SMT.
SULOCHANADEVI SINGHANIA SCHOOL, THANE
STD 7 Term II Manual—Ch:- Weathering and Soil Formation
I. Choose the correct answers.
a. How many types of weathering are there?
1. One 2. Two 3. Three
b. What is the weathering caused by the repeated freezing and
thawing of ice crystals known as?
1. Wetting 2. Block disintegration 3. Frost action
c. Which kind of weathering is also known as onion peeling?
1. Saltation 2. Exfoliation 3. Granular disintegration
d. Which layer of soil consists of the parent bedrock?
1. D horizon 2. C horizon 3. B horizon
e. What is hydration?
1. Erosion of soil caused by roots
2. Weathering caused by the absorption of water by rocks
3. Rusting
II. State Whether the sentences are True or False.
a. Clay swells and shrinks and then falls apart due to Wetting and
Drying. [ False ]
b. Acids secreted by the root tips, gradually erode the rocks. [ T ]
c. Insolation and frost action are factors of chemical weathering.[F]
d. Mixed cropping can help in reducing use of pesticides. [ True ]
e. B-Horizon comprising the weathered matter called regolith. [ F ]
f. Uprooting of trees by winds also causes rocks to break. [ True ]
III. Fill in the blanks with suitable words.
a. Weathering is of great significance to man as it leads to the
formation of Soil.
b. Downward movement of weathered material results in the
occurrence of landslides and avalanches.
c. Man increases the rate of weathering on slopes by
deforestation.
d. Blasting of hills by dynamite for road and dam construction
contribute to mechanical weathering.
e. Temperature changes also result in granular disintegration.
f. Soil provides organic as well as mineral matter for the growth of
plants
IV. Picture study
a. What do you see in the picture?
b. What kind of weathering is this? How does this occur?
V. Picture study
a. What is soil?
b. What is it composed of?
c. Define soil profile.
d. Name the four soil horizons.
VI. Identify and name the following pictures:-
A.
B.
VII. How do plant roots, earthworms and burrowing animals cause
weathering of rocks?
Ans:- As the roots of plants and trees grow in size, they cause cracks
in the rocks. The cracks gradually widen, leading to breaking down
of the rocks. Earthworms and burrowing animals such as rats and
rabbits dig into the soil and loosen the rocks, ultimately breaking
them down.
VIII. List a few products that can be derived from soil.
Ans:- Primary food products such as grains, fruits, and vegetables
are obtained directly from the soil.
Soil provides us with fibres, construction materials and a host of
other products.
IX. Give reason-
a. Landslides are major natural hazards in hilly regions.
Ans:- Downward movement of weathered material results in the
occurrence of landslides and avalanches.
b. Certain human activities are responsible for weathering.
Ans:- Human activities such as mining for extraction of minerals ,blasting
of hills by dynamite for road and dam construction, quarrying for
industrial and building material.
c. Mention two ways to protect soil from erosion.
Ans:- 1. Covering the soil with trees and grasses to protect it from rain
and wind.
2. Slowing down runoff and wind speed through afforestation
and construction of bunds in steep slopes.
X. Why should we protect soil from erosion?
Ans:-
Conservation means protecting something from getting
destroyed so that it can be used by future generations. Soil which has
formed over thousands of years can be eroded away in a few years if it is
not protected.
