Rs 1.6 lakh per
borrower to Rs 2 lakh per borrower keeping into account the rise in agricultural input costs
and overall inflation.
• RBI has launched an innovative artificial intelligence model called MuleHunter.ai which is
developed by the Reserve Bank Innovation Hub (RBIH) with an aim to address the growing
issues of digital fraud and tighten its grip on mule accounts.
• RBI has proposed to link the (Foreign Exchange) FX-Retail platform with Bharat Connect
platform of National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) with the objective of bringing
greater transparency and fairness in the pricing of foreign exchange for users, especially for
individuals and the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises.
• RBI has decided to float a new interest rate benchmark – the Secured Overnight Rupee
Rate (SORR) to improve credibility of the index. Click here to read more.

22. Which company has recently (in December ‘24) received a loan of 91 million euros from
Deutsche Bank AG, India?
1) Bharat Financial Inclusion
2) PNB Housing Finance
3) Manappuram Finance
4) Tata Capital Financial Services
5) SMFG India Credit Company Limited
Answer- 5) SMFG India Credit Company Limited
Explanation:
On December 9 2024, Deutsche Bank AG, India, a fully integrated financial services provider of
Germany based Deutsche Bank AG, announced that it has provided a loan of 91 million euros (about
Rs 813 crore) to SMFG India Credit Company Limited (SMICC), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Japan-
based Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group (SMFG).
• The loan is compliant with Deutsche Bank’s Sustainable Finance framework criteria.
• This is a sustainability-linked loan facilitated through the Deutsche Bank’s Gujarat
International Financial Tec-City (GIFT City) branch in Gandhinagar(Gujarat) for a period of 3
years.
• plans to channel the funds toward micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) and enhance
its impact in rural areas

23. In December 2024, Bank of Baroda (BOB) unveiled two new loans schemes, namely ‘Baroda
Mahila Swavalamban’ to support women and ‘Baroda Smart OverDraft’ for ____________________.
1) Farmers
2) Startups
3) Girl Child
4) Self-Employed Individuals
5) Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises
Answer- 5) Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises
Explanation:
On December 09 2024, Bank of Baroda (BOB), India’s leading Public Sector Bank (PSB), unveiled two
new loans schemes targeting Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). The loan schemes are
‘Baroda Mahila Swavalamban’, a loan scheme designed specifically to support women

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entrepreneurs and ‘Baroda Smart OverDraft(OD)’, a digital OD facility targeting Goods and Services
Tax (GST)-registered MSMEs.
• The main objective of both these new schemes is to ease access to financing for the MSME
sector.
• The new and existing customers of the bank can avail the benefits of both schemes, with a
simplified application process accessible through all branches of BoB across the country.
• Baroda Mahila Swavalamban offers competitive interest rates starting at 9.15%, the scheme is
linked to the Baroda Repo Linked Lending Rate (BRLLR).
• The borrowers can avail loans ranging from Rs 20 lakh to Rs 7.5 crore, with relaxed margin
requirements for capital expenditure(capex).
• Baroda Smart OD will use technology-driven credit assessments based on GST returns, banking
activity, and online transactions.
• The beneficiaries can avail OD facility ranging from Rs 50,000 to Rs 25 lakh, on an interest
rate of 10% per annum for a period of 12-month. Click here to read more.

24. Which bank has recently (in December ‘24) unveiled its first Artificial Intelligence (AI)-
powered holographic digital avatar of Amitabh Bachchan?
1) Federal Bank
2) ICICI Bank
3) Karnataka Bank
4) IDFC FIRST Bank
5) Kotak Mahindra Bank
Answer- 4) IDFC FIRST Bank
Explanation:
On December 6 2024, Mumbai (Maharashtra) based Infrastructure Development Finance Company
Limited (IDFC) FIRST Bank Limited unveiled the first-of-its-kind Artificial Intelligence (AI)-powered
holographic digital avatar of its Brand ambassador Amitabh Bachchan.
• This pioneering technology was presented through a Holographic Extended Reality (HXR)
device, allowing customers to interact directly with the avatar, offering an immersive and
personalized banking experience.
• The first device was launched at the bank’s Juhu branch in Mumbai with plans for future
deployment in high footfall branches and strategic locations nationwide.
• The avatar provides insights into key services, such as Zero Fee Banking, Mobile Banking,
Monthly Interest Credits, and the BRAVO Current Account.

25. Which bank has recently (in December ‘24) collaborated with Mastercard and launched a
premium credit card designed specifically for its Global Private Banking clients?
1) Deutsche Bank India
2) Barclays Bank India
3) European Investment Bank
4) Japan Bank for International Cooperation
5) Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited, India
Answer- 5) Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited, India

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Explanation:
On December 5 2024, the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited, India (HSBC India)
in collaboration with Mastercard launched ‘HSBC Privé’, a premium credit card designed specifically
for its Global Private Banking clients.
• The card aims at High-Net-Worth Individuals (HNWI) and Ultra-High-Net-Worth Individuals
(UHNWI) offering exclusive caters to entrepreneurs, professionals and their families with
investable assets exceeding USD 2 million.
• HSBC Privé was first introduced in Hong Kong October 2024 and will be rolled out in other
markets globally.
• HSBC Privé Card Benefits are Travel Privileges, Airport Lounge Access, Zero Forex Mark-Up,
Bespoke travel, Golf Access, Shopping, Wellness Programs, Personal Concierge Services and
Invitation-Only & Targeted Market.

26. In December 2024, Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) launched its Golden Jubilee
(GJF) Scholarship Scheme 2024 to assist ___________________in accessing higher education.
1) Differently Abled Students
2) Girl Students
3) Economically Weaker Students
4) Academically Outstanding Students
5) Minority Communities Students
Answer- 3) Economically Weaker Students
Explanation:
The Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) has launched its Golden Jubilee (GJF) Scholarship
Scheme 2024 to assist students from economically weaker families in accessing higher education.
This scheme supports students enrolled in government or private universities and those pursuing
technical, vocational, and integrated courses.
• This scheme supports students enrolled in government or private universities and those
pursuing technical, vocational, and integrated courses. The scholarship amount has increased
by up to 100% compared to the 2022 scheme.
• The online application process for this scholarship scheme was started on December 8 2024
and will end on December 22 2024.
• The LIC GJF Scholarship Scheme providing two types of Scholarship:
1. General Scholarship: The scholarship will be provided for the entire duration of the
course and
2. Special Scholarship for Girl Child: The scholarship will be provided for 2 years under
Special Girl Scholar, subject to the candidate fulfilling requisite eligibility conditions for
renewal.
• General Scholarship Eligibility: Open to students pursuing undergraduate studies or
equivalent courses in government or private institutions.
• Candidates pursuing post-graduation studies or receiving scholarships from private
institutions are not eligible.
• Only one student per family can receive the scholarship, but exceptions allow two if one or
both are female.
• Special scholarship for girl child: Rs 15,000 per annum, disbursed in two installments of Rs
7,500 each.

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 • Eligibility: Awarded to girls pursuing higher education after Class 10 in Intermediate (10+2),
Vocational, Diploma, or courses at ITIs. Click here to read more.

27. Which organisation has recently (in December ‘24) signed a Letter of Intent (LOI) with
Asian Development Bank (ADB) to boost financing for India's infrastructure sector for
sustainable development?
1) National Housing Bank
2) Small Industries Development Bank of India
3) National Investment and Infrastructure Fund Limited
4) National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development
5) National Bank for Financing Infrastructure Development
Answer- 5) National Bank for Financing Infrastructure Development
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and India’s National Bank for Financing
Infrastructure Development (NaBFID) signed a Letter of Intent (LOI), to boost financing for the
country’s infrastructure sector for sustainable development.
• Under the agreement, ADB will give NaBFID a technical grant to improve its capacity and
climate finance to address the funding gap in India’s infrastructure sector.
• The collaboration also includes offering credit lines through ADB-backed private-sector
investments to help finance and transform urban infrastructure and innovative projects that
promote sustainable and inclusive growth in India.
• The ADB has approved a USD 500 million loan, backed by a sovereign guarantee, to India
Infrastructure Finance Company Limited (IIFCL) to support India’s infrastructure projects in
areas such as connectivity, energy transition, urban development, education, and healthcare.
• The ADB has approved a USD 788.8 million loan to Andhra Pradesh(AP) for developing
Amaravati as a green, smart capital city with world-class infrastructure. Click here to read
more.

28. Which bank has recently (in December ‘24) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU)
with the Commonwealth Bank of Australia (CBA) to enhance trade and business collaboration
between Australia and India?
1) Indian Bank
2) ICICI Bank
3) Bank of Baroda
4) Central Bank of India
5) Indian Overseas Bank
Answer- 2) ICICI Bank
Explanation:
On December 11 2024, Mumbai(Maharashtra) based Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of
India (ICICI) Bank Limited, India’s leading private sector bank signed a Memorandum of
Understanding (MoU) with the Commonwealth Bank of Australia (CBA) to enhance trade and
business collaboration between Australia and India.
• This partnership aims to support customers across the Australia-India corridor by offering
banking services and migration assistance.

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 • This MoU will allow both banks to explore collaborative efforts to assist corporate and
business customers looking to invest or establish operations in the other bank’s home
country.
• The Banks will assist customers migrating to Australia and India with banking services and
will also support cross-border payments by collaborating on customer-centric solutions.
• This collaboration comes in the wake of the Australia-India Economic Cooperation and
Trade Agreement (ECTA), which has been in effect since December 2022.

29. In December 2024, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) decided to expand the
scope of the optional T+0 rolling settlement cycle for top _______ stocks in the equity cash
market.
1) 500
2) 410
3) 300
4) 250
5) 100
Answer- 1) 500
Explanation:
On December 10 2024, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) issued a circular in exercise
of powers given under Section (11) of the SEBI Act, 1992, read with Regulation 51 of the Securities
Contracts (Regulation) (Stock Exchanges and Clearing Corporations) Regulations, 2018, Section 26 (3)
of the Depositories Act, 1996 and Regulation 97 of SEBI (Depositories and Participants) Regulations,
2018 which empowers the SEBI to protect investor interests, regulate the securities market, and
promote its development.
• Through this circular, SEBI has decided to expand the scope of the optional T+0 rolling
settlement cycle in the equity cash market.
• As per SEBI’s directions, optional T+0 settlement cycle will be made available to top 500 scrips
in terms of market capitalization as on December 31, 2024.
• All the provisions related to the availability of eligible scrips will come into effect from January
31 2025, while provisions related to Qualified Stock Brokers (QSBs), custodians and block
window mechanism will be applicable from May 1 2025.
• For the initial phase, the eligible scrips will be made available for ‘T+0’ settlement starting with
scrips at the bottom 100 companies every month till the top 500 companies are available for
trading.
• Stock Exchanges will introduce a mechanism for Block Deal window under the optional ‘T+0’
settlement cycle, this mechanism will be available only for the morning session during 8:45 am
to 9:00 am.
• SEBI has directed the QSBs with a minimum number of active clients as of December 31, 2024
to put in place systems so that their clients can also participate in the ‘T+0’ settlement cycle.
• T+0 settlement is a process in which transactions are settled on the same day as the trade date,
without any delay. Click here to read more.

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30. In December 2024, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) mandated all Mutual
Fund (MF) companies to reduce the processing time for cancelling their Systematic Investment
Plans (SIPs) to how many working days?
1) 3 working days
2) 7 working days
3) 5 working days
4) 9 working days
5) 2 working days
Answer- 5) 2 working days
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) mandated all Mutual Fund (MF)
companies to reduce the processing time for cancelling their Systematic Investment Plans (SIPs) to 2
working days from the previous 10 working days.
• This new timeline for cancellation of SIPs has come into effect from December 1, 2024.
• As per the new norms, it is now mandatory for all Asset Management Companies (AMCs) to
adhere to the two–day time frame for the cancellation of SIP, irrespective of whether SIP was
registered online or offline.
• Investors can cancel their SIPs through websites of AMCs, Register and Transfer Agents
(RTAs), exchanges and other channel partners.
• While submitting request for cancellation of SIP, investors are required to select a reason from
pre-defined list. This requirement will help AMCs to enhance their services and offerings.
• Investors will receive regular updates about the status of their cancellation requests. This will
ensure transparency as well as investors are kept informed throughout the process.
• The new guidelines enable the investors to pause their respective SIP in case they face
temporary financial constraints. This option is available with some restrictions like: limits on
duration and frequency, which differ by fund house. Click here to read more.

31. Which mutual fund company has recently (in December ‘24) introduced India’s first
Exchange Traded Fund (ETF) focused on the capital markets and insurance sectors?
1) ICICI Prudential Mutual Fund
2) Edelweiss Mutual Fund
3) SBI Mutual Fund
4) Tata Mutual Fund
5) Groww Mutual Fund
Answer- 3) Edelweiss Mutual Fund
Explanation:
In December 2024, Edelweiss Mutual Fund, a leading asset management company, introduced India’s
first Exchange Traded Fund (ETF) focused on the capital markets and insurance sectors.
• The New Fund Offer (NFO) was opened for subscription on December 10 2024 with a
minimum subscription amount of Rs. 5,000. The post NFO investments can be made in
multiples of Re. 1.
• It will close on December 24 2024 and will reopen for continuous sale and repurchase on
January 8.
• The Edelweiss Financial Services Limited’s Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) Capital Markets &
Insurance ETF aims to replicate and track the BSE Capital Markets & Insurance Total Return

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 Index (TRI), which includes top companies in broking, life, general insurance and financial
product distribution.
• The fund’s diversified portfolio is divided between capital markets (47.21%) & insurance
(52.79%). The portfolio comprises capital market firms, life insurance, general insurance, &
distributors of financial products.

32. In December 2024, BOBCARD Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary of Bank of Baroda (BOB),
launched the ‘TIARA credit card’ designed to support, empower, and celebrate the financial
independence of ______________.
1) Farmers
2) Single Mothers
3) Women
4) Senior Citizens
5) Entrepreneurs
Answer- 3) Women
Explanation:
In December 2024, BOBCARD Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary of Bank of Baroda (BOB), launched
the unique women-centric ‘TIARA credit card’ designed to support, empower, and celebrate the
financial independence of women.
• It was launched by Indian Model & Actor, Creator of Pinkathon Milind Soman, Yoga
practitioner Ankita Konwar, and Managing Director (MD) and Chief Executive Officer
(CEO) of BOBCARD Limited, Ravindra Rai at Pinkathon, the largest women’s marathon in
India.
• It is a premium card powered by the Rupay network. It provides rewards and benefits in
various categories, such as travel, dining, lifestyle, entertainment, and health.
• Joining and annual fee is Rs 2,499 with Goods and Services Tax (GST) and the joining fee
can be reversed by spending Rs. 25,000 within the first 60 days, while the annual fee can be
exempted by spending Rs. 2,50,000 within the year.
• The key benefits include Lifestyle, Entertainment, Dining and grocery, Health and Reward
Points.

33. Which company has recently (in December ‘24) launched a fraud protection plan “Shield”
to safeguard users from fraudulent Unified Payments Interface (UPI) transactions?
1) BharatPe
2) Paytm
3) PhonePe
4) Razorpay
5) PayU
Answer- 1) BharatPe
Explanation:
In December 2024, BharatPe, a financial Technology Company for merchant payments, launched a
fraud protection plan “Shield” to safeguard users from fraudulent Unified Payments Interface (UPI)
transactions.
• It offers users making their first UPI transaction with the BharatPe application (app) 30 days
of complimentary fraud protection for amounts up to Rs. 5,000.

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 • After this free period, users can continue the service for an affordable fee of Rs.19 per month.
• It covers risks such as computer fraud, phishing attacks, and unauthorized transactions
resulting from phone loss. It also offers a pre-reporting period, allowing users to file claims for
losses incurred up to 10 days before reporting.

34. According to the Ministry of Finance (MoF) official data which was recently (in December
‘24) released, the Gross Non-Performing Asset (GNPA) ratio of Public Sector Banks (PSBs)
decreased from 14.58% in March 2018 to ________ in September 2024?
1) 3.12%
2) 5.45%
3) 4.20%
4) 6.30%
5) 2.85%
Answer: 1) 3.12%
Explanation:
According to the Ministry of Finance (MoF) official data released in December 2024, Gross Non-
Performing Asset (GNPA) ratio of Public Sector Banks (PSBs) have decreased to a decade low from a
peak of 14.58% March 2018 to 3.12% in September 2024.
i.It cited that this significant improvement in GNPA ratio of PSBs is due to measures like the 4Rs
(Recognition, Recapitalisation, Resolution, and Reform) undertaken by the Government of India (GoI),
since 2015.
ii.Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets Ratio (CRAR) of PSBs have improved by 393 basis points (bps),
from 11.45% (in March 2015) to 15.43% (in September 2024).
iii.The data revealed that PSBs have reported the highest ever cumulative net profit of Rs 1.41 lakh
crore during the Financial Year 2023-24 (FY24) compared to the net profit of Rs 1.05 lakh crore in
FY23.
iv.The number of bank branches in India have increased from 1,17,990 (in Mar-14) to 1,60,501 (in
Sep-24). Of 1, 60,501 branches, 1, 00, 686 are located in Rural and Semi-Urban (RUSU) areas of the
country. Click here to read more

35. In December 2024, the Government of India (GoI) signed a __________________ loan agreement
with the Germany-based investment and development bank KFW (formerly Kreditanstalt für
Wiederaufbau) marking the 100% financial closure for Phase 2 of the Bengaluru Metro Rail
Project.
1) Rs. 1268.36 Crore
2) Rs. 2867.81 Crore
3) Rs. 3044.54 Crore
4) Rs. 4528.63 Crore
5) Rs. 5189.57 Crore
Answer- 3) Rs. 3044.54 Crore
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Government of India (GoI) signed a Rs. 3044.54 Crore loan agreement with
the Germany-based investment and development bank KFW (formerly Kreditanstalt für
Wiederaufbau) marking the 100% financial closure for Phase 2 of the Bengaluru Metro Rail
Project.

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 • Additionally, a separate project agreement was also signed between the Bengaluru Metro Rail
Corporation Limited (BMRCL) and KFW Germany.
• Phase 2, covering 75.06 kilometers (km), has an approved senior debt of Rs 12,141.14 crore, of
which the GoI has already secured Rs 9,096.60 crore from Japan International Cooperation
Agency (JICA), Agence Française de Développement (AFD), Asian Infrastructure Investment
Bank (AIIB), and European Investment Bank (EIB).
• The estimated cost of Phase 2 has risen from Rs 26,405 crore in 2014 to Rs 30,695 crore in
2022 and to Rs 40,614.27 crore in 2024, due to construction delays, increased land
requirements, and other factors.
• The Bengaluru Metro Rail Project, also known as ‘Namma Metro’, will support the GoI in
expanding the metro railway network in Bengaluru.
• The project is being developed in phases, with Phase 1 inaugurated in 2011, making it the first
underground metro system in South India.

36. Which small finance bank has recently (in November ‘24) announced its bancassurance
partnership with Bharti AXA Life Insurance Company Limited (BALIC) to offer its customers
with a wide range of life insurance products and financial security solutions?
1) Capital Small Finance Bank Limited
2) ESAF Small Finance Bank Limited
3) Utkarsh Small Finance Bank Limited
4) AU Small Finance Bank Limited
5) Shivalik Small Finance Bank Limited
Answer- 4) AU Small Finance Bank Limited
Explanation:
In November 2024, Jaipur(Rajasthan)-based AU Small Finance Bank Limited (AU SFB), announced its
bancassurance partnership with Mumbai (Maharashtra)-based Bharti AXA Life Insurance Company
Limited (BALIC), a subsidiary of Bharti Life Ventures Private Limited (BLVPL) to offer AU SFB’s
customers with a wide range of life insurance products and financial security solutions.
• The partnership aligns with the shared vision of “Viksit Bharat” and “Insurance to All” by
enhancing insurance penetration, offering customized insurance products to meet diverse
customer needs and expanding distribution channels through bancassurance and digital
platforms.
• AU SFB’s customers will now have access to Bharti AXA Life Insurance’s comprehensive
product portfolio, which includes Life Insurance Plans, Term Insurance Policies, Unit Linked
Insurance Plans (ULIP), Savings Plans, Child Education Plans and Retirement Solutions.

37. Which company’s Certificate of Registration (CoR) has been recently (in December ‘24)
cancelled by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) due to its irregular lending practices and serious
breaches of RBI guidelines on digital lending?
1) Zavron Finance Private Limited
2) KS Finlease Limited
3) Bharatpur Investment Limited
4) Build Con Finance Limited
5) Global Housing Finance Corporation Limited
Answer- 1) Zavron Finance Private Limited

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Explanation:
In December 2024, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) in exercise of powers conferred by Section 45-IA
(6) of the RBI Act, 1934, has cancelled the Certificate of Registration (CoR) of Zavron Finance
Private Limited, a non-banking financial institution (NBFI) based in Nagpur, Maharashtra.
• This action was taken due to its irregular lending practices and serious breaches of RBI
guidelines on digital lending.
• Zavron Finance Limited outsourced key operations like credit appraisal, loan disbursal,
interest rate determination, and Know Your Customer (KYC) verification to third-party
Lending Service Providers (LSPs), violating RBI’s outsourcing code of conduct.
• The company neglected proper due diligence on its LSPs, failing to assess their ownership,
security protocols, and internal controls. Additionally, the company did not monitor their
operations regularly, putting customer data at risk.
• The company did not provide loan agreements and sanction letters in regional languages,
preventing borrowers from accessing and understanding key loan details, thereby violating
transparency norms.

38. RBL Bank and which company has recently (in November ‘24) ended their eight-year
partnership for co-branded credit cards due to changes in synergies?
1) Aditya Birla Finance Limited
2) LIC Housing Finance Limited
3) Muthoot Finance Limited
4) Shriram Finance Limited
5) Bajaj Finance Limited
Answer- 5) Bajaj Finance Limited
Explanation:
In November 2024, Mumbai(Maharashtra) based RBL Bank (formerly known as Ratnakar Bank
Limited) and Pune(Maharashtra) based Bajaj Finance Limited (BFL) decided to end their eight-year
partnership for co-branded credit cards, due to changes in synergies.
• This partnership was established in 2016 to issue co-branded credit cards for a period of
five years and the partnership was renewed in 2021.
• In the 2nd quarter (Q2) of the Financial Year 2024-25(FY25), RBL Bank experienced higher
slippages in its credit card segment due to the transition of collection services in-house
from Bajaj Finance.
• While the co-branded cards issued (around 3.4 million) will still be serviced by RBL Bank,
customers will continue enjoying the same benefits and offers as before. However, when
these cards are renewed, they will be reissued as RBL Bank-branded cards.

39. In December 2024, the World Bank (WB) approved a ___________________ loan for the Uttar
Pradesh Agriculture Growth and Rural Enterprise Ecosystem Strengthening (UP-AGREES)
Project to enhance crop productivity and farmers’ incomes in Uttar Pradesh (UP).
1) USD 175.30 million
2) USD 258.39 million
3) USD 283.45 million
4) USD 325.10 million
5) USD 396.56 million

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Answer- 4) USD 325.10 million
Explanation:
In December 2024, the World Bank (WB) approved a USD 325.10 million loan for the Uttar Pradesh
Agriculture Growth and Rural Enterprise Ecosystem Strengthening (UP-AGREES) Project, which aims
to enhance crop productivity and farmers’ incomes in Uttar Pradesh (UP).
• The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) provided the USD
325.10 million loan with a 33.5-year maturity and a 6-year grace period.
• The project also seeks to attract USD 15 million in private finance to support this initiative.
• In the past 10 years, Uttar Pradesh has become a key player in Indian agriculture, leading
in wheat production, second in rice, and third in agricultural exports. However, small
farmers still face low productivity and poor post-harvest infrastructure.
• The project focuses on strengthening agricultural value chains and improving access to
credit through the eKisan Credit Card (eKCC) to enhance value-added opportunities.
• The project will help establish an Integrated Agri-Export Hub near Jewar Airport in
Greater Noida to boost connections with international markets.

40. Which company has recently (in December ‘24) authorised as a Payment Aggregator (PA)
under the Reserve Bank of India (RBI’s) regulatory framework?
1) In-Solutions Global Limited
2) Paytm Payments Bank
3) PhonePe Payments
4) Razorpay
5) BillDesk
Answer- 1) In-Solutions Global Limited
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) granted full authorisation as a Payment
Aggregator (PA), under its regulatory framework to In-Solutions Global (ISG) Limited, a Mumbai
(Maharashtra)-based fintech company backed by JP Morgan Chase & Co.
• This approval empowers ISG to enhance digital payment experiences for merchants across
diverse sectors, ensuring secure, efficient, and reliable transactions while promoting financial
inclusion.
• The authorisation complements ISG’s existing capabilities, including a Prepaid Payment
Instrument (PPI) license.
• This enables ISG to offer a comprehensive suite of payment services covering online
transactions, retail payments, transit systems, and more.

41. Which of the following points is/are ‘correct’ with respect to the Asian Development Bank
(ADB’s) loan to India in December 2024?
A) Government of India (GoI) and ADB signed a USD 350 million policy-based loan agreement
under the second subprogramme of Strengthening Multimodal and Integrated Logistics
Ecosystem (SMILE) programme to improve and modernize India’s logistics sector.
B) The loan agreement was formalised with the involvement of the Department of Economic
Affairs (DEA), Ministry of Finance (MoF); Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal
Trade (DPIIT), Ministry of Commerce and Industry (MoC&I) and ADB.

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C) The Maharashtra government signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the ADB
for financial assistance of Rs 1,527 crore (USD 200 million) for Phase I of the Nagpur Metro
project.
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C
3) Only B & C
4) Only C
5) All A, B & C
Answer- 1) Only A & B
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Government of India (GoI) and the Asian Development Bank (ADB) signed a
USD 350 million policy-based loan agreement under the second subprogramme of Strengthening
Multimodal and Integrated Logistics Ecosystem (SMILE) programme to improve and modernize
India’s logistics sector.
• The loan agreement was formalised with the involvement of the Department of Economic
Affairs (DEA), Ministry of Finance (MoF); Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal
Trade (DPIIT), Ministry of Commerce and Industry(MoC&I) and the ADB.
• SMILE program is a Programmatic policy-Based Loan (PBL), which comprises two
subprograms and aims to expand India’s manufacturing sector and improve the resilience of
its supply chains.
• The program develops a strong policy framework to enhance logistics efficiency by
strengthening institutional support for multimodal infrastructure development at national,
state, and city levels.
• The Maharashtra government signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the ADB
for financial assistance of Rs 1,527 crore (USD 200 million) for Phase II of the Nagpur Metro
project.
• ADB and the European Investment Bank (EIB) would provide a total of Rs 3,586 crore for the
Nagpur Metro Rail Project Phase-II. Of the total funding, the ADB will provide Rs 1,527 crore.
• The loan amount will be made available to MahaMetro through the Ministry of Housing and
Urban Affairs (MoHUA).

42. In December 2024, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) notified a new asset
class "Specialised Investment Fund (SIF)" between Portfolio Management Services (PMS) and
Mutual Funds (MFs). As per SEBI directions, what is the minimum investment amount for the
new asset class, except for accredited investors?
1) Rs 5 lakh or above
2) Rs 10 lakh or above
3) Rs 20 lakh or above
4) Rs 30 lakh or above
5) Rs 50 lakh or above
Answer- 2) Rs 10 lakh or above
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) notified a new asset
class “Specialised Investment Fund (SIF)” between Portfolio Management Services (PMS) and
Mutual Funds (MFs). As per the SEBI directions, the new asset class will accept investments of Rs 10

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lakh or above across all investment strategies. However, accredited investors are exempted from the
requirement of minimum investment amount.
• The primary objective of introducing this new asset class is to bridge the gap between MFs and
PMS, while ensuring robust risk management and investor protection.
• The notification came following the amendment made to the SEBI (Mutual Funds)
Regulations, 1996.
• As per the new rules, it is mandatory for the fund manager of SIFs to have the relevant National
Institute of Securities Market (NISM) certification.
• As per the new SIF regulations, an investment strategy is not allowed to invest more than
20% of its Net Asset Value (NAV) in debt instruments including money market instruments as
well as non-money market instruments issued by a single issuer and are not investment grade.
• For equity investments, the investment limit on single-company exposure is set at 10% of the
total assets. But, the ownership limit for a company has been increased to 15%.
• SIFs are allowed to allocate maximum 20% of their assets to Real Estate Investment Trusts
(REITs) and Infrastructure Investment Trusts (InvITs), but their investment should not
exceed 10% in any single issuer. Click here to read more.

43. In December 2024, YES BANK Limited introduced ‘YES Business’, a dedicated initiative to
enhance its focus on the business segment, particularly addressing the needs of which sector?
1) Startups
2) Entrepreneurs
3) Government Enterprises
4) Educational Institutions
5) Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises
Answer- 5) Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises
Explanation:
In December 2024, India’s sixth-largest private sector bank YES BANK Limited, has introduced ‘YES
Business’, a dedicated initiative to enhance its focus on the business segment and address their
specific needs. The platform is designed to streamline banking and related services for Micro, Small,
and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), bringing them together under one unified solution.
• The launch of YES Business powered by IRIS Biz application (app), the digital platform by YES
BANK combines core banking services with additional tools to simplify business operations
and help entrepreneurs efficiently manage various aspects of their enterprise.
• IRIS Biz app offers a unified, technology-driven solution with over 100 features. It aims to
meet all entrepreneurial needs, acting as a catalyst for success and contributing to India’s
economic development.
• Simple, digital onboarding allows for a completely online current account setup with Video
KYC, reducing paperwork and speeding up the process of getting started.
• Access to beyond-banking services offers in-app support for accounting, taxation, payroll,
and global trade finance, making it simpler to manage essential tasks without needing multiple
external platforms.
• Quick access to funds is provided through collateral-free overdrafts of up to Rs.25 lakhs via
the app, ensuring prompt availability of working capital.

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44. In December 2024, SBI Life Insurance launched ‘SBI Life – Smart Platina Supreme’ a non-
linked, non-participating _________________.
1) Risk Management Plan
2) Health Insurance Plan
3) Life Insurance Savings Plan
4) Pension Plan
5) Term Insurance Plan
Answer- 3) Life Insurance Savings Plan
Explanation:
SBI Life Insurance, private life insurer, launched ‘SBI Life – Smart Platina Supreme’ a non-linked,
non-participating life insurance savings plan. The policyholder receives guaranteed income benefits
along with 110% of the total premiums paid at the end of the payout period.
• Policy Terms: Policy will be active ranges from 8 to 15 years.
• Payout Period: After the policy matures, the period over which payouts will be made can be
either 15, 20, 25, or 30 years.
• Eligibility to Buy the Policy: Anyone aged 3 to 60 can buy this policy.
• Non-linked- The returns are pre-determined and not impacted by market fluctuations like
stocks or mutual funds.
• Non-participating- The policyholder does not receive profits, bonuses, or dividends from the
insurer’s performance, unlike participating policies.

45. In December 2024, Max Life Insurance Company Limited (MLICL) was officially rebranded
as __________ Max Life Insurance Company Limited following corporate and regulatory
approvals.
1) Axis
2) Bajaj
3) Canara
4) Kotak
5) Federal
Answer- 1) Axis
Explanation:
In December 2024, Max Life Insurance Company Limited (MLICL) has officially rebranded as Axis
Max Life Insurance Company Limited (AMLICL) following corporate and regulatory approvals. The
updated brand identity is represented by a new logo through the inclusion of Axis’s ‘A’ and a
burgundy colour.
• Axis Max Life Insurance Limited is a joint venture between Max Financial Services Limited
(MFSL) and Axis Bank Limited.
• Axis Bank’s board of directors approved the plan to buy more shares in Max Life, increasing
its total stake in the company to 19.99% from 19.02%. As a result, MFSL’s stake in Max Life
decreased from 87% to 81%.
• The visual merger of Axis and Max represents stronger trust in the brand, captured through
the ‘Double Bharosa’ campaign, featuring brand ambassador Rohit Sharma, captain of the
Indian cricket team, and his wife, Ritika Sajdeh.
• The combination of two trusted names in financial services will help the company reach its
long-term growth goals by expanding strategically beyond metro and tier 1 cities.

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46. Which organization recently (in December ‘24) approved a USD 800 million loan for the
Amaravati Integrated Urban Development Project (AIUDP) to develop Amaravati as a
greenfield capital city of Andhra Pradesh (AP)?
1) Asian Development Bank (ADB)
2) International Monetary Fund (IMF)
3) World Bank (WB)
4) United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
5) New Development Bank (NDB)
Answer- 3) World Bank (WB)
Explanation:
On December 20, 2024, the World Bank’s (WB) Board of Executive Directors approved a USD 800
million loan for the Amaravati Integrated Urban Development Project (AIUDP), which aims to build
Amaravati as a greenfield capital city of Andhra Pradesh(AP).
i.The loan amount has a final maturity of 29 years including a grace period of 6 years. India has chosen
to take the loan in Japanese Yen(JPY).
ii.The Bank’s financing will also attract over USD 600 million in private investment, helping the city
become financially sustainable and creating economic opportunities for its residents.

47. In December 2024, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) decided to postpone
the Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) disclosure deadline for value chain partners
of listed companies from the current requirement of Financial Year 2024-25 (FY25) to
___________.
1) FY30
2) FY29
3) FY28
4) FY27
5) FY26
Answer- 5) FY26
Explanation:
The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has decided to postpone the Environmental, Social
and Governance (ESG) disclosure deadline for value chain partners of listed companies by 1 year. i.e.
shifting from the current requirement of Financial Year 2024-25 (FY25) to Financial Year 2025-26
(FY26). This decision was taken during the 208th meeting of SEBI Board held in Mumbai,
Maharashtra.
• With this, disclosure of ESG for value chain will remain ‘voluntary’, instead of the present
‘comply-and-explain’ requirement.
• It has also decided that ESG disclosure for “assessment or assurance” will be applicable from
FY27 instead of the current requirement of FY26.
• This move aimed to promote ease of doing business for listed companies and their value chain
partners in achieving Business Responsibility and Sustainability Reporting (BRSR)
requirements.
• SEBI has introduced a new leadership indicator in Principle 6 of BRSR under) mandates listed
companies and their top-10 value chain partners to disclose green credits created or procured.
• It has further decided to replace the word “assurance” with “assessment or assurance” in
SEBI (Listing Obligations and Disclosure Requirements) Regulations, 2015, related to BRSR.

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 • Assessments will be conducted by 3rd parties as per the standards outlined by the Industry
Standards Forum (ISF) in consultation with SEBI.

48. In December 2024, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) imposed a monetary penalty of
________________ on IndusInd Bank Limited and Rs. 20 lakhs on _______________________ for non-
compliance with certain provisions issued by RBI directions.
1) Rs. 43.64 lakh and Aditya Birla Finance Limited
2) Rs. 38.7 lakh and LIC Housing Finance Limited
3) Rs. 33.69 lakh and Mahindra Finance
4) Rs. 27.3 lakh and Manappuram Finance Limited
5) Rs. 22.25 lakh and Muthoot Finance
Answer- 4) Rs. 27.3 lakh and Manappuram Finance
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) imposed a monetary penalty of Rs. 47.30 lakh on
IndusInd Bank Limited and Manappuram Finance Limited for non-compliance with certain
provisions issued by RBI directions.
• The penalty of Rs. 27.3 lakh on IndusInd Bank was imposed under the provisions of Section
47A(1)(c) read with Section 46(4)(i) of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949, for non-compliance
with specific provisions of the ‘RBI (Interest Rate on Deposits) Directions, 2016’.
• The penalty of Rs. 20 lakhs on Manappuram Finance was imposed under clause (b) of sub-
section (1) of Section 58G read with clause (aa) of sub-section (5) of Section 58B of the RBI Act,
1934, for non-compliance with certain provisions of the “RBI (Know Your Customer, KYC)
Direction, 2016.”
• The RBI conducted the Statutory Inspection for Supervisory Evaluation (ISE 2023) based on
IndusInd Bank’s financial position as of March 31, 2023. After finding non-compliance with its
directions, RBI issued a notice asking the bank.
• RBI concluded that the bank had opened certain savings accounts for ineligible entities,
justifying the monetary penalty.
• The RBI conducted a statutory inspection of Manappuram based on its financial position as of
March 31, 2023, and issued a notice for failing to comply with its directions.
• RBI found that the company failed to verify customers’ Permanent Account Number(PAN)
using the issuing authority’s facility and assigned multiple identification codes to some
customers instead of a Unique Customer Identification Code (UCIC), warranting a monetary
penalty.

49. Which organisation has recently (in December ‘24) launched the website for the
Association of Registered Research Analysts of India (ARRAI)?
1) Reserve Bank of India
2) Securities and Exchange Board of India
3) National Securities Depository Limited
4) National Stock Exchange
5) Bombay Stock Exchange
Answer- 2) Securities and Exchange Board of India

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Explanation:
The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) launched the website for the Association of
Registered Research Analysts of India (ARRAI)- http://arrai.org.in.
• ARRAI, a trade body for SEBI-registered research analysts, was established in March 2024
as a Section 25 company.
• Objective– To build a strong community among analysts, collaborate with SEBI and other
bodies to shape industry policies, promote ethical standards and best practices in research,
and boost investor trust.
• The platform was inaugurated by Kamlesh Chandra Varshney, Whole-Time Member of SEBI,
and Jeevan Sonparote, CGM-in-charge of the Market Intermediaries Regulation and
Supervision Department (MIRSD).

50. Which two Edelweiss Group entities had their business restrictions lifted by the Reserve
Bank of India (RBI) in December 2024?
1) Edelweiss Asset Reconstruction Company (ARC) Limited and Edelweiss Financial Services Limited
2) Edelweiss Tokio Life Insurance and Edelweiss Commodities Limited
3) Edelweiss Financial Services Limited and Edelweiss Tokio Life Insurance
4) Edelweiss Alternative Asset Management and ECL Finance Limited
5) ECL Finance Limited and Edelweiss Asset Reconstruction Company (ARC) Limited
Answer- 5) ECL Finance Limited and Edelweiss Asset Reconstruction Company (ARC) Limited
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) lifted the business restrictions imposed on 2
Edelweiss Group entities – Mumbai(Maharashtra) based ECL Finance Limited and Mumbai based
Edelweiss Asset Reconstruction Company(ARC) Limited. This move comes after both companies
successfully addressed the central bank’s concerns regarding their operations.
• In May 2024, the RBI invoked its powers under the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934 and the
Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest
Act (SARFAESI Act), 2002 to impose restrictions on the 2 non-banking financial entities.
• ECL Finance was directed to cease and desist from undertaking any structured transactions
in respect of its wholesale exposures, other than repayment and/or closure of accounts in
its normal course of business.
• Edelweiss ARC was prohibited from acquiring financial assets and restructuring existing
Security Receipts (SRs) into senior and subordinate tranches.

51. In December 2024, the Government of India (GoI) and the Asian Development Bank (ADB)
signed a ______________ loan to support green and sustainable infrastructure projects aligned with
India’s climate commitments.
1) USD 100 million
2) USD 200 million
3) USD 300 million
4) USD 400 million
5) USD 500 million
Answer- 5) USD 500 million

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Explanation:
In December 2024, the Government of India (GoI) and the Asian Development Bank(ADB) signed a
USD 500 million loan to support green and sustainable infrastructure projects aligned with India’s
climate commitments.
• The ADB loan will be given to the India Infrastructure Finance Company Limited (IIFCL) with a
sovereign guarantee.
• With the support of ADB financing, IIFCL provides long-term funding for infrastructure
projects that prioritize energy transition and connectivity, as well as underserved industries
including urban projects, education, and healthcare.
• The project will increase IIFCL’s institutional capacity to incorporate green and best practices
into infrastructure projects.
• The ADB and Vastu Housing Finance Corporation Limited (Vastu) have entered into a senior
secured loan agreement of up to USD 70 million to enhance access to affordable and
sustainable housing loans in underserved states of India.
• This financing will be utilized to provide loans to EWS and low-income groups and women
borrowers. First-time borrowers will receive at least 15% of the total funds.
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) reports that 95% of India’s total housing deficit is caused by
shortages of 45 million houses for economically weaker communities and 50 million for low-
income groups.

52. Which bank has recently (in December ‘24) partnered with Ecofy to provide innovative
financing options for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSME) investing in commercial
rooftop solar installations?
1) ICICI Bank Limited
2) Federal Bank Limited
3) City Union Bank Limited
4) IndusInd Bank Limited
5) Karnataka Bank Limited
Answer- 2) Federal Bank Limited
Explanation:
Aluva(Kerala) based Federal Bank Limited, the 6th largest private sector bank in India, has
partnered with Ecofy, India’s first green-focused Non-Banking Financial Company (NBFC) supported
by Eversource Capital Private Limited (ECPL), to provide innovative financing options for Micro,
Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSME) investing in commercial rooftop solar installations.
• The partnership is one of the first co-lending initiatives tailored to meet the specific solar
financing needs of the MSME sector.
• The agreement aims to finance 3,600 kilowatts (kW) of rooftop solar installations each year,
helping many MSMEs while reducing over 2,500 tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions
annually-promoting sustainability and supporting green growth.
• The partnership is designed to create financing opportunities for solar installations in the 20-
200 KW range, a segment traditionally underserved by financial institutions.
• Federal Bank provides financing to support the growing MSME sector, with MSME loans
accounting for over 20% of its total loan portfolio.

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53. In December 2024, ICICI Prudential Life Insurance launched ICICI Pru Wish, a critical
illness and surgery insurance product designed specifically for _____________.
1) Farmers
2) Children
3) Women
4) Students
5) Senior Citizens
Answer- 3) Women
Explanation:
In December 2024, ICICI Prudential Life Insurance launched ICICI Pru Wish, a critical illness and
surgery insurance product designed specifically for women. The product developed in partnership
with the Reinsurance Group of America (RGA) and provides a lump sum payout upon diagnosis of
covered conditions.
• ICICI Pru Wish is the life insurance industry’s first health product addressing women-
specific ailments. It also includes coverage options for maternity-related complications and
genetic disorders in newborns.
• ICICI Pru Wish provides an instant payout of up to 100% of the health cover amount when
breast, cervical, and uterine cancers, as well as heart conditions are diagnosed.
• The product offers a 30-year premium guarantee to reduce concerns about premium rises.
• It also provides a premium vacation of up to 12 months during the payment period,
providing financial flexibility in unexpected situations.

54. Name the credit card that was recently (in December ‘24) launched by Hongkong and
Shanghai Banking Corporation(HSBC) India and Mumbai based Indian Hotels Company Limited
(IHCL).
1) HSBC Premier Credit Card
2) HSBC Platinum Card
3) HSBC Elite Credit Card
4) HSBC Taj Credit Card
5) HSBC Royal Credit Card
Answer- 4) HSBC Taj Credit Card
Explanation:
On December 17 2024, Mumbai(Maharashtra) based the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking
Corporation(HSBC) India and Mumbai based Indian Hotels Company Limited (IHCL) have partnered
to introduce the HSBC Taj Credit Card, India’s 1st co-branded hospitality credit card designed for
luxury aiming to deliver bespoke experiences and exceptional services for discerning customers.
• The HSBC Taj Credit Card was launched in collaboration with the Indian Hotels Company
Limited (IHCL) and Visitors International Stay Admission (VISA).
• This card offers exclusive benefits for those who value premium hospitality, luxury travel, and
personalized services.
• Joining Fee: Rs 1,10,000 (payable after card activation).
• Annual Fee: Rs 1,10,000 (charged annually after 12 months).
• Rewards: 8 NeuCoins per Rs 100 spent at IHCL Hotels and 4 NeuCoins at Ginger Hotels (IHCL
Brand).

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55. Which of the following points is/are ‘correct’ with respect to the Annual Report 2023-24 of
the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI)?
A) India's overall insurance penetration (the ratio of annual premiums to Gross Domestic
Product (GDP)) declined for the 2nd consecutive year i.e. to 3.7% during FY24 from 4% in
FY23.
B) The report claims ratio (the net incurred claims to net earned premium) of the non-life
insurance industry declined to 82.52% for the Financial Year 2023-24(FY24), compared to
82.95% in FY23.
C) The report highlighted that the contribution of public sector general insurers have
increased to Rs 90,252 crore in FY24 by 6.66%.
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C
3) Only B & C
4) Only C
5) All A, B & C
Answer- 1) Only A & B
Explanation:
According to the Annual Report 2023-24 of the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of
India (IRDAI), claims ratio(the net incurred claims to net earned premium) of non-life insurance
industry declined to 82.52% for the Financial Year 2023-24(FY24), compared to 82.95% in FY23.
• The report showed that India's overall insurance penetration (the ratio of annual premiums to
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)) declined for the 2nd consecutive year i.e. to 3.7% during FY24
from 4% in FY23.
• The report highlighted that the contribution of public sector general insurers have increased
by 8.88%, from Rs 82,891 crore in FY23 to Rs 90,252 crore in FY24.
• The report showed that the non-life insurance sector underwrote a total direct premium of Rs
2.90 lakh crore in India during FY24, registering a growth of 12.76% from preceding year.
• The report showed that the combined net profit of the non-life insurance sector was Rs 10,119
crore in FY24 as against a net loss of Rs 2,566 crore in FY23.
• The report highlighted that the life insurance paid total benefits of Rs 5.77 trillion in FY24,
accounting 70.22% of the net premium.
• The report revealed that total premiums across all insurance categories reached Rs 11.19
trillion in FY24. Click here to read more.

56. Who will chair the 8-member committee constituted by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to
develop a framework for responsible and ethical enablement of artificial intelligence (FREE-
AI) in the financial sector in December 2024?
1) Debjani Ghosh
2) Abhishek Singh
3) Sanjay Malhotra
4) Pushpak Bhattacharya
5) Shaktikanta Das
Answer- 4) Pushpak Bhattacharya

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Explanation:
In December 2024, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) announced that it has constituted an 8 member
committee to develop a framework for responsible and ethical enablement of artificial intelligence
(FREE-AI) in the financial sector.
• The committee will be chaired by Pushpak Bhattacharya, Professor from the Department
of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT-B),
Mumbai (Maharashtra).
• The committee is expected to submit its report within 6 months from the date of its 1st
meeting.
• RBI’s FinTech Department will provide secretarial support to the newly constituted
committee
• The committee has been mandated to examine the current level of AI adoption in financial
services, globally as well as in India.
• The committee will be required to review regulatory and supervisory approaches on AI
with focus on the financial sector worldwide.

57. Which organisation has recently (in December ‘24) released the revised framework for
setting up and operating of International Trade Financing Services (ITFS) platforms in GIFT-
IFSC, Gandhinagar (Gujarat)?
1) Indian Banks’ Association
2) Reserve Bank of India
3) Securities and Exchange Board of India
4) International Financial Services Centres Authority
5) Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India
Answer- 4) International Financial Services Centres Authority
Explanation:
In December 2024, the International Financial Services Centres Authority (IFSCA) has released the
revised framework for the setting up and operating of International Trade Financing Services (ITFS)
platforms in Gujarat International Finance Tec-City- International Financial Services Centre (GIFT-
IFSC), Gandhinagar (Gujarat).
• This move of allowing ITFS to operate in IFSC will help in bridging the financing gap for
exporters and importers both in India and globally.
• The new framework has rationalized the net worth requirements and allowed the overseas
companies to factor the receivables.
• The new framework has introduced a procedure for grant of provisional registration, a process
involved in refusal, revocation or surrender of registration. Also, the process of registration for
eligible entities can be done through an “on-tap” basis.
• ITFS platforms can now provide clearing and settlement of funds by registering themselves as
payment system operators under the IFSCA (Payment and Settlement Systems)
Regulations, 2024.
• Now, the revised framework has expanded the scope of eligible financiers, by including factors
registered under the Factoring Registration Act, 2011, and finance companies/units
registered in IFSC allowed by the authority to undertake lending or factoring activities.
• IFSCA has clarified that though the list of financiers eligible to participate on the platform has
been expanded, it is ensured these financiers are incorporated in a Financial Action Task Force

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 (FATF) compliant jurisdiction and they have requisite experience of managing assets worth
USD 5 million. Click here to read more.

58. In December 2024, the Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) of the Central Bank of Sri Lanka
imposed a monetary penalty of __________________ on Indian Bank Limited for Non-Compliance.
1) Rs 8.63 Lakh
2) Rs 9.45 Lakh
3) Rs 6.81 Lakh
4) Rs 4.56 Lakh
5) Rs 5.85 Lakh
Answer- 5) Rs 5.85 Lakh
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) of Central Bank of Sri Lanka has imposed
monetary penalty of Rs 5.85 Lakh (2 million Sri Lankan rupees(LKR)) on Chennai (Tamil Nadu
(TN))-based Public Sector Bank (PSB), Indian Bank Limited for not complying with the provisions of
Sri Lanka’s Financial Transactions Reporting Act No.6 of 2006 (FTRA).
• At present, Indian Bank has its two branches in Sri Lanka i.e. in Jaffna and Colombo.

59. Which company powered the “Times Black ICICI Bank Credit Card” recently (in December
‘24) launched by ICICI Bank Limited and Times Internet?
1) Visa Inc
2) PayPal
3) Rupay
4) Mastercard
5) American Express
Answer- 1) Visa Inc
Explanation:
Mumbai (Maharashtra) based ICICI Bank Limited and Times Internet, the digital arm of the Times
of India (TOI) Group, jointly launched the “Times Black ICICI Bank Credit Card,” a super-premium
co-branded metal card offering high-net-worth individuals exclusive travel benefits, luxury lifestyle
services, and curated privileges for exceptional experiences.
• Powered by Visa Inc., the Credit Card stands out with its inaugural edition crafted from
metal infused with historic printing plates of the TOI, symbolizing a seamless blend of
legacy and innovation.
• Cardholders earn 2.5% reward points on international spends and 2% on domestic
purchases, along with exclusive access to premium events by ‘The Times Group’.
• It offers efficient travel experiences like visa services at home, unlimited access to lounges
at over 1,300 international airports, stays at luxurious hotels and resorts, airport transfers,
exclusive access to ‘The Quorum Club’, and lifestyle management services by CribLife.

60. Which bank has recently (in December ‘24) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU)
to enhance agricultural infrastructure and cold chain development across India?
1) Bank of Baroda
2) Central Bank of India
3) State Bank of India

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4) Punjab National Bank
5) Indian Overseas Bank
Answer- 4) Punjab National Bank
Explanation:
Public sector lender Punjab National Bank (PNB), New Delhi(Delhi) and Federation of Cold Storage
Associations of India (FCAOI) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to enhance agricultural
infrastructure and cold chain development across India.
• The agreement marks a significant progress in promoting innovation, upgrading agricultural
infrastructure, and ensuring farmers and agribusinesses have access to effective storage and
cold chain solutions.
• Modern storage infrastructure will help transform Indian agriculture by improving cold
storage facilities, reducing post-harvest losses, and ensuring better prices for farmers, which in
turn will boost economic growth in rural areas.

61. Which organization has recently (in December ‘24) invested USD 75 million in India’s first
sustainability-linked bond (SLB) issued in Indian rupees (INR)?
1) World Bank
2) Asian Development Bank
3) European Investment Bank
4) International Finance Corporation
5) International Monetary Fund
Answer- 4) International Finance Corporation
Explanation:
The International Finance Corporation (IFC), headquartered in Washington, DC, United States of
America (USA), and a member of the World Bank (WB) Group, has invested USD 75 million
(approximately Rs 630 crore) in India’s first sustainability-linked bond (SLB) issued in Indian
rupees (INR).
• The bond was issued by NDR Infrastructure Investment Trust (InvIT), headquartered in
Mumbai, Maharashtra, and sponsored by NDR Warehousing Private Limited.
• This marks the first time a warehousing InvIT in India has issued an SLB.
• IFC’s support will help the NDR InvIT to achieve environmental, social, and governance
(ESG)goals, including EDGE (Excellence in Design for Greater Efficiencies) certification for
its warehouse assets.
• IFC will also assist the NDR InvIT in adopting gender-inclusive work practices through the
India Gender Collaborative (IGC).

62. In December 2024, Tata Power Renewable Energy Limited (TPREL) collaborated with
Canara Bank Limited to promote the adoption of __________________________.
1) Hydroelectric Power Plants
2) Rooftop Solar Systems
3) Wind Energy Systems
4) Biomass Energy Systems
5) Electric Vehicle Charging Stations
Answer- 2) Rooftop Solar Systems

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Explanation:
In December 2024, Tata Power Renewable Energy Limited (TPREL), headquartered in Mumbai,
Maharashtra, collaborated with Canara Bank Limited, a public sector bank (PSB), headquartered in
Bengaluru, Karnataka, to promote the adoption of rooftop solar systems under the Pradhan Mantri
(PM) – Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana
• This partnership aims to make solar energy more accessible and affordable for households
by providing specially designed loan options with attractive terms and benefits.
• For Solar Power system up to 3 kW capacity, loans up to Rs 2,00,000 will be offered with
a 10% margin, 7% annual interest, no collateral, and a 10-year repayment term.
• For Solar Power system between 3 kW and 10 kW, loans up to Rs 6,00,000 will be
offered with a 20% margin, 10% annual interest, no collateral, and a 10-year repayment
term.

63. In December 2024, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) approved the
Enlighten Angel Fund to operate as ____________________.
1) Alternative Investment Fund
2) Private Equity Fund
3) Venture Capital Fund
4) Index Fund
5) Mutual Fund
Answer- 1) Alternative Investment Fund
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) approved the Enlighten Angel
Fund, a platform supporting early-stage startups in India, to operate as an Alternative Investment
Fund (AIF).
• The company will focus on early-stage startups in emerging technologies, smart
manufacturing, and the electric vehicle sectors.
• It has introduced Rs. 200 crore Micro Venture Capital (VC) fund, with a Rs. 100 crore
greenshoe option to enhance its support for India’s emerging entrepreneurs.
• Greenshoe option is a facility in Initial Public Offering (IPO) that enables underwriters to
purchase additional shares of a company than originally planned. It is also known as an
over-allotment option.
• The company has also rebranded itself as Enlighten Capital Micro VC to mark the
beginning of its growth journey in the expanding startup ecosystem.
• AIF is a privately pooled investment vehicle that collects investment from investors to
invest in alternative asset classes. Unlike traditional investment instruments, AIFs are
designed to meet the needs of High-Net-Worth Individuals (HNIs).
• The minimum investment is Rs. 1 crore for investors, while directors, employees, and fund
managers can invest a minimum of Rs. 25 lakhs.
• AIFs have a minimum lock-in period of three years.

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64. Which company has recently (in December ‘24) launched two new motor insurance add-on
covers ‘Eco Assure – Repair Protection’ and ‘Named Driver Cover’, offering personalised
coverage, enhanced convenience and promoting sustainability?
1) ICICI Prudential Life Insurance Company Limited
2) Max Life Insurance Company Limited
3) Tata AIA Life Insurance Company Limited
4) Bajaj Allianz General Insurance Limited
5) SBI Life Insurance Company Limited
Answer- 4) Bajaj Allianz General Insurance Limited
Explanation:
Bajaj Allianz General Insurance Limited, a leading private general insurer in India launched two
new motor insurance add-on covers ‘Eco Assure – Repair Protection’ and ‘Named Driver Cover’,
offering personalised coverage, enhanced convenience and promoting sustainability.
• The unique offerings are the first of their kind in the insurance industry, launched as motor
insurance continues to be one of the fastest-growing segments in India’s general insurance
market.
• Eco Assure-Repair Protection focuses on eco-friendly vehicle repairs and replacements,
ensuring both sustainability and high-quality service while prioritising customer benefits.
• It is available for private cars up to 12 years old, offering an eco-friendly and affordable
repair option, with policyholders getting a Green Certificate of Acknowledgement(GCA) for
contributing to environmental conservation.
• Other features include coverage for legal costs, personal baggage, and lost keys, all insured
up to Rs. 50,000.
• Named Driver Cover introduces greater flexibility and protection by providing its own
damage coverage based on a named driver.
• It protects the owner-driver when driving another car with a valid Third-Party policy but no
own damage cover, offering coverage up to the sum insured for added security.

65. With which bank M2P Fintech has recently (in December ‘24) partnered to enhance the
prepaid payment ecosystem in India?
1) Bank of India
2) Canara Bank
3) Union Bank of India
4) Indian Overseas Bank
5) State Bank of India
Answer- 5) State Bank of India
Explanation:
Chennai (Tamil Nadu, TN) based M2P Fintech has partnered with Mumbai(Maharashtra) based State
Bank of India(SBI) to enhance the prepaid payment ecosystem in India. This strategic collaboration
aims to leverage M2P Fintech’s advanced technology platform and SBI’s extensive network to create a
seamless and secure payment experience.
• Under this partnership, M2P Fintech will enable SBI to strengthen its prepaid offerings with
advanced features such as real-time tracking, instant card issuance, and enhanced fraud
prevention mechanisms.

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 • The partnership also enhances the capabilities of prepaid payment systems, offering a
smarter alternative to traditional payment methods.
• This collaboration aligns with the goal of digital transformation in India’s payment
infrastructure, contributing to financial inclusion and supporting the government’s push for
a cashless economy.

66. In December 2024, Shriram Finance Limited launched a dedicated business unit, ‘Shriram
Green Finance’ to achieve an Asset Under Management (AUM) of ________________ within the next
three to four years.
1) Rs 5,000 crore
2) Rs 4,500 crore
3) Rs 3,000 crore
4) Rs 2,500 crore
5) Rs 2,000 crore
Answer- 1) Rs 5,000 crore
Explanation:
Chennai (Tamil Nadu, TN) based Shriram Finance Limited, the flagship company of the Shriram
Group, has launched a dedicated business unit, ‘Shriram Green Finance’, to consolidate its green
financing efforts. Based in Bengaluru (Karnataka), this new vertical is focused on providing funding
solutions for sustainable businesses across India.
• The primary goal of Shriram Green Finance is to achieve an Asset Under Management
(AUM) of Rs 5,000 crore within the next three to four years.
• Shriram Green Finance aims to cater to the green financing needs of emerging ventures in
sectors like Electric Vehicles (EV), renewable energy, and energy-efficient solutions.
• Initially, the company will focus on building the EV portfolio in states like Karnataka,
Kerala, the National Capital Region (NCR), and Maharashtra.
• This initiative also helps in funding various green ventures, including EV 2- and 3-wheelers,
battery charging stations and energy-efficient machinery and the company is actively
partnering with Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) to ensure smooth vehicle
financing.

ECONOMY AND BUSINESS

1. Which company has recently (in November ‘24) partnered with Druk Green Power
Corporation Limited (DGPC) to develop 5,000 Megawatt (MW) of clean energy capacity in
Bhutan?
1) Adani Green Energy Limited
2) NTPC Green Energy Limited
3) Tata Power Renewable Energy Limited
4) ReNew Power Private Limited
5) Hindustan Power Projects Private Limited
Answer- 3) Tata Power Renewable Energy Limited

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Explanation:
Tata Power Renewable Energy Limited (TPREL), a subsidiary of Tata Power, has entered a strategic
partnership with Thimphu, Bhutan based Druk Green Power Corporation Limited (DGPC) to develop
5,000 Megawatt (MW) of clean energy capacity, including 4,500 MW of hydropower and 500 MW of
solar power in Bhutan.
• This collaboration aims to harness Bhutan’s significant hydropower potential while
addressing energy demands in both India and Bhutan.
• The hydropower projects include: 1,125 MW Dorjilung HEP (Hydroelectric plant); 740 MW
Gongri Reservoir; 1,800 MW Jeri Pumped Storage and 364 MW Chamkharchhu IV will be
developed in phases.
• The Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was signed in Thimphu, Bhutan between Tata
power and DGPC in the presence of Bhutan’s Prime Minister (PM) Dasho Tshering Tobgay and
India’s Ambassador to Bhutan.

2. According to State Bank of India (SBI)’s Economic Research Department (ERD) report
released in November 2024, India’s GDP is most likely to drop below _______ for the current
Financial Year 2024-25 (FY25).
1) 6.2%
2) 6.3%
3) 6.4%
4) 6.5%
5) 6.6%
Answer- 4) 6.5%
Explanation:
According to State Bank of India (SBI)’s Economic Research Department (ERD) report released on
29th November 2024, India’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is most likely to drop below 6.5% for the
current Financial Year 2024-25 (FY25) as GDP growth in the 2nd Quarter (Q2: July-September) of
FY25 slowed to 5.4%.
• India’s GDP growth plunged below 6.0% in Q2FY25 after 7 quarters is mainly attributed to
sluggish growth in the industry sector which decelerated to 6-quarters low to 3.6% in Q2 of
the current financial year.
• As per the report, India’s real GDP growth in the 1st Half (H1FY25) was at 6.0%, so it has been
projected that India’s GDP growth in H2FY25 will be in the range of 6.5% to 6.8%.
• This slowdown in GDP growth in H1FY25 is mainly due to the slowdown in the manufacturing
sector which significantly impacted the overall economic performance.
• The report highlighted that the incremental growth in the industry sector was just Rs 42,515
crore in Q2FY25 compared to Rs 1.4 lakh crore in Q2 of the previous financial year,
registering a decline of around Rs 1 lakh crore in incremental terms in overall industry.
• The growth in services sector has increased by 7.1% in Q2FY25, slightly higher than 6.0% in
Q2FY24 but almost negligible growth compared to 7.2% growth in preceding quarter of FY25.

3. Morgan Stanley has recently (in November ‘24) lowered its GDP projection for India to 6.3%
for which Financial Year (FY)?
1) FY24
2) FY25

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3) FY27
4) FY28
5) FY29
Answer- 2) FY25
Explanation:
Morgan Stanley, an American multinational investment bank, has lowered its Gross Domestic
Product (GDP) projection for India to 6.3% for the Financial Year 2024-25 (FY25), down from its
previous estimate of 6.7%.
• This downward projection came following India’s GDP slowed to 7-quarter low i.e. to 5.4%
Year-on-Year (Y-o-Y) in 2nd Quarter (Q2: July-September) of FY25.
• This GDP growth in Q2FY25 was below the 6.7% growth registered in the previous quarter of
FY25 and also fell below Morgan Stanley’s projection of 6.3%, as well as the consensus
estimate of 6.5%.
• The report noted that despite private consumption reported growth of 6%, it outpaced capital
expenditure(capex) which has increased only by 5.4%.
• As per Morgan Stanley, the services sector showed resilience as it registered the growth of
7.1%.
• It has also projected that inflation, which remains above 6%, will ease to between 5-5.5%
over the next two months.

4. Which department under the Ministry of Finance has recently (in November ‘24) granted in-
principle approval for the consolidation of IFCI Group?
1) Department of Economic Affairs
2) Department of Expenditure
3) Department of Revenue
4) Department of Public Enterprises
5) Department of Financial Services
Answer- 5) Department of Financial Services
Explanation:
In November 2024, the Department of Financial Services (DFS), under the Ministry of Finance (MoF),
granted in-principle approval for the consolidation of IFCI Group.
• Under the consolidation plan, StockHolding Corporation of India Limited, IFCI Factors Limited,
IFCI Infrastructure Development Ltd and IIDL Realtors Limited will be consolidated
(merged/amalgamated) with IFCI Limited.
• The plan also includes consolidation of StockHolding Services Limited, IFCI Financial Services
Limited, IFIN Commodities Limited and IFIN Credit Limited into a single entity, which will be a
direct subsidiary of the consolidated listed entity.
• Other group entities, including StockHolding Document Management Services, IFIN Securities
Finance, and IFCI Venture Capital Funds, will become direct subsidiaries of the consolidated
listed entity.

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5. According to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)’s
“Economic Outlook December 2024” released in December 2024, India’s growth forecast by 20
basis points (bps) to ______ in Financial Year 2024-25 (FY25).
1) 6.4%
2) 6.5%
3) 6.6%
4) 6.7%
5) 6.8%
Answer- 5) 6.8%
Explanation:
According to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)’s “Economic Outlook
December 2024” released on 4th December 2024. It has raised India’s growth forecast by 20 basis
points (bps) to 6.8% in Financial Year 2024-25 (FY25), from its previous estimate of 6.6% made in May
2024.
• It has cited this projection is based on rapidly increasing public infrastructure spending and
ongoing strong private consumption growth.
• It has also revised India’s real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) projection from 6.8% (projected in
September 2024 economic outlook) to 6.9% for FY26.
• OECD’s report has raised India’s headline inflation from 4.5% (predicted in September 2024) to
4.8% in FY25.
• The economic outlook has estimated that India’s general government deficit, including states, will
fall below 8% of the GDP, supported by additional revenues from efforts to widen the tax base.
• It has retained the Global GDP forecast to 3.2% in 2024 but has increased its global growth
projection for both 2025 and 2026 by 10 bps, from 3.2% (in September 2024) to 3.3%.
• The report has projected that annual consumer price inflation in the Group-20 (G20) countries will
moderate to 3.5% and 2.9% in 2025 and 2026 respectively, from 5.4% in 2024.

6. In November 2024, 9 Indian states with existing or proposed cash transfer programs for
women had a total budget estimate of USD 18 billion for the Financial Year 2024–25 (FY25),
which represents ______ of India's GDP, according to Goldman Sachs Global Research.
1) 0.2%
2) 0.4%
3) 0.5%
4) 0.8%
5) 1.1%
Answer- 3) 0.5%
Explanation:
According to Goldman Sachs Global Research, 9 Indian states which have ongoing or proposed cash
transfer schemes for women, have a combined allocation of USD 18 billion in their budget estimates for
the Financial Year 2024-25 (FY25), accounting for 0.5% of India’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
• The 9 states are: Maharashtra, Karnataka, Assam, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Madhya Pradesh(MP), Tamil
Nadu(TN), West Bengal(WB) and Jharkhand.
• It has been observed that cash transfer schemes have played a pivotal role to attract women voters.
• Maharashtra has topped among all the Indian states in terms of the largest allocation in the
budget for the cash transfer to women, and has allocated a total USD 5.4 billion, constituting 1.1%
of the state’s GDP.

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 • Delhi has allocated USD 0.2 billion in its budget, which is the lowest allocation compared to above
states, and has proposed to provide monthly financial support of Rs 1,000 to women above the age
of 18 years.
• Among all the Indian states, Haryana has proposed the highest monthly financial support to
women i.e. to offer Rs 2,100 per month to women above the age of 18 years, with annual
household income of less than Rs 2 lakh. Click here to read more.

7. Which organisation has recently (in December ‘24) stated that the growth in Assets Under
Management (AUM) of Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) is expected to moderate to
15-17% in Financial Year 2024-25 (FY25) as well as in FY26?
1) CRISIL Ratings Limited
2) Credit Analysis and Research
3) Brickwork Ratings
4) SME Rating Agency
5) India Ratings and Research Private Limited
Answer- 1) CRISIL Ratings Limited
Explanation:
According to the CRISIL Ratings Limited (formerly Credit Rating and Information Services of India
Limited), India’s 1st credit rating agency, the growth in Assets Under Management (AUM) of Non-
Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) is expected to moderate to 15-17% in Financial Year 2024-25
(FY25) as well as in FY26.
• This marks a sharp decline of 600-800 basis points (bps) from a strong growth of 23% in
FY24.
• It is estimated that the growth of AUM will be above the decadal average of about 14% (FY14
to FY24).
• As per the CRISIL Ratings, increasing concerns around household indebtedness and asset
quality risks will have impact on growth strategies in specific retail asset segments such as
microfinance and unsecured loans.
• The AUM growth of NBFCs in the two largest contributors of home loans and vehicle loans,
which together account for nearly 45% of NBFC AUM, will have limited impact as it will be
driven by fundamentals.
• Home Loans will maintain a stable CAGR of 13-14%, which will be mainly driven by policy
initiatives such as the re-introduction of the Interest Subsidy Scheme (ISS), which will provide
impetus.

8. Which among the following is ‘not’ included in the abolition of the Special Additional Excise
Duty (SAED) also known as the Windfall tax by the Government of India in December 2024?
1) Natural Gas
2) Crude Oil
3) Petrol
4) Diesel
5) Aviation Turbine Fuel
Answer- 1) Natural Gas

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Explanation:
On 2 December 2024, the Department of Revenue (DoR), Ministry of Finance (MoF) has notified that
the Government of India (GoI) has withdrawn the Special Additional Excise Duty (SAED), commonly
known as the Windfall tax, thereby eliminating levies on Aviation Turbine Fuel (ATF), crude oil,
petrol, and diesel. This move, effective immediately, aims to enhance profitability in the oil sector,
foster growth in the energy industry, and boost exports.
• Alongside, the Road and Infrastructure Cess (RIC) on petrol and diesel exports has also been
removed.
• The removal of the tax is expected to benefit major industry stakeholders involved in crude oil
production and refinery exports by enhancing refining margins and easing export restrictions.
• The Windfall Tax was introduced in July 2022 to address extraordinary profits earned by oil
companies during a period of soaring global crude oil prices, triggered by the Russia-Ukraine
conflict.
• The tax was intended to stabilize government revenues during the price surge, applying to
both domestically produced crude oil and the export of refined fuels like petrol, diesel, and
ATF.
• Since its implementation, the windfall tax generated significant revenue, including Rs 25,000
crore in its first year, Rs 13,000 crore in 2023-24 and Rs 6,000 crore in 2024, reflecting its
declining effectiveness due to falling oil prices.
• Global oil prices have stabilized, reducing the excess revenue initially targeted by the tax. Click
here to read more.

9. In December 2024, State Bank of India (SBI) released its latest Economic Research
Department (ERD) report stating that India’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth is _______
for the Financial Year 2024-25 (FY25).
1) 6.1%
2) 6.2%
3) 6.3%
4) 6.4%
5) 6.5%
Answer- 3) 6.3%
Explanation:
On December 6 2024, the State Bank of India (SBI), India’s largest Public Sector Bank (PSB) released
its latest Economic Research Department (ERD) report. It has projected India’s Gross Domestic
Product (GDP) growth at 6.3%, lower than the Reserve Bank of India (RBI)’s projection of 6.6% for
the Financial Year 2024-25 (FY25). As per the report, the average growth rate of 1st two quarters of
FY25 is now at 6.05%.
• This projection comes following the RBI sharply downgraded its real GDP growth projection
for FY25 from 7.2% to 6.6% during the 5th bi-monthly Monetary Policy Committee (MPC)
meeting held on 6th December 2024, due to the balanced risks to the economy.
• The decreased GDP prediction emphasized on the need for continued vigilance in
monitoring economic developments.
• The report highlights growing caution in growth forecasts amid global and domestic
economic challenges.

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10. According to the Asian Development Bank’s (ADB) recent (in December ‘24) report “Asian
Development Outlook (ADO) December 2024: Steady Growth Amid a Shifting Global Policy
Landscape”, India's GDP growth forecast for Financial Year 2024-25 (FY25) has been reduced
to _______ from its previous estimate of 7%.
1) 6.8%
2) 6.7%
3) 6.6%
4) 6.5%
5) 6.4%
Answer- 4) 6.5%
Explanation:
On December 11 2024, Manila (The Philippines)-based multilateral bank, Asian Development Bank
(ADB) released its latest “Asian Development Outlook (ADO) December 2024: Steady Growth
Amid a Shifting Global Policy Landscape”. It has lowered India’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
growth projection for Financial Year 2024-25 (FY25) by 50 basis points (bps), to 6.5% from its
previous estimate of 7%.
• This downward projection for FY25 is due to India’s lower-than-expected growth in 2nd
Quarter (Q2: July-September) of FY25, driven by dampened manufacturing performance and
slow government spending.
• The report has also revised India’s GDP forecast for FY26 down to 7% from 7.2% (estimated in
its September edition of ADO), which is mainly attributed to the lower than expected growth in
private investment and housing demand due to tight monetary policy which aimed to combat
inflation.
• The report highlighted that the Indian economy decreased to 7-quarter low to 5.4% in Q2FY25
compared to 6.7% and 8.2% in Q1FY25 and Q1FY24, respectively.
• As per the report, the Developing Asia region is expected to grow at 4.9% in 2024 and 4.8% in
2025, slightly lower than from ADB’s previous estimate of 5.0% and 4.9% in 2024 and 2025,
respectively.
• ADB has decreased its inflation projection for Developing Asia for 2024 and 2025 to 2.7% and
2.6%, respectively, from its earlier estimates of 2.8% and 2.9%, due to decreasing global
commodity prices. Click here to read more.

11. In December 2024, according to S&P Global Ratings report ‘India Outlook for 2025’, India’s
GDP rate will remain unchanged at ______ for Financial Year 2024-25 (FY25).
1) 6.4%
2) 6.5%
3) 6.6%
4) 6.7%
5) 6.8%
Answer- 5) 6.8%
Explanation:
In December 2024, according to S&P Global Ratings (previously known as Standard & Poor’s) report
titled ‘India Outlook for 2025’, India’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) rate will remain unchanged at
6.8% for Financial Year 2024-25 (FY25), amid slow fiscal growth affecting urban demand.
• While, it has raised India’s GDP forecast to 6.9% for FY26. India ‘s GDP grew 8.2% in FY24.

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 • As per the report, India’s GDP growth print for the second Quarter (Q2) of FY25 is 5.4%,
which was weaker than expected.
• As per the report, the Indian economy is poised for resilient growth in 2025 due to the
strong urban consumption, stable growth in the service sector, and ongoing investment in
infrastructure.
• The report has estimated that retail inflation will decrease from 5.4% (in FY24) to 4.5% (in
FY25) and will again increase to 4.6% in FY26.

12. Which car group has recently (in December ‘24) partnered with United Nations Children’s
Fund (UNICEF) to transform the educational landscape for 100,000 children across four states
in India?
1) BMW
2) Tesla
3) Audi
4) Volkswagen
5) Mercedes-Benz
Answer- 1) BMW
Explanation:
In December, 2024, Munich(Germany) based Bayerische Motoren Werke (BMW) Group and New York
(the United States of America, USA) based United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) have collaborated
in India to transform the educational landscape for 100,000 children across four states: Assam,
Jharkhand, Tamil Nadu (TN), and West Bengal (WB).
• The program emphasizes developing foundational learning skills and promoting STEM
(Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) education from early childhood through
adolescence.
• This collaboration is part of a larger global partnership between the BMW Group and UNICEF,
which aims to support over 10 million children annually through education and training in
countries like South Africa (SA), Brazil, Mexico and Thailand.
• In India, they will focus on nurturing foundational literacy and numeracy skills in rural primary
schools to build a solid cognitive foundation for children.
• UNICEF will create specialized training programs for teachers, equipping them with modern
STEM teaching methods.

13. Recently (in December ‘2024) National Apex Chamber, the PHD Chamber of Commerce and
Industry (PHDCCI) released report titled “States’ Performance Indicator Report: Paving India’s
Green Path for Sustainable and Inclusive Development”, during the States’ Policy Conclave held
at Hotel Le Meridien, New Delhi.
Which of the following is/are ‘correct’ according to the report released by PHDCCI?
A) Punjab, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh are top performers in agricultural production,
significantly contributing to the nation’s food security.
B) Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh and Odisha are rich in mineral resources.
C) Industrial and Technological advancements: Maharashtra, Gujarat, and Karnataka lead in
industrial and technological advancements.
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C

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3) Only C
4) Only B & C
5) All A, B & C
Answer: 5) All A, B & C
Explanation:
On December 11, 2024, New Delhi-based National Apex Chamber, the PHD Chamber of Commerce and
Industry (PHDCCI) unveiled an analytical report titled “States’ Performance Indicator Report: Paving
India’s Green Path for Sustainable and Inclusive Development”, during the States’ Policy Conclave held
at Hotel Le Meridian, New Delhi.
i.The report highlighted that India’s states have shown strong economic recovery post-COVID-19, with
25 states achieving more than 7% growth in Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) during FY22 and
FY23, among them 17 states achieved more than 9% growth rate.
ii.Gujarat, Kerala, Telangana, Rajasthan, West Bengal, Bihar, Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, and
Odisha have stood out for their strong economic performance during 2021-22 and 2022-23.
The top-performed states in GSDP growth during FY22 and FY23, based on key indicators:
i. Agriculture production: Punjab, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh are top performers in agricultural
production, significantly contributing to the nation’s food security.
ii.Mineral resources: Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh and Odisha are rich in mineral resources.
iii. Industrial and Technological advancements: Maharashtra, Gujarat, and Karnataka lead in industrial
and technological advancements. Click here to read more

14. “Fitch Ratings Inc.” has recently (in December 2024) revised India’s Gross Domestic
Product (GDP) growth forecast for the fiscal year 2024-25 (FY25), lowering it to ________ from
the previous estimate of 7%?
1) 6.8%
2) 7.2%
3) 6.4%
4) 6.0%
5) 6.6%
Answer: 3) 6.4%
Explanation:
The United States of America (USA)-based credit rating agency, Fitch Ratings Inc has lowered India’s
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth forecast by 60 basis points (bps), to 6.4% for Fiscal year 2024-
25(FY25) from its previous estimate of 7%.
i.It has also raised India’s GDP forecast for FY26 to 6.5%. Both these projections are lower than India’s
GDP growth rate of 8.2% registered in FY24.
ii.The agency highlighted that India’s GDP growth decreased to 7-quarters low i.e. to 5.4% in 2nd
Quarter (Q2: July-September) of FY25. This slowdown was mainly driven by weakened urban middle-
class consumption.
iii.RBI has downgraded India’s real GDP growth projection for FY25 from 7.2% to 6.6% during the 5th
bi-monthly Monetary Policy Committee (MPC)
iv.S&P Global Ratings (previously known as Standard & Poor’s) has projected India’s GDP growth rate
at 6.8% for FY25, amid slow fiscal growth affecting urban demand.
v.The Economic Survey released in February 2024, had projected India’s GDP growth between 6.5%

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and 7% for FY25.

15. Which company has recently (in December ‘24) extended its partnership with Telenor
Denmark (TnDK), a leading mobile operator in Denmark, for another five years to enhance
Information Technology (IT) systems?
1) Infosys
2) Wipro
3) Tata Consultancy Services (TCS)
4) HCL Technologies
5) Tech Mahindra
Answer: 3) Tata Consultancy Services (TCS)
Explanation:
In December 2024, Mumbai (Maharashtra)-based Tata Consultancy Services Limited (TCS) has
extended its partnership with Telenor Denmark (TnDK), a leading mobile operator in Denmark, for
another five years.
i.Under this renewed collaboration, TCS will continue to manage TnDK’s Information Technology (IT)
infrastructure from its European delivery center.
ii.The renewed partnership will focus on leveraging advanced automation technologies to reduce
operational costs and further enhance the IT systems.
iii.A key goal is to ensure smooth business continuity, guaranteeing no disruption to operations. TCS
will also work to improve digital assets and optimize user experiences through its deep expertise in
managing TnDK’s infrastructure.
iv.Over the past six years, TCS has used its advanced Machine First Delivery Model (MFDM) to
modernize the infrastructure that supports over 1.6 million subscribers.

16. Which company has recently (in November ‘24) collaborated with Amazon Finance India
Private Limited to create innovative credit solutions for customers and merchants by offering
loan products through Amazon’s application and website?
1) L&T Finance Limited
2) Reliance Capital Limited
3) Tata Capital Limited
4) Edelweiss Financial Services Limited
5) Mahindra & Mahindra Financial Services Limited
Answer- 1) L&T Finance Limited
Explanation:
In November 2024, Mumbai (Maharashtra) based L&T Finance Limited (LTF), formerly known as L&T
Finance Holdings Ltd., a Non-Banking Financial Company (NBFC) collaborated with
Bengaluru(Karnataka)-based Amazon Finance India Private Limited to create innovative credit
solutions to improve affordability for Amazon’s eligible customers and merchants by offering loan
products through Amazon’s application (app) and website.
• The partnership was unveiled at ‘RAISE 2024,’ India’s leading Artificial Intelligence (AI)-
focused event in the Banking, Financial Services, and Insurance (BFSI) sector, hosted by LTF
in Mumbai, Maharashtra.
• The collaboration will enhance L&T Finance’s product diversification strategy and increase
credit availability for consumers. L&T Finance provides a range of products, including

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 personal loans, Small and Medium Enterprise(SME) loans, two-wheeler loans, housing
finance, and more.

17. CareEdge Ratings has recently (in December ‘24) revised its Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
projection for India for Financial Year 2024-25 (FY25) to ________ from its previous estimate of
6.8%.
1) 6.2%
2) 6.5%
3) 6.7%
4) 7.2%
5) 7.5%
Answer- 2) 6.5%
Explanation:
December 2024, CareEdge Ratings, a subsidiary of Care Ratings Limited, has revised down its Gross
Domestic Product (GDP) projection for India to 6.5% for Financial Year 2024-25 (FY25), from its
previous estimate of 6.8%. It has also projected that India’s GDP will grow at 6.7% in FY26.
i.It has estimated that the Indian economy will rebound in the 2nd Half (H2: October to March) of
FY25, mainly driven by a recovery in consumption and an uptick in government capital expenditure.
ii.It has projected the nominal GDP will be lower at 9.9% against the budgeted estimate of 10.5% for
FY25.
iii.It has estimated that Inflation will be moderate, with Consumer Price Index (CPI) inflation
projected at 4.8% and 4.5% for FY25 and FY26, respectively.
iv.It has projected that Wholesale Price Index (WPI) inflation will be at average of 2.5% in FY25 and
3% in FY26.
v.The credit rating agency has projected that the fiscal deficit of the central government will be 4.8%
of GDP for FY25, marginally lower than the budgeted estimate of 4.9%.
vi.It has estimated that Current Account Deficit (CAD) will remain manageable at 0.9% of GDP for
FY25, demonstrating resilience in the external sector.

18. What is the total gross Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflow into India since April 2000,
as per the data released by the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade
(DPIIT) in December 2024?
1) USD 800 billion
2) USD 1.5 trillion
3) USD 1 trillion
4) USD 900 billion
5) USD 1.3 trillion
Answer- 3) USD 1 trillion
Explanation:
As per data released by Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) in
December 2024, India reached a significant economic milestone with gross Foreign Direct Investment
(FDI) inflows totaling USD 1 trillion since April 2000.
• In the first half of the current Financial Year 2024-25 (FY25), FDI increased by about 26% to
USD 42.1 billion.

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 • FDI inflows totaled USD 709.84 billion over the last ten years (April 2014 to September 2024),
which represents 68.69% of all FDI inflows over the past 24 years.
• The government’s flagship initiative, “Make in India,” along with liberalized sectoral policies
and the Goods and Services Tax (GST) has strengthened investments in India.
i.Mauritius topped FDI inflows at 25%, followed by Singapore in second place with 24%. The US
ranked third at 10%, while the Netherlands (7%), Japan (6%), and the UK (5%) also made significant
contributions.
India rose to 39th in the World Competitive Index 2024, improving from 43rd in 2021.
• In the Global Innovation Index 2024, India ranked 39th out of 132 economies.
ii.India was the 3rd largest recipient of greenfield projects, with 1,008 announcements, according
to the World Investment Report 2023.

19. Which company's Board of Directors recently (in December ‘24) approved the
incorporation of a healthcare subsidiary to provide healthcare and allied services?
1) Tata Consultancy Services
2) PB Fintech
3) Infosys
4) ICICI Lombard
5) Wipro
Answer- 2) PB Fintech
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Board of Directors of PB Fintech, the parent company of Policybazaar,
approved the incorporation of a healthcare subsidiary that would provide healthcare and allied
services. The entity will obtain the necessary approvals when needed.
i.On December 3, 2024, a circular resolution was passed proposing the formation of a wholly owned
subsidiary (“WOS”) to be named ‘PB Healthcare Private Limited,’ or ‘PB Healthcare Services
Private Limited, ‘or any other name approved by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs, Government of
India (GoI).
ii.Chairman and Group CEO of PB Fintech is Yashish Dahiya.
iii.The subsidiary will focus on healthcare and allied services, with an authorized share capital of Rs 5
lakh. The new entity will become a linked party upon formation.
iv.In the July–September quarter of FY25, the company claimed a net profit of Rs 51 crore, while in the
same period last year, it reported a net loss of Rs 21.11 crore.
v.The new health and life insurance business grew by 69% year over year (Y-o-Y) during the quarter,
contributing to the company’s total insurance premium of Rs 5450 crore.

20. In December 2024, Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) Limited, an Information Technology
(IT) services provider based in Mumbai, Maharashtra, collaborated with Landis+Gyr, an energy
management company based in ______________________, to offer innovative solutions that help
utilities improve energy efficiency.
1) Paris, France
2) Lisbon, Portugal
3) Sydney, Australia
4) Cham, Switzerland
5) London, the United Kingdom

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Answer- 4) Cham, Switzerland
Explanation:
In December 2024, Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) Limited, an Information Technology (IT) services
provider based in Mumbai, Maharashtra, collaborated with Landis+Gyr, an energy management
company based in Cham, Switzerland, to offer innovative solutions that help utilities improve energy
efficiency.
• Landis+Gyr and TCS are teaming up to provide end-to-end solutions, including energy
optimization, demand response, and smart Electric Vehicle (EV) charging, helping utilities
reduce emissions, improve efficiency, and integrate renewable energy (RE).
• The partnership will support utilities in meeting new Swiss regulations, which require large
companies to report their climate impact, including Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emissions.
• In the coming three years, TCS will merge its advanced energy and emission management
system, TCS Clever Energy™, with Landis+Gyr’s smart metering and grid management
technologies. This collaboration will provide a complete solution for utilities to manage their
clients’ complex energy demands.

21. Which bank has recently (in December ‘24) partnered with Tata Consultancy Services (TCS)
to modernize the bank’s digital core for enhanced customer service?
1) World Bank
2) Bank of Namibia
3) Standard Chartered
4) Bank of Bhutan
5) Deutsche Bank
Answer- 4) Bank of Bhutan
Explanation:
Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) made a strategic partnership with the Bank of Bhutan, the largest
commercial bank in Bhutan, to modernize the bank’s digital core for enhanced customer service.
• TCS will implement its TCS BaNCS Global Banking Platform to help the bank optimize
operations and provide various public services within the digital ecosystem of the country.
• The platform will provide the bank with access to a wide range of components across the
banking and payments sector, including customer deposits, loan management, retail
services, trade finance, pricing, and more.
• TCS has been a technology partner for the Bank of Bhutan, since 2016.

22. In December 2024, the Finance Minister of Uttar Pradesh (UP) Suresh Kumar Khanna
presented a second supplementary budget of ________________ for the Financial Year 2024-25
(FY25).
1) Rs 17,865.72 crore
2) Rs 16,258.63 crore
3) Rs 15,981.36 crore
4) Rs 14,364.19 crore
5) Rs 13,458.95 crore
Answer- 1) Rs 17,865.72 crore

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Explanation:
In December 2024, the Finance Minister of Uttar Pradesh (UP) Suresh Kumar Khanna presented a
second supplementary budget of Rs 17,865.72 crore for the Financial Year 2024-25 (FY25) in the
winter session of the state legislative assembly in Lucknow, UP. This budget amount is 2.42% of the
original budget (Rs 7.36 lakh crore) presented in February 2024.
• In July 2024, the state government of UP presented the 1st supplementary budget of Rs
12,209.93 crore, and now with the 2nd addition, the total budget size for FY25 will amount to
Rs 7,66,513.36 crore.
• The second supplementary budget includes various new proposals worth Rs 790.49 crore, of
which Rs 422.56 crore will be received from the centre government as its share under various
central schemes. It also includes a contingency fund of Rs 30.48 crore.
• Rs 8,587.27 crore has been allocated for the energy department to enhance the state’s energy
resources and infrastructure.
• Rs 2,438.63 crore budgeted for the finance department and Rs 1,592.28 crore allocated for
the family welfare department.
• Rs 1,001 crore has been allocated for the Animal Husbandry sector and Rs 805 crore for the
Public Works Department (PWD).
• Total Rs 515 crore budgeted for primary education, including Rs 400 crore for education for
all. Rs 20 crore has been sanctioned for secret expenditure to the UP Board of Secondary
Education to ensure standard of high school and intermediate examination papers.
• Total Rs 5 crore has been sanctioned for expenditure under secret services head for
Mahakumbh, Rs 20 crore for organising various cultural programmes in the state, Rs 50 lakh to
set exhibition hanger at Mahakumbh, among others.
• Additional Rs 10 crore for setting up a Zoo at Gorakhpur and Rs 30 crore for afforestation
initiatives. Click here to read more.

23. In December 2024, Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited (HPCL) signed an agreement
with National Industrial Corridor Development Corporation Limited (NICDC) Logistics Data
Services Limited (NLDS) to integrate its Application Programming Interface (API) with
________________.
1) National Logistics Portal
2) Global Logistics Data System
3) Smart Logistics Integration Platform
4) Unified Logistics Interface Platform
5) Logistics Operations and Tracking System
Answer- 4) Unified Logistics Interface Platform
Explanation:
In December 2024, Mumbai(Maharashtra) based Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited(HPCL)
has signed an agreement with New Delhi(Delhi) based National Industrial Corridor Development
Corporation Limited (NICDC) Logistics Data Services Limited(NLDS) to integrate its Application
Programming Interface (API) with Unified Logistics Interface Platform (ULIP)
• The collaboration marks a crucial advancement in promoting transparency, improving
operational efficiency, and fostering innovation within India’s logistics sector.
• It aims to build a smarter logistics system by offering real-time data and easy access to
resources, helping stakeholders innovate and improve efficiency in India’s supply chain.

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 • The HPCL API on ULIP offers real-time details on fuel station locations and prices across India,
aiding logistics providers, traders, and transporters in planning efficiently, reducing costs, and
supporting ULIP’s mission to streamline and digitize India’s supply chain.
• NLDS is a joint venture between the Government of India (GoI) represented by NICDIT and
Japanese Information technology(IT) major Nippon Electric Company Limited (NEC)
Corporation, with 50:50 equity participation.

24. In December 2024, India Ratings and Research (Ind-Ra) released its ‘FY2026 Macro
Economic Outlook’. It projected the Indian economy to grow at _________ in FY26.
1) 6.4%
2) 6.6%
3) 6.7%
4) 6.9%
5) 6.2%
Answer- 2) 6.6%
Explanation:
In December 2024, India Ratings and Research (Ind-Ra) released its ‘FY2026 Macro Economic
Outlook’. It projected the Indian economy to grow at 6.6% in the Financial Year 2025-26(FY26) from
6.4% in FY24.
• After a slowdown in the last three quarters, the economy is expected to recover in the 3rd
Quarter (Q3) of FY25, with growth impacted by the lasting effects of COVID-19 and a strong
base effect until FY24.
• Capital formation is forecasted to increase by 7.2% in FY26 as both the government and
private sectors are expected to contribute towards the Gross Fixed Capital Formation
(GFCF) growth in FY26.
• Retail inflation is projected to average 4.4% in FY26, down from the anticipated 4.9% in
FY25. The decision on policy rate cuts will be guided by data from the FY26 Union Budget,
inflation patterns, and changing economic conditions.
• Ind-Ra forecasts a merchandise trade deficit of USD 308 billion (Rs. 26,15,536 crore) in
FY26, compared to USD 277.4 billion (Rs. 23,55,681 crore) in FY25 and USD 244.9 billion
(Rs. 20,79,691 crore) in FY24.

25. Which company has recently (in December ‘24) become the first Banking, Financial
Services, and Insurance (BFSI) company to offer all three core financial services on the Open
Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC) platform?
1) Edelweiss Financial Services Limited
2) Aditya Birla Capital Limited
3) Jio Financial Services Limited
4) Bajaj Finserv Limited
5) Axis Capital Limited
Answer- 2) Aditya Birla Capital Limited
Explanation:
Mumbai(Maharashtra) based Aditya Birla Capital Limited(ABCL) has become the first Banking,
Financial Services, and Insurance(BFSI) company to offer all three core financial services lending,

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insurance, and Mutual Fund(MF) investments on the Open Network for Digital Commerce (ONDC)
platform.
• This action aims to promote financial inclusion nationwide and offer more access to
financial products, especially in underserved markets.
• The ONDC network will now enable a number of live buyer applications(apps) to provide
their customers with MF, health insurance, and personal loans from ABCL.
• Aditya Birla Finance Limited (ABFL) was an early adopter of credit integration during
ONDC’s pilot phase, while Aditya Birla Health Insurance Company Limited (ABHICL) and
Aditya Birla Sun Life Asset Management Company(ABSLAMC) were among the first to offer
health insurance and MFs on the platform.

MoU’s AND AGREEMENTS

1. Which company has recently (in November ‘24) partnered with ONGC Green Limited (OGL), a
subsidiary of Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC), to establish ONGC Green Private
Limited (ONGPL)?
1) Tata Power Limited
2) ReNew Power Private Limited
3) Adani Green Energy Limited
4) Suzlon Energy Limited
5) NTPC Green Energy Limited
Answer- 5) NTPC Green Energy Limited
Explanation:
In November 2024, NTPC Green Energy Limited (NGEL), a wholly-owned subsidiary of NTPC Limited,
has partnered with ONGC Green Limited (OGL), a subsidiary of Oil and Natural Gas Corporation
Limited(ONGC), to establish ONGC NTPC Green Private Limited (ONGPL).
• This 50:50 Joint Venture (JV) aims to accelerate the development of Renewable Energy
(RE) projects.
• ONGPL will focus on Greenfield RE projects, asset acquisitions, and feasibility studies for
offshore wind energy.
• ONGPL will venture into various renewable energy and new energy opportunities including
solar and wind energy, both onshore and offshore, and green molecules such as green
hydrogen, green ammonia, sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), and green methanol.
• It also plans to explore storage solutions, e-mobility initiatives, and Environmental and
Social Governance(ESG)-compliant projects.

2. Which country has recently (in November ‘24) signed the Final Act of the Riyadh Design Law
Treaty (DLT)?
1) Australia
2) Canada
3) Russia
4) China
5) India
Answer- 5) India

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Explanation:
India has signed the Final Act of the Riyadh Design Law Treaty (DLT), marking a significant
milestone after nearly two decades of negotiations.
• This treaty, adopted by the member states of the World Intellectual Property
Organization (WIPO), aims to harmonize and simplify the registration processes for
industrial designs across various jurisdictions.
• Riyadh, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, hosted the Diplomatic Conference to Conclude and
Adopted the Design Law Treaty, from November 11 to 22, 2024.
• Focusing on Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs), startups, and independent
designers, aligning with initiatives like India’s Startup India program and Startups
Intellectual Property Protection (SIPP) scheme.

3. Which organisation has recently (in November ‘24) signed an agreement with India’s
Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) to implement solar energy projects in Fiji, Comoros,
Madagascar, and Seychelles?
1) International Solar Alliance
2) Solar Energy Corporation of India Limited
3) Tata Power Solar Systems Limited
4) National Institute of Solar Energy
5) International Solar Energy Society
Answer- 1) International Solar Alliance
Explanation:
On November 26, 2024 an agreement was signed between India’s Ministry of External Affairs (MEA)
and the International Solar Alliance (ISA), to implement solar energy projects in Fiji, Comoros,
Madagascar, and Seychelles.
• The initiative aims to enhance energy access and reliability in these nations by introducing
solar-powered solutions.
• Under this partnership, the ISA will serve as the Project Implementing Agency, with India
contributing USD 2 million towards the project.
• The Wilmington Declaration, issued at the Quad Leaders’ Summit in Delaware, emphasized
collaboration among Quad countries (India, USA, Japan, and Australia) to support clean
energy supply chains. This commitment was reiterated during the Quad Leaders Summit in
September 2024, where clean energy investments were prioritized.
• This initiative underscores India’s dedication to driving clean energy transitions and
fostering sustainable development in the Indo-Pacific.

4. Which organisation has recently (in November ‘24) signed an MoU with the Confederation of
Real Estate Developers Associations of India (CREDAI) to enhance quality standards?
1) Atomic Energy Regulatory Board
2) Central Pollution Control Board
3) National Research Development Corporation
4) Bureau of Indian Standards
5) National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories
Answer- 5) National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories

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Explanation:
The National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL), under the Quality
Council of India (QCI), signed a significant Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the
Confederation of Real Estate Developers Associations of India (CREDAI) to enhance quality standards
in temporary site testing laboratories.
• The MoU was formalized during CREDAI’s Silver Jubilee celebration on November 25,
2024, in New Delhi, in the presence of Union Minister of Commerce and Industry, Piyush
Goyal.
• This collaboration aims to recognize temporary site testing laboratories for civil
engineering projects, ensuring accurate testing of construction materials like aggregates
and concrete cubes directly at project sites.
• Temporary site testing laboratories play a vital role in civil engineering projects exceeding
50,000 square feet (sq. ft.), providing on site testing for quality assurance(QA).
• NABL’s recognition scheme ensures these labs meet demanding standards, strengthening
trust in their test results and promoting excellence in construction practices.

5. Which country and India has recently (in November ‘24) signed a Statement of Intent (SoI) to
collaborate on Design & Development of Electric Propulsion Systems for the Indian Navy (IN)?
1) Gambia
2) Russia
3) Australia
4) United Kingdom
5) United States of America
Answer- 4) United Kingdom
Explanation:
India and the United Kingdom (UK) signed a Statement of Intent (SoI) to collaborate on Design &
Development of Electric Propulsion Systems for the Indian Navy(IN).
• The signing was part of the third Joint Working Group on Electric Propulsion Capability
Partnership (JWG EPCP) meeting, symbolising the commitment to promote indigenous
development of niche technologies.
• The SoI would serve as a broader framework intended for cooperation in the co-design, co-
creation and co-production of Electric Propulsion capability for future Naval Ships.
• The deal also paves the way for Rolls-Royce MT-30 gas turbines to be used in Indian warships
which are already in use by the UK’s HMS Queen Elizabeth and HMS Prince of Wales, known
for their power and efficiency.
• The Landing Platform Docks (LPDs) was the first project, planned to be built at an Indian
Shipyard, envisaged to have a Full Electric Propulsion System.

6. With which organisation the Ministry of Defence (MoD) has recently (in November ‘24)
signed an agreement for the Short Refit and Dry Docking (SRDD) of Indian Naval Ship (INS)
Vikramaditya?
1) Hindustan Shipyard Limited
2) Cochin Shipyard Limited
3) Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers
4) Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited

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5) Reliance Naval and Engineering Limited
Answer- 2) Cochin Shipyard Limited
Explanation:
On 30 November 2024, the Ministry of Defence (MoD) signed an agreement with Kochi(Kerala) based
Cochin Shipyard Limited (CSL) for the Short Refit and Dry Docking (SRDD) of Indian Naval Ship (INS)
Vikramaditya, the flagship aircraft carrier of the Indian Navy (IN).
• The contract, valued at Rs 1207.5 crore, is set to last for 5 months and marks a significant step in
enhancing India’s naval capabilities.
• This effort aligns with the Government of India (GoI)’s Atmanirbhar Bharat (Self-Reliant India)
and Make in India missions, significantly boosting domestic manufacturing capabilities and
promoting self-reliance in the maritime sector.
• INS Vikramaditya, a 45,000-tonne aircraft carrier, is originally a Kiev-class aircraft carrier
acquired from Russia. It is named after the legendary Indian emperor Vikramaditya.
• These upgrades will boost the carrier’s operational readiness and ability to respond to evolving
maritime challenges.

7. Which organisation has recently (in November ‘24) signed an MoU with Armed Forces
Medical Services (AFMS) marking a significant step towards advancing multidisciplinary
research and education?
1) Medical Council of India
2) Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
3) National Centre for Biological Sciences
4) World Health Organisation
5) All India Institute of Medical Sciences
Answer- 5) All India Institute of Medical Sciences
Explanation:
In November 2024, the Armed Forces Medical Services (AFMS) and the All India Institute of Medical
Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi (Delhi) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) marking a significant
step towards advancing multidisciplinary research and education.
• The collaboration aims to address critical scientific and technological challenges in the fields of
high-altitude, aerospace (aviation), and marine medicine.
• Under this MoU on ‘High Altitude, Aerospace (Aviation), and Marine Medicine,’ the two
organisations announced the first scientific ‘Continuing Medical Education’ (CME).
• This is the first scientific CME being held under the MoU on ‘High Altitude, Aerospace (Aviation),
and Marine Medicine’ at JLN Auditorium AIIMS in New Delhi.

8. Which department has recently (in November ‘24) signed a two year Memorandum of
Understanding (MoU) with WinZO Games Private Limited to bolster India’s interactive
entertainment sector?
1) Department of Commerce
2) Department of Economic Affairs
3) Department of Public Enterprises
4) Department of Science and Technology
5) Department for Promotion of Industry & Internal Trade
Answer- 5) Department for Promotion of Industry & Internal Trade

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Explanation:
In November 2024, the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT), Ministry of
Commerce and Industry(MoC&I) signed a two year Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with New
Delhi(Delhi) based WinZO Games Private Limited (formerly Tictok Skill Games Private Limited),
India’s largest social gaming platform to bolster the country’s interactive entertainment sector.
• This collaboration aims to support over 2,000 startups, innovators and students through
mentorship, industry insights and global opportunities.
• The key goals include creating a skilled workforce, fostering innovation and scaling startups
to compete globally.
• Under this partnership, the Center of Excellence (CoE) will be established by WinZO, in
collaboration with DPIIT.
• The CoE will focus on training a skilled workforce, developing monetization strategies for
Indian gaming assets, creating high-quality “Made in India” intellectual property, and
attracting foreign direct investment (FDI).

9. Which company has recently (in December ‘24) signed a Memorandum of Understanding
(MoU) with the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade to enhance the
growth of tech startups across India?
1) Amazon
2) Flipkart
3) Walmart
4) Snapdeal
5) Zepto
Answer- 2) Flipkart
Explanation:
On December 09 2024, the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT),
Ministry of Commerce and Industry (MOC&I) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with
New Delhi (Delhi) based Flipkart Private Limited, India’s homegrown e-commerce market, to
enhance the growth of tech startups across India.
• This partnership is an extension of Flipkart’s Leap and Ventures initiative, which includes a
USD 100 million venture fund.
• The partnership will provide startups with access to critical industry reports, government
research and fast tracked patent applications, enabling them to seize timely opportunities.

10. Which organisation has recently (in December ‘24) signed a Memorandum of
Understanding (MoU) with the United States Agency for International Development to enhance
grid interconnections and promote sustainable energy systems?
1) National Institute of Solar Energy
2) JSW Energy Limited
3) Tata Power Renewable Energy Limited
4) Solar Energy Corporation of India
5) International Solar Alliance
Answer- 5) International Solar Alliance

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Explanation:
On December 9 2024, Gurugram (Haryana) based International Solar Alliance (ISA) and the United
States Agency for International Development (USAID) signed a Memorandum of Understanding
(MoU) to enhance grid interconnections and promote sustainable energy systems.
• The collaboration aims to expand the adoption of renewable energy, improve cross border
energy connectivity and develop unified grids to facilitate large scale clean power transfer.
• The partnership expands renewable energy transmission networks in regions such as South
Asia, the Persian Gulf, Southeast Asia, and Africa. USAID will leverage its technical expertise
and innovative financing to support ISA’s objectives.
• This partnership aligns with ISA’s One Sun, One World, One Grid (OSOWOG) programme,
which seeks to promote cross border energy trade and ensure reliable, affordable access to
renewable energy, driving global progress toward a sustainable energy future.

11. The Union Cabinet chaired by Prime Minister(PM) Narendra Modi approved a
Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between the Geological Survey of India (GSI) and
___________________.
1) National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology
2) Institute for Environmental Protection and Research
3) Institute of Geophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences
4) United Nations Environment Programme
5) Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection
Answer- 5) Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection
Explanation:
On December 6 2024, the Union Cabinet, chaired by Prime Minister(PM) Narendra Modi approved a
Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between Kolkata (West Bengal, WB) based Geological Survey
of India (GSI) and Italy’s Research Institute for Geo-Hydrological Protection (CNR-IRPI).
• This collaboration aims to enhance landslide forecasting and early warning capabilities in
India, focusing on reducing risks in vulnerable hilly regions.
• GSI has established the National Landslide Forecasting (NLFC) facility at GSI, Kolkata to
develop and operationalize the regional LEWS in all the landslide prone States/ Union
Territories(UTs) in India within a planned timeline to reduce landslide risks in India.
• NLFC provides live forecast reporting on a daily basis in Kalimpong & Darjeeling districts of
WB and Nilgiri district of Tamil Nadu(TN).
• This collaboration will help integrate GSI’s landslide inventory, susceptibility, and forecast
maps with PM Gati Shakti, enhancing resilience and reducing vulnerability in fragile hilly
terrains.

12. Which organisation has recently (in December ‘24) signed a Memorandum of
Understanding (MoU) with Dalit Indian Chamber of Commerce and Industry to promote
entrepreneurship among marginalized communities?
1) Confederation of Indian Industry
2) National Skill Development Corporation
3) National Minorities Development and Finance Corporation
4) National Commission for Minority Educational Institutions
5) Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency

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Answer- 3) National Minorities Development and Finance Corporation
Explanation:
National Minorities Development and Finance Corporation (NMDFC) under the Ministry of
Minority Affairs (MoMA) and Dalit Indian Chamber of Commerce and Industry (DICCI) have signed
a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to promote entrepreneurship among marginalized
communities at the Nalanda Hall of the Dr. Ambedkar International Centre in New Delhi, Delhi.
• The partnership is an important step towards achieving an ‘Atmanirbhar Bharat’ by
encouraging entrepreneurship, empowering individuals to become job creators and role
models, and driving inclusive growth and self-reliance across India.
• Both organizations aim to Create Awareness, Provide Credit Support, Provide Advocacy, and
Inspire Youth.

13. Which country has recently (in December ‘24) signed a Memorandum of Understanding
(MoU) with India to implement Quick Impact Projects (QIPs) aimed at enhancing its socio-
economic infrastructure?
1) Morocco
2) Nicaragua
3) Spain
4) Colombia
5) Nigeria
Answer- 2) Nicaragua
Explanation:
On December 11 2024, the Government of India (GoI) and the Government of Nicaragua (GoN) signed
a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to implement Quick Impact Projects (QIPs) aimed at
enhancing the socio-economic infrastructure of Nicaragua.
• The primary aim of this partnership is to strengthen bilateral relations between India and
Nicaragua, which have been cooperative since the establishment of diplomatic ties in March
1983.
• The MoU aims to provide immediate and tangible benefits to local communities in Nicaragua
by focusing on key areas such as physical infrastructure, including roads and community
centers, as well as social infrastructure in education, healthcare and sanitation.
• The GoI will extend grant assistance for each QIP ensuring that these projects deliver visible
improvements on the ground.
• Through this initiative, India is actively contributing to global development by prioritizing
impactful, time-sensitive projects that address the local needs of Nicaragua.

14. Which company has recently (in December ‘24) signed a 5-year strategic partnership with
Karman Drones Private Limited (KDPL) to develop Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) solutions
in various categories?
1) Troop Comforts Limited
2) India Optel Limited
3) Gliders India Limited
4) Armoured Vehicles Nigam Limited
5) Advanced Weapons and Equipment India Limited
Answer- 1) Troop Comforts Limited

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Explanation:
In December 2024, Noida (Uttar Pradesh, UP) based Karman Drones Private Limited(KDPL) has
signed a 5-year strategic partnership with Kanpur (UP) based Troop Comforts Limited(TCL), Defence
Public Sector Undertaking (DPSU) under the Ministry of Defence (MoD), to develop Unmanned Aerial
Vehicle (UAV) solutions in various categories.
• The agreement aims to combine the strengths of both organizations to create Unmanned Aerial
Systems(UAS) and UAV solutions in Indian defence forces, paramilitary units, police,
government agencies and the civilian sector.
• The partnership supports India’s “Make in India” initiative by encouraging self-sufficiency in
defence production and lowering reliance on foreign imports.

15. In December 2024, Common Services Centres(CSC) e-Governance Services India Limited
signed an MoU with the Confederation of All India Traders (CAIT) to enroll traders and citizens
in _______________________.
1) Housing Schemes
2) Government Welfare Schemes
3) Financial Inclusion Schemes
4) Social Security Schemes
5) Health Insurance Schemes
Answer- 4) Social Security Schemes
Explanation:
In December 2024, Common Services Centres(CSC) e-Governance Services India Limited, operating
under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY), signed a Memorandum of
Understanding (MoU) with the Confederation of All India Traders (CAIT), a traders’ body based in
New Delhi(Delhi) at the Constitution Club of India (CCI), New Delhi.
• This partnership aims to enroll traders and citizens into various government Social Security
Schemes(SSSs) by organizing dedicated camps.
• The collaboration will help empower traders and citizens across India by facilitating their
registration in key social security programs, including: National Pension System (NPS),
Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Maan-dhan Yojana (PM-SYM), Atal Pension Yojana (APY), Pradhan
Mantri Street Vendor’s AtmaNirbhar Nidhi Scheme (PM SVANidhi), DigiPay Sakhi and Pradhan
Mantri (PM) Vishwakarma Yojana.
• CSC SPV will work alongside CAIT to set up camps, directly connecting traders and the public
with these schemes.

16. In December 2024, which state Tourism Corporation has signed a Memorandum of
Understanding (MoU) with a Bihar-based BodhiGaya Vijjalaya 980 Institute to conserve and
promote Buddhist heritage sites in its state?
1) Bihar
2) Assam
3) Haryana
4) Gujarat
5) Uttar Pradesh
Answer- 4) Gujarat

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Explanation:
In December 2024, the Tourism Corporation of Gujarat Limited (TCGL) has signed a memorandum of
understanding (MoU) with a Bihar-based BodhiGaya Vijjalaya 980 Institute to conserve and
promote Buddhist heritage sites in the state.
• The MoU was signed in the presence of the Chief Minister (CM) of Gujarat Bhupendra Patel
and the 4th Mekong Ganga Dhamma Yatra delegation members in Gandhinagar, Gujarat.
• The MoU has been signed for cooperation in the conservation and development of Buddhist
tangible and intangible heritage in Gujarat and for global promotion of places of Buddhist
circuit in the state.
• The 4th Mekong Ganga Dhamma Yatra began in Bangkok, Thailand, and its delegation visited
different places in India from 2-10 December 2024.
• In December 2024, the CM of Gujarat Bhupendra Patel launched three booklets titled ‘Seva
Sankalp Nu Ek Varsh’, highlighting the state government’s achievements under the
Department of Water Resources, Water Supply, and Food & Civil Supply (DoWR, WS & FCS).
• The booklet showcases detailed information on various public welfare schemes implemented
in the past year under the leadership of Minister Kunvarji Bavaliya, MoWR, WS, and FCS.
• It highlights the ‘Saune Anna, Saune Poshan’ scheme, along with the achievements of other
initiatives such as the Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana (PM-GKAY) and Pradhan
Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY).

17. With which company the Ministry of Defence (MoD) has recently (in December ‘24) signed
a contract worth Rs 13,500 crore for the procurement of 12 indigenous Sukhoi Su-30MKI
fighter jets for the Indian Air Force(IAF)?
1) BrahMos Aerospace
2) Garuda Aerospace Private Limited
3) Flying Wedge Defence and Aerospace
4) Hindustan Aeronautics Limited
5) Adani Aerospace and Defence Limited
Answer- 4) Hindustan Aeronautics Limited
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Ministry of Defence (MoD) has signed a contract worth Rs 13,500 crore with
Bengaluru(Karnataka) based Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) for the procurement of 12
indigenous Sukhoi Su-30MKI fighter jets for the Indian Air Force(IAF).
• The contract aligns with the ongoing “Super Sukhoi” project which aims to upgrade 84 Sukhoi
Su-30MKI aircraft with advanced weapon systems, radars and avionics.
• This initiative aims at India’s broader modernization efforts to enhance the operational
capability by giving the IAF, a long-range missile exceeding 1,500 kilometer (km) to safeguard
national interests.
• The newly procured Sukhoi Su-30MKIs will feature 62.6% indigenous content with key
components sourced from the Indian defence industry.
• These two-seater, long-range multi-role fighter jets will be manufactured at HAL’s Nasik
division contributing to the country’s self-reliance under the ‘Aatmanirbhar Bharat’ initiative.
• In December 2024, the Cabinet Committee on Security (CCS) approved the acquisition of 100
additional K9 Vajra self-propelled howitzers to enhance India’s defence capabilities along the

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 Line of Actual Control (LAC) with China. The estimated cost of the 100 artillery guns is Rs
7000 crore.
• The project launched under the MoD aims to strengthen India’s military operational readiness
in strategic border areas.
• The range of these artillery guns is over 40 km and they can launch projectiles at a speed of
around 65 kilometres per hour(km/h). Click here to read more.

18. Which ministry and Department of Posts (DoP) has recently (in December ‘24) renewed
their Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) for 5 years to ensure the continued accessibility of
passport service?
1) Ministry of Heavy Industries
2) Ministry of Commerce and Industry
3) Ministry of Home Affairs
4) Ministry of Communications
5) Ministry of External Affairs
Answer- 5) Ministry of External Affairs
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) and the Department of Posts (DoP) have
renewed their Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) for 5 years to ensure the continued accessibility
of passport service through the Post Office Passport Seva Kendras (POPSKs).
• The agreement ensures that Indian citizens will keep receiving high-quality passport services
at their nearest post offices through effective management of POPSKs.
• Under this plan, the number of Passport Seva Kendras will rise to 600 across India by 2028-29,
improving access and convenience for citizens, and increasing the annual customer base from
35 lakhs to 1 crore over the next five years.

19. In November 2024, the Government of Kerala signed a supplementary concession

agreement with Adani Port to develop which seaport?
1) Kattupalli
2) Hazira
3) Mundra
4) Karaikal
5) Vizhinjam
Answer- 5) Vizhinjam
Explanation:
In November 2024, the Government of Kerala had signed a supplementary concession agreement
with Adani Vizhinjam Port Private Limited (AVPPL) to enhance the development of the Vizhinjam
deep-water international seaport. It is envisioned as a transformative step in Kerala’s maritime
infrastructure.
• As per the agreement, the first phase is expected to be commissioned in December 2024. The
second and third phases of the project will be completed by 2028.
• The Rs 7,700-crore port’s capacity would be increased to 30 lakh Twenty-foot Equivalent Units
(TEU) in these phases and require an additional expenditure of Rs 10,000 crore.

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 • The State started the arbitration process against the port concessionaire when the corporation
missed the deadline of the project, which was originally scheduled for 2019, as per the initial
agreement.
• A penalty of Rs 219 crore has been imposed for the delays. Rs 43.8 crore to be paid to the state
and the remaining amount will not be paid until 2028.

20. Which Indian organization has recently (in December ‘24) signed a Memorandum of
Understanding (MoU) with the United Arab Emirates (UAE)’s Emirates Polar Mission Steering
Committee (EPMSC) during the 15th India-UAE Joint Commission Meeting (JCM) held in New
Delhi, Delhi?
1) Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services
2) National Institute of Ocean Technology
3) National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research
4) Centre for Marine Living Resources and Ecology
5) Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)
Answer: 3) National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research
Explanation:
In December 2024, India’s National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research (NCPOR) and the United
Arab Emirates (UAE)’s Emirates Polar Mission Steering Committee (EPMSC) signed a Memorandum of
Understanding (MoU) during the 15th India-UAE Joint Commission Meeting (JCM) held in New
Delhi, Delhi to strengthen collaboration in polar and ocean research, academic partnerships,
operations, and capacity development.
i.The meeting was jointly chaired by Minister S. Jaishankar, Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) and
Sheikh Abdullah Bin Zayed Al Nahyan, UAE’s Deputy Prime Minister(DPM) and Foreign
Minister(FM).
ii.India and the UAE also held the 4th Strategic Dialogue in New Delhi. India and UAE discussed
ways to strengthen their strategic partnership in areas like defence, emerging technologies,
nuclear energy, polar research, critical minerals, and renewable energy, among others.
Click here to read more

21.Which company has recently (in December ‘24) partnered with Uttar Pradesh Rajya Vidyut
Utpadan Nigam Limited (UPRVUNL), commenced the commercial operations of the 1980 MW
Ghatampur Thermal Power Plant (GTPP) in Uttar Pradesh (UP)?
1) NLC India Limited (NLCIL)
2) NTPC Limited
3) Power Grid Corporation of India
4) Adani Power
5) Torrent Power
Answer: 1) NLC India Limited (NLCIL)
Explanation:
In December 2024, Neyveli (Tamil Nadu) based NLC India Limited (NLCIL) in partnership with Uttar
Pradesh Rajya Vidyut Utpadan Nigam Limited (UPRVUNL) has commenced commercial operations of
its 1st supercritical power plant ‘1980 Mega Watt (MW) Ghatampur Thermal Power Plant’ (GTPP) in
Uttar Pradesh(UP).

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i.It is the first fossil fuel-based thermal power plant commissioned in India during the Financial Year
2024-25(FY25). It was developed by Neyveli Uttar Pradesh Power Limited (NUPPL).
ii.After the first 660 MW unit of the power plant began operating, the total capacity of NLC India Ltd
and its group companies increased from 6,071 MW to 6,731 MW.
iii.The GTPP project is aimed to meet the increasing electricity demand in UP and Assam. With its
supercritical technology, the plant provides better thermal efficiency, uses less fuel, and produces
fewer emissions than regular thermal plants.
Note: NLCIL (formerly Neyveli Lignite Corporation India Limited) under the Ministry of Coal (MoC),
was established in 1956.

22.Which company has recently (in December ‘24) partnered with the National Council for
Educational Research and Training (NCERT) to launch YouTube Channels in 29 Indian
languages, including sign language to ensure access to digital education across India?
1) Apple
2) Microsoft
3) Google
4) Amazon
5) Facebook
Answer: 3) Google
Explanation:
Google, the United States of America(USA) based technology company, has partnered with the
National Council for Educational Research and Training (NCERT) to launch YouTube Channels in 29
Indian languages, including sign language to ensure access to quality digital education across India.
i.It aims to provide free education content to students between grades 1-12 and to empower
teachers.
ii.Google has also partnered with the National Programme on Technology Enhanced Learning
(NPTEL) to offer credentialed courses on YouTube.
• It provides learners with the chance to explore and complete 50 credential courses in various
subjects, such as pure sciences, literature, sports psychology, and rocket propulsion.
• The initiative opens up a route for individuals outside the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT)
system to access NPTEL courses on YouTube, complete the online certification through the
NPTEL-SWAYAM portal, and receive certificates from the IITs.

23. In December 2024, the Investor Education and Protection Fund Authority (IEPFA) under
the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) signed an MoU with the Association of Chartered
Certified Accountants (ACCA) to enhance _________________ in India.
1) Corporate Financial Knowledge
2) Protection of Investor Interests
3) Investor Awareness
4) Financial Education
5) Chartered Accountants
Answer- 4) Financial Education
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Investor Education and Protection Fund Authority (IEPFA) under the Ministry
of Corporate Affairs (MCA) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Association of

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Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA) in New Delhi, Delhi to enhance financial education across the
nation in urban and rural areas.
• The four-year partnership aims to educate young people about fundamental financial concepts
and foster a financially robust society.
• The program also known as ‘Financial Education for You (FEFY)”, is a four-year course
targeting school children in grades 6 through 9 aiming to foster financial decision-making
among young minds.
• ACCA will offer the program’s digital content at free of cost, making financial literacy accessible
to a wide range of educational institutions.
• IEPF has been established under Section 205C of the Companies Act, 1956 by way of the
Companies (Amendment) Act, 1999.

24. In December 2024, ____________ Smbhav Venture Fund signed an MoU with the Department
for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) under the Ministry of Commerce and
Industry during its 5th annual “Smbhav Summit” in New Delhi, Delhi?
1) Tata's
2) Amazon’s
3) Reliance's
4) Flipkart’s
5) Walmart's
Answer- 2) Amazon’s
Explanation:
In December 2024, United States of America (USA) based E-commerce multinational technology
company Amazon’s Smbhav Venture Fund signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the
Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) under the Ministry of Commerce
and Industry during its 5th annual “Smbhav Summit” held at the Bharat Mandapam in New Delhi
(Delhi).
• The aim of this MoU to enhance the government’s efforts in establishing India as a global
manufacturing hub
• Smbhav Venture Fund will invest USD 120 million in startups that digitize consumer goods
manufacturing in India and cater to both domestic and global demand.
• Smbhav Venture Fund, launched in 2021, is a USD 250 Million India dedicated venture
fund for early stage startups and high quality entrepreneurs. The aim is to empower the
next generation of world changing companies.
• The investment also expands the fund to USD 350 million, driving innovation and
manufacturing in the country.
• The company aims to enable USD 80 billion in cumulative exports from India by 2030, a 4-
fold increase from its previous target.

25. Common Services Centres (CSC) e-Governance Services India Limited under the Ministry of
Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY), has recently (in December ‘24) signed a
Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Indian Farmers Fertiliser Cooperative Limited
(IFFCO) to form _________ Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) in order to strengthen farmers,
reduce costs, and boost incomes?
1) 5,000

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2) 7,500
3) 12,000
4) 10,000
5) 8,000
Answer- 4) 10,000
Explanation:
In December 2024, New Delhi (Delhi)- based Common Services Centres (CSC) e-Governance
Services India Limited, operating under the Ministry of Electronics and Information
Technology(MeitY), signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Indian Farmers
Fertiliser Cooperative Limited (IFFCO) based in New Delhi, to provide critical agricultural inputs to
Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs).
i.The signing ceremony was attended by Sanjay Rakesh, Managing Director (MD) and Chief Operating
Officer (CEO) of CSC e-Governance Services and Yogendra Kumar, Marketing Director of IFFCO.
ii.This partnership will provide FPOs with essential agricultural resources from IFFCO, including Nano
Urea Plus, Nano Di-ammonium Phosphate (DAP), fertilizers, seeds, and agrochemicals, to boost
productivity and promote sustainable farming.
iii.The Government of India (GoI) launched the Central Sector Scheme (CSS) in 2020 to form 10,000
FPOs, aiming to strengthen farmers, reduce costs, and boost incomes through Common Services
Centres (CSCs). As of 30th June 2024, 8,875 FPOs have been registered in India.

26. Which organization has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the National
Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) to bolster India’s disaster management capabilities?
1) The National Institute of Disaster Management
2) The National Disaster Response Force
3) All India Disaster Management Association
4) Global Disaster Relief Network
5) The Centre for Joint Warfare Studies
Answer- 5) The Centre for Joint Warfare Studies
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Centre for Joint Warfare Studies (CENJOWS), the only tri-services think tank
under Headquarters Integrated Defence Staff (HQ IDS), Ministry of Defence has signed a
Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) to
bolster India’s disaster management capabilities.
i.The MoU was signed by Lt Gen Syed Ata Hasnain (Retd), Member, NDMA and Major General (Dr)
Ashok Kumar (Retd), Director General of CENJOWS.
ii.With the signing ceremony, a strategic agreement was established to address critical challenges in
readiness, response, and disaster mitigation in order to create a “whole of the nation” approach.
iii.The MoU outlines a framework for joint initiatives, including:
• Collaborative Research: Conducting research on disaster management, HADR operations, and
disaster diplomacy in order to contribute to the Indian government on policy.
• Capacity Building: Organizing workshops, seminars and training programs for stakeholders,
including armed forces personnel, NDMA officials, and other important agencies.
• Awareness Campaigns: Raising awareness across the country to encourage risk reduction and
disaster preparedness through nationwide initiatives.

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 • International Engagements: Promoting international cooperation in disaster management
aligns with India’s foreign policy aim.

27. Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) under the Ministry of
Commerce and Industry (MoC&I) and which bank has recently (in December ‘24) entered into
a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to provide startups with world-class banking and
financial services?
1) Axis Bank Limited
2) HDFC Bank Limited
3) Bandhan Bank Limited
4) Federal Bank Limited
5) City Union Bank Limited
Answer- 2) HDFC Bank Limited
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) under the
Ministry of Commerce and Industry (MoC&I) entered into a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU)
with Mumbai(Maharashtra) based HDFC Bank Limited, India’s largest private sector bank by assets,
to provide startups with world-class banking and financial services.
• The partnership aims to strengthen the startup ecosystem by providing mentorship,
knowledge-sharing, and capacity-building programs to encourage innovation and growth.
• Startups will receive personalized banking and financial products to meet their needs, like
working capital, credit, and cash flow management.
• They will also benefit from HDFC Bank’s vast network and resources, which will support their
growth, investment attraction, and market presence expansion.
• The DPIIT also signed an MoU with Tally Solutions Private Limited, a software company
based in Bengaluru, Karnataka, to digitally empower startups in the manufacturing sector.
• This partnership aims to introduce a series of workshops with modules designed to help
startups tackle key challenges in financial management, compliance, marketing, digitization,
and investment readiness.
• Tally Solutions will provide practical training, case studies, and expert sessions to help startups
improve operations, adopt scalable practices, and prepare for long-term growth. Click here to
read more.

28. Which organization has recently (in December 2024) signed a Memorandum of Agreement
(MoA) with Arunachal Pradesh (AR) government for the management of the ‘Major Ralengnao
Bob Khathing Museum of Valor’ in Tawang, AR?
1) Indian Navy
2) Indian Army
3) Indian Air Force
4) National Cadet Corps
5) Border Security Force
Answer- 2) Indian Army

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Explanation:
In December 2024, the Arunachal Pradesh (AR) government signed a Memorandum of Agreement
(MoA) with the Indian Army (IA) for the management of the ‘Major Ralengnao Bob Khathing Museum
of Valor’ in Tawang, AR.
• This initiative aims to ensure the museum remains a prominent historical site, reflecting the
region’s strategic significance in India’s territorial integrity.
• This collaboration highlights the importance of preserving the history of Major Bob Khathing’s
contribution to the integration of Tawang into India in 1951, a key move directed by Sardar
Vallabhbhai Patel.

29. Which organisation has recently (in December ‘24) signed an MoU with Dubai International
Financial Centre (DIFC) to enhance cross-border collaboration in fintech, Artificial Intelligence
(AI), and innovation?
1) Indian Banks’ Association
2) Confederation of Indian Industry
3) National Skill Development Corporation
4) Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry
5) National Association of Software and Service Companies
Answer- 5) National Association of Software and Service Companies
Explanation:
Noida (Uttar Pradesh) based National Association of Software and Service Companies (NASSCOM)
and Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to
enhance cross-border collaboration in fintech, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and innovation.
• The agreement was signed in the presence of Rajesh Nambiar, President of NASSCOM, and Arif
Amiri, Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of the DIFC Authority.
• The partnership provides over 3000 NASSCOM member companies unique access to DIFC’s
Innovation Hub, Dubai AI Campus, and its wide network of leading companies that are driving
innovation in the financial industry.
• It plans to organize activities like webinars, roundtables, roadshows, and networking events to
provide opportunities for sharing knowledge, growing businesses, and working together on
innovative projects.

30. Which Indian Institute of Technology and Defence Research and Development Organisation
(DRDO) and industry partners have recently (in December ‘24) signed 10 tripartite
agreements during the event ‘DRDO-Industry-Academia – Global Approach to Readiness of
Indigenous Military Applications’ (DIA-GARIMA)?
1) IIT Delhi
2) IIT Bombay
3) IIT Madras
4) IIT Kanpur
5) IIT Goa
Answer- 1) IIT Delhi
Explanation:
On 19th December 2024, the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Indian
Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi and industry partners signed 10 tripartite agreements during

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the event ‘DRDO-Industry-Academia – Global Approach to Readiness of Indigenous Military
Applications’ (DIA-GARIMA) organised by DRDO-Industry-Academia Centre of Excellence (DIA-CoE)
at IIT Delhi, Delhi.
• The agreement was signed in the presence of Dr Samir V Kamat, Secretary, Department of
Defence Research & Development (R&D), Ministry of Defence(MoD) and Chairman of DRDO,
Professor Rangan Banerjee, Director of IIT Delhi, and industry representatives.
• DRDO has implemented a policy to involve universities and industries in defence research,
aiming to enhance advanced defence technologies and promote the “Aatmanirbhar Bharat”
initiative for self-reliance in defence production.
• Transfer of Technology for LightWeight Bullet Resistant Jacket (ABHED- Advanced Ballistic
High Energy Defeat) partners with three industry partners.
• A Memorandum of Agreement (MoA) has been signed with Mumbai(Maharashtra) based
Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) for the development of indigenous ballistic materials.
• MoA has been signed with three industries for the limited series production of Extreme Cold
Weather Clothing.
• MoA was signed for limited series production of Extreme Heat Protective Clothing with three
industries.

31. Which organisation has recently (in December ‘24) signed a Memorandum of
Understanding (MoU) with All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) to enhance the
skill development across AICTE-approved institutions?
1) National Association of Software and Service Companies
2) National Skill Development Corporation
3) Confederation of Indian Industry
4) Associated Chambers of Commerce & Industry of India
5) Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry
Answer- 3) Confederation of Indian Industry
Explanation:
The Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) and the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE)
have signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to enhance the skill development across AICTE-
approved institutions. It was signed during the 11th CII Global Summit on Skill Development 2024 in
New Delhi, Delhi.
• This MoU provides industry-based training programmes focused on current and future
industry requirements under all AICTE-approved technical institutions.
• The theme of the 11th CII Global Summit on Skill Development 2024 is “Building a Resilient
Skilled Talent Pool: Driving Industry Growth.”
• Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY), launched in 2015, aims to provide skill
development training through Short-Term Training (STT) and upskilling programs to enhance
the employability of individuals.

32. Which company recently (in December ‘2024) signed a contract worth Rs 7,628.70 crore
with the Ministry of Defence (MoD) to supply 100 additional K9 VAJRA-T self-propelled tracked
artillery guns for the Indian Army?
1) Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited
2) Larsen & Toubro Limited

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3) Tata Advanced Systems Limited
4) Ashok Leyland Defence System
5) Mahindra Defence Systems Limited
Answer- 2) Larsen & Toubro Limited
Explanation:
On December 20 2024, the Ministry of Defence (MoD) signed a contract worth Rs 7,628.70 crore
with Larsen & Toubro Limited (L&T) to supply 100 additional K9 VAJRA-T self-propelled tracked
artillery guns, each with a 155 millimetre (mm)/52 calibre for the Indian Army (IA). The contract
was signed by senior officials of the MoD and the Representatives of L&T Limited in the presence of
Defence Secretary, Rajesh Kumar Singh in New Delhi (Delhi).
i.The K9 VAJRA-T artillery guns are being built by L&T’s Hazira plant in partnership with Hanwha
Aerospace Company Limited.
ii.The range of these artillery guns is over 40 kilometer(km) and they can launch projectiles at a
speed of around 65 kilometres per hour(km/h).
iii.These upgraded 155 millimeter(mm) artillery systems are designed for high-altitude operations in
regions like Ladakh.
iv.This procurement come under the ‘Buy (Indian)’ initiative, aiming to bolster the Army’s firepower
and operational capability.

33. Which company has recently (in December ‘24) signed a Memorandum of Understanding
(MoU) with Premier Explosives Limited (PEL) to establish a joint venture for manufacturing
defence and aerospace products?
1) Bharat Dynamics Limited
2) Hindustan Aeronautics Limited
3) Munition India Limited
4) Bharat Forge Limited
5) Larsen & Toubro Limited
Answer- 3) Munition India Limited
Explanation:
In December 2024, Secunderabad(Telangana) based Premier Explosives Limited(PEL) signed a
Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Pune(Maharashtra) based Global Munition India
Limited(MIL), a unit of NIBE Ordnance and Maritime Ltd.(NIBEOM), to establish a joint venture (JV)
focused on the manufacturing of defence and aerospace products.
i.The joint venture will be structured with a 51:49 equity split, where Global Munition Ltd., will hold
the majority stake. The move is expected to bolster Premier Explosives’ position in the market.
ii.This strategic collaboration aims to tap into the growing defence and aerospace sectors, positioning
both companies to meet rising demand for advanced military and aerospace products.
iii.PEL is India’s first private-sector explosives manufacturer and supplies solid propellants for India’s
missile programs like Akash, Astra, and Long Range Surface-to-Air Missile(LRSAM).
iv.The company also provides products for the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), including
solid propellants for satellite launch vehicles.

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34.Which country has recently (in December ‘24) signed an agreement with California-based
Nvidia Corporation to jointly set up an Artificial Intelligence (AI) Research and Development
(R&D) center and an AI data center?
1) India
2) Japan
3) South Korea
4) Vietnam
5) Singapore
Answer- 4) Vietnam
Explanation:
In December 2024, California (the United States of America, USA)-based Nvidia Corporation, signed an
agreement with the Government of Vietnam to jointly set up an Artificial Intelligence (AI) Research
and Development (R&D) center and an AI data center in Vietnam.
i.The agreement was signed in the presence of founder and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Nvidia
Corporation, Jensen Huang and Prime Minister (PM) of Vietnam Pham Minh Chinh in Hanoi, Vietnam.
ii.The R&D center will focus on software development, taking advantage of the country’s skilled
engineers in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM).
iii.It will collaborate with industry leaders, startups, government agencies, universities, and students
to promote the use of AI.

35. Which organization has recently (in December 2024) signed a Memorandum of Agreement
(MoA) with Gati Shakti Vishwavidyalaya(GSV) to enhance education, research, and training in
logistics-related fields?
1) Indian Navy
2) Indian Army
3) Indian Railways
4) Airports Authority of India
5) National Institute of Technology
Answer- 1) Indian Navy
Explanation:
In December 2024, Vadodara(Gujarat) based Gati Shakti Vishwavidyalaya(GSV) and Indian Navy(IN)
signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to enhance education, research, and training in
logistics-related fields for the IN.
• The agreement was signed by Vice Admiral Deepak Kapoor, Controller of Logistics of theIN
and Professor Manoj Choudhary, Vice-Chancellor of GSV.
• The partnership aims to enhance the IN’s logistical capabilities by emphasizing supply chain
management, integrated transportation systems, and sustainable logistics practices.
• The MoU enables the sharing of expertise and case studies in areas like Artificial intelligence
(AI), predictive analytics, and blockchain technology, aiming to enhance logistics practices.
• The collaboration supports important national initiatives such as the Pradhan Mantri Gati
Shakti National Master Plan (PMGS-NMP) 2021 and the National Logistics Policy (NLP)
2022.

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36. Which ministry has recently (in December ‘24) signed an agreement with the Department
of Posts (DoP), Ministry of Communications (MoC), signed an agreement to establish 600
additional Passport Seva Kendras (POPSKs) at post offices nationally?
1) Ministry of Civil Aviation
2) Ministry of External Affairs
3) Ministry of Commerce and Industry
4) Ministry of Home Affairs
5) Ministry of Tourism
Answer- 2) Ministry of External Affairs
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Department of Posts (DoP), Ministry of Communications(MoC), signed an
agreement with the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) to establish 600 additional Passport Seva
Kendras (POPSKs) at post offices nationally. The new POPSKs are expected to be operational by
2028-29.
• These centres will be spread across India, utilizing the 6,40,000 points of sale under India
Post.
• By expanding its POPSK network, India Post aims to provide citizen-centric services and
establish itself as a logistic company offering postal and life insurance services, alongside
Rural Postal Life Insurance (RPLI) and parcel delivery.

37. Which organisation has recently (in December ‘24) signed an agreement with the Indian
Space Research Organisation to collaborate on activities related to astronaut training, mission
implementation, and research experiments in space?
1) China National Space Administration
2) Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
3) European Space Agency
4) National Aeronautics and Space Administration
5) Space Exploration Technologies Corporation
Answer- 3) European Space Agency
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and the European Space Agency
(ESA) signed an agreement to collaborate on activities related to astronaut training, mission
implementation, and research experiments in space.
• The agreement was signed by Dr. S. Somanath, ISRO Chairman, Secretary, Department of
Space (DoS), and Dr Josef Aschbacher, Director General(DG) of ESA.
• The agreement establishes a framework for collaborative human space exploration and
research activities in astronaut training, experiment development and integration, use of ESA
facilities on the International Space Station (ISS), biomedical and human research experiments
implementation, and joint outreach and education initiatives.
• Both organisations are working together to implement experiments shortlisted by Indian
Principal Investigators on ISS for the next Axiom-4 mission, which will include ISRO’s
Gaganyatri and ESA’s astronaut as crew members.

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38. Which state has recently (in December ‘24) signed an MoU with Uttar Pradesh (UP) to
implement the ‘Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat’ program in Lucknow, UP?
1) Jharkhand
2) Madhya Pradesh
3) Haryana
4) Assam
5) Manipur
Answer- 5) Manipur
Explanation:
In December 2024, Uttar Pradesh (UP) and Manipur governments signed a Memorandum of
Understanding (MoU) to implement the ‘Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat’ program in Lucknow, UP.
• The program aims to enhance the interaction and promote mutual understanding between
people of different states/Union Territories (UTs) through the concept of state/UT pairing.
• The Uttar Pradesh Department of Tourism and Culture organized the signing ceremony in
Lucknow.
• The MoU between two states lasts for three years from the signing date and can be extended
for another three years if both states agree.
• Manipur is the third state to sign an MoU with Uttar Pradesh(UP) under the Ek Bharat
Shreshtha Bharat programme after Arunachal Pradesh (AR) and Meghalaya.
• On 31st October 2015, Prime Minister(PM) Narendra Modi announced the ‘Ek Bharat
Shreshtha Bharat’ program to mark the 140th birth anniversary of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel,
India’s first Deputy PM and Home Minister.
• The initiative aims to foster active interaction between people from diverse cultures across
different States and UTs in India, with the goal of promoting greater mutual understanding
among them.
• Bhasha Sangam: It is an initiative by MoE aimed at teaching basic everyday sentences in 22
Indian languages, developed by the National Council of Educational Research and Training
(NCERT).

39. In December 2024, India and China signed a six-point agreement to resume the
____________________ and Nathula border trade during the 23rd meeting of the Special
Representatives (SRs) on the China-India Boundary Question in Beijing, China.
1) Kailash Mansarovar Yatra
2) Bilateral Trade Agreement
3) Border Security Pact
4) River Cooperation
5) Climate Change Cooperation
Answer- 1) Kailash Mansarovar Yatra
Explanation:
On December 18, 2024, India and China signed a six-point agreement to resume the Kailash
Mansarovar Yatra and Nathula border trade during the 23rd meeting of the Special
Representatives (SRs) on the China-India Boundary Question in Beijing, China.
• The agreement also addresses key issues such as cross-border river cooperation, representing
a significant move toward rebuilding trust between the two nations.

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 • The Kailash Mansarovar Yatra is a sacred pilgrimage to Mount Kailash and Lake Mansarovar,
which hold spiritual significance in Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Bon.
• Mount Kailash is regarded as the abode of Lord Shiva, while Lake Mansarovar holds deep
spiritual significance.
• Travelers take various routes to reach this peak, including Kathmandu (Nepal), Simikot
(Nepal), and Lhasa (Tibet).
• On the Indian side, the routes pass through Lipulekh Pass (Uttarakhand) and Nathu La Pass
(Sikkim).
• The Nathula border trade follows the ancient Silk Route in Sikkim, India, to China. It was
reopened in 2006 after being closed since the 1962 Sino-Indian War.
• River cooperation between India and China is a key issue due to the shared water resources.
The two primary cross-border rivers are the Brahmaputra and the Indus.

40. In December 2024, BluJ Aerospace Private Limited signed a Memorandum of

Understanding (MoU) with Blade India to deliver 60 ________________.
1) Vertical Take-Off and Landing aircraft
2) Cargo aircraft
3) Commercial airliner
4) Wide-body jet aircraft
5) Narrow-body aircraft
Answer- 1) Vertical Take-Off and Landing aircraft
Explanation:
In December 2024, BluJ Aerospace Private Limited, Hyderabad(Telangana) based advanced air
mobility (AAM) startup, signed Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Mumbai (Maharashtra)-
based Blade India, a joint venture (JV) of Blade Air Mobility Inc. and Hunch Ventures, to deliver 60
Vertical Take-Off and Landing (VTOL) aircraft, including 50 BluJ REACH cargo aircraft and 10 BluJ
HOP passenger aircraft.
• BIuJ REACH is expected to be ready for commercial rollout by 2026-27, while BIuJ HOP is
expected to be ready by 2028-29.
• The BluJ REACH, an unmanned Hydrogen-Electric Vertical Take-Off and Landing
(H2eVTOL) aircraft designed for mid-mile logistics, offers a target range of up to 300
kilometers (km), a payload capacity of 100 kilograms (kg), and an uptime of 12-16 hours,
enabling efficient same-day deliveries, particularly in underserved region.
• The BluJ HOP is a piloted Hydrogen-Electric Vertical Take-Off and Landing (H2eVTOL)
aircraft designed to provide quiet, economical, and safe regional passenger travel.

41. In December 2024, Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister (CM) Yogi Adityanath signed a
Memorandums of Understanding (MoU) with Japan’s Yamanashi Prefecture to improve
____________________________.
1) Infrastructure Development
2) Tourism and Education
3) Disaster Management
4) Economic and Cultural Cooperation
5) Renewable Energy Projects
Answer- 4) Economic and Cultural Cooperation

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Explanation:
In December 2024, Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister (CM) Yogi Adityanath signed a Memorandums of
Understanding (MoU) with Japan’s Yamanashi Prefecture in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh (UP). The
Japanese delegation was led by Yamanashi Governor Kotaro Nagasaki.
• The MoUs aim to improve economic and cultural cooperation between UP and Yamanashi,
representing a growing partnership between the two nations.
• Both countries have a special “Special Strategic and Global Partnership” that has been
rooted in centuries of cultural and spiritual connections.
• Additionally, the Indian community has been expanding in Japan, particularly in IT and
engineering professionals. The Nishikasai area in Tokyo is referred to as “mini-India,” as
over 40,000 Indians are currently residing in Japan.

42. Under which scheme the Mizoram government has recently (in December ‘24) entered into
a Memorandum of Agreement (MoA) with its partner banks for the disbursement of loans?
1) Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana
2) National Rural Livelihoods Mission
3) Feed And Fodder Entrepreneurship Scheme
4) Startup India Scheme
5) Bana Kaih Scheme
Answer- 5) Bana Kaih Scheme
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Mizoram government entered into a Memorandum of Agreement (MoA) with
its partner banks – State Bank of India (SBI), Mizoram Rural Bank (MRB), and Mizoram Cooperative
Apex Bank Limited (MCAB) for the disbursement of loans under the Bana Kaih(handholding)
Scheme. The agreement was signed at the Chief Minister’s Conference Hall in Aizawl, Mizoram.
• The Bana Kaih Innovation Challenge has also been launched to organize a series of
competitive events, which will be coordinated by the PPID of Mizoram during the same event.
• The Bana Kaih Scheme is a key program initiated by the Mizoram government designed to
promote self-reliance and economic growth. The main feature of the scheme is the “progress
partners” initiative, offering loans via partner banks and up to 100% interest subsidy for
timely repayments.
• The primary objective of the scheme is to contribute to the realization of Viksit Bharat
(Developed India) and the achievement of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals
(SDGs).

APPOINTMENTS AND RESIGNATIONS

1. Which Indian Cricketer was recently (in November ‘24) appointed as Dubai Sports Council
(DSC)’s Sports Ambassador to promote sports in Dubai, the United Arab Emirates (UAE)?
1) Mahendra Singh Dhoni
2) Gautam Gambhir
3) Harbhajan Singh
4) Rohit Sharma
5) Virat Kohli

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Answer- 3) Harbhajan Singh
Explanation:
In November 2024, Harbhajan Singh, former Indian cricketer, was appointed as Dubai Sports Council
(DSC)’s Sports Ambassador to promote sports in Dubai, the United Arab Emirates(UAE).
• The announcement was made in the presence of His Highness Sheikh Hamdan bin
Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Crown Prince of Dubai and Chairman of The Executive
Council of Dubai.
• Along with Harbhajan Singh, Khabib Nurmagomedov (Russian Ultimate Fighting
Championship(UFC) Champion), Sania Mirza (former Indian Tennis player), and Patrice
Evra (French Footballer) were appointed as Sports Ambassadors of DSC.
• Harbhajan Singh, has scored 711 wickets in international cricket which includes 417 in
Tests and 269 in One-Day Internationals(ODI).

2. Who was recently (in November ‘24) appointed as the new chief of BrahMos Aerospace?
1) Dr. Jaiteerth Raghavendra Joshi
2) Atul Dinkar Rane
3) Suhas Tejaskanda
4) Agnishwar Jayaprakash
5) Rohan M Ganapathy
Answer- 1) Dr. Jaiteerth Raghavendra Joshi
Explanation:
Eminent scientist Dr. Jaiteerth Raghavendra Joshi has been appointed as the new chief of BrahMos
Aerospace w.e.f. 1st December 2024.
• He succeeds Atul Dinkar Rane, who has held the position since 2021.
• Dr Jaiteerth Raghavendra Joshi is a prominent figure in missile technology, non-destructive
testing (NDT), and professional skill development.
• He has contributed significantly to India’s missile programs, particularly the Prithvi and
Agni systems.
• In 2022, he received the Dr. N. Kondal Rao Memorial Award from ISNT for his R&D
(Research & Development) contributions to missile and aerospace technologies.
• BrahMos Aerospace is a Joint Venture (JV) between India’s Defence Research and
Development Organisation (DRDO) and Russia’s NPO Mashinostroyeniya, based in New
Delhi.

3. Who has recently (in November ‘24) received a one-year extension as Chairperson of the
Public Enterprises Selection Board (PESB)?
1) Amarjeet Sinha
2) Mallika Srinivasan
3) S. Gopalakrishnan
4) Nirmala Sitharaman
5) Tuhin K. Pandey
Answer- 2) Mallika Srinivasan

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Explanation:
The Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC) has approved a one-year extension of tenure for
Mallika Srinivasan as Chairperson of the Public Enterprises Selection Board (PESB) beyond the age
of 65, from 19th November 2024 to 18th November 2025 or until further notice.
• Mallika Srinivasan, the Chairman and Managing Director of Tractors and Farm Equipment
(TAFE) Limited was appointed as Chairperson of PESB in April 2021 for 3 years, which was
later extended in March 2024 until November 2024, when she reached the age of 65.
• She is the first private-sector leader to head the PESB, the body under the Ministry of
Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions (MoPPG&P), responsible for selecting board
members, including the chairman for Central Public Sector Enterprises (CPSEs).

4. In November 2024, Hemant Soren was sworn in as the ______ Chief Minister (CM) of
Jharkhand. This marks Hemant Soren’s _______ term as CM of Jharkhand.
1) 15th, 5th
2) 14th, 4th
3) 14th, 3rd
4) 15th, 4th
5) 16th, 3rd
Answer- 2) 14th, 4th
Explanation:
On 28th November 2024, Hemant Soren was sworn in as the 14th Chief Minister(CM) of
Jharkhand at Morabadi Ground in Ranchi, Jharkhand. This marks Hemant Soren’s 4th term as CM of
Jharkhand.
• Governor of Jharkhand, Santosh Kumar Gangwar administered the oath of office and
secrecy.
• He took charge as CM for the first time in 2013. He was again re-elected in 2019.

5. Who has been recently (in November ‘24) elected as 11th President of Asian Development
Bank (ADB)?
1) Masato Kanda
2) Scott Morris
3) Bhargav Dasgupta
4) Masatsugu Asakawa
5) Yingming Yang
Answer- 1) Masato Kanda
Explanation:
On November 28 2024, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) Board of Governors elected Masato
Kanda as 11th President of ADB. He will succeed incumbent Masatsugu Asakawa, who will leave
office on February 23 2025.
• He will assume office on 24th February 2025 and will also complete the unexpired tenure of
Masatsugu Asakawa that ends on 23rd November 2026.
• Prior to this appointment, Masato Kanda served as Special Advisor to Japan’s Prime Minister
(PM) and Ministry of Finance.
• Masato Kanda has held key leadership roles at the Ministry of Finance of Japan, including Vice-
Minister of Finance for International Affairs gaining nearly 4 decades of experience.

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 • During his tenure as Vice-Minister of Finance for International Affairs, Japan made a record
contribution of more than USD 1 billion to the Asian Development Fund 13th replenishment
(ADF 13).

6. Which organisation has recently (in November ‘24) appointed Nand Kishore as its new
Managing Director (MD) and Chief Executive Officer (CEO)?
1) Edelweiss Asset Management Limited
2) ICICI Prudential Asset Management Company Limited
3) SBI Funds Management Limited
4) Mirae Asset Mutual Fund
5) HDFC Asset Management Company Limited
Answer- 3) SBI Funds Management Limited
Explanation:
SBI Funds Management Limited (SBIFM), a joint venture between State Bank of India (SBI) and
Amundi, Europe’s largest asset manager, has announced the appointment of Nand Kishore as its new
Managing Director (MD) and Chief Executive Officer (CEO).
• He succeeds Shamsher Singh, who will return to SBI.
• Prior to the appointment, he served as Deputy Managing Director (Global Markets) at SBI’s
Corporate Centre, overseeing treasury operations.

7. Who has been recently (in November ‘24) appointed as the Brand Ambassador for Assam
Rifles Half-Marathon 2024?
1) Mary Kom
2) Neeraj Chopra
3) PV Sindu
4) Aman Sehrawat
5) Manu Bhaker
Answer- 1) Mary Kom
Explanation:
Olympic medalist Mary Kom has been appointed as the brand ambassador for the “ Assam Rifles
Half-Marathon (ARHM) 2024” in Shillong. The event took place on November 24, 2024 with a record
participation from the Northeast and 30 other states.
• Mangte Chungneijang Mary Kom, popularly known as MC Mary Kom, is an Olympic Boxer and
former Rajya Sabha member. She won a Bronze Medal in the 2012 London Olympics.
• She is the only woman to win the World Amateur Boxing Championship six times and the only
boxer (male or female) to win eight World Championship medals (6 gold, 1 silver, 1 bronze).

8. Vijay Chandok has recently (in November ‘24) assumed charge as Managing Director and
Chief Executive Officer (MD & CEO) of National Securities Depository Limited (NSDL)
succeeding ________________________.
1) Ajit Doval
2) Brighu Srinivasan
3) Suresh Mathur
4) Ashishkumar Chauhan
5) Padmaja Chunduru

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Answer- 5) Padmaja Chunduru
Explanation:
In November 2024, the National Securities Depository Limited (NSDL) announced that Vijay
Chandok assumed charge as its Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer (MD & CEO) for a
period of 5 years or until he attains the age of 65, whichever is earlier.
• Prior to this role, he served as the MD & CEO of ICICI Securities Limited.
• He succeeds Padmaja Chunduru who was appointed as MD & CEO of NSDL in 2021.
• Vijay Chandok began his professional journey with ICICI Bank in the year 1993. He joined as a
management trainee and transitioned into the role of General Manager.
• He has held several pivotal positions within the ICICI Group, showcasing strong expertise in
corporate governance and financial strategy.
• In September 2024, NSDL became India’s first securities depository to achieve Rs 500 lakh
crore (USD 6 trillion) in assets under custody.

9. Justice D Krishnakumar was recently (in November ‘24) appointed as Chief Justice of which
state’s High Court?
1) Tripura
2) Punjab
3) Manipur
4) Uttarakhand
5) Andhra Pradesh
Answer- 3) Manipur
Explanation:
In November 2024, the Ministry of Law and Justice (MoL&J) notified the appointment of Justice D
Krishnakumar of Madras High Court as the Chief Justice of the High Court of Manipur.
• Under the Constitution of India, President Draupadi Murmu has appointed Justice D.
Krishnakumar following the retirement of Justice Siddharth Mridul on 21st November 2024.
• Justice Krishnakumar was appointed as a Madras High Court judge on April 7, 2016 and is due
to retire on May 21, 2025.
• He is the senior-most puisne Judge in his parent High Court and belongs to a Backward
Community.

10. Who has been recently (in November ‘24) appointed as the new Chief Secretary of
Mizoram?
1) H. Lalengmawia
2) Renu Sharma
3) Dr. Vineet Joshi
4) Khilli Ram Meena
5) Vumlunmang Vualnam
Answer- 4) Khilli Ram Meena
Explanation:
The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) has announced the appointment of Khilli Ram Meena, a senior
Indian Administrative Service (IAS) officer from the 1993 batch of the Arunachal Pradesh-Goa-
Mizoram and Union Territory (AGMUT) cadre, as the new Chief Secretary of Mizoram. He took over
from acting Chief Secretary H. Lalengmawia, a 2005-batch IAS officer.

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 • He replaced Renu Sharma, a 1988-batch officer from the AGMUT cadre, following her
retirement on 31st October 2024.
• Prior to this, he served as an Additional Secretary in the Ministry of Minority Affairs
(MoMA).
• The Mizoram government had earlier requested the Centre to appoint Vumlunmang
Vualnam, a 1992 batch IAS officer of the Manipur cadre and currently the Civil Aviation
Secretary, as the state’s Chief Secretary.

11. Who has been recently (in November ‘24) elected as the 1st female President of Namibia for
a period of 5 years?
1) Ndemupelila Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah
2) Katrina Hanse-Himarwa
3) Saara Kuugongelwa
4) Libertina Amathila
5) Marlene Mungunda
Answer- 1) Ndemupelila Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah
Explanation:
On 3rd December 2024, Namibian Vice President Ndemupelila Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah(NNN), a
presidential election candidate of ruling SWAPO (South West Africa People’s Organisation) political
party, has been elected as the 1st female President of Namibia for a period of 5 years. She will be
sworn in on 21 March 2025 and succeed the interim President, Nangolo Mbumba.
• With this, she will become the 5th President of Namibia and 4th African female leader to hold
the post of President in their respective country after Ellen Johnson Sirleaf (Liberia), Joyce
Banda (Malawi) and incumbent Tanzanian President Samia Suluhu Hassan.
• Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah is a vocal advocate for women’s rights. She was instrumental in
passing the Combating of Domestic Violence Act in 2002.
• She was elected as Vice-President of SWAPO in 2017, thus becoming the 1st woman to hold
this position.
• She has previously served as Namibia’s Deputy Prime Minister (PM) and Minister of
International Relations and Cooperation from 2015-2024 under the regime of President Hage
G. Geingob.
• After the demise of President Hage G. Geingob in February 2024, she was appointed as Vice-
President of Namibia.

12. In November 2024, World Trade Organization (WTO) General Council unanimously
reappointed Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala as 8th Director General (DG) for a consecutive ____________
term. Her second term is set to begin on September 1, 2025.
1) 1 year
2) 2 year
3) 3 year
4) 4 year
5) 5 year
Answer- 4) 4 year

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Explanation:
In November 2024, the World Trade Organization (WTO) General Council unanimously reappointed
Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala as 8th Director General(DG) for a consecutive 4 year term. Her second term is
set to begin on September 1, 2025
• Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, the first woman and first African to lead the WTO, first assumed office as
7th DG of WTO on March 1, 2021 and her first term concludes on August 31 2025.
• Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala is a global finance expert, an economist and international development
professional with over 40 years of experience working in Asia, Africa, Europe, Latin America
and North America.
• She served twice as Nigeria’s Finance Minister (2003-2006, 2011-2015), the first woman to
hold the position, and spent a 25-year career at the World Bank rising to the No. 2 position of
Managing Director (MD), Operations.
• In 2020 she was named as the “Forbes African of the Year” and has been ranked by Fortune as
one of the “50 Greatest World Leaders (2015)” and by Forbes as one of the “Top 100 Most
Powerful Women” in the World consecutively for four years.

13. Which bank has recently (in November ‘24) appointed Indian Chess Prodigy D Gukesh as its
Brand Ambassador?
1) Bandhan Bank Limited
2) Federal Bank Limited
3) RBL Bank Limited
4) IndusInd Bank Limited
5) Karur Vysya Bank Limited
Answer- 3) RBL Bank Limited
Explanation:
In November 2024, Mumbai (Maharashtra) based RBL Bank Limited, formerly known as Ratnakar Bank
Limited, appointed Indian Chess Prodigy D Gukesh as its Brand Ambassador.
• Gukesh Dommaraju is the youngest-ever contender to compete for the World Chess Championship
and the 3rd youngest grandmaster to achieve a rating of 2700.
• His partnership with RBL Bank reflects the bank’s commitment to strategic thinking and foresight
qualities that align perfectly with Gukesh’s journey.

14. In December 2024, Devendra Fadnavis was sworn in as ________ Chief Minister (CM) of
Maharashtra; ____________________ and Ajit Pawar as Deputy CM.
1) 21st, Eknath Shinde
2) 20th, Rahul Narwekar
3) 19th, Nana Patole
4) 18th, Ajay Choudhari
5) 17th, Vijay Wadettiwar
Answer- 1) 21st, Eknath Shinde
Explanation:
On December 5 2024, Devendra Fadnavis, leader of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), was sworn in as
21st Chief Minister (CM) of Maharashtra, marking his 3rd term following the Mahayuti alliance’s
victory. The BJP-Shiv Sena-NCP Mahayuti coalition has a majority of 230 seats in the 288-members in
the Maharashtra Assembly election held in November 2024.

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 • Maharashtra’s Governor CP Radhakrishnan administered the oath of office at a grand
ceremony held at Azad Maidan in Mumbai, Maharashtra.
• Eknath Shinde of Shiv Sena and Ajit Pawar of the Nationalist Congress Party (NCP) also took
their oaths as Deputy CM of Maharashtra.
• He was first elected to the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly in 1999. He was selected as the
CM of Maharashtra for the first time in 2014 and remained till 2019.
• He served as the Deputy CM of Maharashtra, alongside Ajit Pawar in the Eknath Shinde
government.

15. Who has been recently (in December ‘24) appointed as the 26th Governor of the Reserve
Bank of India (RBI) replacing Shaktikanta Das and his tenure starts on December 11, 2024 for
a period of 3 years?
1) Challa Sreenivasulu Setty
2) Dinesh Kumar Khara
3) Raghuram Rajan
4) Vikash Sharma
5) Sanjay Malhotra
Answer- 5) Sanjay Malhotra
Explanation:
On December 09 2024, the Government of India (GoI) appointed Sanjay Malhotra, Revenue
Secretary, Ministry of Finance (MoF) as the new Governor of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). He
replaced Shaktikanta Das (2nd longest serving RBI Governor) and became the 26th Governor of
RBI.
• The appointment was approved by the Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC) and was
notified by the Department of Personnel and Training (DoPT), Ministry of Personnel, Public
Grievance and Pension (MoP).
• His tenure starts on December 11, 2024 for a period of 3 years.
• He is a former Secretary in the Department of Financial Services (DFS), and was widely
recognized for his leadership in steering the Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC)’s
landmark Rs 21,000 crore Initial Public Offering (IPO) and advancing significant public sector
banking reforms.
• His tenure as Additional Secretary in the Ministry of Power (MoP) led efforts on the Rs 3 lakh
crore power distribution reforms.
• Roles and Responsibilities of the RBI Governor: The Governor is responsible for
formulating and implementing monetary policies aimed at controlling inflation and promoting
economic growth to ensure monetary stability.
• The Governor manages the issuance of licenses for new foreign and private banks, thereby
regulating the banking sector in India.
• The Governor is responsible for the circulation, issuance, and withdrawal of currency notes,
ensuring a stable currency supply.

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16. Which Small Finance Bank has recently (in November ‘24) appointed R Ramaseshan as its
‘part-time Chairman’ (independent director) effective from 27 November 2024 to 7 February
2026?
1) Capital Small Finance Bank Limited
2) Ujjivan Small Finance Bank Limited
3) Jana Small Finance Bank Limited
4) Utkarsh Small Finance Bank Limited
5) Shivalik Small Finance Bank Limited
Answer- 3) Jana Small Finance Bank Limited
Explanation:
Bengaluru (Karnataka) based Jana Small Finance Bank (JSFB) Limited has appointed R Ramaseshan
as its ‘part-time Chairman’ (independent director) effective from 27 November 2024 to 7 February
2026.
• He succeeded Subhash Khuntia, whose term ended on 24th October 2024. Subhash Khuntia
will continue to serve on the bank’s Board as an Independent Director.
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) approved his appointment following the recommendation of
the Nomination and Remuneration Committee (NRC) and the Board of Directors.
• He had experience in both the government sector as an ISA officer and the private sector as
Managing Director (MD) & Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of commodity markets. He has
expertise in public finance, tax changes, stock and commodity markets, and agriculture.

17. John Dramani Mahama was recently (in December ‘24) elected as the President of
______________ for the second time by succeeding Mahamudu Bawumia.
1) Somaliland
2) Namibia
3) Spain
4) Ghana
5) Brazil
Answer- 4) Ghana
Explanation:
On December 9 2024, John Dramani Mahama, political leader of National Democratic Congress
(NDC) was elected as the President of Ghana for the second time. He won the Presidential election by
succeeding Vice President Mahamudu Bawumia, New Patriotic Party (NPP) candidate, with 60.9% of
votes tallied.
• John Dramani Mahama will assume office as the 6th President of the fourth Republic and the
14th President of the Republic of Ghana on 7th January 2025 by replacing incumbent
president Nana Addo Dankwa Akufo-Addo.
• He previously served as President of Ghana from July 24 2012 to January 7 2017.
• John Dramani Mahama, a communication expert, historian, and writer, has been an active
member of the National Democratic Congress (NDC).
• He held the position of Vice President from January 2009 until July 2012, stepping into the role
of President following the death of his predecessor, John Atta Mills.

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18. Who has recently (in December ‘24) taken over as the 29th President of the Asian Cricket
Council (ACC)?
1) Shammi Silva
2) Zaheer Abbas
3) Roger Binny
4) Jay Shah
5) Devajit Saikia
Answer- 1) Shammi Silva
Explanation:
On December 6 2024, Shammi Silva, the head of Sri Lanka Cricket (SLC), has taken over as the 29th
President of the Asian Cricket Council (ACC),
• He succeeded India’s Jay Shah, who became the Chairman of the International Cricket Council
(ICC) on December 1 2024.
• Shammi Silva has a rich sporting background. He played cricket for the Colombo Cricket
Club(CCC) during the 1983-84 season, where he also captained the team.
• In May 2023, he was re-elected for the third consecutive term as Sri Lanka Cricket (SLC)
President.

19. In November 2024, Renowned Indian Actor, Pankaj Tripathi was appointed as the Festival
Ambassador for the _________________ Rang Mahotsav 2024.
1) Assam
2) Mizoram
3) Himachal
4) Uttarakhand
5) Arunachal
Answer- 5) Arunachal
Explanation:
In November 2024, Renowned Indian Actor, Pankaj Tripathi was appointed as the Festival
Ambassador for the Arunachal Rang Mahotsav 2024 (ARM2024), which is the largest international
theatre festival in Northeast India.
• This was the 2nd edition of ARM which was held from 22nd November to 5th December,
2024 at Indira Gandhi Park in Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh (AR).
• This latest edition of ARM was organised by ARM in collaboration with the Arunachal
Pradesh Literary Society (APLS) and sponsored by the Tourism Department of AR.
• This 15-day festival featured various cultural performances, including proscenium theatre,
street plays and intimate stage productions.

20. In December 2024, Vaibhav Chaturvedi was appointed as the ex-officio member for which
organisation?
1) Small Industries Development Bank of India
2) Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India
3) Telecom Regulatory Authority of India
4) Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority
5) Indian Bank Association
Answer- 2) Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India

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Explanation:
On December 7, 2024, the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) appointed Vaibhav Chaturvedi as the
ex-officio member of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (IBBI).
• Currently, Vaibhav Chaturvedi is the Chief General Manager (CGM), Credit Risk Regulation at
Reserve Bank of India (RBI).
• This initiative underscores the importance of a coordinated approach in tackling the challenges
of stressed assets and insolvency.
• The IBBI established under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) of 2016 plays a
pivotal role in the implementation and enforcement of the Code.
• The move aligns with the broader goal of enhancing synergy among regulatory bodies such as
the RBI, Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA)
and the Ministry of Finance (MOF).
• Vaibhav Chaturvedi served as a General Manager, Stressed Assets Resolution in RBI from May
2017.

21. Who was recently (in December ‘24) elected as the Secretary General of the Fencing
Confederation of Asia (FCA) for a period of four years?
1) Raghuram Iyer
2) Kalyan Chaubey
3) Rajeev Mehta
4) Alaknanda Ashok
5) Rajlaxmi Singh Deo
Answer- 3) Rajeev Mehta
Explanation:
On December 01 2024, Rajeev Mehta, former Indian Olympic Association’s (IOA) Secretary General,
was elected as the Secretary General of the Fencing Confederation of Asia (FCA) for a period of four
years during the 37th FCA’s General Assembly held in Tashkent, Uzbekistan.
• He became the first administrator from India to hold this position. He will replace Rusni
Abu Hassan (Malaysia).
• Prior to the appointment, he served as the Secretary General of the Fencing Association of
India (FCI).
• From 2017 to 2022, he served as the President of the Fencing Association of India (FCI).
• He also served as the Secretary General of the IOA for eight years from 2014 to 2022
simultaneously.

22. In December 2024, Rimtalba Jean Emmanuel Ouedraogo was appointed as the new Prime
Minister (PM) for which country?
1) Burkina Faso
2) Cape Verde
3) Ghana
4) Gambia
5) Nigeria
Answer- 1) Burkina Faso

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Explanation:
On 7 December 2024, Rimtalba Jean Emmanuel Ouedraogo, former communications minister, was
appointed as the new Prime Minister (PM) of Burkina Faso (West African Country) by the military
junta. He succeeds Apollinaire Joachim Kyelem de Tambela.
• A Military Junta is a form of government controlled by a group of military leaders. The junta in
Burkina Faso seized power in September 2022.
• Ouedraogo, a seasoned journalist and close ally of Ibrahim Traore, has had a long career in
communications, including key positions at Burkina Faso’s state broadcaster, where he served
as editor-in-chief and director.
• Ouedraogo, previously served as the country’s Communications Minister and government
spokesperson.

23. Jayen Mehta, Managing Director (MD) of which organisation has recently (in December ‘24)
received a 5 year extension until 2029-2030?
1) National Cooperative Dairy Federation of India
2) Tamil Nadu Dairy Development Corporation Limited
3) Kerala Co-operative Milk Marketing Federation
4) Karnataka Milk Federation
5) Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation
Answer- 5) Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation
Explanation:
Jayen Mehta, Managing Director (MD) of Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation (GCMMF),
which markets Anand Milk Union Limited (AMUL) dairy products, received a 5 year extension,
ensuring his leadership until 2029-2030. The decision was made at the board meeting of GCMMF
held in November 2024.
• He temporarily took over as MD in January 2023, following the departure of R.S. Sodhi, who
had led the company since 2010.
• Jayen Mehta joined GCMMF in 1991 and held several significant positions, including Brand
Manager, Group Product Manager and General Manager in the Marketing Department gained
34 years of experience.
• He is also a member of the Standing Committee of Marketing at the International Dairy
Federation (IDF).

24. Mohamed al-Bashir, head of the Hayat Tahrir al-Sham or HTS rebels, was appointed as the
caretaker Prime Minister (PM) of ____________.
1) Syria
2) Iraq
3) Lebanon
4) Turkey
5) Jordan
Answer- 1) Syria
Explanation:
On December 10 2024, Mohamed al-Bashir, head of the Hayat Tahrir al-Sham or HTS rebels, was
appointed as the caretaker Prime Minister (PM) of the transitional Syrian Government after the fall
of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad’s government and will be serving until March 1, 2025.

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 • Previously, he served as the Prime PM of the Syrian Salvation Government in Idlib Province.
• In 2022, he had emerged as minister of development in the administrative arm of Hayat
Tahrir al-Sham, which for years had held territory in Idlib.

25. Raj Kumar Chaudhary, the Chairman and Managing Director (CMD) of NHPC Limited has
recently (in November ‘24) got the additional charge of CMD for which company?
1) SJVN Limited
2) NTPC Limited
3) THDC India Limited
4) NLC India Limited
5) JSW Energy Limited
Answer- 1) SJVN Limited
Explanation:
In November 2024, Raj Kumar Chaudhary, the Chairman and Managing Director (CMD) of the state-
owned hydropower major NHPC Limited (formerly National Hydroelectric Power Corporation), has
been assigned the additional charge of CMD for the government-owned hydropower company SJVN
Limited, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh(HP).
• He has over 35 years of rich and vast experience in the power sector and hydropower
development.
• He joined NHPC in 1989 as a Probationary Executive (Civil) at Koel Karo HE Project, Jharkhand.
• He steadily held various positions in NHPC, including the post of Director (Technical), NHPC,
before taking over as its CMD in August 2024.

26. Who was recently (in December ‘2024) appointed as the Prime Minister (PM) of France by
President Emmanuel Macron, after former PM Michel Barnier?
1) Francois Bayrou
2) Jean Castex
3) Edouard Philippe
4) Bernard Cazeneuve
5) Manuel Valls
Answer: 1) Francois Bayrou
Explanation:
In December 2024, the President of France Emmanuel Macron appointed veteran centrist Francois
Bayrou, leader of the MoDem group allied with Macron’s party, as the Prime Minister (PM) of France,
after former PM Michel Barnier was overthrown by Parliament.
i.His appointment comes as France faces significant political instability due to a fragmented National
Assembly, with no single party holding a majority.
ii.On December 13 2024, Michel Barnier officially transferred his power to Francois Bayrou during a
ceremony held in Paris, France.

27. Who has recently (in December ‘24) elected as new General Secretary (GS) of All India State
Bank Officers’ Federation (AISBOF) and assumed charge on December 1, 2024?
1) Deepak Kumar Sharma
2) Vinay K Bhalla
3) Rupam Roy

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4) Sambit Mishra
5) Arun Kumar Bishoyi
Answer- 3) Rupam Roy
Explanation:
Bengaluru(Karnataka) based All India State Bank Officers’ Federation (AISBOF) elected Rupam Roy
as its new General Secretary (GS) during its 6th Executive Committee Meeting, held in Chandigarh,
Punjab. He assumed office on December 1, 2024.
• He succeeded Deepak Kumar Sharma, who retired on November 30, 2024.
• Prior to this, Rupam Roy had served as the President of AISBOF. He is well-known for his
excellent negotiating skills and his dedication to the welfare of bank officers.
• Arun Kumar Bishoyi, GS of the State Bank of India Officers’ Association (SBIOA)
Bhubaneswar Circle, was also elected as the new President of AISBOF.

28. Former Manchester City footballer ‘Mikheil Kavelashvili’ was appointed as the 6th
President of ____________, set to assume office on 29th December 2024, after incumbent President
Salome Zourabichvili.
1) Armenia
2) Azerbaijan
3) Georgia
4) Ukraine
5) Kazakhstan
Answer- 3) Georgia
Explanation:
Former Manchester City footballer Mikheil Kavelashvili was appointed as the 6th President of
Georgia. He will assume office on December 29 2024 and will replace incumbent President Salome
Zourabichvili.
• Mikheil Kavelashvili was nominated by the Georgian Dream party and won the presidential
election with 224 votes out of 300 votes.
i.Mikheil Kavelashvili is a Georgian politician and former professional footballer, known for his career
as a striker.
ii.He played in the English Premier League for Manchester City and in the Swiss Super League for
several clubs, including Dinamo Tbilisi and Spartak Vladikavkaz.
iii.In 2022, he co-founded the People’s Power party, a satellite faction of Georgian Dream Party.
iv.In the 2024 parliamentary election, he was elected for the 3rd time, representing the party list of
Georgian Dream Party, with which People’s Power had aligned.

29. Who was recently appointed as the new Managing Director (MD) of SBI for three years, with
effect from December 18, 2024?
1) Rajnish Kumar
2) Rama Mohan Rao Amara
3) Virat Sunil Diwanji
4) Ashok Chandra
5) Krishnan Venkat Subramanian
Answer- 2) Rama Mohan Rao Amara

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Explanation:
The Government of India (GoI) appointed Rama Mohan Rao Amara, Deputy Managing Director
(DMD) and Chief Risk Officer (CRO) of the State Bank of India (SBI) as the new Managing Director
(MD) of SBI for the three years with effect from 18 December 2024.
i.The appointment was approved by the Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC) headed by
Prime Minister(PM) Narendra Modi, followed by the Financial Services Institutions Bureau (FSIB)
recommendation.
ii.He succeeds Challa Sreeivasulu Setty, who has been appointed as the chairman of SBI in October
2024.
iii.Rama Mohan will serve as the 4th MD of SBI, alongside Ashwini Kumar Tewari, Vinay M Tonse, and
Rana Ashutosh Kumar Singh.
iv.He started his banking career with SBI in 1991 as a Probationary Officer(PO) and is a Certified
Associate of the Indian Institute of Bankers (CAIIB).
v.He served as the Chief General Manager(GM) of the SBI, Bhopal Circle, overseeing operations in the
states of Madhya Pradesh(MP) and Chhattisgarh.
vi.In January 2021, he was appointed as the MD & CEO of SBI Card, and held this position until August
2023.

30. Which bank recently (in December ‘24) has reappointed R Subramaniakumar as its
Managing Director (MD) and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) for a period of three years from
23rd June 2025 to 22nd June 2028?
1) HDFC Bank
2) ICICI Bank
3) RBL Bank Limited
4) Axis Bank
5) Yes Bank
Answer- 3) RBL Bank Limited
Explanation:
RBL Bank Limited’s board of directors has reappointed R Subramaniakumar, the current Managing
Director (MD) and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of the bank for a period of three years from 23rd June
2025 to 22nd June 2028.
• Initially he was appointed as MD and CEO of RBL Bank for a period of three years in June 2022.
His current term was to end on 22nd June 2025.
However, the reappointment is subject to approval by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). Under Section
35B of the Banking Regulation Act, 1935, the bank will apply to the RBI for the approval of
reappointing Subramaniakumar as MD and CEO for an additional three years.
i.R Subramaniakumar is a veteran in the banking industry with over 40 years of experience.
ii.He began his career with Punjab National Bank (PNB) in 1980.
iii.Prior to joining RBL Bank, he served as the administrator of Dewan Housing Finance Corporation
Limited (DHFL), the first non-banking finance company to be referred to the National Company Law
Tribunal (NCLT) for resolution.
iv.He was appointed as the MD and CEO of RBL Bank when the RBI added an additional director to the
bank’s board and sent former MD and CEO Vishwavir Ahuja on leave due to concerns about the bank’s
financial stability.

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v.He has held various leadership roles through the course of his career at PNB, including being the
Director of DRUKPNB, Bhutan.

31. Who was recently (in December ‘24) appointed as the Executive Director (ED) of Yes Bank
for a three-year term, effective from 11th December 2024 to 10th December 2027 as approved
by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI)?
1) Manish Jain
2) Amitabh Chaudhry
3) Prashant Kumar
4) Rajeev Ahuja
5) Sanjiv Chadha
Answer- 1) Manish Jain
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) approved the appointment of Manish Jain as
Executive Director (ED) of Yes Bank for a period of three years, effective from December 11, 2024, to
December 10, 2027.
i.RBI granted its approval under Section 35B of The Banking Regulation Act, 1949.
ii.Prashant Kumar is the current Managing Director(MD) and Chief Executive Officer(CEO) of YES
BANK.
iii.In 2023, he joined Yes Bank as the Country Head of Wholesale Banking Group. He has been
significant in increasing the corporate segment’s profitability, operational effectiveness, and
relationships with consumers.
iv.Prior to YES BANK, he held leadership roles at Standard Chartered Bank, including Managing
Director & Co-Head of Corporate Commercial & Institutional Banking for India.

32. Who has been recently (in December ‘24) appointed as the Chairman of the Economic
Advisory Council to the Prime Minister (EAC-PM) with an additional charge?
1) Suman Berry
2) Bibek Debroy
3) Sanjeev Sanyal
4) Shamika Ravi
5) B.V.R. Subramanyam
Answer- 1) Suman Berry
Explanation:
The Vice Chairman (VC) of the National Institute for Transforming India (NITI Aayog), Suman Berry
was appointed as the Chairman of the Economic Advisory Council to the Prime Minister (EAC-PM)
with an additional charge.
• He succeeded Bibek Debroy, who passed away on 1st November 2024.
• Before being appointed as Vice-chairman of NITI Aayog, held roles as a Global Fellow at the
Asia Programme of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars (WWICS) in
Washington D.C., the United States of America (USA).
• He had previously worked as the Director General (DG) of the National Council of Applied
Economic Research (NCAER) in New Delhi, Delhi.
• EAC-PM is an independent body set up to provide advice on economic and related matters to
the Government of India, especially to the Prime Minister.

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33. In December 2024, Former Delhi High Court Chief Justice Manmohan was appointed as
______________________ under Article 124(2) of the Constitution of India.
1) Chief Justice of India
2) Supreme Court Judge
3) High Court Judge
4) District Courts Judge
5) Attorney General of India
Answer- 2) Supreme Court Judge
Explanation:
Former Delhi High Court Chief Justice Manmohan appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court under
Article 124(2) of the Constitution of India. Justice Manmohan was born on December 17, 1962, in
Delhi.
• The Supreme Court now has 33 working judges, with a sanctioned strength of 34.
• Chief Justice of India Sanjiv Khanna administered the oath of office. CJI Khanna was the only
judge from the Delhi High Court in previous.
• The President of India appoints Supreme Court judges based on the recommendation of the
Collegium (a group of senior Supreme Court judges led by the Chief Justice of India).
• He became a permanent judge of the Delhi High Court on December 17, 2009 and served as
acting Chief Justice of the Delhi High Court from November 9, 2023. Later became full time
Chief Justice of the Delhi High Court from September 29, 2024.

34. Which cricketer has been recently (in December ‘24) appointed as the new Brand
Ambassador of Eurogrip Tyres?
1) Virat Kohli
2) Rohit Sharma
3) Jasprit Bumrah
4) Ravichandran Ashwin
5) Mahendra Singh Dhoni
Answer- 5) Mahendra Singh Dhoni
Explanation:
In December 2024, Eurogrip Tyres, India’s leading brand for 2, 3-wheeler and off-highway tyres
announced legendary cricketer Mahendra Singh Dhoni as its new Brand Ambassador.
• MS Dhoni, known for his dependability, performance and passion for riding, aligns with
Eurogrip Tyres’ vision of providing riders with control and confidence on every journey.
• This partnership aims to enhance the brand’s presence and appeal to motorcycle
enthusiasts.
• TVS Srichakra Limited(TSL), part of TVS Mobility Group, is the manufacturer of Eurogrip,
TVS Eurogrip and TVS Tyres, was established in 1982. It was headquartered in Chennai
(Tamil Nadu, TN).

35. Who has recently (in December ‘24) retired as the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Intel
Corporation after a distinguished career spanning over four decades?
1) Bob Swan
2) Pat Gelsinger
3) Brian Krzanich

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4) Andrew Grove
5) Satya Nadella
Answer- 2) Pat Gelsinger
Explanation:
Pat Gelsinger, the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Intel Corporation (INTC), headquartered in
California, United States of America (USA), retired after a distinguished tenure spanning over four
decades. His retirement became effective on December 1, 2024, as he stepped down from both his
executive role and the board of directors.
• He was replaced by David Zinsner, Executive Vice President (VP) and Chief Financial
Officer (CFO), and Michelle Johnston (MJ) Holthaus, head of the newly created Intel
Products group, as interim Co-Chief Executive Officers (CEOs).
• Additionally, Frank D. Yeary, the independent chair of Intel’s board, will serve as interim
executive chair.
• Pat Gelsinger’s journey with Intel began in 1979, where he rose to become the company’s
first Chief Technology Officer (CTO).

36. Who has been recently (in December ‘24) appointed as the new President of International
Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers and Associations (IFPMA), effective January 1,
2025?
1) Belén Garijo
2) Dr. Thomas Schinecker
3) Dr Sunao Manabe
4) Dr. Albert Bourla
5) Robert M. Davis
Answer- 2) Dr. Thomas Schinecker
Explanation:
Geneva, Switzerland-based International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers and
Associations (IFPMA) has appointed Dr. Thomas Schinecker, Chief Executive Officer(CEO) of the
Roche Group, as its new President, effective January 1, 2025.
• He will succeed the current President Dr. Albert Bourla and the Chairman and CEO of
Pfizer who completes his term.
• Prior to this, Thomas Schinecker served as the Vice-President of the IFPMA for two years.
• Rob Davis, CEO of MSD (known as Merck & Co, Inc), has been appointed as the Vice-
President of the IFPMA.

37. Who has been recently (in December ’24) appointed as the new Country Manager and Vice
President (VP) for India by Google, replacing interim head Roma Datta Chobey?
1) Preeti Lobana
2) Shantanu Narayen
3) Raghav Gupta
4) Rajan Anandan
5) Pradeep K. Sethi
Answer- 1) Preeti Lobana

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Explanation:
In December 2024, Google, Alphabet Inc’s largest subsidiary, appointed Preeti Lobana as the new
Country Manager and Vice President (VP) for India. She replaced interim head Roma Datta Chobey
and succeeded Sanjay Gupta, who has moved to the role of President of Google for the Asia-Pacific
region.
i.Prior to this appointment, she served as the VP of gTech (Google Technical Services) – Process,
Partner, Publisher Operations, Ads (Advertisements) Content & Quality Operations.
ii.Preeti Lobana will lead Google’s strategy in India, focusing on the integration of Artificial
Intelligence (AI) to drive innovation and digital transformation.
ii.She has been working with Google for 8 years and also held leadership positions at NatWest
(National Westminster Bank Plc) Group and American Express Company.

38. Who has been recently (in December ‘24) appointed as the chairperson of the United
Nations (UN) Internal Justice Council (IJC) from 19th December 2024 to 12th November 2028
by the UN Secretary-General António Guterres?
1) Justice Brijesh Kumar
2) Justice Altamas Kabir
3) Justice Madan B Lokur
4) Justice Dipak Mishra
5) Justice Markandey Katju
Answer- 3) Justice Madan B Lokur
Explanation:
The Former Supreme Court (SC) Judge of India Justice Madan B Lokur has been appointed as the
chairperson of the United Nations (UN) Internal Justice Council (IJC) from 19th December 2024 to
12th November 2028 by the UN Secretary-General António Guterres.
• He would head the council which also comprises other distinguished jurists.
• Justice Lokur became a judge of the SC on 4th June 2012, and retired on 30th December 2018.
• He was the standing counsel for the Central government for six years, from 1990 to 1996. In
1997, he was named a senior advocate, and in 1998, he was appointed as the Additional
Solicitor General (ASG) of India.
• In 2019, Justice Lokur was appointed as a judge on the non-resident panel of the Supreme
Court of Fiji. He was the first Indian judge to be appointed to the Supreme Court of another
country.
• The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) created the IJC as part of a new system to ensure
independence, professionalism, and accountability in the UN’s justice system.
• The IJC consists of five members who are appointed by the Secretary-General.

39. Match the following according to the recent (in December ‘24) appointment of Governors to
the respected states.
State Governor

i) Kerala a) Arif Mohammed Khan

ii) Odisha b) Ajay Kumar Bhalla

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 iii) Bihar c) Hari Babu Kambhampati

iv) Mizoram d) Rajendra Vishwanath Arlekar

v) Manipur e) General (Dr.) V.K. Singh

1) i – (b); ii – (e); iii – (d); iv – (c); v – (a)
2) i – (a); ii – (b); iii – (d); iv – (e); v – (c)
3) i – (e); ii – (c); iii – (a); iv – (b); v – (d)
4) i – (d); ii – (c); iii – (a); iv – (e); v – (b)
5) i – (c); ii – (a); iii – (d); iv – (e); v – (b)
Answer- 4) i – (d); ii – (c); iii – (a); iv – (e); v – (b)
Explanation:
On December 25 2024, President of India, Droupadi Murmu, appointed new Governors
for 5 states Kerala, Odisha, Bihar, Mizoram and Manipur at the Rashtrapati Bhavan in
New Delhi, Delhi.
State New Governor Previous Governor

Kerala Rajendra Vishwanath Arlekar Arif Mohammed Khan

Odisha Hari Babu Kambhampati Raghubar Das

Bihar Arif Mohammed Khan Rajendra Vishwanath Arlekar

Mizoram General (Dr.) V.K. Singh Hari Babu Kambhampati

Manipur Ajay Kumar Bhalla Lakshman Prasad Acharya

• All the appointments will be effective from the dates; the Governors assume charge of their
respective offices.
• President Droupadi Murmu has accepted the resignation of Raghubar Das as Governor of
Odisha and appointed Hari Babu Kambhampati as the new Governor of Odisha.
• Roles and Responsibilities of Governor: Appointment: According to Article 153, a Governor
must be appointed for each state, with one person being able to serve as Governor for multiple
states.
• Eligibility: Article 157 and 158 outline the eligibility criteria for a person to be appointed as a
Governor.
• Appointment of CM and Ministers: Under Article 164, the Governor appoints the CM and
other Ministers.
• Assent to Bills: Under Article 200, the Governor has the power to assent to or withhold assent
to bills passed by the Legislative Assembly, or reserve the bill for the President’s consideration.
Click here to read more.

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40. Which bank has recently (in December ‘24) appointed Amitava Chatterjee as its new
Managing Director (MD) and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) for a period of three years effective
from 30th December 2024?
1) Bandhan Bank Ltd.
2) Karur Vysya Bank
3) IDFC FIRST Bank
4) Kotak Mahindra Bank
5) Jammu and Kashmir Bank
Answer- 5) Jammu and Kashmir Bank
Explanation:
Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) Bank Limited has appointed Amitava Chatterjee as its new Managing
Director (MD) and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) for a period of three years effective from 30th
December 2024.
• He will replace Baldev Prakash, whose term comes to an end on 29th December 2024.
• He is currently serving as the Deputy Managing Director (DMD) of the State Bank of India
(SBI) and has previously held the position of MD & CEO at SBI Capital Markets Limited
(SBICAPS).
• He has an extensive banking career of over 30 years, with experience in strategic roles
across different regions.

41. In December 2024, Aisake Valu Eke was elected as the Prime Minister (PM) of which
country?
1) Fiji
2) Niue
3) Samoa
4) Tonga
5) Vanuatu
Answer- 4) Tonga
Explanation:
In December 2024, Aisake Valu Eke, former Secretary of the Ministry of Finance, was elected as the
Prime Minister (PM) of Tonga. He replaced former PM Hu’akavameiliku Siaosi Sovaleni, who
resigned on December 9 2024. He won the secret ballot of Parliament by 16- 8 votes by defeating the
only other candidate, Viliame Latu (Trade Minister).
• The swearing-in ceremony is expected to be held on February 03 2025. He will hold office
until Tonga’s next general election in November 2025.
• Aisake Valu Eke, a veteran politician, was 1st elected to the Legislative Assembly general
election as a Member of Parliament (MP) for Tongatapu 5 in November 2010.
• He served as Minister for Finance from 2014 to 2017.
• In 2008, he was awarded the “Order of Queen Sālote Tupou III” (a knighthood order of the
Kingdom of Tonga) by the King of Tonga for his personal services to the sovereign.

42. Who was recently (in December ‘24) replaced by Kristrun Mjoll Frostadottir as the Prime
Minister of Iceland?
1) Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir
2) Bjarni Benediktsson

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3) Katrín Jakobsdóttir
4) Sigurður Ingi Jóhannsson
5) Olafur Ragnar Grimsson
Answer- 2) Bjarni Benediktsson
Explanation:
In December 2024, Halla Tómasdóttir, President of Iceland, appointed Kristrun Mjoll Frostadottir,
the Leader of the Social Democratic Alliance (SDA) as the new Prime Minister (PM) of Iceland. She
officially assumed office by replacing former PM Bjarni Benediktsson.
• She secured 20.8% of the vote and 15 seats in the Althing (Supreme National Parliament) of
2024 Icelandic Parliamentary Election.
• Kristrun Mjoll Frostadottir (36) became the youngest PM in Icelandic history.
• Kristrun Frostadottir, an Icelandic politician, economist, began her career as a journalist for the
business newspaper ‘Viðskiptablaðið’ and worked as an economist in the analysis department
of Arion Bank (Icelandic Bank).
• She first served as a Specialist for Morgan Stanley (American Multinational International
Bank), in New York, United States of America (USA) and later in London, United Kingdom (UK).
• She was a member of the Budget Committee between 2021 and 2024, with a brief period of
time on the Economic Affairs and Trade Committee.
• In the 2021 parliamentary election, she was elected as a member of the Althing for the
Reykjavík South constituency and at the 2024 snap election, she was elected to represent the
Reykjavík North constituency.

43. Which Indian cricketer has been recently (in December ‘24) appointed as the strategic
Investor and Brand Ambassador of Kissht?
1) Sachin Tendulkar
2) Mahendra Singh Dhoni
3) Rahul Dravid
4) Sourav Ganguly
5) Virat Kohli
Answer- 1) Sachin Tendulkar
Explanation:
In December 2024, Kissht, India’s leading digital lending platform operated by OnEMI Technology
Solutions Private Limited, announced a long-term collaboration with Cricket legend Sachin
Tendulkar as a strategic Investor and Brand Ambassador. This partnership aims to accelerate
Kissht’s growth and strengthen its offerings in speedy and hassle-free credit financing services.
• Sachin Tendulkar, known for his unwavering trust, integrity, and excellence, perfectly aligns
with Kissht’s mission to make digital financial services accessible, transparent, and
seamless for millions of Indians.
• Sachin Tendulkar is widely regarded as one of the greatest batsmen in cricket history. He
was the highest run-scorer in Test and One Day International (ODI) cricket.
• He has been honored with India’s highest civilian award ‘Bharat Ratna’ in 2014.

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44. Salman Khan and Tiger Shroff recently (in December ‘24) named as brand ambassadors for
which event?
1) World Pickleball Championship
2) World Wrestling Championship
3) T20 World Cup
4) World Boxing Cup
5) Kho Kho World Cup
Answer- 5) Kho Kho World Cup
Explanation:
The Kho Kho Federation of India (KKFI) has announced Salman Khan and Tiger Shroff as the brand
ambassadors for the inaugural edition of the Kho Kho World Cup, which will be held from 13th to
19th January 2025 in New Delhi, Delhi at the Indira Gandhi Indoor Stadium in New Delhi and the
Noida Indoor Stadium.
• The Kho Kho World Cup 2025 features 21 men’s teams and 20 women’s teams from 24
different countries.
• Recently in October 2024 KKFI unveiled the World Cup’s official logo and tagline
#TheWorldGoesKho

45. Which organisation has recently (in December ‘24) appointed Justice V. Ramasubramanian
as its 9th Chairperson for a three-year term ending in December 2027?
1) National Crime Records Bureau
2) Central Vigilance Commission
3) Election Commission of India
4) National Human Rights Commission
5) National Legal Services Authority
Answer- 4) National Human Rights Commission
Explanation:
In December 2024, President of India, Droupadi Murmu appointed former Supreme Court (SC) Justice
V. Ramasubramanian as the 9th Chairperson of the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC)
for a three-year term ending in December 2027.
• Justice Ramasubramanian succeeds Justice (Retired) Arun Kumar Mishra, whose tenure
concluded on June 1, 2024. Since then, the NHRC had been functioning under Acting
Chairperson Vijaya Bharati Sayani.
• The President also appointed child rights activist Priyank Kanoongo and retired Justice
Bidyut Ranjan Sarangi as NHRC members.
• Justice V. Ramasubramanian, is a noted Tamil scholar and skilled judgment writer. He
joined the Bar in 1983 and practiced for about 23 years in the High Court of Madras.
• He served in various courts, including as Chief Justice (CJ) of Himachal Pradesh (HP) High
Court (HC) and a Supreme Court (SC) judge (2019–2023), delivered 102 key judgments on
issues like demonetization and bribery.

46. Who has been recently (in December ‘24) appointed as the Chief Justice (CJ) of the
Himachal Pradesh (HP) High Court (HC)?
1) Justice Rajiv Shakdher
2) Justice Ritu Bahri

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3) Justice Shailender Kaur
4) Justice Gurmeet Singh Sandhawalia
5) Justice Guhanathan Narendar
Answer- 4) Justice Gurmeet Singh Sandhawalia
Explanation:
In December 2024, President of India, Droupadi Murmu approved several significant judicial
appointments based on recommendations from the Supreme Court (SC) Collegium. Justice Gurmeet
Singh (G.S.) Sandhawalia has been appointed as the Chief Justice (CJ) of the Himachal Pradesh (HP)
High Court (HC). Justice Guhanathan Narendar has been appointed as the CJ of the Uttarakhand HC.
• Justice G.S. Sandhawalia was a judge in the Punjab and Haryana HC. He replaced Justice Rajiv
Shakdher, who retired on 18 October 2024.
• Justice Guhanathan Narendar was serving as a judge in the Andhra Pradesh (AP) HC. He
succeeded Justice Ritu Bahri, who retired on 10 October 2024.
• Permanent Judges in Delhi HC: Justice Shailender Kaur and Justice Ravinder Dudeja, who
were previously additional judges of the Delhi High Court, were made permanent judges.
• Permanent Judges in Karnataka HC: Four additional judges of the Karnataka High Court
were elevated to permanent judges: Justice Ramachandra Dattatray Huddar, Justice Venkatesh
Naik Thavaryanaik, Justice Vijaykumar Adagouda Patil, Justice Rajesh Rai Kallangala.

AWARDS AND RECOGNITIONS

1. Who has recently (in November ‘24) became the first Indian to host International Emmy
Awards 2024?
1) Vir Das
2) Aditi Mittal
3) Kenny Sebastian
4) Manish Paul
5) Kapil Sharma
Answer- 1) Vir Das
Explanation:
On 25th November 2024, the 52nd International Emmy Awards 2024 took place in New York,
United States of America (USA). The awards were presented by the International Academy of
Television Arts and Sciences (IATAS). The event was hosted by Indian stand-up comedian and actor
Vir Das. With this, he became the first Indian to host this annual event.
• Vir Das won the Emmy’s Best Comedian award 2023 for ‘Landing’, a Netflix special. He became
the first Indian comedian to win an Emmy award.
• The International Emmy Directorate Award was presented to Sidonie Dumas, Chief
Executive Officer (CEO) of Gaumont, the Paris (France) based television & film production
group, and International Emmy Founders Award was presented to the American writer-
producer David E. Kelley.
• France’s Les Gouttes de Dieu (Drops of God) won the Best Drama Series award.
• There are 56 nominees across 14 categories from 21 countries, viz: Argentina, Australia,
Belgium, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Denmark, France, Germany, India, Japan, Mexico, Netherlands,
Poland, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Thailand, Türkiye, and the UK.

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2. Which among the following is the Word of the Year 2024 chosen by Cambridge Dictionary in
November 2024?
1) Brat
2) Hallucinate
3) Romantasy
4) Manifest
5) Brain rot
Answer- Manifest
Explanation:
In November 2024, The Cambridge Dictionary has chosen ‘manifest’ as its Word of the Year 2024,
reflecting a significant rise in its usage. With nearly 1,30,000 lookups in their websites, the word
gained popularity across mainstream media, self-help communities, and social media platforms.
• The phrase to manifest refers to the act of imagining one’s desired achievements, with the
belief that doing so can increase the chances of success.
• Celebrities like Dua Lipa, Gabby Thomas, and Ollie Watkins popularized the term by sharing
how they “manifested” their success in 2024. Despite its widespread use, the idea of
manifesting remains unproven, originating from a century-old spiritual philosophy.

3. Rumana Sinha Sehgal, a mentor at Hyderabad (Telangana)-based T-Hub and Akshay

Deshpande, the associated startup founders of Switcheko have been recently (in November
‘24) honoured with the Karmaveer Chakra Awards for 2024-25.
Which organisation instituted the Karmaveer Chakra awards along with Indian Confederation
of NGOs (iCongo)?
1) United Nations
2) United Nations Human Rights Council
3) United Nations Development Programme(UNDP)
4) United Nations Peacebuilding Commission
5) United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation
Answer- 1) United Nations
Explanation:
Rumana Sinha Sehgal, a mentor at Hyderabad (Telangana)-based T-Hub, Akshay Deshpande, the
associated startup founders of Switcheko and Abhishek Agarwal, the founder of Goodeebag, have been
honoured with the Karmaveer Chakra Awards for 2024-25.
• These awards were given during the 13th edition of REX ConcLIVE which was held from 25th
November-26th November, 2024 in Noida, Uttar Pradesh (UP).
• Karmaveer Chakra awards were instituted by the Indian Confederation of NGOs (iCongo) in
collaboration with the United Nations (UN) in 2008-09.
• These awards recognise those individuals who have brought positive societal change through their
work and innovative solutions.
• Rumana Sinha Sehgal who is also the founder of Serendipity, has become the 1st entrepreneur
from Telangana to be honored with the Karmaveer Chakra Platinum Medal 2024-25.
• Dr. V.V. Majula Kumari, Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Varanaa’s Healthcare has been honoured
with REX Karmaveer Global Fellowship and the Karmaveer Chakra Gold Medal Award for 2024-
25.

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4. Which airline was recently (in November ‘24) awarded the ‘2024 Airline of the Year’ by
Centre for Aviation (CAPA) at its 2024 Global Aviation Awards for Excellence in Belgrade,
Serbia?
1) Air India
2) IndiGo
3) Akasa Air
4) SpiceJet
5) Air India Express
Answer- 2) IndiGo
Explanation:
In November 2024, India’s preferred carrier IndiGo was named the ‘2024 Airline of the Year’ by Centre
for Aviation (CAPA) at its 2024 Global Aviation Awards for Excellence in Belgrade, Serbia. CAPA is a
trusted source of aviation market intelligence and a part of the Aviation Week Network.
• The award was presented to IndiGo and was received by Neha Narain, VP Strategy and Chief
Executive Officer’s(CEO) Office, accepted the award on behalf of the airline.
• CAPA awarded IndiGo for its excellence in aviation strategy and operations, highlighting airlines
and airports that adapt effectively to changes in the industry.

5. India was recently (in December ‘24) honored with the ISSA _______________ Award for Asia and
Pacific 2024 award in the Regional Social Security Forum in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
1) Good Practice
2) Excellence in Social Security
3) Global Fintech
4) Global Prestige
5) Leadership in Social Welfare
Answer- 1) Good Practice
Explanation:
On December 3 2024, India was honored with the prestigious International Social Security
Association (ISSA) Good Practice Award for Asia and Pacific 2024. The award was presented by
Dr. Mohammed Azman, President of ISSA during the Regional Social Security Forum held from
December 3 to 5, 2024 in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
• The Employees’ Provident Fund Organisation (EPFO) under the Ministry of Labour and
Employment (MoL&E) has received 5 Certificates of Merit (CoM) for its innovative and
inclusive social security initiatives and Special Mention for its Digital Life Certificate (Jeevan
Pramaan Patra).
• EPFO has adopted the ISSA Guidelines on Communication by Social Security Administrations
by developing a comprehensive Communication Framework Document (CFD).
• EPFO has introduced E-proceedings to digitize judicial inquiries to ensure regular compliance,
which is a crucial aspect of a contributory social security system.
• EPFO received a Special Mention for Digital Life Certificate or Jeevan Pramaan Patra, is an
additional facility which enables the pensioners to file their Life Certificates through a
biometric authentication system that is Aadhaar-based. Click here to read more.

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6. Who has been recently (in December ‘24) awarded the Turner Prize 2024 for the thought-
provoking exhibition, Alter Altar?
1) Pio Abad
2) Jasleen Kaur
3) Claudette Johnson
4) Delaine Le Bas
5) Vibha Pankaj
Answer- 2) Jasleen Kaur
Explanation:
Indian-origin Scottish artist Jasleen Kaur has been awarded the prestigious Turner Prize 2024 for
her thought-provoking exhibition, Alter Altar. Actor James Norton presented the award along with a
prize of Great Britain Pound(GBP) 25,000 (approximately Rs 26.84 lakh) to Jasleen Kaur at the
ceremony took place at Tate Britain in London, United Kingdom (UK).
• The other artists who were shortlisted alongside Jasleen Kaur includes Pio Abad, Claudette
Johnson, and Delaine Le Bas.
• Jasleen Kaur’s exhibition is on display at Tate Britain until February 2025, alongside other
shortlisted artists.
• The Turner Prize, named after the artist J.M.W. Turner, has celebrated innovative British artists
since 1984.
• Jasleen Kaur’s ‘Alter Altar Exhibition’ reflects themes of identity, migration, and cultural
inheritance, drawing inspiration from her family’s journey as migrants to Scotland.
• Key highlights of the exhibition include a striking 1980s bright red Ford Escort, draped with a
giant crocheted doily. This centerpiece plays a fragmented soundtrack of Yearnings 2023, with
Kaur’s voice singing to a mechanical harmonium, blending music and memory. Click here to
read more.

7. During the 29th Session of the Conference of the States Parties (CSP) in The Hague, the
Netherlands, in November 2024, the Indian Chemical Council (ICC) received the "2024
Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW)- The Hague Award" for its
contribution to __________________.
1) Chemical safety and compliance
2) Preventing the threat of chemical terrorism
3) Promoting chemistry for peaceful purposes
4) Chemical disarmament
5) Supporting victims of chemical weapons
Answer- 4) Chemical disarmament
Explanation:
In November 2024, the Indian Chemical Council (ICC) was honoured with the “2024 Organisation for
the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons(OPCW)- The Hague Award” for its contribution to Chemical
Disarmament during the 29th Session of the Conference of the States Parties (CSP) held in The Hague,
the Netherlands.
• The award was presented by Ambassador Fernando Arias, Director-General of the OPCW,
and Jan van Zanen, Mayor of The Hague, presented the award to ICC Director General, D.
Sothi Selvam, who received the award on behalf of the Council.

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 • This award recognises the ICC’s underscores the Council’s role in promoting chemical
safety, industry-wide security, and compliance with international norms.

8. Which company has been recently (in November ‘24) selected as one of Forbes India’s “Select
200 Companies with Large Global Business Potential” at the D Globalist Entrepreneur Mobility
Summit (DGEMS) 2024 in New Delhi, Delhi?
1) Capgemini Technology Services India Limited
2) Magellanic Cloud Limited
3) Appuonline Consultancy Services Private Limited
4) Algo One Ai Private Limited
5) Octanom Tech Private Limited
Answer- 5) Octanom Tech Private Limited
Explanation:
In November 2024, Mumbai(Maharashtra) based Octanom Tech Private Limited, a leader in
financial technology innovation, has been named to Forbes India’s “Select 200 Companies with
Large Global Business Potential” at the D Globalist Entrepreneur Mobility Summit (DGEMS) 2024
in New Delhi(Delhi).
• This accolade is expected to accelerate Octanom Tech’s global growth, paving the way for new
partnerships and reinforcing its leadership in financial technology innovation.
• Octanom Tech’s flagship platform, Hedged.in, is India’s first “Hedged Style” trading solution,
empowering traders with low-risk, structured products designed to safeguard against market
downturns and volatility.

9. Which infantry battalions have been recently (in November ‘24) awarded the “President’s
Colours” from General Upendra Dwivedi, Chief of Army Staff (COAS)?
1) Light infantry
2) Naval infantry
3) Airborne infantry
4) Mechanized infantry
5) Mountain infantry
Answer- 4) Mechanized infantry
Explanation:
In November 2024, General Upendra Dwivedi, Chief of Army Staff (COAS) awarded the “President’s
Colours” to 4 battalions of the Mechanised Infantry at a ceremony held at the Mechanised Infantry
Centre and School (MIC&S) in Ahilyanagar (earlier known as Ahmednagar), Maharashtra.
• The 26th and 27th Battalions of the Mechanised Infantry Regiment along with the 20th and
22nd Battalions of the Brigade of the Guards received this honour in recognition of their
exemplary service and commitment to the nation.
• The President’s Colours, a symbolic flag representing a unit’s achievements acknowledge
the battalions’ distinguished performance in key operations such as Op Pawan, Op Vijay, Op
Rakshak, Op Snow Leopard and UN (United Nations) peacekeeping missions.
• The President’s Colour Award, also known as the “Nishaan,” is the highest honor that can
be conferred upon a military unit in India.
• It is a prestigious emblem worn by all unit officers on the left sleeve of their uniform
symbolizing exceptional service and distinction.

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10. Who was recently (in November ‘24) honored with the ‘Rochdale Pioneers Award 2024’ by
the International Cooperative Alliance (ICA) in recognition of the significant contributions to
advancing the cooperative sector in India?
1) Verghese Kurien
2) Dr. Udai Shanker Awasthi
3) Dileep Sanghani
4) Rajendra Singh
5) Balvir Singh
Answer- 2) Dr. Udai Shanker Awasthi
Explanation:
Dr. Udai Shanker Awasthi, Managing Director (MD) and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Indian
Farmers Fertiliser Cooperative Limited (IFFCO), was honored with the ‘Rochdale Pioneers Award
2024’ by the International Cooperative Alliance (ICA) in recognition of his significant contributions to
advancing the cooperative sector in India.
• Ariel Guarco, ICA president presented the award to Awasthi during the ICA Global Conference
2024 in New Delhi, Delhi.
• Awasthi is the 2nd Indian to receive the award after Verghese Kurien, the Father of the white
revolution honored in 2001.
• In December 2024, Dr US Awasthi was also honoured with ‘Fertilizer Man of India’ during the
8th National Convention of Sahakar Bharati at Amritsar, Punjab.

11. Who will be conferred with the Indira Gandhi Prize for Peace, Disarmament and
Development for 2024 in recognition of the exemplary contributions to human rights, peace,
and equality?
1) Veronica Michelle Bachelet Jeria
2) Sir David Attenborough
3) Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
4) Daniel Barenboim
5) Ali Abu Awwad
Answer- 1) Veronica Michelle Bachelet Jeria
Explanation:
On December 6, 2024, the Indira Gandhi Memorial Trust announced that Former President of Chile,
Veronica Michelle Bachelet Jeria will be conferred the Indira Gandhi Prize for Peace,
Disarmament and Development for 2024 in recognition of her exemplary contributions to human
rights, peace, and equality.
• Michelle Bachelet was selected by the International Jury of the Indira Gandhi Memorial Trust,
chaired by Shivshankar Menon, former Foreign Secretary and National Security Advisor
(NSA).
• She has strongly advocated for gender equality and the rights of the most vulnerable sections
of the population globally.
• Michelle Bachelet has served as the President of Chile for two-terms (from 2006-2010 and
2014-2018). She was the 1st female to hold the post of Presidency of Chile.
• She became the 1st inaugural Director of United Nations (UN) Women, an organisation
dedicated to fighting for the rights of women and girls internationally, from 2010 to 2013.

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 • Indira Gandhi Prize for Peace is an annual prestigious award which recognizes the
contributions of individuals or organisations for promoting international peace and
disarmament.
• The recipient of the award receives a monetary award of Rs 25 lakh along with a citation. Click
here to read more.

12. Which word was recently (in December ‘24) chosen as the Word of the Year 2024 by
Merriam-Webster?
1) Totality
2) Allision
3) Authentic
4) Polarization
5) Brain Rot
Answer- 4) Polarization
Explanation:
On December 10 2024, the word “polarization” was announced as Merriam-Webster Word of the
Year 2024.
• This term gained attraction in 2024, especially during the United States of America(USA)
presidential election, which underscored the growing divide in political opinions and
beliefs.
• Other words that stood out in the data in 2024 are demure,’ ‘totality’ and ‘allision’.
• Polarization, defined as “division into two sharply distinct opposites,” often describes the
extreme political, cultural and ideological divides in the USA and globally.
• The word “authentic” was Merriam-Webster’s word of the year for 2023.

13. Who has recently (in December ‘24) awarded with the ‘2024 Champions of the Earth
Award’ by the United Nations (UN)
1) J. S. Singh
2) Madhav Gadgil
3) Raman Sukumar
4) Uma Ramakrishnan
5) Harini Nagendra
Answer- 2) Madhav Gadgil
Explanation:
In December 2024, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) announced the winners of
the ‘2024 Champions of the Earth Award’, the UN’s highest environmental honor to recognize
individuals and organizations making extraordinary contributions to environmental protection,
focusing on combating land degradation, drought, and desertification.
• This year, nominations focused on finding champions who are restoring degraded land,
increasing drought resilience and preventing desertification.
• Veteran Indian ecologist Madhav Gadgil was awarded with the Champions of Earth award
by the United Nations (UN). He is among the six awardees who have been bestowed the
honour for their respective contributions in the field of conservation and environmental
protection.

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 • The winners were announced at the 16th Session of the Conference of the Parties (COP16)
to the UN Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD), held in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
• Madhav Gadgil, a distinguished ecologist, academic, and writer from India, was honored in
the Lifetime Achievement category for his tireless commitment to safeguarding both
people and the planet.
• He is particularly celebrated for his groundbreaking research in India’s Western Ghats, a
unique biodiversity hotspot. Click here to read more.

14. Which state police has been recently (i n December ‘24) awarded the inaugural Federation
of Indian Chambers of Commerce & Industry (FICCI) Drone Award in the “Training and
Capacity Building” category?
1) Punjab
2) Haryana
3) Karnataka
4) Maharashtra
5) West Bengal
Answer- 3) Karnataka
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Karnataka State Police (KSP) was awarded the inaugural Federation of Indian
Chambers of Commerce & Industry (FICCI) Drone Award in the “Training and Capacity Building”
category in Bengaluru, Karnataka.
• This award, instituted by the FICCI to recognize the innovative use of drone technology by
government and private organizations.
• The KSP was recognised for its Remote Pilot Training Institute (RPTI) which was
established in 2023 under the Centre for Counter Terrorism, Internal Security Division
(ISD).
• The RPTI aims to enhance police personnel’s expertise in drone operations, covering areas
such as surveillance, mapping, vehicle tracking and disaster management.
• Since its inception, 270 police officers have been trained with 170 obtaining drone licenses
in line with Ministry of Civil Aviation (MCA) regulations.

15. Who has recently (in December ‘24) won the “2024 Women’s Tennis Association (WTA)
Player of the Year Award”?
1) Jasmine Paolini
2) Emma Navarro
3) Aryna Sabalenka
4) Lulu Sun
5) Sara Errani
Answer- 3) Aryna Sabalenka
Explanation:
In December 2024, Belarusian tennis player Aryna Sabalenka, currently ranked world No. 1 in
singles, was honoured with the ‘2024 Women’s Tennis Association (WTA) Player of the Year Award’,
taking the crown for the 1st time in her career. She has won 23 career titles, 17 in singles and 6 in
doubles.

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 • WTA has announced the 2024 WTA Player Award winners including 5 Players Awards and 3
Player Service Awards.
• The WTA celebrated the standout performers of 2024 during WTA Awards Week, held from
December 9-13, 2024.
• Aryna Sabalenka has won 3 singles titles at the 2023 & 2024 Australian Opens, and the 2024
United States (US) Open and 2 doubles titles at the 2019 US Open and the 2021 Australian
Open.
• She has won 23 career titles, 17 in singles and 6 in doubles.
• Along with her Grand Slam success, she won titles in Cincinnati (USA) and Wuhan (China),
bringing her total to 4 titles for the year.
• Jasmine Paolini & Sara Errani – Doubles Team of the Year WTA 2024
• Emma Navarro – Most Improved Player WTA 2024
• Lulu Sun – Newcomer of the Year WTA 2024
• Paula Badosa – Comeback Player of the Year WTA 2024 Click here to read more.

16. Match the following according to the persons who received the awards by TIME Magazine
in December 2024.
Person Award Category

i) Donald Trump (a) Athlete of the Year

ii) Lisa Tzwu-Fang Su (b) Person of the Year

iii) Caitlin Clark (c) CEO of the Year

1) i – (b); ii – (c); iii – (a)
2) i – (a); ii – (b); iii – (c)
3) i – (c); ii – (a); iii – (b)
4) i – (c); ii – (b); iii – (a)
5) i – (b); ii – (a); iii – (c)
Answer- 1) i – (b); ii – (c); iii – (a)
Explanation:
On December 12 2024, New York (the United States of America (USA))–based TIME magazine, named
US President-elect Donald Trump as its Person of the Year for 2024, recognising his deep influence
on American politics and the country’s role in the world.
• He was previously named TIME’s Person of the Year in 2016.
• The other world personalities short listed as finalists, including: Elon Musk, Chief Executive
Officer (CEO) of Tesla; Benjamin Netanyahu, Prime Minister (PM) of Israel; Kate Middleton,
the Princess of Wales, US Vice President Kamala Harris, among others.
• Caitlin Clark (22 years-old), an American basketball player has been named as the TIME
Magazine’s Athlete of the Year for 2024.
• Lisa Tzwu-Fang Su (55 years old), CEO and Chair of California (the USA)-based Advanced Micro
Devices Inc.(AMD), a semiconductor design company has been named as the TIME Magazine’s
CEO of the Year for 2024.

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 • Since 1927, TIME magazine has been naming “Person of the Year” title (which was previously
named as ‘Man of the Year’ till 1999), recognizing a person/ a group/ movement that shaped
the world for better or worse in the last 12 months. Click here to read more.

17. In December 2024, The Hon’ble President of India Droupadi Murmu conferred National
Panchayat Awards 2024 upon 45 awardees including 42 Panchayats and 3 Capacity Building
Institutes organised by the Ministry of Rural Development.
Which among the following is ‘not’ the award category in the National Panchayat Awards 2024?
1) Deen Dayal Upadhyay Panchayat Satat Vikas Puraskar
2) Gram Urja Swaraj Vishesh Panchayat Puraskar
3) Carbon Neutral Vishesh Panchayat Puraskar
4) Panchayat Kshamta Nirmaan Sarvottam Sansthan Puraskar
5) Swachh Gram Panchayat Puraskar
Answer- 5) Swachh Gram Panchayat Puraskar
Explanation:
On December 11 2024, The Hon’ble President of India Droupadi Murmu conferred National
Panchayat Awards 2024 upon 45 awardees including 42 Panchayats and 3 Capacity Building
Institutes, selected across different categories for their outstanding contributions to sustainable and
inclusive development.
• The event was organised by the Ministry of Rural Development (MoR) at Vigyan Bhawan in
New Delhi, Delhi.
• These awards are conferred annually by the MoPR since 2011 to acknowledge and incentivize
the best-performing Panchayats across the country.
• These awards are organised annually on 24th April (National Panchayati Raj Day) to
commemorate the enactment of the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992.
• These Awards recognises the efforts of those Panchayats which excels across 9 thematic areas
like: Poverty-free and enhanced livelihoods Panchayat; healthy Panchayat; child-friendly
Panchayat; water-sufficient Panchayat; clean and green Panchayat; self-sufficient
infrastructure Panchayat; Panchayat with good governance; women friendly Panchayat and
Socially Just and secured Panchayat.
• The winners are broadly classified into 5 main categories, with main focus on recognizing
grassroots governance, social inclusion, and environmental sustainability.
• This year total 1.94 lakh GPs participated in the competition. Among 42 award-winning
Panchayats, 42% are being led by women. Click here to read more.

18. Which of the following points is/are ‘correct’ with respect to the 2024 UNESCO Asia-Pacific
Awards for Cultural Heritage Conservation in December 2024 in Bangkok, Thailand?
A) Inari-yu Bathhouse Restoration Project in Tokyo Japan, has won the Award of Excellence,
the highest honour of UNESCO heritage awards.
B) Abathsahayeswarar Temple in Tamil Nadu (TN) received “Award of Distinction”.
C) Sir Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Parsee Charitable Institution (BJPCI Conservation Project) in
Maharashtra received “Award of Merit”.
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C
3) Only B & C

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4) Only C
5) All A, B & C
Answer- 5) All A, B & C
Explanation:
On December 6 2024, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO)
announced the winners of 2024 UNESCO Asia-Pacific Awards for Cultural Heritage Conservation
also known as Heritage Awards at its regional office in Bangkok, Thailand (UNESCO Bangkok).
• This year total 8 projects from 5 different countries of Asia-Pacific region: India (2), Thailand
(1), China (3), New Zealand (1) and Japan (1) were honored with UNESCO’s prestigious
Heritage awards.
• Inari-yu Bathhouse Restoration Project in Tokyo Japan, has won the Award of Excellence,
the highest honour of UNESCO heritage awards.
• Total 2 projects from India were honoured with two different heritage awards:
Abathsahayeswarar Temple in Tamil Nadu (TN) received “Award of Distinction” and Sir
Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Parsee Charitable Institution (BJPCI Conservation Project) in
Maharashtra received “Award of Merit”.
• Abathsahayeswarar Temple is a 1,300-year old temple located in Thukkatchi in Thanjavur
district, TN.
• It is believed that the temple was constructed by King Vikram Chola and King Kulothunga
Chola of the Chola Empire.
• BJPCI Conservation Project was founded by Sir Byramjee Jeejeebhoy in 1891.The school
building was formally established in 1908 in Mumbai, Maharashtra, designed in Gothic Revival
Style.
• It was originally designed by Khan Bahadur Muncherji C Murzban, renowned builder known
for making landmark public buildings.
• The restoration of over-century old BJPCI is led by Mumbai-based conservation architect Vikas
Dilawari, who has been associated with this project since 1989.
• UNESCO Asia-Pacific Awards for Cultural Heritage Conservation were established in 2000.
• UNESCO introduced a new award named “Award of Special Recognition for Sustainable
Development” in 2020. The main purpose of this award is to recognise the contribution of
cultural heritage to sustainable development. Click here to read more.

19. Which airline has recently (in December ‘24) received two distinguished global accolades
for its ongoing transformation and dedication to service excellence?
1) Akasa Air
2) Air India Limited
3) SpiceJet
4) IndiGo
5) Vistara
Answer- 2) Air India Limited
Explanation:
In December 2024, Air India Limited, India’s leading airline based in New Delhi (Delhi), received two
distinguished global accolades, highlighting its ongoing transformation and dedication to service
excellence.

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 • The airline’s Vista Verve in-flight product was honoured with the Good Design Award
Australia 2024, recognising its outstanding innovation and design.
• Air India also won three APEX Awards at the Future Travel Experience (FTE) Awards in
Singapore, highlighting its leadership in global passenger experiences
• Good Design Award Australia 2024: This award recognizes the innovation and design
excellence of the airline’s Vista Verve in-flight product, which features exclusive tableware,
Slovakian lead-free glassware, and luxurious linens with premium mattress toppers.
• At the Future Travel Experience (FTE) Awards in Singapore, Air India garnered three
distinguished APEX Awards, further solidifying its reputation for exceptional global service.

20. Which among the following words is chosen as the Word of the Year 2024 by Oxford
University?
1) Demure
2) Lore
3) Romantasy
4) Brain rot
5) Delulu
Answer- 4) Brain rot
Explanation:
In December 2024, Oxford University Press (OUP) selected ‘Brain rot,’ a noun (n), which refers to the
deterioration of a person’s mental or intellectual state, often attributed to the overconsumption of
content that is seen as trivial or intellectually unchallenging as the Oxford Word of the Year for 2024.
• Other shortlisted words include Demure, Dynamic Pricing, Lore, Romantasy, and slop.
• The term highlights growing concerns about the impact of consuming excessive, trivial
online content, particularly on social media, and its effect on mental health.
• The term ‘brain rot’ was first recorded in 1854 in Henry David Thoreau’s book Walden.
Thoreau used it to describe the mental stagnation he observed in those who were
disconnected from nature.

21. Who was honored with the 2024 Jamsetji Tata award by the Indian Society for Quality (ISQ)
at the ISQ Annual Conference 2024 recently held (in December ‘24) in Bengaluru, Karnataka?
1) Narayana Murthy
2) Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw
3) Ratan Tata
4) Sundar Pichai
5) Satya Nadella
Answer- 2) Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw
Explanation:
In December 2024, Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw, Chairperson of Biocon Group, was conferred the 2024
Jamsetji Tata award by the Indian Society for Quality (ISQ) at ISQ Annual Conference 2024 held in
Bengaluru, Karnataka.
i.This award was presented to her for being a pioneer in the bioscience movement in India since 1978,
a first-generation entrepreneur to establish Biocon Limited and associated companies to serve
customers in India and across the world.

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ii.She received the award from Janak Kumar Mehta, President of ISQ and Chairman and Managing
Director (CMD), TQM International.
iii.She has been awarded with two of India’s highest civilian honours, the Padma Shri in 1989 and the
Padma Bhushan in 2005.
iv.She was honoured with the Othmer Gold Medal by the U.S.-based Chemical Heritage Foundation in
2014.
v.The Jamsetji Tata Award was instituted in 2004 by ISQ. It honors business leaders who made
significant contributions to Indian society.
vi.This award is named after Jamsetji Tata, who is known as the ‘Father of Modern Indian
Industry’.

22. Which of the following points is/are ‘correct’ with respect to the winners of the Sahitya
Akademi Awards 2024 announced by Sahitya Akademi, under the Ministry of Culture in
December 2024?
A) Sahitya Akademi announced the winners of the Sahitya Akademi Awards 2024 in 24 Indian
languages (including English).
B) The award consists of a casket with an engraved copper plaque, a shawl, and a cash prize of
Rs. 1 lakh.
C) Aron Raja's book Swrni Thakhai written in Bodo language won the Sahitya Akademi Award
2024 in the novel category.
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C
3) Only B & C
4) Only C
5) All A, B & C
Answer- 3) Only B & C
Explanation:
On December 18 2024, the Sahitya Akademi, under the Ministry of Culture announced the winners of
the Sahitya Akademi Awards 2024 in 21 Indian languages (including English). The award winners
were selected based on recommendations made by a Jury of three members in the concerned
languages.
• The awards for Bengali, Dogri and Urdu language will be announced at a later date.
• The award ceremony will be held on International Women’s Day, March 8 2025 at Kamani
Auditorium, New Delhi (Delhi).
• The winners of the Sahitya Akademi Awards 2024 include 8 books of Poetry, 3 Novels, 2 short
stories, 3 Essays, 3 Literary Criticism, 1 Play and 1 Research.
• Aron Raja's book Swrni Thakhai written in Bodo language won the Sahitya Akademi Award
2024 in the novel category.
• The award consists of a casket with an engraved copper plaque, a shawl, and a cash prize of
Rs. 1 lakh.
• The Sahitya Akademi Award is the 2nd-highest literary honor in India, following the Jnanpith
Award.
• The award was established by the Government of India (GoI) in 1954, the Sahitya Akademi is
India’s National Academy of Letters.

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 • The Akademi works to preserve and promote literature in 24 Indian languages (including the
22 languages listed in the 8th Schedule of the Indian Constitution, along with English and
Rajasthani) through awards, fellowships, grants, publications, and other initiatives. Click here
to read more.

23. In December 2024, the Employees’ State Insurance Corporation (ESIC) under the Ministry
of Labour and Employment, Government of India, has bagged four awards at the Regional
Social Security Forum for Asia and Pacific (RSSF Asia-Pacific) in __________________.
1) Tokyo, Japan
2) Bangkok, Thailand
3) Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
4) Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
5) Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Answer- 3) Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Explanation:
The Employees’ State Insurance Corporation (ESIC), statutory social security body under the Ministry
of Labour and Employment, Government of India, has bagged four awards at the Regional Social
Security Forum for Asia and Pacific (RSSF Asia-Pacific) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
• The RSSF Asia-Pacific was organized by the International Social Security Association (ISSA).
• ESIC has been awarded one certificate of merit with special mention from the jury for its
mobile application (Ask An Appointment – AAA+) and three certificates of merit for
Occupational Accident and Disease, Sustainable Investment and System Resilience.
• The ESIC ‘Ask an Appointment’ (AAA+) mobile app, available on both Android and iOS,
caters to insured individuals, beneficiaries, staff, and ESI pensioners. It supports 8
languages, including English, Hindi, and six regional languages.

24. Which of the following points is/are ‘correct’ with respect to the FIFA (Fédération
Internationale de Football Association) Football Awards ceremony 2024 held in Doha, Qatar on
17th December 2024?
A) Emiliano Martinez(Argentina) won the Best FIFA Men’s Player of the Year Award for his
exceptional contributions in 2024.
B) Aitana Bonmatí (Spain) won the FIFA Women’s Player of the Year Award for her crucial role
in Barcelona’s domestic treble and their Champions League success.
C) A new award has been introduced for Women’s football. The award has been named after
Marta Vieira da Silva, who has retired from professional football after 20 years of excellent
service for Women’s football.
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C
3) Only B & C
4) Only C
5) All A, B & C
Answer- 3) Only B & C
Explanation:
The Best FIFA (Fédération Internationale de Football Association) Football Awards ceremony 2024
was held in Doha, Qatar, on 17 December 2024.

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 • Vinicius Junior (Brazil) won the Best FIFA Men’s Player 2024 Award for his exceptional
contributions in 2024.
• Aitana Bonmati (Spain) won the Best FIFA Women’s Player 2024 Award for the second
consecutive year. Her crucial role in Barcelona’s domestic treble and their Champions League
success, alongside her performances for Spain, solidified her position as the best in women’s
football.
• This year, a new award has been introduced for Women’s football. The award has been named
after Marta Vieira da Silva, who has retired from professional football after 20 years of
excellent service for Women’s football.
• Marta Vieira da Silva (Brazil) received the inaugural Marta Award, celebrating the best goal
in women’s football. The award is given to the female footballer, who scored the best goal in
the concerned calendar year.
• Alejandro Garnacho (Argentina) won the Puskas Award for the best goal of 2024 for his
breathtaking overhead kick for Manchester United FC against Everton (North Liverpool) in
November 2023.
• Carlo Ancelotti (Italy)- Best Men’s Coach of the Year for guiding Real Madrid CF to a league
and Champions League doubles.
• Emma Hayes (USA) – Best Women’s Coach of the Year as she led Chelsea FC to a 5th
consecutive (2020,2021,2022,2023,2024) Women’s Super League title.
• Emiliano Martinez (Argentina)- Best Men’s goalkeeper of the Year.
• Alyssa Naeher (USA) – Best Women’s goalkeeper of the Year. Click here to read more.

25. Who has recently (in December ‘24) won the 34th Vyas Samman 2024 in recognition of the
novel “Kaun Des Ko Vasi: Venu Ki Diary” which was published in 2018?
1) Suryabala
2) Sunita Jain
3) Asghar Wajahat
4) Pushpa Bharathi
5) Gyan Chaturvedi
Answer- 1) Suryabala
Explanation:
Hindi writer Suryabala has been chosen for the 34th Vyas Samman 2024 in recognition of her novel
“Kaun Des Ko Vasi: Venu Ki Diary” which was published in 2018.
• This Hindi novel explores how Indian youth see America as a land of opportunity, the
challenges they face when moving there, the temptations they encounter, and the cultural
conflicts they experience.
• Suryabala, born in 1943 in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh(UP). Throughout her extensive career, she
has authored more than 50 novels, biographies, and children’s stories, many of which have
been adapted into television serials.
• Noted works: Dikshanta (1992), Mere sandi-patra (2003) and Dishaheen (2010).
• Awards: In 2019, she was honored with the Bharat Bharti, the highest literary award from the
UP Hindi Sansthan.
• The Vyas Samman is a prestigious literary award presented annually by the K.K. Birla
Foundation to honors outstanding Hindi literary works published in the last 10 years.

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 • The first Vyas Samman was awarded in 1991 to Dr. Ram Vilas Sharma for his work Bharat ke
Pracheen Bhasha aur Hindi.
• The award includes a cash prize of Rs 4 lakh, along with a citation and a plaque.

26. Who were recently (in December ‘24) honored with knighthood and damehood by King
Charles III for their contributions to the film industry?
1) Martin Scorsese and Thelma Schoonmaker
2) Steven Spielberg and Kate Capshaw
3) Tom Hanks and Rita Wilson
4) Christopher Nolan and Emma Thomas
5) James Cameron and Suzy Amis
Answer- 4) Christopher Nolan and Emma Thomas
Explanation:
In December 2024, Oscar award winning filmmaker Christopher Nolan and his wife, Emma Thomas
were honored with royal honors ‘knighthood’ and ‘damehood’, respectively, by King Charles III for
their remarkable contributions to the film industry in a ceremony held at Buckingham Palace in
London, the United Kingdom (UK).
• The couple has worked together on numerous blockbuster films since 1997 through their
Syncopy production company.
• An honor knighthood is a title bestowed upon men and an honor damehood is a title
bestowed upon women.
• Christopher Nolan, the director of Oppenheimer, Inception, and Interstellar has earned global
recognition for his visionary film making.
• Emma Thomas has worked as a producer on all of his films, including Memento (2000),
Batman Begins (2005) and The Prestige (2006).
• Christopher Nolan and his wife, Emma Thomas are best known for their successful
collaborations on films such as: Insomnia (2002), The Dark Knight Trilogy (2008-2012),
Inception (2010), Interstellar (2014), Dunkirk (2017), Tenet (2020) and Oppenheimer (2023).
• Their work has received critical acclaim, with ‘Oppenheimer’ winning 7 Academy Awards,
including ‘Best Picture’ and grossing over USD 976 million worldwide.
• In March 2024, Christopher Nolan received his 1st Oscar for “Best Director for the film”
Oppenheimer, which stars Cillian Murphy at the 96th Academy Awards.
• Emma Thomas is the first British female producer to win the Oscar for Best Picture for
Christopher Nolan’s biographical thriller Oppenheimer.

27. Which organization has recently (in December ‘24) honored the Ram Temple project in
Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh (UP), with the ‘Sword of Honour’ award?
1) World Safety Organization
2) National Safety Council
3) British Safety Council
4) International Labour Organization
5) Occupational Safety and Health Administration
Answer- 3) British Safety Council

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Explanation:
The Ram Temple project in Ayodhya (Uttar Pradesh, UP), has recently been honoured with the ‘Sword
of Honour‘ award by the British Safety Council (BSC). This project is being designed and constructed
by Larsen and Toubro Limited(L&T).
i.The Sword of Honour is awarded only to projects with a five-star safety rating, setting a standard for
excellence in safety management within the construction industry.
ii.It demonstrates the project team’s commitment to upholding exceptional safety standards
throughout the construction process.
iii.The temple, built in the traditional Nagar style, spans 380 feet (east-west) by 250 feet and rises to a
height of 161 feet. The structure includes 392 pillars and 44 doors, with an imposing east-facing
entrance that features 32 steps.
iv.The temple is being constructed with approximately 15 lakh cubic feet of Bansi Paharpur stone
from Rajasthan, and its marble cladding enhances its visual appeal, making it a remarkable
architectural achievement.
v.The temple showcases intricate architectural designs by artist Vasudev Kamath and architects
Sompura and Jay Kaktikar, with contributions from institutions like Central Building Research
Institute (CBRI) and Tata Consulting Engineers (TCE) enhancing the temple’s structural integrity.
vi.The construction of the Ram temple project scheduled to be finished by June 2025.
Note: L&T was previously awarded the ‘Golden Trophy’ by the National Safety Council (NSC) in
recognition of their effective safety measures during construction.

28. The Intermodal Terminal (IMT) at Kalughat in Bihar, developed by _________ has recently (in
December ‘24) awarded a five-star SVAGRIHA (Simple Versatile Affordable GRIHA) rating by
the Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment (GRIHA) Council for environmental
sustainability.
1) National Highways Authority of India
2) Inland Waterways Authority of India
3) National Water Development Agency
4) Central Public Works Department
5) Shipping Corporation of India
Answer- 2) Inland Waterways Authority of India
Explanation:
The Intermodal Terminal (IMT) at Kalughat in Bihar, developed by the Inland Waterways Authority of
India (IWAI), has been awarded a five-star SVAGRIHA (Simple Versatile Affordable GRIHA) rating by
the Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment (GRIHA) Council for maintaining environmental
sustainability through the use of recyclable materials during the construction of the terminal.
i.The terminal is made under World Bank funded Jal Marg Vikas Project (JMVP) for capacity expansion
of National Waterway 1 (NW-1) – River Ganga.
ii.It has been built at a cost of Rs. 82.48 crore with a capacity of 77,000 TEU (Twenty-foot Equivalent
Unit) per annum to transport cargo to and from North Bihar while also providing connectivity to
Nepal for exporting and importing cargo.
Note:
The award was received by Arvind Kumar, Director, JMVP along with Manish Tiwari, Specialist
(Environment Impact Assessment), JMVP and J J Patel, Project Manager, Sanjay Construction Company
– the contractor agency.

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About SWAGRIHA Rating:
SVAGRIHA rating is a joint venture of Ministry of New and Renewable Energy and Delhi-based The
Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) which recognizes the environmentally sustainable practices of
IWAI in making IWT infrastructure.

29. Which state’s initiative, ‘Shasan Aplya Dari’ (‘Government at Your Doorstep’), won the
SKOCH Award for excellence in citizen-focused governance and efficient public service
delivery?
1) Gujarat
2) Rajasthan
3) Maharashtra
4) Karnataka
5) Madhya Pradesh
Answer- 3) Maharashtra
Explanation:
Maharashtra government’s initiative ‘Shasan Aplya Dari’ (‘Government at Your Doorstep) has won the
SKOCH Award for its excellence in citizen-focused governance and commitment to deliver efficient
public services.
i.The programme was chosen from amongst 280 projects across various categories nationwide.
ii.Over 5 crore benefits were delivered to the doorsteps of the citizens in the initiative.
iii.The initiative was implemented by the Chief Minister’s Public Welfare Cell.

30. REC Limited (Rural Electrification Corporation Limited) has recently (in December ‘24)
awarded the Golden Peacock Award 2024 for Excellence in _________ for maintaining
transparency, accountability, and ethical business practices.
1) Environmental Sustainability
2) Financial Management
3) Customer Service
4) Corporate Governance
5) Innovation
Answer- 4) Corporate Governance
Explanation:
REC Limited (Rural Electrification Corporation Limited), a Maharatna Central Public Sector
Undertaking (CPSU) under the Ministry of Power and a leading non-banking financial company
(NBFC), has been awarded with the prestigious Golden Peacock Award 2024 for Excellence in
Corporate Governance for maintaining transparency, accountability, and ethical business practices.
i.The award was presented by the Golden Peacock Awards Secretariat and Institute of Directors in a
ceremony held in London, United Kingdom (UK).
ii.REC has won the award in Power (Financial Services) category.

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31. Which of the following points is/are ‘correct’ with respect to the 100th edition of the
Tansen Sangeet Samaroh held in December 2024?
A) The 100th edition of the Tansen Sangeet Samaroh, one of India’s most celebrated classical
music festivals, was held from December 15 to 19, 2024 in Mumbai, Maharashtra.
B) The event honored tabla player Padma Shri Pandit Swapan Chaudhuri with the ‘Rashtriya
Tansen Samman 2023’
C) It honored Indore’s Sanand Nyas Institution with the ‘Raja Mansingh Tomar Samman 2023’.
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C
3) Only B & C
4) Only C
5) All A, B & C
Answer- 3) Only B & C
Explanation:
The 100th edition of the Tansen Sangeet Samaroh, one of India’s most celebrated classical music
festivals, was held from December 15 to 19, 2024 in Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh (MP). The
Department of Culture, MP organizes the music festival, with Dharmendra Singh, the Culture Minister
of MP, serving as the chief guest at the award function.
• The event honored tabla player Padma Shri Pandit Swapan Chaudhuri with the ‘Rashtriya
Tansen Samman 2023’ and Indore’s Sanand Nyas Institution with the ‘Raja Mansingh
Tomar Samman 2023’. The awards recognize their contributions to Indian classical music and
cultural preservation.
• Sanand Nyas President Jayant Madhav Bhise and Secretary Sanjeev Babikar accepted the
award on behalf of the institution.
• Pandit Swapan Chaudhuri was born in 1945 in Kolkata, West Bengal(WB). He is a renowned
Indian tabla player.
• In 1996, he received the Sangeet Natak Academy Award and in 2019 he was honored with the
Padma Shri in the field of Art-Music-Tabla.
• Rashtriya Tansen Samman established in 1980 by the MP Government, it is the highest
national music award in the field of Indian classical music.
• The award comprises a cash prize of Rs.5 lakhs along with a citation plaque.
• Raja Mansingh Tomar Samman award recognizes outstanding contributions to Indian
classical music, drama, and cultural events.
• The award carries a cash prize of Rs 5 lakh along with a citation plaque.

32. In December 2024, Union Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw, Ministry of Railways (MoR), Ministry
of Information and Broadcasting (MoI&B) and Ministry of Electronics and Information
Technology (MeitY) conferred “_____ Ati Vishisht Rail Seva Puraskar (AVRSP 2024) to _______
Railway officials and 22 shields to the best-performing Railway Zones in New Delhi, Delhi.
1) 70th, 100
2) 69th, 101
3) 68th, 102
4) 67th, 103
5) 66th, 104
Answer- 2) 69th, 101

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Explanation:
In December 2024, Union Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw, Ministry of Railways(MoR), Ministry of
Information and Broadcasting(MoI&B) and Ministry of Electronics and Information
Technology(MeitY), conferred “69th Ati Vishisht Rail Seva Puraskar (AVRSP 2024) to 101 Railway
officials and 22 shields to the best-performing Railway Zones in Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi
(Delhi).
• The theme for this year’s ceremony was “Mai Hoon Bhartiya Rail,” symbolizing pride and
dedication to the Indian Railways.
• The Ati Vishisht Rail Seva Puraskar was conferred to employees for outstanding
performance. These awards are given into two categories, the individual awards and Shields
presented to the best-performing Railway Zones.
• Innovation and Productivity Enhancement:15 employees and officers honored for
driving innovation and improving productivity towards reducing import dependency and
promoting indigenous technology.
• Bravery and Selflessness in Safeguarding Lives:16 employees recognized for exceptional
bravery in protecting lives and Railway property in ensuring the safety of passengers and
staff.
• Operational Excellence and Security:22 employees celebrated for excellence in
operations, safety, and asset protection.
• Record-Breaking Project Completion:16 officers recognized for completing Railway
projects within record time.

33. Which country has recently (in December ‘24) awarded its ‘Medal of Efficiency’ to Dr.Ravi
Pillai, founder and the chairman of Dubai based RP Groups of Company at an event in Dubai,
United Arab Emirates (UAE)?
1) Iran
2) Kuwait
3) Bahrain
4) Lebanon
5) Saudi Arabia
Answer- 3) Bahrain
Explanation:
In December 2024, Dr.Ravi Pillai, a prominent Indian businessman, founder and the chairman of
Dubai based RP Groups of Company, was awarded Bahrain’s ‘Medal of Efficiency’(First Class) by the
King of Bahrain, Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa at a ceremony held in Dubai,United Arab Emirates (UAE). He
was the 1st foreign national to receive this distinguished honor.
• He was awarded for his significant contributions in areas such as refinery operations, local
community development and bolstering Bahrain’s global standing.
• The Medal of Efficiency is Bahrain’s highest national award, recognizing individuals for their
exceptional contributions to the country’s progress and development.
• Ravi Pillai was awarded the ‘Pravasi Bharatiya Samman Award (PBSA)’ by the Government
of India (GoI) in 2008.
• In 2010, he was awarded ‘Padma Shri’ (India 4th highest civilian honour) for his
distinguished service.
• In 2015, Arabian Business ranked him as the 4th most powerful Indian in the Middle East.

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34. Who has been recently (in December ‘24) honored with the ‘Bura Marp’ (red scarf) and
‘Patang’ (ceremonial sword) by Bhutan’s King Jigme Khesar Namgyel at the 117th Bhutanese
National Day celebrations in Thimphu, Bhutan?
1) Arun Kapur
2) Safeena Husain
3) Anil Pradhan
4) Anand Kumar
5) Omprakash Mishra
Answer- 1) Arun Kapur
Explanation:
In December 2024, Renowned Indian educationist Arun Kapur, known for establishing schools across
India, Bhutan and Oman has been honored with the ‘Bura Marp’ (red scarf) and ‘Patang’ (ceremonial
sword) by Bhutan’s King Jigme Khesar Namgyel at the 117th Bhutanese National Day celebrations at
Changlimithang stadium in Thimphu, Bhutan.
• This honor is rarely bestowed upon non-Bhutanese residents, and also grants Kapur the
title of ‘Dasho’.
• He currently serves as the Director at The Druk Gyalpo’s Institute, Bhutan.
• He was previously awarded the ‘Druk Thuksey’ in 2019 for establishing The Royal
Academy School and in developing the Bhutan Baccalaureate educational system.
• He headed Vasant Valley School in New Delhi, Delhi for 29 years until April 2020.

35. Who has been recently (in December ‘24) honoured with the Sri Chandrasekarendra
Saraswathi National Eminence Award for Public Leadership from the South Indian Education
Society (SIES)?
1) Narendra Modi
2) Piyush Goyal
3) Dharmendra Pradhan
4) Nirmala Sitharaman
5) Subrahmanyam Jaishankar
Answer- 5) Subrahmanyam Jaishankar
Explanation:
In December 2024, Union Minister Subrahmanyam Jaishankar, Ministry of External Affairs (MEA),
was awarded the Sri Chandrasekarendra Saraswathi National Eminence Award for Public
Leadership from the South Indian Education Society (SIES), one of India’s oldest educational societies,
headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra.
• The award is named after Mahaswami Sri Chandrasekarendra Saraswathi, also known
as Maha Periyavar, a revered spiritual leader and the “Sage of Kancheepuram.”
• The Award is an annual recognition presented by the SIES to individuals who have made
outstanding contributions in their respective fields.

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 SUMMITS, CONFERENCES
1. Who has recently (in November ‘24) inaugurated the International Cooperative Alliance
(ICA) Global Cooperative Conference 2024 in New Delhi, Delhi?
1) Piyush Goyal
2) Droupadi Murmu
3) Narendra Modi
4) Krishan Pal
5) Amit Shah
Answer- 3) Narendra Modi
Explanation:
On 25th November 2024, Prime Minister(PM) Narendra Modi inaugurated the International
Cooperative Alliance (ICA) Global Cooperative Conference 2024 at Bharat Mandapam in New Delhi,
Delhi.
• The Conference was hosted by Indian Farmers Fertiliser Cooperative Limited (IFFCO), in
collaboration with ICA and Government of India(GoI), and Indian Cooperatives AMUL and
KRIBHCO.
• The conference was held from 25th to 30th November 2024.The theme of the conference is
“Cooperatives Build Prosperity for All” is in line with Indian Government’s vision of “Sahkar
Se Samriddhi” (Prosperity through Cooperation).
• ICA Global Cooperative Conference and ICA General Assembly are being organised in India for
the first time in the 130-year history of the ICA.
• The United Nations General Assembly(UNGA) declared 2025 as the International Year of
Cooperatives (IYC2025) which is to be celebrated under the theme “Cooperatives Build a
Better World.”
• PM Modi also launched the United Nations(UN)’ International Year of Cooperatives 2025
and released a commemorative postal stamp.
• The stamp features a lotus, the symbol of peace, strength, resilience, and growth; this reflects
the cooperative values of sustainability and community development.

2. Which of the following points is/are correct with respect to the 2nd India-CARICOM Summit
held in Georgetown, Guyana on 20th November 2024?
A) Narendra Modi, Prime Minister (PM) of India and Dickon Mitchell, PM of Grenada and the
current chairperson of the Caribbean Community(CARICOM) jointly chaired the 2nd India-
CARICOM Summit in Georgetown, Guyana.
B) India and Guyana signed the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to strengthen ties in
digital transformation.
C) Two Dornier HAL-228 aircraft were officially commissioned into the Guyana Defence Force
(GDF) Air Corps at a ceremony held at Air Station London, Timehri, Guyana.
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C
3) Only B & C
4) Only C
5) All A, B & C

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Answer- 2) Only A & C
Explanation:
On 20th November 2024, Narendra Modi, Prime Minister (PM) of India and Dickon Mitchell, PM of
Grenada and the current chairperson of the Caribbean Community(CARICOM) jointly chaired the 2nd
India-CARICOM Summit in Georgetown, Guyana.
• The CARICOM Summit was hosted by Irfaan Ali, President of Guyana.
• The summit included discussions on key areas of cooperation, cultural programs and bilateral
meetings.
• PM Modi offered assistance to CARICOM countries in seven key areas. The key areas will
promote the close bonds of friendship between India and CARICOM.
• During the 2nd India-CARICOM Summit, Union Minister S. Jaishankar, Ministry of External
Affairs(MEA) and Amery Browne, Minister of Foreign and CARICOM Affairs of Trinidad and
Tobago signed the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to strengthen ties in digital
transformation in the presence of PM Modi and Keith Rowley.
• Two Dornier HAL-228 aircraft were officially commissioned into the Guyana Defence Force
(GDF) Air Corps at a ceremony held at Air Station London, Timehri, Guyana. This marks the
first-ever Defence Line of Credit(LoC) extended to a Caribbean nation.

3. 18th NCB International Conference & Exhibition on Cement, Concrete, and Building
materials held from 27th to 29th November, 2024 in New Delhi, Delhi.
Who received the NCB Lifetime Achievement Award in recognition of his exceptional
contributions to the cement and concrete sector?
1) Yogesh Singh
2) Dr. HC Visvesvaraya
3) Vinay Kumar Pathak
4) Dr. Nani Gopal Mahanta
5) Arti Bhatnagar
Answer- 2) Dr. HC Visvesvaraya
Explanation:
Amardeep Singh Bhatia, Secretary of Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade
(DPIIT), Ministry of Commerce and Industry (MoC&I), inaugurated the 18th NCB International
Conference & Exhibition on Cement, Concrete, and Building materials, held from 27th to 29th
November, 2024 at Yashobhoomi, India International Convention & Expo Centre (IIC) Dwarka in
New Delhi, Delhi.
• The conference was organised by the National Council for Cement and Building Materials
(NCB), under the administrative control of the DPIIT, MoC&I.
• Theme of the conference was “Cement the Net Zero Future” which signifies India’s
commitment to achieving net-zero emissions by 2070.
• During the event, Amardeep Singh Bhatia released a short film on 200 Glorious Years of
Cement and Concrete Construction Industry, Conference Proceedings, Compendium titled “The
Cement Industry-India 2024” and a publication focused on Alternative fuels and raw
materials.
• He also presented the NCB Lifetime Achievement Award to Padma Shri awardee Dr. HC
Visvesvaraya in recognition of his exceptional contributions to the cement and concrete
sector.

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 • During the conference, the NCB signed two Memorandums of Understanding (MoUs) to
promote decarbonization and technological innovation in the cement industry.
• On 29th November 2024, Arti Bhatnagar, Additional Secretary and Financial Advisor of DPIIT,
MoC&I presented the National Awards for Indian Cement Industry on the concluding day of the
conference.

4. Which organisation has recently (in November ‘24) organised the “GI & Beyond 2024”
Summit in New Delhi, Delhi in collaboration with the Office of the Development Commissioner
for Handlooms, Ministry of Textiles?
1) Cotton Textiles Export Promotion Council
2) Council for Leather Exports
3) Powerloom Development & Export Promotion Council
4) Export Promotion Council for Handicrafts
5) Handloom Export Promotion Council
Answer- 5) Handloom Export Promotion Council
Explanation:
On November 25 2024, the Office of the Development Commissioner for Handlooms, Ministry of
Textiles, in partnership with the Handloom Export Promotion Council (HEPC) has successfully
organised the “GI & Beyond 2024” Summit at The Oberoi, New Delhi (Delhi), where Indian artisans
showcased India’s Geographical Indication (GI) tagged handloom and handicraft products
manufactured by them to the global stage.
• This one-day summit was inaugurated by the Union Minister Giriraj Singh, Ministry of Textiles
(MoT).
• While addressing the event, he highlighted the significance of GI products which have played a
pivotal role in promoting India’s rich cultural heritage and invited attention of the gathering on
the attractive tourism concepts like heritage and cultural tourism for marketing of GI goods.
• During the event, Union Minister Giriraj Singh distributed new GI certificates to 10 artisans
from various parts of the country.
• The event had the representation from 13 countries spread across 4 continents and saw the
participation of around 20 overseas buyers, 50 exporters & MNCs, 70 GI authorised users and
40 officials from various departments including the state governments.
• In November 2024, Union MoS Pabitra Margherita, MoT inaugurated the Diamond Jubilee
celebrations of World Crafts Forum in New Delhi, Delhi. Click here to read more.

5. Which of the following points is/are ‘correct’ with respect to the 29th Conference of the
Parties to the United Nations (UN) Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC
COP29)?
A) The 29th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations (UN) Framework Convention on
Climate Change (UNFCCC COP29) held in Baku, Azerbaijan from 11th to 22nd November 2024.
B) COP29 adopts new operational standards for the global carbon market under Paris
Agreement Article 6 to enhance international collaboration for reducing carbon emissions.
C) Iran has launched its first carbon credit exchange at the COP 29 on 12th November 2024.
D) The world’s largest multilateral development banks (MDBs) announced an ambitious new
climate finance goal at COP29, pledging to increase funding for low- and middle-income
countries to USD 120 billion annually by 2026.

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E) United Arab Emirates (UAE) is developing the world’s first ChatGPT tool for the agricultural
community.
1) Only A, C & D
2) Only A, B & E
3) Only C & E
4) Only B & D
5) All the above
Answer- 2) Only A, B & E
Explanation:
The 29th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations (UN) Framework Convention on
Climate Change (UNFCCC COP29) took place in Baku, Azerbaijan from 11th to 22nd November
2024. UN Climate Change Executive Secretary Simon Stiell inaugurated COP29.
• COP29 adopts new operational standards for the global carbon market under Paris
Agreement Article 6 to enhance international collaboration for reducing carbon emissions.
• Saudi Arabia, has launched its first carbon credit exchange at the COP 29 on 12th November
2024.
• The world’s largest multilateral development banks (MDBs) announced an ambitious new
climate finance goal at COP29, pledging to increase funding for low- and middle-income
countries to USD 120 billion annually by 2030.
• The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has launched the “Global Energy Efficiency Alliance”
during COP29 with an aim to double global energy efficiency rates by 2030 and contribute to
significant emission reductions.
• UAE is developing the world’s first ChatGPT tool for the agricultural community.
• India and Italy launched a five-year strategic action plan outlining specific initiatives in key
sectors after talks between PM Modi and Italian PM Giorgia Meloni.
• The 2025 UN Climate Change Conference (UNFCCC COP 30) will be held from 10th to 21st
November 2025 in Belém, Brazil.Click here to read more.

6. Which of the following points is/are ‘correct’ with respect to India's participation in COP29,
the 29th Conference of the Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change
(UNFCCC) held in Baku, Azerbaijan from November 11 to 22, 2024?
A) The Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change (MoEFCC) partnered with the
Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI) to host a panel on integrating disaster-
resilient infrastructure into national adaptation strategies.
B) The LeadIT (Leadership Group for Industry Transition) Member Meet was held on 14th
November 2024 and organized by MoEFCC and the Government of Sweden.
C) The India-Sweden Industry Transition Partnership (ITP) launched under LeadIT 2.0 at
COP29 in 2024.
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C
3) Only B & C
4) Only C
5) All A, B & C
Answer- 1) Only A & B

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Explanation:
India participated COP29, the 29th Conference of the Parties to the UN Framework Convention on
Climate Change (UNFCCC), was held in Baku, Azerbaijan, from November 11 to 22, 2024.Through
various side events, in collaboration with international agencies, India underscored its commitment to
addressing climate challenges.
• India’s Ministry of Environment, Forest, and Climate Change (MoEFCC) partnered with the
Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI) to host a panel on integrating disaster-
resilient infrastructure into national adaptation strategies.
• The session discussed key approaches, challenges, and opportunities for integrating disaster
risk reduction (DRI) into national adaptation strategies for more resilient and sustainable
development.
• Union Minister of State(MoS) for Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Kirti Vardhan
Singh and Swedish Minister for Climate and Environment, Romina Pourmokhtari, co-chaired
the Annual Summit of the Leadership Group for Industry Transition (LeadIT), held on the
sidelines of COP29 to the UN Climate Change Summit.
• The India-Sweden Industry Transition Partnership (ITP) launched under LeadIT 2.0 at COP28
in 2023.
• The LeadIT (Leadership Group for Industry Transition) Member Meet was held on 14th
November 2024 and organized by MoEFCC and the Government of Sweden.
• India has urged developed nations to provide at least USD 1.3 trillion annually until 2030 as
grants, concessional finance, and non-debt support for developing countries. India also
opposes making the COP29 climate finance package an investment goal. Click here to read
more.

7. Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi inaugurated the 3 days Rising Rajasthan Global
Investment Summit 2024 (RRGIS 2024) and the Rajasthan Global Business Expo on 9th
December 2024.
The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy has approved the development of a 2GW
(gigawatt) ________________ project in Rajasthan.
1) Bio-Energy
2) Solar Park
3) Hydropower
4) Wind Energy Farm
5) Geothermal Energy Plant
Answer- 2) Solar Park
Explanation:
Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi inaugurated the 3 days Rising Rajasthan Global Investment
Summit 2024 (RRGIS 2024) and the Rajasthan Global Business Expo on 9th December 2024 at the
Jaipur Exhibition and Convention Centre (JECC) in Rajasthan.
• The summit was conducted for three days from 9th December to 11th December 2024.
• The Rising Rajasthan Global Investment Summit 2024, is based on the theme- ‘Replete,
Responsible, Ready’.
• India is currently ranked as the 5th largest economy in the world.
• Rajasthan Government has signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) of over Rs 35 lakh
crores during the Rising Rajasthan Global Summit 2024.

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 • The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy has approved the development of a 2GW
(gigawatt) Solar Park project of Rajasthan Solar Development Corporation in Rajasthan.
• Union minister for road transport and highways, Nitin Gadkari, announced nine road and
highway projects for Rajasthan, with a combined length of 800 kilometers on 10th December
2024.
• The Adani Group has planned to invest Rs 7.5 lakh crore in Rajasthan, focusing on green
energy and infrastructure with over half of this investment to be implemented in the next five
years.
• Tata Power has announced an investment of Rs 1.2 lakh crore in Rajasthan in various
renewable energy related projects.
• The Aditya Birla Group is going to invest Rs 50,000 crore in Rajasthan over the coming years,
across multiple sectors including cement, renewable energy, telecom, and retail.The chairman
of this group is Kumar Mangalam Birla. Click here to read more.

8. Which of the following points is/are ‘correct’ with respect to the Annual Health Summit held
in New Delhi, Delhi on 16th October 2024?
A) Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) hosted the 21st Annual Health Summit with the
theme “Transforming Healthcare for Viksit Bharat 2047” in New Delhi, Delhi.
B) The government has allocated Rs 300 crore for the establishment of medical device parks in
Uttar Pradesh (UP), Tamil Nadu (TN), Madhya Pradesh (MP) and Himachal Pradesh (HP) to
boost domestic production.
C) The government has allocated Rs 500 crore for supporting the MedTech industry’s growth
through research and innovation.
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C
3) Only B & C
4) Only C
5) All A, B & C
Answer- 2) Only A & C
Explanation:
On December 19 2024, the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) hosted the 21st Annual Health
Summit with the theme “Transforming Healthcare for Viksit Bharat 2047” in New Delhi (Delhi).
• The summit featured an exhibition highlighting the latest medical innovations and
technologies, paving the way for a future-ready healthcare system.
• Union Minister of State (MoS) Anupriya Patel, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
(MoHFW) and Chemicals & Fertilizers highlighted the importance of MedTech (Medical
Technology) vision at the Health Summit.
• During the summit, the National Medical Device Policy and schemes for strengthening
infrastructure, promoting research and skill development in the MedTech sector were
launched by the government.
• The government has allocated Rs 400 crore for the establishment of medical device parks and
Rs 500 crore for supporting the MedTech industry’s growth through research and innovation.
• Union MoS Anupriya Patel also introduced a Rs 400 crore scheme to promote Medical Device
Parks in Uttar Pradesh (UP), Tamil Nadu (TN), Madhya Pradesh (MP) and Himachal Pradesh
(HP) to boost domestic production.

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 • India’s medical device sector, valued at around USD 14 billion, is projected to grow to USD 30
billion by 2030, making India one of the top 20 medical device markets globally.
• As of 2024, India ranks as the 4th-largest medical device market in Asia, following Japan,
China, and South Korea. Click here to read more.

COMMITTEE AND MEETING

1. Who chaired the 109th session of Maritime Safety Committee (MSC) held from 2nd to 6th
December 2024 in London, United Kingdom (UK)?
1) Theofilos Mozas
2) Arsenio Dominguez
3) Mayte Medina
4) Hiroyuki Yamada
5) Kitack Lim
Answer- 3) Mayte Medina
Explanation:
The Maritime Safety Committee (MSC) conducted its 109th session from 2nd December to 6th
December 2024 at the International Maritime Organization (IMO) Headquarters in London, United
Kingdom (UK).
• The meeting was chaired by Mrs. Mayte Medina of the United States, supported by Vice-Chair,
Capt. Theofilos Mozas of Greece.
• The session approved interim guidelines on the safety of ammonia-fueled ships which will lead
to wider adoption of ammonia as a marine fuel.
• MSC 109 adopted amendments to Paragraph 16.9.2 of the International Code for the
Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk (IGC Code) so that
ammonia can be used as fuel on ammonia carriers w.e.f 1st July 2026.
• MSC 109 adopted amendments to the International Code of Safety for Ships Using Gases or
Other Low-flashpoint Fuels (IGF Code), on the basis of experience with the code since it came
into force in 2017 w.e.f 1st January 2028.
• MSC 109 noted that the International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) is
currently undertaking a review of its Common Structural Rules (CSR) for bulk carriers and oil
tankers to analyze developments in data, materials, technologies and calculation
methodologies.
• MSC 109 agreed to add “swappable traction lithium-ion battery containers” to the list of
alternative fuels and new technologies.
• MSC 109 adopted performance standards for the NAVDAT system and changes to Resolution
MSC.509(105) on “Provision of radio services for the Global Maritime Distress and Safety
System (GMDSS).” Click here to read more.

2. Who represented India as vice-chair in the 2nd meeting of the Supply Chain Council (SCC) of
the Indo-Pacific Economic Framework for Prosperity (IPEF) held in December 2024?
1) Piyush Goyal
2) Rajesh Agrawal
3) Nirmala Sitharaman

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4) Suresh Prabhu
5) Amitabh Kant
Answer- 2) Rajesh Agrawal
Explanation:
In December 2024, India, a key member of the 14-member Indo-Pacific Economic Framework for
Prosperity (IPEF), participated as vice-chair in the 2nd meeting of the Supply Chain Council (SCC)
which was held virtually.
i.India was represented by Rajesh Agrawal, Additional Secretary, Department of Commerce (DoC),
Ministry of Commerce and Industry (MoC&I).
ii.The SCC, chaired by the United States of America (USA), reviewed progress across key sectors such
as semiconductors, critical minerals, chemicals, and healthcare.
iii.Updates were shared on the Critical Minerals, Semiconductors, and Pharma/Healthcare Action Plan
Teams (APTs) focused on collaboration and addressing supply chain challenges in these sectors.
iv.The first SCC meeting in Washington in September 2024 led to the formation of Action Plan Teams
(APT) focusing on key sectors, including Pharma/Healthcare (led by India), Semiconductors (led by
USA), Critical Minerals (led by Australia) and Chemicals (led by USA).
v. India, now 3rd in pharmaceutical production by volume and 14th by value, was elected as the Chair
for the Pharma/Healthcare APT. India put forward a proposal to host the next in-person SCC
meeting next year.
Note: India had signed the Supply Chain Resilience Agreement (Pillar-II) in November 2023,
reaffirming its commitment to strengthening regional and global supply chain resilience.

3. Which of the following is/are ‘correct’ with respect to the 208th meeting of the Securities
and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) recently (in December ‘24) held in Mumbai?
A) An issuer can only make an Initial Public Offer (IPO) if it has an operating profit of at least
Rs. 2 crores in any 2 out of the 3 previous financial years when filing its draft red herring
prospectus (DRHP)
B) The SEBI has launched a new initiative called the "Past Risk and Return Verification Agency"
(PaRRVA) to prevent misleading claims about investment returns.
C) The SEBI board has increased the threshold for identifying High Value Debt Listed Entities
(HVDLEs) from Rs. 500 crores to Rs. 1000 crores, aligning it with the threshold for large
corporations.
1) Only B & C
2) Only A & B
3) All A, B, and C
4) Only A
5) Only A & C
Answer- 1) Only B & C
Explanation:
The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) Board conducted its 208th meeting on 18th
December 2024, in Mumbai to develop significant measures to improve the business environment in
the capital markets. The meeting’s agenda was to formulate reforms for primary markets, small and
medium enterprises (SMEs), and mutual funds, among others.
i.Merchant Bankers (MBs), other than Banks, Public Financial Institution and their subsidiaries, shall
undertake only permitted activities.

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ii.They should maintain a liquid net worth of at least 25% of the minimum net worth requirement, at
all times.
iii.An issuer shall make an Initial Public Offer (IPO), only with an operating profit (earnings before
interest, depreciation and tax) of Rs. 1 crore from operations for any 2 out of 3 previous financial
years at the time of filing of its draft red herring prospectus (DRHP).
iv.Offer for sale (OFS) by selling shareholders in SME IPO shall not exceed 20% of the total issue size
and they cannot sell more than 50% of their holding.
v.The SEBI has launched a new initiative, the “Past Risk and Return Verification Agency” (PaRRVA), to
prevent misleading claims about investment returns. This verification system will act like an ISI mark
for financial claims.
vi.The SEBI board has increased the threshold for identification of High Value Debt Listed entities
(HVDLEs) from Rs.500 crores to Rs. 1000 crores which is at par with the large Corporates.
vii.The SEBI Board mandated Custodians to maintain a net worth of Rs. 75 crores and shall be
achieved within 3 years. Click here to read more

INDEX
1. Which of the following points is/are correct with respect to the Times Higher Education
(THE)’s inaugural “Interdisciplinary Science Rankings (ISR) 2025”?
A) New York (the United States of America, USA)-based Massachusetts Institute of Technology
(MIT) has secured 1st spot in the rankings with an overall score of 92.4.
B) Anna University in Chennai, Tamil Nadu (TN) has topped among all Indian universities
featured on the list and secured 42nd position globally with an overall score 66.1.
C) India with 75 universities has emerged as the most represented country on the list.
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C
3) Only B & C
4) Only C
5) All A, B & C
Answer- 1) Only A & B
Explanation:
According to Times Higher Education (THE)’s inaugural “Interdisciplinary Science Rankings (ISR)
2025”, Anna University in Chennai (Tamil Nadu, TN) has topped among all Indian universities
featured on the list and secured 42nd position globally with an overall score 66.1.
• It is the only Indian university which featured among the Top 50 universities of the list.
• New York (the United States of America, USA)-based Massachusetts Institute of Technology
(MIT) has secured 1st spot in the rankings with an overall score of 92.4, followed by Stanford
University (the USA) and National University of Singapore (NUS) (Singapore) ranked at 2nd
and 3rd position respectively.
• India and Saudi Arabia are the most represented countries in the top 100 from Asia region,
with 6 each, followed by Hong Kong SAR and Japan, with 5 each.
• India with 65 universities has emerged as the most represented country on the list. However,
no Indian institute/ university featured among the top 10 universities in the rankings.

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 • Only 4 Indian universities including both private and public were featured among the top 100
universities globally.

2. According to NITI Aayog’s report “India’s Booming Gig and Platform Economy: Perspectives
and Recommendations of the Future Work” published in June 2022, the number of gig and
platform workers is expected to increase to 23.5 million by ____________.
1) 2025-26
2) 2026-27
3) 2027-28
4) 2028-29
5) 2029-30
Answer- 5) 2029-30
Explanation:
On 28th November 2024, Union Minister of State (MoS) Sushri Shobha Karandlaje, Ministry of
Labour & Employment (MoL&E) has informed the Rajya Sabha (the Upper House of Parliament) that
as per the National Institution for Transforming India (NITI Aayog)’s report titled “India’s Booming
Gig and Platform Economy: Perspectives and Recommendations of the Future Work” published
in June 2022, the number of gig and platform workers is expected to increase to 23.5 million by
2029-30.
• The gig workers will constitute 6.7% of the non-agricultural workforce or 4.1% of the total
livelihood in India by 2029-30.
• As per the estimation of the report, around 7 million people (including women) were engaged
in the gig economy in 2020-21, which constituted 2.6% of the non-agricultural workforce or
1.5% of the total workforce in India.
• It is estimated that India’s gig economy will grow at the rate of 17%, with gross volume
expected to reach USD 455 billion in 2024.
• Also, the gig sector has the potential to create 90 million jobs and contribute 1.25% to India’s
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2030.
• The Government of India (GoI) for the 1st time has defined “gig workers” and “platform
workers” and provisions related to them in the Code on Social Security, 2020 which has been
enacted by the Parliament.
• As per the Act, gig worker is a person who performs work or participates in a work
arrangement and earns from such activities outside of traditional employer-employee
relationships.

3. According to the recent (in November ‘24) report on ‘Science-Based Target initiative (SBTi)
commitments by Indian companies’ released by the______________________, India has secured the
______ spot globally.
1) ICRA ESG Ratings Limited, 6th
2) CareEdge Ratings, 4th
3) Acuité Ratings & Research Limited, 5th
4) India Ratings and Research, 7th
5) CRISIL ESG Ratings & Analytics Limited, 8th
Answer- 1) ICRA ESG Ratings Limited, 6th

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Explanation:
According to the report on ‘SBTi commitments by Indian companies’ released by the ICRA ESG Ratings
Limited (formerly known as Pragati Development Consulting Services Limited), India has secured the 6th
spot globally in corporate climate action with 127 companies committed to net-zero targets under
the Science-Based Target initiative (SBTi).
• The United Kingdom (UK) topped the list with 702 companies committed to SBTi targets,
followed by the United States of America (USA) with 425 companies in 2nd place. China
ranked 3rd with 233 companies, while Germany secured 4th place with 203 companies.
Sweden with 143 companies in 5th place.
• The report shows that though India is contributing approximately 7% of global emissions, its
corporate commitments reflect a growing awareness, though high-emission sectors like power,
energy, and cement are still behind in adopting such goals.
• As per the report, six Indian power sector companies have adopted SBTi targets, with three
operating primarily in Renewable Energy(RE).
• The report stated that around 9,000 companies globally have committed to emission reduction
targets, with around 3,500 specifically targeting net-zero emissions. Click here to read more.

4. Which company has recently (in December ‘24) topped in India and the world, respectively,
as per the report “SIPRI TOP 100 ARMS-PRODUCING AND MILITARY SERVICES COMPANIES,
2023” released by the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI)?
1) Hindustan Aeronautics Limited and Lockheed Martin
2) Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited and General Dynamics
3) Cochin Shipyard Limited and Raytheon Technologies Corporation
4) TATA Advanced Systems Limited and Northrop Grumman
5) Bharat Electronics Limited and Lockheed Martin
Answer- 1) Hindustan Aeronautics Limited and Lockheed Martin
Explanation:
According to the Report “SIPRI TOP 100 ARMS-PRODUCING AND MILITARY SERVICES COMPANIES, 2023”
released by the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) on 2nd December 2024,
The three companies – Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL)(43rd), Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL)
(67th), and Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Ltd (MDL) (94th) are placed among the world’s 100 largest arms
producers in 2023.
• All three defense public sector undertakings (DPSUs) combined revenues from sales of arms and
military services has increased to USD 6.74 billion in 2023, growing 5.8% from USD 6.37 billion in
2022.
• The top 5 companies in the list belong to United States of America (USA) namely Lockheed
Martin (USD 60.81 billion) on the top followed by Raytheon Technologies Corporation (RTX)
(USD 40.66 billion) on 2nd spot, Northrop Grumman (USD 35.57 billion) on 3rd, Boeing (USD
31.1 billion) on 4th and General Dynamics (USD 30.2 billion) on 5th spot respectively.
• According to the SIPRI report, HAL increased its arms revenue to USD 3.71 billion in 2023, up
6.9% from USD 3.47 billion in 2022.
• SIPRI reported that there was a 4.2% rise in FY23 arms revenues for the Top 100 arms producers
globally earning a total of USD 632 billion (Rs. 53,54,936 crore), due to increased regional
conflicts and rearmament efforts.

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5. As per NITI Aayog’s recent (in December ‘24) report “Trade Watch Quarterly: April-June
(Q1) Y25”, India’s total trade performance for the 1st Half (H1) of 2024 reached
__________________ with Year-on-Year (Y-o-Y) growth of 5.45% compared to 2023.
1) USD 369 billion
2) USD 421 billion
3) USD 576 billion
4) USD 617 billion
5) USD 753 billion
Answer- 3) USD 576 billion
Explanation:
On 4th December 2024, Suman Bery, the Vice Chairperson of National Institution for Transforming
India (NITI Aayog) launched NITI Aayog’s latest report titled “Trade Watch Quarterly: April-June
(Q1) Y25” in New Delhi, Delhi. The report provides a comprehensive overview of the country’s trade
for the Q1 of Financial Year 2024-25 (FY25).
• The report provides a holistic snapshot of India’s trade position, combining global demand-
supply perspectives, sector-wise performance, and insights into emerging trade opportunities.
• As per the report, India’s total trade performance for the 1st Half (H1) of 2024 reached USD
576 billion with Year-on-Year (Y-o-Y) growth of 5.45% compared to 2023.
• The report highlighted that merchandise exports showed consistent growth as exports has
increased by 5.95% to USD 110 billion in Q1FY25.In Q1 FY25, the leading sectors were mineral
fuels (19.96%), electrical machinery and equipment (8.68%), and nuclear reactors (7.30%).
• The report outlined that India’s Current Account Deficit (CAD) reached to USD 9.7 billion in
Q1FY25, representing 1.1% of country’s GDP, from USD 8.9 billion (1% of GDP) in the same
quarter of FY24.
• India’s export of iron and steel saw a massive decline of 33% in Q1FY25 mainly due to weak
domestic demand and excess capacity in China which resulted in an oversupply of steel in
global markets.
• The report showed that India’s Trade Intensity Index (TII) score was greater than 1 with 84
countries, which represented 38.82% of global GDP and 67% of its total exports in 2023. Click
here to read more.

6. Who among the following is ‘not’ an Indian woman featured in the 12th edition of BBC’s 100
Most Inspiring and Influential Women List 2024?
A) Aruna Roy
B) Vinesh Phogat
C) Pooja Sharma
D) Harmanpreet Kaur
1) Only A & B
2) Only C & D
3) Only B
4) Only D
5) All the above
Answer- 4) Only D

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Explanation:
On December 03 2024, London (the United Kingdom (UK))-based British Broadcasting Corporation
(BBC) released the 12th edition of BBC’s 100 Most Inspiring and Influential Women List 2024. This
latest edition of the list has featured 3 Indian women.
• Former civil servant and renowned social activist Aruna Roy; three-time Olympian-turned-
politician Vinesh Phogat, and performer of funerary rites, Pooja Sharma, for their exceptional
contributions to social activism, sports and breaking societal barriers.
• Apart from them, the list has included two Indian-origin women: Sunita Williams, National
Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Astronaut and Sneha Revanur, 20-year old
Artificial Intelligence (AI) expert.
• In 2023, 4 Indian women: Actress Dia Mirza, Cricketer Harmanpreet Kaur, Photographer Arati
Kumar-Rao and Tibetan Buddhist nun Jetsunma Tenzin Palmo, were featured on the BBC’s 100
Most Influential Women List.
• The list is organised into 5 main categories: Culture & Education; Climate Pioneers;
Entertainment and Sport; Politics and Advocacy; and Science, Health and Tech.
• Aruna Roy served as an Indian Administrative Service (IAS) officer from 1968 to 1975.She is
one of the founding member of Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan (MKSS) established in 1990,
played a pivotal role in the enactment of the Right to Information (RTI) Act in 2005.
• Vinesh Phogat, is amongst India’s most accomplished wrestlers and a strong advocate against
sexual harassment towards women in sports.
• Pooja Sharma has performed funeral rites for unclaimed bodies in Delhi. She faced a lot of
criticism from priests and the community in general, as per tradition last rites are performed
by men in Hindu culture.
• Sunita Williams, a retired United States (US) Navy Helicopter pilot, has been recognised under
the ‘Science, Health and Tech.’ category. Click here to read more.

7. Which of the following points is/are ‘correct’ with respect to the 3rd edition of the “QS World
University Rankings: Sustainability 2025” released by the Quacquarelli Symonds (QS) in
December 2024?
A) The University of Toronto, Canada has topped the list as the world’s most sustainable
university.
B) Indian Institute of Technology-Delhi (IIT Delhi) has topped among all Indian universities
featured on the list and has secured 171st position globally with an overall score of 80.6.
C) The USA with 239 institutions, has emerged as the most represented country on the list.
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C
3) Only B & C
4) Only C
5) All A, B & C
Answer- 5) All A, B & C
Explanation:
According to the 3rd edition of the “QS World University Rankings: Sustainability 2025” released
by the Quacquarelli Symonds(QS), global higher education experts, the Indian Institute of Technology-
Delhi (IIT-D) in New Delhi (Delhi) has topped among all Indian universities featured on the list and

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has secured 171st position globally with an overall score of 80.6. It has improved its ranking by 255
places compared to 426th spot in the last year.
• IIT-D is followed by IIT Kharagpur (IIT-KGP) in Kharagpur, West Bengal (WB) and IIT Bombay
(IIT-B) in Mumbai, Maharashtra ranked at 202nd and 234th position, respectively.
• The University of Toronto, Canada has topped the list as the world’s most sustainable
university, followed by the ETH Zurich in Zurich, Switzerland ranked at 2nd position.
• Lund University in Sweden and University of California, Berkeley (UCB), the United States of
America (USA), jointly ranked at 3rd spot on the list.
• The USA with 239 institutions, has emerged as the most represented country on the list.
• This latest edition of the rankings has featured 78 Indian universities on the list, of which 34
have improved their rankings compared to last year and 8 have maintained their previous
rankings.
• Manipal (Karnataka)-based Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE) or Manipal
University, ranked at 390th spot globally, is the top ranked Indian university both in the
‘Governance’ category and in the ‘Equality’ lens. Click here to read more.

8. According to the recent (in December ‘24) data of the Department for Promotion of Industry
and Internal Trade (DPIIT), Ministry of Commerce & Industry (MoC&I), Foreign direct equity
investment has increased by 45% at USD 29.8 billion in the 1st Half (H1: April-September) of
Financial Year 2024-25(FY25).
Which country has emerged as the top investing country in India with USD 7.53 billion FDI
during April-September, 2024?
1) Singapore
2) Russia
3) Netherlands
4) Mauritius
5) United States of America
Answer- 1) Singapore
Explanation:
According to the data of the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT),
Ministry of Commerce & Industry (MoC&I), Foreign direct equity investment has increased by 45% at
USD 29.8 billion in the 1st Half (H1: April-September) of Financial Year 2024-25(FY25).
• This increase in Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) equity inflows comes following a
contraction in inflows for 3 consecutive FYs (FY22, FY23 and FY24). The gross FDI inflows
reached USD 1 trillion since April 2000.
• Over the last decade (April 2014 to September 2024), total FDI inflows amounted to USD
709.84 billion, accounting for 68.69% of the overall FDI inflow in the past 24 years.
• As per the data, total FDI, which includes equity capital of unincorporated entities, reinvest
earnings and other capital, witnessed 29% increase at USD 42.3 billion during H1FY25.
• The data showed that Singapore again emerged as the top investing country in India, with
USD 7.53 billion FDI during April-September, 2024.
• It was followed by Mauritius, the Netherlands, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and the
United States of America (USA).

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9. Which organisation has recently (in December ‘24) collaborated with Andhra Pradesh State
Housing Company Limited (APSHCL) and Andhra Pradesh State Energy Efficiency Development
Corporation Limited (APSEEDCO) to launch 3 transformative programs for enhancing energy
efficiency across AP?
1) Bureau of Energy Efficiency
2) Energy Efficiency Services Limited
3) Power Grid Corporation of India Limited
4) REC Limited
5) NTPC Limited
Answer- 2) Energy Efficiency Services Limited
Explanation:
New Delhi (Delhi) based Energy Efficiency Services Limited (EESL) has collaborated with Andhra
Pradesh State Housing Company Limited (APSHCL) and Andhra Pradesh State Energy Efficiency
Development Corporation Limited (APSEEDCO) to launch 3 transformative programs for enhancing
energy efficiency, environmental sustainability, and economic empowerment across AP.
• The initiatives were launched in Vijayawada, AP in the presence of AP Chief Minister (CM) N.
Chandrababu Naidu and Union Minister Manohar Lal, Ministry of Power (MoP).
• The 1st programme, URJAVEER, launched by EESL, aims to train 1 lakh people in AP as
“Urjaveers,” who will act as ambassadors for energy efficiency. They will promote energy-
saving appliances available on EESLmart.in through affiliate marketing.
• The 2nd programme aims to provide energy-efficient appliances to low-income households as
part of the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) scheme.
• The 3rd programme, the National Efficiency Cooking Programme (NECP), launched by
EESL, aims to encourage the use of electric cooking solutions across AP.

10. Which of the following points is/are ‘correct’ with respect to the report “India Skills Report
2025: Global Talent Mobility-India’s Decade” released in December 2024?
A) The 12th edition of the India skills Report (ISR) “India Skills Report 2025: Global Talent
Mobility-India’s Decade” released in December 2024.
B) Maharashtra (84%) has topped in the India Skills Report 2025 for employability, followed
by Delhi (78%), Karnataka (75%), Andhra Pradesh, AP (72%) and Kerala (71%).
C) Assam is topped in employability for Men and Uttar Pradesh topped in employability for
Women.
D) ISR 2025 was published by Wheebox in collaboration with the All India Council for
Technical Education (AICTE), Confederation of Indian Industry (CII), Association of Indian
Universities (AIU) and Taggd (knowledge partner).
1) Only A, B & D
2) Only B, C & D
3) Only B & C
4) Only A & C
5) All the above
Answer- 1) Only A, B & D

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Explanation:
According to the 12th edition of the India skills Report (ISR) titled “India Skills Report 2025:Global
Talent Mobility-India’s Decade” released on 12th December 2024, 54.81% of Indian graduates are
expected to be globally employable by 2025, increase from 51.2% in 2024, indicating a 7% rise.
• Maharashtra (84%) has topped in the India Skills Report 2025 for employability, followed by
Delhi (78%), Karnataka (75%), Andhra Pradesh, AP (72%), Kerala (71%) and Uttar Pradesh,
UP (70%).
• The list is topped by Gujarat in Men and AP in Women.
• The “ISR 2025” was published by talent assessment agency Wheebox in collaboration with the
All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE), Confederation of Indian Industry (CII),
Association of Indian Universities (AIU) and Taggd (knowledge partner).
• The employability rates are highest among management graduates (78%), followed by
engineering (71.5%), Master of Commerce Administration (MCA) students (71%) and science
graduates (58%).
• India’s workforce with 65% under the age of 35, provides a substantial advantage in meeting
the demands of industries in regions such as the Gulf, Southeast Asia, Europe and Africa.
• Kerala (India) is ranked 5th in employability among all states with a strong workforce,
especially among youths (87.47% for ages 22-25) and experienced professionals (68.82% for
ages 26-29).
• Kerala has retained its top ranking among states for the 4th consecutive time as per
Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) India Index 2023-24.
• Kerala is the 9th largest economy in India, with an annual gross state product (GSP) of Rs 9.78
lakh crore in 2020–2021. Click here to read more.

11. In December 2024, the World Health Organization (WHO) released its “World Malaria
Report 2024: Addressing inequity in the global malaria response”, highlighting malaria cases
in India decreased by ________ from 6.4 million in 2017.
1) 85%
2) 73%
3) 69%
4) 56%
5) 48%
Answer- 3) 69%
Explanation:
In December 2024, the World Health Organization (WHO) released its “World Malaria Report 2024 :
Addressing inequity in the global malaria response”, highlighting a concerning increase in the global
malaria cases. This year’s report provides an up-to-date summary to control and eliminate the disease
in 83 countries worldwide.
• India has made notable development in combating malaria as revealed in the World Malaria
Report 2023 by the WHO.
• India had exited the High Burden to High Impact (HBHI) group due to significant progress in
2024. Between 2017 and 2023, malaria cases in India decreased by 69%, from 6.4 million to 2
million while deaths reduced by 68% from 11,100 to 3,500.
• Malaria is a life threatening disease transmitted through bites of infected female Anopheles
mosquitoes.

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 • The WHO’s World Malaria Report 2024 reveals that in 2023, the majority of malaria deaths
occurred in 4 countries: Nigeria (30.9%), the Democratic Republic of the Congo (11.3%),
Niger (5.9%) and Tanzania (4.3%)
• The country Ethiopia alone accounts for 4.5 million cases.
• In 2023, malaria cases surged to an estimated 263 million across 83 countries, up from 252
million in 2022 and 226 million in 2015.
• Worldwide, 2.2 billion cases and 12.7 million deaths were prevented from 2000 to 2023.
• From 2000 to 2023, India’s malaria burden decreased by 82.4% from 22.8 million to 4 million
while incidence dropped by 87% from 17.7 to 2.3 per 1,000 populations in the global fight
against malaria.
• India’s approximately 2,038,000 reported cases represented 0.8% of the global malaria burden
in 2023.
• As of November 2024, 44 countries and one territory (Cabo Verde) have been certified
malaria free by WHO, with several others on track to achieve this status. Click here to read
more.

12. Which Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) has recently (in December ‘24) partnered with
IIT Mandi and Centre -for Study of Science, Technology, and Policy (CSTEP), developed and
released the report “District-Level Climate Risk Assessment for India: Mapping Flood and
Drought Risks Using IPCC Framework”?
1) IIT Goa
2) IIT Madras
3) IIT Kanpur
4) IIT Bombay
5) IIT Guwahati
Answer- 5) IIT Guwahati
Explanation:
In December 2024, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT)Guwahati (Assam) in partnership with IIT
Mandi (Himachal Pradesh, HP) and Bengaluru (Karnataka)-based Centre for Study of Science,
Technology, and Policy (CSTEP), developed and released the report titled “District-Level Climate Risk
Assessment for India: Mapping Flood and Drought Risks Using the Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change (IPCC) Framework” at IIT Delhi in New Delhi (Delhi).
• The report provides comprehensive in-depth analysis of flood and drought risks across 698
districts in India.
• The report was prepared with the support of the Department of Science and Technology (DST)
under the Ministry of Science and Technology(MoS&T) in partnership with the Swiss Agency
for Development and Cooperation (SDC).
• The report provides district-level flood and drought hazard, exposure, and vulnerability maps,
which helped in creating comprehensive flood and drought risk maps for India.
• The report has placed 51 districts into the ‘Very High’ flood risk category, and 118 districts
into the ‘High’ flood risk category.
• The report has further classified 91 districts in the ‘Very High’ drought risk category and 188
districts in the ‘High’ drought risk category.

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 • Among the top 50 districts with highest flood risk as well as highest drought risk, 11 Indian
districts are at ‘Very High’ risk for both floods and droughts, and emphasized on necessary
immediate interventions.
• The report has used the IPCC framework to identify the challenges posed by floods and
droughts and highlighted their impact on vulnerable populations. Click here to read more.

13. According to the recently (in December ‘24) released Bloomberg’s Richest Family 2024
Index, the Walton family of Walmart have secured the top spot as the world’s wealthiest family
with a net worth of____________________.
1) USD 432.4 billion
2) USD 563.9 billion
3) USD 624.8 billion
4) USD 712.3 billion
5) USD 896.7 billion
Answer- 1) USD 432.4 billion
Explanation:
According to the Bloomberg’s Richest Family 2024 Index, the Walton family of Walmart (United
States of America) have secured the top spot as the world’s wealthiest family with a net worth of USD
432.4 billion.
• The Al Nahayan Family (United Arab Emirates) secured the 2nd spot followed by the Al-
Thani Family (Qatar) gained the 3rd spot on the list.
• Amongst the Indian families, the Ambani family (USD 99.6 billion) and Mistrys of Shapoorji
Pallonji (USD 41.4 billion) family have secured spots in this global ranking at 8th and 23rd
respectively.
• The net worth of the Walmart family has surpassed the individual net worth of Elon Musk and
the combined wealth of royal families in the Middle East.
• The UAE’s Al Nahyan family led by Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan has a wealth of
USD 323.9 billion spanning across three generations. Ruling family of the UAE Government
and Source of wealth from Oil revenues
• Qatar’s Al Thani royal family spans across eight generations and has a total net worth of USD
172.9 billion. Revenues from Oil and offshore gas fields.
• The Hermes Family, the owners of the French luxury goods business with six generations and
over 100 members, held the 4th spot with a net worth of USD 170.6 billion.
• The US based Koch family, with three generations involved in the oil industry ranked at the
5th spot with a net worth of USD 148.5 billion.
• India’s richest saw their net worths increase as the top 20 have added USD 67.3 billion since
January 2024 — with the biggest gainers being Shiv Nadar (USD 10.8 billion) and Savitri
Jindal (USD 10.1 billion). Click here to read more.

14. In December 2024, Forbes, an American global media company released the 21st annual
ranking of the World’s 100 Most Powerful Women(MPW) list. Ursula von der Leyen, President
of the European Commission(EC) has topped the list.
Union Minister Nirmala Sitharaman, Ministry of Finance (MoF) and Ministry of Corporate
Affairs (MCA) ranked at _______ spot in the list.
1) 24th

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2) 28th
3) 46th
4) 81st
5) 82nd
Answer- 2) 28th
Explanation:
In December 2024, Forbes, an American global media company released the 21st annual ranking of
the World’s 100 Most Powerful Women(MPW) list. Union Minister Nirmala Sitharaman, Ministry
of Finance, MoF and Ministry of Corporate Affairs(MCA)(ranked at 28th spot) has topped among the 3
Indian women featured on the list.
• She is followed by Roshni Nadar Malhotra, Chairperson of HCL Technologies; and Kiran
Mazumdar-Shaw, Founder and Executive Chairperson of Biocon India Private Limited ranked
at 81st and 82nd spot on the list respectively.
• Ursula von der Leyen, President of the European Commission(EC) has topped the list for the
3rd consecutive year, followed by Christine Lagarde, President of European Central Bank
(ECB); Georgia Meloni, President of Italy ranked at 2nd and 3rd position respectively.
• This latest edition of the rankings has represented women on the list into 6 main categories:
business, technology, finance, media & entertainment, politics & policy, and philanthropy.
• Forbes used 4 main metrics: money, media, impact and spheres of influence, to determine
the rank within each category as well as overall rank on the list.
• Nirmala Sitharaman who was appointed as the Union Minister of Finance and Corporate
Affairs in 2019, became the 1st woman in India to hold these portfolios full-time and was
reappointed in 2024.
• She is currently serving as Member of Parliament (MP) in Rajya Sabha (the Upper of the
Parliament) from Karnataka constituency. Click here to read more.

15. In November 2024, Union Minister Amit Shah, Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA), inaugurated
the 59th Directors General of Police (DGsP) / Inspectors General of Police (IGsP) Conference in
Bhubaneswar, Odisha. He launched the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) book on the ‘Ranking
of Police Stations 2024.’
Which police station has secured the top position in the ‘Ranking of Police Stations 2024’?
1) Pattapur police station
2) Ichhapore police station
3) Nimiaghat police station
4) Aska Police Station
5) Teliamura Police Station
Answer- 2) Ichhapore police station
Explanation:
In November 2024, Union Minister Amit Shah, Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA), inaugurated the 59th
Directors General of Police (DGsP) / Inspectors General of Police (IGsP) Conference in Bhubaneswar,
Odisha. The conference was held in a hybrid format from 29 November to 1 December 2024.
• The conference was attended by Prime Minister (PM) of India Narendra Modi led the
discussions on the second and third days of the conference.

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 • During the conference, the President’s Police Medal for distinguished service was awarded,
the ‘Ranking of Police Stations 2024’ book released and trophies presented to top police
stations.
• The conference aims to address critical national security matters such as counter-
terrorism, left-wing extremism (LWE), coastal security, new criminal laws, and the fight
against narcotics.
• He presented Police Medals for Meritorious Service to 13 senior police officials and
launched the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA)’ book on the ‘Ranking of Police Stations
2024.’
• Additionally, trophies were awarded to the top three police stations.
1. The Ichhapore police station in Surat, Gujarat, secured the top position.
2. Pattapur police station in Ganjam district, Odisha secured the second position.
3. The Nimiaghat police station in Giridih district, Jharkhand, was ranked third best in
the country.

16. In December 2024, Hurun India in partnership with IDFC First Bank Limited released the
2nd edition of ‘India’s Top 200 Self-made Entrepreneurs of the Millenia 2024’.
Who among the following is ‘not’ in the top 5 of the list?
1) Radhakishan Shivkishan Damani
2) Deepinder Goyal
3) Sriharsha Majety
4) Abhay Soi
5) Harshil Mathur
Answer- 5) Harshil Mathur
Explanation:
On December 18 2024, Hurun India in partnership with IDFC First Bank Limited released the 2nd
edition of ‘India’s Top 200 Self-made Entrepreneurs of the Millenia 2024’. As per the report,
Radhakishan Shivkishan Damani, the founder of Avenue Supermarts Limited (DMart) has topped
the list for 2nd consecutive year, with a valuation of Rs 3.4 lakh crore, witnessing a growth of 44%.
• Deepinder Goyal, Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Zomato Media Private Limited is ranked at
2nd position (up from 3rd spot in 2023) and his net worth has significantly increased by 190%,
to over Rs 2.5 lakh crore.
• He is followed by Sriharsha Majety and Nandan Reddy, founders of Swiggy Private Limited
(India’s leading food delivery company) secured the 3rd spot on the list with net worth of Rs
1.01 lakh crore.
• Deep Kalra, Founder and Chairman of MakeMyTrip Limited and Rajesh Magow, Co-Founder
and Group Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of MakeMyTrip Limited, secured the 4th spot on the
list with net worth of Rs 99,300.
• Abhay Soi, Chairman & Managing Director of Max Healthcare Institute Limited secured the 5th
spot on the list with net worth of Rs 78,600.
• The combined valuation of companies on the list is Rs 36 lakh crores (USD 431 billion),
marking an increase of 20% compared to 2023.
• As per the report, Kaivalya Vohra (22 year-old), co-founder of Zepto, has been again named
as India’s youngest self-made entrepreneur.

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 • Falguni Nayar (ranked at 10th spot), the founder and CEO of Nykaa, has topped among all the
Indian women entrepreneurs featured on the list, with a total valuation of Rs 56,600 crore
(30% increase compared to last year). Click here to read more.

17. Which ministry/organisation has recently (in December ‘24) released a report “Site
Adjacent Factory Employee (SAFE) Accommodation: Worker Housing for Manufacturing
Growth” that highlights the importance of secure, affordable, flexible, and efficient housing
solutions for industrial workers?
1) NITI Aayog
2) Confederation of Indian Industry
3) Ministry of Labour and Employment
4) Employees’ State Insurance Corporation
5) Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs
Answer- 1) NITI Aayog
Explanation:
On December 19 2024, National Institution for Transforming India (NITI) Aayog chaired by Prime
Minister (PM) Narendra Modi released a report titled “Site Adjacent Factory Employee(SAFE)
Accommodation: Worker Housing for Manufacturing Growth.” The report highlights the importance of
secure, affordable, flexible, and efficient housing solutions for industrial workers to support India’s
manufacturing growth.
• The initiative was launched as part of the Union Budget 2024-25, with the aim of addressing
worker accommodation challenges in industrial zones across India.
• It will be executed under a Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model, with Viability Gap Funding
(VGF) support and contributions from anchor industries which will lead to enhanced
productivity, lower attrition and increased investment in the manufacturing sector.
• The report emphasizes the need for well-planned housing near industrial hubs to ensure a
stable workforce, vital for meeting India’s manufacturing targets.
• Adequate housing directly impacts workforce productivity, reduces attrition rates and
supports India’s vision of becoming a global manufacturing hub.
• India is aiming to elevate its manufacturing sector’s contribution to Gross Domestic Product
(GDP) from the current 17% to 25% as part of its long term vision of achieving ‘Viksit Bharat’
by 2047.
• According to the Economic Survey 2023-24, India needs to generate 7.85 million jobs annually
until 2030 to sustain its economic growth trajectory.
• As the country progresses towards becoming a USD 5 trillion economy, addressing worker’s
accommodation challenges is a priority. Click here to read more.

18. Which country has recently (in December ‘24) topped the global list for mobile malware
attacks, accounting for 28% of worldwide attacks as per the “Zscaler ThreatLabz 2024 Mobile,
IoT, and OT Threat Report”?
1) United States
2) Canada
3) India
4) Germany
5) Singapore

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Answer- 3) India
Explanation:
According to the “Zscaler ThreatLabz 2024 Mobile, IoT, and OT Threat Report” by Zscaler Inc.,
headquartered in United States America(USA), India tops the list globally in mobile malware attacks,
accounting for 28 % of worldwide attacks. This marks a significant jump from its previous 3rd place
ranking in 2023. India surpasses the United States (US) at 27.3% and Canada at 15.9%.
• A dataset covering over 20 billion threat-related mobile transactions and associated cyber
threats, spanning from June 2023 to May 2024.
• The United States remains the top target of Internet of Things (IoT) attacks, experiencing
81% of overall attacks, followed by Singapore, the UK, Germany, and Canada.
• Manufacturing experienced the highest volume of IoT attacks, accounting for 36% of all IoT
malware blocks observed, followed by transportation (14%) and food, beverage & tobacco
(11%). Meanwhile, the technology and education sectors were most targeted by mobile
threats.
• Indian postal services are now targets for cybercriminals using SMS phishing to steal credit
card details from mobile users.
• Enterprises must adopt a zero-trust security framework to protect critical operations and
respond to increasing threats. A significant number of these threats have the ability to bypass
Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA).
• Nearly 50% of mobile attacks are trojans, a type of malicious software (malware). Over 200
malicious applications were discovered on Google Play, and there was a 45% rise in IoT
malware transactions, highlighting the expanding scale of cyber threats.

19. Which state has recently (in December ‘24) topped among all states in India rooftop solar
installations under ‘Prime Minister -Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana (PMSGMBY)’ as per the data
released by Ministry of New and Renewable Energy?
1) Maharashtra
2) Uttar Pradesh
3) West Bengal
4) Kerala
5) Gujarat
Answer- 5) Gujarat
Explanation:
According to the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) data released in December 2024,
Gujarat, Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh (UP) are the top 3 states with the highest number of
rooftop solar installations under ‘Prime Minister -Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana(PMSGMBY)’.
• As per the data, Gujarat has topped among all states in the country with 2,86,545 rooftop
solar installations, followed by Maharashtra (with 1,26,344 installations) and UP (with 53,423
installations) ranked at 2nd and 3rd spot, respectively.
• As of December 9, 2024, more than 6.79 lakh installations (total households covered) have
been completed since the launch of scheme in February 2024.
• So far, total 1.45 crore registrations and 26.38 lakh applications have been registered on the
National Portal of the scheme and also subsidies have been disbursed to 3.66 lakh applicants.

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 • The data showed that 6 states: Gujarat, Maharashtra, UP, Kerala (with over 56,000
installations), Tamil Nadu (TN) (with over 21,000 installations), and Rajasthan (with over
20,000), collectively account for about 88% of the total rooftop solar installations to date.
• The Union Cabinet chaired by Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi approved the PM-Surya
Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana on 29th February, 2024.
• The Government of India (GoI) has allocated Rs 75,021 crore for the scheme and is to be
implemented till Financial Year 2026-27 (FY27).
• The scheme offers households a subsidy of up to 40% to install solar panels on roofs.
• The scheme is expected to generate an additional 30 GigaWatt (GW) of solar capacity through
residential rooftop installations.
• The scheme which aims to cover 1 crore households, will further help the Government to
save Rs 75,000 crore annually in electricity costs.
• The scheme is expected to generate 1,000 billion units of electricity and reduce Carbon
Dioxide (CO2) emissions by 720 million tonnes. Click here to read more.

20. According to the World Bank (WB)’s recent (in December ‘24) data, India has emerged as
the topmost recipient of remittances among Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) in
2024 with an estimated inflow of _______________________.
1) USD 122 billion
2) USD 123 billion
3) USD 125 billion
4) USD 127 billion
5) USD 129 billion
Answer- 5) USD 129 billion
Explanation:
According to the World Bank (WB)’s latest data, India has emerged as the topmost recipient of
remittances among Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) in 2024, with an estimated inflow of
USD 129 billion, witnessed an increase of 3.2% compared to USD 125 billion in 2023.
• India is followed by Mexico (USD 68 billion), China (USD 48 billion), the Philippines (USD 40
billion), and Pakistan (USD 33 billion). This surge is mainly attributed to a recovery in the job
markets in High-Income Countries (HICs) within the Organisation for Economic Co-operation
and Development (OECD).
• As per the data, remittance inflows globally increased by 5.8% in 2024 compared to modest
growth of 1.2% registered in 2023.
• The report highlighted that officially recorded remittances to LMICs are projected to reach USD
685 billion in 2024.
• The report noted that remittance inflows account very large percentage of Gross Domestic
Product (GDP) in smaller economies like: Tajikistan (45% of GDP), followed by Tonga
(38.2%), Nicaragua (27.2%), Lebanon (26.6%), and Samoa (25.9%), among others, highlighting
the significance of remittances for funding the current account and shortfalls.
• As per the report, the gap between remittances and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is
estimated to widen further in 2024.
• South Asia region is projected to register the highest increase in terms of remittance flows i.e.
at 11.8% in 2024 (compared to an increase of 5.1% in 2023). This growth is driven mainly by
continued strong flows to India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh.

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 • While, most of the regions are expected to witness growth in remittance flows compared to last
year, except: Latin America and the Caribbean region is estimated to slow to 5.5% (in 2024),
from 7.5% (in 2023). Click here to read more.

21. Which route ranked as the 8th busiest domestic route in the world, according to the report
titled “Busiest Flight Routes in the World 2024” recently (in December ‘24) released by global
travel data provider Official Airline Guide (OAG)?
1) Chennai-Bengaluru
2) Mumbai(BoM)-Delhi
3) Kolkata-Delhi
4) Hyderabad-Mumbai
5) Bengaluru-Delhi
Answer- 2) Mumbai(BoM)-Delhi
Explanation:
In December 2024, the United Kingdom (UK) based global travel data provider Official Airline Guide
(OAG) released a report titled “Busiest Flight Routes in the World 2024”. According to the report, the
Mumbai(BoM)-Delhi route in India ranked the 8th busiest domestic route in the world in 2024, with
airlines operating 7.963 million seats. In 2023, it was in 9th place with 7.276 million seats.
i.The Busiest International Airline Route in 2024 is Hong Kong(HKG) to Taipei (TPE) with 6.8 million
seats.
ii.Cairo(CAI) to Jeddah(JED) with 5.5 million seats and Seoul Incheon(ICN) to Tokyo Narita (NRT) 5.4
million seats secured 2nd and 3rd position, respectively in the Busiest International Airline Route in
2024. Click here to read more

22. According to the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) report titled “State Finances: A Study of
Budgets of 2024-25,” the state governments were appreciated for the progress made towards
fiscal consolidation by containing their total Gross Fiscal Deficit (GFD) within ______ of Gross
Domestic Product (GDP) for three consecutive years (2021-22 to 2023-24)?
1) 2%
2) 2.5%
3) 3%
4) 3.5%
5) 4%
Answer- 3) 3%
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) released a report titled “State Finances: A Study of
Budgets of 2024-25”. The report has cautioned about sops like farm loan waiver, free electricity and
transport, by state governments could possibly crowd out their resources for social and economic
infrastructure development.
i.The theme of the report is “Fiscal Reforms by States”. It provides a comprehensive assessment of the
finances of State governments for Financial Year 2024-25(FY25) against the backdrop of actual and
revised/provisional accounts for FY23 and FY24, respectively.
ii.The report has appreciated the state governments for the progress made towards fiscal
consolidation by containing their total Gross Fiscal Deficit (GFD) within 3% of Gross Domestic Product

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(GDP) for 3 consecutive years (2021-22 to 2023-24), while limiting their revenue deficit to 0.2% of
GDP in Financial Year 2022-23 (FY23) and FY24.
Click here to read more

23. Which of the following points is/are ‘correct’ with respect to the 18th edition of ‘India State
of Forest Report (ISFR 2023)’ on Volume I and Volume II released by Union Minister
Bhupender Yadav, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) in December
2024?
A) India’s total forest stands at 7,15,342.61 square kilometers (sq km), which is around
21.76% of the geographical area of India.
B) Highest forest cover: Madhya Pradesh (MP) (77,073 sq km) followed by Arunachal Pradesh
(AR) (65,882 sq km) and Chhattisgarh (55,812 sq km) are the top three states having largest
forest cover in Area wise.
C) Rajasthan (14,524.88 sq km) covers the highest tree cover in India followed by Maharashtra
(10,841.12 sq km) and Uttar Pradesh (UP) (8,950.92 sq km).
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C
3) Only B & C
4) Only C
5) All A, B & C
Answer- 1) Only A & B
Explanation:
On December 21 2024, Union Minister, Bhupender Yadav, Ministry of Environment, Forest and
Climate Change (MoEFCC) released the 18th edition of ‘India State of Forest Report(ISFR 2023)’ on
Volume I and Volume II at Forest Research Institute (FRI) in Dehradun, Uttarakhand.
• The ISFR report was brought out by the Forest Survey of India (FSI), MoEFCC on a biennial
basis in 1987.
• The ISFR 2023 report provides vital information on Forest and Tree resources of the country,
based on 2 major activities: Forest Cover Mapping (FCM) and National Forest Inventory (NFI)
• Total Forest & Tree Cover: 8,27,356.95 sq km (25.17% of India’s area). Forest cover:
7,15,342.61 sq km (21.76%) and Tree cover: 1,12,014.34 sq km (3.41%).
• Highest forest cover: MP (77,073 sq km) followed by Arunachal Pradesh(AR) (65,882 sq km)
and Chhattisgarh (55,812 sq km) are the top three states having largest forest cover in Area
wise.
• Top 3 states of Tree cover: Maharashtra (14,524.88 sq km) covers the highest tree cover in
India followed by Rajasthan (10,841.12 sq km) and Uttar Pradesh (UP) (8,950.92 sq km).
• The total annual potential production of timber from trees outside forest has been estimated
as 91.51 million cum.
• The total carbon stock in the forest is estimated to be 7,285.5 million tonnes (increase of 81.5
million tonnes). Click here to read more.

24. Which organisation has recently (in December ‘24) launched its assessment report on the
Interlinkages Among Biodiversity, Water, Food and Health known as the Nexus Report?
1) World Health Organization
2) World Wildlife Fund

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3) World Food Programme
4) United Nations Environment Programme
5) Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services
Answer- 5) Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services
Explanation:
On December 17 2024, the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem
Services (IPBES) launched its assessment report on the Interlinkages Among Biodiversity, Water,
Food and Health known as the Nexus Report.
• As per the report, Pollution is a main driver responsible for degradation of biodiversity, water
quality and human health.
• The report has identified 5 ‘nexus elements’ including: biodiversity, water, food, health and
climate change, and found that all these elements are interconnected, influence each other and
have consequences when combined.
• As per the report, 90% of premature deaths from pollution are reported from Low-and-Middle-
Income Countries (LMICs) and found air pollution was the reason for these premature deaths.
• The report highlighted that for the past 30 to 50 years, all assessed indicators indicate that
biodiversity is declining by 2 to 6% per decade.
• As per the report, the finance gaps to meet thebiodiversity requirements are USD 300 billion
to USD 1 trillion annually, and required additional investments to meet the SDGs most directly
related to water, food, health and climate change are minimum USD 4 trillion annually. Click
here to read more.

25. In December 2024, the National Statistical Office (NSO), Ministry of Statistics and
Programme Implementation (MoSPI) released the results of ‘Annual Survey of Unincorporated
Sector Enterprises (ASUSE) for 2023-24’.
The number of new establishments in the unincorporated non-agricultural sector has
increased from 5.34 million during 2022-23 to _______________ in 2023-24.
1) 6.52 million
2) 7.63 million
3) 8.35 million
4) 9.27 million
5) 10.14 million
Answer- 3) 8.35 million
Explanation:
In December 2024, the National Statistical Office (NSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme
Implementation (MoSPI) released the results of ‘Annual Survey of Unincorporated Sector Enterprises
(ASUSE) for 2023-24’. The report has covered the time period from October 2023 to September
2024.
• As per the report, fresh new employment creation in the unincorporated non-agricultural
sector slowed in October 2023 to September 2024 period, with additional job generation
declining to 10.97 million compared to 11.74 million in October 2022- September 2023.
• The number of new establishments in the unincorporated non-agricultural sector has
increased from 5.34 million during 2022-23 to 8.35 million in 2023-24.

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 • The report highlighted that the total number of unincorporated establishments increased
significantly from 65 million (in 2022-23) to 73.4 million (in 2023-24), registering a growth
of 12.84%.
• Also, the number of establishments in the “Other Services” sector which includes activities
like transportation, communication, real estate and finance, among others, registered a growth
of 23.55% followed by a 13% increase recorded by the manufacturing sector.
• The number of workers employed in the sector has increased from 109.6 million between
October 2022-September 2023 to 120.6 million between October 2023 and September 2024.
• The report also showed Gross Value Added (GVA) by the unincorporated non-agricultural
sector, increased by 16.52% from Rs 15.42 trillion (in October 2022-September 2023) to Rs
17.97 trillion (in October 2023-September 2024).
• Also, average emolument per hired worker increased by 13%, to Rs 1.41 lakh in 2023-24 from
Rs 1.24 lakh in 2022-23, indicating improvement in wage signals. Click here to read more.

26. As per the Household Consumption Expenditure Survey: 2023-24 (HCES: 2023-24) recently
(in December ‘24) released by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation
(MoSPI), the average Monthly Per Capita Consumption Expenditure (MPCE) in rural and urban
India has been estimated to be ____________ and ________________ respectively.
1) Rs 3,585 and Rs 6,551
2) Rs 4,122 and Rs 6,996
3) Rs 3,800 and Rs 6,200
4) Rs 4,708 and Rs 7,188
5) Rs 5,911 and Rs 7,824
Answer- 2) Rs 4,122 and Rs 6,996
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) released the
results of Household Consumption Expenditure Survey: 2023-24 (HCES: 2023-24). As per the
latest survey, the average Monthly Per Capita Consumption Expenditure (MPCE) in rural and urban
India has been estimated to be Rs 4,122 and Rs 6,996, respectively in 2023-24, without considering
the values of items received free of cost by the households through various social welfare
programmes.
• While, the average MPCE (without imputation) in nominal terms has increased by about 8%
and 9% in urban and rural areas of the country, respectively in 2023-24 from the level of
2022-23.
• The survey showed that the urban-rural gap in MPCE has decreased from 84% (in 2011-12) to
71% (in 2022-23), which has further decreased to 70% (in 2023-24) which reflects
sustained momentum of consumption growth in rural areas.
• As per the survey, Non-food items continue to be the major contributor to average monthly
expenditure of households in 2023-24 with about 53% and 60% share in MPCE in rural and
urban areas respectively.
• States with highest average MPCE for urban areas in 2023-24: Telangana (Rs 8,978); Tamil
Nadu (TN) (Rs 8,165); Karnataka (Rs 8,076); Maharashtra (Rs 7,363) and Andhra Pradesh (AP)
(Rs 7,182).
• States with highest average MPCE for rural areas in 2023-24: Kerala (Rs 6,611); Punjab (Rs
5,817); TN (Rs 5,701) and Telangana (Rs 5,435).

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 • Sikkim reported the highest MPCE among all the Indian states, with Rs 9,377 in rural areas
and Rs 13,927 in urban areas for 2023-24.
• Chandigarh reported the highest MPCE among all the UTs, with Rs 8,857 in rural areas and Rs
13,425 in urban areas for 2023-24. Click here to read more.

27. In December 2024, Department of Economic Affairs (DEA), Ministry of Finance (MoF)
released its Monthly Economic Review for November 2024. As per the report, the Indian
economy is likely to grow at ________ in Financial Year 2024-25 (FY25).
1) 6.2%
2) 6.3%
3) 6.4%
4) 6.5%
5) 6.6%
Answer- 4) 6.5%
Explanation:
In December 2024, Department of Economic Affairs (DEA), Ministry of Finance (MoF) released its
Monthly Economic Review for November 2024. As per the report, the Indian economy is likely to grow
at 6.5% in Financial Year 2024-25 (FY25) compared to its previous projection of 6.5% to 7%, due to
challenges posed by global uncertainties and triggers.
• This projection came following India’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) fell to 5.4% in the
2nd Quarter (Q2: July to September) of FY25.
• The report has cited the Reserve Bank of India (RBI)’s tight monetary policy among the
reasons for the slowdown in the 1st Half (H1: April to September) of FY25.
• As per the report, India’s GDP growth outlook for 3rd Quarter (Q3: October to December)
of FY25 appears bright, with urban demand picking up in the 1st two months of the
quarter.
• The report mentioned that factors like: an increase in the Minimum Support Price (MSP) for
rabi crops, a high reservoir level, and adequate fertilizer availability supported the sowing
of rabi crops.
• The report showed that the rural demand remains resilient as sales of two and three-
wheeler and domestic tractor have increased by 23.2% and 9.8%, respectively.

ACQUISITION AND MERGERS

1. Which of the following points is/are correct with respect to the approval of the Competition
Commission of India (CCI) on 26th November 2024?
A) CCI has approved MUFG Bank, Ltd.’s acquisition of additional securities in DMI Finance
Private Limited, increasing its shareholding to 20%.
B) It has approved Kotak Mahindra Bank Limited’s acquisition of the unsecured personal loans
portfolio worth Rs 4100 crore from Standard Chartered Bank, India Branch.
C) CCI has approved Shoreline International Holdings LLC’s investment in Flipkart Private
Limited through a share subscription.
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C

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3) Only B & C
4) Only C
5) All A, B & C
Answer- 5) All A, B & C
Explanation:
On 26th November 2024, the Competition Commission of India (CCI) has approved the following
proposals:
• CCI has approved acquisition of shares in Rebel Foods Private Limited by Jongsong
Investments Private Limited, involving the subscription to compulsorily convertible preference
shares and the purchase of equity shares.
• CCI has approved MUFG Bank, Ltd.’s acquisition of additional securities in DMI Finance Private
Limited, increasing its shareholding to 20%.
• CCI has approved Kotak Mahindra Bank Limited’s acquisition of the unsecured personal loans
portfolio worth Rs 4100 crore from Standard Chartered Bank, India Branch.
• CCI has approved Shoreline International Holdings LLC’s investment in Flipkart Private
Limited through a share subscription, along with an arrangement for service provision
between an affiliate of Shoreline and Flipkart’s subsidiary.
• CCI has approved Starcin Holding France SAS’s acquisition of 100% of the shares in Fosroc Top
One Limited, Fosroc Top Two Limited, and Fosroc Supply FZE, collectively known as the Target
Companies.

2. Tata Electronics Private Limited (TEPL) has recently (in November ‘24) acquired a 60%
stake in Pegatron’s (a Taiwanese Contract Manufacturer) iPhone plant forming a Joint Venture
(JV).
Where is Pegatron's iPhone plant located?
1) Gujarat
2) Maharashtra
3) Karnataka
4) Tamil Nadu
5) Andhra Pradesh
Answer- 4) Tamil Nadu
Explanation:
Tata Electronics Private Limited (TEPL) has acquired a 60% stake in Pegatron’s (a Taiwanese
Contract Manufacturer) iPhone plant in Chennai (Tamil Nadu, TN), forming a Joint Venture (JV).
• TEPL owns 60% and manages daily operations while Pegatron will have a 40% stake and
provide technical support.
• The companies plan to seek approval from the Competition Commission of India (CCI).
TEPL already operates an iPhone assembly plant in Karnataka, and is also building another
plant in Hosur in TN.
• This deal strengthens Tata’s position as an Apple supplier and aims to enhance iPhone
manufacturing in India amid Apple’s efforts to diversify its supply chain.

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3. Which of the following points is/are correct with respect to the approval of the Competition
Commission of India (CCI) on 3rd December 2024?
A) The CCI has approved the acquisition of certain shareholding of Shiprocket Private Limited
(Shiprocket) by Tokyo (Japan)-based MUFG Bank Limited.
B) It has also granted its approval to the United States of America (USA)-based early venture
capital firm, KDT Venture Holdings, LLC (KDT) proposal of acquiring certain stakes in
Shiprocket Private Limited (Shiprocket).
C) It has approved the subscription to Optionally Convertible Debentures (OCDs) of GMR Infra
Enterprises Private Limited by Platinum Stone A 2014 Trust.
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C
3) Only B & C
4) Only C
5) All A, B & C
Answer- 5) All A, B & C
Explanation:
On 3rd December 2024, the Competition Commission of India (CCI) has approved various proposals:
• The CCI has approved the acquisition of certain shareholding of Shiprocket Private Limited
(Shiprocket) by Tokyo (Japan)-based MUFG Bank Limited, which is a wholly-owned
subsidiary of Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group, Inc. (MUFG).
• The CCI has also granted its approval to the United States of America (USA)-based early
venture capital firm, KDT Venture Holdings, LLC (KDT) proposal of acquiring certain stakes
in Shiprocket Private Limited (Shiprocket).
• The CCI has approved the subscription to Optionally Convertible Debentures (OCDs) of GMR
Infra Enterprises Private Limited by Platinum Stone A 2014 Trust, a trust established under
the Abu Dhabi Global Market, with its sole beneficiary being the Abu Dhabi Investment
Authority (ADIA). Click here to read more.

4. Which organisation has recently (in November ‘24) approved Roshni Nadar to acquire a
majority shareholding in two promoter group companies (Hindustan Computers Limited) HCL
Group, HCL Technologies Limited and HCL Infosystems Limited?
1) Ministry of Corporate Affairs
2) Reserve Bank of India
3) Competition Commission of India
4) Securities and Exchange Board of India
5) National Company Law Tribunal
Answer- 4) Securities and Exchange Board of India
Explanation:
The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has granted approval to Roshni Nadar to acquire a
majority shareholding in two promoter group companies of (Hindustan Computers Limited) HCL
Group, HCL Technologies Limited and HCL Infosystems Limited from her father, Shiv Nadar. HCL Corp
is a non-deposit taking systematically important non-banking finance company (NBFC).
• Roshni Nadar will acquire a 47% stake each in Vama Sundari Investments Private Limited
(VSIPL) and HCL Corporation Private Limited, increasing her stake in these companies to
57%.

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 • Currently, In HCL Infosystems, HCL Corp holds 49.95 per cent of the equity share capital,
while VSIPL has a 12.94 per cent holding.
• HCLTech Ownership: VSIPL holds 44.17%, and HCL Corp holds 0.17%.

5. Which of the following points is/are ‘correct’ with respect to the approval of the Competition
Commission of India (CCI) on 10th December 2024?
A) The CCI has approved the combined acquisition of certain shareholding in Bagmane
Developers Private Limited and Bagmane Rio Private Limited by Blackstone Inc.with over USD
3 trillion in Asset Under Management (AUM).
B) The CCI has approved the acquisition of stake in India Business Excellence Fund-IV, a
Category-II Alternative Investment Fund (AIF) registered with the Securities Exchange Board
of India (SEBI) by VVDN Technologies Private Limited.
C) The CCI has approved the proposal of Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC) to acquire
petrochemical-producing company Covestro AG (Covestro) for USD 16.4 billion.
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C
3) Only B & C
4) Only C
5) All A, B & C
Answer- 3) Only B & C
Explanation:
On December 10 2024, the Competition Commission of India (CCI) has approved the following
proposals:
• The CCI has approved the combined acquisition of certain shareholding in Bagmane
Developers Private Limited and Bagmane Rio Private Limited, are part of Bengaluru
(Karnataka)-based Bagmane Group by the BREP Asia III India Holding Co VIII Pte. Ltd., arm of
the United States of America (USA)-based Blackstone Inc. which is the world’s largest
alternative asset manager with over USD 1 trillion in Asset Under Management (AUM).
• The CCI has approved the acquisition of stake in India Business Excellence Fund-IV, a
Category-II Alternative Investment Fund (AIF) registered with the Securities Exchange Board
of India (SEBI) by Gurugram (Haryana)-based product engineering and manufacturing
company VVDN Technologies Private Limited.
• The CCI has approved the proposal of Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC), a state-
owned oil company of the UAE to acquire Leverkusen (Germany)-based petrochemical-
producing company Covestro AG (Covestro) for USD 16.4 billion.
• The CCI has approved the acquisition of 100% share capital of Nashik (Maharashtra)-based
Thyssenkrupp Electrical Steel India Private Limited (Thyssenkrupp India) by Nashik
(Maharashtra)-based Jsquare Electrical Steel Nashik Private Limited (Jsquare) which is a
wholly-owned subsidiary of JSW JFE Electrical Steel (J2ES). Click here to read more.

6. In December 2024, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) approved the Burman family’s open offer
to acquire an additional 26% stake in which Non-Banking Financial Company (NBFC) for Rs.
2116 crore?
1) Bajaj Finance Limited
2) Muthoot Finance Limited

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3) Shriram Finance Limited
4) Religare Enterprises Limited
5) Manappuram Finance Limited
Answer- 4) Religare Enterprises Limited
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) approved the Burman family’s open offer to
acquire an additional 26% stake in the Non-Banking Financial Company (NBFC) Religare Enterprises
Limited (REL) for Rs.2116 crore.
• As of September 30, 2024, the Burman family owns a 25.12% stake in REL, which increased
above 51% after the RBI approval.
• The central bank also directed the maintenance of the current board/management
structure of REL.
• The acquirers are advised to consolidate the NBFCs in the resulting structure/ group (both
Burman and Religare group) as soon as possible and not later than March 31, 2026.
• Burmans’ is yet to receive approval from the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)
over its proposed open offer.

7.Which company has recently (in December ‘2024) acquired 84.44% stake of Shriram
Housing Finance Limited (SHFL) from Shriram Finance Limited (SFL) for Rs 3,929 crore?
1) Carlyle Group
2) Blackstone
3) Warburg Pincus
4) Bain Capital
5) TPG Capital
Answer: 3) Warburg Pincus
Explanation:
In December 2024, Chennai (Tamil Nadu)-based Shriram Finance Limited (SFL), a Non-Banking
Finance Company (NBFC) and the flagship company of the Shriram Group, completed the sale of its
entire 84.44% stake in its subsidiary, Shriram Housing Finance Limited (SHFL) to the United States of
America (USA)-based investment firm Warburg Pincus for Rs 3,929 crore.
i.The deal was finalized with Warburg Pincus’s affiliate, Mango Crest Investment Ltd., after obtaining
all necessary regulatory approvals.
ii.This transaction, first announced in May 2024, also involves Valiant Capital Partners LP, based in
San Francisco (USA). The private equity firm, which owned the remaining stake in SHFL, will also
divest its entire equity stake to Warburg Pincus.
iii.The sale allows SFL to focus on its core operations and pursue growth opportunities.

8. In December 2024, CCI approved the proposal of UltraTech Cement Limited to acquire a
majority stake of India Cements Limited (ICL).
In this proposed arrangement, UltraTech (Acquirer) will acquire __________ of the paid-up equity
share capital of ICL (Target) from the promoters and members of the promoter group worth Rs
3,954 crore.
1) 23.68%
2) 29.85%
3) 35.27%

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4) 32.72%
5) 38.54%
Answer- 4) 32.72%
Explanation:
In December 2024, CCI has approved the proposal of Mumbai (Maharashtra)-based UltraTech
Cement Limited, a flagship company of Aditya Birla Group to acquire majority stake of Chennai
(Tamil Nadu, TN)-based India Cements Limited (ICL), a public listed company in India and operates
both core and non-core businesses.
• In this proposed arrangement, UltraTech (Acquirer), a public listed company in India, which
works primarily in the business of the manufacture and sale of grey cement, white cement, and
building products in India, will acquire 32.72% of the paid-up equity share capital of ICL
(Target) from the promoters and members of the promoter group of India Cements and Sri
Saradha Logistics Private Limited worth Rs 3,954 crore.
• CCI has also approved the proposal of UltraTech to acquire another 26% of the paid-up equity
share capital of ICL from its stakeholders through an open offer worth Rs 3,142.35 crore.
• Note: CCI Approved Proposal of Temasek’s Ramon to Buy Stake in Speed JVco.

9. Which bank has recently (in December ‘24) received approval from the Reserve Bank of
India (RBI) to sell part of its shares in Robeco Asset Management Company Limited and HSBC
Life Insurance Company Limited?
1) State Bank of India
2) Punjab National Bank
3) Bank of Baroda
4) Canara Bank Limited
5) Union Bank of India
Answer- 4) Canara Bank Limited
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has approved Bengaluru (Karnataka)-based
Canara Bank Limited’s, a public sector bank (PSB), plan to sell part of its shares in Canara Robeco
Asset Management Company (CRAMC) Limited headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra and Canara
HSBC Life Insurance Company Limited, based in Gurgaon, Haryana.
i.In March 2024, Canara Bank’s board approved the sale of its stakes in two subsidiaries.
ii.The bank will reduce its stake by 13% in CRAMC and 5% in Canara HSBC Life Insurance through an
Initial Public Offer (IPO).
iii.Based on an exemption granted by the Government of India (GoI), the bank must lower its stake in
both companies to 30% by October 31, 2029.
iv.Canara HSBC Life Insurance, set up in 2008, is a Joint Venture (JV) with Canara Bank owning 51%,
HSBC Insurance Holdings Limited holding 26%, and Punjab National Bank (PNB) owns the remaining
23%.
v.CRAMC was established in 1993, originally known as Canbank Mutual Fund. In 2007, Canara Bank
entered a JV with the Robeco Group, and the mutual fund (MF) was renamed CRMAC.
vi.Canara Bank owns 51% of stake in CRMAC, with Japan’s Orix Corporation holding the remaining
49%.

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 DEFENCE
1. To which country the first batch of the Indian manufactured and the most indigenously
developed Pinaka Multi-Barrel Rocket Launchers (MBRL) were recently (in November ‘24)
exported?
1) Gambia
2) Turkey
3) France
4) Armenia
5) United States Turkey
Answer- 4) Armenia
Explanation:
On November 24 2024, the first batch of the Indian manufactured and the most indigenously
developed Pinaka Multi-Barrel Rocket Launchers (MBRL) were exported to Armenia.
• In 2022, Armenia and India signed a contract worth Rs 2,000 crore for the supply of rocket
launchers. The Indian side confirmed that Armenia had ordered 3 models of Pinaka rocket
systems, which were to be transported from New Delhi to Yerevan by 2024.
• Armenia is one of 3 largest buyers of Indian weapons and equipment along with the
(United States) US and France.
• MBRL was designed by the Armament Research and Development Establishment (ARDE), a
laboratory of the DRDO aimed at providing the army with firepower superiority that would
reduce casualties to soldiers in war.
• India simultaneously delivered two types of defense equipment to Armenia: DRDO-
developed rocket launchers and the Akash air defense missile system, showcasing its
commitment to strengthening Armenia’s defense capabilities.

2. Where was the 11th edition of Indian Coast Guard (ICG)’s National Maritime Search and
Rescue Exercise & Workshop (SAREX-24) held from 28th to 29th November 2024?
1) Kochi, Kerala
2) Mumbai, Maharashtra
3) Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh
4) Chennai, Tamil Nadu
5) Vasco Da Gama, Goa
Answer- 1) Kochi, Kerala
Explanation:
The 11th edition of Indian Coast Guard (ICG)’s National Maritime Search and Rescue Exercise &
Workshop (SAREX-24) was held in Kochi, Kerala from 28th to 29th November 2024.
• It is a biennial exercise, which was conducted under the aegis of New Delhi (Delhi)-based
National Maritime Search and Rescue Board (NMSARB).
• Theme of SAREX-24: “Enhancing Search and Rescue capabilities through Regional
collaboration”.
• The 1st day of the exercise featured several programmes, including table-top exercise,
workshop & seminars which involved participation of senior officials from government
agencies, ministries and armed forces, among others.

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 • The 2nd of the sea exercise involved two large scale contingencies carried out off Kochi coast
and saw the participation of ships and aircrafts of ICG, Indian Navy (IN), Indian Air Force (IAF),
passenger vessel and tug from Cochin Port Authority (CPA) and boats from the Customs.
• The 1st contingency stimulated distress onboard a passenger vessel carrying 500 passengers
onboard, while the second scenario showed civil aircraft with 200 passengers.

3. Where was the India-Singapore bilateral military exercise ‘Agni Warrior (XAW-2024)’ held
from 28 to 30 November 2024?
1) Odisha
2) Goa
3) Maharashtra
4) Gujarat
5) Andhra Pradesh
Answer- 3) Maharashtra
Explanation:
The India-Singapore bilateral military exercise ‘Agni Warrior (XAW-2024)’ was held at the Devlali
Field Firing Ranges in Maharashtra from November 28 to November 30. This annual exercise is part
of the ongoing defense collaboration between the two nations and aims to enhance cooperation and
interoperability between their artillery units.
• The 13th edition of Joint Military Exercise intends to showcase joint firepower planning and
execution, utilizing New Generation Equipment by the artillery arms of both armies.
• The Agni Warrior Exercise has been conducted under the Army Bilateral Agreement between
India and Singapore since 2004.
• The aim of XAW-2024 was to maximise mutual understanding of drills and procedures to
achieve jointness as a multinational force under the United Nations(UN) Charter.
• The exercise involved the exchange of best practices and advanced techniques, enhancing
operational understanding and strengthening mutual trust between the Indian Army and
Singapore Armed Forces.
• As both countries approach 60 years of diplomatic relations in 2025, their defense ties have
deepened.

4. From which submarine, the Indian Navy recently (in November ‘24) tested the K-4 nuclear-
capable ballistic missile?
1) INS Arihant
2) INS Arighaat
3) INS Vikrant
4) INS Chakra
5) INS Aridhaman
Answer- 2) INS Arighaat
Explanation:
On 28th November 2024, the Indian Navy (IN) successfully tested the K-4 nuclear-capable ballistic
missile from its newly commissioned submarine, INS Arighaat.
• The K-4, with a range of 3,500 km, is an upgrade over the K-15 missiles used on INS Arihant,
which have a range of 750 km.

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 • INS Arighaat, India’s 2nd nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine, was commissioned
in August 2024 and is equipped with advanced Defence Research and Development
Organisation (DRDO)-developed technology.
• The submarine has 4 launch tubes capable of carrying 12 K-15 Sagarika Submarine-Launched
Ballistic Missile (SLBM) with a range of 750 km or four K-4 SLBMs with a range of 3,500 km.
• The test strengthens India’s nuclear triad, with land, air, and sea-based capabilities.
• India’s sea-based deterrence is reinforced by INS Arihant and INS Arighaat, with the third, INS
Aridhaman, set to be commissioned in 2025.

5. Exercise CINBAX, a Joint Table Top Exercise (TTX) between the Indian Army (IA) and which
nation's Army began in December 2024 at the Foreign Training Node in Pune, Maharashtra.
1) Colombia
2) Canada
3) Czech Republic
4) Cambodia
5) China
Answer- 4) Cambodia
Explanation:
On December 1 2024, the inaugural edition of Exercise CINBAX, a Joint Table Top Exercise (TTX)
between the Indian Army(IA) and Cambodian Army commenced at the Foreign Training Node in Pune,
Maharashtra.
• CINBAX 2024 will run till 8th December 2024.
• The exercise aims to enhance the operational efficiency and interoperability of both armies
in peacekeeping missions under the United Nations Charter.
• The Exercise CINBAX involves 20 personnel from each side, with the IA contingent
comprising soldiers from an Infantry Brigade.
• The primary objective of the exercise is to plan and conduct joint Counter Terrorism (CT)
operations, focusing on establishing a Joint Training Task (JTT) Force for Intelligence,
Surveillance, and Reconnaissance.
• The key areas of discussion include information operations, cyber warfare, hybrid warfare,
logistics, casualty management, and Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR)
operations.

6. Atishi Marlena Singh, Chief Minister (CM) of Delhi inaugurated the first underground
shooting range for National Cadet Corps (NCC) cadets in New Delhi, Delhi in November 2024.
What is the length of the underground shooting range?
1) 15 meter
2) 20 meter
3) 25 meter
4) 30 meter
5) 35 meter
Answer- 3) 25 meter

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Explanation:
In November 2024, Atishi Marlena Singh, Chief Minister (CM) of Delhi, inaugurated the first
underground shooting range for National Cadet Corps (NCC) cadets at the NCC Bhawan in Rohini,
New Delhi(Delhi).
• The inauguration of this facility marks a significant milestone in the development of NCC
cadets, providing them with world-class resources to enhance their training and skills.
• The underground shooting range features a 25-meter (m) firing range, six firing lanes, and
bulletproof ceilings, ensuring maximum safety for trainees.
• Equipped with an electronic target control system, the facility allows for 24/7 access
throughout the year, providing uninterrupted training opportunities.
• The range consists of night firing capability, supported by regular and focused lighting,
allowing for training in different conditions.
• It includes an automatic steel bullet trap system, advanced software for target control, and
provisions for training with various small arms.
• The National Cadet Corps (NCC), established in 1948, dedicated to developing young citizens
with strong leadership skills, discipline, and a sense of national service.

7. Name the Joint Military Exercise between the Indian Army (IA) and the Malaysian Army that
commenced in Pahang district, Malaysia from December 2 to 15, 2024.
1) VINBAX
2) IMBEX
3) Garuda Shakti
4) Harimau Shakti
5) MITRA SHAKTI
Answer- 4) Harimau Shakti
Explanation:
On December 2, 2024, the 4th edition of India- Malaysia Joint Military Exercise ‘Harimau Shakti’,
between the Indian Army (IA) and the Malaysian Army, commenced at Bentong Camp in Pahang
district, Malaysia. The exercise is scheduled to continue until December 15, 2024.
• The aim of Harimau Shakti 2024 is to enhance defence cooperation, further augmenting
bilateral relations between the two nations.
• Harimau Shakti, the Indo-Malaysia joint exercise, has been conducted annually Since 2012 to
enhance bilateral ties and cooperation between the two nations.
• The Indian contingent is represented by 78 personnel from the MAHAR Regiment, while the
Malaysian contingent comprises 123 personnel from the Royal Malaysian Regiment.
• The exercise is structured into two distinct phases: cross-training and simulated exercise.

8. In December 2024, the Defence Acquisition Council (DAC), under the Ministry of Defence
(MoD), granted Acceptance of Necessity (AoN) for five critical defence acquisition proposals
worth over ___________________.
1) Rs 19,146 crore
2) Rs 19,628 crore
3) Rs 20,933 crore
4) Rs 21,772 crore
5) Rs 21,584 crore

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Answer- 4) Rs 21,772 crore
Explanation:
On 3 December 2024, the Defence Acquisition Council (DAC), under the chairmanship of Union
Minister Rajnath Singh, Ministry of Defence (MoD), granted Acceptance of Necessity (AoN) for five
critical defence acquisition proposals worth over Rs 21,772 crore.
• These projects aim to enhance India’s maritime security, coastal defense, and combat readiness
through advanced technological assets.
• The DAC approved the procurement of 31 New Water Jet Fast Attack Crafts (NWJFACs) for the
Indian Navy (IN).
• The procurement of 120 Fast Interceptor Crafts (FIC-1) was also approved by the DAC to
bolster coastal defense and provide escort services for high-value naval units, including aircraft
carriers, destroyers, and submarines.
• The procurement of 6 Advanced Light Helicopters (ALH) for the Indian Coast Guard (ICG) was
also approved by the DAC to enhance coastal security and improve surveillance in maritime
regions.
• The modernization of T-72 and T-90 tanks, BMP infantry combat vehicles, and Sukhoi fighter
aircraft engines was also approved to extend their service life and improve the operational
efficiency of these critical defense systems.

9. Which defence company has recently (in December ‘24) delivered its second Drishti-10
Starliner surveillance drone to the Indian Navy (IN) at the Porbandar base in Gujarat?
1) Airbus Defence and Space
2) Kadet Defence Systems Limited
3) Flying Wedge Defence and Aerospace
4) Adani Aerospace and Defence Limited
5) Hindustan Aeronautics Limited
Answer- 4) Adani Aerospace and Defence Limited
Explanation:
Adani Aerospace and Defence Limited, defence subsidiary of Adani Enterprises Limited(AEL),
delivered its second Drishti-10 Starliner surveillance drone to the Indian Navy(IN) at the
Porbandar base in Gujarat, marking a significant milestone in India’s defense capabilities.
• The Drishti-10, a variant of Israel’s Hermes 900 medium altitude long endurance Unmanned
Aerial Vehicle (UAV) enhances the country’s maritime monitoring efforts especially in
combating piracy and safeguarding strategic sea routes.
• In January 2024, the IN received the first Drishti-10 Starliner drone. These drones will
monitor the western border marking progress in India’s unmanned defense technology.
• The Drishti-10 Starliner, was manufactured at Adani Defence and Aerospace’s Hyderabad
facility, is a cutting edge intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance platform.
• It is India’s only indigenous UAV that can operate reliably above 32,000 feet with a large
payload carrying capacity and distinctively long endurance.
• The drone’s advanced capabilities include fully autonomous functions and satellite
communication (Satcom) based operations which support the IN in monitoring and
securing critical sea lanes.
• The Drishti-10 also marks a historic first with India now possessing the capability to
integrate advanced payloads on a Medium Altitude Long Endurance (MALE) platform.

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10. Indian Army (IA) has recently (in November ‘24) received ______________ logistics drones from
Noida, Uttar Pradesh (UP) based Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) manufacturer EndureAir
systems Private Limited to improve aerial logistics and help transport supplies in the Eastern
sector.
1) Sabal 20
2) Prahasta
3) Nishant
4) Sthir Stab 640
5) Kamikaze
Answer- 1) Sabal 20
Explanation:
Indian Army(IA) has received “Sabal 20” logistics drones from Noida (Uttar Pradesh (UP)) based
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) manufacturer EndureAir systems Private Limited to improve aerial
logistics and help transport supplies in the Eastern sector.
• The Sabal 20 is an electric unmanned helicopter that can carry up to 20 kilograms (kg), which
is about half of its weight.
• It can carry various supplies such as medical kits, ammunition, batteries, and small arms over
distances of more than 10 kilometres(km) or (6.2 miles).
• The drone also features variable pitch technology, providing better stability, load capacity, and
performance at high altitudes.

11. Name the Unmanned Surface Vessel (USV) which was recently (in December ‘24) handed
over to Naval Science and Technological Laboratory (NSTL) in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh
by Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers Limited (GRSE).
1) Typhoon
2) ASView
3) Jaldoot
4) Sense
5) Voyager
Answer- 3) Jaldoot
Explanation:
On December 4 2024, Kolkata (West Bengal, WB) based Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers
Limited (GRSE), a Central Public Sector Enterprise (CPSE) signed a contract for the construction and
delivery of the second vessel in a series of four additional 7,500 DWT Multi-Purpose Vessels
(MPVs) in Hamburg, Germany.
• The contract for the remaining two vessels in this series will be communicated as and when
the respective contracts are signed.
• This development builds on GRSE’s partnership with Carsten Rehder Schiffsmakler und
Reederei GmbH & Co, KG of Germany, established in June 2024 for MPVs construction and
delivery of MPVs.
• The contract value for the additional four vessels is USD 54 million, taking the total for
eight MPVs to USD 108 million. The project is set to be completed within 33 months from
the contract date.
• GRSE formally handed over the “Jaldoot,” an Unmanned Surface Vessel (USV), to the Naval
Science and Technological Laboratory (NSTL) in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh (AP).

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 • The Jaldoot project represents a collaborative effort between GRSE, Visakhapatnam based
NSTL, part of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), and Rekise
Marine Private Ltd, a Hyderabad (Telangana) based Indian start-up that contributed to its
design and development.

12. Name the trilateral air combat exercise conducted between Indian Air Force (IAF), the
France Air and Space Force (FASF) and the United Arab Emirates Air Force (UAEAF) from 11 to
13 December 2024 to enhance their defence cooperation.
1) VARUNA 2024
2) Mitra Shakti 2024
3) Pitch Black 2024
4) Desert Knight 2024
5) Nomadic Elephant 2024
Answer- 4) Desert Knight 2024
Explanation:
The Indian Air Force (IAF), the France Air and Space Force (FASF) and the United Arab Emirates Air
Force (UAEAF) have conducted their trilateral air combat exercise ‘Desert Knight 2024’ over the
Arabian Sea for three days from 11 to 13 December 2024 to enhance their defence cooperation. It
was the 2nd trilateral exercise of 2024.
• The aim of the exercise was to enhance synergy and interoperability among the air forces of
the three countries.
• The IAF participated with aircraft, Sukhoi-30MKIs and Jaguars, supported by IL-78 mid-air
refuellers and AEW&C (airborne early-warning and control) systems, operating from
Jamnagar, Gujarat.
• French Rafale jets and UAE’s F-16 fighters were stationed at the Al Dhafra air base in the UAE.
• The “large force engagement” exercise showcased intense combat exercises conducted around
350-400 kilometer(km) southwest of Karachi, over the Arabian Sea.
• The “Desert Knight” exercise expands on the trilateral framework set up in 2022 by the foreign
ministers of India, France, and the UAE.

13. Name the drone that was recently (in December ‘24) delivered to Indian Army (IA) by
Asteria Aerospace Limited to enhance India’s self-reliance in defence.
1) Predator Drone
2) Falcon UAV
3) ArmaLite Rifle (AT)-15
4) RQ-4 Global Hawk
5) Hermes 900
Answer- 3) ArmaLite Rifle (AT)-15
Explanation:
In December 2024, Bengaluru(Karnataka) based Asteria Aerospace Limited successfully delivered
its largest ever batch of ArmaLite Rifle (AT)-15 Vertical Takeoff and Landing (VTOL) drones to the
Indian Army (IA). It enhances India’s self-reliance in defence under the “Atmanirbhar Bharat”
initiative.
• These drones are launched under the Ministry of Defence (MoD), providing cutting-edge
surveillance capabilities tailored for modern warfare.

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 • The AT-15 features a unique blended wing design for enhanced aerodynamics, enabling it to
operate at altitudes up to 6,000 meters(m).
• With a range of 20 kilometers (kms) and a flight time of 120 minutes, it excels in long-
duration reconnaissance missions.
• It was built entirely from composite materials, the AT-15 is durable yet portable, ideal for
deployment in challenging terrains.

14. Which company has recently (in December ‘24) delivered the “iBooster Green Propulsion
System” to the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)?
1) Skyroot Aerospace Private Limited
2) Bellatrix Aerospace Private Limited
3) Manastu Space Technologies Private Limited
4) Dhruva Space Private Limited
5) Sierra Space Corporation
Answer- 3) Manastu Space Technologies Private Limited
Explanation:
In December 2024, Mumbai (Maharashtra) based deep-technology startup, Manastu Space
Technologies Private Limited successfully delivered the “iBooster Green Propulsion System” to the
Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO).
• This achievement follows 4 years of extensive research and development supported by
DRDO’s Technology Development Fund (TDF).
• Founders of the start-up Tushar Jadhav and Ashtesh Kumar handed over the iBooster
Green Propulsion System to DRDO Chairman Satish Kamat.
• The iBooster system was designed for satellites weighing between 100 to 500 kilogram
(kg) and plays a vital role in critical satellite operations, including orbit raising, station-
keeping and deorbiting.
• The system is powered by a proprietary hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) based fuel, offering a
safer, more eco-friendly alternative to conventional toxic fuels and is more cost effective
compared to other high priced alternatives.
• The iBooster’s performance will also be tested aboard an upcoming Polar Satellite Launch
Vehicle (PSLV) mission by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), further
showcasing India’s leadership in space innovation and sustainability.

15. In December 2024, the Indian Navy (IN) commissioned the Indian Naval Ship (INS)
Nirdeshak (YARD 3026), the second of four Survey Vessel (large) SVL project in
Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh (AP).
Which company has built the INS Nirdeshak and ships under SVL project?
1) Cochin Shipyard Limited
2) Goa Shipyard Limited
3) Hindustan Shipyard Limited
4) Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited
5) Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers
Answer- 5) Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers

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Explanation:
On 18th December 2024, the Indian Navy (IN) commissioned the Indian Naval Ship (INS) Nirdeshak
(YARD 3026), the second of four Survey Vessel (large) SVL project at the Naval Dockyard,
Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh (AP), in a ceremony led by the Union Minister of State Sanjay Seth,
Ministry of Defence (MoD)
• The SVL Project includes four ships, Sandhayak, Nirdeshak, Ikshak, and Sanshodhak. It
aims to upgrade the IN’s hydrographic survey fleet by replacing the older Sandhayak-class
ships, which were inducted into IN on 5th December 2021.
• Vice Admiral Rajesh Pendharkar, the Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief of the Eastern
Naval Command (FOC-in-C ENC), hosted the ceremony to officially induct the second of the
four SVL ships being built by Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE), Kolkata, West
Bengal (WB).
• Built with over 80% indigenous material, it has been inducted to enhance hydrographic
surveys, navigation, and maritime safety using advanced technologies like Multi-Beam Echo
Sounders (MBES), Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROV) and Autonomous Underwater
Vehicles (AUV).

16. Which company has recently (in December ‘24) supplied the second batch of 360 loitering
munitions, known as ‘Nagastra-1’ to Indian Army (IA)?
1) Premier Explosives Limited
2) Lokesh Machines Limited
3) Economic Explosives Limited
4) Bharat Electronics Limited
5) Hindustan Aeronautics Limited
Answer- 3) Economic Explosives Limited
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Indian Army (IA) received the second batch of 360 loitering munitions,
known as ‘Nagastra-1’, from Nagpur(Maharashtra)-based Economic Explosives Limited (EEL), a
subsidiary of Solar Industries India Limited (SLIN), under a contract valued at Rs 2.12 billion (about
USD 25 million) which was signed in April 2023.
• Developed with over 75% indigenous content, were delivered after rigorous testing and
inspection.
• The IA placed an order for 480 loiter munitions under Emergency Procurement Powers
(EEP) with EEL. The first batch of 120 munitions was delivered in June 2024, and the
remaining 360 were delivered in December 2024.
• Nagastra-1 is a lightweight, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)-based, man-portable weapon
designed for precision strikes, especially in counter-insurgency and urban warfare. It
features a Global Positioning System (GPS)-guided system with a strike accuracy of just 2
meters(m) and can be used for surgical strikes.
• The munition has a range of 15 kilometer(km) during remote control operations and 30 km
during autonomous flight, with an endurance of 60 minutes. A day/night camera aids in
reconnaissance, and a parachute recovery system ensures safety if the flight needs to be
aborted.

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17. Where was the seventh Missile Cum Ammunition (MCA) Barge, Landing Ship Ammunition
14 (LSAM 14) (Yard 82) launched in December 2024?
1) Maharashtra
2) Odisha
3) Haryana
4) Tripura
5) Telangana
Answer- 1) Maharashtra
Explanation:
In December 2024, the seventh Missile Cum Ammunition (MCA) Barge, Landing Ship Ammunition 14
(LSAM 14) (Yard 82), was launched at the Mira Bhayandar site in Maharashtra by M/s SECON
Engineering Projects Private Limited, a Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSME) shipyard based
in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh (AP).
• The launch ceremony was presided over by Commodore (Cmde) AKK Reddy, Additional
General (AGM) Manager (Public Relations, PR), Naval Dockyard (ND), Mumbai, Maharashtra.
• In February 2021, the contract for building eight MCA Barges was signed with SECON
Engineering Projects Private Limited.
• The barges were indigenously designed in collaboration with an Indian ship design firm and
underwent successful model testing at the Naval Science and Technological Laboratory (NSTL)
in Visakhapatnam to ensure seaworthiness.

18. Name the Long-Range Hypersonic Weapon (LRHW) that was recently (in December ‘24)
test-fired by the United States (US) Army and US Navy in Florida, United States of America
(USA).
1) Falcon Strike
2) BrahMos-II
3) Dark Eagle
4) Phantom Spear
5) Hypersonic Blade
Answer- 3) Dark Eagle
Explanation:
In December 2024, the United States (US) Army, in collaboration with the US Navy, successfully test-
fired its Long-Range Hypersonic Weapon (LRHW), also known as ‘Dark Eagle’ at Cape Canaveral
Space Force Station in Florida, United States of America (USA). The launch was the 2nd successful
end-to-end flight of the weapon’s All Up Round (AUR) in 2024 using the LRHW’s trailer based
launcher system.
• This event was the 1st live-fire demonstration of the system, involving both a Battery
Operations Center and a Transporter Erector Launcher in the Pentagon’s hypersonic missile
development program.
• The aim of this initiative is to strengthen the USA’s defence capabilities, particularly in strategic
regions like the South China Sea.
• The Long-Range Hypersonic Weapon (LRHW) is a cutting-edge hypersonic missile developed
by Lockheed Martin Corporation and Northrop Grumman Corporation.
• The missile utilizes a two-stage rocket booster to carry the Navy’s Common Hypersonic Glide
Body (C-HGB) to speeds exceeding Mach 5(761 meter per hour, mph).

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 • The LRHW program is an integral part of the US military’s broader hypersonic missile
initiatives.
• The US Army is set to deploy the first LRHW battery by fiscal year 2025.
• China has earlier deployed its DF-ZF hypersonic glide vehicle, designed for anti-ship missions
and carried by the DF-17 ballistic missile.
• Russia has placed its nuclear-capable Avangard hypersonic glide vehicle into service, launched
atop the RS-28 Sarmat Intercontinental Ballistic Missile(ICBM).

19. Which company has recently (in December ‘24) partnered with Kongsberg Maritime to
supply advanced Replenishment-at-Sea (RAS) equipment for the Indian Navy (IN)’s fleet of five
Fleet Support Ships (FSS)?
1) Cochin Shipyard Limited
2) Goa Shipyard Limited
3) Hindustan Shipyard Limited
4) Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited
5) Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers
Answer- 3) Hindustan Shipyard Limited
Explanation:
In December 2024, Hindustan Shipyard Limited (HSL), headquartered in Visakhapatnam, Andhra
Pradesh (AP), entered into a strategic maritime partnership with Kongsberg Maritime, a leading
provider of marine systems and solutions headquartered in Kongsberg, Norway, to supply advanced
Replenishment-at-Sea (RAS) equipment for the Indian Navy (IN)’s fleet of five Fleet Support Ships
(FSS), enhancing operational capabilities and logistical efficiency.
• The delivery of these ships is set to commence by mid-2027, with the first ship’s keel-laying
ceremony conducted in November 2024 at HSL in Visakhapatnam.
• The Fleet Support Ships (FSS) are large naval vessels built to provide critical support for the
Indian Navy (IN). Over 50% of the content in the FSS project will be sourced locally, aligning
with India’s ‘Atmanirbhar Bharat’ (Self-Reliant India) vision.
• These ships, weighing over 40,000 tonnes (tn), will carry essential supplies like fuel, water,
and ammunition to warships, enabling them to operate far from ports.
• The FSS will serve both military and humanitarian purposes, as they can be deployed for
emergency evacuations or to deliver relief supplies to disaster-stricken areas during
Humanitarian Aid and Disaster Relief (HADR) operations.

20. Which team has recently (in December ‘24) won the 13th edition of Admiral’s Cup Sailing
Regatta 2024?
1) Russia
2) Italy
3) India
4) China
5) Japan
Answer- 1) Russia

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Explanation:
The “13th edition of the Admiral’s Cup Sailing Regatta” for the year 2024 was organised by the
Indian Navy (IN) featured 53 skilled sailors, including 14 women, from 25 nations held at the Indian
Naval Academy (INA), Ezhimala, Kerala from 8th to 13th December 2024.
• Team’s Category – The Admiral’s Cup 24 was won by Team Russia, which was represented
by Lieutenant (Lt) Gorkunov Petr llyich and Cadet (Cdt) Loshichinina Polina Vladislavovna.
• Team Italy, led by Midshipman Carlo Leonardo and Ensign Camilla Bernabei, won second
place, while Team India/INA ‘A’, led by Sub Lieutenant (SLt) Japman Avtar and Cdt PK Reddy,
finished third.
• In the men’s individual category, Lt. Gorkunov Petr Lyich of Russia won first place,
followed by Second Lieutenant (2Lt) Darius Lee Kheng Wee of Singapore and Ensign Pappas
Vissarion HN of Greece, won second and third places respectively.
• In the women’s individual category, Ensign Camilla Bernabei from Italy won first place,
followed by Cdt Loshichinina Polina Vladislavovna from Russia and SLt Isha Shah from India at
second and third places respectively.

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

1. Which organisation has recently (in November ‘24) partnered with Microsoft to develop the
Earth Copilot, a custom Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot designed to respond to users’
queries related to Earth?
1) European Space Agency
2) Indian Space Research Organisation
3) United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs
4) Space Exploration Technologies Corporation
5) National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Answer- 5) National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Explanation:
In November 2024, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) partnered with Microsoft
to develop the Earth Copilot, a custom Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot designed to respond to
users’ queries related to Earth with easy-to-understand data.
• The collaboration aims to transform how users can search, discover, and analyse Nasa’s
geospatial data.
• The Earth Copilot will use natural language processing to simplify access to NASA data. This
allows users to interact with NASA’s data repository using plain language queries.
• NASA collaborated with Microsoft to create a proof of concept model using Microsoft’s
Azure cloud platform and AI capabilities.
• The Earth Copilot chatbot will simplify the process, making the data more simplified and
accessible to scientists, educators, policymakers, and the general public.

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2. In November 2024, India’s first indigenous antibiotic Nafithromycin developed by Wolkardt
with support from “Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council” (BIRAC) to combat
______________________.
1) Viral Infections
2) Antimicrobial Resistance
3) Genetic Disorders
4) Chronic Diseases
5) Cancer Treatment
Answer- 2) Antimicrobial Resistance
Explanation:
Union Minister Dr. Jitendra Singh announced the soft launch of India’s first indigenous antibiotic
Nafithromycin developed by Mumbai-based pharmaceutical company, Wolkardt with support from
“Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council” (BIRAC), a unit of the Department of
Biotechnology, to combat Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR).
• This innovation was designed to treat Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia (CABP), a
severe illness caused by drug-resistant bacteria, promising 10x efficacy with just a 3 day
regimen, offering a safer and faster solution than existing antibiotics.
• This drug will be brought to market under the brand name “Miqnaf”. This antibiotic targets
on typical and atypical pathogens. Clinical trials conducted across the (United States) U.S.,
Europe, and India validated its safety and effectiveness.
• This milestone reflects India’s rising innovation in biotechnology, supported by a Rs 500
crore investment and 14 years of research, positioning India as a global leader in
healthcare advancements.

3. Which ministry has recently (in November ‘24) launched India’s first Artificial Intelligence
(AI) data bank at the 7th Edition of the ‘Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of
India (ASSOCHAM) AI Leadership Meet 2024’ in New Delhi, Delhi?
1) Ministry of Communications
2) Ministry of Information and Broadcasting
3) Ministry of Commerce and Industry
4) Ministry of Science and Technology
5) Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology
Answer- 4) Ministry of Science and Technology
Explanation:
In November 2024, Union Minister of State (Independent Charge, IC) Dr.Jitendra Singh, Ministry of
Science and Technology (MoS&T) launched India’s first Artificial Intelligence (AI) data bank at the 7th
Edition of the ‘Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India(ASSOCHAM) AI Leadership
Meet 2024’ in New Delhi(Delhi).
• The event was held under the theme “AI for India: Advancing India’s AI Development –
Innovation, Ethics, and Governance,” showcased India’s strategic roadmap for harnessing the
transformative potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI).
• This initiative aims to accelerate technological growth and innovation by providing
researchers, startups, and developers access to high-quality, diverse datasets essential for
creating scalable and inclusive AI solutions.

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 • The data bank will also enhance national security by enabling real-time analytics for disaster
management, cybersecurity, and defense.

4. In November 2024, China successfully launched the world’s first ‘self-driving’ satellites
developed by the Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology (SAST).
The name of the two satellites are ____________________ and __________________.
1) BeiDou-3 M1 and BeiDou-3 M2
2) Gaofen-12 04 and Gaofen-12 06
3) Lijian-1 Y6 and Lijian-1 Y7
4) Siwei Gaojing-2 03 and Gaojing-2 04
5) Ludi Tance 4-01 and Tance 4-05
Answer- 4) Siwei Gaojing-2 03 and Gaojing-2 04
Explanation:
In November 2024, China successfully launched the world’s first ‘self-driving’ satellites developed
by the Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology (SAST), a subsidiary of the China Aerospace
Science and Technology Corporation (CASC), marking a milestone in the country’s commercial space
programme. It was the 547th flight mission of the Long March series of rockets.
• The two satellites, named Siwei Gaojing-2 03 and Gaojing-2 04, were launched aboard a Long
March-2C carrier rocket from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre(JSLC) in northwest China.
• The satellites will provide high-resolution, all-day, all-weather radar imagery.
• The SAST-developed satellites bring advanced capabilities to space exploration and are
equipped with Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) technology and high-precision radar payloads.
• The Gaojing-2 03 and Gaojing-204 satellites are integral to the Siwei commercial remote
sensing constellation project, approved by CASC April 2022.
• It aims to establish a network of at least 28 satellites to provide comprehensive Earth
observation data for various industries and applications.
• The constellation will be fully operational by 2025 and follows a series of advancements in
China’s space programme, including the Ludi Tance 4-01, the world’s first geosynchronous
orbit SAR satellite launched in August 2023.

5. NASA has recently (in November ‘24) announced the development of underwater robots
capable of exploring the depths of our solar system’s ocean worlds. This mission is called
‘SWIM’.
What does S stand for in ‘SWIM’?
1) Sensing
2) Submersible
3) Systematic
4) Satellite
5) Solar
Answer- 1) Sensing
Explanation:
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA) announced the development of
underwater robots capable of exploring the depths of our solar system’s ocean worlds. The mission
called ‘Sensing With Independent Micro-swimmers (SWIM)’ is currently in the testing phase, with the

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latest prototype demonstrating autonomous control and navigation in a swimming pool at Caltech in
Pasadena, the United States of America(USA).
• The test was conducted by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), the testing showed
the feasibility of a mission concept for a swarm of mini swimming robots.
• The SWIM project was supported by NASA’s Innovative Advanced Concepts program and
also aid in oceanographic research on Earth in the future.
• To prepare for these missions, NASA has developed the Ocean Worlds Lander Autonomy
Testbed (OWLAT), developed at the JPL, and Ocean Worlds Autonomy Testbed for
Exploration, Research, and Simulation (OceanWATERS) created at Ames Research
Center.

6. To which space station two Indian astronauts were recently (in November ‘24) selected by
the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) for the upcoming Axiom-4 (Ax-4) mission?
1) Tiangong space station
2) International Space Station
3) Tanegashima Space Center
4) Skylab
5) Salyut 1
Answer- 2) International Space Station
Explanation:
In November 2024, Bengaluru (Karnataka) based Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) announced
that two Indian astronauts, Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla (prime) and Group Captain Prasanth
Balakrishnan Nair (backup), referred to as the Gaganyatris, selected for the upcoming Axiom-4 (Ax-4)
mission to the International Space Station (ISS), have successfully completed the initial phase of their
training.
• Axiom Mission 4 (Ax-4) is a private spaceflight to the International Space Station (ISS) operated by
the USA-based Axiom Space in partnership with SpaceX (an American space technology company).
• As part of the ongoing collaboration between the ISRO and the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA), the two Gaganyatris began their training in the United States of
America(USA) in August 2024.
• One of the key highlights of this training phase was preparing the astronauts for various
emergency situations in space.
• The next phase of training will address the remaining modules of the U.S Orbital Segment of the
ISS. The astronauts will also prepare for conducting scientific research experiments in a
microgravity environment. Click here to read more.

7. In December 2024, Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) launched the European Space
Agency’s (ESA) Proba-3 mission in Andhra Pradesh(AP).
The Proba-3 mission consists of two satellites – ___________________ and _____________.
1) Light Blocker and Observer
2) Coronagraph and Occulter
3) Large Yield Radiometer and Langmuir probe
4) Eclipse Observer and Sun Tracker
5) Sun Watcher and Image Processor
Answer- 2) Coronagraph and Occulter

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Explanation:
On December 5 2024, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) successfully launched the
European Space Agency’s (ESA) Proba-3 mission from the First Launch Pad (FLP), Satish Dhawan
Space Centre, Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh(AP) using the highly reliable Polar Satellite Launch
Vehicle (PSLV)-XL rocket. This was the world’s first precision formation-flying mission.
• This mission aims to enhance our understanding of the Sun’s corona, the outer layer of its
atmosphere, and marks a significant collaboration between the ISRO and the ESA.
• Proba-3’s launch marks the first ESA mission to fly with an ISRO launcher since the Proba-1
mission in 2001 and is expected to operate for two years.
• Proba-3 is a technology demonstration mission funded under ESA’s General Support
Technology Programme. It is designed to show precise formation flying, and its launch was
facilitated by NewSpace India Ltd. (NSIL), the commercial arm of ISRO.
• The Proba-3 mission consists of two satellites – Coronagraph (310 kilogram(kg)) and
Occulter (240 kg) which are designed to study the Sun’s corona, the outermost layer of its
atmosphere by creating artificial solar eclipses in space.
• These twin satellites will function in a precise formation, maintaining a distance of 150m apart
while flying together.
• This unique arrangement allows the Occulter to block out the Sun’s bright disk, which will
enable the Coronagraph to observe the faint corona in more detail.
• During active formation flying, the Coronagraph will act as the leader, equipped with a
hydrazine propulsion system while the Occulter spacecraft will follow, using cold gas
thrusters to maintain its position.

8. For which mission did the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and European Space
Agency (ESA) sign a crucial Technical Implementation Plan (TIP) to provide critical ground
tracking support?
1) Chandrayaan-3
2) Gaganyaan
3) Aditya L1
4) Mangalyaan
5) Chandrayaan-1
Answer- 2) Gaganyaan
Explanation:
On December 4 2024, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and the European Space Agency
(ESA) signed a crucial Technical Implementation Plan (TIP) aimed at providing critical ground
tracking support for India’s Gaganyaan missions (human spaceflight mission).
• This collaborative effort was set to enhance the communication and monitoring of India’s 1st
human spaceflight mission.
• The primary objective of this agreement is to enable ESA to provide ground station support for
the Gaganyaan missions ensuring continuous data flow and communication with the Orbital
Module during its orbital operations.
• The name ‘Gaganyaan’ has its roots in Sanskrit translating to ‘sky and vehicle’ and the primary
objective of this mission is to launch a team of astronauts into space, where they will travel at
an altitude of 400 kilometer(km) above Earth in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) for a three-day
expedition before returning by landing in the Indian Ocean.

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 • The launch of the mission is expected to be in 2026.Under the Gaganyaan programme, ISRO
will carry out 3 uncrewed space missions and 1 crewed mission. Click here to read more.

9. Which country has recently (in December ‘24) launched the Saman-1 Orbital Transfer Unit
(OTU) and Fakhr-1 nanosatellite into the Low Earth Orbit (LEO) through two-stage Satellite
Launch Vehicle (SLV), Simorgh?
1) Qatar
2) Iran
3) Kuwait
4) Oman
5) Saudi Arabia
Answer- 2) Iran
Explanation:
On December 6 2024, Iran has successfully launched its indigenously developed Saman-1 Orbital
Transfer Unit (OTU) or space tug, the Fakhr-1 nanosatellite, and an additional research payload into
the Low Earth Orbit (LEO) through its domestically developed two-stage Satellite Launch Vehicle
(SLV), Simorgh. This marked a significant milestone in Iran’s space program.
• These payloads were launched from the Imam Khomeini Space Launch Terminal in rural
Semnan province in Tehran, Iran.
• This also marked the 8th successful launch of Simorgh, developed by the Iranian Ministry of
Defence.
• It has also created a new national record by lifting a combined payload weight of 300 kilogram
(kg), showcasing its ability to handle complex, multi-payload missions.
• Saman-1 is designed and developed by technicians from the Iranian Space Research Centre
(ISRC).
• It is a space tug, which aims to boost satellites in LEO up to higher orbits such as
geosynchronous orbit.
• Fakhr-1 Satellite is a communication satellite, designed and developed by the Iranian Army in
collaboration with SA Iran Corporation, and Tehran (Iran)-based Malek Ashtar University of
Technology.
• The satellite has a 3 cubic units (3U) size and weighs less than 10 kg.

10. In December 2024, the European Space Agency (ESA) launched its 3rd Copernicus Sentinel-
1 satellite (Sentinel-1C) into Sun-Synchronous Orbit (SSO) for Advancing Earth Observation
and _____________________ at an altitude of 700 kilometre(km) from Europe’s Spaceport in French
Guiana, France.
1) Climate Change Tracking
2) Maritime Monitoring
3) Disaster Management
4) Environmental Sustainability
5) Oil Spill Detection
Answer- 2) Maritime Monitoring
Explanation:
In December 2024, the European Space Agency (ESA) successfully launched its 3rd Copernicus
Sentinel-1 satellite (Sentinel-1C) into Sun-Synchronous Orbit (SSO) at an altitude of 700

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kilometre(km), aboard a Vega-C rocket from Europe’s Spaceport in French Guiana, France. This
launch is the 6th Sentinel satellite in the Copernicus program launched by Arianespace SA, world’s
leading aerospace company.
• The launcher’s mission called ‘VV25’ is a return-to-flight for Vega-C, which is Europe’s
lightweight, high-performance rocket.
• The Sentinel-1C satellite strengthens the Sentinel-1 constellation (1st Copernicus family),
which includes 2 identical satellites in orbit of 180°apart to optimize global coverage and
data delivery for the Copernicus programme.
• Sentinel-1 carries a C-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) instrument, which allows it to
capture high resolution imagery of Earth’s surface.
• Sentinel-1C will enhance capabilities in detecting and monitoring maritime traffic through its
Automated Identification System (AIS), which captures ship signals to track vessel movements.
• Europe’s Vega-C rocket, weighing 210 tonnes launches 2300 kilogram(kg) satellites using 3
solid propellant stages and one liquid stage.

11. Where did the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) conduct the sea level hot test of
its Cryogenic Engine CE20 in December 2024?
1) Chandipur, Odisha
2) Ahmedabad, Gujarat
3) Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala
4) Mahendragiri, Tamil Nadu
5) Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh
Answer- 4) Mahendragiri, Tamil Nadu
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) announced that it has successfully
conducted the sea level hot test of its Cryogenic Engine CE20 with a nozzle area ratio of 100 at the
ISRO Propulsion Complex, Mahendragiri, Tamil Nadu (TN).
• The engine, equipped with systems enabling restart capability, marks a crucial advancement
for ISRO’s upcoming missions.
• Cryogenic technology utilizes rocket propellants stored at extremely low temperatures, such as
Liquid Oxygen (LOX) and Liquid Hydrogen (LH2), which are mixed in specific proportions as
fuel and oxidizer.
• Liquid oxygen remains in its liquid state at temperatures lower than -183°C, while liquid
hydrogen remains liquid at temperatures below -253°C.
• The CE20 cryogenic engine, designed indigenously by ISRO’s Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre
(LPSC) in Bengaluru(Karnataka) , powers the upper stage of the Launch Vehicle Mark-3
(LVM3).
• It has been certified for the Gaganyaan mission with a thrust capacity of 20 tonnes and is set
to be upgraded to 22 tonnes for the upcoming C32 stage, aiming to boost the payload capacity
of the LVM3.
• Testing the CE20 engine at sea level is difficult mainly due to its high-area ratio nozzle, which
has an exit pressure of about 50 millibar (mbar).

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12. In December 2024, China launched the Long March-2D carrier rocket, which has
successfully deployed 5 experimental satellites into the planned orbit.
This launch marks the _______space mission of China in 2024 and also marks the 551st flight of
the Long March rocket series.
1) 62nd
2) 63rd
3) 64th
4) 65th
5) 66th
Answer- 2) 63rd
Explanation:
On December 12 2024, China launched the Long March-2D carrier rocket, which successfully
deployed 5 experimental satellites into the planned orbit. These 5 satellites were launched from the
Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in Northwest China.
• This launch marks the 63rd space mission of China in 2024 and also marks the 551st flight
of the Long March rocket series.
• These satellites were developed by an organisation affiliated with the Harbin Institute of
Technology in Heilongjiang province, China. The primary objective of these satellites is to
test advanced technologies.
• It is capable of carrying payloads weighing up to 1.3 tons into Sun Synchronous Orbits
(SSOs) at nearly 700 kilometers (kms) altitude.
• It was designed and constructed by the Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology, a
subsidiary of state-owned contractor of aerospace products, China Aerospace Science and
Technology Corporation (CASC).

13. Name the radar satellites that were recently (in December ‘24) launched by China to
enhance Earth observation capabilities.
1) Gaofen-12
2) Tianhui-3
3) Jilin-1
4) Yunhai-3
5) PIESAT-2
Answer- 5) PIESAT-2
Explanation:
On December 17, 2024, China successfully launched 4 Earth-observation radar satellites named
‘PIESAT-2’ aboard a Long March-2D rocket from the Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center in Shanxi
Province, China.
• This launch marked China’s 65th space launch of 2024 and 553rd launch of the Long March
rocket series.
• The goal of the PIESAT-2 mission is to enhance China’s satellite network for efficient Earth
monitoring.
• PIESAT-2 satellites were developed by GalaxySpace (China’s unicorn company in the
commercial aerospace sector) and were equipped with Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR)
technology for high resolution, all-weather, day-and-night Earth observation.

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 • These satellites will provide essential services for monitoring land resources, natural disasters
and geological mapping.
• The Long March 2D rocket was designed by the Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology
powered by liquid propellants.
• It demonstrated high efficiency in deploying multiple satellites in a single mission.

14. For which mission, Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has recently (in December
‘24) commenced the launch campaign of Human Rated Launch Vehicle Mark-3 (HLVM3-
G1)/Orbital Module (OM-1) in Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh (AP)?
1) Chandrayaan-1
2) Gaganyaan-G2
3) Chandrayaan-3
4) Gaganyaan-G1
5) Vikram-1
Answer- 4) Gaganyaan-G1
Explanation:
On December 18 2024, Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) commenced the launch campaign
of Human Rated Launch Vehicle Mark-3 (HLVM3-G1)/Orbital Module (OM-1) for the Gaganyaan-G1
uncrewed mission at the Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC) in Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh (AP).
The mission aims to achieve the country’s 1st crewed spaceflight and the launch began with the
integration of the S200 motor segments.
• The mission’s preparation includes assembling control systems, avionics and Crew Escape
System elements at SDSC and the integration of the Crew Module at Vikram Sarabhai Space
Centre (VSSC), Bengaluru, Karnataka.
• The launch campaign of the HLVM3-G1 also coincides with the 10th anniversary of the
Launch Vehicle Mark-3 (LVM3-X/CARE) which took place on December 18, 2014.
• HLVM3, a modified version of the LVM3 was designed with enhanced reliability and safety
features for human spaceflight.
• The Orbital Module (OM) level integration and tests will take place subsequently at U R Rao
Satellite Centre (URSC), formerly known as ISRO Satellite Centre (ISAC), Bengaluru, Karnataka.
• HLVM3 is a large, three-stage launch vehicle with a height of 53 meters (m) and a weight of
640 tonnes (t).
• It has the capability to carry payloads of up to 10 tonnes into Low Earth Orbit (LEO).
• The system is engineered to operate under the most extreme conditions of human
spaceflight, providing reliable performance during the mission.
• The name Gaganyaan has its roots in Sanskrit translating to ‘sky and vehicle’ and the primary
objective of this mission is to launch a team of astronauts into space, where they will travel at
an altitude of 400 km above Earth in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) for a three-day expedition before
returning by landing in the Indian Ocean.

15. Name the initiative that was recently (in December ‘24) launched by the European Union
(EU) aimed at deploying a network of 290 satellites in low and medium Earth orbits.
1) Galileo
2) Copernicus
3) Resilient Satellite

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4) European Space Agency Advanced Remote Telemetry
5) Infrastructure for Resilience, Interconnectivity and Security by Satellite
Answer- 5) Infrastructure for Resilience, Interconnectivity and Security by Satellite
Explanation:
On December 19 2024, the European Union(EU) introduced the Euro 10 billion (USD 11 billion)
‘Infrastructure for Resilience, Interconnectivity and Security by Satellite(IRIS²) space program’
initiative, aimed at deploying a network of 290 satellites in low and medium Earth orbits. The project
was developed with the collaboration of Space Consortium for a Resilient, Interconnected and Secure
Europe (SpaceRISE).
• The constellation will comprise of 264 Low Earth Orbit (LEO) and 18 Medium Earth Orbit
(MEO) satellites and is expected to be in service in 2030.
• The full deployment of the satellite network is expected to unfold over a 12-year period.
• Under the agreement with SpaceRISE, the project will receive euro 6.5 billion in public
funding, which covers nearly 60% of the total costs.
• IRIS² represents the EU’s third major satellite initiative, following Galileo and Copernicus.
• The IRIS² satellites will operate in MEO and LEO, covering Europe and surrounding regions to
ensure comprehensive communication and surveillance capabilities.
• The satellites will be a mix of high- and low-powered systems, providing the equivalent
capability of 1,000 satellites, similar to Starlink, a satellite internet constellation operated by
Starlink Services, LLC.

16. Which National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA’s) space telescope was used
to discover the exoplanet TOI-3261 b in December 2024?
1) Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite
2) Hubble Space Telescope
3) James Webb Space Telescope
4) Chandra X-ray Observatory
5) Spitzer Space Telescope
Answer- 1) Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite
Explanation:
A team of scientists at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), headquartered in
Washington, D.C., the United States of America (USA), has discovered an intriguing exoplanet named
TOI-3261 b using the NASA’s space telescope Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite(TESS).
• TOI-3261 b is a Neptune-like exoplanet orbiting a K-type star. With a mass of 30.3 Earths,
it completes one orbit of its star in just 0.9 days and is located 0.01714 Astronomical Unit
(AU) away from the star.
• TOI-3261 b belongs to the rare class of hot Neptunes, planets similar to Neptune in size and
has twice the density of Neptune. A year on TOI-3261 b lasts only 21 hours.
• Scientists suggest that TOI-3261 b likely started as a massive gas giant but changed due to
photoevaporation and tidal stripping. These processes, driven by its star’s energy and
gravity, stripped away much of its atmosphere.

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17. Which company has recently (in December ‘24) received support from the Ministry of
Science & Technology to develop and commercialize the “Agnibaan”, a customizable two-stage
launch vehicle?
1) SpaceX
2) Skyrora Limited
3) Bellatrix Aerospace
4) Skyroot Aerospace
5) Agnikul Cosmos Private Limited
Answer- 5) Agnikul Cosmos Private Limited
Explanation:
Ministry of Science & Technology extended its support to the Chennai-based M/s Agnikul Cosmos
Pvt. Ltd to develop and commercialise “Agnibaan”, a customisable two-stage launch vehicle capable
of delivering payloads of upto 300 kg to orbits at 700 km altitude.
• This initiative was supported by the Technology Development Board (TDB), a statutory body
under the Department of Science & Technology (DST)
• TDB has sanctioned financial assistance for the “Development and Commercialization of
Modular Configurable Launch Vehicle for 100 Kg Payload.”
• The company has achieved a historic milestone with the maiden launch of AgnibaanSOrTeD,
the world’s first flight using a single-piece 3D-printed rocket engine.

18. Which two advanced warships were recently (in December ‘24) delivered to the Indian
Navy (IN) by Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL)?
1) Nilgiri (YARD 12651) and Surat (YARD 12707)
2) Vishal (YARD 12652) and Chennai (YARD 12708)
3) Vikrant (YARD 12653) and Delhi (YARD 12709)
4) Rajput (YARD 12654) and Mumbai (YARD 12710)
5) Shivalik (YARD 12655) and Kolkata (YARD 12711)
Answer- 1) Nilgiri (YARD 12651) and Surat (YARD 12707)
Explanation:
December 20 2024, Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL) delivered 2 advanced warships ‘Nilgiri
(YARD 12651)’ and ‘Surat(YARD 12707)’ to the Indian Navy (IN) in Mumbai, Maharashtra. The two
warships were designed by the IN’s Warship Design Bureau, constructed by MDL and overseen by the
Warship Overseeing Team in Mumbai.
i.Nilgiri is the 1st stealth frigate of the Project 17A class ship and Surat is the 4th stealth destroyer and
final ship of the Project 15B class guided missile destroyer.
ii.The acceptance documents for ‘Nilgiri’ and ‘Surat’ were signed by MDL Chairman-Managing Director
(CMD) Sanjeev Singhal and Chief Security Officer (CSO) (Tech) R. Adhisrinivasan of IN.
iii.These warships strengthen India’s maritime defence with advanced missile systems, stealth
features and Artificial Intelligence (AI) integration.
iv.The Indian Navy Ship (INS) Nilgiri is 126 meters (m)long, the First of Class (FoC) ship of Project 17A
stealth frigate keel was laid in 2017 and the ship was launched into water in 2019.
v.Weighing over 6,500 tonnes (tons), the Nilgiri can hold 226 sailors and one helicopter.
vi.The INS Surat is a 164 meters(m) long, large 7,400-tons destroyer with a capacity of 300 sailors.
Surat’s keel was laid in 2019 and was launched in 2022. Click here to read more

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19. In December 2024, Shenzhou-19 mission successfully completed the 1st Extravehicular
Activities (EVAs) of their mission in 9 hours, setting a new world record for the longest
duration of spacewalk.
As part of this mission, Mission Commander Cai Xuzhe and Song Lingdong carried out a historic
spacewalk outside which space station in Low-Earth Orbit (LEO)?
1) Skylab
2) Salyut
3) Bharatiya Antariksha Station
4) International Space Station
5) Tiangong Space Station
Answer- 5) Tiangong Space Station
Explanation:
According to China Manned Space Agency (CMSA), two Chinese astronauts of Shenzhou-19 mission
aboard the Tiangong Space Station (TSS) have successfully completed the 1st Extravehicular
Activities (EVAs) of their mission in 9 hours, setting a new world record for the longest duration of
spacewalk.
• Mission Commander Cai Xuzhe and Song Lingdong, carried out the historic spacewalk outside
TSS in Low-Earth Orbit (LEO).
• The duration of the spacewalk exceeded the previous record of 8 hours (hrs) and 56 minutes
(min) set by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) astronauts James Voss
and Susan Helms in 2001.
• Cai Xuzhe and Song Lingdong, wore second-generation “Feitian” spacesuits and had
successfully completed an array of tasks including installing debris protection on the station’s
exterior.
• With this spacewalk, Song Lingdong became the 1st Chinese astronaut born in the 1990s to
complete an EVA.
• This marked the 2nd spacewalk for Mission Commander Cai Xuzhe, who had previously
completed a 5.5 hr spacewalk during the Shenzhou-14 mission in November 2022.
• The former Soviet Union became the 1st country to carry a spacewalk in 1965 for about 12
minutes.
• In 2008, Chinese astronaut Zhai Zhigang conducted China’s 1st spacewalk during the
Shenzhou-7 mission, which lasted for nearly 19 minutes.
• In October 2024, China successfully launched its Shenzhou-19 spaceship with 3 astronauts
namely: Mission Commander Cai Xuzhe, Song Lingdong and Wang Haoze on board, for a
period of 6 months to its low-orbit space station, TSS.

20. Udupi Cochin Shipyard Limited (UCSL), a subsidiary of Cochin Shipyard Limited (CSL),
launched the inaugural vessel of the Series of Six 3800 TDW General Cargo Vessels being built
for M/s Wilson ASA.
Where is the Wilson ASA company located?
1) Sweden
2) Norway
3) Finland
4) Russia
5) Spain

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Answer- 2) Norway
Explanation:
Udupi Cochin Shipyard Limited (UCSL), a subsidiary of Cochin Shipyard Limited (CSL), launched the
inaugural vessel of the Series of Six 3800 TDW General Cargo Vessels being built for M/s Wilson
ASA, Norway.
• Wilson ASA placed the order for the diesel-electric vessels in May 2023. With a total length of
89.43 meters(m), a width of 13.20 m, and a design draft of 4.30 m, the vessel can reach a speed
of 10.30 knots.
• The vessel’s propulsion power is 750 kilowatt (kW), and it is propelled by two 375 kW electric
motors each. It is powered by three 416-kW diesel generators each and can accommodate 7
people.
• Bergen (Norway) based Wilson ASA is the leading short sea fleet operator in Europe and
transports about 15 million tonnes of dry cargo across Europe.

21. Which organization has recently (in December ‘24) developed the newer version of the
Search and Rescue Aid Tool (SARAT) for assisting search and rescue operations at sea?
1) National Disaster Management Authority
2) National Institute of Ocean Technology
3) National Maritime Foundation
4) International Maritime Organization
5) Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services
Answer- 5) Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS), under the
Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES) developed a newer version of its own Search and Rescue Aid Tool
(SARAT) to assist search and rescue operations in the seas to locate persons or vessels.
• Earth System Science Organization – Indian National Center for Ocean Information Services
(ESSO-INCOIS) developed the Search and Rescue Aid Tool (SARAT) in 2016, based on the
LEEWAY model, to support Search and Rescue (SAR) operations in the Indian Ocean region.
• SARAT enhances rescue efforts and is accessible online at SARAT Portal.
• The tool locates the person or object with certainty using a model ensemble that accounts
for uncertainties in the missing object’s initial location and last known time.
• The winds and currents mostly control the movement of the lost objects. The tool is based
on model currents originated from a very high resolution Regional Ocean Modelling
System (ROMS) run operationally on High Performance Computers at INCOIS.

22. Name the two experimental upgrades of Gemini Artificial Intelligence (AI) suite that was
recently (in December ‘24) introduced by Google.
1) Gemini-Exp-1010 and Gemini 1.0 Flash
2) Gemini-Exp-1206 and Gemini 2.0 Flash
3) Gemini-Exp-1301 and Gemini 3.0 Flash
4) Gemini-Exp-1403 and Gemini 4.0 Flash
5) Gemini-Exp-1906 and Gemini 5.0 Flash
Answer- 2) Gemini-Exp-1206 and Gemini 2.0 Flash

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Explanation:
Google has introduced 2 experimental upgrades to its Gemini Artificial Intelligence (AI) suite
“Gemini-Exp-1206 and Gemini 2.0 Flash”. These models were designed to support and improve
performance tasks such as coding challenges, mathematical problem-solving and creating detailed
business plans.
• The new Gemini-Exp-1206 model enhances AI’s ability to handle complex queries,
providing precise and actionable responses.
• The Gemini 2.0 Flash model further upgrades the user experience by unlocking advanced
generative AI capabilities.
• The new ‘Gemini 2.0 Flash’ is available as an experimental model to developers via the
Gemini API in Google AI Studio and Vertex AI with multimodal input and text output for all
developers, and text-to-speech and native image generation available to early-access
partners
• Gemini 2.0 Flash will also be available on the Gemini mobile app at a later stage, offering
wider access.

23. Which state has recently (in December ‘24) launched the Artificial Intelligence (AI) Task
Force to position the state as a leader in technology-driven governance and socio-economic
growth?
1) Bihar
2) Punjab
3) Gujarat
4) Rajasthan
5) Madhya Pradesh
Answer- 3) Gujarat
Explanation:
In December 2024, Gujarat Chief Minister(CM) Bhupendra Patel announced the formation of the
Artificial Intelligence (AI) Task Force to position the state as a leader in technology-driven
governance and socio-economic growth during the 11th Chintan Shibir in Somnath(Gujarat).
• The AI Task Force, is set for a 1-year term with annual progress reviews, was led by the
Principal Secretary of the Department of Science and Technology, Gujarat.
• The scope of work of the AI Taskforce will be strategic planning to build AI roadmap and its
implementation in Gujarat, AI adoption in different government and non-government
sectors, policy advocacy to make AI systems in Gujarat in line with India AI mission and
national AI framework, collaborations with education experts, industry leaders, start-ups
and international AI ecosystem.
• It will also include capacity building for AI literacy, resource mobilization and skill
development, data security and to create technology infrastructure.

24. With which organisation Satcom Industry Association India (SIA-India) has recently (in
December ‘24) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to enhance cooperation in
satellite communications and the broader space industry?
1) Kenya Space Agency
2) European Space Agency
3) Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency

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4) Ghana Space Science and Technology Institute
5) Ethiopian Space Science and Technology Institute
Answer- 4) Ghana Space Science and Technology Institute
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Satcom Industry Association India (SIA-India), New Delhi(Delhi) signed a
Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Ghana Space Science and Technology Institute
(GSSTI) to enhance cooperation in satellite communications and the broader space industry.
• This collaboration aims to leverage India’s expertise in space technology and enable Ghana to
advance its space capabilities.
• The MoU emphasizes cooperation in satellite manufacturing, satellite launch services and the
development of space applications, which will directly benefit both nations.
• India and Ghana will jointly work on satellite projects, ground stations, and space-related tools
to unlock new opportunities and foster innovation.
• India’s support through programs such as the Pan African eNetwork Project, the Indian
Technical and Economic Cooperation (ITEC) Programme and the India-Africa Partnership
Fund serves as a foundation for this initiative.
• With India-Africa trade reaching USD 90.5 billion in 2022–23, and a goal to scale it to USD
200 billion by 2030, the partnership reflects the evolving synergy between the two regions.

25. Which company has recently (in December ‘24) awarded funding under the Telecom
Technology Development Fund (TTDF) scheme by the Department of Telecommunications
(DoT) for its project related to the development of India’s 5G stack?
1) Accenture
2) Infosys
3) Tech Mahindra
4) Amantya Technologies
5) International Business Machines
Answer- 4) Amantya Technologies
Explanation:
On December 24, 2024, Bengaluru (Karnataka) based Amantya Technologies was awarded funding
under the Telecom Technology Development Fund (TTDF) scheme by the Department of
Telecommunications (DoT), Ministry of Communications and Information Technology (MCIT) for its
project titled “Development of ‘India 5G Stack’ with the Next-Gen 3GPP Release 16/17
Compliant ‘Made in India 5G SA Core’ for Public and Enterprise Deployment.”
• TTDF Scheme is managed by the Universal Service Obligation Fund (USOF) (recently
renamed as “Digital Bharat Nidhi”).
• The project aims to extend high-speed 5th Generation (5G) connectivity to rural & remote
areas.
• The project will develop a carrier-grade 5G Standalone (SA) core network solution,
compliant with the latest 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) standards.
• The project will also enhance advanced features like network slicing, Quality of Service
(QoS), Voice over New Radio (VoNR), Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communications
(URLLC), and Massive Machine Type Communications (mMTC).
• The solution will also be cloud-agnostic, supporting deployment on platforms like
Kubernetes, OpenStack, and OpenShift.

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26. Name the world’s largest amphibious assault ship launched by China in December 2024.
1) Fujian
2) Sichuan
3) Liaoning
4) Shandong
5) Changcheng
Answer- 2) Sichuan
Explanation:
In December 2024, China launched the World’s Largest amphibious assault ship “Sichuan” at a
shipyard in Shanghai, China. It is equipped with an electromagnetic catapult for fighter jets to enhance
naval combat capabilities in distant seas.
• The Sichuan, the first ship of the Type 076 class with a displacement of 40,000 tons, is
designed to deploy ground troops in landing crafts and offer them air support.
• China also launched its first icebreaker ship ‘Tan Suo San Hao’ for scientific and archaeological
research.
• The Sichuan, the first Yulan-class landing helicopter assault (LHA), is developed by Chinese
researchers and equipped with “arrestor” technology, which allows fighter jets to land on its
deck.
• It is the third aircraft carrier of the PLAN. The Fujian is China’s first warship to feature an
electromagnetic catapult and arresting technology, began sea trials with its maiden voyage on
1st May 2024, after being launched on 17th June 2022.
• The PLAN’s first and second aircraft carriers are the Liaoning and the Shandong.
• China’s first amphibious assault ships, the Type 075, launched in 2019.
• Chinese military expert Song Zhongping referred to the Sichuan as a “light aircraft carrier.”

27. Which country has recently (in December ‘24) launched its third surveillance satellite
equipped with Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) technology into space using a SpaceX Falcon 9
rocket?
1) China
2) Russia
3) South Korea
4) Japan
5) United States of America
Answer- 3) South Korea
Explanation:
In December 2024, South Korea successfully launched its third surveillance satellite, equipped with
Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) technology, into space using a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket. The launch
took place at the Vandenberg Space Force Base in California, the United States of America (USA).
• This launch marks the latest step in the country’s “425 Project” to deploy a network of five
medium-to-large surveillance satellites.
• This achievement is part of South Korea’s effort to enhance its surveillance capabilities. It
is the third satellite launched in a year, following earlier launches in December 2023 and
April 2024.
• The country plans to launch two more satellites by 2025, reducing its reliance on satellite
imagery from the USA.

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 • With three satellites now in orbit, South Korea can independently monitor North Korea,
which continues to expand its weapons programs.

SPORTS
1. Who has recently (in November ‘24) announced retirement from competitive swimming?
1) Mahi Swetraj
2) Luana Alonso
3) Maggie Mac Neil
4) Emma Jennifer McKeon
5) Tatjana Smith
Answer- 4) Emma Jennifer McKeon
Explanation:
On November 25 2024, Emma Jennifer McKeon, (30), Australian swimmer and Olympic medalist,
announced her retirement from competitive swimming. She won a gold medal in the 4 x 100 metre
(m) freestyle relay in the 2024 Paris Games. It was her final Olympics.
• Emma McKeon holds the Australian record of 14 Olympic medals across Rio 2016, the Tokyo
2020 and Paris 2024 Games, with six Olympic gold medals, three silver medals and five bronze
medals.
• She is second only to American female Olympian Katie Ledecky (14 Olympic medals – 9 Gold)
in terms of Olympic swimming gold medals won.
• She competed at the Olympic Games Rio 2016 and won 4 medals (1 Gold, 2 silver and 1
Bronze).
• McKeon’s 11 Olympic medals overall broke the previous Australian record of nine from Ian
Thorpe and Leisel Jones over the course of their careers.
• She also won a record 20 Commonwealth Games medals, including 14 gold, and 20 medals at
the World Aquatics Championships.

2. For which year India has recently (in November ‘24) got the hosting rights for the Asian
Rifle/Pistol Cup?
1) 2029
2) 2028
3) 2026
4) 2025
5) 2027
Answer- 3) 2026
Explanation:
The National Rifle Association of India (NRAI) announced that the executive committee of the Asian
Shooting Confederation (ASC) has awarded the hosting rights for 2026 Asian Rifle/Pistol Cup to
India.
• This competition is set to take place in New Delhi, Delhi in 2026.
• India has previously hosted the 8th Asian Air Gun Competition in 2015 and the Asian Olympic
Qualifier in 2016.
• India hosted the ISSF World Cup Final Rifle/Pistol/Shotgun in New Delhi, Delhi in 2024.

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3. Alistair Brownlee has announced his retirement from professional competition at the age of
36.
Alistair Brownlee is a double Olympic champion in which sport?
1) Swimming
2) Aquathlon
3) Triathlon
4) Biathlon
5) Decathlon
Answer- 3) Triathlon
Explanation:
In November 2024, Alistair Brownlee, the British triathlete and double Olympic gold medallist,
announced his retirement from professional competition at the age of 36.
• Alistair Brownlee won gold medals at the London 2012 and Rio 2016 Olympics, leaving behind
a legacy marked by his dominance in the sport.
• He was also a world champion in 2009 and 2011 and a 4-time European champion.
• Although he retired from Olympic level competition in 2016, he continued to compete in long
distance triathlons and Ironman events, finishing as runner-up at the World Championship in
2018 and 2019.
• He was appointed to the International Olympic Committee (IOC) Athletes’ Commission in
2022, a role he will continue after his retirement.

4. Who has recently (in December ‘24) won the Formula 1 (F1) Qatar Grand Prix 2024 held in
Lusail, Qatar?
1) Charles Leclerc
2) Oscar Piastri
3) George Russell
4) Max Verstappen
5) Pierre Gasly
Answer- 4) Max Verstappen
Explanation:
On December 1 2024, Red Bull’s Max Verstappen (Netherlands) won the Formula 1 (F1) Qatar Grand
Prix 2024 which was held at the Lusail International Circuit in Lusail, Qatar.
• This was his 9th win of the season and 63rd of his career.
• Monégasque racing driver Charles Leclerc (Ferrari) secured the 2nd spot (18 points) for Ferrari
and Australia’s Oscar Piastri (McLaren) (15 points) claimed the 3rd spot.
• Max Verstappen won his first F1 World Championship title in 2021 after winning 10 Grands Prix
(GP) during the 2021 season.
• He won the next two championships in 2022 and 2023 and secured his 4th consecutive title in
2024 after winning 9 Grand Prix.

5. Who has recently (in November ‘24) won the women’s and men’s singles titles in Syed Modi
India International Super 300 tournament in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh (UP)?
1) Wu Luo Yu and Jia Heng Jason Teh
2) P.V Sindhu and Lakshya Sen
3) Tanisha Crasto and Huang Di

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4) Gayatri Gopichand and Dhruv Kapila
5) Dechapol Puavaranukroh and Supissara Paewsampran
Answer- 2) P.V Sindhu and Lakshya Sen
Explanation:
Indian shuttlers Pusarla Venkata (P.V) Sindhu and Lakshya Sen won the women’s and men’s
singles titles, respectively, at the Syed Modi India International Super 300 tournament held from
26th November 2024 to 1st December 2024 at the Babu Banarasi Das Indoor Stadium in Lucknow,
Uttar Pradesh (UP).
• P.V Sindhu defeated the world number 119 Wu Luo Yu of the People’s Republic of China to win
the Women’s Singles finals 21-14, 21-16.
• Lakshya Sen defeated Jia Heng Jason Teh of Singapore to win the Men’s Singles finals 21-6,
21-7.
• Commonwealth Games bronze medal-winners Gayatri Gopichand and Treesa Jolly defeated
China’s Bao Li Jing and Li Qian in the women’s double final to secure their 2nd BWF World
Tour title.
• P.V Sindhu has won a total of 5 medals at the BWF World Championships (2013, 2014,
2017.2018 and 2019) in which she has won a gold medal at 2019 BWF World Championship at
Basel, Switzerland.
• In 2024 she secured a gold medal in the 2024 Badminton Asia Team Championship in Malaysia
and also won a silver medal in the Malaysia Masters 2024.
• Lakshya Sen is a former World Junior No. 1 badminton player.
• He has won a gold medal in the 2022 CWG in Birmingham, England and in 2018 Asia Junior
Championships in Jakarta, Indonesia.
• He also secured a gold medal at the 2018 Youth Olympic Games mixed team’s event in Buenos
Aires, Argentina.
• At the Paris 2024 Olympics, Lakshya Sen became the first Indian to reach the men’s singles
semi-finals at the Summer Games. Click here to read more.

6. The Indian hockey team defeated Pakistan in the final to win the Men’s Hockey Junior Asia
Cup 2024 held from 26th November to 4th December in Muscat, Oman.
This victory marked India’s ______ title
1) First
2) Second
3) Third
4) Fourth
5) Fifth
Answer- 5) Fifth
Explanation:
The Indian hockey team defeated Pakistan by 5-3 in the final to win the Men’s Hockey Junior Asia
Cup 2024 held from 26th November to 4th December in Muscat, Oman.
• This victory marked India’s fifth title (2004, 2008, 2015 and 2023.) and a 3rd in succession
following the victories in 2015, 2023 and 2024
• Pakistan secured the 2nd spot in the tournament while Japan defeated Malaysia by 2-1 to
claim the 3rd spot.

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 • Hockey India announced a cash reward of 2 lakhs to each player and 1 lakh to each
support staff member on the title win.
• The team has won the Junior World Cup twice – 2001 World Cup in Hobart, Australia and in
2016 in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh (UP). They have also won the Sultan of Johor Cup in 2013,
2014 and 2022.

7. In which year Saudi Arabia will host the International Federation of Association Football
(FIFA) Men’s World Cup?
1) 2026
2) 2030
3) 2034
4) 2038
5) 2042
Answer- 3) 2034
Explanation:
On December 12 2024, the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA) announced Saudi
Arabia as the host for the Men’s World Cup 2034 during the Extraordinary FIFA Congress held in
Zurich, Switzerland. This significant milestone marks the kingdom’s global sports ambitions under
Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman’s Vision 2030 initiative.
• This is the first time Saudi Arabia will host the FIFA Men’s World Cup. Saudi Arabia,
including 48 countries, will compete at the 25th edition of the World Cup.
• FIFA also announced that Spain, Portugal and Morocco will co-host the 24th men’s World
Cup with one-off matches in three South American countries.
• For its centenary celebrations, the first three matches of the 2030 World Cup will be held in
Uruguay, Argentina and Paraguay.
• The 2026 World Cup will be jointly hosted by the USA, Canada and Mexico.

8. Who has recently (in December ‘24) became the second Indian and 16th player worldwide to
reach the gold-standard ELO rating of 2800 after legendary Viswanathan Anand?
1) Arjun Erigaisi
2) Praggnanandhaa
3) Vidit Santosh Gujrathi
4) Aravindh Chithambaram
5) Gukesh Dommaraju
Answer- 1) Arjun Erigaisi
Explanation:
Grandmaster (GM) Arjun Erigaisi became the second Indian and 16th player worldwide to reach the
gold-standard ELO rating of 2800, after legendary Viswanathan Anand.
• Arjun now has 2801 rating points and is currently ranked No. 4 in the world, just below
Hikaru Nakamura (2802) of the United State of America (USA).
• Norwegian Magnus Carlsen continued to be at the top spot with 2831 ratings, followed by
Fabiano Caruana (2805) of the USA.
• Earlier this year, he won both team gold and individual gold medals in the 45th Chess
Olympiad in Budapest, Hungary.

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9. Which country has recently (in December ‘24) won the Asian Cricket Council (ACC) Under
(U)-19 Men’s Asia Cup title by defeating India in the finals held at Dubai, United Arab Emirates
(UAE)?
1) Australia
2) Bangladesh
3) Pakistan
4) Sri Lanka
5) Afghanistan
Answer- 2) Bangladesh
Explanation:
Bangladesh defeated India in the finals by 59 runs to win their 2nd consecutive Asian Cricket Council
(ACC) Under (U)-19 Men’s Asia Cup title. The Final was held on 8th December 2024 at Dubai
International Cricket Stadium, Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE).
• The 11th edition of the tournament was held from 29th November to 8th December 2024 in
Sharjah and Dubai, UAE.
• Bangladesh won their first U-19 Men’s Asia Cup in 2023 by defeating UAE by 195 runs.
• India has been the most successful team to have won 8 titles in this tournament- 1989, 2003,
2012, 2013/14, 2016, 2018, 2019 and 2021 respectively.
• The Indian team was captained by Mohamed Amaan while the team of Bangladesh was
captained by Azizul Hakim Tamin.
• The participants included 5 Asian full members of the International Cricket Council (ICC) —
India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Afghanistan, and Bangladesh as well as the three associate
members—UAE, Japan, and Nepal who were selected through regional competitions.

10. In December 2024, British racer Lando Norris won the season-ending Formula 1 (F1) Abu
Dhabi Grand Prix (GP) 2024 held in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE).
Which brand does he represent?
1) Red Bull Racing
2) Aston Martin
3) Mercedes
4) McLaren
5) Ferrari
Answer- 4) McLaren
Explanation:
In December 2024, British racer Lando Norris of McLaren (25 points) won the season-ending
Formula 1 (F1) Abu Dhabi Grand Prix (GP) 2024 which was held at the Yas Marina Circuit in Abu
Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE).
• This victory has led McLaren to secure its first F1 Constructors’ title since 1998 (after 26
years).
• Carlos Sainz (Spain) (18 points) and Charles Leclerc (Monaco) (15 points) of Ferrari secured
2nd and 3rd spot, respectively, for Ferrari which was the only team that could have beaten
McLaren to the championship.
• This was the 4th victory for Lando Norris in the 2024 season. The other three being – Miami
GP, Netherlands GP and Singapore GP.
• Lando Norris made his F1 debut in the 2019 Australian GP.

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 • He achieved his first podium in Formula One at the 2020 Austrian GP, his first pole position at
the 2021 Russian and his first win at the 2024 Miami GP.

11. Where will the 5th edition of the Khelo India Winter Games (KIWG) 2025 take place
between January 23 and February 25, 2025 organised by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and
Sports?
1) Ladakh and Jammu & Kashmir
2) Delhi and Chandigarh
3) Assam and Nagaland
4) Puducherry and Tamil Nadu
5) Haryana and Punjab
Answer- 1) Ladakh and Jammu & Kashmir
Explanation:
On 11 December 2024, Union Minister Mansukh Mandaviya, Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports
(MYAS) announced that the 5th edition of the Khelo India Winter Games (KIWG) 2025 will take
place between January 23 and February 25, 2025, in Union Territory (UT) of Ladakh and UT of
Jammu & Kashmir (J&K).
• The KIWG will kick off the Khelo India season, with the Youth and Para Games in Bihar in
April 2025 and the University Games later in the year.
• Ice Events such as ice hockey and ice skating will be hosted from January 23 to 27, 2025
in Leh, Ladakh for the second consecutive year.
• Snow Events, including alpine skiing, Nordic skiing, ski mountaineering, and
snowboarding, will be hosted from February 22 to 25, 2025 in Gulmarg, J&K.
• The athletes identified through the KIWG will be integrated into the National Sports
Repository System (NSRS).

12. Indian grandmaster Gukesh Dommaraju becomes the youngest world champion at 18,
defeating China’s Ding Liren to win the World Chess Championship 2024, held from 25th
November to 12th December 2024 in Singapore, breaking the record of which world
champion?
1) Magnus Carlsen's
2) Vishwanathan Anand's
3) Bobby Fischer's
4) Anatoly Karpov's
5) Garry Kasparov's
Answer: 5) Garry Kasparov's
Explanation:
Indian grandmaster Gukesh Dommaraju (D. Gukesh) from Chennai (Tamil Nadu, TN) defeated China’s
Ding Liren in the 14th and final round to win the World Chess Championship 2024 that was held from
25th November to 12th December 2024 in Singapore.
i.With this win, D.Gukesh has become the 18th and the youngest world champion at the age of 18
years 8 months 14 days till date.
ii.Before Gukesh, Garry Kasparov (Russia) was crowned as the world champion in 1985 when he was
22 years, six months and 27 days old.

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iii.D.Gukesh was awarded with a prize money Rs.11.45 crore(USD 1.35 million) by the International
Chess Federation (FIDE).
iv.He will also be awarded with Rs.5 crore by the TN government.
v.Gukesh is the 2nd grandmaster from India to hold the world title.
vi.Grandmaster Viswanathan Anand was the unbeaten world champion for 6 years starting in 2007.
vii.Now, his name has been removed from the Rapid & Blitz lists by the FIDE.
viii. Magnus Carlsen, was 22 years, 11 months and 24 days when he won his first championship in
2013.

13. Which cricket team has recently (in December ‘24) won the 17th edition of the Syed
Mushtaq Ali Trophy (SMAT) 2024 by defeating Madhya Pradesh (MP) in Bengaluru, Karnataka?
1) Mumbai
2) Baroda
3) Chandigarh
4) Gujarat
5) Tamil Nadu
Answer- 1) Mumbai
Explanation:
Mumbai defeated Madhya Pradesh (MP) by 5 wickets to win the 17th edition of the Syed Mushtaq Ali
Trophy (SMAT) 2024. The Cricket tournament was held from 23rd November to 15th December
2024 and the final was held at the Mangalam Chinnaswamy Stadium in Bengaluru, Karnataka.
• This was Mumbai’s 2nd title at the Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy. Its first title came in 2022 when
they defeated Himachal Pradesh by 3 wickets in the final.
• The team of Mumbai was captained by Shreyas Iyer while the team of MP was captained by
Rajat Patidar.
• The winning team Mumbai has been awarded with Rs 5 crore as prize money while the
runners up team Madhya Pradesh has received Rs 2.5 crore as prize money.
• Mumbai is now the 4th team to win SMAT title twice before Baroda, Guajarat and Karnataka.
Tamil Nadu has won the tournament thrice.
• Shreyas Iyer has become the first captain in history to win both the Indian Premier League
(IPL) and Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy (SMAT) trophies in captain and in the same year.
• Mumbai is the most successful team in the history of Ranji Trophy, winning over 42 titles. It
also has won 14 Irani Cups.
• The 2024–25 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy is an annual Twenty20 cricket tournament in India
featuring all 38 teams from the Ranji Trophy.

14. Recently (in December '24), Team Asia, including India’s Manika Batra led by Ma Long,
defeated Team World led by Truls Moregardh to win the inaugural edition of the 'Waldner Cup
2024' held at ____________?
1) Sweden
2) Norway
3) Germany
4) Denmark
5) Finland
Answer- 2) Norway

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Explanation:
On December 16 2024, Team Asia comprising India’s Manika Batra, led by Ma Long won the 1st-ever
inaugural edition of the ‘Waldner Cup 2024’ by defeating Team World 14-10 in Oslo, Norway.
• The tournament was held from December 13 to 15, 2024 and was organized by Jan Ove
Waldner, the famous Swedish table tennis player and 1992 Olympic gold medallist.
i.Team Asia comprised China’s Ma Long, a 6 time Olympic Gold medallist, Chen Meng(China), the Paris
2024 women’s singles champion, South Korea’s Shin Yubin (2 time Olympic bronze medallist),
Kazakhstan’s Kirill Gerassimenko and India’s Manika Batra.
ii.Team World led Sweden’s Paris 2024 men’s singles silver medallist Truls Moregardh and 6 time
Olympic medallist Dimitrij Ovtcharov of Germany led 10-8 on the 2nd day, but Team Asia made a
strong comeback, winning the last 3 matches to take the match 14-10.
iii.Ma Long won the final match against Truls Moregardh, securing the victory for Team Asia.
iv.Manika Batra who ranked 25th in women’s singles, played two matches in the tournament.
v.The Waldner Cup was a two-day event. Each team had male and female players compete in singles,
doubles and mixed doubles matches.

15. The Union Minister of State (MoS) Raksha Khadse, Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports
(MYAS) has recently (in December ‘24) unveiled the Mascot, Logo, Anthem, Jersey, Torch, and
Tagline for the 38th National Games.
Which of the following is/are ‘Correct’ with respect to the event?
A) 38th National Games is scheduled to take place at the Rajiv Gandhi International Stadium in
Dehradun, Uttarakhand
B) The mascot for the 38th National Games is named ‘Mauli,’ inspired by the Himalayan Monal,
Uttarakhand’s state bird.
C) Indian Olympic Association President PT Usha announced that ‘yoga’ and ‘mallakhamb’ will
be included as demonstration sports in the National Games.
1) Only A and B
2) Only B and C
3) Only C
4) All A, B, and C
5) Only A and C
Answer- 4) All A, B, and C
Explanation:
In December 2024, Union Minister of State(MoS) Raksha Khadse, Ministry of Youth Affairs and
Sports(MYAS), unveiled the Mascot, Logo, Anthem, Jersey, Torch and Tagline for the 38th
National Games at an event held at Maharana Pratap Sports College in Dehradun(Uttarakhand). It
aims to promote sports culture, enhance infrastructure and motivate young athletes.
i.The 38th National Games is scheduled to take place at the Rajiv Gandhi International Stadium in
Dehradun, Uttarakhand from January 28 to February 14, 2025 with over 10,000 athletes competing in
38 sports.
ii.Mascot: The mascot for the 38th National Games is named ‘Mauli,’ inspired by the Himalayan Monal,
Uttarakhand’s state bird.
iii.Logo: The logo featuring ‘the Monal’, symbolizes the state’s rich natural beauty and diversity.
iv.The mascot and logo aim to inspire young athletes and highlight Uttarakhand’s unique identity.

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v.Tagline: The official tagline of the 38thNational Games, titled ‘Sankalp Se Shikhar Tak’ (From
Resolve to Zenith), was launched at the event.
• The tagline reflects the spirit of perseverance & determination required to achieve great
heights.
vi.Jersey: A special jersey was unveiled for the 38th National Games, designed to represent the state
and national spirit.
vi.Torch: The newly designed torch incorporates motifs of the perennial holy river Ganga and the state
flower, Brahma Kamal, also known as the “Lotus of the Darks”.
• The 38th National Games torch was lit during the event and will travel across Uttarakhand,
promoting unity and sportsmanship.
vii.Inclusion of Yoga and Mallakhamb: IOA President PT Usha announced that ‘yoga’ and
‘mallakhamb’ will be included as demonstration sports in the National Games.
• These traditional sports aim to highlight the cultural heritage of India and provide a platform
for showcasing indigenous athletic practices.
viiiThe state has allocated Rs 500 crore for infrastructure development, including new sports
facilities and renovation of existing stadiums.

16. Which Pakistani cricketers recently (in December ‘24) announced their retirement from
international cricket?
1) Shoaib Malik and Wahab Riaz
2) Mohammad Amir and Imad Wasim
3) Babar Azam and Shaheen Afridi
4) Sarfaraz Ahmed and Fakhar Zaman
5) Hasan Ali and Shadab Khan
Answer- 2) Mohammad Amir and Imad Wasim
Explanation:
Pakistani pacer Mohammad Amir announced his retirement from international cricket on 14th
December 2024 while Pakistan all-rounder Imad Wasim announced his retirement from international
cricket on 13th December 2024.
i.Amir and Imad Wasim both last represented Pakistan in the T20 World Cup 2024, held in the United
States of America (USA) and the West Indies.
ii.Imad and Amir had previously announced retirement in 2023 and 2021 respectively but reversed
their decision due to their requirement in the team for the T20 World Cup in June 2024.
iii.Mohammad Amir had represented Pakistan in 36 Tests, 61 One-Day Internationals (ODI), and 62
Twenty20 Internationals (T20I) in his cricket career.
iv.Imad Wasim had played 55ODIs, taking 44 wickets, while in 75 T20Is, he took a total of 73
• He played a key role in the Pakistan team in winning the 2017 ICC Champions Trophy and
became No.1 T20I bowler in 2017.

17. Which of the following points is/are ‘correct’ with respect to Ravichandran Ashwin’s
retirement from International cricket in December 2024?
A) He is India’s 2nd-highest wicket-taker in Test cricket with 537 wickets in 106 matches. After
representing India in 106 Tests, 116 ODIs and 65 T20Is and picking up 765 wickets across
formats.

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B) He received ICC Men’s Cricketer of the Year in 2016 for his consistency and brilliance on the
field.
C) He received the Padma Shri, one of India’s highest sports honours for his exceptional
contribution to cricket in 2015.
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C
3) Only B & C
4) Only C
5) All A, B & C
Answer- 1) Only A & B
Explanation:
On December 18 2024, Ravichandran Ashwin, India’s premier off-spinner announced his retirement
from International cricket ending a remarkable 14 year career at the top level across formats. He is
India’s 2nd-highest wicket-taker in Test cricket with 537 wickets in 106 matches.
• The announcement was made in the post match press conference following the third Test of
the ongoing Border-Gavaskar Trophy against Australia.
• After representing India in 106 Tests, 116 ODIs and 65 T20Is and picking up 765 wickets
across formats.
• He retires as the 2nd highest wicket-taker for India in Test cricket, with 537 wickets.
• He was the 1st bowler to take 100 wickets in the World Test Championship, achieving this
milestone in March 2022.
• He became the 2nd-fastest bowler to reach 500 Test wickets, achieving the milestone in 98
games in February 2024.
• He has won 11 ‘Player of the Series’ awards in Test cricket, the most by any Indian player.
• ICC Men’s Cricketer of the Year (2016): Received the award, a testament to his consistency
and brilliance on the field. Also, ICC Men’s Test Cricketer of the Year (2016)
• Arjuna Award (2015): One of India’s highest sports honours, for his exceptional contribution
to cricket.
• CEAT International Cricketer of the Year (2016-17): Received the first International Cricket
Rating System award in recognition of his outstanding performances across formats. Click here
to read more.

18. Where will be the 11th edition of the International Hockey Federation(FIH) Hockey
Women’s Junior World Cup (WC) 2025 held?
1) Ottawa, Canada
2) Santiago, Chile
3) Terrassa, Spain
4) Boston, United States
5) Potchefstroom, South Africa
Answer- 2) Santiago, Chile
Explanation:
In December 2024, the International Hockey Federation(FIH), headquartered in Lausanne,
Switzerland, announced that the 11th edition of the FIH Hockey Women’s Junior World Cup (WC)
2025 will be held in Santiago, Chile.
• This will be the fourth time the South American country has hosted the prestigious event.

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 • The upcoming tournament will feature 24 teams competing for the first time in FIH history.
This expansion is part of the FIH’s strategy to provide more opportunities for a diverse
range of National Associations.
• So far, the following teams have secured their spots in the tournament:
• Europe: Netherlands, Spain, England, Germany, Belgium, Ireland, Wales, Scotland.
• Pan America: Argentina, United States of America (USA), Uruguay, Canada
Teams from Africa, Asia, and Oceania will qualify at a later stage.

19. Which cricket team has recently (in December ‘24) won the 1st edition of Asian Cricket
Council (ACC) Under (U)-19 Women’s T20 Asia Cup 2024 by defeating Bangladesh in Kuala
Lumpur, Malaysia?
1) India
2) Nepal
3) Sri Lanka
4) Pakistan
5) Malaysia
Answer- 1) India
Explanation:
India defeated Bangladesh by 41 runs in the final to win the 1st edition of Asian Cricket Council
(ACC) Under (U)-19 Women’s T20 Asia Cup 2024 being held at the Bayuemas Oval in Kuala
Lumpur, Malaysia on 22nd December 2024.
• The tournament was held from 15th December to 22nd December 2024 in Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia.
• The Indian team was captained by Niki Prasad while the Bangladesh team was captained
by Sumaiya Akter.
• The Indian team won the tournament title followed by Bangladesh on the 2nd spot and
Nepal on the 3rd position.
• India’s Gongadi Trisha won the Player of the Match award in the finals. She was also the
Player of the Series and the top scorer in the tournament with 159 runs in 5 innings.
• A total of 6 teams participated – four Asian full members (Bangladesh, India, Pakistan
and Sri Lanka) and with hosts Malaysia and Nepal, who qualified for the tournament as
the winner of the Women’s U-19 Asia Qualifier 2025.

20. Who has recently (in December ‘24) won gold medals in the International Chess Federation
(FIDE) World Youth Under (U)-18 Open Rapid and Blitz events held in Brezice, Slovenia?
1) Alexander Khripachenko
2) Eline Roebers
3) Roman Pyrih
4) Dmitry Mochalov
5) Pranav Venkatesh
Answer- 5) Pranav Venkatesh
Explanation:
Indian grandmaster Pranav Venkatesh won gold medals on 17th December 2024 in the International
Chess Federation (FIDE) World Youth Under (U)-18 Open Rapid and Blitz events held at the
Terme Catez Hotel in Brezice, Slovenia.

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 • The tournament was held from 13th December to 17th December 2024.
• In the Rapid Category, he secured a total of 9.5 points to win a gold medal. Russia’s
Alexander Khripachenko won silver with 9 points, while Ukraine’s Roman Pyrih earned
the bronze with 7.5 points.
• In the Blitz Category, Pranav scored 19.5 points, finishing at the top. Russia’s Dmitry
Mochalov secured silver with 15.5 points, while Khripachenko (Russia) won a bronze
medal with 14.5 points.
• Pranav was the only Grandmaster competing in the entire event, which included six
categories across both Rapid and Blitz formats.
• International Master Eline Roebers (Netherlands) was the only female participant in the
open events. She was also one of just two players to defeat Pranav in the blitz format.
• Pranav earned the Grandmaster title in 2022 after securing his third norm at the 2022
Limpedea Cup, becoming the 75th grandmaster in Indian history.

21. Which organisation has recently (in December ‘24) partnered with the Hockey India
League (HIL) to provide live coverage of the 2024-25 hockey season across India?
1) ESPN
2) Star Sports
3) Sony Sports
4) Doordarshan
5) Zee Entertainment
Answer- 4) Doordarshan
Explanation:
In December 2024, Doordarshan (DD), India’s national television broadcaster, partnered with the
Hockey India League (HIL) to provide live coverage of the 2024-25 hockey season across the nation.
• This season’s HIL is historic, marking the launch of the Women’s Hockey India League
(Women’s HIL) alongside the men’s tournament.
• The introduction of the women’s league highlights Hockey India’s dedication to gender
inclusivity and promoting women’s hockey at a national level.
• The tournament, starting on December 28, 2024, will feature eight men’s teams and four
women’s teams, with matches with matches taking place at the Marang Gomke Jaipal Singh
Astroturf Hockey Stadium in Ranchi, Jharkhand, and the Birsa Munda Hockey Stadium in
Rourkela, Odisha.
• The Women’s Hockey India League will wrap up on January 26, 2025, in Ranchi, while the
men’s final is scheduled for February 1, 2025, in Rourkela.
• In addition, DD’s partnership with HIL will extend to all Hockey India National
Championships and other events organized by Hockey India, ensuring nationwide access
to the sport.

22. In which event Riya Shirish Thatte has recently (in December ‘24) won a gold medal at the
67th National Shooting Championship Competitions (NSCC) in New Delhi, Delhi?
1) 25m Pistol
2) 10m Air Pistol
3) 10m Air Rifle
4) 25m Rifle

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5) 50m Rifle 3 Positions
Answer- 1) 25m Pistol
Explanation:
In December 2024, Riya Shirish Thatte from Aurangabad clinched the gold medal in her first senior
national title in the women’s 25m pistol event at the 67th National Shooting Championship
Competitions (NSCC) at the Dr. Karni Singh Shooting Range in New Delhi, Delhi.
• She defeated Simranpreet Kaur Brar of Punjab 7-2 in a shoot-off after they had tied 2-2 at 31
hits in the eighth series of five-shot deciding. Rahi Sarnobat, a former Asian Games champion
and Olympian, finished third with 25 hits.
• Simranpreet won the junior women’s title to add to her senior silver. She defeated Payal of
Haryana 5-2 in a shoot-off after the two had matched at 34 hits apiece. Riya’s 30-hit total
earned her bronze in this category.

23. In Women’s Hockey Junior Asia Cup 2024 India has recently (in December ‘24) defeated
which country?
1) Japan
2) China
3) Belgium
4) Malaysia
5) South Korea
Answer- 2) China
Explanation:
India won the 2024 Women’s Hockey Junior Asia Cup (8th edition) by defeating China in a penalty
shootout in the final, securing the title for the second consecutive time. The event was held from 7 to
15 December 2024 and the finals were held at the Hockey Oman Stadium in Muscat, Oman.
• The Women’s Hockey Junior Asia Cup (WHJAC), also known as the Women’s International
Under-21 Field Hockey Championship of Asia, will be organized by the Asian Hockey
Federation (AHF) once every four years.
• This victory also served as a qualifier for the Federation Internationale de Hockey (FIH)
Women’s Hockey Junior World Cup 2025 in Chile, with the top five teams earning their
spots in the upcoming World Cup.
• Deepika Sehrawat from India, with 12 goals in the Women’s Hockey Junior Asia Cup 2024, was
the top scorer.
• India won their maiden Women’s Hockey Junior Asia Cup title in 2023 by defeating the
Republic of Korea in the final.

24. In which year India will host its first-ever World Athletics Continental Tour, a bronze-level
global meet, in Bhubaneswar, Odisha?
1) 2025
2) 2026
3) 2027
4) 2028
5) 2029
Answer- 1) 2025

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Explanation:
The Athletics Federation of India (AFI) confirmed that India is set to host its first-ever World
Athletics Continental Tour, a bronze level global meet on August 10, 2025 in Bhubaneswar,
Odisha.
• This will be the first time and most prestigious global event after India organised the 2004
World Half Marathon Championships in New Delhi, Delhi.
• A bronze level meet in the World Athletics Continental Tour is a mid-tier event where
athletes compete for world ranking points (category C).
• World Athletics Championships 2025, to be held from September 13 to 21,2025 in
Tokyo, Japan.
• The World Athletics Continental Tour, established in 2020, consists of events at
different levels: bronze, silver, and gold. These levels represent the standard of competition
and the prize money offered at each event.
• World Athletics (formerly known as the International Association of Athletics Federations
(IAAF)) is the organizer of the event.

25. In which year India will host the World Boxing Cup Final and the 3rd edition of World
Boxing Congress in New Delhi, Delhi?
1) 2025
2) 2026
3) 2027
4) 2028
5) 2029
Answer- 1) 2025
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Boxing Federation of India (BFI) headquartered in New Delhi, Delhi
announced that India will host the World Boxing Cup Final 2025 and the 3rd edition of World
Boxing Congress in November 2025 in New Delhi.
• The 2025 World Boxing Cup series will begin in Brazil in March 2025, followed by events
in Germany and Kazakhstan, culminating with the finale in New Delhi, India.
• The second World Boxing Congress was held on 3rd November 2024 in Colorado Springs,
United States of America.
• World Boxing (WB), based in Switzerland and established in April 2023, now has 60
member nations. The BFI became a member of WB in March 2024.

26. Which country will host the International Shooting Sport Federation (ISSF) Junior World
Cup 2025?
1) Bhutan
2) China
3) India
4) Nepal
5) South Korea
Answer- 3) India

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Explanation:
India will host the International Shooting Sport Federation (ISSF) Junior World Cup 2025, with the
National Rifle Association of India (NRAI), which regulates sports shooting in India, organizing the
event.
• The ISSF Junior World Cup 2025 will feature competitions in the rifle, pistol, and shotgun
categories. Junior World Cup competitions include both Olympic and non-Olympic events.
• The upcoming edition, will be the 11th Junior Shooting World Cup, and India will host the
competition for the first time.
• This will be the third top-tier ISSF event in India in three years. In 2024, New Delhi hosted
the season-ending 2024 World Cup Final and Bhopal hosted the senior ISSF World Cup in
2023.
• India has hosted six ISSF competitions, including two World Cup Finals and four senior ISSF
World Cups, in addition to two continental championships.

27. Which Indian state will host the Women’s Kabaddi World Cup 2025?
1) Bihar
2) Assam
3) Haryana
4) Maharashtra
5) Uttar Pradesh
Answer- 1) Bihar
Explanation:
The Women’s Kabaddi World Cup 2025 will take place in March 2025 at the Rajgir Sports Academy in
Bihar, India. The international event will be hosted for the 2nd time in Bihar, after the state
successfully organized the inaugural edition in 2012 at the Patliputra Sports Complex in Patna
(Bihar).
• The Women’s Kabaddi World Cup is an international competition for women’s kabaddi
teams, organized by the International Kabaddi Federation (IKF).
• The 2025 edition will feature 14 countries, including India, China, Japan, South Korea,
Nepal, Pakistan, Iran, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Poland, Argentina, South Africa and
South America.
• The tournament aims to promote kabaddi as a global sport, providing an international
platform for women’s teams to showcase their talent.

BOOKS AND AUTHORS

1. Who is the author of the book ‘Loh Purush Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Ka Jeevanvrit’ that was
recently (in November ‘24) released by Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu Chief Minister (CM) of
Himachal Pradesh (HP)?
1) Rakesh Kumar Sharma
2) Manibahen Patel
3) Nidhi Shrivastava
4) Ravi Kumar Srivastava
5) Balraj Krishna

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Answer- 1) Rakesh Kumar Sharma
Explanation:
In November 2024, Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu Chief Minister (CM) of Himachal Pradesh (HP) released a
book titled ‘Loh Purush Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Ka Jeevanvrit’, authored by Rakesh Kumar Sharma
in Shimla, HP.
• This book delves into the life of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, a key figure in India’s history.
• The book highlights detailed exploration of his personality, his pivotal role in India’s freedom
struggle and his contributions to nation-building.
• Rakesh Sharma has penned several notable books including ‘Loh Purush Sardar Vallabhbhai
Patel: Jeevan Darshan aur Rashtra Nirman ki Bhumika’ (2022) and ‘Iron Man Sardar
Vallabhbhai Patel: Role in Swaraj Struggle and National Integration’ (2023).

2. Which company has recently (in November ‘24) published the book “Beyond the Higgs
Boson: The W Boson and Dr. Ashutosh Kotwal’s Quest for the Unknown”?
1) Fourth Estate
2) Simon & Schuster
3) Bloomsbury Publishing
4) HarperCollins
5) Penguin Random House
Answer- 4) HarperCollins
Explanation:
In November 2024, the biography titled “Beyond the Higgs Boson: The W Boson and Dr. Ashutosh
Kotwal’s Quest for the Unknown” was released. The biography was published by HarperCollins
Publishers India.
• It was authored by Dr. Ashutosh Kotwal’s mother Manik Kotwal in Marathi as ‘Putra Vhava
Aisa to critical acclaim’ and translated into English by Jerry Pinto.
• This book chronicles the extraordinary life of Dr. Ashutosh Kotwal, a renowned Indian
physicist who made pivotal contributions to the discovery of the Higgs boson and the W boson.
• It highlights his groundbreaking research and key role in the 2012 Higgs boson discovery at
the Large Hadron Collider.

3. Who is the author of the recently (in November ‘24) released book ‘Tipu Sultan-The Saga of
the Mysore Interregnum’?
1) Chandrachur Ghose
2) Rakesh Kumar Sharma
3) Manu S. Pillai
4) Vikram Sampath
5) Mohibbul Hasan Khan
Answer- 4) Vikram Sampath
Explanation:
In November 2024, External Affairs Minister Dr S Jaishankar released Vikram Sampath’s book ‘Tipu
Sultan-The Saga of the Mysore Interregnum’ at the Indian Habitat Centre in New Delhi, Delhi.
• He described Tipu Sultan as a “complex figure” in Indian history who resisted the imposition
of British colonial control over India.

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 • The book provides a detailed account of Tipu Sultan’s life and reign in Indian history. The book
offers a balanced perspective on Tipu Sultan’s legacy by exploring his achievements and
controversial policies.
• This book was published by Penguin Random House India.

4. Who is the author of the recently (in December ‘24) released books ‘Hindu Rashtra Hai Kya’,
The Fight for the Republic’, and ‘Reflections on Culture, Media, and Science’?
1) Sitaram Yechury
2) Sunil Khilnani
3) Amrita Shah
4) Ramchandra Guha
5) A S Bhasin
Answer- 1) Sitaram Yechury
Explanation:
In December 2024, former CPI(M) General Secretary Prakash Karat released the three books based
on late Communist Party of India (Marxist) CPI(M) leader Sitaram Yechury’s writings on culture,
media, science and secularism at Jawahar Bhawan in New Delhi (Delhi).
• These books, published posthumously by the Safdar Hashmi Memorial Trust (SAHMAT)
based in New Delhi and Tulika Books. These books are available in both Hindi and English.
• One of the books, ‘Hindu Rashtra Hai Kya’, is a Hindi translation of Yechury’s influential
1993 work What is Hindu Rashtra, written shortly after the demolition of the Babri Masjid.
• The other two books are ‘The Fight for the Republic’, which includes essays on Hindutva
and India @75, and ‘Reflections on Culture, Media, and Science’.

5. Which organisation has published the recently (in December ‘24) launched Ravi Prashar’s
book New Bharat – Modi’s Vision and Development 2019-2024?
1) Indian Express
2) Hindustan Times
3) Fourth Estate
4) Simon & Schuster
5) Bloomsbury Publishing
Answer- 2) Hindustan Times
Explanation:
On 11 December 2024, Union Minister of Culture and Tourism Gajendra Singh Shekhawat, launched
the book titled New Bharat – Modi’s Vision and Development 2019-2024 at the Constitution Club in
New Delhi (Delhi). The event was attended by Navneet Sehgal, Chairman of Prasar Bharati, along with
other distinguished dignitaries.
• The book is authored by Ravi Prashar and published by Hindustan Times.
• The book showcases the developmental initiatives and schemes implemented under the
leadership of Prime Minister (PM) of India, Narendra Modi, reflecting his vision for India’s
progress.
• Union Minister Shekhawat emphasized that the book symbolizes the nation’s development
journey and the changing global perception of India under PM Modi’s leadership.

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6. In December 2024, HarperCollins Publishers India announced the release of the memoir
"Bring It On: The Incredible Story of My Life" by which prominent Indian athlete?
1) Deepa Malik
2) Mary Kom
3) Saina Nehwal
4) P.V. Sindhu
5) Sakshi Malik
Answer- 1) Deepa Malik
Explanation:
In December 2024, HarperCollins Publishers India Private Limited, headquartered in Gurgaon,
Haryana, a subsidiary of HarperCollins Publishers Limited (United Kingdom, UK), has announced the
release of Bring It On: The Incredible Story of My Life, a memoir by Deepa Malik, India’s first female
Paralympic medalist.
• The book shares Deepa Malik’s inspiring journey of overcoming numerous challenges,
including surviving three spinal tumors. She discusses her fight against societal biases,
patriarchy, and politics, all while breaking barriers as a wheelchair-liberated athlete.
• Deepa Malik is India’s leading para athlete, having won 23 international medals. She made
history as India’s first female Paralympic medalist with a silver at the Rio Paralympics 2016.
She has received the Padma Shri, Khel Ratna, Arjuna Award, and holds four Limca Book of
Records (LBR).
• She has served as the first female president of the Paralympic Committee of India (PCI),
holds three honorary doctorates, the Asian Order, and now serves as South Asia’s
representative on the Asian Paralympic Committee (APC) board.

7. Who authored the book “Chhaunk On Food, Economics and Society” co-authored by
Cheyenne Olivier, launched in December 2024?
1) Amartya Sen
2) Kailash Satyarthi
3) P. Chidambaram
4) Raghuram Rajan
5) Abhijit Vinayak Banerjee
Answer- 5) Abhijit Vinayak Banerjee
Explanation:
The book titled “Chhaunk On Food, Economics and Society” was launched during the curtain raiser
of Apeejay Kolkata Literary Festival (AKLF), India’s only literary festival organised by a bookstore, at
the Oxford Bookstore in Kolkata, West Bengal(WB). The book was authored by Nobel Prize laureate
Abhijit Vinayak Banerjee and co-authored by Cheyenne Olivier. It was published by Juggernaut
Publication.
• The book explores Indian culinary traditions, blending personal memories, food, and
economics. It’s a conversational, accessible read with delicious recipes, resonating with
those who lived through the 70s and 80s.
• Abhijit Vinayak Banerjee is an Indian-American economist who was awarded the ‘Nobel
Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences’ in 2019, alongside his co-recipients Esther Duflo
and Michael Kremer for their experimental approach to poverty alleviation and economic
development.

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 • Other Books authored by him: Cooking to Save Your Life (2021); What the Economy
Needs Now (2019); Poverty and Income Distribution in India (2019) etc.,

OBITUARY
1. Shashi Ruia, Co-founder of _______________ has recently (in November ‘24) passed away in
Mumbai, Maharashtra.
1) Tata Group
2) Aditya Birla Group
3) Essar Group
4) Larsen & Toubro
5) Reliance Industries
Answer- 3) Essar Global Fund Limited
Explanation:
In November 2024, Essar Global Fund Limited (EGFL) co-founder and a business tycoon Shashi Ruia
passed away at the age of 81 in Mumbai, Maharashtra. He was born on December 23, 1943 in
Rajasthan.
• Shashi Ruia known for his humility and philanthropy, was a first-generation entrepreneur and
businessman who began his career in 1965 under the guidance of his father, Nand Kishore
Ruia.
• He along with his brother Ravi Ruia, established Essar Group (The company known as Essar
Global Fund Limited, EGFL) in 1969. Initially the Essar group focused on construction and
engineering projects.
• He also served as the head of the Indo-United States(US) Joint Business Council and President
of the Indian National Shipowners Association (INSA). He was a member of the Prime
Minister’s (PM) Indo-US Chief Executive Officer(CEOs) Forum and the India-Japan Business
Council.
• He joined an elite list of achievers in 2017.He along with his brother were presented with the
“Business India Businessman of the Year Award” in 2010.

2. Sivapatham Vittal, regarded as “The Father of______________” in India has recently (in November
‘24) passed away at the age of 83.
1) Endocrinology
2) Modern Surgery
3) Endocrine Surgery
4) Thyroidectomy
5) Plastic Surgery
Answer- 3) Endocrine Surgery
Explanation:
In November 2024, Sivapatham Vittal, regarded as “The Father of Endocrine Surgery” in India
passed away at the age of 83. He was born on August 30, 1941 in Chennai, Tamil Nadu(TN).
• The Government of India (GoI) honoured him with the ‘Padma Shri award’, third highest
civilian award in 2011 for his service in the field of Medicine.

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 • Sivapatham Vittal, was an eminent teacher for more than 40 years. He was part of the
Advisory Board of the prestigious British Journal of Surgery, International and Indian Journal
of Surgery.
• He was instrumental in creating the specialty of Endocrine Surgery at Madras Medical College
(MCC), the 1st Department in India and played a pivotal role in the development of Endocrine
Surgery in several other institutions in India. He was a renowned Endocrine Surgeon both in
India and internationally.
• He also edited and published a book on “Surgical Endocrinology”.
• Sivapatham Vittal has received the “Dr B C Roy National Award” in 1995 for developing the
specialty of Surgical Endocrinology in India.
• In 2012, he was also honoured with the “Lifetime Achievement Award” by The Association of
Surgeons of India (ASI) and TN Dr MGR Medical University.

3. Thomas Eugene Kurtz the co-creator of _______________ programming language and the
Dartmouth Time-Sharing System (DTSS) passed away in Lebanon, New Hampshire, United
States of America in November 2024.
1) C++
2) BASIC
3) Python
4) Java
5) JavaScript
Answer- 2) BASIC
Explanation:
In November 2024, Thomas Eugene Kurtz the co-creator of the Beginner’s All-purpose Symbolic
Instruction Code (BASIC) programming language and the Dartmouth Time-Sharing System (DTSS)
passed away at the age of 96 in Lebanon, New Hampshire (NH), the United States of America (USA).
He was born on February 22 1928 in Illinois, USA.
• Thomas E Kurtz, started his career as a mathematician professor at Dartmouth College, where
he co-designed the Dartmouth Time-Sharing System(DTSS) and the simplified computer
programming language known as BASIC with his colleague John G. Kemeny.
• Thomas E Kurtz with an early computer at Dartmouth in the 1960s worked to make computers
more accessible to all students.
• He was honoured with the “Computer Pioneer Award” from the Institute of Electrical and
Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 1991, and fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery
in 1994.

4. Omchery N.N. Pillai passed away at the age of 100 in New Delhi, Delhi.
What is the profession of Omchery N.N. Pillai
1) Writer
2) Poet
3) Scientist
4) Journalist
5) Economist
Answer- 1) Writer

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Explanation:
In November 2024, Renowned Malayalam playwright and writer Professor Omchery N.N. Pillai
passed away at the age of 100 in New Delhi, Delhi. He was born on February 1, 1924 at Kottayam,
Kerala.
• Omchery N.N. Pillai began his career with All India Radio by joining its Malayalam news
division in 1951. He wrote his first play Ee Velicham Ningaludethakunnu (This Light is Ours)
at the behest of AK Gopalan who was then the Leader of Opposition in the Indian parliament.
• He wrote more than 80 one-act plays and nine plays and was renowned for his different style
of writing that experimented with form, technique, and newer themes.
• In 2020, Kendra Sahitya Akademi award was given to his memoir ‘Akasmikam’ (The
Accidental). In 1972, he won the Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award and the Sahitya Pravarthaka
Sahakarana Sangham award for his play ‘Pralayam’.
• He has also received the Sahitya Akademi award for his overall contribution to Malayalam
literature in 2010.

5. Name the Indian Classical Musician and Sarod player who passed away in November 2024.
1) Ustad Aashish Khan
2) Dr Prabha Atre
3) Malini Rajurkar
4) Ustad Rashid Khan
5) Pandit Ram Narayan
Answer- 1) Ustad Aashish Khan
Explanation:
In November 2024, Indian Classical Musician and Sarod player ‘Ustad Aashish Khan’ passed away at
the age of 84 in Los Angeles, the United States of America (USA). He was born in 1939 in Maihar,
Madhya Pradesh(MP).
• In 2004, he was honoured with the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award (Akademi Ratna), the
highest recognition for performing arts.
• In 2006, Ustad Aashish Khan received a Grammy nomination in the ‘Best Traditional
World Music Album’ category for his album “Golden Strings of the Sarode”.
• He formed his own Indo-jazz band “Shanti” with tabla maestro Ustad Zakir Hussain in 1969.
He also established the Aashish Khan School of World Music in Kolkata, West Bengal(WB).

6. Name the former Chief Minister (CM) of Karnataka and Padma Vibhushan Awardee who
passed away in December 2024.
1) J. H. Patel
2) Ramakrishna Hegde
3) Sarekoppa Bangarappa
4) Dharam Narayan Singh
5) Somanahalli Mallaiah Krishna
Answer- 5) Somanahalli Mallaiah Krishna
Explanation:
On December 10 2024, Somanahalli Mallaiah(SM) Krishna, former Chief Minister (CM) of
Karnataka and former Governor of Maharashtra passed away at the age of 92 in Bengaluru, Karnataka.
He was born on May 1 ,1932 in Somanahalli, Mysore(Karnataka).

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 • In 2023, he was honoured with the Padma Vibhushan, the 2nd highest civilian award of India,
in recognition of his contributions to Indian politics.
• SM Krishna began his political career in 1962 by winning the Maddur Vidhana Sabha seat as an
independent, defeating K.V. Shankar Gowda.
• He served as the 10th CM of Karnataka from 1999 to 2004 and led the state during which he
laid the foundation for Bengaluru’s emergence as an Information Technology (IT) hub.
• He also served as the 19th Governor of Maharashtra from 2004 to 2008 and also the Union
Minister of External Affairs under the United Progressive Alliance (UPA) government from
2009–2012.

7. In December 2024, Indian ____________ Player ‘Raj Manchanda’ also known as ‘the Old Fox’
passed away in New Delhi, Delhi.
1) Cricket
2) Squash
3) Hockey
4) Badminton
5) Football
Answer- 2) Squash
Explanation:
In December 2024, Indian Squash Player ‘Raj Manchanda’ also known as ‘the Old Fox’ passed away
at the age of 79 in New Delhi, Delhi. He was born on 5th August 1945 in Abohar, Punjab.
• He received the ‘Best Service Sportsman Award’ in 1981 and was awarded India’s second-
highest sports honor Arjuna Award in 1983 for his contributions to the sport.
• He won six straight National Squash Championships from 1977 to 1982 and also won 11
titles for the Services.
• He led the Indian squash team to a silver medal at the 1981 Asian Team Championships in
Karachi and a bronze at the 1984 Championships in Jordan.
• Two squash courts at the National Defence Academy (NDA), Pune (Maharashtra) and the
Indian Military Academy (IMA), Dehradun(Uttarakhand), were named in his honour.

8. Renowned ___________________ and Padma Shri Awardee Purushottam Upadhyay passed away at
the age of 90 in December 2024.
1) Marathi Dancer
2) Punjabi Poet
3) Tabla Maestro
4) Gujarati Singer
5) Classical Dancer
Answer- 4) Gujarati Singer
Explanation:
In December 2024, Renowned Gujarati Singer and Padma Shri Awardee Purushottam Upadhyay
passed away at the age of 90 in Mumbai, Maharashtra. He was born on August 15 1934 in Kheda,
Gujarat.
• In 2017, he was honoured with Padma Shri Award, India’s 4th highest civilian honor, for his
exceptional contribution in music.

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 • Purushottam Upadhyay, a celebrated figure in Gujarati music renowned for iconic songs like
“He Ranglo Jamyo, Divaso Judaina Jay Che, Ae Jaashe Jarur Milan Sudhi and Kahu Chu
Jawanine”.
• Over his illustrious career, he composed music for more than 20 films and 30 plays.
• He was also honoured with the Gujarat Gaurav Puraskar award conferred by Gujarat Sahitya
Akademi and the Government of Gujarat for his contributions in Gujarati Literature.
• He has also received the Vishwa Gujarat Award, the Nagar Ratna Award and the Nalanda
University Award.

9. In December 2024, Renowned Indian tabla player & Padma Awardee Zakir Hussain Allaraka
Qureshi passed away at the age of 73.
When did he receive the Padma Vibhushan award for his immense contribution to music?
1) 1988
2) 1996
3) 2002
4) 2018
5) 2023
Answer- 5) 2023
Explanation:
In December 2024, Renowned Indian tabla player & Padma Awardee Zakir Hussain Allaraka
Qureshi passed away at the age of 73 in California, the United States of America (USA). He was born
on March 9, 1951 in Mumbai, Maharashtra.
• Zakir Hussain, a 4 time Grammy award winner, has received the Padma Vibhushan, the
Padma Bhushan and the Padma Shri.
• Zakir Hussain was an iconic tabla virtuoso, composer, percussionist and music producer who
was celebrated for bringing classical Indian music to a global audience.
• Hussain’s remarkable career spanned across Indian classical music, film music, jazz and world
music. He was also a film actor and received widespread acclaim for his pioneering work in
world music fusion.
• Planet Drum went on to win the 1st-ever Grammy for ‘Best World Music Album’ in 1992,
setting the stage for Zakir Hussain’s global recognition.
• In February 2024, he became the 1st Indian musician to receive 3 Grammys at the “66th
Annual Grammy Awards” for ‘Best Global Music Album’, ‘Best Global Music Performance’ and
‘Best Contemporary Instrumental Album’.
• Padma Shri (1988) – He received India’s 4th highest civilian award for his exceptional
contributions to Indian music.
• Padma Bhushan (2002) – He received India’s 3rd highest civilian award for his distinguished
service in the field of art and culture.
• Padma Vibhushan (2023) – He received India’s 2nd highest civilian award in recognizing his
immense contribution to music.
• He won 4 Grammy Awards throughout his career, including 3 in 2024 alone. His wins were
for his collaborative works, including ‘Pashto, As We Speak, and This Moment’ with the
pioneering world fusion band Shakti.

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10. In December 2024, renowned Baiga Tribal _________ Jodhaiya Bai passed away at the age of
86 in the Umaria district of Madhya Pradesh (MP).
1) Singer
2) Dancer
3) Artist
4) Writer
5) Violinist
Answer- 3) Artist
Explanation:
In December 2024, renowned Baiga Tribal Artist Jodhaiya Bai passed away at the age of 86 in the
Umaria district of Madhya Pradesh (MP). She was born in MP in 1938.
• In 2023, she was awarded the Padma Shri Award, India’s fourth highest civilian honour, for
her contribution in the field of arts.
• She played a key role in bringing Baiga tribal art to global recognition.
• In 2022, she received the Nari Shakti Puraskar, an annual award given by the Ministry of
Women and Child Development of the Government of India in recognition of her achievements.
• The name Baiga means ‘Sorcerer-medicine man’. They were primarily found in MP, Uttar
Pradesh (UP), Odisha, West Bengal (WB), Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand.

11. Name the renowned folk artist and Padma Shri awardee who has recently (in December
‘24) passed away in Warangal, Telangana.
1) Sharda Sinha
2) Darshanam Mogilaiah
3) Madhukar Nerale
4) Varadarao Kamalakara Rao
5) Pasumarthi Krishnamurthy
Answer- 2) Darshanam Mogilaiah
Explanation:
In December 2024, Renowned folk artist and Padma Shri awardee Darshanam Mogilaiah passed
away at the age of 73 in Warangal, Telangana. He was born in 1951 in Ausalikunta, Andhra Pradesh,
AP (now in Telangana).
• He was awarded the Padma Shri, India’s fourth-highest civilian award, in 2022 for his
contributions to traditional folk music.
• Darshanam Mogilaiah born into a family of ‘Kinnera’ players, an instrument originating from
the 4th century CE. He was known as ‘Kinnera Mogulaiah’.
• He was nationally recognised by his incredible invention of a 12-stair Kinnera, which set him
apart from other artists and preserved the heritage of Telangana’s folk music.
• His work received attention from audiences in the Tollywood movie ‘Balagam’. In this movie,
along with his acting, he sang the heartfelt song ‘Thoduga Maa Thodundi’ which became a
favorite among folk music fans.

12. In November 2024, renowned _______________ and scholar K.V. Raman, known for his
invaluable contributions to ancient history, and temple architecture, passed away.
1) Historian
2) Sculpture artist

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3) Temple Architect
4) Archaeologist
5) Anthropologist
Answer- 4) Archaeologist
Explanation:
In November 2024, renowned archaeologist and scholar K.V. Raman, known for his invaluable
contributions to ancient history, archaeology, and temple architecture, passed away at the age of 90
in Chennai, Tamil Nadu(TN). He was born in Chingleput, TN in 1934.
• K.V. Raman, was a distinguished archaeologist known for his exceptional contributions to the
study of ancient Indian history, particularly Pandya history.
• He was a professor at the University of Madras (UNOM), Chennai. Before joining the university,
he worked with the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), playing a significant role in several
key excavations.
• Works: K.V. Raman was a distinguished author with key works like Early History of the
Madras Region, a significant contribution to ancient history, and a study of the Sri
Varadharajaperumal Temple located in Kanchipuram, TN. His book ‘Principles and Methods of
Archaeology’ is a foundational guide on archaeological methods.
• Awards: His scholarly work earned him numerous accolades, including the prestigious United
Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Regional Educational
Award and recognition as a Senior Fellow of the Association of Commonwealth Universities
(ACU) in the United Kingdom (U.K).

13. In December 2024, Terry Griffiths former World Snooker Champion passed away at the age
of 77.
Which country does he belong to?
1) United Kingdom
2) United States
3) Canada
4) Australia
5) Germany
Answer- 1) United Kingdom
Explanation:
In December 2024, Terry Griffiths, the British player and former World Snooker Champion, passed
away at the age of 77 in Wales, the United Kingdom(UK). He was born in 1947 in Wales, the UK.
• He made history in 1979 by winning the Crucible World Championship (WC). He went on to
achieve the “triple crown” in snooker, winning the Masters in 1981 and the UK Championship
in 1982.
• After retiring in 1997, he became a successful coach, mentoring top players such as Mark
Williams, Stephen Hendry, and Mark Allen.
• In recognition of his contribution to the sport, he was awarded an Order of the British Empire
(OBE) in 2007.

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14. In December 2024, ___________________ Tulsi Gowda also known as ‘Encyclopedia of Forest’,
passed away at the age of 86
1) Forest Officer
2) Botanist
3) Zoologist
4) Conservationist
5) Environmentalist
Answer- 5) Environmentalist
Explanation:
In December 2024, an environmentalist Tulsi Gowda also known as ‘Encyclopedia of Forest’, passed
away at the age of 86 in Honnali, Karnataka. She was born in 1938 in Honnali.
• In 2021, she was awarded the Padma Shri Award, India’s fourth highest civilian honour, for
her contribution to environmental conservation.
• Tulsi Gowda hails from the Halakki tribal family and is regarded as the “Vruksha Maate”
(Mother of Trees) by her tribe due to her deep knowledge of the forest.
• She is recognized for planting and taking care of over 1,00,000 trees across Karnataka. She
plants more than 30,000 saplings every year, creating a lasting legacy of thousands of trees.
• University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad (UASD), Karnataka awarded her a doctorate for
her environmental knowledge and efforts.
• In 1986, She was honoured with the Indira Priyadarshini Vrikshamitra Award (IPVM),
which recognizes outstanding efforts in tree planting and the development of barren lands.
• In 1999, she was awarded the Karnataka Rajyotsava Award, (also known as the Kannada
Rajyotsava Award), which is the second-highest civilian honour in Karnataka, given annually to
distinguished citizens over sixty.

15. Recently (in December ‘24) Om Prakash Chautala, the five-time Chief Minister (CM) of
_________ passed away at the age of 89.
1) Delhi
2) Haryana
3) Punjab
4) Uttar Pradesh
5) Rajasthan
Answer- 2) Haryana
Explanation:
In December 2024, Om Prakash Chautala,a five-time Chief Minister (CM) of Haryana, passed away at
the age of 89 in Gurugram,Haryana. He was born on January 1, 1935, in Sirsa, Haryana.
About Om Prakash Chautala:
i.In 1970, Om Prakash Chautala began his political career by winning his first election to the Haryana
Legislative Assembly as a member of the Janata Dal (People’s Party).
ii.From 1987-1990, he was elected to the Rajya Sabha (Upper House of the Indian Parliament) and
served until 1990.
iii.In 1989, he became the CM of Haryana for the 1st time, succeeding his father, Chaudhary Devi Lal,
who had taken up the position of Deputy Prime Minister (DYCM) of India.
• Again he served as the CM of Haryana on 12 July 1990 to 17 July 1990, again from 22 March
1991 to 6 April 1991.

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iv.In 1996, he became the Leader of the Opposition in Haryana after the Haryana Vikas Party formed
the government. In1999, he formed a coalition government, becoming the CM of Haryana for the 4th
time.
v.In the Haryana Assembly elections 2000, he secured 47 seats in a 90-member assembly, and
continued as CM(5th time) until 5 March 2005.
vi.He had documented his experiences in Urdu diaries, which are being translated into Hindi for
upcoming books. His autobiography and a travelogue titled “Meri Videsh Yatra” covering his visits to
119 countries are almost ready for publication.

16. Padma Shri awardee and founder director of the Institute of Development Studies Kolkata
(IDSK) _________ recently (in December ‘24) passed away
1) Amartya Sen
2) Jagdish Bhagwati
3) Amiya Kumar Bagchi
4) Ashok Singhal
5) Jagannath Mishra
Answer- 3) Amiya Kumar Bagchi
Explanation:
Former professor, an economic historian and founder director of Institute of Development Studies
Kolkata (IDSK) Amiya Kumar Bagchi passed away due to age-related health complications.He was
awarded Padma Shri in 2005.
About Amiya Bagchi:
i.Amiya Bagchi was the founder and director of the Centre for Studies in Social Science in 1974 in
Kolkata.
ii.He also played an important role in preserving banking and finance records as an economic
historian and worked from 1976 to 1978 as an official historian of the State Bank of India.
iii.After leaving the Centre for Social Sciences, he joined the IDSK as founder director in 2002.
iv. He was also the president of Friends of Latin America (FOLA) and played an important role in
building Indian relations with the Latin American people.
Amiya Bagchi’s Works:
His first classic work came out in 1972 titled, Private Investment in India: 1900-1939 which was
inspired by his PhD.
His famous works include- The Political Economy of Underdevelopment, Perilous Passage:
Mankind and the Global Ascending of Capital, Capital and Labor Redefined: India and the Third World,
Colonialism and Indian Economy, Money and Credit in Indian History as well as the Evolution of the
State Bank of India: The Roots, 1806–1876.

17. Dr Manmohan Singh, former Indian Prime Minister (PM) and a key architect of India’s
economic reforms passed away at the age of 92 in New Delhi, Delhi.
Which of the following points is/are ‘correct’ with respect to the former Indian PM Dr.
Manmohan Singh?
A) He served as India’s 13th PM from 2004 to 2014 (2 consecutive terms), becoming India’s 4th
longest-serving PM.
B) He served as the 15th Governor of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) from 1982 to 1985.

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C) He received Padma Bhushan in 1987 for his exceptional and distinguished service in the
field of public affairs, particularly his contributions to India’s economic reforms.
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C
3) Only B & C
4) Only C
5) All A, B & C
Answer- 1) Only A & B
Explanation:
On December 26, 2024, Dr Manmohan Singh, former Indian Prime Minister(PM) and a key architect
of India’s economic reforms passed away at the age of 92 in New Delhi (Delhi). He was born on 16
September 1932 in Gah, West Punjab (British India).
• Manmohan Singh served as India’s 13th PM from 2004 to 2014 (2 consecutive terms),
becoming India’s 4th longest-serving PM.
• He served as the 15th Governor of the Reserve Bank of India(RBI) from 1982 to 1985.
• The National Stock Exchange (NSE), which was formally launched in 1992, saw significant
reforms and expansion during his tenure as the Finance Minister of India.
• The Golden Quadrilateral project aimed at improving connectivity between major cities, was
further accelerated during his tenure, alongside the expansion of highways, ports and
airports.
• National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005 (NREGA), later renamed the Mahatma Gandhi
National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), was launched during his time as PM.
• The Right to Information (RTI) Act 2005, which was enacted in 2005, a transparency law that
gave citizens the legal right to access information about government functioning aimed to
promote government accountability and reduce corruption.
• Padma Vibhushan (1987): India’s second-highest civilian award, given for his exceptional
and distinguished service in the field of public affairs, particularly his contributions to India’s
economic reforms.
• Indira Gandhi Prize for Peace, Disarmament and Development (2009): Received
the award for his leadership and economic policies that transformed India into one of the
world’s fastest-growing economies. Click here to read more.

18. In December 2024, Renowned Indian _______________ and Padma Awardee Shyam Benegal
passed away at the age of 90 in Mumbai, Maharashtra.
1) Musician
2) Filmmaker
3) Scientist
4) Writer
5) Journalist
Answer- 2) Filmmaker
Explanation:
In December 2024, Renowned Indian film-maker & Padma Awardee Shyam Benegal passed away at
the age of 90 in Mumbai, Maharashtra. He was born on 14 December 1934 in Secunderabad, Andhra
Pradesh (AP) (now Telangana).

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 • Shyam Benegal won 18 National Awards and received the ‘Padma Shri’ and ‘Padma
Bhushan’ awards for his contribution in the Indian film industry.
• Shyam Benegal began his career in 1959 as a copywriter at Lintas Advertising (now
MullenLowe Lintas Group), Mumbai (Maharashtra) and became creative head, directing over
900 advertising films and documentaries.
• His last project was the 2023 biographical film ‘Mujib: The Making of a Nation’ a biopic
about Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, who led Bangladesh’s struggle against Pakistan.
• In 1976, he received the ‘Padma Shri’, India’s 4th highest civilian award, and ‘Padma
Bhushan’, India’s 3rd highest civilian award, in 1991 for his distinguished service in the field
of arts.
• In 2007, he received the ‘Dadasaheb Phalke Award’, ‘Lifetime Achievement Award’ in 2015
from the All Lights India International Film Festival and ‘Shantaram Lifetime Achievement
Award’ in 2018.
• He has won 18 National Awards, a Filmfare Award and a Nandi Award for various films and
also received the National Film Award for ‘Best Feature Film’ in Hindi 7 times.

19. Renowned Malayalam writer, filmmaker and Padma Bhushan Awardee MT Vasudevan Nair
passed away at the age of 91 in Kozhikode, Kerala.
When did he receive the Padma Bhushan award for literature and education?
1) 2002
2) 2005
3) 2013
4) 2019
5) 2022
Answer- 2) 2005
Explanation:
Renowned Malayalam writer, filmmaker and Padma Bhushan Awardee MT Vasudevan Nair(known
as MT), passed away at the age of 91 in Kozhikode, Kerala. He was born in 1933 at Kudallur, Kerala.
• In 2005, he was awarded the Padma Bhushan, India’s third-highest civilian honour for
literature and education.
• MT Vasudevan Nair began his career as a sub-editor in the Malayalam weekly ‘Mathrubhumi’
in 1956 and later became its editor in 1968.
• He authored 9 novels, 19 collections of short stories and published several collections of essays
and memoirs over a career spanning seven decades.
• He directed six films, including the evocative Nirmalyam, a Malayalam film, along with two
documentaries. He wrote around 54 screenplays and his screenplays have earned four
National Awards and 11 State Awards.
• His novel Naalukettu (Ancestral Home- translated to English as The Legacy) won the Kerala
Sahitya Akademi Award in 1958. He received the Jnanpith Award, India’s highest literary
honour in 1995 for his overall contribution to Malayalam literature.
• In 2013, he received the J C Daniel Award for lifetime achievement in Malayalam cinema and he
was honoured with the inaugural Kerala Jyothi Award, the highest civilian honour from the
Kerala government in 2022.
• He won the National Film Award for Best Screenplay a record four times, for ‘Oru Vadakkan
Veeragatha’ (1989), ‘Kadavu’ (1991), ‘Sadayam’ (1992), and ‘Parinayam’ (1994).

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20. In December 2024, the former President, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of
Suzuki Motor Corporation (SMC), Osamu Suzuki passed away.
When did he receive the Padma Bhushan award, India’s third-highest civilian award, for his
contribution to the country’s economic development through the automobile industry?
1) 2005
2) 2007
3) 2009
4) 2010
5) 2012
Answer- 2) 2007
Explanation:
In December 2024, the former President, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Japan based
Suzuki Motor Corporation (SMC), Osamu Suzuki passed away at the age of 94 in Shizuoka, Japan. He
was born in Gifu, Japan in 1930.
• He played a key role in transforming the Japanese mini-vehicle manufacturer into a globally
competitive company.
• Osamu Suzuki began his career as a loan officer at a local bank. He became the 4th adopted son
to head SMC after marrying Shoko Suzuki, the granddaughter of the company’s founder, Michio
Suzuki.
• He joined SMC in 1958, became its president and CEO in 1978, and in 2000, he was appointed
chairman of the company. He retired in June 2021 and became an adviser to SMC.
• In 2007, Osamu Suzuki was honoured with the ‘Padma Bhushan’, India’s third-highest civilian
award, for his contribution to the country’s economic development through the automobile
industry.
• In 1984, he was also awarded the Sitara-e-Pakistan, Pakistan’s highest civilian honour, by the
Government of Pakistan.’
• He was awarded the “Middle Cross with the Star Order of Merit” for his economic
contribution by Hungary, one of the highest honours given to private citizens in Hungary.
• In 1982, Suzuki partnered with the Government of India (GoI) to create Maruti Udyog
Limited. The partnership changed the market, which had previously been dominated by
outdated cars using old technology.

21. In December 2024, James Earl Carter Jr., Former President of USA and the Nobel Laureate
passed away.
Which of the following points is/are ‘correct’ with respect to James Earl Carter Jr?
A) He served as the 39th President from 1977 to 1981 where he successfully negotiated the
‘Camp David Accords’ in 1978, leading to a peace treaty between Egypt and Israel in Middle
Eastern diplomacy.
B) He received the Indira Gandhi Prize for Peace, Disarmament, and Development in 1996 for
his post-presidential humanitarian work, including efforts in global health, human rights and
conflict resolution.
C) He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2002 for recognizing his decades of work in
advocating for peace, democracy and human rights.
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C

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3) Only B & C
4) Only C
5) All A, B & C
Answer- 2) Only A & C
Explanation:
On December 29 2024, James Earl Carter Jr. (also known as Jimmy Carter), former President of the
United States of America (USA) and the Nobel Laureate passed away at the age of 100 in Georgia, the
USA. He was born on October 1, 1924 in Georgia.
• He received numerous accolades and awards including the ‘Nobel Peace Prize’ and ‘Grammy
Awards’ reflecting his humanitarian efforts on the world stage.
• Jimmy Carter was a prominent American politician, Businessman (a peanut farmer, the US
Navy officer, evangelist, negotiator, author, woodworker and humanitarian.
• He won a state Senate seat in 1962 and began his political career by serving as the 76th
governor of Georgia, the USA from 1971 to 1975.
• He served as the 39th President from 1977 to 1981 where he successfully negotiated the
‘Camp David Accords’ in 1978, leading to a peace treaty between Egypt and Israel in Middle
Eastern diplomacy.
• Indira Gandhi Prize for Peace, Disarmament, and Development (1997): He received the
award for his post-presidential humanitarian work, including efforts in global health, human
rights and conflict resolution.
• Nobel Peace Prize (2002): He was awarded for recognizing his decades of work in advocating
for peace, democracy and human rights.
• Grammy Award (2016) & (2019): He won the awards for his spoken word album, further
demonstrating the breadth of his contributions in his audiobooks beyond politics.

IMPORTANT DAYS
1. When is National Cadet Corps (NCC) raising day observed annually across the globe?
1) First Saturday of November
2) Fourth Sunday of November
3) Third Wednesday of November
4) Last Sunday of November
5) Second Thursday of November
Answer- 2) Fourth Sunday of November
Explanation:
The National Cadet Corps (NCC), the largest uniformed youth organization in the world celebrates its
raising day on the 4th Sunday of November. The day is to honor the contributions of the NCC
towards shaping the youth of the country and recognizing their contributions to national service.
• The 24 November 2024 marks the observance of the 76th NCC Raising Day.
• On 29th September 1946, The Cadet Corps Committee was established with Pt HN Kunzru as
its chairman.
• NCC is a voluntary youth organization in India that aims to develop leadership, discipline, and
patriotism among young people.

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 • It functions under the Ministry of Defence (MoD), and its motto is “Unity and Discipline”
which was adopted on 23 Dec 1957.
• Raksha Mantri’s Padak is the highest NCC award, given by the Defence Minister of India to
NCC personnel for their outstanding performance, commitment to service and leadership.

2. National Constitution Day also known as ‘Samvidhan Divas’, is annually observed across
India on 26th November.
26 November 2024 marks the _______ Anniversary of adopting the Constitution of India.
1) 25th
2) 50th
3) 75th
4) 100th
5) 150th
Answer- 3) 75th
Explanation:
National Constitution Day also known as ‘Samvidhan Divas’, is annually observed across India on
26th November to commemorate the adoption of the Indian Constitution in 1949 by the constituent
Assembly of India. 26 November 2024 marks the 75th Anniversary of adopting the Constitution of
India.
• 26 November 2024 marks the 75th Anniversary of adopting the Constitution of India.
• The theme of this year’s National Constitution Day is “Humara Samvidhan, Humara
Swabhimaan.”
• The first-ever Constitution Day was observed on 26 November 2015.
• A commemorative coin and stamp were released to mark the 75th anniversary of the
adoption of the Constitution of India.
• Two books titled “Making of the Constitution of India: A Glimpse” and “Making of the
Constitution of India & its Glorious Journey” were launched.
• On 24th January 2024, Vice-President Jagdeep Dhankhar launched a campaign “Hamara
Samvidhan, Hamara Samman” at the Dr. B.R. Ambedkar International Centre in New Delhi
(Delhi).

3. Whose birth anniversary is commemorated on National Milk Day, celebrated annually on

26th November in India?
1) Gurdev Khush
2) Dr. M S Swaminathan
3) Durgesh Patel
4) Dr Verghese Kurien
5) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Answer- 4) Dr Verghese Kurien
Explanation:
National Milk Day is annually observed across India on 26th November to commemorate the birth
anniversary of Dr Verghese Kurien, “Father of the White Revolution in India”.
• The annual observance is led by the Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying, under the
Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying(MoFAH&D).

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 • 26th November 2024 marks the observance of the 11th National Milk Day and 103rd Birth
anniversary of Verghese Kurien, fondly known as “Milkman of India”.
• National Milk Day was jointly initiated by the Indian Dairy Association (IDA), National Dairy
Development Board (NDDB) and 22 other State-Level Milk Federations in 2014.
• The first ever National Milk Day was observed on 26th November 2014.
• Verghese Kurienwas born on 26th November 1921 in Calicut (now Kozhikode), Kerala and
passed away on 9th September 2012 in Nadiad, Gujarat.
• Union Minister Rajiv Ranjan Singh conferred the National Gopal Ratna Awards, one of the
highest National Awards in the livestock and dairy sector.
• Union Minister Rajiv Ranjan Singh, MoFAH&D stated that the milk production has increased to
around 239 MT in 2023-24 on the back of improvement in productivity.

4. When is United Nations (UN’s) World Sustainable Transport Day (WSTD) observed annually?
1) November 24
2) September 30
3) November 26
4) October 26
5) August 22
Answer- 3) November 26
Explanation:
The United Nations (UN’s) World Sustainable Transport Day (WSTD) was observed on 26
November to highlight the importance of safe, affordable, accessible, and sustainable transport for
economic growth, better well-being, and enhanced international cooperation and trade.
• The annual observance was established to address the impact of transport on climate change
and the global inequality in transportation options.
• The first World Sustainable Transport Day (WSTD) was observed on 26th November 2023.
• Sustainable transport, aiming for universal access, improved safety, reduced environmental
and climate impact, increased resilience, and greater efficiency, is key to achieving sustainable
development.
• It plays a key role in advancing other important goals, like ending poverty, reducing inequality,
empowering women, and fighting climate change.

5. When is Aviation Safety Awareness Week (ASAW) observed annually across India?
1) 23th to 27th September
2) 27th to 31th October
3) 14th to 19th November
4) 25th to 29th November
5) 1st to 5th December
Answer- 4) 25th to 29th November
Explanation:
The Airport Authority of India (AAI), Miniratna Public Sector Undertaking (PSU) observes Aviation
Safety Awareness Week (ASAW) at all airports and Air Navigation Services (ANS) locations managed
by AAI across India to raise awareness of Aviation Safety.
• Aviation Safety Awareness Week 2024 was held from 25th to 29th November 2024.

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 • Chairman of AAI Vipin Kumar inaugurated the event and emphasized AAI’s dedication to
aviation safety, in line with the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Global Aviation
Safety Plan, through Safety Awareness Week.
• The Safety Awareness Week started with a presentation by Captain Hemant Kumar, Vice
President & Chief of Flight Safety at Indigo Airlines.
• AAI manages 137 airports, including 24 international airports, 10 customs airports, 80
domestic airports, and 23 domestic civil enclaves at defence airfields.
• India’s civil aviation started in 1911. The first commercial flight in India was operated by a
pilot named Henri Pequet from Allahabad to Naini, covering a distance of 10 miles.

6. When was the International Day of Solidarity with the Palestinian People annually observed
across the globe?
1) 18 November
2) 29 November
3) 3 December
4) 10 October
5) 1 December
Answer- 2) 29 November
Explanation:
The United Nations (UN’s) International Day of Solidarity with the Palestinian People is annually
observed across the globe on 29th November to provide a platform for the global community to
reaffirm its commitment to the Palestinian people’s dignity, rights, justice, and their right to self-
determination.
• The first-ever International Day of Solidarity with the Palestinian People was observed on
29th November 1978.
• 29 November marks the day in 1947 when the UNGA adopted resolution A/RES/181 (II), also
known as the Partition Resolution.
• The resolution on the International Day of Solidarity with the Palestinian People also urges
Member States to actively support and promote the observance of the Day of Solidarity.
• The exhibit titled “Gaza, Palestine: A Crisis of Our Humanity,” organized by the Committee
and the Permanent Observer Mission of the State of Palestine to the United Nations,
inaugurated on November 26, 2024 in the Visitors’ Lobby of the General Assembly Building
(New York, USA).
• The exhibit was displayed from 26th November 2024 to 5th January 2025.

7. When is the United Nations (UN’s) Day of Remembrance for All Victims of Chemical Warfare
annually observed across the globe?
1) December 1
2) November 30
3) November 28
4) October 26
5) September 23
Answer- 2) November 30

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Explanation:
The United Nations (UN’s) Day of Remembrance for All Victims of Chemical Warfare is annually
observed across the globe on 30th November to honor and remember victims who lost their lives or
endured suffering due to chemical warfare.
• The day reaffirms the dedication of the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
(OPCW) to eradicating the threat of chemical weapons and advancing the principles of peace,
security, and international cooperation.
• The first-ever Day of Remembrance for all Victims of Chemical Welfare was observed on 30th
November 2016.
• The Twenty-Ninth Session of the Conference of the States Parties to the CWC (CSP-29) was
held in The Hague, Netherlands, on 25 November 2024.
• OPCW-The Hague Award – OPCW-The Hague Award 2024 ceremony was held and it honored
two recipients this year: Indian Chemical Council (ICC) and Algeria’s National Institute of
Criminalistics and Criminology of the National Gendarmerie (NICC/NG).

8. Which of the following points is/are correct with respect to the World Acquired Immune
Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Day?
A) United Nations (UN’s) World Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Day is annually
observed across the globe on 1st December.
B) The theme of World AIDS Day 2024 is “Take the Rights Path: My Health, My Right!”
C) The ‘Mission Sampark’ initiative was launched in 2019 to reconnect and support People
Living with HIV (PLHIV) who had stopped their treatment.
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C
3) Only B & C
4) Only C
5) All A, B & C
Answer- 1) Only A & B
Explanation:
The United Nations (UN’s) World Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Day is annually
observed across the globe on 1st December to raise awareness about Human Immunodeficiency
Viruses (HIV)/ AIDS and foster unity in the fight against the pandemic.
• The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) spearheaded the World
AIDS Day campaigns from its establishment until 2004.
• The theme of World AIDS Day 2024 is “Take the Rights Path: My Health, My Right!”
• A red ribbon symbolizes support and solidarity with individuals living with HIV and serves as a
tribute to those who have lost their lives to AIDS-related illnesses.
• The first-ever World AIDS Day was observed on 1st December 1988.
• “Sankalak,” the evidence-driven flagship report of the National AIDS and Sexually Transmitted
Diseases (STD) Control Programme, provides a detailed overview of the status and progress of
the National AIDS and STD response for the year 2023-2024.
• The ‘Mission Sampark’ initiative was launched in 2017 to reconnect and support People
Living with HIV (PLHIV) who had stopped their treatment.

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9. Which police force celebrates its Raising Day on 1st December to mark the establishment of
the organisation?
1) National Security Guard
2) Border Security Force
3) National Cadet Corps
4) Central Reserve Police Force
5) Indo Tibetan Border Police
Answer- 2) Border Security Force
Explanation:
The Border Security Force (BSF) of India annually celebrates the “BSF Raising Day” on 1st
December to mark the establishment of BSF, a primary border guarding organisation of India that
came into existence on 1st December 1965.
• 1st December 2024 marks the observance of the 60th Raising Day of BSF.
• BSF, also known as the First Line of Defence of Indian Territories, is a paramilitary force
charged with guarding India’s land borders with Pakistan and Bangladesh during peacetime
and preventing transnational crime.
• BSF was initially raised with 25 battalions in 1965 and played a key role during the Indo-
Pakistan War in 1971.
• It is one of the 7 Central Armed Police Forces (CSPFs) of the Union of India working under the
administrative control of the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA).
• It is the world’s largest border security force, with a sanctioned strength of over 2.6 lakh
personnel spread across 192 battalions securing the 6,386.36 km long International Borders
with Pakistan and Bangladesh.
• BSF presently has 186 battalions including 3 National Disaster Response Force (NDRF)
battalions, 5 major training institutions,11 subsidiary training centres and 3 minor training
institutions.

10. When is United Nations (UN’s) International Day for the Abolition of Slavery annually
observed across the globe?
1) December 5
2) December 2
3) November 29
4) November 23
5) October 25
Answer- 2) December 2
Explanation:
The United Nations (UN’s) International Day for the Abolition of Slavery was annually observed
across the globe on 2nd December to about eradicating modern slavery, such as human trafficking,
sexual exploitation, severe child labour, forced marriages, and the recruitment of children for armed
conflicts.
• On December 2, the UN General Assembly will mark the 75th anniversary of the Convention
for the Suppression of Traffic in Persons and observe the International Day of Abolition of
Slavery 2024.
• Modern slavery is a broad term encompassing practices like forced labour, debt bondage,
forced marriage, and human trafficking.

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 • Over 52% of forced labour cases and 25% of forced marriages are reported in upper-middle-
income or high-income nations.
• According to The Global Slavery Index 2023, An estimated 50 million people were living in
modern slavery on any given day in 2021, an increase of 10 million people since 2016.
• The International Labour Organisation (ILO) reported, 27.6 million people globally were
subjected to forced labor, an increase of 2.7 million since 2016, primarily driven by forced
labor imposed by private entities.
• The Protocol defines human trafficking as the act of recruiting, moving, or holding people using
threats, force, or trickery, with the aim of exploiting them. Click here to read more.

11. National Pollution Control Day or National Pollution Prevention Day is annually observed
across India on 2 December in the memory of those who lost their lives in the disastrous
Bhopal Gas Tragedy.
In which year the tragic Bhopal Gas Tragedy occurred?
1) 1963
2) 1956
3) 1972
4) 1984
5) 1996
Answer- 4) 1984
Explanation:
National Pollution Control Day or National Pollution Prevention Day is annually observed across India
on 2 December in the memory of those who lost their lives in the disastrous 1984 Bhopal Gas
Tragedy.
• 2 December 2024 marks the 40th Anniversary of the Bhopal Gas Tragedy.
• The Day also aims to raise awareness of the management and control of industrial hazards and
avoid pollution caused by industrial processes or human negligence.
• The theme for 2024 is ‘Clean Air, Green Earth: A Step Towards Sustainable Living.’
• Bhopal Gas Tragedy was India’s first major industrial disaster that took place on the
intervening night of December 2 and 3 1984 in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh (MP). It is
considered as one of the biggest industrial pollution disasters.
• The Indian government has introduced several policies and laws to tackle pollution and protect
the environment. Click here to read more.

12. Which of the following points is/are correct with respect to the International Day of
Persons with Disabilities (IDPwD)?
A) United Nations (UN’s) International Day of Persons with Disabilities (IDPwD) was annually
observed across the globe on 5th December.
B) On the occasion of IDPD 2024, the President of India, Droupadi Murmu, honoured 33
outstanding individuals and institutions with the National Awards for the Empowerment of
Persons with Disabilities (Divyangjan) in New Delhi.
C) The Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities (DEPwD), under the Ministry
of Social Justice and Empowerment (MoSJE), celebrated the IDPwD 2024 by launching 16
initiatives to empower Divyangjans across India.
1) Only A & B

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2) Only A & C
3) Only B & C
4) Only C
5) All A, B & C
Answer- 3) Only B & C
Explanation:
The United Nations (UN’s) International Day of Persons with Disabilities (IDPwD) was annually
observed across the globe on 3rd December to raise awareness about the rights and well-being of
persons with disabilities in political, social, economic, and cultural spheres.
• The theme of IDPwD 2024 is “Amplifying the leadership of persons with disabilities for an
inclusive and sustainable future”.
• The International Day of Disabled Persons was first observed on 3rd December 1992.
• Marking the occasion of IDPD 2024, the President of India, Droupadi Murmu, honoured 33
outstanding individuals and institutions with the National Awards for the Empowerment of
Persons with Disabilities (Divyangjan) in New Delhi.
• The Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities (DEPwD), under the Ministry of
Social Justice and Empowerment (MoSJE), celebrated the IDPwD 2024 by launching 16
innovative initiatives to empower Divyangjans across India.
• Sugamya Bharat Abhiyan, an online platform introduced to a list of accessibility auditors for
buildings, showing the government’s dedication to building inclusive infrastructure.
• Sugamya Bharat Yatra, a special project in collaboration with the Association for Persons
with Disabilities, where people with disabilities will evaluate the accessibility of public spaces
using the AI-powered “Yes to Access” app.
• An important partnership with Infosys BPM was established to improve job opportunities for
Divyangjans through the Divyangjan Rozgar Setu initiative on the Pradhan Mantri Dakshta Aur
Kushalta Sampann Hitgrahi Yojana (PM DAKSH) portal. Click here to read more.

13. When is the United Nations (UN)’s International Day of Banks annually observed across the
globe?
1) August 9
2) September 16
3) October 26
4) December 4
5) November 30
Answer- 4) December 4
Explanation:
The United Nations (UN)’s International Day of Banks is annually observed across the globe on
December 4 to recognize the crucial role of banking systems in enhancing living standards and fostering
sustainable development across member nations.
• The first ever International Day of Banks was observed on 4th December 2020.
• The Addis Ababa Action Agenda (AAAA) is a comprehensive global framework aimed at financing
sustainable development.
• The UN Principles for Responsible Banking (PRB), introduced in 2019, work in partnership with
the banking community to drive a positive global transformation for the benefit of people and the
planet.

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 • The economic growth and development of India have been significantly influenced by banks,
particularly when the Government of India (GoI) nationalized around 20 major private banks
between 1969 and 1991, in two phases—1969 and 1980—and introduced priority sector lending
(PSL) in 1972.
• Since 2014, the banking sector has embraced the Jan-Dhan, Aadhaar, and Mobile (JAM) trinity,
granted licenses to Payment Banks and Small Finance Banks (SFBs), and introduced digital
payment systems.

14. World Computer Literacy Day (WCLD) was observed across the globe on 2nd December.
To celebrate which organisation’s 20th anniversary, WCLD was established?
1) Centre for Materials for Electronics Technology
2) Education & Research in Computer Networking
3) National Institute of Information Technology
4) Indian Institute of Mass Communication
5) Centre for Development of Advanced Computing
Answer- 3) National Institute of Information Technology
Explanation:
The World Computer Literacy Day (WCLD) was observed across the globe on 2nd December to raise
awareness about the importance of digital skills and computer literacy in the modern technological world,
especially for women and children.
• The day promotes worldwide access to Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and
seeks to enhance digital skills within different communities.
• WCLD was established to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the National Institute of Information
Technology (NIIT) on 2nd December 2001, to bridge the global digital divide.
• The first-ever WCLD was observed on 2nd December 2001.
• The Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) has launched a Digital Literacy
Scheme to make six crore people in rural areas digitally literate. The goal is to reach about 40% of
rural households by teaching one person from each eligible household. Click here to read more.

15. Indian Navy Day is annually observed across India on December 4th.
Name the Indian Navy’s offensive operation conducted during the Indo-Pakistan War in 1971
which is commemorated on Indian Navy Day.
1) Operation Vijay
2) Operation Trident
3) Operation Shivalik
4) Operation Meghdoot
5) Operation Shakti
Answer- 2) Operation Trident
Explanation:
Indian Navy Day is annually observed across India on December 4th to recognise the role and
achievements of the Indian Navy in ensuring the safety of the nation.
• The day also commemorates Operation Trident, Indian Navy’s offensive operation conducted
during the Indo-Pakistan war in 1971.
• The theme for 2024 is “Strength and Power through Innovation and Indigenization”.
• Navy Day was first celebrated on October 21, 1944.

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 • During the 1971 Indo-Pakistan War, the Indian Navy launched a counter-attack on Karachi
Harbour.
• This operation marked the first use of anti-ship missiles by India, resulting in the destruction of
the Pakistani destroyer, PNS Khaibar.
• The attack involved three Indian Navy warships: INS Nipat, INS Nirghat, and INS Veer, which
played a key role in the operation.
• The operation earned several gallantry awards, including the Maha Vir Chakra, India’s
second-highest gallantry award for the operation’s commandant, Commander (and later
Commodore) BB Yadav.
• The Indian Navy is led by the President of India, who serves as its Supreme Commander.
• The motto is “Sam no Varunah” (शं नो वरूण‌:) meaning that the God of water, Varuna, should
bless and protect us. Click here to read more.

16. International Volunteer Day for Economic and Social Development commonly known as
International Volunteer Day (IVD) is annually observed across the globe on 5th December.
Which organisation hosted the UN Volunteers Program 2024?
1) United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
2) United Nations Environment Programme
3) United Nations General Assembly
4) United Nations Development Programme
5) United Nations Alliance of Civilizations
Answer- 4) United Nations Development Programme
Explanation:
United Nations (UN)’s International Volunteer Day for Economic and Social Development commonly
known as International Volunteer Day (IVD) is annually observed across the globe on 5th December.
• It aims to promote volunteerism, encourage governments to support volunteer efforts and
recognize their contributions to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
• The first ever International Volunteer Day for Economic and Social Development was
observed on 5th December 1985.
• UN Volunteers programme 2024 hosted by the United Nations Development Programme
(UNDP) achieved more than 13,000 on-site UN volunteers with over 70 UN entities and
missions.
• State of the World’s Volunteerism Report (SWVR) is a flagship UN publication that strengthens
understanding of volunteerism for peace and development. Click here to read more.

17. When is World Soil Day (WSD) observed annually across the globe?
1) December 5
2) November 5
3) September 29
4) March 22
5) June 5
Answer- 1) December 5

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Explanation:
The United Nations (UN’s) World Soil Day (WSD) is observed annually across the globe on 5th
December to raise awareness about the critical importance of healthy soil and promote the
sustainable management of soil resources.
• The theme of WSD 2024 is “Caring for soils: measure, monitor, manage”.
• The first ever WSD was observed on 5th December 2014.
• The 2024 King Bhumibol World Soil Day Award was presented by the Food and Agricultural
Organization of the United Nations (FAO) to the Water and Soil Department of the Ministry
of Agriculture Jahad of the Islamic Republic of Iran.
• The 2024 Glinka Prize was given to the Land Development Department (LDD), Ministry of
Agriculture and Cooperatives of Thailand. Click here to read more.

18. When is the International Civil Aviation Day observed annually across the globe?
1) August 19
2) April 26
3) September 29
4) November 5
5) December 7
Answer- 5) December 7
Explanation:
The United Nations (UN) International Civil Aviation Day is observed annually on December 7
worldwide to raise awareness about international civil aviation and the role of aviation in the social
and economic development of the nation.
• The day also highlights the role of the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO), a UN
Specialised agency in helping countries to cooperate and realize a truly global rapid transit
network at the service of all mankind.
• 7th December 2024 marks the 80th anniversary of the signing of the Convention on
International Civil Aviation in Chicago, United States.
• The theme of International Civil Aviation Day 2024 is “Safe Skies. Sustainable Future:
Together for the next 80 years”.
• International Civil Aviation Day was 1st celebrated in 1994 to commemorate the 50th
anniversary of the Chicago Convention.
• In 1944, the United States of America (USA) invited delegates from 54 nations to Chicago, USA
where they concluded and signed the Convention on International Civil Aviation also called the
‘Chicago Convention’.
• In September 2024, ICAO 1st Advanced Air Mobility Symposium (AAM 2024) was held in
Montréal, Canada.
• From 9 to 12 December 2024 in Muscat, Oman, The ICAO Security Week 2024 will be held by
the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).
• IndiGo was named the 2024 Airline of the Year by the Centre for Aviation (CAPA). Click here to
read more.

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19. Armed Forces Flag Day (AFFD) was annually observed across India on 7th December to
honour the bravery, sacrifice, and dedication of the men and women serving in the Army, Navy,
and Air Force.
7th December 2024 marks the _______ observance of the AFFD.
1) 74th
2) 76th
3) 77th
4) 75th
5) 80th
Answer- 2) 76th
Explanation:
Armed Forces Flag Day (AFFD) was annually observed across India on 7th December to honour the
bravery, sacrifice, and dedication of the men and women serving in the Army, Navy, and Air Force.
• 7th December 2024 marks the 76th observance of the AFFD.
• The first-ever AFFD was observed on 7th December 1949.
• The day represents a united effort by the citizens of India to express gratitude and offer
support to those serving in the armed forces.
• Kendriya Sainik Board (KSB) is the main government body that creates and runs welfare
programs for ex-servicemen (ESM) and their families through Rajya Sainik Boards (RSBs) in
state capitals and Zila Sainik Boards (ZSBs) in districts across India.
• The Defence Minister’s committee created the Armed Forces Flag Day Fund(AFFDF) in 1949. In
1993, the Indian Defense Ministry merged all related welfare funds. Click here to read more.

20. When is the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) Charter Day
annually observed across the globe?
1) December 8
2) November 5
3) October 13
4) September 9
5) August 12
Answer- 1) December 8
Explanation:
The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) Charter Day is annually observed on
8th December to commemorate the signing of the SAARC Charter in 1985 during the inaugural
SAARC Summit held in Dhaka, Bangladesh.
• 8th December 2024 marks the 40th observance of SAARC Charter Day.
• SAARC is a geopolitical and economic organization that includes eight countries: Afghanistan,
Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka.
• SAARC Charter Day was formed when the SAARC Charter was adopted during its first summit
in Dhaka, Bangladesh, on December 7-8, 1985.
• The first-ever SAARC Charter Day was observed on 8th December 1985.
• The SAARC Charter contains 10 articles that outline the organization’s objectives, principles,
structure, meetings, secretariat, and financial arrangements.
• Summits were typically held every two years, hosted by a Member State in alphabetical
order. Click here to read more.

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21. Indian Navy (IN) annually observes the Submarine Day on 8th December to commemorate
the induction of (Indian Navy Ship) INS Kalvari.
8th December 2024 marks the observance of the ________ Submarine Day.
1) 54th
2) 55th
3) 56th
4) 57th
5) 58th
Answer- 4) 57th
Explanation:
Indian Navy(IN) annually observes the Submarine Day on 8th December to commemorate the
induction of (Indian Navy Ship) INS Kalvari, the first submarine of the Indian Navy into service on 8th
December 1967.
• 8th December 2024 marks the observance of the 57th Submarine Day.
• Submarine Day is celebrated to honor the historic induction of the INS Kalvari which was
commissioned on December 8, 1967.
• The Kalvari, a Foxtrot class diesel electric submarine was the first of its kind to join the IN
paving the way for the growth of India’s submarine fleet and was retired in 1996 after 29
years of service.
• On December 8 1967, INS Kalvari was inducted into the IN at Visakhapatnam, following a
journey from St. Petersburg, Russia to India.
• As of April 2024, India operates 18 conventional submarines including Scorpene (French),
Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft(HDWs)(Germany) and Kilo-class (Russian) vessels.
• The IN continues to modernize its submarine fleet, with advancements such as the nuclear-
powered submarines like the INS Arighaat.

22. Which organisation observe the International Day of Commemoration and Dignity of the
Victims of the Crime of Genocide and of the Prevention of this Crime annually across the globe
on 9th December?
1) United Nations
2) United Nations Human Rights Council
3) National Crime Records Bureau
4) United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute
5) United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
Answer- 1) United Nations
Explanation:
The United Nations (UNs) International Day of Commemoration and Dignity of the Victims of the
Crime of Genocide and of the Prevention of this Crime is annually observed across the globe on
9th December to mark the adoption of the “Genocide Convention” which focuses on the Prevention
and punishment of Genocide, and to honour the victims of Genocide.
• 9th December 2024 marks the 76th anniversary of the “Genocide Convention”, the first
human rights treaty adopted by the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA).
• On 9th December 1948, the Genocide Convention was adopted by the UNGA by its resolution
260 A (III).
• The first observance of the day was on 9th December 2015.

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 • The term “Genocide” was coined by Polish-Jewish lawyer Raphael Lemkin to describe efforts
in the early 20th century to wipe out entire nations and ethnic groups, including during the
Holocaust. Click here to read more.

23. When was International Anti-Corruption Day (IACD) annually observed across the globe?
1) December 12
2) December 9
3) November 19
4) October 9
5) September 22
Answer- 2) December 9
Explanation:
The United Nations (UN)’s International Anti-Corruption Day (IACD) is annually observed across the
globe on 9th December to spread awareness about the negative impacts of corruption and the role of
the UN Convention on combating and preventing corruption.
• The day highlights the role of everyone including, Individuals, non-governmental organizations
(NGO), law enforcement and media persons in tackling the issues of corruption.
• The theme of IACD 2024 is “Uniting with Youth Against Corruption: Shaping Tomorrow’s
Integrity”.
• The UNGA also designated 9 December as IACD, to raise awareness of corruption and of the
role of the Convention in combating and preventing it.
• The slogan “Your NO Counts” emphasizes individual responsibility in fighting corruption.
• In 2023, India ranked 93 out of 180 countries on the Global Corruption Perception Index,
emphasizing the urgent need for stronger policies and improved accountability to combat
corruption.
• The Conference of the States Parties to the United Nations Convention against Corruption
(CoSP11) will be held from December 14 to 19, 2025 in Doha, Qatar. Click here to read more.

24. Which of the following points is/are ‘correct’ with respect to the Human Rights Day (HRD)?
A) The United Nations (UN)’s Human Rights Day (HRD), also known as International or World
Human Rights Day, is annually observed on 10th December.
B) The Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation (DDWS), Ministry of Jal Shakti (MoJS),
organized the three-week “Hamara Shauchalay: Hamara Samman” (HSHS) campaign from
November 19 to December 10.
C) DDWS in collaboration with My Government (MyGov), organized a Toilet Photography
Contest to celebrate HSHS, raising awareness about Open Defecation Free (ODF) sustainability
and the goals of ‘Sampoorna Swachhata’.
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C
3) Only B & C
4) Only C
5) All A, B & C
Answer- 5) All A, B & C

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Explanation:
The United Nations (UN)’s Human Rights Day (HRD), also known as International or World
Human Rights Day, is annually observed on 10th December worldwide to raise awareness about
human rights, transcending distinctions of race, colour, religion, gender, origin, or status.
• The day commemorates the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) in
1948.
• 2024 celebrates the 76th anniversary of the UDHR, alongside the 31st anniversary of the UN
Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR).
• The theme of HRD 2024 is “Our Rights, Our Future, Right Now”
• The first-ever HRD was observed on 10th December 1950.
• The Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation (DDWS), Ministry of Jal Shakti (MoJS),
organized the three-week “Hamara Shauchalay: Hamara Samman” (HSHS) campaign,
launched on World Toilet Day (November 19) and ending on December 10.
• DDWS in collaboration with My Government (MyGov), organized a Toilet Photography Contest
to celebrate HSHS, raising awareness about Open Defecation Free (ODF) sustainability and the
goals of ‘Sampoorna Swachhata’. Click here to read more.

25. When is United Nations (UN’s) International Mountain Day (IMD) annually observed?
1) August 26
2) September 18
3) October 22
4) December 11
5) November 10
Answer- 4) December 11
Explanation:
The United Nations (UN’s) International Mountain Day (IMD) is annually observed on
11th December worldwide to raise awareness about the importance of mountains to life and
highlight the importance of mountain development.
• The Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO) coordinates the annual celebration of the Day to
foster greater awareness of mountain issues.
• The theme of IMD 2024 is “Mountain solutions for a sustainable future – innovation,
adaptation, and youth”.
• The first observance of this day took place on December 11, 2003.
• Mountains are important sources of water, energy, biological diversity, and other essential
resources.
• The Mountain Partnership is a global initiative established to promote sustainable
development in mountain regions. It was launched in 2002 by the United Nations Food and
Agriculture Organization (FAO). It is headquartered in Rome, Italy.
• World’s Top 3 Highest Mountains:
1. Mount Everest (8,849 meters(m)), located between the Nepal and China border.
2. K2 (8611 m), located between Pakistan and China border
3. Kangchenjunga (8586 m), located between Nepal and India border
• The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reports that up to 84% of endemic
mountain species are threatened with extinction. Click here to read more.

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26. The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) Day is observed annually on December 11th
to mark the creation of UNICEF.
11 December 2024 marks the _______ anniversary of the foundation of UNICEF.
1) 73rd
2) 74th
3) 75th
4) 76th
5) 77th
Answer- 5) 77th
Explanation:
The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) Day is observed annually on December 11th to mark
the creation of UNICEF by the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) and Ludwik Rajchman on
11th December 1946.
• 11 December 2024 marks the 77th anniversary of the foundation of UNICEF.
• The theme of UNICEF Day 2024 is “Listen to the Future”, it highlights the importance of
listening to children’s voices to create a brighter tomorrow.
• UNICEF, formerly known as the United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund, was
created by resolution 57(I) of the UNGA on 11 December 1946.
• UNICEF’s exceptional contributions to children’s welfare were recognized and was awarded
the Nobel Peace Prize on October 26 1965.
• On December 11, 2024, the UNESCO released the report “The Right Start in Life: Global
levels and trends in birth registration, 2024”.
• India, Nepal, and Bangladesh have made significant strides in securing legal identities for
millions of children. Click here to read more.

27. When is the United Nations (UN)’s International Day of Neutrality (IDN) annually observed
across the globe?
1) August 15
2) September 12
3) October 26
4) November 15
5) December 12
Answer- 5) December 12
Explanation:
The United Nations (UN)’s International Day of Neutrality (IDN) is annually observed across the
globe on 12th December to raise awareness about the value of neutrality in relations between
countries and to promote global peace and security.
• Article 2 of the UN Charter requires member states to resolve international conflicts
peacefully and avoid threatening or using force.
• The first-ever IDN was observed on 12th December 2017.
• Neutrality is the legal status that occurs when a state chooses not to take part in any war
between other countries. Staying neutral and unbiased towards the warring parties, with both
sides recognizing this neutrality, is essential for the United Nations to earn and maintain trust.

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 • Article 99 of the United Nations Charter laid the groundwork for preventive diplomacy by
allowing the Secretary-General to warn the Security Council about threats to peace and
security.
• The Department of Political Affairs (DPA) was created in 1992 to support these efforts, and in
2019, it teamed up with the Peacebuilding Support Office (PBSO) to form the new Department
of Political and Peacebuilding Affairs (DPPA). Click here to read more.

28. United Nations (UN) International Universal Health Coverage (UHC) Day is annually
observed worldwide on 12 December.
What is the theme of International UHC Day 2024?
1) Health for All: Time for Action
2) Health for all: protect everyone
3) Health: It’s on the government
4) Keep the Promise
5) Build the world we want: A healthy future for all
Answer- 3) Health: It’s on the government
Explanation:
The United Nations (UN) International Universal Health Coverage (UHC) Day is annually observed
worldwide on 12 December to raise awareness of the need for strong and resilient health systems
and universal health coverage.
• The International UHC 2024 theme is “Health: It’s on the government”.
• The first-ever International UHC Day was observed on 12th December 2018.
• The objective of the observance of UHC day is to achieve UHC by 2030, through collaborative
efforts across sectors, involving government, the private sector, non-governmental
organizations (NGOs), and civil society.
• The Global Health Expenditure Report 2024, released on December 12, highlights
stagnation in health coverage since 2015 and an increase in burdensome personal health care
costs, challenging UHC goals for 2030.
• Ayushman Bharat, a flagship initiative of the Government of India, was launched on 23rd
September 2018, following the recommendations of the National Health Policy 2017. The
scheme aims to achieve the vision of UHC in the country.
• It is the world’s largest health insurance scheme, designed to provide a health cover of Rs.5
lakhs per family per year for secondary and tertiary care hospitalization, benefiting over
10.74 crore poor and vulnerable families. Click here to read more.

29. Which date will be celebrated annually as 'Pravasi Rajasthani Divas' to honor the
contributions of the global Rajasthani community?
1) December 14
2) December 10
3) December 5
4) December 11
5) December 16
Answer- 2) December 10

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Explanation:
In December 2024, Chief Minister (CM) of Rajasthan, Bhajanlal Sharma announced that ‘Pravasi
Rajasthani Divas’ will be celebrated every year on December 10 to honor the contributions of the
global Rajasthani community.
• It was announced at the ‘Pravasi Rajasthani’ conclave held as part of the Rising Rajasthan
Global Investment Summit (RRGIS) which was held in Jaipur, Rajasthan from December 9 to
December 11, 2024.
• He announced that the state government has decided to confer the ‘Pravasi Rajasthani
Samman’ to outstanding Rajasthanis living abroad.
• He also announced the formation of a separate department to look after the welfare of
migrants and address their issues.

30. National Energy Conservation Day (NECD) is annually observed across India on 14th
December.
Which organisation is promoting the NECD under the Ministry of Power (MoP)?
1) NTPC Limited
2) NHPC Limited
3) Bureau of Energy Efficiency
4) Rural Electrification Corporation Limited
5) Power Grid Corporation of India Limited
Answer- 3) Bureau of Energy Efficiency
Explanation:
National Energy Conservation Day (NECD) is annually observed across India on 14th December to
raise awareness about the importance of saving energy and encourage individuals, industries, and
institutions to adopt efficient and sustainable energy practices for a better future.
• NECD is promoted by the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) under the Ministry of Power
(MoP).
• The first-ever NECD was observed on 14th December 1991.
• Energy conservation involves minimising unnecessary energy use by reducing energy services.
• BEE under MoP will observe National Energy Conservation Week from 14 to 20 December
2024 across India.
• NECA and Innovation Awards comprising 23 first prizes, 19 second prizes, 25 certificates of
merit, and 4 certificates of recognition for innovation.
• NECA Category: Industry, Transport, Buildings, Institution and Appliance of the year.
• Innovation Awards for Professional Category: Industry, Transport and Building
• Maharashtra has secured the first prize in Group 1 of the State Performance Award under
NECA 2024, while Karnataka has won the second prize.
• Dalmia Cement Bharat Ltd. from Odisha won first prize in Cement sector under Industry
Category.
• Lulu International Shopping Malls Pvt Ltd., from Kerala won first prize in the Shopping
Malls & Plazas sector under Building Category. Click here to read more.

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31. When is the Vijay Diwas, or Victory Day (Bijoy Dibos) annually observed across India and
Bangladesh?
1) August 29
2) September 23
3) October 14
4) November 15
5) December 16
Answer- 5) December 16
Explanation:
Vijay Diwas, or Victory Day (Bijoy Dibos), is annually observed across India and Bangladesh on 16
December to celebrate the historic victory of Indian armed forces against Pakistan in the 1971 Indo-
Pak war (India Pakistan War of 1971).
• The day also pays tributes to the martyrs of both India and Bangladesh, who lost their lives on
the line during the war.
• The day commemorates the formal surrender of the Pakistani Armed Forces to the joint Indian
and Mukti Bahini (Bangladesh liberation forces) in Dhaka (Bangladesh) during the
Bangladesh Liberation War in 1971.
• 16 December 2024 marks the celebration of the 53rd Vijay Diwas.
• The Indo-Pak War 1971 was a 13-day military conflict between India and Pakistan that took
place from December 3 to 16 in 1971.
• The conflict ended with the signing of the Instrument of Surrender by the Eastern Command of
the Pakistan military on December 16, 1971, in Dhaka, Bangladesh.
• On December 16 2024, Union Defence Minister Rajnath Singh, along with Chief of Defence
Staff (CDS) General Anil Chauhan, Chief of Army Staff (COAS) General Manoj Pande, Navy Chief
Admiral Dinesh K Tripathi and Indian Air Force(IAF) Air Chief Marshal AP Singh paid homage
at the National War Memorial on the occasion of Vijay Diwas in New Delhi (Delhi). Click here to
read more.

32.When is the International Day to End Violence Against Sex Workers observed annually?
1) December 17
2) October 20
3) September 15
4) August 12
5) November 18
Answer: 1) December 17
Explanation:
International Day to End Violence Against Sex Workers is observed annually on December 17th aims
to raise awareness about the widespread violence, discrimination and abuse faced by sex workers
worldwide and promote equality, safety and respect for their human rights.
i.The 21st International Day to End Violence Against Sex Workers serves as a reminder to advocate
for the rights of sex workers and remember those who have lost their lives due to violence.
ii.The global observance of International Day to End Violence Against Sex Workers was organized by
the Global Network of Sex Work Projects (NSWP). Click here to read more

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33. Which of the following is/are correct with respect to the United Nations (UN)’s
International Migrants Day?
A) The United Nations (UN)’s International Migrants Day is annually observed across the globe
on 19th December focusing on the significant contributions migrants make to societies
worldwide.
B) The 12th edition of IOM’s flagship report ‘World Migration Report 2024’ released in May
2024 to increase understanding of global migration.
C) Global remittances grew from USD 128 billion in 2000 to USD 731 billion in 2022.
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C
3) Only B & C
4) Only B
5) All A, B & C
Answer- 4) Only B
Explanation:
The United Nations (UN)’s International Migrants Day is annually observed across the globe on
18th December focusing on the significant contributions migrants make to societies worldwide. It
highlights the challenges they face in achieving their full potential and emphasizes the importance of
ensuring their rights.
• 18th December 2024 marks the observance of 24th International Migrants Day.
• The theme of International Migrants Day 2024 is “Honouring the Contributions of Migrants
and Respecting Their Rights”.
• The first ever International Migrants Day was observed on 18th December 2000.
• The 12th edition of IOM’s flagship report ‘World Migration Report 2024’ released in May 2024
to increase understanding of global migration.
• The report was published by the IOM focuses on migration trends, statistics, and emerging
migration issues.
• Around 281 million international migrants were recorded globally in 2020, making up 3.6% of
the global population.
• Global remittances grew from USD 128 billion in 2000 to USD 831 billion in 2022.
• The World Migration Report 2024 notes a 650% increase in international remittances
between 2000 and 2022, emphasizing their growing importance in global financial flows. Click
here to read more.

34. When is the United Nations (UN)’s Arabic Language Day annually observed across the
globe?
1) December 18
2) July 7
3) June 6
4) March 20
5) April 23
Answer- 1) December 18
Explanation:
The United Nations (UN) observes Arabic Language Day on December 18th each year, celebrating
the adoption of Arabic as one of the six official languages of the UN in 1973. This observance

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celebrates multilingualism and promotes equitable use of all six official languages of the United
Nations.
• Arabic is one of the most widely spoken languages in the world, used daily by more than 400
million people.
• The 2024 celebration marks the 51st anniversary of Arabic’s official recognition at the UN.
• Theme of 2024 – “Arabic Language and Artificial Intelligence (AI): Advancing Innovation
while Preserving Cultural Heritage.”
• It aims to recognize Arabic’s contribution to enriching science, philosophy, literature, art, and
global culture.
• It also aims to promote the equal use of all six official languages including Arab,Chinese,
English, French, Russian, and Spanish while celebrating multilingualism and cultural
diversity.
• Chinese Language Day (20 April); English Language Day (23 April); Spanish Language Day(23
April); French Language Day (20 March); Russian Language Day (6 June); Spanish Language
Day (23 April).
• The 1st Arabic Language Day was observed on December 18, 2012.
• The Arabic alphabet or the Arabic abjad, is the Arabic script as specifically codified for writing
the Arabic language. It is written from right-to-left in a cursive style, and includes 28 letters
• The Arabic script is the second-most widely used alphabetic writing system globally, after
the Latin script. It is also the second-most used writing system by the number of countries and
the third-most by the number of users, following Latin and Chinese scripts. Click here to
read more.

35. National Minority Rights Day also known as Minorities Day is annually observed across
India on 18th December.
The day marks the observance of the _______ Minority Rights Day.
1) 8th
2) 12th
3) 14th
4) 19th
5) 24th
Answer- 2) 12th
Explanation:
National Minority Rights Day, also known as Minorities Day, is annually observed across India on
18th December to create awareness about the constitutionally assured rights of religious minorities.
The day aims to highlight the importance of freedom and equal opportunities for minorities in India
while raising awareness about their rights.
• The theme for Minorities Rights Day 2024 is “Promoting Diversity and Protecting Rights”.
• 18th December 2024 marks the observance of the 12th Minority Rights Day.
• In India, National Minorities Rights Day was first observed on 18th December 2013.
• A minority group is defined as a community that lacks social, political, and economic
dominance and is numerically inferior within a country.
• Under Section 2 (c) of the National Commission for Minorities (NCM) Act, 1992, the Muslims,
Sikhs, Christians, Buddhists, Jain and Zoroastrians (Parsis) have been notified as minority
communities.

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 • Union Minister of State(MoS), George Kurian emphasized the need for effective execution of
government schemes, aligning with the Prime Minister’s “Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas, Sabka
Vishwas (together with all, development for all, trust of all, and efforts by all).”
• The National Minorities Development & Finance Corporation (NMDFC) was incorporated in
1994 under Section 25 of the Companies Act 1956 (now Section-8 of Companies Act,2013).
Concessional loans to minorities through NMDFC. Click here to read more.

36. When is the United Nations (UN)’s International Human Solidarity Day annually observed
across the globe?
1) December 22
2) December 21
3) December 19
4) December 17
5) December 20
Answer- 5) December 20
Explanation:
The United Nations (UN)’s International Human Solidarity Day is annually observed across the
globe on 20th December to raise public awareness of the importance of solidarity in addressing
global challenges such as poverty, inequality, and injustice.
• International Solidarity Day reminds governments and non-state actors, including businesses,
to uphold their commitments to international agreements and human rights.
• Solidarity refers to unity or mutual support within a group or among individuals, especially in
times of difficulty or challenge and collective action to promote human rights and social justice
worldwide.
• The first-ever International Human Solidarity Day was observed on 20 December 2006.
• UN Women marks International Human Solidarity Day with a message on gender equality.
“HeForShe” is the United Nations’ global solidarity movement for gender equality.
• The HeForShe movement, launched by UN Women in 2014, is a global solidarity campaign
aimed at engaging men and boys in the fight for gender equality.
• The Independent Expert (IE) on Human Rights and International Solidarity (HRIS) is an
individual appointed by the United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC) to address and
promote human rights and international solidarity. Click here to read more.

37. The United Nations (UN) observed the first ever ‘World Meditation Day’ on 21st December
2024.
Which country introduced the resolution adopted by the United Nations General Assembly
(UNGA) to observe December 21 as ‘World Meditation Day’?
1) Netherlands
2) Switzerland
3) Liechtenstein
4) Denmark
5) Austria
Answer- 3) Liechtenstein

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Explanation:
The United Nations(UN) observed the first ever ‘World Meditation Day’ on December 21 2024 to
emphasize the profound mental, physical, and social benefits of meditation, while fostering peace and
unity worldwide.
• World Meditation Day is a powerful reminder of the transformative potential of meditation in
navigating the complexities of contemporary life.
• On November 29 2024, the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) declared December 21
as ‘World Meditation Day’ following the unanimous adoption of a resolution co-sponsored by 6
countries comprising India, Sri Lanka, Liechtenstein, Andorra, Mexico and Nepal.
• The resolution was adopted on December 6 2024, by the 193-member UNGA.
• The resolution introduced by Liechtenstein, was also cosponsored by Bangladesh, Bulgaria,
Burundi, the Dominican Republic, Iceland, Luxembourg, Mauritius, Monaco, Mongolia,
Morocco, Portugal and Slovenia.
• The declaration coincides with the day of “Winter Solstice”-December 21, a time of spiritual
reflection in Indian tradition marking the beginning of Uttarayana, a period believed to be
auspicious for meditation.
• 71 states from all geographical regions and cultural backgrounds co-sponsored the resolution
which was adopted by consensus.
• The UN Permanent Mission of India to the UN organized a special event with the theme
“Meditation for Global Peace and Harmony” to mark the first ever ‘World Meditation Day’ at
the UN headquarters in New York, United States of America (USA). Click here to read more.

38. When is United Nations (UN) World Basketball Day observed annually across the globe?
1) December 21
2) November 23
3) October 31
4) September 28
5) August 15
Answer- 1) December 21
Explanation:
The 2nd Edition of United Nations (UN) World Basketball Day was observed annually on 21
December 2024 across the globe to celebrate the global significance of basketball recognized by the
UN, acknowledging basketball’s role in promoting gender equality, empowering women and girls, and
fostering human rights.
• The day also emphasizes the importance of sports, including those for persons with disabilities,
in contributing to global development goals.
• In 2023, delegates gathered at the International Basketball Federation (FIBA’s) House of
Basketball in Mies, Switzerland to mark the 1st ever occasion.
• The 2023 FIBA Basketball World Cup, co-hosted by the Philippines, Japan and Indonesia and
Germany won the title. It will be help every four years.
• On December 21 1891, Dr. James Naismith (a Canadian physical education instructor)
invented basketball at the International Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA) Training
School in Springfield, Massachusetts, the United States of America (USA) to keep students
active during winter.
• The term “basketball” was coined by Dr. James Naismith in 1891.

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 • First World Basketball Day was observed on 25 August 2023.
• Basketball became the 1st-ever team sport to receive an official UN-recognized international
day, reflecting its universal popularity and capacity to bring people together.
• The National Basketball League (NBL) in the United States, founded in 1936 was the 1st
professional league. Click here to read more.

39. National Mathematics Day (NMD) is celebrated annually on December 22 to mark the birth
anniversary of the Indian mathematician, Srinivasa Ramanujan.
22 December 2024 marks the _______ birth anniversary of Srinivasa Ramanujan.
1) 119th
2) 123rd
3) 137th
4) 146th
5) 158th
Answer- 3) 137th
Explanation:
National Mathematics Day(NMD), celebrated annually on December 22 to mark the birth
anniversary of the Indian mathematician, Srinivasa Ramanujan.
• This day is celebrated to raise awareness about the importance of mathematics for the growth
of humanity and to recognise the contributions made by Ramanujan, to mathematics.
• 22 December 2024 marks the 137th birth anniversary of Srinivasa Ramanujan.
• National Mathematics Day(NMD) was introduced by former Prime Minister(PM) Manmohan
Singh on 26 December 2011 at Madras University, to mark the 125th birth anniversary of the
Indian mathematician Srinivasa Ramanujan who was born on 22 December 1887.
• The first NMD was celebrated on December 22, 2012.
• Srinivasa Ramanujan started developing his theories in mathematics and published his first
paper in 1911.
• He was the 1st Indian to be elected as a Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge (UK).
• Robert Kanigel, an American Biographer, authored the biography of Ramanujan titled “Man
Who Knew Infinity: A Life of the Genius Ramanujan” in 1991.
• In 1914, he found a formula for infinite series for pi, which forms the basis of many
algorithms used today.
• 1729 is known as the Ramanujan number which is the sum of the cubes of two numbers 10
and 9.
• The 2024 SASTRA Ramanujan Prize was awarded to Dr. Alexander Dunn of the Georgia
Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech), the United States of America(USA). It has been awarded
annually since 2005.
• Ruochuan Liu of Peking University, China, was awarded the 2024 DST-ICTP-IMU Ramanujan
Prize “for his fundamental contributions to p-adic Hodge theory. Click here to read more.

40.Which of the following is/are ‘correct’ with respect to the National Farmer’s Day also known
as Kisan Diwas.
A) National Farmers Day is observed on 23rd December across India to honor farmers.
B) The day marks the 122nd birth anniversary of Chaudhary Charan Singh.
C) The Kalam Ratna Award was presented to Rajendra Singh for insightful journalism, and the

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Sewa Ratna Award was conferred toNeerja Chowdhury, the "Waterman of India," for his
contributions to water conservation efforts.
1) Only A & B
2) All A, B, and C
3) Only B & C
4) Only C
5) Only A & C
Answer- 1) Only A & B
Explanation:
National Farmer’s Day, also known as Kisan Diwas, is annually observed across India on 23rd
December to honor the farmers’ contribution to the overall social and economic development of India
and commemorate the birth anniversary of Bharat Ratna Chaudhary Charan Singh, the 5th Prime
Minister(PM) of India.
i.The theme for National Farmers’ Day 2024 is “Empowering ‘Annadatas’ for a Prosperous Nation.
ii.23rd December 2024 marks the 122nd birth anniversary of Chaudhary Charan Singh.
iii. Chaudhary Charan Singh was posthumously honoured with the Bharat Ratna, India’s highest
civilian award, in 2024.
iv.He drafted the Debt Redemption Bill (1939) to free peasants from moneylenders, contributed to
the Land Holding Act (1960), reducing land ceiling limits, Proposed the Agricultural Produce
Marketing Bill (1938) to develop agri-market infrastructure.
v.The 1st edition of Chaudhary Charan Singh Awards, instituted by the Kisan Trust, were
presented in New Delhi,Delhi honoring Bharat Ratna Chaudhary Charan Singh’s dedication to rural
development, farmers’ welfare, and inclusive growth.
• Kalam Ratna Award: Presented to Neerja Chowdhury for insightful journalism.
• Sewa Ratna Award: Conferred on Dr. Rajendra Singh, “Waterman of India,” for water
conservation efforts.
• Krishak Utthan Award: Awarded to Dr. Firoz Hossain for advancing agricultural research.
• Kisan Award: Bestowed on Pritam Singh for contributions to agricultural excellence.

41. Which of the following points is/are ‘correct’ with respect to the National Consumer Rights
Day also known as Bharatiya Grahak Diwas?
A) National Consumer Rights Day, also known as Bharatiya Grahak Diwas or National
Consumer Day, is annually observed across India on 24 December.
B) Launched Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant and Time-bound (SMART) Standards
initiative from 2025 aims to simplify traditional standards, which are typically created as PDFs
for humans but difficult for computers to process.
C) Inauguration of the ‘Organic Food Testing Laboratory’ at National Test House (NTH),
Guwahati (Assam) & ‘Low Voltage Switchgear Testing Facility ‘at NTH, Mumbai (Maharashtra).
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C
3) Only B & C
4) Only C
5) All A, B & C
Answer- 5) All A, B & C

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Explanation:
National Consumer Rights Day, also known as Bharatiya Grahak Diwas or National Consumer Day, is
annually observed across India on 24 December to raise awareness of consumer rights and
responsibilities.
• The day also aims to educate people about their rights as consumers to avoid exploitation like
freedom of choice, access to information and protection against dangerous products.
• The theme of National Consumer Day 2024 was “Virtual Hearings & Digital Access to
Consumer Justice”.
• The 1st National Consumer Rights Day was observed on 24 December 1986.
• The Department of Consumer Affairs, MOCAF & PD launched a Safety Pledge, a voluntary
commitment to enhance consumer safety in e-commerce.
• The Jago Grahak Jago App provides consumers with crucial information about e-commerce
Uniform Resource Locators (URLs), alerting them to potential unsafe links and advising
caution.
• The e-Mapp portal, a unified digital platform to integrate State Legal Metrology portals into a
single national system.
• Another initiative of Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant and Time-bound (SMART)
Standards from 2025 aims to simplify traditional standards, which are typically created as
PDFs for humans but difficult for computers to process.
• The National Test House (NTH) inaugurated two advanced facilities on National Consumer
Day, emphasizing its commitment to product safety and consumer trust.
• Inauguration of the ‘Organic Food Testing Laboratory’ at National Test House (NTH),
Guwahati (Assam) & ‘Low Voltage Switchgear Testing Facility ‘at NTH, Mumbai (Maharashtra).
• Exchange of Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between the Legal Metrology Department
and Gujarat National Law University (GNLU) for collaboration in areas of mutual interest. Click
here to read more.

42. Which of the following points is/are ‘correct’ with respect to the Good Governance Day, also
known as ‘Sushasan Diwas’?
A) Good Governance Day, also known as ‘Sushasan Diwas’ in Hindi, is annually observed across
India on 24th December to mark the birth anniversary of the former (10th) Prime Minister
(PM) Late Atal Bihari Vajpayee.
B) The 4th Good Governance Week (Sushasan Saptah) is celebrated annually from 19th to 25th
December.
C) DARPG conducted the “Prashasan Gaon ki Ore Campaign”, India’s largest people-centric
campaign for citizen-centric governance.
D) Dr. Jitendra Singh, Union Minister of State for Science and Technology, Earth Sciences
launched the ‘Viksit Panchayat Karmayogi’ initiative.
E) Defence Secretary Rajesh Kumar Singh launched the “Karmayogi Website” and its “Mobile
App” which aims to provide public access to important information about national events.
1) Only A, B & C
2) Only A, C & E
3) Only B, C & D
4) Only C & E
5) All the above

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Answer- 3) Only B, C & D
Explanation:
Good Governance Day, also known as ‘Sushasan Diwas’ in Hindi, is annually observed across India on
25th December to mark the birth anniversary of the former (10th) Prime Minister (PM) Late Atal
Bihari Vajpayee. The day also aims to create awareness of accountability and administration of
government among the people.
• 25th December 2024 marks the 11th Good Governance Day and 100th birth anniversary of
Atal Bihari Vajpayee.
• Theme of Good Governance Day 2024 “India’s Path to a Viksit Bharat: Empowering Citizens
through Good Governance and Digitalisation,”.
• The 4th Good Governance Week (Sushasan Saptah) is celebrated annually from 19th to 25th
December.
• The Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances (DARPG) conducted the 4th
Sushasan Saptah (Good Governance Week) from December 19-25, 2024, alongside the
“Prashasan Gaon ki Ore Campaign”, India’s largest people-centric campaign for citizen-
centric governance.
• Defence Secretary Rajesh Kumar Singh launched the “Rashtraparv Website” and its “Mobile
App” (application) which aims to provide public access to important information about
national events like Republic Day, Independence Day, and the Beating Retreat Ceremony.
• Dr. Jitendra Singh, Union Minister of State for Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, PMO,
Atomic Energy, and Space, launched the ‘Viksit Panchayat Karmayogi’ initiative.
• On Good Governance Day (December 25), a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was signed
between the Water Resources Department of Gujarat and Space Applications Centre- Indian
Space Research Organisation (SAC-ISRO) under the chairmanship of Gujarat Chief Minister
(CM) Bhupendra Patel in Gandhinagar (Gujarat). Click here to read more.

43. Which of the following points is/are ‘correct’ with respect to the Veer Bal Diwas observed
annually across India?
A) Veer Bal Diwas is annually observed across India on 26th December to mark the martyrdom
of the Sahibzadas- Sri Guru Gobind Singh’s 4 sons of the 10th Sikh guru- Guru Gobind Singh Ji,
who sacrificed their lives in the 17th century.
B) The Pradhan Mantri Rashtriya Bal Puraskar organized by the Ministry of Housing and Urban
Affairs, Government of India (GoI) and confers the award to children for outstanding
achievements.
C) PM Narendra Modi launched “Suposhit Gram Panchayat Abhiyan” at the event of Veer Bal
Diwas 2024.
1) Only A & B
2) Only A & C
3) Only B & C
4) Only C
5) All A, B & C
Answer- 2) Only A & C

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Explanation:
Veer Bal Diwas is annually observed across India on 26th December to mark the martyrdom of the
Sahibzadas- Sri Guru Gobind Singh’s 4 sons of the 10th Sikh guru- Guru Gobind Singh Ji, who sacrificed
their lives in the 17th century.
• The national event for Veer Bal Diwas 2024, held on 26th December 2024 at Bharat
Mandapam, New Delhi, Delhi was graced by PM Narendra Modi, with the Union Minister
Annapurna Devi, Ministry of Women and Child Development (MoW&CD), and other
dignitaries.
• The Government of India(GoI) confers the Pradhan Mantri Rashtriya Bal Puraskar (PMRBP)
to children for outstanding achievements in seven areas including Art & Culture, Bravery,
Innovation, Science & Technology, Social Service, Sports, and Environment.
• PM Narendra Modi launched “Suposhit Gram Panchayat Abhiyan” at the event of Veer Bal
Diwas 2024.
• Various initiatives were held across India to engage young people, raise awareness about the
day’s importance, and promote a culture of bravery and dedication, with online competitions,
including quizzes, organized through the MyGov and MyBharat Portals. Click here to read
more.

44. When is the United Nations (UN)’s International Day of Epidemic Preparedness observed
annually across India?
1) December 27
2) December 25
3) December 22
4) December 26
5) December 23
Answer- 1) December 27
Explanation:
The United Nations (UN)’s International Day of Epidemic Preparedness on December 27th each year
to stress the importance of preventing and preparing for epidemics. It highlights the need for global
cooperation and working together to protect communities from health crises.
• 27th December 2024 marks the 5th observance of the International Day of Epidemic
Preparedness
• The International Day of Epidemic Preparedness was first observed on December 27, 2020.
• An epidemic is when a large number of people or animals are affected by the same disease
within a specific region at the same time.
• UN Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3.3 seeks to eliminate the epidemics of AIDS,
tuberculosis, malaria, and neglected tropical diseases by 2030.
• The World Health Organisation (WHO) designs global strategies to prevent and manage
epidemic-prone diseases, including yellow fever, cholera, and influenza. Click here to read
more.

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45. Which state government has recently (in December ‘24) issued an order to celebrate
Computer Operators’ Day every year on December 26 to mark the birth anniversary of English
mathematician and Inventor of Digital Computer Charles Babbage?
1) Chhattisgarh
2) Kerala
3) Karnataka
4) Maharashtra
5) Madhya Pradesh
Answer- 3) Karnataka
Explanation:
The Karnataka government issued an order to celebrate Computer Operators’ Day every year on
December 26 to mark the birth anniversary of English mathematician and Inventor of Digital
Computer Charles Babbage. It was observed by the Rural Development & Panchayat Raj Department
(RDPR), Karnataka.
• First-Ever Computer Operators’ Day was observed on December 26 2024.
• The day ensures the Computer operators who play a vital role in facilitating the successful
implementation of government schemes and programs, administered by the RDPR.
• Charles Babbage was born on December 26, 1791, in London, United Kingdom (UK). He is often
called the “father of the computer” for his conceptual designs of a mechanical computing
device of modern computing.
• His first major invention was the Difference Engine, designed to compute polynomial
functions and tabulate logarithms and trigonometric functions.
• The Analytical Engine was his more advanced design, conceptualized as a general-purpose
mechanical computer. It included key features of modern computers.
• He was the first awardee to receive the ‘Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society(RAS)’,
highest award of RAS in 1824 for his invention of an engine for calculating mathematical and
astronomical tables.

ENVIRONMENT
1. Name the recently (in November ‘24) discovered new genus of freshwater fish endemic to
the Western Ghats.
1) Koima
2) Agnatha
3) Tenkana
4) Curcuma
5) Dawkinsia
Answer- 1) Koima
Explanation:
In November 2024, A team of researchers discovered Koima, a new genus of freshwater fish endemic
to the Western Ghats. This genus includes 2 known species – Mesonoemacheilus remadevii and
Nemacheilus monilis, which were previously assigned under the genus Nemacheilus.

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 • The fish named Mesonoemacheilus remadevii and Nemacheilus monilis are now renamed as
Koima remadevii and Koima monilis respectively. Both species are found in the tributaries
of the Cauvery river.
• The research was published in the leading international taxonomy journal Zootaxa.
• The generic name, Koima was derived from Malayalam. It is the vernacular word used for
loaches.
• Koima remadevii is only known from its type locality in the Kunthi river inside Silent Valley
National Park, Kerala.
• Koima monilis are found in the tributaries of the Cauvery river, occupying microhabitats
ranging from large rivers to small, fast-flowing streams at elevations between 350 and 800
meters(m).

2. Which family does the recently (in November ‘24) discovered flower species "Dicliptera
srisailamica" belong to?
1) Fabaceae
2) Ericaceae
3) Acanthaceae
4) Asparagaceae
5) Crassulaceae
Answer- 3) Acanthaceae
Explanation:
A team of botanists, led by scientist L. Rasingam, from the Botanical Survey of India (BSI)’s Deccan
Regional Centre in Hyderabad(Telangana), has identified a new flower species “Dicliptera
srisailamica” in the Nagarjunasagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve in the Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh
(AP) and Telangana. The new species was named after the temple town of Srisailam.
• This new species belongs to the Acanthaceae family, represented globally by 223 known
species.
• The Dicliptera genus includes 27 species, 8 of which are endemic to India.
• The new species is an erect herb, reaching up to 90 centimeter(cm), with four-angled stems
covered in fine, deflexed hairs when young.
• The plant has small, pink, bi-lipped flowers arranged in clusters. The flower blooms from
October to January.

3. Where was the new species of crocodile ‘Tylototriton Koliaensis’ or the ‘Cao Bang Crocodile
newt’ discovered in November 2024?
1) Brazil
2) Vietnam
3) China
4) Bangladesh
5) Argentina
Answer- 2) Vietnam
Explanation:
A crocodile-like creature was discovered in Vietnam’s mountainous farm at elevations of 3,300 feet.
The creature was spotted in a slow moving stream and after the analysis of Deoxyribonucleic acid

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(DNA), researchers discovered it as a new species of crocodile Tylototriton Koliaensis or the Cao
Bang Crocodile newt.
• This discovery of the study was published in the journal Zoo keys. It is a genus of salamanders
found primarily in Asia.
• Researcher Trung My Phung, associated the study mentioned that there are totally 38 species
scattered throughout Asia, out of which 6 specimens have been collected for further analysis.
• The Cao Bang crocodile newts are completely black in colour with a uniform hue of bright
orange on marks of fingertips and toes and are about 5-inches in length, stout bodies with
rough skin and its scales are like knobs or warts and the heads are large.
• The bottom part of the crocodile has a dark gray stomach and an orange stripe down to the
center of the tail.

4. Which among the following species was recently (in November ‘24) discovered in Meghalaya
and named Raorchestes asakgrensis?
1) Snake
2) Crocodile
3) Frog
4) Butterfly
5) Spider
Answer- 3) Frog
Explanation:
Meghalaya’s biodiversity has gained global recognition with the discovery of a new frog species,
Raorchestes asakgrensis, in the Eman Asakgre Community Reserve. The species is named after the
Eman Asakgre Community Reserve, honoring the local community’s support during the research in
biodiversity conservation.
• The Newly Discovered Raorchestes asakgrensis was found at an elevation of 174 meters in
Eman Asakgre, this small arboreal frog is distinctive for its pointed snout and visible
tympanum.
• The discovery was published in Herpetozoa, the international Journal.
• Males measure about 20.49 mm in snout-vent length, with females slightly larger at 22.8 mm.
Males call from shrubs at dusk, perched 1.5 meters or higher, with calling activity peaking after
the first monsoon rains.
• This study, supported by the National Mission on Himalayan Studies and the Stiftung
Artenschutz Amphibian Conservation Fund, highlights the crucial role of community reserves
in safeguarding biodiversity.

5. Which spice variety has been developed as ‘IISR Surasa’ by the Indian Council of Agricultural
Research (ICAR) – Indian Institute of Spices Research (IISR) in December 2024?
1) Turmeric
2) Garlic
3) Ginger
4) Clove
5) Cardamom
Answer- 3) Ginger

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Explanation:
On 10th December 2024, the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) – Indian Institute of
Spices Research(IISR) introduced India’s first ginger variety, “IISR Surasa,” which was developed to
use as a vegetable.
• IISR Surasa was created by the IISR through a farmers’ participatory breeding initiative
with the aim of helping ginger farmers.
• The rhizomes of Surasa have a creamy golden center and are plump and robust. It is ideal
for making dry ginger due to its low fiber content and about 21% dry recovery rate.
• Using scientific methods, IISR Surasa can produce up to 24.33 tons per hectare providing a
consistent yield for the grower.

6. Which of the following is not one of the five new species of the Darwin wasp subfamily
Microleptinae which was recently (in December '2024) discovered by researchers from the
Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE) in India and Thailand?
1) Microleptes chiani
2) Microleptes Gowrishankari
3) Microleptes Sandeshkaduri
4) Microleptes depressus
5) Microleptes xinbinensis
Answer: 5) Microleptes xinbinensis
Explanation:
In December 2024, a team of researchers from the Bengaluru (Karnataka) based Ashoka Trust for
Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), along with their collaborators, discovered five
new species of the Darwin wasp subfamily Microleptinae from India and Thailand. The species
belongs to the family Hymenoptera, which comprises 42 subfamilies, with the scientific name
‘Ichneumonidae’.
i.These discoveries of the study were published in the Journal of Hymenoptera Research. The
discovery represents the first documented presence of the Microleptinae subfamily in India.
ii.The research, led by Ranjith A.P. and Priyadarsanan Dharma Rajan of ATREE, in collaboration with
Buntika A. Butcher from Chulalongkorn University in Thailand and Andrei E. Humala from the Russian
Academy of Sciences
About the five new species:
i.Microleptes chiani: It was discovered in Tamil Nadu’s Kalakad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve
(KMTR), and is named after Tamilazhagan (commonly known as Chian), Senior Technical Assistant at
ATREE.
ii.Microleptes Gowrishankari: It was discovered in Karnataka’s Biligiri Ranganathaswamy Temple
Tiger Reserve, and named after Dr. P. Gowri Shankar of the Kalinga Foundation in recognition of his
efforts in King Cobra conservation.
iii.Microleptes Sandeshkaduri: It was collected from the Siang Valley along the Kugging River of
Arunachal Pradesh and named after Mr Sandesh Kadur of Felis Creations for his outstanding
contributions to documenting and conserving biodiversity.
iv.Microleptes Tehriensis: The name is derived from its collection site in Tehri, Uttarakhand.
v.Microleptes depressus: It was discovered in Thailand.
Note: The researchers also discovered the female Microleptes xinbinensis, a species that was
previously known only from China.

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7. Name the recently (in December ‘24) discovered large antlion species found in Tamil Nadu
(TN).
1) Scaptia muscula
2) Myrmeleon formicarius
3) Lasiochalcidia igiliensis
4) Palpares Contrarius
5) Myrmeleon pictifrons
Answer- 4) Palpares Contrarius
Explanation:
In November 2024, researchers discovered a large antlion species, “Palpares Contrarius” from
Myrmeleontidae (Antlion family) which resembles a dragonfly, for the first time at the Madras
Christian College (MCC) in Tamil Nadu (TN). The discovery in TN contributes to the state’s rich
biodiversity.
• The study was published in the Journal of the Threatened Taxa and the discovery was
documented by Anita Pearline Esther, an entomologist at MCC, TN.
• The specimen was deposited in the Zoological Survey of India (ZSI), Chennai.
• Antlions are identifiable by its distinctive antennae and unique vertical wing-flapping flight,
with adults being elusive and nocturnal. It belongs to the order Neuroptera.
• Antlion larvae make sand pits to catch prey, mainly feeding on ants. The larval stage can last
more than a year, depending on the environment and food supply.
• Antlions are found in many countries, including Africa, Myanmar, Thailand, and Sri Lanka. In
India, they live in states such as Odisha, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Mizoram, Uttarakhand, and
Madhya Pradesh(MP).

APP and WEB PORTAL

1. Name the mobile application (app) that was recently (in November ‘24) launched by the
Ministry of Education (MoE) to transform education in India by equipping teachers with
advanced skills for 21st-century classrooms.
1) Diksha App
2) Swayam
3) Socrative Teacher
4) Infinity Learn
5) The TeacherApp
Answer- 5) The TeacherApp
Explanation:
Union Minister Dharmendra Pradhan, Ministry of Education (MoE), launched “The TeacherApp”, an
innovative digital platform aimed at transforming education in India by equipping teachers with
advanced skills for 21st-century classrooms. The launch event was held in New Delhi, Delhi.
• The app is developed by the Bharti Airtel Foundation, the philanthropic arm of New Delhi,
Delhi, based Bharti Enterprises.
• The theme of the event is “Elevating Teachers, Elevating India.” It highlights the
importance of empowering educators with the skills, knowledge, and tools required to meet
the evolving demands of modern education.

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 • The TeacherApp offers over 260 hours of content, including videos, podcasts, webinars, and
interactive learning tools. It also provides access to live expert sessions that share practical
strategies for effective classroom teaching.
• A unique feature of the TeacherApp is its teaching kits, which provide 900 hours of
materials, including lesson plans, teaching videos, project-based activities, worksheets, and
question banks.
• The App fosters community building by highlighting impactful teacher stories and
promoting collaboration among educators.

2. Name the portal that was launched by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme
Implementation(MoSPI) to facilitate seamless access to official statistics in India.
1) NIRMAN
2) e-Sakshya
3) eSwasthya Dham
4) e-Sankhyiki
5) Skill India Digital Hub
Answer- 4) e-Sankhyiki
Explanation:
The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) has launched the e-Sankhyiki
portal to facilitate seamless access to official statistics in India. This portal is designed to enhance the
accessibility and dissemination of official statistics in India, serving as a definitive source for reliable
statistical data.
• The Microdata of Surveys and Census is disseminated through a dedicated portal: Microdata
Portal.
• The e-Sankhyiki portal, with its Application Programming Interface (API), ensures seamless
data accessibility across various platforms, including the National Data and Analytics Platform
(NDAP).

3. Name the portal that was recently (in November ‘24) launched by the Ministry of Consumer
Affairs, Food & Public Distribution which enables the consumers to file their complaints.
1) eMaap
2) U-WIN
3) Lokpath
4) VisioNxt
5) e-Dakhil
Answer- 5) e-Dakhil
Explanation:
In November 2024, the Department of Consumer Affairs (DoCA), Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food
& Public Distribution(MoCAF&PD) announced that the “e-Daakhil portal” has been launched
successfully across all States and Union Territories (UTs) of India.
• This milestone is achieved following the launch of e-Daakhil portal by Lieutenant Governor of
Ladakh, Brig. (Dr.) B.D. Mishra (Retd.) in Ladakh on 22nd November 2024, making the portal a
truly pan-India initiative.

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 • It was 1st introduced on 7th September, 2020 by the National Consumer Dispute Redressal
Commission (NCDRC), as an innovative platform designed to streamline the consumer
grievance redressal process.
• It provides an efficient and convenient way for consumers to approach the relevant
consumer forums, eliminating the need for physical appearances at those forums.
It offers an intuitive and easy-to-navigate interface, which enables the consumers to file their
complaints, help them to keep track of the status of their complaints and make payments.

4. Name the platform that was recently (in November ‘24) launched by Chief of Army Staff
(COAS) General Upendra Dwivedi for officers’ training.
1) Aditya
2) Eklavya
3) Anubhav
4) Samanvay
5) Praamaanik
Answer- 2) Eklavya
Explanation:
On November 28 2024, Chief of Army Staff (COAS) General Upendra Dwivedi launched the ‘Eklavya’
digital platform for officers’ training, marking a significant step towards modernization. It is aligned
with the Indian Army’s (IA) “Decade of Transformation” initiative and IA’s theme for 2024 as the
“Year of Technology Absorption”.
• The Eklavya platform was developed under Shimla based Headquarters Army Training
Command (HQ ARTRAC) with Mhow(Madhya Pradesh, MP) based Army War College(AWC)
as the sponsor agency. It was hosted on the Army Data Network and features a scalable
architecture.
• It was created at zero cost with the help of Gandhinagar(Gujarat) based Bhaskaracharya
National Institute of Space Applications and Geoinformatics (BISAG-N) and support from the
Directorate General of Information Systems (DGIS).
• The Eklavya platform aims to enhance professional military education, reduce course
congestion, and prepare officers for specialized roles, promoting continuous learning and
specialization.
• This initiative is a major step towards leveraging technology for the advancement of the IA’s
training programs.
• The platform includes a searchable database of journals, research papers, and articles, making
it a comprehensive resource for officers.

5. Union Minister Pralhad Joshi has recently (in December ‘24) launched 2 pivotal initiatives
‘Anna Chakra’ and the ‘SCAN (Subsidy Claim Application for National Food Security Act (NFSA)
portal’ in New Delhi, Delhi.
Which organisation has developed the Anna Chakra portal in collaboration with the Ministry of
Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution and Foundation for Innovation and Technology
Transfer (FITT), Indian Institutes of Technology (IIT) Delhi?
1) World Food Programme
2) Food Corporation of India
3) United Nations Environment Programme

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4) Food Safety and Standards Authority of India
5) Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Answer- 1) World Food Programme
Explanation:
On December 5 2024, Union Minister Pralhad Joshi, Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public
Distribution (MoCAF&PD) and Ministry of New and Renewable Energy(MNRE), launched 2 pivotal
initiatives ‘Anna Chakra’, a Public Distribution System (PDS) supply chain optimization tool and the
‘SCAN (Subsidy Claim Application for National Food Security Act (NFSA) portal’ in New Delhi(Delhi).
• These initiatives, led by the Department of Food Public Distribution (DFPD) under the
MoCAF&PD, are set to modernize the PDS and streamline subsidy claims, marking a significant
milestone in India’s food security framework.
• ‘Anna Chakra’ is designed to optimize the logistics network of the PDS, a system that serves as
the backbone for providing food security to over 81 crore beneficiaries.
• It was developed by the MoCAF&PD in collaboration with the World Food Programme
(WFP) and the Foundation for Innovation and Technology Transfer (FITT), Indian Institutes of
Technology (IIT) Delhi, New Delhi(Delhi) in which the tool employs advanced algorithms to
identify the most efficient routes for the movement of food grains across various supply chain
nodes.
• The SCAN portal is a single window platform that simplifies the process of subsidy claim
submission, scrutiny and approval of subsidy claims under the National Food Security Act
(NFSA) 2013.
• This portal automates the end-to-end workflow, ensuring timely disbursement and minimizing
delays in subsidy release.

6. In November 2024, ______ anniversary of the National Youth Parliament Scheme (NYPS) portal
was observed in New Delhi, Delhi.
1) 3rd
2) 4th
3) 5th
4) 6th
5) 7th
Answer- 3) 5th
Explanation:
On November 26 2024, the 5th anniversary of the National Youth Parliament Scheme (NYPS) portal
was observed in New Delhi(Delhi). It was launched by former President Ram Nath Kovind on
November 26 2019 to commemorate the 70th anniversary of India’s Constitution ‘Samvidhan Diwas’.
• This initiative in alignment with Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi’s vision aims to engage
young citizens in understanding the workings of Parliament and strengthen democratic values.
• The NYPS portal, developed by the Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs(MoPA), serves as an
important platform for raising awareness about democratic processes, empowering youth and
building a deeper connection to India’s constitutional values, especially on Samvidhan Diwas.
• In September 2024, the NYPS 2.0 was launched by Union Minister Kiren Rijiju, MoPA,
expanding participation to all citizens through institution, group and individual categories.

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7. Name the portal that was recently (in December ‘24) launched by the Union Minister of State
(MoS), Dr. Jitendra Singh, Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions (MoPP&P) to
strengthen governance and empower public administrators in India.
1) Amrit Gyaan Kosh
2) KrishiNivesh
3) Karmayogi
4) VisioNxt
5) Skill India Digital Hub
Answer- 1) Amrit Gyaan Kosh
Explanation:
On December 9, 2024, Union Minister of State(MoS), Dr. Jitendra Singh, Ministry of Personnel, Public
Grievances and Pensions(MoPP&P), launched the “Amrit Gyaan Kosh” Portal in New Delhi (Delhi) to
strengthen governance and empower public administrators in India.
• He also inaugurated the “Advanced Case Writing and Teaching Workshop” for 60 faculty
members from Civil Services Training Institutions (CSTI) nationwide.
• The event was attended by the leadership from the Capacity Building Commission (CBC),
Karmayogi Bharat, Asian Development Bank (ADB), Asian Development Bank Institute (ADBI)
and the Program Instructors from Stanford Leadership Academy for Development.
• The portal, part of the Integrated Government Online Training (iGOT) platform was developed
by the CBC and Karmayogi Bharat.
• It aims to build a comprehensive knowledge base by curating best practices from across India,
with a focus on aligning these practices with 15 of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals
(SDGs).
• The workshop will take place in two cohorts, from December 9-13, 2024, and December 16-20,
2024, at the Sushma Swaraj Institute of Foreign Service(SSIFS), New Delhi.
• It was conducted by the CBC, in collaboration with the ADBI and the Stanford Leadership
Academy for Development.

8. Name the mobile application(app) that was recently (in December ‘24) launched by Indian
Railways (IR) to boost passenger safety by improving the training of frontline safety personnel.
1) e-Sakshya
2) Sanraksha
3) Lokpath
4) Rangeen Machhli
5) Bhooskhalan
Answer- 2) Sanraksha
Explanation:
In November 2024, Indian Railways(IR) introduced the Pan-India ‘Sanraksha’ mobile
application(app), which aims to boost passenger safety by improving the training of frontline safety
personnel. The app integrates advanced technologies, including data analytics and Artificial
Intelligence (AI), to provide smart learning and real-time feedback.
• The app was launched following the success of a pilot project in the Nagpur division of
Maharashtra and is set to be expanded across 16 divisions, including the Hyderabad South
Central Railway (SCR) zone.

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 • It offers immediate assessments of learning progress and ensures on-demand access to
resources.
• It reinforces the Railways’ commitment to developing more skilled and safety-conscious
employees, contributing to a safer transportation system.

9. Name the mobile application (app) that was recently (in December ‘24) launched by the
Sports Authority of Andhra Pradesh (SAAP) to improve sports management across the state.
1) SportsTiger
2) Lokpath
3) NIRMAN
4) Kreeda
5) Rangeen Machhli
Answer- 4) Kreeda
Explanation:
On December 19, 2024, the Sports Authority of Andhra Pradesh (SAAP) launched a ‘Kreeda App’, a
first-of-its-kind mobile app to improve sports management across the state.The app was officially
launched by Mandipalli Ramprasadh Reddy, Minister for Youth and Sports of Andhra Pradesh (AP), at
an event in Vijayawada, AP.
• The ‘Kreeda App’ is designed to be a one-stop solution for sports-related matters. It allows
them to update their profiles, track their performance, and access achievement certificates
through DigiLocker.
• In addition to benefiting athletes, the app also includes features for tracking coaches’
performance, managing inventory in real time, addressing grievances, and managing assets.
• The app also includes a central sports calendar that makes it easy for players to apply for
tournaments.
• The app aims to prevent misuse of sports quota certificates and offers a transparent system for
player registration, performance tracking, tournament applications, and managing sports
equipment.

CURRENT STATIC BANKING

1. Which bank has recently (in November ‘24) raised Rs 10,000 crore at a coupon rate of 7.23%
through its seventh infrastructure bond issuance?
1) Axis Bank
2) Canara Bank
3) Bank of Baroda
4) Union Bank of India
5) State Bank of India
Answer- 5) State Bank of India
Explanation:
State Bank of India (SBI) has raised Rs 10,000 crore at a coupon rate of 7.23% through its seventh
infrastructure bond issuance, payable annually for a tenor of 15 years, according to an exchange filing.
• The issue attracted overwhelming response from investors, with bids in excess of Rs 11,500
crore, and was oversubscribed in excess of 2 times against the base issue size of Rs 5,000 crore.

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 • The total number of bids received was 85 indicating wider participation with heterogeneity of
bids.

2. When was the National Federation of State Co-operative Banks Ltd (NAFSCOB) established?
1) 1962
2) 1964
3) 1965
4) 1967
5) 1969
Answer- 2) 1964
Explanation:
About The National Federation of State Co-operative Banks Ltd (NAFSCOB):
Chairman– Konduru Ravinder Rao
Established– 1964
Headquarters– Mumbai, Maharashtra

3. Who is the current (as of November ‘24) Managing Director (MD) & Chief Executive Officer
(CEO) of Canara HSBC Life Insurance?
1) Tapan Singhel
2) Sanjeev Mantri
3) Anuj Mathur
4) Satishwar Balakrishnan
5) Sashidhar Jagdishan
Answer- 3) Anuj Mathur
Explanation:
About Canara HSBC Life Insurance:
Canara HSBC Life Insurance, was established in 2008, as a Joint Venture (JV) of Canara Bank (51%),
HSBC Insurance (Asia Pacific) (26%), and Punjab National Bank (23%).
Managing Director (MD) & Chief Executive Officer (CEO)– Anuj Mathur
Headquarters– Gurugram, Haryana

4. Where is the headquarters of HDFC Bank located?

1) New Delhi, Delhi
2) Kolkata, West Bengal
3) Chennai, Tamil Nadu
4) Bengaluru, Karnataka
5) Mumbai, Maharashtra
Answer- 5) Mumbai, Maharashtra
Explanation:
About (Housing Development Finance Corporation Limited) HDFC Bank:
Managing Director (MD) & Chief Executive Officer (CEO)– Sashidhar Jagdishan
Headquarters– Mumbai, Maharashtra
Establishment– 1994
Tagline- We Understand your World

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5. Who among the following is one of the largest shareholders of the Asian Development Bank
(ADB)?
1) Singapore
2) China
3) Germany
4) India
5) United States of America
Answer- 5) United States of America
Explanation:
About Asian Development Bank (ADB):
ADB is owned by 69 members - 49 within Asia and Pacific and 20 from outside. Japan and the United
States of America(USA) are the largest shareholders of the ADB, with an equity share of 15.6 % each.
President- Masatsugu Asakawa
Headquarters– Manila, the Philippines
Established– 1966

6. In November 2024, Reserve Bank of India (RBI) extended the supersession on Abhyudaya
Cooperative Bank board till __________________.
1) October 25, 2025
2) October 31, 2025
3) November 24, 2025
4) November 30, 2025
5) December 26, 2025
Answer- 3) November 24, 2025
Explanation:
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has extended the supersession on Abhyudaya Cooperative Bank
board for another year till November 24, 2025. The RBI has not imposed any business limitations,
and the bank will continue to conduct its regular banking operations as is, with the Administrator's
supervision.
• RBI has appointed Satya Prakash Pathak, former Chief General Manager of State Bank of India,
as “Administrator” to manage the affairs of the bank during this period.
• It also appointed a “Committee of Advisors” to assist the Administrator to discharge his duties.

7. Which bank has recently (in November ‘24) partnered with Vegapay, a technology innovator
in the banking software industry, to launch a hyper-configurable platform ‘Credit Line on UPI’?
1) Yes Bank
2) Axis Bank
3) Federal Bank
4) Indian Bank
5) Bank of Baroda
Answer- 1) Yes Bank
Explanation:
Yes Bank has announced a partnership with Vegapay, a technology innovator in the banking
software industry, to launch a hyper-configurable platform called ‘Credit Line on UPI’.

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 • The collaboration aims to expand credit access across India using the Unified Payments
Interface (UPI).
• The platform includes a user-friendly dashboard and a customisable app, making it simple for
banks to integrate with their existing systems.

8. Which company has recently (in November ‘24) launched Unified Payment Interface (UPI)
Lite Auto Top-Up designed to streamline small, frequent transactions for users, making
everyday payments quick and hassle free?
1) GooglePay
2) Razorpay
3) Paytm
4) PhonePe
5) PayPal
Answer- 3) Paytm
Explanation:
One97 Communications Limited (OCL), which owns the Paytm brand, India’s leading payments and
financial services distribution company and the pioneer of QR, Soundbox, and mobile payments, has
enabled Paytm users to make international UPI payments.
• Indian travellers can now use their Paytm app to make seamless, cashless payments at
destinations where UPI is accepted, including popular spots in the UAE, Singapore, France,
Mauritius, Bhutan, and Nepal.

9. When was the Employees’ Provident Fund Organisation (EPFO) established?

1) 1946
2) 1952
3) 1965
4) 1972
5) 1989
Answer- 2) 1952
Explanation:
About Employees’ Provident Fund Organisation (EPFO):
Central Provident Fund Commissioner (CPFC)-Ramesh Krishnamurthi
Headquarters- New Delhi, Delhi
Established- 1952

10. Who has recently (in November ‘24) appointed as the Chairman of the Governing Board of
BSE Limited?
1) S.S. Mundra
2) Neeraj Kumar Gupta
3) Subhasis Chaudhuri
4) Umakant Jayaram
5) Sundararaman Ramamurthy
Answer- 3) Subhasis Chaudhuri

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Explanation:
BSE Limited, leading stock exchange, announced that the Securities and Exchange Board of India
(SEBI) has approved the appointment of Subhasis Chaudhuri as the Chairman of the governing
board.
• The appointment is effective from the date of SEBI approval letter, November 21, 2024.

11. Which bank has recently (in November ‘24) launched a low-cost customised vehicle loan
product for Uber’s fleet partners?
1) Bank of Baroda
2) Karnataka Bank
3) ICICI Bank
4) Federal Bank
5) State Bank of India
Answer- 5) State Bank of India
Explanation:
State Bank of India (SBI) has introduced a customised vehicle loan product for Uber’s fleet partners
to support the growth of the ride-hailing industry. This loan enables low-cost, tailored financing
solutions as well as hassle free loan disbursement to Uber’s fleet partners.
• The partnership between SBI and Uber aims to leverage SBI’s extensive financial services
network and Uber’s technology to ensure that the fleet partners effectively expand their fleet
and scale-up their operations.
• SBI's custom-designed car loan product aims to empower both new and existing Uber fleet
partners.

12. When was Deutsche Bank AG established?

1) 1996
2) 1972
3) 1956
4) 1870
5) 1823
Answer- 4) 1870
Explanation:
About Deutsche Bank AG:
Chief Executive Officer (CEO)- Christian Sewing
Headquarters- Frankfurt, Germany
Established- 1870

13. Which company has recently (in November ‘24) demerge its ice-cream business into an
independent listed entity?
1) Hindustan Unilever Limited
2) Britannia Industries
3) Mother Dairy
4) Nestlé India
5) Amul
Answer- 1) Hindustan Unilever Limited

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Explanation:
Hindustan Unilever Limited’s (HUL) board of directors gave an in-principle approval to demerge the
ice-cream business into an independent listed entity. In the demerger process, the shareholders of
HUL will receive shares in the new entity in proportion to their shareholding in the parent company.
• The board and shareholders must approve the demerger plan before it can be implemented.
The board would be presented with the plan early in 2025.

14. Which insurance company has recently (in November ‘24) increased its stakeholding to
5.02% of Patanjali Foods?
1) Tata AIA Life Insurance Company Limited
2) SBI General Insurance Company Limited
3) ICICI Prudential Life Insurance Company Limited
4) Star Health and Allied Insurance Company Limited
5) Life Insurance Corporation of India
Answer- 5) Life Insurance Corporation of India
Explanation:
Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC), India’s leading insurance company, announced through an
exchange filing that it had increased its stake in Patanjali Foods to 5.02% from 4.986% through the
purchase of shares via open market operations.
• LIC acquired 125,000 equity shares of Patanjali Foods through an open market purchase.
• The shares were purchased at an average price of Rs 1,764.96 each. Following this transaction,
LIC’s total equity holding in Patanjali Foods increased from 1,80,48,377 shares to 1,81,73,377
shares.

15. Which bank has recently (in November ‘24) raised Rs 5,000 crore through the issuance of
10-year infrastructure bonds on a private placement basis?
1) Bank of Baroda
2) Canara Bank
3) Bank of India
4) Indian Bank
5) State Bank of India
Answer- 3) Bank of India
Explanation:
Bank of India (BOI) has raised Rs 5,000 crore from a long-term infrastructure bonds issue on a
private placement basis.
• Bids amounting to Rs 13,700 crore were received and the issue was oversubscribed by 6.85
times against the base issue size of Rs 2,000 crore. It also had a green shoe option of Rs 3,000
crore.
• The bank has decided to accept bids of Rs 5,000 crore at a coupon rate of 7.41% per annum.

16. When was the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (IBBI) established?
1) 2012
2) 2014
3) 2016
4) 2018

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5) 2019
Answer- 3) 2016
Explanation:
About Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (IBBI):
Chairperson– Ravi Mital
Headquarters-New Delhi, India
Established- October 01, 2016

17. Which bank has recently (in November ‘24) raised Rs 50,000 crore of debt from the
domestic bond market so far during the current financial year FY25?
1) Bank of Baroda
2) Canara Bank
3) Bandhan India
4) Federal Bank
5) State Bank of India
Answer- 5) State Bank of India
Explanation:
State Bank of India (SBI) has raised Rs 50,000 crore of debt from the domestic bond market so far
during the current financial year FY25.
• SBI has raised Rs 5,000 crore in AT1 bonds, Rs 15,000 crore in tier 2 bonds and Rs 30,000
crore in long-term infra bonds till date during FY25 at a very competitive rate.

18. Where is the headquarters of the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited,
India (HSBC India) situated?
1) Mumbai, Maharashtra
2) Bengaluru, Karnataka
3) Kolkata, West Bengal
4) New Delhi, Delhi
5) Gurugram, Haryana
Answer- 1) Mumbai, Maharashtra
Explanation:
About Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited, India (HSBC India):
HSBC opened its first Indian branch in Calcutta (Kolkata), West Bengal(WB) in 1867. The HSBC India’s
first Automated Teller Machine (ATM) was introduced in 1987.
Chief Executive Officer (CEO)- Hitendra Dave
Headquarters- Mumbai, Maharashtra
Established-1853
Tagline- My Account Starts Today

19. Who is the current (as of December ‘24) Managing Director (MD) and Chief Executive
Officer (CEO) of Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC)?
1) Tapan Singhel
2) Sanjeev Mantri
3) Amit Jhingran
4) Siddhartha Mohanty

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5) Anuj Tyagi
Answer- 4) Siddhartha Mohanty
Explanation:
About Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC):
Managing Director (MD) and chief executive officer (CEO)– Siddhartha Mohanty
Headquarters– Mumbai, Maharashtra
Founded-1956

20. Where is the headquarters of the Asian Development Bank(ADB) located?

1) Beijing, China
2) Manila, Philippines
3) Kathmandu, Nepal
4) Tokyo, Japan
5) Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Answer- 2) Manila, Philippines
Explanation:
About Asian Development Bank(ADB):
President– Masatsugu Asakawa(Japan)
Headquarters– Mandaluyong City, Manila, The Philippines
Members Nations- 69 (49 members nations are from Asia-Pacific region)
Established– 1966

21. In December 2024, Newgen Software Technologies Limited received a purchase order
worth ________________ from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) for the implementation and
maintenance of the Regulatory Application Management System (RAMS).
1) Rs 13 crore
2) Rs 22 crore
3) Rs 27 crore
4) Rs 32 crore
5) Rs 39 crore
Answer- 4) Rs 32 crore
Explanation:
Newgen Software Technologies Limited has received a purchase order worth about Rs 32 crore
from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) for the implementation and maintenance of the Regulatory
Application Management System (RAMS).
• The aggregate value of the aforesaid purchase order is Rs 32.44 crore (inclusive of 18% GST),
per the company’s regulatory filing. The order is to be executed in seven years.
• This purchase order is subject to acceptance to all the terms and conditions as mentioned in
the Request for Proposal (RFP) and the purchase order.

22. In December 2024, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) imposed _______________
monetary penalty on Reliance Securities Limited for violating market regulations and
stockbroker norms.
1) Rs 4 lakh
2) Rs 5 lakh

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3) Rs 7 lakh
4) Rs 9 lakh
5) Rs 10 lakh
Answer- 4) Rs 9 lakh
Explanation:
The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) imposed a Rs 9 lakh monetary penalty on
Reliance Securities Limited (RSL) for violating market regulations and stockbroker norms.
• The penalty follows a thematic inspection conducted by SEBI and exchanges NSE and BSE,
which reviewed the company’s books of accounts, records, and documents from April 2022 to
December 2023.
• The inspection also found that RSL allegedly failed to maintain required order placement
records for offline clients mapped to its authorised persons (APs), namely Jitendra Kambad
and Naitik Shah.

23. Where is the headquarters of National Bank for Financing Infrastructure Development
(NaBFID) located?
1) New Delhi, Delhi
2) Hyderabad, Telangana
3) Bengaluru, Karnataka
4) Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
5) Mumbai, Maharashtra
Answer- 5) Mumbai, Maharashtra
Explanation:
About National Bank for Financing Infrastructure Development (NaBFID):
The Government of India (GoI) has notified the NaBFID as a public financial institution under the
Companies Act, 2023 in September 2024.
Chairman – KV Kamath
Headquarters – Mumbai, Maharashtra
Established – 2021

24. Who is the current (as of December ‘24) Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Commonwealth
Bank of Australia (CBA)?
1) Masatsugu Asakawa
2) Dilma Rousseff
3) Tadashi Maeda
4) Matt Comyn
5) Nadia Calviño
Answer- 4) Matt Comyn
Explanation:
About Commonwealth Bank of Australia (CBA):
Chief Executive Officer (CEO)- Matt Comyn
Headquarters- Sydney, Australia
Established- 1911

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25. Which payment company's share sale has been recently (in December ‘24) approved by
One97 Communications Singapore, a subsidiary of One97 Communications, Paytm's parent
company?
1) SoftPay Corporation
2) Rakuten Pay Services
3) PayPay Corporation
4) NipponPay Corporation
5) TokyoPay Solutions
Answer- 3) PayPay Corporation
Explanation:
One 97 Communications Limited (OCL) that owns the brand Paytm, announced that its wholly-owned
subsidiary, One97 Communications Singapore Private Limited (Paytm Singapore), has approved the
sale of its shareholding in PayPay Corporation, a payments firm which operates in Japan.
• The value of the deal is reportedly pegged at USD 250 million although the company did not
voluntarily disclose the deal size on the exchanges.
• Earlier in October 2024, Paytm had released its fiscal second quarter earnings with profit at Rs
928.30 crore, in comparison to a loss of Rs 290.50 crore during the corresponding quarter of
previous financial year.
• PayPay is a payments services company based in Japan. It is a joint venture between SoftBank
and Yahoo Japan, with Paytm as a technology partner.

26. Which company has recently (in December ‘24) raised Rs 6,252 crore through the issuance
of bonds with different maturities?
1) REC Limited
2) Jio Financial Services Limited
3) Bajaj Holdings & Investment Limited
4) Power Finance Corporation
5) Power Grid Corporation of India Limited
Answer- 4) Power Finance Corporation
Explanation:
Power Finance Corporation (PFC) raised Rs 6,252 crore through the issuance of bonds with
varying maturities. The company issued Rs 3,200 crore in 15-year bonds, offering a coupon rate of
7.11%, and Rs 3,052 crore in 10-year bonds, with a coupon rate of 7.10%.
• The PFC issuance has resulted in coupon rates tightening by 10 to 15 basis points, with the
secondary yield at 7.23%.
• It has seen coupons tighten by 10–15 basis points, with the secondary yield at 7.23%, reflecting
robust demand. This strong interest is driven by long-term investors such as large insurance
companies and pension funds, aligning with their asset-liability management (ALM) needs.

27. Which exchange was recently (in December ‘24) permitted by Securities and Exchange
Board of India (SEBI) to exit the exchange market after its recognition was withdrawn over two
years ago?
1) National Commodity and Derivatives Exchange
2) Indian Commodity Exchange
3) Multi Commodity Exchange of India

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4) Bombay Stock Exchange
5) National Stock Exchange
Answer- 2) Indian Commodity Exchange
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) permitted the Indian
Commodity Exchange (ICEX) to exit the exchange market after its recognition was withdrawn over
two years ago. The exchange met all necessary regulatory standards to achieve this.
• The regulator has directed ICEX to comply with its tax obligations under the Income Tax Act,
1961, change its name and not to use the expression "stock exchange" and maintain a database
of all transactions on its platform for the previous years among others.
• The exchange also undertook full responsibility for any future financial claims that may arise.

28. Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) has recently (in December ‘24) raised its stake in
Asian Paints from 5% to ______ through open market purchase since January.
1) 10%
2) 9%
3) 8%
4) 7%
5) 6%
Answer- 4) 7%
Explanation:
The Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) has increased its shareholding in Asian Paints from 5%
to more than 7% through open market purchase since January.
• LIC’s stake rose from 6.6% at the end of the September quarter to 7.01%, following open
market purchases made between January 1 and December 9, 2024.
• The insurer acquired 1.93 crore additional shares at an average price of Rs 2,891.25 each,
raising its total holdings to Rs 6.72 crore shares.

29. When was RBL Bank Limited established?

1) 1933
2) 1936
3) 1943
4) 1946
5) 1949
Answer- 3) 1943
Explanation:
About RBL Bank Limited:
Managing Director (MD) & Chief Executive Officer (CEO)- R Subramaniakumar
Headquarters– Mumbai, Maharashtra
Established– 1943
Tagline– apno ka bank

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30. Which bank has recently (in December ‘24) launched its first ‘Retail Assets Centre’ (RAC) at
JP Nagara in Bengaluru to enhance its Retail Banking Services?
1) RBL Bank
2) Federal Bank
3) IndusInd Bank
4) City Union Bank
5) Karnataka Bank
Answer- 5) Karnataka Bank
Explanation:
Karnataka Bank has announced the launch of its first Retail Assets Centre (RAC) at JP Nagara,
Bengaluru to enhance its Retail Banking Services and provide a more streamlined, customer-focused
approach to its loan and financial products.
• A centralized RAC will be established across key business locations, integrating functions like
Business Coordination, Credit Underwriting, Sanctions, Operations, Disbursements, and Post-
Disbursement Services to meet the rising demand for Retail Loan products.

31. Where is the headquarters of the World Bank (WB) located?

1) Geneva, Switzerland
2) Tokyo, Japan
3) Toronto, Canada
4) London, the United Kingdom
5) Washington, DC, United States of America
Answer- 5) Washington, DC, United States of America
Explanation:
About World Bank (WB):
President – Ajay Banga
India’s Director – Auguste Tano Kouame
Headquarters – Washington, DC, The United States of America (USA)
Established – 1944

32. When was IDFC First Bank Limited established?

1) 2015
2) 2016
3) 2018
4) 2019
5) 2021
Answer- 3) 2018
Explanation:
About IDFC First Bank Limited:
Managing Director (MD) and Chief Executive Officer (CEO)- V. Vaidyanathan
Headquarters- Mumbai, Maharashtra
Established- 2018
Tagline- Always You First

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33. Which company has recently (in December ‘24) partnered with Magma HDI General
Insurance Company to expand financial access in emerging India?
1) Aditya Birla Finance
2) Bajaj Finance
3) Shriram Finance
4) Mahindra Finance
5) Muthoot Finance
Answer- 4) Mahindra Finance
Explanation:
Mahindra Finance, one of India’s leading non-banking financial companies (NBFCs), is set to bring
tailored general insurance solutions to its extensive customer base through a new partnership with
Magma HDI General Insurance Company.
• This partnership aims to enhance financial security for Mahindra Finance customers through
customised insurance solutions and collaboration with Magma HDI to provide innovative
general insurance products.

34. According to the Global Trade Update recently (in December ‘24) published by the United
Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), Global trade is set to hit a historic
__________________ in 2024.
1) USD 22 trillion
2) USD 25 trillion
3) USD 28 trillion
4) USD 33 trillion
5) USD 36 trillion
Answer- 4) USD 33 trillion
Explanation:
In December 2024, Global trade is set to reach a record USD 33 trillion in 2024 according to the latest
Global Trade Update by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), USD 1
trillion increase over 2023 reflecting 3.3% annual growth, highlights resilience in global trade despite
persistent challenges.
• Robust growth in services trade, up 7% for the year, accounted for half of the expansion, while
goods trade rose 2% but remained below its 2022 peak.
• Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and apparel trade surged, with increases of
13% and 14%, respectively, in the third quarter 2024. This growth underscores the potential
for diversification and entry into value-added industries.

35. In December 2024, Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) pared its stake in iron-ore
producer NMDC Limited by _____.
1) 1%
2) 2%
3) 3%
4) 4%
5) 5%
Answer- 2) 2%

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Explanation:
State-owned insurer Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) has pared its stake in iron-ore producer
NMDC Limited by 2%. After the stake sale, LIC's holding in the state-run iron ore mining company
NMDC has dropped to 5.6% from 7.6% earlier.
• The insurer sold more than 5.91 crore shares or 2% stake in NMDC through a series of market
sales over a period spanning from September 2023 to December 2024.

36. Where is the headquarters of Manappuram Finance Limited located?

1) Jaipur, Rajasthan
2) Bengaluru, Karnataka
3) Chennai, Tamil Nadu
4) Thrissur, Kerala
5) Hyderabad, Telangana
Answer- 4) Thrissur, Kerala
Explanation:
About Manappuram Finance Limited:
Managing Director (MD) & Chief Executive Officer (CEO) – V.P. Nandakumar
Headquarters – Thirissur, Kerala
Incorporated – 1992

37. Which bank has recently (in December ‘24) celebrated its 30th anniversary by launching
Customized My Stamps in partnership with India Post?
1) ICICI Bank
2) HDFC Bank
3) Axis Bank
4) IndusInd Bank
5) Federal Bank
Answer- 4) IndusInd Bank
Explanation:
IndusInd Bank celebrates its 30th anniversary, reflecting on three transformative decades at the
forefront of technological advancements and digital innovations, shaping the future of banking in
India.
• The Bank announced its partnership with India Post to launch the Customized My Stamp to
mark this important milestone. The Department of Post, Government of India will be releasing
the sheets of these Customized My Stamps.
• The Customized My Stamps marks an important initiative in the Bank's journey and its role in
driving innovation and customer-focused solutions in the financial sector.

38. Which bank has recently (in December ‘24) has launched a “FEMA (Foreign Exchange
Management Act) Centre of Excellence” proposition to help clients navigate and comply with
the dynamic regulatory environment and enhance efficiencies?
1) DBS Bank
2) Barclays
3) Deutsche Bank
4) World Bank

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5) Standard Chartered Bank
Answer- 5) Standard Chartered Bank
Explanation:
Standard Chartered Bank, India, has launched a “FEMA (Foreign Exchange Management Act) Centre
of Excellence” proposition to help clients navigate and comply with the dynamic regulatory
environment and enhance efficiencies.
• Bank introduced a self-service capability to optimise the cross-border payments journey for its
clients where a document repository for initiating outward remittances from India is available
on Straight2Bank (S2B), which is Standard Chartered’s fully integrated internet banking digital
platform.

39. In December 2024, ICICI Bank’s Board of Directors approved the proposal to divest a ________
stake in ICICI Merchant Services Private Limited (IMSPL).
1) 129%
2) 13%
3) 18%
4) 19%
5) 21%
Answer- 4) 19%
Explanation:
ICICI Bank’s Board of Directors approved the proposal to divest a 19% stake in ICICI Merchant
Services Private Limited (IMSPL), an associate of the Bank, subject to receipt of requisite approvals.
• The sale is expected to raise between Rs 160 crore and Rs 190 crore for ICICI Bank. First Data
Holdings, a global leader in electronic payments, will be the buyer.
After completing the transaction, IMSPL will no longer be considered an associate company of ICICI
Bank. Pending regulatory approvals, the sale is expected to be completed by June 30, 2025

40. Where is the headquarters of Bajaj Allianz General Insurance Company Limited located?
1) Pune, Maharashtra
2) Bengaluru, Karnataka
3) Chennai, Tamil Nadu
4) Kolkata, West Bengal
5) New Delhi, Delhi
Answer- 1) Pune, Maharashtra
Explanation:
About Bajaj Allianz General Insurance Company Limited:
It is a joint venture between Bajaj Finserv Limited and German company Allianz SE, the world’s
leading insurer. In May 2001, it received the Certificate of Registration (COR) from the Insurance
Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) to operate in India.
Managing Director (MD) and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) – Tapan Singhel
Headquarters – Pune, Maharashtra

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 CA STATIC GK
1. Who was recently (in November ‘24) appointed as the next High Commissioner of India to
the Republic of Maldives?
1) Santhosh Jha
2) G. Balasubramanian
3) Gopal Baglay
4) Muna Mahawar
5) Shilpak Ambule
Answer- 2) G. Balasubramanian
Explanation:
On 25th November 2024, G. Balasubramanian, a 1998 Indian Foreign Service Officer, has been
appointed as the next High Commissioner of India to the Republic of Maldives.
• He is presently serving as the High Commissioner of India to the Federal Republic of Nigeria.
• He will replace Muna Mahawar, who assumed the charge as the High Commissioner of India to
Maldives on November 10, 2021.

2. Which Indian City has recently (in November ‘24) inaugurated the world's first all-women
bus depot ‘Sakhi Depot’?
1) Chennai, Tamil Nadu
2) Pune, Maharashtra
3) Hyderabad, Telangana
4) Ahmedabad, Gujarat
5) New Delhi, Delhi
Answer- 5) New Delhi, Delhi
Explanation:
On 16th November 2024, Delhi Transport Minister Kailash Gahlot inaugurated the world's first all-
women bus depot 'Sakhi Depot' in Sarojini Nagar, New Delhi, Delhi. This initiative features an entirely
female workforce, including drivers, conductors, and other staff.
• It is part of a broader vision to create a more inclusive and gender-equal work environment.
• The Sakhi Depot employs 223 women, comprising 89 drivers and 134 conductors, operating a
fleet of 70 buses, including 40 air-conditioned and 30 non-air-conditioned buses, that serve 17
routes across Delhi.

3. Which of the following agreements is ‘not’ identified in AS Bhasin’s book “Negotiating India’s
Landmark Agreements”?
1) India-China Agreement on Tibet (1954)
2) Shimla Agreement (1972)
3) Indo-Bangladesh Land Boundary Agreement (2015)
4) India-Sri Lanka Accord (1987)
5) India-United States Civil Nuclear Energy Agreement (2008)
Answer- 3) Indo-Bangladesh Land Boundary Agreement (2015)

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Explanation:
A S Bhasin, in his book "Negotiating India's Landmark Agreements," identifies five significant
bilateral agreements involving India.
• These include the India-China Agreement on Tibet (1954), Indo-Soviet Treaty of Peace,
Friendship and Cooperation (1971), Shimla Agreement (1972), India-Sri Lanka Accord (1987),
and India-United States Civil Nuclear Energy Agreement (2008).

4. Which Indian actor has recently (in November ‘24) became the brand ambassador for
Ramraj Cotton?
1) Shah Rukh Khan
2) Abhishek Bachchan
3) Kamal Haasan
4) Jayaram
5) Chiranjeevi
Answer- 2) Abhishek Bachchan
Explanation:
Ramraj Cotton, leading traditional and ethnic wear brand has announced popular Bollywood actor
Abhishek Bachchan as its brand ambassador, as it aims to strengthen its footprint in the traditional
wear segment.
• Bachchan's appeal and connection with audiences across age groups make him the ideal
representative for Ramraj's extensive collection, including dhotis, shirts and kurtas.

5. Who was recently (in November ‘24) appointed as the next High Commissioner of India to
the Gabonese Republic?
1) Sanjay Kumar Verma
2) Abhilasha Joshi
3) Shambu S. Kumaran
4) V.S.D.L. Surendra
5) Vikram Doraiswami
Answer- 4) V.S.D.L. Surendra
Explanation:
On 28th November 2024, V.S.D.L. Surendra, an Indian Foreign Service Officer, has been appointed as
the next High Commissioner of India to the Gabonese Republic.
• VSDL Surendra served as the First Secretary and Commercial Representative at the Embassy of
India in Warsaw, Poland

6. Where is the headquarters of the International Cooperative Alliance (ICA)?

1) New South Wales, Australia
2) Penang, Malaysia
3) Zürich, Switzerland
4) Gurugram, Haryana
5) Brussels, Belgium
Answer- 5) Brussels, Belgium

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Explanation:
About International Cooperative Alliance (ICA):
The International Cooperative Alliance (ICA) is a non-governmental cooperative organization founded
in 1895.
President– Ariel Guarco
Headquarters– Brussels, Belgium

7. What is the capital of Armenia?

1) Yerevan
2) Ankara
3) Tehran
4) Sevan
5) Gyumri
Answer- 1) Yerevan
Explanation:
About Armenia:
Prime minister (PM)- Nikol Pashinyan
President- Vahagn Khachaturyan
Capital- Yerevan
Currency- Armenian Dram (AMD)

8. Who is the current (as of November ‘24) Lieutenant General of National Cadet Corps(NCC)?
1) Sanjeev Kumar
2) Gurbirpal Singh
3) Monika Mittal
4) Vikrant Prasher
5) Geeta Singh Rathore
Answer- 2) Gurbirpal Singh
Explanation:
About National Cadet Corps(NCC):-
Lieutenant General – Gurbirpal Singh, AVSM, VSM
Headquarters – New Delhi,Delhi,
Established Year – 1948

9. In which state Kanan Pendari Zoological Garden is located?

1) Nagaland
2) Jharkhand
3) Maharashtra
4) Chhattisgarh
5) Uttar Pradesh
Answer- 4) Chhattisgarh
Explanation:
About Chhattisgarh:
Governor– Ramen Deka

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Chief Minister (CM)– Vishnu Deo Sai
Zoological Parks– Kanan Pendari Zoological Garden

10. Which organization has recently (in November ‘24) unveiled the NASA-inspired trophy for
the 32-team Club World Cup 2025?
1) Fédération Internationale de Football Association
2) National Aeronautics and Space Administration
3) All India Football Federation
4) Union of European Football Associations
5) Asian Football Confederation
Answer- 1) Fédération Internationale de Football Association
Explanation:
Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) has unveiled the NASA-inspired golden
trophy created in collaboration with Tiffany & Co. for the expanded 32-team Club World Cup.
• With a 24-carat gold-plated finish, the trophy will be lifted by the winners of the tournament in
the United States in 2025.
• The trophy’s design draws inspiration from NASA’s Voyager missions and space exploration,
symbolizing football's evolution and global unity.

11. Who was recently (in November ‘24) appointed as the Brand Ambassador of Pickleball?
1) Neeta Lulla
2) Mandira Bedi
3) Sabyasachi Mukherjee
4) Catherine Parenteau
5) Anna Leigh Waters
Answer- 2) Mandira Bedi
Explanation:
The All India Pickleball Association (AIPA) announced Mandira Bedi as the Brand Ambassador of
Pickleball.
• Mandira embodies the passion and energy that AIPA aims to bring to Pickleball in India.
• Her involvement is expected to inspire a broader audience to take up the sport, especially
women.

12. Name the Mobile Application (app) that was recently (in November ‘24) launched to
strengthen the fight against doping in sports, urging athletes, coaches, and the entire sporting
community to embrace the National Anti-Doping Agency (NADA).
1) Athlete's Guide
2) Clean Sports India
3) Anti-Doping Partner
4) Fair Play Check
5) Know Your Medicine
Answer- 5) Know Your Medicine
Explanation:
Union Minister for Youth Affairs & Sports, Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya, has launched a nationwide
appeal to strengthen the fight against doping in sports, urging athletes, coaches, and the entire

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sporting community to embrace the National Anti-Doping Agency (NADA) India's ‘Know Your
Medicine (KYM)’ app.
• This innovative tool aims to empower athletes with critical information, helping them avoid
inadvertent doping and maintain fair play.

13. Which platform has recently (in November ‘24) partnered with Urban Company to
empower women salon and beauty parlour owners?
1) Mahila e-Haat
2) Stand-Up India
3) Self Employed Women’s Association
4) Women Entrepreneurship Platform
5) National Small Industries Corporation
Answer- 4) Women Entrepreneurship Platform
Explanation:
Niti Aayog's Women Entrepreneurship Platform (WEP) has partnered with Urban Company to
empower women salon and beauty parlour owners.
• WEP, under its award-to-reward initiative, launched the pilot to support women MSMEs to
scale up their businesses in the beauty and wellness sector.
• Women entrepreneurs will be offered training across six key ecosystem needs, including
skilling, legal and compliance, access to finance, market, and business development services,
along with mentorship and networking.

14. Which Indian Naval Sailing Vessel's all-women crew was recently (in November ‘24)
honoured by Western Australia's Parliament for undertaking a global circumnavigation
expedition?
1) INSV Mhadei
2) INSV Tarini
3) INS Vajra
4) INS Sudarshini
5) INS Vikramaditya
Answer- 2) INSV Tarini
Explanation:
Western Australia's Parliament felicitated the all-women crew of the Indian Naval Sailing Vessel
(INSV) Tarini, which is undertaking a global circumnavigation expedition.
• The event celebrated the achievement of the two-member crew, comprising Lieutenant
Commander Dilna K and Lieutenant Commander Roopa A, who were present at the ceremony.
• Their vessel is a part of the expedition named Navika Sagar Parikrama II, which has made
Fremantle, a prominent port city in Western Australia, its first port of call.

15. Who will be hosting the 97th Oscar awards in 2025?

1) Amy Schumer
2) Colman Domingo
3) Conan O’Brien
4) Andrew Rannells
5) Jimmy Kimmel

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Answer- 3) Conan O’Brien
Explanation:
The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences has announced that beloved comedian Conan
O’Brien will host the 97th Oscars, marking his first time emceeing Hollywood’s most anticipated
awards night.
• The ceremony will take place at the Dolby Theatre in Hollywood, California on March 2nd
2025, and will air live on ABC in over 200 territories worldwide.
• O’Brien has previously hosted the Emmys in 2002 and 2006 and the MTV Movie Awards in
2014.

16. Who is the current (as of November ‘24) Chairman of the Airport Authority of India?
1) Vipin Kumar
2) D C Sharma
3) Rubina Ali
4) Padam Lal Negi
5) Agnishwar Jayaprakash
Answer- 1) Vipin Kumar
Explanation:
About the Airport Authority of India:
The Airports Authority of India (AAI) is a government-owned statutory organization under the
Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA).
Chairman – Vipin Kumar
Established – 1995
Headquarters – New Delhi, Delhi

17. Where was the 4th Ministerial High-level Global Conference on Antimicrobial Resistance
(AMR) held in November 2024?
1) Dhaka, Bangladesh
2) Muscat, Oman
3) New York, USA
4) Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
5) Hague, Netherlands
Answer- 4) Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Explanation:
Union Minister of State for Health and Family Welfare, Anupriya Singh Patel addressed the 4th
Ministerial High-level Global Conference on Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) in Jeddah, Saudi
Arabia.
• The theme of the conference was ‘From Declaration to Implementation – Accelerating Actions
Through Multisectoral Partnerships for the Containment of AMR’.
• Highlighting India's "One Health" approach and advocating for collaboration across human,
animal, plant health, and environmental sectors.

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18. Which organisation has recently (in November ‘24) collaborated with the Ministry of
Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) and Ikigai Law, organized a stakeholder
consultation on Safety and Ethics in Artificial Intelligence (AI)?
1) United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
2) United Nations Development Programme
3) United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
4) United Nations Industrial Development Organization
5) International Telecommunication Union
Answer- 3) United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
Explanation:
On 14 November, 2024, the UNESCO South Asia Regional Office, in collaboration with the Ministry of
Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) and Ikigai Law as the implementing partner,
organized a stakeholder consultation on Safety and Ethics in Artificial Intelligence (AI) at UNESCO
House, New Delhi, Delhi.
• This event marked the launch of a series of five consultations under the AI Readiness
Assessment Methodology (RAM), an initiative by UNESCO and MeitY aimed at crafting an India-
specific AI policy report.

19. Which company has recently (in November ‘24) won the SAP ACE Award 2024 for Best
Financial Transformation?
1) GAIL (India) Limited
2) NTPC Limited
3) Indian Oil Corporation
4) Oil and Natural Gas Corporation
5) Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited
Answer- 1) GAIL (India) Limited
Explanation:
GAIL (India) Limited has achieved notable recognition and the company has won the SAP ACE Award
2024 for Best Financial Transformation. This marks the second consecutive year of receiving this
award.
• The award highlights the company's achievement in digitally transforming its trust accounting
process using SAP Treasury and Risk Management (TRM), demonstrating its dedication to
financial innovation and operational excellence.

20. Name the device that was recently (in November ‘24) developed by scientists at IIT Bombay
to detect harmful pollutants in water?
1) AquaSense
2) AroTrack
3) HydroScan
4) WaterShield
5) CleanWave
Answer- 2) AroTrack

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Explanation:
Researchers at Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT Bombay) have introduced AroTrack, an
economical and portable device to accurately detect harmful pollutants such as phenol or benzene in
water.
• This device aims to transform water quality monitoring, especially in rural and underserved
regions and costs below Rs 5,000.
• Operates efficiently in water temperatures up to 50°C, providing results in 30 minutes.

21. Which organisation has recently (in November ‘24) signed an MoU with the Research
Society for the Study of Diabetes in India (RSSDI) to advance quality and consistency of
diabetes care in India?
1) National Accreditation Board for Certification Bodies
2) National Board for Quality Promotion
3) International Standard for Quality Management Systems
4) National Accreditation Board for Hospitals and Healthcare Providers
5) National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories
Answer- 4) National Accreditation Board for Hospitals and Healthcare Providers
Explanation:
National Accreditation Board for Hospitals and Healthcare Providers (NABH), a constituent body
of Quality Council of India (QCI), signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Research
Society for the Study of Diabetes in India (RSSDI) to advance quality and consistency of diabetes care
in India through the use of robust clinical and digital health standards.
• The MoU will leverage the distinctive capabilities of NABH to drive national quality
certification and accreditation programs and RSSDI’s expertise in developing best practice
clinical guidelines for diabetes management and research.
• It will also focus on integrating modern technology and ensuring better management of
diabetes through standardized treatment protocols.

22. Who is the present (as of December ‘24) Prime Minister of Singapore?
1) Indranee Rajah
2) Lawrence Wong
3) Gan Kim Yong
4) Tharman Shanmugaratnam
5) Lee Hsien Loong
Answer- 2) Lawrence Wong
Explanation:
About Singapore:
Prime Minister (PM)– Lawrence Wong
President– Tharman Shanmugaratnam
Capital– Singapore
Currency– Singapore dollar (SGD)

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23. Where is the headquarters of National Consumer Dispute Redressal Commission (NCDRC)
located?
1) Hyderabad
2) Shimla
3) Delhi
4) Kolkata
5) Bangalore
Answer- 3) Delhi
Explanation:
About National Consumer Dispute Redressal Commission (NCDRC):
It is a quasi-judicial commission which was set up in 1988 under the Consumer Protection Act, 1986.
President- Justice Amreshwar Pratap Sahi
Headquarters- New Delhi, Delhi

24. When was the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near
East (UNRWA) established?
1) 1949
2) 1945
3) 1952
4) 1950
5) 1962
Answer- 1) 1949
Explanation:
About the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East
(UNRWA):
Commissioner General – Philippe Lazzarini
Established – 1949
Headquarters – Amman (Jordan) and Gaza (Palestinian Territory)

25. Which state hockey team has recently (in November ‘24) won the 14th Hockey India Senior
Men National Championship 2024?
1) Odisha
2) Haryana
3) Manipur
4) Jharkhand
5) Uttar Pradesh
Answer- 1) Odisha
Explanation:
On 16th November 2024, Odisha won the 14th Hockey India Senior Men National Championship
2024 in its first-ever final appearance by defeating two-time champion Haryana 5-1 in Chennai, Tamil
Nadu.
• Odisha’s gold medal win added a new chapter to its hockey legacy, but for coach Bijay Kumar
Lakra’s young team, its significance extends far beyond the sports field.

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26. Which new maritime shipping route was recently (in November ‘24) activated to boost
maritime ties between India and Russia?
1) Mumbai-Novorossiysk
2) Kolkata-St. Petersburg
3) Chennai-Vladivostok
4) Vizag-Moscow
5) Paradip-Kaliningrad
Answer- 3) Chennai-Vladivostok
Explanation:
The Chennai-Vladivostok maritime corridor, which is likely to boost maritime ties between India
and Russia, is operational now, and container ships carrying crude oil, metal and textile have started
coming to Indian ports.
• India is also exploring the possibility of using this route for shipping coking coal from both
Mongolia and Russia.
• The Chennai-Vladivostok maritime corridor primarily connects India’s southeastern coast to
Russia’s Far East.

27. Where was the giant underwater volcano recently (in November ‘24) discovered?
1) Coast of Alaska
2) Gulf of Mexico
3) Mariana Trench
4) Indian Ocean
5) South Pacific
Answer- 1) Coast of Alaska
Explanation:
Scientists working alongside the U.S. Coast Guard have discovered a 1,640-foot-tall (500 meters)
structure that looks like an underwater volcano off the coast of Alaska, United States of America.
• The structure may be spewing gas, based on data collected from the water above it, but the
scientists still aren't certain. Whether the structure turns out to be a volcano or not, it is 5,250
feet (1,600 m) deep at its shallowest point, meaning it poses no risk to navigation.

28. Which company has recently (in November ‘24) signed an agreement with the Transport
Department of the Government of West Bengal worth Rs 226.18 crore?
1) Cochin Shipyard Limited
2) Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited
3) Goa Shipyard Limited
4) Hindustan Shipyard Limited
5) Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers Limited
Answer- 5) Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers Limited
Explanation:
Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers Limited (GRSE) signed a contract worth approximately Rs
226.18 crore (excluding GST) with the Transport Department of the Government of West Bengal.
• The agreement involves the design, construction, operation, and maintenance of 13 hybrid
electric ferries under the West Bengal Inland Water Transport, Logistics and Spatial
Development Project (WBIWTLSDP).

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 • These vessels will have a catamaran hull design and be built with aluminium and Fiber
Reinforced Polymer (FRP).

29. Coal India Limited (CIL) under the aegis of the Ministry of Coal, has been conferred with
which award?
1) Pollution Control Waste Management & Recycling Award
2) Golden Peacock Occupational Health & Safety Award
3) Environmental Leadership Award
4) Global Water Tech Award
5) Green World Environment Award
Answer- 5) Green World Environment Award
Explanation:
Coal India Limited (CIL) under the aegis of the Ministry of Coal, has been conferred with the
esteemed Green World Environment Award in the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) category
along with the distinguished title of Green World Ambassador.
• This prestigious international award has been given to CIL for exemplary work in the field of
CSR i.e Thalassemia Bal Sewa Yojna for permanent curative treatment of more than 600
Thalassemia patients through stem cell transplant also known as Bone Marrow Transplant
(BMT).

30. When was the National Cadet Corps (NCC) established?

1) 1943
2) 1946
3) 1947
4) 1948
5) 1949
Answer- 4) 1948
Explanation:
The National Cadet Corps (NCC), established in 1948, is dedicated to developing young citizens with
strong leadership skills, discipline, and a sense of national service.
• The NCC aims to create a pool of organized, trained, and motivated youth who will serve the
nation in various capacities, irrespective of their chosen career paths.
Director General(DG)- Lt. Gen. Gurbirpal Singh
Headquarters – New Delhi, Delhi

31. Where is the National Securities Depository Limited (NSDL) headquartered?

1) Mumbai, Maharashtra
2) West Bengal, Kolkata
3) Hyderabad, Telangana
4) Gangtok, Sikkim
5) New Delhi, Delhi
Answer- 1) Mumbai, Maharashtra
Explanation:
About National Securities Depository Limited (NSDL):
Managing Director (MD) & Chief Executive Officer (CEO)– Vijay Chandok

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Headquarters– Mumbai, Maharashtra
Established– 1996

32. Who is the present (as of December ‘24) Chairman of the United Nations Peacebuilding
Commission (UN-PBC)?
1) Stefan Löfven
2) Vidar Helgesen
3) Sérgio França Danese
4) Philippe Lazzarini
5) Steve Killelea AM
Answer- 3) Sérgio França Danese
Explanation:
About United Nations Peacebuilding Commission (UN-PBC):
Chairman- Sérgio França Danese (Brazil)
Headquarters- New York, the United States of America (USA)
Established – 2005

33. Cambodian ___________ is the currency of Cambodia.

1) Dinar
2) Krone
3) Franc
4) Riel
5) Dollar
Answer- 4) Riel
Explanation:
About Cambodia:
Prime Minister (PM)– Hun Manet
Capital- Phnom Penh
Currency- Cambodian riel (KHR)

34. Where was the inaugural session of the Global Soil Conference 2024 held in November
2024?
1) Gurugram, Haryana
2) New Delhi, Delhi
3) Chennai, Tamil Nadu
4) Mumbai, Maharashtra
5) Hyderabad, Telangana
Answer- 2) New Delhi, Delhi
Explanation:
Union Minister of Agriculture & Farmers’ Welfare and Rural Development Shivraj Singh Chouhan
addressed the inaugural session of the Global Soil Conference 2024 in PUSA, New Delhi.
• The theme of this conference is “Caring Soils Beyond Food Security: Climate change mitigation
& Ecosystem Services”.

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 • He highlighted the government’s proactive efforts to integrate soil health management into
broader climate action policies, underscoring soil’s role in mitigating climate change and
supporting ecosystem services.

35. Which movie has recently (in November ‘24) bagged the best film award at the 38th Leeds
International Film Festival in the United Kingdom?
1) Toxic
2) Thithi
3) The Fable
4) Loveable
5) U Are the Universe
Answer- 3) The Fable
Explanation:
Manoj Bajpayee-starrer “The Fable” has bagged the best film award at the 38th Leeds International
Film Festival in the United Kingdom.
• "The Fable", directed by writer-director Raam Reddy, won the award in the Constellation
Feature Film Competition, which honours the best "new, trailblazing cinema from around the
world".

36. Where was the new Chancery of the Indian Embassy recently (in November ‘24)
inaugurated by External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar?
1) Rome, Italy
2) Tripoli, Libya
3) Brussels, Belgium
4) Vientiane, Laos
5) Buenos Aires, Argentina
Answer- 1) Rome, Italy
Explanation:
On 24th November 2024, External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar inaugurated the new Chancery of
the Indian Embassy in Rome, Italy and praised the historical ties between India and Italy. He noted
that the two maritime nations offer a unique perspective to global affairs.
• He highlighted that the new Chancery will enhance the Embassy’s ability to serve the Indian
community in Italy.

37. Name the OTT platform that was recently (in November ‘24) launched by Prasar Bharati.
1) Aha
2) Voot
3) CSpace
4) BIGFlix
5) Waves
Answer- 5) Waves
Explanation:
On 21th November 2024, On the occasion of World Television Day Prasar Bharati, India’s public
broadcaster launched its own over-the-top (OTT) platform ‘Waves’.

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 • The app, available on Android and iOS, aims to deliver diverse content under the tagline
“Waves – Family Entertainment Ki Nayi Lehar.”
• ‘Waves’ offers content in over 12 languages, including Hindi, English, Marathi, Tamil, and
Assamese, across genres such as infotainment, gaming, education, and shopping.

38. Who has recently (in November ‘24) chosen as the U.S. ambassador to the North Atlantic
Treaty Organization (NATO)?
1) Deb Haaland
2) Matt Whitaker
3) Pam Bondi
4) Merrick Garland
5) Janet Wood Reno
Answer- 2) Matt Whitaker
Explanation:
President-elect Donald Trump says he has chosen former acting Attorney General Matt Whitaker to
serve as U.S. ambassador to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the bedrock Western
alliance that the president-elect has expressed skepticism about for years.
• Whitaker is a former U.S. attorney in Iowa and served as acting attorney general between
November 2018 and February 2019.

39. Which organisation is all set to develop the Maha Kumbh Gram, Tent City at Prayagraj in
2025?
1) World Tourism Organization
2) Travel Agents Association of India
3) Indian Association of Tour Operators
4) Association of Domestic Tour Operators of India
5) Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation Limited
Answer- 5) Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation Limited
Explanation:
Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation Limited (IRCTC) announced that it is all set to
launch the Maha Kumbh Gram, IRCTC Tent City at Prayagraj coinciding with Mahakumbh 2025.
• Maha Kumbh Gram will be a transformative addition to the pilgrimage and tourism landscape
combining luxury accommodation and a cultural immersive experience in a way that
celebrates India's spiritual diversity.
• Objective is to provide an accessible, comfortable and enriching experience for all visitors.

40. Malaysian __________ is the currency of Malaysia.

1) Dollar
2) Riel
3) Dong
4) Baht
5) Ringgit
Answer- 5) Ringgit

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Explanation:
About Malaysia:
Prime Minister (PM)- Anwar bin Ibrahim
Capital- Kuala Lumpur
Currency– Malaysian Ringgit(MYR)

41. Who is the current (as of December ‘24) Chairman of the Competition Commission of
India(CCI)?
1) Rajiv Kumar
2) Ravneet Kaur
3) Narendra Modi
4) Mamidala Jagadesh Kumar
5) Arun Kumar Misra
Answer- 2) Ravneet Kaur
Explanation:
About Competition Commission of India(CCI):
It is a statutory body constituted under Competition Act, 2002.
Chairman- Ravneet Kaur
Headquarters- New Delhi, Delhi
Established- 2003

42. What is the capital of Namibia?

1) Walvis Bay
2) Gaborone
3) Oshakati
4) Windhoek
5) Karasburg
Answer- 4) Windhoek
Explanation:
About Namibia:
President-elect- Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah
Capital- Windhoek
Currency- Namibian Dollar (NAD)

43. When was the International Labour Organisation (ILO) established?

1) 1914
2) 1919
3) 1926
4) 1932
5) 1943
Answer- 2) 1919

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Explanation:
About the International Labour Organisation (ILO):
Director General – Gilbert F. Houngbo
Headquarters – Geneva, Switzerland
Established – 1919

44. What type of test is used in this advanced technology for detecting the HIV genome?
1) Immunoassay Test
2) PCR Test
3) Immunological Test
4) Fluorometric Test
5) ELISA Test
Answer- 4) Fluorometric Test
Explanation:
Researchers have developed an innovative technology to enhance the detection of the HIV genome,
specifically targeting the G-Quadruplex (GQ) structure, a unique four-stranded DNA formation
found in the virus. This new fluorometric test offers a highly reliable diagnostic method, significantly
reducing the risk of false positives in HIV detection.
• The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), a retrovirus responsible for the acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), remains a persistent global threat to human health.
• A team of scientists at Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), has
developed a novel diagnostic technology known as the GQ Topology-Targeted Reliable
Conformational Polymorphism (GQ-RCP) platform.

45. Name the Britain’s former Deputy Prime Minister passed away in November 2024.
1) Alex Salmond
2) John Prescott
3) Harold Macmillan
4) Margaret Thatcher
5) Leonard James Callaghan
Answer- 2) John Prescott
Explanation:
On 21st November 2024, John Prescott, the former Deputy Prime Minister to Britain’s Tony Blair
during his 10 years in government, died at the age of 86. He was born in Wales in 1938.
• Prescott, who served under Blair from 1997 to 2007, was known as a plain-speaking politician
who bridged the divide between the traditional left-wing and the modernisers in the Labour
Party.

46. Which company has recently (in November ‘24) introduced Air View+, an ecosystem-based
solution to help government authorities and people with hyperlocal air quality information?
1) Google
2) Apple
3) Amazon
4) Microsoft
5) Meta

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Answer- 1) Google
Explanation:
Google has introduced Air View+, an ecosystem-based solution to help government authorities and
people with hyperlocal air quality information in Google Maps for users across India. The new feature
comes at a critical time when air pollution in Delhi-NCR has soared to alarming levels.
• Air View+ combines Google’s AI with a network of advanced air quality sensors strategically
deployed across more than 150 Indian cities.

47. Which company has recently (in November ‘24) signed a memorandum of understanding
(MoU) with Britain's INEOS Acetyls International to build and operate a world-scale acetic acid
facility in India?
1) Chambal Fertilisers and Chemicals Limited
2) Hindustan Fertilizer Corporation Limited
3) Fertilizer Corporation of India Limited
4) Indian Farmers Fertilizer Cooperative Limited
5) Gujarat Narmada Valley Fertilizers & Chemicals Limited
Answer- 5) Gujarat Narmada Valley Fertilizers & Chemicals Limited
Explanation:
Gujarat Narmada Valley Fertilizer and Chemicals (GNFC) has entered into a memorandum of
Understanding (MoU) with INEOS Acetyls International, United Kingdom (INEOS) for incorporation
of a Joint Venture Company (JVCo.) in India.
• The MoU is signed to form a JVCo which will carry on the business in relation to construction
and operation of a world scale acetic acid (AA) plant in India.

48. Which state government has recently (in November ‘24) decided to provide a 100%
exemption from road tax and registration fee on purchase of electric vehicles?
1) Kerala
2) Jharkhand
3) Telangana
4) Maharashtra
5) Tamil Nadu
Answer- 3) Telangana
Explanation:
Telangana government announced providing 100% exemption from road tax and registration
fees for electric vehicles (EV) purchased and registered in the state for the initial period of two years
up to December 31, 2026.
• Transport Minister Ponnam Prabhakar said under the Government Order (GO) 41, the new EV
policy will come into place from 18th November 2024. This is aimed at making Hyderabad
pollution-free.

49. When was Cochin Shipyard Limited (CSL) founded?

1) 1936
2) 1943
3) 1958
4) 1966

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5) 1972
Answer- 5) 1972
Explanation:
About Cochin Shipyard Limited (CSL):
Chairman & Managing Director (CMD)- Madhu S. Nair
Headquarters– Kochi, Kerala
Founded– 1972

50. Where is the headquarters of Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI)
situated?
1) Sydney, Australia
2) Solna, Sweden
3) Jakarta, Indonesia
4) London, United Kingdom
5) Geneva, Switzerland
Answer- 2) Solna, Sweden
Explanation:
About Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI):
Director – Dan Smith
Headquarters – Solna, Sweden
Founded – 1966

51. Where is the Blackbuck National Park located?

1) Assam
2) Haryana
3) Rajasthan
4) Gujarat
5) Madhya Pradesh
Answer- 4) Gujarat
Explanation:
About Gujarat:
Chief Minister (CM)- Bhupendra Patel
Governor– Acharya Devvrat
Capital– Gandhinagar
National Park (NP)- Gir National Park, Blackbuck National Park

52. Who is the current (as of December ‘24) Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of National Institute
of Information Technology (NIIT)?
1) Pankaj Jathar
2) Rajesh Gera
3) Pranav Pandya
4) Dr. Prashant Mathur
5) Tummala Srinivasa Kumar
Answer- 1) Pankaj Jathar

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Explanation:
About the National Institute of Information Technology (NIIT)
Chief Executive Officer (CEO) – Pankaj Jathar
Headquarters – Gurugram, Haryana
Established – 1981

53. In November 2024, African Penguin was officially uplisted from Endangered to Critically
Endangered on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List.
Arrange the following in the Chronological order according to the IUCN Red List.
(A) Extinct
(B) Vulnerable
(C) Endangered
(D) Critically Endangered
(E) Near Threatened
1) (B), (E), (C), (D), (A)
2) (E), (B), (D), (C), (A)
3) (C), (E), (B), (D), (A)
4) (E), (B), (C), (D), (A)
5) (D), (C), (B), (E), (A)
Answer- 4) (E), (B), (C), (D), (A)
Explanation:
The International Union for Conservation of Nature [IUCN] has uplisted the African Penguin from
Endangered to Critically Endangered, underscoring the species’ extremely high risk of extinction in
the wild.
• The bird has already lost 97% of its population and could be extinct in less than 4,000 days if
nothing changes.
• Species are classified by the IUCN Red List into nine groups, specified through criteria such as
rate of decline, population size, area of geographic distribution, and degree of population and
distribution fragmentation.
• The nine categories: Not Evaluated (NE): The species has not yet been evaluated against the
criteria.
• Data Deficient (DD): There is inadequate information to assess the species' extinction risk.
• Least Concern (LC): A species is considered to be widespread and abundant, and has a low
risk of extinction in the wild.
• Near Threatened (NT): A species is close to qualifying for a threatened category or is likely to
qualify in the near future.
• Vulnerable (VU): A species is considered to be facing a very high risk of extinction. This could
be due to a rapid population decline of 30–50% over the last 10 years, or a current population
size of fewer than 1,000 individuals.
• Endangered (EN): A species is considered to be facing a very high risk of extinction. This could
be due to a rapid population decline of 50–70% over the last 10 years, or a current population
size of fewer than 250 individuals.
• Critically Endangered (CR): A species is considered to be facing an extremely high risk of
extinction. This could be due to a rapid population decline of 80% or more over the last 10
years, or a current population size of fewer than 50 individuals.

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 • Extinct in the Wild (EW): Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized population
outside its historic range.
• Extinct (EX): No known individuals remaining.

54. Where was Australia’s University of Wollongong (UOW) recently (in November ‘24)
inaugurated its campus in India?
1) New Delhi, Delhi
2) Bengaluru, Karnataka
3) Mumbai, Maharashtra
4) Chennai, Tamil Nadu
5) GIFT City, Gujarat
Answer- 5) GIFT City, Gujarat
Explanation:
Australia’s University of Wollongong (UOW) inaugurated its India campus in Gujarat International
Finance Tech (GIFT) City, Gujarat with the courses of Master of Financial Technology, Master of
Financial Technology (Extension), and a Graduate Certificate in Financial Technology.
• In alignment with its mission to deepen collaboration with Indian organisations, UOW India
announced a strategic partnership with Odoo at the inauguration.
• Odoo, a renowned open-source business software suite, provides tools for CRM, eCommerce,
accounting, and more, ensuring students gain practical, industry-relevant skills.

55. Where was the 43rd India International Trade Fair (IITF) held in November 2024?
1) Thrissur, Kerala
2) New Delhi, Delhi
3) Kolkata, West Bengal
4) Mumbai, Maharashtra
5) Chennai, Tamil Nadu
Answer- 2) New Delhi, Delhi
Explanation:
NITI Aayog Member Dr. V K Paul inaugurated the Health and Family Welfare Ministry’s Health
Pavilion at the 43rd India International Trade Fair 2024 in Bharat Mandapam in New Delhi, Delhi.
• The theme is ‘One Health’ – a comprehensive approach that emphasizes the
interconnectedness of human, animal, plant, and ecosystem health.

56. In which tribal language the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), Odisha office has recently (in
November ‘24) released five booklets to create financial literacy awareness among the tribal
population?
1) Santali
2) Bonda
3) Saura
4) Oram
5) Juanga
Answer- 1) Santali

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Explanation:
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI), Odisha, office has released five booklets in the Santali language to
create financial literacy awareness among the tribal population.
• The booklets were prepared to commemorate 90 years of RBI’s operation in India.
• The RBI has prepared the booklets for school children, farmers, entrepreneurs, self-help
groups and senior citizens with the aim to create awareness about financial products and
services, good financial practices, going digital and consumer protection.

57. Where will India's first night safari take place by December 2026?
1) New Delhi, Delhi
2) Guwahati, Assam
3) Kolkata, West Bengal
4) Mumbai, Maharashtra
5) Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
Answer- 5) Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
Explanation:
The Uttar Pradesh government is developing India’s first night safari in Lucknow by June 26, and
the facility is likely to be ready to welcome visitors in December 2026.
• The night safari will span a 900-acre area within the Kukrail forest, which is designed in the
shape of a maple leaf. The safari will be the world’s fifth night safari.

58. Kuwaiti ________ is the currency of Kuwait.

1) Dirhams
2) Lari
3) Riyal
4) Dinar
5) Rial
Answer- 4) Dinar
Explanation:
About Kuwait:
Emir– Sheikh Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah
Prime Minister (PM)- Sheikh Ahmad Al Abdullah Al Sabah
Capital– Kuwait City
Currency– Kuwaiti Dinar (KWD)

59. Where is the headquarters of the European Space Agency (ESA)?

1) Brussels, Belgium
2) Solna, Sweden
3) Paris, France
4) Bonn, Germany
5) Geneva, Switzerland
Answer- 3) Paris, France
Explanation:
About European Space Agency (ESA):
Director General(DG) – Josef Aschbacher

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Headquarters – Paris, France
Founded – 1975

60. Who is the current (as of December ‘24) Director General(DG) of Food and Agricultural
Organization (FAO)?
1) QU Dongyu
2) Alvaro Lario
3) Abhishek Dev
4) Cindy H. McCain
5) Rudy Rabbinge
Answer- 1) QU Dongyu
Explanation:
About Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO):
Director General(DG) – QU Dongyu
Headquarters – Rome, Italy
Founded – 1945

61. In November 2024, Scientists discovered the mysterious sources that have pumped heat
and kept alive the fiery hot gas around the disc of the ____________________.
1) Andromeda Galaxy
2) Triangulum Galaxy
3) Barnard's Galaxy
4) Whirlpool Galaxy
5) Milky Way Galaxy
Answer- 5) Milky Way Galaxy
Explanation:
Scientists have discovered the source of superhot gas surrounding the Milky Way galaxy. While
earlier studies identified a gaseous halo around the galaxy, recent observations revealed the hotter
gas, emitting faint X-rays and absorbing light from distant quasars.
• Researchers at the Raman Research Institute (RRI), along with collaborators from IIT-Palakkad
and Ohio State University, proposed a new model explaining these phenomena.
• There is more gas than stars in our galaxy. The prevailing, massive gas reserve is the main
source for star formation in our galaxy.

62. Who has recently (in November ‘24) won the gold medal in World Military Championships
under women’s 76 kg category held in Yerevan, Armenia?
1) Jyoti Sihag
2) Priyanka
3) Reetika Hooda
4) Vinesh Phogat
5) Sakshi Malik
Answer- 3) Reetika Hooda
Explanation:
India have clinched a total of seven medals including three Gold, one Silver and three Bronze in
Wrestling at the World Military Championships in Yerevan, Armenia.

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 • India’s Reetika Hooda won gold medal in the women’s 76 kg category, Jyoti Sihag won gold
medal in the women’s 55kg category and Jaideep won gold medal in the Men’s 74 kg Freestyle
category.
• Subedar Sharwan bagged the silver medal in the men’s 70 kg Freestyle. Bronze category medal
holders in the Men’s category include Shubham in the 57 kg Freestyle and Chandermohan in
the 79 kg Freestyle.
• Priyanka bagged the bronze in the 68 Kg Women’s category. This marked the first time India
sent a women's contingent to the championships.

63. In November 2024, Sony Pictures Networks India (SPNI) had bagged the media rights for all
Asian Cricket Council (ACC) tournaments from _______________.
1) 2024 to 2031
2) 2025 to 2030
3) 2026 to 2030
4) 2024 to 2032
5) 2025 to 2035
Answer- 1) 2024 to 2031
Explanation:
The Asian Cricket Council (ACC) announced that Sony Pictures Networks India (SPNI), a part of
Japan’s Sony Group Corporation, had bagged the media rights for all ACC tournaments from 2024 to
2031.
• The deal includes broadcasting and digital rights for all ACC tournaments over the next eight
years.
• SPNI was the only company to bid for the rights, as JioStar, the other competitor, opted out of
the e-auction. Star India was the previous media rights holder for the ACC media rights from
2016 to 2023.

64. Name the Former Supreme Court judge who passed away in November 2024.
1) M Y Eqbal
2) Fali S Nariman
3) K.S. Puttaswamy
4) Harjit Singh Bedi
5) Chinnappa Reddy
Answer- 4) Harjit Singh Bedi
Explanation:
Former Supreme Court judge Harjit Singh Bedi passed away at the age of 78 in Chandigarh. He was
born on September 5, 1946 in Shimla, Himachal Pradesh.
• Justice Bedi was appointed as Chief Justice of the Bombay High Court in 2006 and elevated to
the Supreme Court in 2007, where he served until his retirement in 2011.

65. Which Indian women’s cricketer has been honored by the Cricket Association of Bengal
(CAB) with a stand named after her at Eden Gardens, Kolkata, West Bengal?
1) Mithali Raj
2) Jhulan Goswami
3) Mamatha Maben

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4) Smriti Mandhana
5) Harmanpreet Kaur
Answer- 2) Jhulan Goswami
Explanation:
The Cricket Association of Bengal (CAB) has dedicated a stand at Eden Gardens stadium to legendary
women’s cricketer Jhulan Goswami. The Block B gallery of Eden Gardens will be renamed in honour
of the former Indian women’s team captain.
• Jhulan becomes the third person to have a stand named after her at this iconic cricket venue in
Kolkata, following former BCCI and ICC President Jagmohan Dalmiya and former Indian captain
Sourav Ganguly.
• Goswami ended her career featuring in 12 Tests, 204 ODIs, and 68 T20Is, claiming 355 wickets
across formats.

66. Which state will host the Khelo India Youth Games 2025 in April?
1) Uttarakhand
2) Madhya Pradesh
3) Tamil Nadu
4) Bihar
5) Haryana
Answer- 4) Bihar
Explanation:
Bihar will host the Khelo India Youth Games (KIYG) 2025 in April next year. A flagship event of the
Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports, Bihar will be a new addition to the Khelo India map of the
country.
• For the first time and in the lines of the Summer Olympics, the Khelo India Para Games (KIPG)
will also be held in Bihar. There will be a gap of 10 to 15 days between KIYG and KIPG.

67. Which product from West Godavari district in Andhra Pradesh has recently (in November
‘24) received the Geographical Indications (GI) tag?
1) Girijan Honey
2) Crochet Craft
3) Kondapalli Bommallu
4) Venkatagiri Sarees
5) Srikalahasthi Kalamkari
Answer- 2) Crochet Craft
Explanation:
West Godavari district collector Chadalavada Nagarani received the Geographical Indication (GI) Tag
certificate for the traditional crochet lace craft of Narsapuram, Andhra Pradesh, from Union Minister
for Textiles Giri Raj Singh in New Delhi.
• She credited the skilled efforts of Narsapuram's lace artisans for securing the GI certification
from the Central Government.
• This recognition aims to reignite interest in these exquisite handmade lace products, driving
the local industry.

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68. When was the Indian Navy (IN) established?
1) 1947
2) 1950
3) 1963
4) 1974
5) 1996
Answer- 2) 1950
Explanation:
About Indian Navy (IN):
Chief of Naval Staff (CNS)– Admiral Dinesh K Tripathi
Headquarters- New Delhi, Delhi
Established-1950

69. Who is the current (as of December ‘24) Director General (DG) of United Nations
Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)?
1) Philemon Yang
2) Audrey Azoulay
3) Rebeca Grynspan
4) Catherine M. Russell
5) Zurab Pololikashvili
Answer- 2) Audrey Azoulay
Explanation:
About United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO):
Director General (DG)- Audrey Azoulay
Headquarters– Paris, France
Established– 1945

70. When was Adani Aerospace and Defence Limited established?

1) 2004
2) 2002
3) 2014
4) 2017
5) 2012
Answer- 4) 2017
Explanation:
About Adani Aerospace and Defence Limited:
Chief Executive Officer (CEO)– Ashish Rajvanshi
Headquarters– Ahmedabad, Gujarat
Established-2017

71. Where is the headquarters of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) located?
1) Montreal, Canada
2) Geneva, Switzerland
3) Paris, France
4) Rome, Italy

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5) The Hague, Netherlands
Answer- 1) Montreal, Canada
Explanation:
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO):
It is funded and directed by 193 national governments, known as member states to support their
diplomacy and cooperation in air transport as signatory states to the Chicago Convention (1944).
Secretary-General: Juan Carlos Salazar Gomez
Headquarters: Montreal, Canada

72. Which organisation has recently (in December ‘24) hosted the 14th Asia-Oceania
Meteorological Satellite Users’ Conference (AOMSUC-14) in New Delhi, India?
1) India Meteorological Department
2) National Center for Seismology
3) World Meteorological Organization
4) National Institute of Ocean Technology
5) Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology
Answer- 1) India Meteorological Department
Explanation:
The 14th Asia-Oceania Meteorological Satellite Users’ Conference (AOMSUC-14) held from 4th to 6th
December 2024, in New Delhi, India. The conference is hosted by the India Meteorological
Department (IMD), Ministry of Earth Sciences.
• It featured presentations, panel discussions and a training workshop focused on applying
current satellite data for meteorological and climatological applications.
• The conference aims to achieve international coordination and capacity building in the field of
Satellite Meteorology.

73. Where was the News 9 Global Summit held in November 2024?
1) Vienna, Austria
2) Stuttgart, Germany
3) Brussels, Belgium
4) Strasbourg, France
5) Washington, DC, USA
Answer- 2) Stuttgart, Germany
Explanation:
The Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi addressed the News 9 Global Summit in Stuttgart,
Germany, through video conference. This summit is an addition of a new chapter to the Indo-German
Partnership.
• The theme of this summit is “India-Germany: A Roadmap for Sustainable Growth.”
• Indo-German Strategic Partnership marks 25 years in 2024, making this year a historic and
special milestone for the partnership.

74. Name the microbe which causes disease in sesame fields of Midnapore, West Bengal.
1) Citrus canker
2) Rhizoctonia solani
3) Alternaria sesami

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4) Candidatus Phytoplasma
5) Fusarium oxysporum
Answer- 4) Candidatus Phytoplasma
Explanation:
Researchers have identified a new microbe called Candidatus Phytoplasma that is responsible for a
peculiar disease that has been affecting the sesame fields of Midnapore in West Bengal. The microbe is
a cell wall lacking Mollicutes bacteria.
• Researchers discovered that the phloem sucker bacterium that lives in the stomach of pests
like leafhoppers and plant-hoppers is the cause of this serious illness.
• These bacteria thrive in the nutrient-rich phloem and sieve cells of plants.
• The transmission of these pathogens takes place primarily through phloem feeder insects
(leafhoppers, plant-hoppers, psyllids, and dodders), which infect many commercially valuable
crops like Catharanthus, tobacco, maize, and grapevine.
• The manifestations of the disease are disfigurement and virescence of the floral parts, giving a
leafy appearance.

75. When was the Trade and Economic Partnership Agreement (TEPA) between India and the
four-nation European bloc (EFTA) signed?
1) January 2024
2) March 2024
3) June 2024
4) September 2024
5) November 2024
Answer- 2) March 2024
Explanation:
Commerce Secretary Sunil Barthwal has visited Norway to discuss the possibility of an early
implementation of a free trade agreement between India and the four-nation European bloc EFTA.
The Trade and Economic Partnership Agreement (TEPA) was signed in March 2024.
• The visit was also aimed at unlocking the large market in European Free Trade Association
(EFTA) countries for Indian exports of goods and services and pushing for early
implementation of USD 100 billion investment.

76. Which institute has recently (in November ‘24) organised the 11th edition of the
International Sustainability Conference (SUSCON-XI)?
1) IIM Calcutta
2) IIM Bangalore
3) IIM Kozhikode
4) IIM Lucknow
5) IIM Shillong
Answer- 5) IIM Shillong
Explanation:
The Indian Institute of Management (IIM) Shillong organised the 11th edition of the International
Sustainability Conference (SUSCON XI) centred on the theme ‘Climate Positive World’.
• The event was supported by GAIL India Ltd and Numaligarh Refinery Ltd as Industry Sponsors,
while the IIMS Journal of Management Science served as the Publication Partner.

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 • SUSCON has evolved into a global platform for dialogue over the past 15 years, uniting
stakeholders from academia, industry, government and civil society.

77. Where is the headquarters of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
(UNFCCC) located?
1) Nairobi, Kenya.
2) New York, USA
3) Bonn, Germany
4) Vienna, Austria
5) Geneva, Switzerland
Answer- 3) Bonn, Germany
Explanation:
About United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
Executive Secretary – Simon Stell
Headquarters– Bonn, Germany
Founded – 1992
Members – 198

78. Where is the headquarters of Asian Cricket Council (ACC) located?

1) Dhaka, Bangladesh
2) New Delhi, India
3) Lahore, Pakistan
4) Kabul, Afghanistan
5) Colombo, Sri Lanka
Answer- 5) Colombo, Sri Lanka
Explanation:
About Asian Cricket Council (ACC):
The Asian Cricket Council (ACC), established in 1983, is an organization dedicated to promoting and
developing the sport of cricket in Asia. It operates as a subordinate body to the International Cricket
Council (ICC).
Chairman– Shammi Silva (Sri Lanka)
Headquarters– Colombo, Sri Lanka

79. Who is the current (as of December ‘24) Director General(DG) of the European Space
Agency (ESA)?
1) Josef Aschbacher
2) Michael Schoellhorn
3) Gwynne Shotwell
4) XU Hongliang
5) Bill Nelson
Answer- 1) Josef Aschbacher
Explanation:
About European Space Agency (ESA):
Director General(DG)- Josef Aschbacher
Headquarters- Paris, France

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Establishment– 1975
Members- 22

80. Which country currently (as of December ‘24) holds the Chairmanship of SAARC (South
Asian Association for Regional Cooperation)?
1) India
2) Nepal
3) Maldives
4) Bangladesh
5) Afghanistan
Answer- 2) Nepal
Explanation:
About the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC):
SAARC comprises 3% of the world’s land area, 21% of the world’s population and 5.21% (USD 4.47
trillion) of the global economy, as of 2021.
Secretary-General – Md. Golam Sarwar (Bangladesh)
SAARC Chairmanship – Nepal
Secretariat – Kathmandu, Nepal
Established – 1985

81. Which metro station in Chennai, Tamil Nadu was recently (in November ‘24) renamed to
honour the Indian Army?
1) Anna Nagar Tower
2) Vadapalani
3) Little Mount
4) Nanganallur Road
5) New Washermanpet
Answer- 4) Nanganallur Road
Explanation:
Nanganallur Road Metro station has been officially renamed as OTA (Officers Training Academy)
Nanganallur Road Metro station, in a major step towards acknowledging the role of the Indian
Army.
• This renaming pays tribute to the contribution of the armed forces which have been a
cornerstone in shaping and securing the future of the country.

82. Name the South African writer and poet who passed away in November 2024.
1) Eusebius McKaiser
2) Breyten Breytenbach
3) Fatima Sydow
4) Nick Wood
5) Alice Munro
Answer- 2) Breyten Breytenbach
Explanation:
Breyten Breytenbach, a South African writer, poet and activist passed away at the age of 85 in Paris,
France. He was born in the Western Cape province, South Africa on 16 September 1939.

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 • Mr. Breytenbach was a celebrated wordsmith and often called the greatest living poet writing
in Afrikaans.
• His works are “To be an Afrikaner is a political definition”, “It is a blight and a provocation to
humanity” and “The True Confessions of an Albino Terrorist,”

83. Who is the current (as of December ‘24) Chairman of British Broadcasting Corporation
(BBC)?
1) Sir Mark Thompson
2) Sumner Redstone
3) Gracia Martore
4) Samir Shah
5) Raghav Bahl
Answer- 4) Samir Shah
Explanation:
About British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC):
Chairman- Samir Shah
Headquarters- London, the United Kingdom (UK)
Established- 1922

84. What is the capital of Iran?

1) Tehran
2) Yerevan
3) Ankara
4) Santiago
5) Riyadh
Answer- 1) Tehran
Explanation:
About Iran:
President- Masoud Pezeshkian
Capital- Tehran
Currency- Iranian Rial (IRR)

85. Who is the current (as of December ‘24) President of the United Nations Human Rights
Council (UNHRC)?
1) Volker Türk
2) Omar Zniber
3) Filippo Grandi
4) Anacláudia Rossbach
5) Catherine M. Russell
Answer- 2) Omar Zniber
Explanation:
About the United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC):
UNHRC is an intergovernmental body within the UN system, consisting of 47 members, with the
mission to promote and protect human rights worldwide.
President– Omar Zniber

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Headquarters– Geneva, Switzerland
Established – 2006

86. Where was the 12th Edition of the International Tourism Mart (ITM) held from 26 to 29
November 2024?
1) Aizawl, Mizoram
2) Kaziranga, Assam
3) Kohima, Nagaland
4) Shillong, Meghalaya
5) Imphal, Manipur
Answer- 2) Kaziranga, Assam
Explanation:
Union Minister for Tourism and Culture Gajendra Singh Shekhawat inaugurated the 12th Edition of
the International Tourism Mart (ITM) held in Kaziranga, Assam from 26th to 29th November 2024.
• It was organized by the Ministry of Tourism, Government of India, designed to highlight the
tourism potential of the North Eastern region for both domestic and international audiences.
• This event serves as a vital platform, bringing together tourism businesses and entrepreneurs
from the eight North Eastern States to foster collaboration and interactions among buyers,
sellers, media, government agencies, and other stakeholders.

87. Who has recently (in November ‘24) won the Under-8 World Cadets Chess Championship?
1) Divith Reddy
2) Sattwik Swain
3) Ziming Guo
4) Rajabov Abdurahmon
5) Aiden Linyuan Li
Answer- 1) Divith Reddy
Explanation:
Eight-year-old Divith Reddy of Hyderabad, Telangana, has won the Under-8 (U-8) World Cadets
Chess Championship in Montesilvano, Italy. He currently has a FIDE rating of 1784.
• He secured 9 out of the possible 11 points in the U-8 World Cadets Chess Championship and
was tied with fellow Indian Sattwik Swain and the Chinese Ziming Guo.
• Due to a better tie-break score, he was awarded the gold medal, Sattwik Swain the silver medal,
and the Chinese Ziming Guo got the bronze medal.

88. Who has recently (in November ‘24) sworn in as the Member of Parliament (MP) in Lok
Sabha from Wayanad, Kerala?
1) Bhagwanth Khuba
2) Kesineni Srinivas
3) Dayanidhi Maran
4) Priyanka Gandhi Vadra
5) G. Kishan Reddy
Answer- 4) Priyanka Gandhi Vadra

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Explanation:
Congress leader Priyanka Gandhi Vadra took oath as the Member of Parliament (MP) in Lok Sabha
from Wayanad, Kerala joining forces with brother and Leader of Opposition, Rahul Gandhi and mother
Sonia Gandhi.
• She won the Wayanad Lok Sabha seat with a margin of 4,10,931 votes in the round of bypolls,
which took place alongside Maharashtra and Jharkhand Assembly elections 2024.

89. Sumant Batra was recently (in November ‘24) honored with Global Restructuring Review
(GRR) Award 2024 in London for his remarkable contributions in which field?
1) Corporate Law
2) Insolvency Law
3) Taxation Law
4) Bankruptcy Law
5) Intellectual Property Law
Answer- 2) Insolvency Law
Explanation:
Renowned Insolvency Lawyer Sumant Batra has been honored with Global Restructuring Review
(GRR) Award 2024 in London for his remarkable contributions in Insolvency Law.
• He has played a pivotal role in the enactment and execution of India’s Insolvency and
Bankruptcy Code, 2016 (IBC).
• His leadership in organizations like INSOL International has advanced cross-border insolvency
practices globally.

90. Which Indian Institute of Technology has recently (in November ‘24) introduced a
groundbreaking innovation in stealth technology with its Anālakṣhya Metamaterial Surface
Cloaking System (MSCS) to make objects almost invisible to radar?
1) IIT Delhi
2) IIT Madras
3) IIT Kanpur
4) IIT Guwahati
5) IIT Roorkee
Answer- 3) IIT Kanpur
Explanation:
IIT Kanpur has introduced a groundbreaking innovation in stealth technology with its Anālakṣhya
Metamaterial Surface Cloaking System (MSCS). This cutting-edge system is designed to make objects
almost invisible to radar, offering significant advancements in defence and national security.
• Developed by a team of researchers and students from IIT Kanpur, the Anālakṣhya MSCS is a
textile-based broadband metamaterial microwave absorber.
• Its unique capability lies in its ability to absorb radar waves across a wide spectrum, rendering
Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imaging ineffective.

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91. In November 2024, National Anti-Doping Agency suspended wrestler Bajrang Punia for
______________ after he refused to provide his sample for dope test in March 2024 during selection
trials for the national team.
1) Seven years
2) Six years
3) Five years
4) Four years
5) Three years
Answer- 4) Four years
Explanation:
The National Anti-Doping Agency (NADA) suspended wrestler Bajrang Punia for four years for his
refusal to provide his sample for dope test in March 2024 during selection trials for the national team.
• NADA had first suspended the Tokyo Games bronze medallist wrestler in April 2024 for the
offence following which, the World Governing body UWW had also suspended him.
• Bajrang had appealed against the provisional suspension and NADA’s Anti-Disciplinary Doping
panel (ADDP) had revoked it on May 31 2024 till NADA issues the notice of charge.

92. Who has recently (in November ‘24) announced her retirement from international
football?
1) Marta
2) Desiree Scott
3) Alex Morgan
4) Sinead Farrelly
5) Alyssa Naeher
Answer- 5) Alyssa Naeher
Explanation:
United States women’s national team goalkeeper Alyssa Naeher, 36-year-old known for her
unflappable demeanor in the face of pressure, retired from international football.
• She has 113 caps, was the starting goalkeeper as the US won the World Cup in 2019, as well as
Olympic gold in Paris this summer.
• She was the starting goalkeeper for the U.S. team that won the Women’s World Cup in 2019
and the gold medal at the 2024 Paris Olympics in France. She’s the only U.S. goalkeeper to earn
a shutout in both a World Cup and an Olympic final.

93. Where is the Sariska National Park located?

1) Assam
2) Haryana
3) Rajasthan
4) Gujarat
5) Uttarakhand
Answer- 3) Rajasthan
Explanation:
About Rajasthan:
Chief Minister(CM) – Bhajan Lal Sharma
Governor– Haribhau Kisanrao Bagde

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Capital– Jaipur
National Parks – Mukundra Hills National Park, Ranthambore National Park, and Sariska National
Park

94. When was the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) established?
1) 1975
2) 1950
3) 2006
4) 1968
5) 1946
Answer- 5) 1946
Explanation:
About United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF):
Executive Director(ED)- Catherine M Russell
Headquarters- New York, United States of America (USA)
Established-1946

95. Which company has recently (in December ‘24) won the CII-EXIM Bank Award for Business
Excellence 2024?
1) Hindustan Aeronautics Limited
2) Steel Authority of India Limited
3) Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited
4) IFB Automotive Private Limited
5) National Aluminium Company Limited
Answer- 3) Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited
Explanation:
Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL) has won the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) and
the Export Import Bank of India (EXIM Bank) CII-EXIM Bank Award for Business Excellence 2024 for
the second consecutive year.
• This prestigious accolade reaffirms the company’s unwavering commitment to business
excellence, resilience and its ability to adapt to the dynamic business landscape.
• The CII-EXIM Bank Award is based on the internationally recognised European Foundation for
Quality Management (EFQM) excellence model.

96. Which country has recently (in December ‘24) opened its first overseas atmospheric
monitoring station in Antarctica to observe changes on the southern continent and support the
global response to climate change?
1) China
2) India
3) Russia
4) Australia
5) United Kingdom
Answer- 1) China

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Explanation:
China has opened its first overseas atmospheric monitoring station in Antarctica to observe
changes on the southern continent and support the global response to climate change.
• Located in the Larsemann Hills in East Antarctica, the Zhongshan National Atmospheric
Background Station began operating, according to the China Meteorological Administration
(CMA).
• The station will conduct continuous and long-term operational observations of concentration
changes in Antarctic atmospheric components.

97. Which company was recently (in November ‘24) appointed as the national registering
authority and the lead implementing agency by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy?
1) NTPC Limited
2) REC Limited
3) Steel Authority of India Limited
4) Adani Green Energy Limited
5) Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited
Answer- 2) REC Limited
Explanation:
REC Limited has issued a comprehensive guidance framework for vendor operations under the PM
Surya Ghar, Muft Bijli Yojna, to facilitate the seamless implementation of the rooftop solar
programme.
• The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) has designated REC as the national
registering authority and the lead implementing agency for the initiative.
• The framework outlines stringent requirements for vendors, mandating accurate and complete
information during registration, with applications subject to rejection for false details.

98. Solar Energy Corporation of India (SECI) Limited has recently (in December ‘24) bagged the
3rd PSU Transformation Award under which category?
1) Technology Adoption
2) Excellence in Corporate Governance
3) Public Sector Innovation
4) Renewable Energy Expansion
5) Innovative Product Development
Answer- 5) Innovative Product Development
Explanation:
In December 2024, Solar Energy Corporation of India (SECI) Limited under the Ministry of New and
Renewable Energy bagged the 3rd PSU Transformation Award under the “Innovative Product
Development” category for 'Firm and Dispatchable RE (FDRE) Supply to DISCOMs on a Demand
Following Basis'.
SECI has introduced the innovative power supply model of Firm and Dispatchable RE (FDRE) working
with several DISCOMs and States to understand their energy demands and design models that cater to
their renewable power requirement.

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99. Which company is Asia's 2nd largest manufacturer of earth moving equipment?
1) BEML Limited
2) Komatsu Limited
3) Hitachi Limited
4) Sany India
5) Mahindra Construction Equipment
Answer- 1) BEML Limited
Explanation:
About BEML Limited:
BEML is a Schedule ‘A’, Central Public Sector Enterprise (CPSE), Government of India (GoI). It is Asia’s
2nd largest manufacturer of earth moving equipment.
• As of 30 September 2024, the GoI held a 54.03% stake in BEML.
Chairman & Managing Director (CMD)– Shantanu Roy
Headquarters– Bengaluru, Karnataka
Established- 1964

100. Where is the Dudhawa Dam located?

1) Haryana
2) Bihar
3) Maharashtra
4) Chhattisgarh
5) Uttar Pradesh
Answer- 4) Chhattisgarh
Explanation:
About Chhattisgarh:
Chief Minister (CM)– Vishnu Deo Sai
Governor- Ramen Deka
Capital- Raipur
Dams-Dudhawa Dam, Gangrel Dam & Sondur Dam

101. Where was the Ashtalakshmi Mahotsav festival held from 6 to 8 December 2024?
1) New Delhi, Delhi
2) Aizawl, Mizoram
3) Kaziranga, Assam
4) Kohima, Nagaland
5) Shillong, Meghalaya
Answer- 1) New Delhi, Delhi
Explanation:
Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi inaugurated the Ashtalakshmi Mahotsav in New Delhi, Delhi
with a focus on the Northeastern States. Ashtalakshmi Mahotsav is a celebration of a better future for
the Northeast.
• Ashtalakshmi Mahotsav is a three-day cultural festival, being celebrated for the first time from
December 6 to 8 at Bharat Mandapam in New Delhi, Delhi.
• It highlights the vast cultural tapestry of Northeast India, bringing together an array of
traditional arts, crafts, and cultural practices.

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102. Under which initiative the Government of India has recently (in December ‘24) launched
Channel 31 on DTH, dedicated to Indian Sign Language (ISL) training for hearing-impaired
students?
1) E-Samarth
2) PM e-VIDYA
3) BharatNet
4) Vidyanjali
5) Swayam
Answer- 2) PM e-VIDYA
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Government of India (GoI) launched Channel 31 on DTH, dedicated to Indian
Sign Language (ISL) training for hearing-impaired students, special educators, interpreters, and
relevant organizations.
• This initiative aligns with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, which calls for promoting
and standardising ISL across India to create a more inclusive educational environment. NEP
also emphasizes the respect and inclusion of local sign languages.

103. Which airport has recently (in December ‘24) achieved Level 2 Airport Customer
Experience Accreditation from Airports Council International (ACI)?
1) Chennai International Airport, Tamil Nadu
2) Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport, Maharashtra
3) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel International Airport, Gujarat
4) Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose International Airport, West Bengal
5) Lokpriya Gopinath Bordoloi International Airport, Assam
Answer- 5) Lokpriya Gopinath Bordoloi International Airport, Assam
Explanation:
The Lokpriya Gopinath Bordoloi International Airport (LGBIA) in Guwahati, Assam has achieved
level 2 of the Airports Council International (ACI) Airport Customer Experience accreditation.
• This airport in Guwahati has become the first airport in Northeast India to achieve Level 2 of
the Airports Council International (ACI) Airport Customer Experience Accreditation.
• The airport is managed by AdAirport Holdings Limited, a subsidiary of Adani Enterprises
Limited.

104. Who has recently (in December ‘24) named the 2024 Major League Soccer (MLS) Most
Valuable Player?
1) Lionel Messi
2) Hany Mukhtar
3) Luciano Acosta
4) Ian Murphy
5) Carles Gil
Answer- 1) Lionel Messi
Explanation:
Lionel Messi was named the 2024 Landon Donovan MLS Most Valuable Player in the Major Soccer
League (MLS) at the end of what was his first full season with Inter Miami.

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 • He scored 20 goals and chipped in 16 assists in 19 league matches in his first full season,
helping the south Florida club win the 2024 Supporters' Shield trophy with a record 74 points.

105. Where is the Sahnewal Airport located?

1) Madhya Pradesh
2) Uttarakhand
3) Punjab
4) Assam
5) Haryana
Answer- 3) Punjab
Explanation:
About Punjab:
Capital-Chandigarh
Chief Minister (CM)- Bhagwant Singh Mann
Governor- Gulab Chand Kataria
Airports– Sri Guru Ram Dass Ji International Airport, Bathinda Airport, Sahnewal Airport

106. Where is the headquarters of the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) located?
1) Florida, United States of America
2) London, United Kingdom
3) Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
4) Brussels, Belgium
5) Lausanne, Switzerland
Answer- 1) Florida, United States of America
Explanation:
About Women’s Tennis Association (WTA):
Chairman & Chief Executive Officer (CEO)– Portia Archer
Headquarters- Florida, the United States of America (USA)
Established- 1973

107. When was TIME Magazine founded?

1) 1969
2) 1956
3) 1943
4) 1936
5) 1923
Answer- 5) 1923
Explanation:
About TIME Magazine:
Chief Executive Officer (CEO)– Jessica Sibley
Headquarters- New York, United States of America (USA)
Created in- 1923

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108. Who is the current (as of December ‘24) President of Asian Cricket Council (ACC)?
1) Jay Shah
2) Shammi Silva
3) Imran Khwaja
4) Pankaj Khimji
5) Arun Singh Dhumal
Answer- 2) Shammi Silva
Explanation:
About Asian Cricket Council (ACC):
President– Shammi Silva
Headquarters – Colombo, Sri Lanka
Founded – 1983, New Delhi

109. Who is the current (as of December ‘24) Governor of Himachal Pradesh (HP)?
1) Rajendra Arlekar
2) Gulab Chand Kataria
3) Bandaru Dattatraya
4) Shiv Pratap Shukla
5) Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu
Answer- 4) Shiv Pratap Shukla
Explanation:
About Himachal Pradesh (HP):
Chief Minister (CM)- Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu
Governor– Shiv Pratap Shukla
Capital– Shimla (Summer), Dharamshala (Winter)
National Parks (NP)- Pin Valley NP, Khirganga NP

110. In which state President Droupadi Murmu has recently (in December ‘24) laid the
foundation for six projects including three new railway lines, worth a total of Rs 6,400 crore?
1) Odisha
2) Assam
3) Punjab
4) Bihar
5) Kerala
Answer- 1) Odisha
Explanation:
In December 2024, President Droupadi Murmu laid foundation stones for six projects including
three railway projects, a Tribal Research and Development Centre, Dandbose airport and a new sub-
divisional hospital in Rairangpur of Mayurbhanj district, Odisha at a total cost of Rs 6,400 crore.
• Three new railway line projects in north Odisha on the routes are Badampahar-Kendujhargarh,
Bangiriposi-Gorumahisani, and Buramara-Chakulia.
• Odisha is getting benefitted from the 'Purvodaya' vision of the Central Government, the
development of the entire region is getting accelerated through various welfare schemes on
education, skill development, health, tourism and transportation.

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111. Which among the words is chosen as the Word of the Year 2024 by Dictionary.com?
1) Extreme weather
2) Manifest
3) Resilience
4) Demure
5) Delulu
Answer- 4) Demure
Explanation:
Demure was chosen as Dictionary.com’s Word of the Year 2024. Demure is traditionally used to
describe the reserved, quiet, or modest person. However, a new interpretation has emerged on social
media, characterizing someone as refined and sophisticated.
• In 2024, the usage of “demure” saw a significant increase, especially after TikTok star Jools
Lebron popularized the phrase “very demure, very mindful” in a series of videos posted to the
platform in early August 2024.

112. In December 2024, the Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI) developed
technology for the captive breeding of which two valuable marine ornamental fishes?
1) Clownfish and Mandarin Fish
2) Azure Damsel and Ornate Goby
3) Moorish Idol and Royal Gramma
4) Banggai Cardinalfish and Flame Angelfish
5) Blue Tang and Coral Beauty
Answer- 2) Azure Damsel and Ornate Goby
Explanation:
In December 2024, the Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI) developed technology for
captive breeding of two high-value marine ornamental fishes, Azure Damsel and Ornate Goby.
• Both species are in high demand due to their beauty, vibrant colours, and captivating aquarium
behaviour. Azure damsel is a reef-associated fish with bright blue and deep yellow colours.
• This is over-exploited from its natural habitat, and is now considered under the vulnerable
category. A marketable-sized (5-8 cm) fish costs around Rs250 in India.

113. Which documentary has recently (in December ‘24) won the 2024 Asian Academy
Creative Awards in Singapore?
1) Apartment 404
2) Deane’s Dynasty
3) The Hunt for Veerappan
4) Master or Guest
5) An Exchange on China
Answer- 3) The Hunt for Veerappan
Explanation:
Netflix India’s documentary The Hunt for Veerappan bagged a win at the 2024 Asian Academy
Creative Awards in Singapore. First-time docu director Selvamani Selvaraj secured the award for
Best Direction (Non-Fiction) for the film, marking a huge achievement for the film and the nation.
• The Hunt for Veerappan is produced by Apoorva Bakshi and Monisha Thyagarajan, founders of
Awedacious Originals, and Kimberley Hassett.

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 • The four-part series, released in 2023, delves into the 17-year manhunt for the notorious
smuggler and brigand Veerappan, who was shot dead in 2004 by a Special Task Force of Tamil
Nadu Police.

114. Where was Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel’s 11-ft tall statue recently (in December ‘24)
unveiled by Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation Amit Shah?
1) Kevadia, Gujarat
2) New Delhi, Delhi
3) Pune, Maharashtra
4) Bengaluru, Karnataka
5) Jodhpur, Rajasthan
Answer- 5) Jodhpur, Rajasthan
Explanation:
Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation Amit Shah unveiled an 11-ft tall statue of Sardar
Vallabhbhai Patel in Jodhpur, Rajasthan. On this occasion, Union Minister Gajendra Singh
Shekhawat and many other dignitaries were present.
• The statue, weighing 1,100 kgs, is mounted on an 8-ft pedestal and stands as a tribute to the
rarely seen contribution that Sardar Patel brought to India’s unity and governance.
• Amit Shah said that for decades, Sardar Patel’s sacrifices, vision, and achievements were
underpriced. He mainly pointed out Patel’s pivotal role in integrating more than 556 princely
states into one Indian Union.

115. In December 2024, Astronomers from the Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA) spotted
far ultraviolet (FUV) emissions from novae for the first time in the _____________________.
1) Andromeda Galaxy
2) Triangulum Galaxy
3) Barnard's Galaxy
4) Whirlpool Galaxy
5) Milky Way Galaxy
Answer- 1) Andromeda Galaxy
Explanation:
Astronomers from the Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA), Bengaluru, have detected ultraviolet
emissions from 42 novae for the first time in the neighbouring Andromeda galaxy.
• The ultraviolet emissions from novae are a special class of transient astronomical event that
causes the sudden appearance of a bright, apparently new star that slowly fades over weeks or
months, during their outburst.
• Astronomers identified far-ultraviolet emissions from novae in the Andromeda Galaxy, the
closest neighbour to the Milky Way. Novae are transient astronomical events where a star
rapidly brightens and gradually fades.

116. Where is the headquarters of Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) located?

1) New Delhi, Delhi
2) Mumbai, Maharashtra
3) Bengaluru, Karnataka
4) Chennai, Tamil Nadu

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5) Kolkata, West Bengal
Answer- 3) Bengaluru, Karnataka
Explanation:
About Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL):
Chairman and Managing Director(CMD) – Dr. D. K. Sunil
Headquarters – Bengaluru, Karnataka
Established – 1940

117. Who is the current (as of December ‘24) Chairman of Air India Limited?
1) Dr. D. K. Sunil
2) Ashish Rajvanshi
3) Dr. Venkataramani Sumantran
4) Natarajan Chandrasekaran
5) Pawan Kumar Chandana
Answer- 4) Natarajan Chandrasekaran
Explanation:
About Air India Limited:
Chairman– Natarajan Chandrasekaran
Headquarters– New Delhi, Delhi
Founded– 1932

118. When was China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASC) established?
1) 1999
2) 1996
3) 1994
4) 1991
5) 1985
Answer- 1) 1999
Explanation:
About China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASC):
President- Zhang Zhongyang
Headquarters– Beijing, China
Established- 1999

119. Under which act the Government of India established the Bureau of Energy Efficiency
(BEE)?
1) Renewable Energy Act, 2013
2) Energy Conservation Act, 2001
3) Environment Protection Act, 1986
4) National Green Tribunal Act, 2010
5) Factories Act, 1948
Answer- 2) Energy Conservation Act, 2001
Explanation:
About the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE):
The Government of India established the BEE on 1st March 2002, under the provisions of the Energy

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Conservation Act, 2001.
Director General – Dr Srikant Nagulpalli
Headquarters – New Delhi, Delhi

120.In which state Lonar Lake is located?

1) Maharashtra
2) Madhya Pradesh
3) Rajasthan
4) Gujarat
5) Karnataka
Answer: 1) Maharashtra
Explanation:
In December 2024, Maharashtra prepared a proposal to nominate “Lonar Lake”, a unique meteor-
impact site and cultural landmark, for UNESCO World Heritage status to promote its conservation,
attract tourism, and gain global recognition.

121.Which state of the United States (US) declared to observe December 6 as “ A Day of
Remembrance for Mahatma Gandhi”?
1) Nebraska
2) California
3) Texas
4) New York
5) Illinois
Answer: 1) Nebraska
Explanation:
On December 6, 2024, a bust of Mahatma Gandhi was unveiled at the Nebraska State Capitol, with
Governor Jim Pillen declaring the day as “A Day of Remembrance for Mahatma Gandhi” to honor
his principles of non-violence, tolerance, and justice, highlighting their importance in modern times.

122. In which state Jewar Airport is located?

1) Haryana
2) Uttar Pradesh
3) Rajasthan
4) Madhya Pradesh
5) Punjab
Answer: 2) Uttar Pradesh
Explanation:
In December 2024, Union Aviation Minister Ram Mohan Naidu oversaw the first validation flight
landing at Jewar Airport, praising the team's efforts and highlighting the airport's expected 2025
opening as a world-class facility with one runway and a terminal designed to handle 12 million
passengers annually, showcasing Uttar Pradesh's cultural heritage.

123. Where was the 4th edition of the India Internet Governance Forum (IIGF) held?
1) New Delhi, Delhi
2) Mumbai, Maharashtra

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3) Bengaluru, Karnataka
4) Hyderabad, Telangana
5) Pune, Maharashtra
Answer: 1) New Delhi, Delhi
Explanation:
In December 2024, Minister of State Jitin Prasada, Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology
(MoE&IT), inaugurated the 4th India Internet Governance Forum (IIGF) at Bharat Mandapam, New
Delhi, Delhi. The event served as a dynamic platform for discussions among policymakers, industry
experts, and civil society on the future of Internet governance, with the theme “Innovating Internet
Governance for India,” emphasizing the country’s dedication to using the Internet for sustainable and
inclusive growth.

124. What was the name of the text-to-video Artificial Intelligence (AI) launched by OpenAI?
1) ChatGPT Turbo
2) Sora Turbo
3) GPT-4 Turbo
4) OpenAI Video
5) Sora AI
Answer: 2) Sora Turbo
Explanation:
In December 2024, OpenAI has launched Sora Turbo, a text-to-video AI, for ChatGPT Plus and Pro
users, marking a significant step in its expansion into multimodal AI technologies.

125.Who was appointed recently (in December ‘24) as the acting secretary of the Board of
Control for Cricket in India (BCCI)?
1) Rahul Dravid
2) Jay Shah
3) Sourav Ganguly
4) Devajit Saikia
5) N Srinivasan
Answer: 4) Devajit Saikia
Explanation:
In December 2024, Devajit Saikia, a former Assam cricketer, has been appointed as the acting
secretary of the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI), taking over from Jay Shah, who has
recently become the chairman of the International Cricket Council (ICC). The appointment was made
by BCCI president Roger Binny, using his constitutional authority.

126. Where is the Buddhist pilgrimage site “Lumbini” located?

1) India
2) Sri Lanka
3) Bhutan
4) Bangladesh
5) Nepal
Answer: 5) Nepal

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Explanation:
In December 2024, Lumbini, the revered birthplace of Lord Buddha, hosted the second edition of the
India-Nepal Cultural Festival. The event celebrated the cultural heritage shared by India and Nepal,
focusing on their Buddhist traditions. Organized by the Indian Embassy in Nepal in partnership with
the Lumbini Development Trust, the festival highlighted the long-standing historical and spiritual ties
between the two countries.

127. Who is the current (as of December ‘24) Director General (DG) of the Food and
Agricultural Organization (FAO)?
1) Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala
2) Rafael Mariano Grossi
3) Antonio Guterres
4) Qu Dongyu
5) Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus
Answer: 4) Qu Dongyu
Explanation:
About the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO):
Director-General (DG)- Qu Dongyu
Headquarters Rome, Italy
Established – 1945

128. In which state is the Salient Valley National Park located?

1) Madhya Pradesh
2) Kerala
3) Haryana
4) Bengaluru
5) Rajasthan
Answer: 2) Kerala
Explanation:
About Kerala:
Chief Minister (CM) - Pinarayi Vijayan
Governor - Arif Mohammed Khan
National Parks - Silent Valley National Park, Pampadum Shola National Park Wildlife Sanctuaries -
Chimmony Wildlife Sanctuary, Aralam Wildlife Sanctuary

129. Where is the headquarters of Fitch Ratings Inc located?

1) New York, the United States of America (USA)
2) London, the United Kingdom (UK)
3) Paris, France
4) Tokyo, Japan
5) Frankfurt, Germany
Answer: 1) New York, the United States of America (USA)
Explanation:
About Fitch Ratings Inc:
President- Ian Linnell

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Headquarters- New York, the United States of America (USA)

130. Who is the current (as of December ‘24) Chief Minister (CM) of Arunachal Pradesh?
1) Nitish Kumar
2) Himanta Biswa Sarma
3) Pema Khandu
4) Nara Chandrababu Naidu
5) Atishi Marlena
Answer: 3) Pema Khandu
Explanation:
About Arunachal Pradesh:
Chief Minister (CM) - Pema Khandu
Governor - Kaiwalya Trivikram Parnaik
National Parks - Namdapha National Park, Mouling National Park
Wildlife Sanctuaries - Mehao Wildlife Sanctuary, Itanagar Wildlife Sanctuary

131. Which dictionary platform chose the word ‘Enshittification’ as the Word of the Year 2024?
1) Merriam-Webster
2) Cambridge Dictionary
3) Collins Dictionary
4) Dictionary.com
5) Macquarie Dictionary
Answer- 5) Macquarie Dictionary
Explanation:
The word ‘enshittification’ has been crowned Macquarie Dictionary’s word of the year 2024. It
means “the gradual deterioration of a service or product brought about by a reduction in the quality of
service provided, especially of an online platform, and as a consequence of profit-seeking.” In short,
any deterioration of products and services online is termed as enshittification.
• Many people use enshittification to talk about the changes on various social media platforms
particularly when applications or websites become worse due to companies’ pursuit of
increased profits.

132. In December 2024, Asia’s first _____________ museum was located in Vadodara. It has earned
a spot in the Guinness World Records for two remarkable achievements.
1) Medical
2) Dental
3) Surgical
4) Veterinary
5) Psychiatric
Answer- 2) Dental
Explanation:
Asia’s first dental museum, the Dr. Chandarana Dental Museum, located in Vadodara, Gujarat. It has
earned a spot in the Guinness World Records for two remarkable achievements.
• It holds the records for the largest collection of toothbrushes (2,371) and the largest display of
toothbrushes.

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 • The museum is now equipped with the world's first animatronic talk show on oral health, a
teeth orchestra, along with augmented reality (AR), and AI-based dental scan.

133. In December 2024, Indian clean energy firms will be required to use solar photovoltaic
(PV) modules from cells made locally by a government-approved list of companies
from___________.
1) June 2025
2) July 2025
3) June 2026
4) July 2026
5) May 2026
Answer- 3) June 2026
Explanation:
Indian clean energy firms will be required to use solar photovoltaic (PV) modules from cells made
locally by a government-approved list of companies from June 2026, in a move to curb imports from
top supplier China.
• The government plans to increase its non-fossil fuel capacity to 500 gigawatts (GW) by 2030
from about 156 at present.
• Currently, India has a solar PV module-making capacity of about 80 gigawatts, while its cell-
making capacity is slightly more than 7 GW, with companies largely relying on Chinese cells to
make modules.

134. Who has been recently (in December ‘24) named as tennis ambassador of Saudi Arabia’s
Public Investment Fund (PIF)?
1) Rafael Nadal
2) Matteo Berrettini
3) Novak Djokovic
4) Jannik Sinner
5) Yara Alhogbani
Answer- 2) Matteo Berrettini
Explanation:
Saudi Arabia’s Public Investment Fund (PIF) has named Matteo Berrettini as its tennis ambassador,
a role in which the Italian will aim to help nurture the next generation of players and elevate the sport
globally.
• Berrettini, who previously played in Riyadh during the Diriyah Tennis Cup in 2022, would also
promote inclusivity and create opportunities at all levels of the sport.

135. Which country has recently (in December ‘24) chosen as the host for the first ever
Women's T20 World Cup for the Blind 2025?
1) India
2) Sri Lanka
3) Afghanistan
4) Pakistan
5) Bangladesh
Answer- 1) India

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Explanation:
In December 2024, India was chosen as the host for the first ever Women's T20 World Cup for the
Blind scheduled in 2025. It was finalised at the World Blind Cricket Council’s (WBCC) Annual General
Meeting in Multan, Pakistan.
• Pakistan will play its share of matches in next year's inaugural blind women's T20 World Cup
in either Nepal or Sri Lanka after a hybrid model for the event.
• The development comes a few weeks after India withdrew from the men's T20 Blind Cricket
World Cup in Pakistan owing to security concerns.

136. Who is the current (as of December ‘24) President of the Republic of Moldova?
1) Maia Sandu
2) Rumen Radev
3) Klaus Iohannis
4) Alexander Lukashenko
5) Peter Pellegrini
Answer- 1) Maia Sandu
Explanation:
About Republic of Moldova:
President – Maia Sandu
Capital– Chișinău
Currency – Moldovan Leu(MDL)

137. Where is the headquarters of Forbes located?

1) Washington, DC, United States of America
2) New Jersey, United States of America
3) Florida, United States of America
4), California, United States of America
5) New York, United States of America
Answer- 2) New Jersey, United States of America
Explanation:
About Forbes:
Chief Executive Officer (CEO)- Mike Federle
Headquarters- New Jersey, the United States of America (USA)
Established- 1917

138. When was Amazon established?

1) 2014
2) 2007
3) 2002
4) 1996
5) 1994
Answer- 5) 1994
Explanation:
About Amazon.com, Inc:
Chief Executive Officer (CEO)– Andy Jassy

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Headquarters- Seattle, Washington, United States of America (USA)
Established- 1994

139. Who is the current (as of December ‘24) Chairman of National Commission for Minorities
(NCM)?
1) Priyank Kanoongo
2) Vijaya Bharathi Sayani
3) Hansraj Gangaram Ahir
4) Iqbal Singh Lalpura
5) Vijaya Kishore Rahatkar
Answer- 4) Iqbal Singh Lalpura
Explanation:
About National Commission for Minorities (NCM)
The National Commission for Minorities (NCM) is a statutory body established by the Government of
India in 1992. It aims to safeguard the rights and interests of religious minorities in India.
Chairman – Iqbal Singh Lalpura
Headquarters – New Delhi, Delhi

140. Who has recently (in December ‘24) hit the record for joint-fastest fifty in the history of
women’s Twenty20 International (T20Is)?
1) Mithali Raj
2) Richa Ghosh
3) Sophie Devine
4) Harmanpreet Kaur
5) Smriti Mandhana
Answer- 2) Richa Ghosh
Explanation:
Richa Ghosh equalled the record for the fastest-ever half century in women’s Twenty20
International (T20Is), smashing a 18-ball fifty against West Indies in the third and final match of the
series in Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra. It is also the quickest fifty scored by an Indian women’s batter in
the shortest format.
• Her knock, and Smriti Mandhana’s half century earlier, powered India to their highest total
ever in women’s T20Is: 217/4. India’s previous best total was 201/5 against UAE at the Asia
Cup in July 2024.

141. Which organization has recently (in December ‘24) partnered with Angkor Tiger Football
Club to build a new football stadium in Siem Reap, Cambodia?
1) Asian Football Confederation
2) JSW Sports Private Limited
3) All India Football Federation
4) SkaSports Investments Private Limited
5) Fédération Internationale de Football Association
Answer- 4) SkaSports Investments Private Limited

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Explanation:
A new football stadium with an Indian connection has opened in Siem Reap, Cambodia, which is
famous for Angkor Wat, UNESCO World Heritage site. SkaSports Investments Private Limited, an
Indian-owned sports business, has partnered with Angkor Tiger Football Club, a Cambodian
Premier League team to build the privately-owned, football-specific stadium with floodlights.
• The stadium aims to work with the Cambodian Football Association and Premier League on
educational courses in an effort to promote football development in Cambodia.

142. In December 2024, Bharati Kolli was recognized as one of the Rising Star Women Leaders
2024 for her contributions to which sector?
1) Banking
2) Agriculture
3) Environment
4) Education
5) Healthcare
Answer- 1) Banking
Explanation:
Bharati Kolli, a 43-year-old woman from Vizianagaram district in Andhra Pradesh (AP), has been
recognized as one of the Rising Star Women Leaders of Banking for 2024 by the renowned
women’s group, Women We Admire. Bharati’s remarkable contribution to the banking sector,
particularly in data management has earned her this prestigious recognition.
• She is serving as the Director of the Data Management Office at the Industrial and Commercial
Bank of China (ICBC), one of the world's largest banks. She is currently working at the New
York headquarters of the ICBC in the United States.

143. Where was HORIBA India’s first Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engine (H2-ICE) Test Bed
Facility inaugurated in December 2024?
1) Bengaluru, Karnataka
2) Hyderabad, Telangana
3) Pune, Maharashtra
4) Chennai, Tamil Nadu
5) Ahmedabad, Gujarat
Answer- 3) Pune, Maharashtra
Explanation:
HORIBA India, a group company of Kyoto based HORIBA Ltd., has inaugurated its first-ever
Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engine (H2-ICE) Test Bed Facility at HORIBA India Technical Center in
Chakan, Pune, Maharashtra.
• This new facility will not only expand the business avenues but would also contribute
significantly to the global vision of achieving carbon neutrality, decarbonization and
sustainability.
• The company has invested a further approx. Rs. 28-30 crores in establishing the H2-ICE Test
Bed Facility, which has an engine testing capacity upto 380KW meeting the Indian commercial
vehicle segment.

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144. What is the currency of the United Kingdom (UK)?
1) Dollar
2) Euro
3) Dirhams
4) Danish Krone
5) Pound Sterling
Answer- 5) Pound Sterling
Explanation:
About the United Kingdom (UK):
Prime Minister (PM) – Keir Starmer
Capital- London
Currency- Pound Sterling (GBP)

145. Who is the current (as of December ‘24) President of Georgia?

1) Irakli Kobakhidze
2) Salome Zourabichvil
3) Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
4) Vahagn Khachaturyan
5) Ilham Aliyev
Answer- 2) Salome Zourabichvil
Explanation:
About Georgia:
President- Salome Zourabichvil
Prime Minister (PM)- Irakli Kobakhidze
Capital- Tbilisi
Currency- Georgian Lari (GEL)

146. Where is the Maneri Dam located?

1) Haryana
2) Bihar
3) Jharkhand
4) Uttarakhand
5) Madhya Pradesh
Answer- 4) Uttarakhand
Explanation:
About Uttarakhand:
Chief Minister (CM)– Pushkar Singh Dhami
Governor- Gurmit Singh
Capital- Dehradun
Dams- Tehri Dam, Tumaria Dam, Maneri Dam

147. Ajay Seth, Economic Affairs Secretary has been recently (in December ‘24) given the
additional charge of which post?
1) Secretary of Commerce
2) Revenue Secretary

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3) Secretary of Expenditure
4) Finance Secretary
5) Secretary of Corporate Affairs
Answer- 2) Revenue Secretary
Explanation:
The Appointment Committee of the Cabinet, headed by Prime Minister Narendra Modi assigned the
additional charge of the post of revenue secretary in the finance ministry to Economic Affairs
Secretary Ajay Seth.
• The Competent Authority has approved the assignment of additional charge of the post of
Secretary, Department of Revenue to Ajay Seth, IAS, Secretary, Department of Economic Affairs,
with immediate effect until the appointment of a regular incumbent or until further orders,
whichever is earlier,

148. Name the artificial intelligence (AI)-powered platform that was recently (in December
‘24) introduced by Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi to discover
molecules that could slow down ageing and promote healthier lives.
1) AgeWell
2) LifeSpan AI
3) AgeXtend
4) YouthAI
5) HealthSpan AI
Answer- 3) AgeXtend
Explanation:
Researchers at Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi (IIIT-Delhi) have introduced
AgeXtend, an artificial intelligence (AI)-powered platform designed to discover molecules that could
slow down ageing and promote healthier lives.
• AgeXtend is a unique platform that uses data from existing anti-ageing molecules to predict
new ones.
• It doesn't just suggest potential candidates but also ensures their safety by checking for toxic
effects and understanding how they work in the body.
• The research findings were published in the Nature Aging journal.

149. Which company has recently (in December ‘24) launched Willow, its latest quantum chip
showcasing significant advancements in quantum computing?
1) Google
2) Amazon
3) Apple
4) Facebook
5) Microsoft
Answer- 1) Google
Explanation:
Google has unveiled its latest quantum chip, Willow, marking a significant breakthrough in quantum
computing. This chip was developed at the quantum lab of the company in Santa Barbara, California.
• The power of the chip can be understood by its capability to solve complex mathematical
problems in only five minutes which will take 10 septillion years for supercomputers to solve.

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 • This advancement paves the way for practical applications in various fields, including drug
discovery and clean energy.

150. Which organisation has recently (in December ‘24) published the Vishnukant Shastri’s
Rachna Sanchayan?
1) Fourth Estate
2) HarperCollins
3) Sahitya Akademi
4) Bloomsbury Publishing
5) Simon & Schuster
Answer- 3) Sahitya Akademi
Explanation:
Union Education Minister Dharmendra Pradhan released Vishnukant Shastri’s Rachna Sanchayan
published by Sahitya Akademi in New Delhi, Delhi.
• During the release, the Minister lauded Vishnukant Shastri’s contribution in advancing Indian
culture, religion, spirituality and literature.
• He also highlighted how the author provided new direction to several individuals, institutions,
and the nation.

151. Prime Minister Narendra Modi released a compendium of complete works of which Tamil
poet and freedom fighter in December 2024?
1) Bharathidasan
2) E.V. Ramasamy
3) Subramania Bharati
4) C. Rajagopalachari
5) V. O. Chidambaram Pillai
Answer- 3) Subramania Bharati
Explanation:
On 11th December 2024, Prime Minister Narendra Modi released the compendium of the complete
works of Tamil poet and freedom fighter Subramania Bharati on his 143rd birth anniversary at an
event in Delhi.
• The collection is titled as 'Kaala Varisayil Bharathi Padaippugal' and is the complete
collected works of Mahakavi Bharathiyar in chronological order. It is collated by Seeni
Viswanathan.

152. Which organization has recently (in December ‘24) signed a Memorandum of
Understanding (MoU) with Delhi Development Authority (DDA) to enhance urban
development in Delhi?
1) Housing and Urban Development Corporation Limited
2) Delhi Metro Rail Corporation
3) Municipal Corporation of Delhi
4) National Housing Bank
5) NITI Aayog
Answer- 1) Housing and Urban Development Corporation Limited

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Explanation:
Housing and Urban Development Corporation Limited (HUDCO) signed a Memorandum of
Understanding (MoU) with Delhi Development Authority (DDA), a statutory body established under
the Delhi Development Act, 1957, to leverage HUDCO's expertise in housing, urban development, and
infrastructure to support DDA's ongoing projects.
• Through this MoU, HUDCO will provide comprehensive capacity-building programs for DDA
officials. These programs will equip DDA personnel with the latest knowledge and skills in
project management, financial planning, and other relevant areas.
• This collaboration is expected to significantly contribute to the development of Delhi's urban
landscape.

153. Who is the current (as of December ‘24) President of the United Nations Human Rights
Council (UNHRC)?
1) Omar Zniber
2) Volker Türk
3) Rebeca Grynspan
4) Catherine M. Russell
5) Anacláudia Rossbach
Answer- 1) Omar Zniber
Explanation:
About the United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC):
President– Omar Zniber
Headquarters – Geneva, Switzerland
Established – 2006
Members– 47 member states

154. In November 2024, Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) signed an extension of __________ of its
contract for SPARSH (System for Pension Administration – Raksha) to streamline pension
distribution for over 30 lakh defence pensioners.
1) 2 years
2) 3 years
3) 4 years
4) 5 years
5) 6 years
Answer- 2) 3 years
Explanation:
Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) has signed a three-year extension of its contract for SPARSH
(System for Pension Administration – Raksha), a government of India initiative to streamline pension
distribution for over 30 lakh defence pensioners. TCS will provide significant system updates in
addition to three years of program hardware and software maintenance.
• TCS started the rollout of pension processing on SPARSH in October 2020, implementing an
integrated, secure, and efficient pension disbursement solution for India’s defence personnel.
• The digital transformation has resulted in significantly reduced pension processing timelines
from 12 to 18 months to just 14 days.

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155. Which company has recently (in December ‘24) selected as the beneficiary of the
Announcement of Opportunity (AO) by the Indian National Space Promotion and Authorization
Center (IN-SPACe)?
1) Larsen & Toubro Limited
2) Adani Defence and Aerospace
3) Tata Advanced Systems
4) Ananth Technologies Limited
5) Hindustan Aeronautics Limited
Answer- 4) Ananth Technologies Limited
Explanation:
Ananth Technologies Limited (ATL) has been selected as the beneficiary of the Announcement of
Opportunity (AO) by the Indian National Space Promotion and Authorization Center (IN-SPACe).
This development marks a pivotal moment for private sector participation in India’s rapidly
expanding space industry and ATL becomes India's first private satellite operator.
• Under the framework of the AO, ATL is now authorized to access Indian Orbital Resources,
enabling them to develop and operate a Geostationary Orbit (GSO) communication satellite.
• The satellite will utilize the Ka-band frequency for high-throughput communication, an
essential resource for meeting India's growing demand for reliable and high-speed satellite
communication.

156. Who has recently (in December ‘24) won the Aster Guardians Global Nursing Award
2024?
1) Archimedes Motari
2) Lilian Nuwabaine
3) Maria Victoria Juan
4) Laarni Conlu Florencio
5) Johnsy Inni
Answer- 3) Maria Victoria Juan
Explanation:
Maria Victoria Juan, a nurse from the Philippines, was declared the winner of the Aster Guardians
Global Nursing Award 2024 and was presented with an award of Rs 2 crore at an award ceremony
held in Bengaluru, Karnataka.
• The Aster Guardians Global Nursing Award was launched by Aster DM Healthcare in 2021,
with an aim to recognize and celebrate the extraordinary contributions of nurses to patients
across the world.
• The 2024 edition of the awards saw an overwhelming participation from 78,000 nurses from
202 countries, marking 50% growth in applications received in 2023.

157. Which state has recently (in December ‘24) recognized as a top destination for heritage
tourism by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)?
1) West Bengal
2) Tamil Nadu
3) Rajasthan
4) Gujarat
5) Kerala

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Answer- 1) West Bengal
Explanation:
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has declared West
Bengal as a top destination for heritage tourism. Chief Minister (CM) Mamata Banerjee asserted how
the tourism sector has created job opportunities for millions of young people in the state.
• State focuses on religious tourism by enhancing iconic places of worship, such as the
Dakshineshwar temple and the Kalighat temple.
• Tourism Minister Indranil Sen added that 2,489 homestays have been established across the
state, with 65% located in North Bengal.

158. Who has recently (in December ‘24) elected to the International Boxing Hall of Fame
(IBHF)?
1) Mike Tyson
2) Manny Pacquiao
3) Canelo Álvarez
4) Oscar De La Hoya
5) Juan Manuel Márquez
Answer- 2) Manny Pacquiao
Explanation:
Manny Pacquiao, who won titles in a record eight weight classes from flyweight to super
welterweight while becoming one of boxing’s biggest draws, was elected to the International Boxing
Hall of Fame.
• The former Filipino senator, who ran for President of the Philippines in 2022, is joined by
Michael Nunn and Vinny Paz in the men's modern boxers category.
• In all, 14 people were selected for the museum in Canastota, New York, through voting by
members of the Boxing Writers Association of America and a panel of international boxing
historians.

159. When was the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT)
established?
1) 1963
2) 1972
3) 1985
4) 1995
5) 1999
Answer- 4) 1995
Explanation:
About the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT)
The DPIIT is a central government department under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry
(MoC&I). It is set to launch Bharat Startup Knowledge Access Registry (BHASKAR) initiative, under
the Startup India program to strengthen India’s startup ecosystem.
Secretary – Amardeep Sing Bhatia
Headquarters – New Delhi
Established – 1995

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160. Where is the headquarters of the International Social Security Association (ISSA) located?
1) Vienna, Austria
2) Geneva, Switzerland
3) Brussels, Belgium
4) Kathmandu, Nepal
5) Berlin, Germany
Answer- 2) Geneva, Switzerland
Explanation:
About The International Social Security Association (ISSA)
The International Social Security Association was founded under the auspices of the International
Labour Organization (ILO).
Founded in – 1927
Secretary General – Marcelo Abi-Ramia Caetano
Headquarters – Geneva, Switzerland.

161. How many member states are currently (as of December ‘24) part of the European Union?
1) 22
2) 23
3) 25
4) 27
5) 28
Answer- 4) 27
Explanation:
About European Union:
The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of 27 member states in Europe:
Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, The Netherlands,
Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain and Sweden
Headquarters- Brussels, Belgium
Established – 1993

162. Where is the Dudhwa National Park situated?

1) West Bengal
2) Andhra Pradesh
3) Uttar Pradesh
4) Karnataka
5) Maharashtra
Answer- 3) Uttar Pradesh
Explanation:
About Uttar Pradesh (UP):
Chief Minister (CM) – Yogi Adityanath
Governor- Anandiben Patel
Capital- Lucknow
National Park (NP) – Dudhwa National Park

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163. Which ministry has recently (in December ‘24) launched the Data User Conference on the
Annual Survey of Industries (ASI) 2022-23?
1) Ministry of Heavy Industries
2) Ministry of Information and Broadcasting
3) Ministry of Commerce and Industry
4) Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution
5) Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation
Answer- 5) Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation
Explanation:
In December 2024, Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) released the
results of the Annual Survey of Industries (ASI) 2022-23 during the Data User Conference in New
Delhi, Delhi.
• ASI serves as a vital tool for policymakers, researchers, and stakeholders to assess the growth,
composition, and structure of the organized manufacturing sector.
• The event highlighted the seven website tables released, showcasing key industrial statistics
for the nation.

164. Where has Google recently (in December ‘24) decided to establish India’s first Google
Safety Engineering Centre (GSEC)?
1) Bengaluru, Karnataka
2) Hyderabad, Telangana
3) Pune, Maharashtra
4) Noida, Uttar Pradesh
5) Chennai, Tamil Nadu
Answer- 2) Hyderabad, Telangana
Explanation:
In December 2024, Google chose Hyderabad to set up Google Safety Engineering Centre (GSEC). The
Telangana government has entered into a ‘strategically-crucial’ and broad ranging partnership with
Google with the company asserting that it is committed to establishing India’s first Google Safety
Engineering Centre (GSEC) in the city.
• It would be the first-of-its-kind in the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region, after Tokyo, and only the fifth
in the world, with similar facilities in Dublin, Munich and Malaga.
• This GSEC is a specialized international cybersecurity hub that will play a vital role in
developing advanced security and online safety products for the Indian context.
• It also aims to foster skill development, boost employment, and enhance cybersecurity
capabilities in India.

165. Which organisation has recently (in December ‘24) hosted the 14th Asia-Oceania
Meteorological Satellite Users' Conference (AOMSUC-14) in New Delhi, Delhi?
1) Indian Space Research Organisation
2) Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
3) India Meteorological Department
4) National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting
5) Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology
Answer- 3) India Meteorological Department

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Explanation:
Dr. Jitendra Singh, Union Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Science and Technology; Earth
Sciences inaugurated the 14th Asia-Oceania Meteorological Satellite Users' Conference (AOMSUC-14)
held from 4th to 6th December 2024, in New Delhi, Delhi. The conference is hosted by the India
Meteorological Department (IMD), Ministry of Earth Sciences.
• He hailed "Mission Mausam" as a transformative initiative set to be a game-changer for India's
weather forecast capabilities India’s approach to climate and weather forecasting.
• He congratulated IMD on its 150th year of establishment, calling it a landmark moment in the
nation’s scientific journey.

166. Who is the author of the book ‘Upanishadic Darshan Bodh’ that was recently (in December
‘24) released by Uttarakhand Chief Minister (CM) Pushkar Singh Dhami?
1) Prakash Suman Dhyani
2) Adi Shankaracharya
3) Nikhilananda
4) Roopa Pai
5) Chinmayananda
Answer- 1) Prakash Suman Dhyani
Explanation:
Uttarakhand Chief Minister (CM) Pushkar Singh Dhami released the book ‘Upanishadic Darshan
Bodh’ written by Prakash Suman Dhyani at the Chief Servant Sadan located at the Chief Minister’s
Camp Office.
• The Upanishads are an invaluable treasure of Indian culture and philosophy, which has shown
the path of knowledge and consciousness to the whole world.
• This book will also inspire everyone for self-development, self-reflection and self-discovery.

167. Which organisation has recently (in December ‘24) released the Social Dialogue Report
evaluates the effectiveness of social dialogue mechanisms globally?
1) Employees' Provident Fund Organisation
2) United Nations Development Programme
3) National Sample Survey Office
4) Quality Council of India
5) International Labour Organisation
Answer- 5) International Labour Organisation
Explanation:
In December 2024, the International Labour Organisation (ILO) released the Social Dialogue Report
that emphasizes the importance of governments protecting fundamental workers' rights, particularly
the freedom of association and the right to collective bargaining.
• According to the report, countries' compliance with freedom of association and collective
bargaining rights declined by 7% between 2015 and 2022. This decline is mainly due to
increased violations of civil liberties and worker and employer bargaining rights.
• It recommended governments to respect labour rights and provide labour administrations and
social partners with the resources and technical capabilities required to participate in peak-
level social dialogue (PLSD).

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168. Where was the 7th edition of Bauma CONEXPO INDIA held from 11 to 14 December 2024?
1) New Delhi, Delhi
2) Jaipur, Rajasthan
3) Noida, Uttar Pradesh
4) Kolkata, West Bengal
5) Mumbai, Maharashtra
Answer- 3) Noida, Uttar Pradesh
Explanation:
Union Road Transport Minister Nitin Gadkari inaugurated the 7th edition of Bauma CONEXPO INDIA
that set a transformative precedent for India's construction, mining, and infrastructure industries held
from 11 to 14 December 2024 at the India Expo Centre in Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh.
• He said that the Central government is dedicated to building a self-reliant India with a 5-
trillion-dollar economy, equipped with world-class highway networks that drive growth and
development.
• He also stated exports have witnessed significant growth over the last decade, and the country
is steadily advancing toward realizing the vision of Viksit Bharat by 2047.

169. Who has recently (in December ‘24) re-elected as the Chairman of the Federation of
Associations in Indian Tourism and Hospitality (FAITH) for the term 2024-2026?
1) Kanwarjit Singh Sawhney
2) Puneet Chhatwal
3) Rajiv Mehra
4) Ajay Prakash
5) Ajeet Bajaj
Answer- 2) Puneet Chhatwal
Explanation:
Puneet Chhatwal, Managing Director (MD) and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Indian Hotels
Company Limited (IHCL), has been re-elected as the Chairman of the Federation of Associations in
Indian Tourism and Hospitality (FAITH) for the term 2024-2026.
• Alongside Chhatwal, Ajeet Bajaj and Ajay Prakash were elected as vice chairmen, Rajiv Mehra
as general secretary, and Kanwarjit Singh Sawhney as treasurer.
• The elections for the industry body concluded with the results announced by returning officer
Homa Mistry, with all candidates elected unopposed.

170. Who has been recently (in December ‘24) conferred with the honorary rank of General of
the Indian Army by President Droupadi Murmu?
1) Ashok Raj Sigdel
2) Rajesh Kumar Singh
3) Vikram Misri
4) Anil Chauhan
5) Ajit Doval
Answer- 1) Ashok Raj Sigdel
Explanation:
In December 2024, President Droupadi Murmu conferred the honorary rank of General of the Indian
Army on General Ashok Raj Sigdel, Chief of the Nepali Army, during a ceremony at Rashtrapati

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Bhavan in New Delhi, Delhi. The honour recognises General Sigdel’s contributions in strengthening
Nepal’s enduring friendship with India and his notable military expertise.
• There has been a tradition of conferring the title of Honorary General on the Army chiefs of
Nepal and India since 1950.
• General Sigdel held high-level meetings with several senior Indian officials and discussed the
defence and security matters of mutual interest, further bolstering ties between the
neighbouring nations.

171. Which Indian Institute of Technology has recently (in December ‘24) developed the first-
of-its-kind cost-effective Bluetooth Low Energy Gateway and Node System under iHub –
AWaDH (Agriculture and Water Technology Development Hub)?
1) IIT Madras
2) IIT Kanpur
3) IIT Ropar
4) IIT Bombay
5) IIT Kharagpur
Answer- 3) IIT Ropar
Explanation:
Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Ropar launched the Bluetooth Low Energy Gateway and Node
System under iHub – AWaDH (Agriculture and Water Technology Development Hub) designed to
transform Internet of Things (IoT) applications across multiple sectors.
• This system, funded by Rs 110 Crore under the National Mission on Interdisciplinary Cyber-
Physical Systems (NM-ICPS) by the Department of Science and Technology (DST).
• It enables data transmission, real-time environmental monitoring and advanced analytics
across diverse sectors such as agriculture, logistics, and environmental resilience.

172. Where is the headquarters of Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI) located?
1) Kochi, Kerala
2) Chennai, Tamil nadu
3) Mumbai, Maharashtra
4) Noida, Uttar Pradesh
5) Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh
Answer- 4) Noida, Uttar Pradesh
Explanation:
About Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI):
Chairman– Vijay Kumar
Headquarters– Noida, Uttar Pradesh (UP)
Founded– 1986

173. Who is the current (as of December ‘24) Chairman and Managing Director (CMD) of REC
Limited?
1) Sanjeev Singhal
2) Vijay Kumar
3) Parminder Chopra
4) Koppu Sadashiv Murthy

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5) Vivek Kumar Dewangan
Answer- 5) Vivek Kumar Dewanga
Explanation:
About REC Limited:
It is registered with RBI as Non-Banking Finance Company (NBFC), Public Financial Institution (PFI)
and Infrastructure Financing Company (IFC).
Chairman and Managing Director (CMD) – Vivek Kumar Dewangan
Headquarters – New Delhi, Delhi
Founded -1969

174. When was the Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL) established?
1) 1934
2) 1946
3) 1955
4) 1963
5) 1978
Answer- 1) 1934
Explanation:
About Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL):
Chairman & Managing Director (CMD)– Sanjeev Singhal
Headquarters- Mumbai, Maharashtra
Established- 1934

175. Which organisation has recently (in December ‘24) granted approval to National Dope
Testing Laboratory as an Athlete Passport Management Unit (APMU)?
1) International Olympic Committee
2) World Anti-Doping Agency
3) National Anti-Doping Agency
4) United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
5) International Association of Athletics Federations
Answer- 2) World Anti-Doping Agency
Explanation:
In December 2024, the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) granted approval for the New Delhi
based National Dope Testing Laboratory (NDTL) as an Athlete Passport Management Unit (APMU) to
manage the Athlete Biological Passport (ABP). This milestone marks a significant achievement for
India in advancing its anti-doping initiatives.
• The ABP is an advanced anti-doping tool that monitors an athlete’s biological markers over
time, which include blood and steroid profiles. This helps to ensure fair play in sports and to
protect clean athletes.
• Now, India is part of a group of the 17 APMUs approved by WADA worldwide. India’s APMU
would serve the country as well as the anti-doping organizations of neighbouring countries.

176. Where was the 10th World Ayurveda Congress and Arogya Expo held in December 2024?
1) Panaji, Goa
2) Delhi, New Delhi

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3) Kolkata, West Bengal
4) Ahmedabad, Gujarat
5) Dehradun, Uttarakhand
Answer- 5) Dehradun, Uttarakhand
Explanation:
In December 2024, Uttarakhand Chief Minister (CM) Pushkar Singh Dhami inaugurated the 10th
World Ayurveda Congress and Arogya Expo 2024 in Dehradun, Uttarakhand.
• The theme of this conference is "Digital Health – An Ayurveda Perspective", which includes use
of technologies such as telehealth, electronic records, mobile health apps.
• The event features various sessions on how digital tools can enhance healthcare delivery and
research within Ayurveda.

177. Who has been recently (in December ‘24) appointed as the Managing Director (MD) and
Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of TransUnion CIBIL?
1) Bhavesh Jain
2) Sunil Mehta
3) Rajesh Kumar
4) Anil Gupta
5) Arvind Kumar
Answer- 1) Bhavesh Jain
Explanation:
TransUnion CIBIL, India’s leading insights and information company announced the appointment of
Bhavesh Jain as Managing Director (MD) and Chief Executive Officer (CEO). He will replace Rajesh
Kumar, who recently resigned after five years.
• Jain has been promoted to MD and CEO’s post from the position of chief revenue officer in the
company.
• He had previously worked at Thomson Reuters, Citi and Kone.

178. Which Indian cricketer has been recently (in December ‘24) appointed as the brand
ambassador of Techjockey?
1) Virat Kohli
2) Rohit Sharma
3) Jasprit Bumrah
4) Rishabh Pant
5) Kedhar Jadhav
Answer- 4) Rishabh Pant
Explanation:
Online software marketplace Techjockey has engaged Indian cricketer Rishabh Pant as its brand
ambassador.
• The collaboration emphasises Techjockey's mission to bring the best of technology to Indian
businesses, making essential software solutions accessible to all.

179. When was the Forest Survey of India (FSI) established?

1) 1996
2) 1981

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3) 1975
4) 1962
5) 1957
Answer- 2) 1981
Explanation:
About Forest Survey of India (FSI):
The Forest Survey of India (FSI) was established in 1981 after the expansion of the Pre-Investment
Survey of Forest Resources (PISFR) project initiated in 1965 by Food and Agriculture Organization
(FAO), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and Government of India (GoI).
• The scope of PISFR’s activities was expanded and it was reorganised as the FSI in 1981.
Director General (DG) – Anoop Singh
Headquartered – Dehradun, Uttarakhand

180. Who is the current (as of December ‘24) Chairman & Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of
Indian Railways (IR)?
1) Manoj Yadava
2) Satish Kumar
3) Vikas Kumar
4) Anil Kumar Lahoti
5) Sanjay Kumar Jain
Answer- 2) Satish Kumar
Explanation:
About Indian Railways(IR):
Chairman & Chief Executive Officer (CEO)– Satish Kumar
Headquarters- New Delhi (Delhi)
Established- 1853

181. Where is the Keibul Lamjao National Park located?

1) Manipur
2) Mizoram
3) Bihar
4) Punjab
5) Uttar Pradesh
Answer- 1) Manipur
Explanation:
About Manipur:
Chief Minister (CM) – N. Biren Singh
Governor –Ajay Bhalla
Capital – Imphal
National Park – Keibul Lamjao National Park

182. Where was India's longest 18-hole golf course, spread across 7,377 yards, recently
inaugurated by Delhi Lieutenant Governor Vinai Kumar Saxena?
1) New Delhi, Delhi
2) Dwarka, Gujarat

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3) Kolkata, West Bengal
4) Pune, Maharashtra
5) Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
Answer- 2) Dwarka, Gujarat
Explanation:
Delhi Lieutenant Governor Vinai Kumar Saxena inaugurated India's longest 18-hole golf course,
spread across 7,377 yards, in Dwarka, Gujarat.
• Constructed by the Delhi Development Authority (DDA) at Rs 250 crore, the course is spread
across 158 acres and is scheduled to be completely ready by April 2025.
• The golf course at Dwarka is going to be a pay-and-play facility in addition to tenure playing
rights (three and five years).

183. In December 2024, RITES Limited had bagged an order worth _________________from the
Ministry of External Affairs for the construction of an Integrated Check Post (ICP).
1) Rs 223.53 crore
2) Rs 246.39 crore
3) Rs 218.65 crore
4) Rs 272.68 crore
5) Rs 297.67 crore
Answer- 5) Rs 297.67 crore
Explanation:
RITES Limited, a Government engineering company has bagged an order worth Rs 297.67 crore
from the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA), Government of India (GoI). The project involves
Providing Project Implementation Services for construction of an Integrated Check Post (ICP).
• The project is expected to be completed within a period of 59 months, including the defect
liability period.
• The contract value includes construction costs along with Project Management Consultancy
(PMC) fees but excludes GST.

184. Who authored and released the book 'Dalai Lama's Secret to Happiness' at the Tibetan
Works and Archives (LTWA) Library in Dharamshala, Himachal Pradesh?
1) Dr. Dinesh Shahra
2) Sudha Murty
3) Nandan Nilekani
4) Meenaz Kassam
5) Arun Kumar
Answer- 1) Dr. Dinesh Shahra
Explanation:
Renowned philanthropist, author and thought leader Dr. Dinesh Shahra released his book, 'Dalai
Lama's Secret to Happiness', at the Tibetan Works and Archives (LTWA) Library in Dharamshala,
Himachal Pradesh (HP).
• The event marked a significant moment in celebrating the teachings of His Holiness the Dalai
Lama and the preservation of Tibetan culture.

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185. Which organization conducted the "Yoga and Diabetes Prevention" study released by
Union Minister Dr. Jitendra Singh in December 2024?
1) World Health Organization
2) International Diabetes Federation
3) All India Institute of Medical Sciences
4) Indian Council of Medical Research
5) Research Society for Study of Diabetes in India
Answer- 5) Research Society for Study of Diabetes in India
Explanation:
Union Minister Dr. Jitendra Singh, also a Professor of Medicine, a renowned Diabetologist and Life
Patron of the "Research Society for Study of Diabetes in India" (RSSDI), the world's largest
organisation of Diabetes researchers and practitioners, released the landmark RSSDI study on "Yoga
and Diabetes Prevention".
• The Study was conducted by a group of eminent RSSDI members and has been published by
Elsevier Limited.
• This study has conducted over 3 years at five Indian centers with nearly 1,000 prediabetic
participants, the study reveals that a 40-minute daily Yoga routine, along with lifestyle
interventions, reduces diabetes risk by about 40%.

186. Under which category the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) proposed listing the
North American migratory monarch butterfly in the Endangered Species Act in December
2024?
1) Extinct
2) Vulnerable
3) Endangered
4) Threatened
5) Critically Endangered
Answer- 4) Threatened
Explanation:
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) proposed a listing of the North American migratory monarch
butterfly as threatened under the Endangered Species Act, citing a significant decline in the iconic
black and orange insects that has pushed them toward extinction.
• Monarch butterflies, known for migrating across North America, have faced population decline
due to habitat loss from farming, urbanization, pesticide use, and climate change. These factors
have contributed to the species' risk of extinction.

187. Which country has recently (in December ‘24) used the U.S. Terminal High Altitude Area
Defense (THAAD) system for the first time to intercept a projectile launched from Yemen?
1) Israel
2) Kuwait
3) Oman
4) Saudi Arabia
5) United Arab Emirates
Answer- 1) Israel

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Explanation:
The United States military's Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) system was reportedly
used for the first time by Israel to try to intercept a projectile launched from Yemen. The THAAD
system was built by Lockheed Martin.
• This marks a significant step in the ongoing military defence efforts since the system was
deployed by President Joe Biden in October 2024.
• The deployment of THAAD is part of a broader US strategy to bolster Israel’s defense
capabilities amidst rising tensions in the region. Israel has been facing missile and drone
attacks from the Iran-aligned Houthi movement in Yemen.

188. Which organisation has recently (in December ‘24) published the 2024 Global Report on
Trafficking in Persons stating that Child trafficking, trafficking for forced labour and forced
criminality are rising as poverty, conflict, and climate change?
1) United Nations Human Settlements Programme
2) United Nations Children’s Fund
3) United Nations Human Rights Council
4) United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
5) United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
Answer- 4) United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
Explanation:
Child trafficking, trafficking for forced labour and forced criminality are rising as poverty, conflict and
climate leave more people vulnerable to exploitation, according to the 2024 Global Report on
Trafficking in Persons published by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC).
• The Report records a 25% increase in the number of trafficking victims detected globally in
2022 compared to 2019 pre-pandemic figures. Between 2019 and 2022, the global number of
victims detected for trafficking for forced labour surged by 47%.
• The global number of detected child victims increased 31% in 2022 compared to 2019, with a
38% rise recorded for girls.
• Child trafficking is also on the rise in high-income countries, often involving girls trafficked for
sexual exploitation.

189. Who has been recently (in December ‘24) appointed as the Honorary President of the
Trinity Laban Conservatoire of Music and Dance in London?
1) Geetanjali Lal
2) Resul Pookutty
3) A.R. Rahman
4) Prabhu Deva
5) M.M. Keeravani
Answer- 3) A.R. Rahman
Explanation:
Renowned composer and award winning musician A.R. Rahman has been appointed the Honorary
President of Trinity Laban Conservatoire of Music and Dance, a prestigious institution based in
London known for its innovative programs in music, musical theatre, and contemporary dance.

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 • Rahman, who has made a mark both in Indian and international music scenes, will serve in this
honorary role for a five-year term, further cementing his influence in the world of performing
arts.
• He has achieved international acclaim, winning two Academy Awards, two Grammy Awards,
and a BAFTA. His iconic compositions, including those for Slumdog Millionaire and Bombay
Dreams, continue to inspire audiences worldwide.

190. Which institution has recently (in December ‘24) hosted the first edition of the
International Conference on Leveraging Emerging Technologies and Analytics for
Development (LEAD-2024)?
1) IIT Delhi
2) IIM Ahmedabad
3) IIM Shillong
4) IISc Bengaluru
5) ISB Hyderabad
Answer- 3) IIM Shillong
Explanation:
IIM Shillong hosted the first edition of the International Conference on Leveraging Emerging
Technologies and Analytics for Development (LEAD-2024) held in Gurugram, Haryana.
• The theme of the conference is "Empowering Humanity."
• The LEAD-2024 logo, unveiled during the event, symbolizes the conference’s vision and
commitment to integrating artificial intelligence, analytics, and sustainability principles.

191. Which sports network has recently (in December ‘24) secured a three-year deal to
broadcast the Hockey India League (HIL) 2024-25 season?
1) ESPN
2) Star Sports
3) Zee Sports
4) Doordarshan
5) Sony Sports Network
Answer- 5) Sony Sports Network
Explanation:
Sony Sports Network (SSN) has secured a three-year deal to broadcast the Hockey India League
(HIL), starting with the 2024-25 season. This partnership aims to deliver an immersive viewing
experience for hockey fans across India and beyond through a multi-channel, multi-language telecast
strategy.
• The league will feature eight men’s teams and four women’s teams, competing across Rourkela
and Ranchi.

192. Which institute has recently (in December ‘24) signed a Memorandum of Understanding
(MoU) with Wipro GE Healthcare to establish an AI Health Innovations Hub?
1) Indian Institute of Science Bengaluru
2) Indian Institute of Technology Madras
3) All India Institute of Medical Sciences Delhi
4) Indian Institute of Technology Bombay

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5) National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering Hyderabad
Answer- All India Institute of Medical Sciences Delhi
Explanation:
The All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, has signed a Memorandum of
Understanding (MoU) with Wipro GE Healthcare to establish an AI Health Innovations Hub.
• As the technology partner, Wipro GE Healthcare will invest around USD 1 million over the next
five years to co-develop, test, and deploy intelligent systems and workflow solutions in
cardiology, oncology, and neurology.
• AIIMS, as the clinical partner for the hub, will provide multi-modal clinical inputs and function
as a real-world clinical environment for the evaluation, feedback, and deployment of GE
Healthcare’s AI-enabled solutions.

193. Who is the current (as of December ‘24) President of China?

1) Li Qiang
2) Hu Jintao
3) Xi Jinping
4) Li Keqiang
5) Zhang Dejiang
Answer- 3) Xi Jinping
Explanation:
About China:
President – Xi Jinping
Capital – Beijing
Currency – Renminbi (CNY)

194. When was Suzuki Motor Corporation (SMC) established?

1) 1914
2) 1909
3) 1956
4) 1942
5) 1938
Answer- 2) 1909
Explanation:
About Suzuki Motor Corporation (SMC):
Chief Executive Office(CEO) – Toshihiro Suzuki
Headquarters – Shizuoka, Japan
Established – 1909

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