1. What is one of the benefits of a network?
A) Screen sharing
B) Central administration
C) Running applications only
D) Gaming enhancement
2. Which of the following OSI layers is responsible for converting data into
electrical signals?
A) Physical Layer
B) Application Layer
C) Session Layer
D) Presentation Layer
3. Which protocol is used in the Application Layer to enable web browsing?
A) FTP
B) HTTP
C) TCP
D) IP
4. How is data routed in the Network Layer?
A) By adding a MAC address
B) By assigning an IP address and determining the path
C) Through data compression
D) By using flow control
5. What is the difference between TCP and UDP protocols in the Transport
Layer?
A) TCP provides data delivery confirmation, while UDP does not.
B) UDP is more secure than TCP.
C) TCP is used only in wireless networks.
D) UDP is used for banking applications.
6. Which of the following is considered a hardware component of a
network?
A) Operating System
B) Network software
C) Network Interface Card (NIC)
D) Network protocol
7. What is one of the main functions of the Presentation Layer?
A) Establishing connections between applications
B) Data compression and encryption
C) Assigning an IP address
D) Flow control
8. What type of connection allows for both sending and receiving at the
same time?
A) Simplex
B) Half-Duplex
C) Full-Duplex
D) Single connection
9. In the Data Link Layer, data is converted into:
A) Segments
B) Packets
C) Frames
D) Bits
10. Which OSI layer is responsible for error checking and correction?
A) Application Layer
B) Session Layer
C) Network Layer
D) Transport Layer
11. Which protocol is used in the Transport Layer to ensure secure data
transmission?
A) HTTP
B) FTP
C) TCP
D) UDP
12. The first three layers in the OSI model are dedicated to:
A) Transmitting bits across networks
B) Controlling applications
C) User communication
D) Data encryption
13. Which device is used in the Physical Layer to transmit signals over
cables?
A) Bridge
B) Hub
C) Router
D) Switch
14. Which protocol in the Application Layer is used to send email?
A) HTTP
B) FTP
C) DNS
D) SMTP
15. In the Network Layer, data is referred to as:
A) Bits
B) Frames
C) Packets
D) Segments
16. In which layer is the MAC address added to the data?
A) Presentation Layer
B) Network Layer
C) Data Link Layer
D) Physical Layer
17. Which type of network is classified based on geographical location and
covers a wide area like cities or countries?
A) LAN
B) MAN
C) WAN
D) PAN
18. What is the main function of the Session Layer in the OSI model?
A) Converting data to electrical signals
B) Formatting and compressing data
C) Managing communication sessions between applications
D) Adding IP addresses
19. Which of the following devices is used to route data between networks
in the Network Layer?
A) Switch
B) Bridge
C) Router
D) Hub
20. Which layer in the OSI model acts as an intermediary between lower
layers and upper layers?
A) Physical Layer
B) Network Layer
C) Transport Layer
D) Presentation Layer
21. Which protocol is used in the Application Layer to access files over a
network?
A) DNS
B) FTP
C) IP
D) TCP
22. What is the primary function of the Transport Layer in data transmission?
A) Identifying MAC addresses
B) Ensuring data sequencing and error correction
C) Data compression
D) Converting data to bits
23. Which OSI layer is responsible for converting data into various formats
like audio and video?
A) Presentation Layer
B) Session Layer
C) Application Layer
D) Network Layer
24. In the Data Link Layer, data is referred to as:
A) Packets
B) Frames
C) Bits D) Segments
25. What type of network connects a limited number of devices within a
confined area, such as an office or room?
A) WAN
B) MAN
C) LAN
D) PAN
26. Which of the following protocols is used in the Network Layer to ensure
data transmission over the internet?
A) FTP
B) DNS
C) IP
D) SMTP
27. In the OSI model, which layer determines how data is placed onto cables?
A) Application Layer
B) Data Link Layer
C) Physical Layer
D) Transport Layer
28. Which layer is responsible for transferring files over HTTP?
A) Application Layer
B) Presentation Layer
C) Network Layer
D) Data Link Layer
29. What is the function of the DNS protocol in the Application Layer?
A) Converting names to IP addresses
B) Sending email
C) File transfer
D) Encryption and decryption
30. Which layer is responsible for ensuring data reaches the correct
destination?
A) Transport Layer
B) Session Layer
C) Application Layer
D) Network Layer
31 Which layer in the TCP/IP model combines the OSI layers of Application,
Presentation, and Session?
A) Transport Layer
B) Internet Layer
C) Application Layer
D) Network Interface Layer
32 In the TCP/IP model, the Network Interface layer is equivalent to which layers in
the OSI model?
A) Application and Presentation layers
B) Network and Transport layers
C) Data Link and Physical layers
D) Session and Transport layers
33 What is the binary representation of the decimal number 89?
A) 11000011
B) 01011001
C) 10101010
D) 01100110
34- How many bits are in a byte?
A) 2 bits
B) 4 bits
C) 8 bits
D) 16 bits
35- Which of the following shows the correct steps to convert the binary number
11010000 to decimal?
A) 128 + 32 + 8 = 168
B) 64 + 32 + 16 + 8 = 120
C) 128 + 64 + 16 = 208
D) 64 + 16 + 8 = 88
36- To convert a decimal number to binary, if the serial number is greater than the
decimal number (Y > X), what should you place?
A) 0
B) 1
C) Subtract Y from X
D) Add Y to X
37- When converting the decimal number 208 to binary, what is the first binary digit
after comparing it with 128?
A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) None of the above
38- Which of the following is the correct binary representation of the decimal
number 208?
A) 11010001
B) 11001000
C) 11010000
D) 10011010
39- In IP conversion, the first column in binary-to-decimal conversion represents
which value?
A) 64
B) 32
C) 1
D) 128
40- Which TCP/IP layer is responsible for routing data between different networks?
A) Application Layer
B) Transport Layer
C) Internet Layer
D) Network Interface Layer
Questions
1. What is the difference between a Collision Domain and a Broadcast Domain?
- A Collision Domain is a part of the network where data collisions can occur if
two devices try to send data at the same time. A Broadcast Domain is an area in
the network where broadcast messages are sent to all devices within that domain
2. Explain how VLANs affect network performance and security.
- VLANs (Virtual Local Area Networks) improve network performance by
reducing unnecessary traffic and segmenting the network, which also enhances
security by isolating devices based on roles or requirements4..
3. What is a Collision Domain, and how does it affect the network?
- A Collision Domain is a segment of the network where data packets can
collide, causing delays and reducing network efficiency.
4. How does a Hub differ from a Switch in terms of their impact on Collision
Domains?
- A Hub operates in a single Collision Domain and can lead to more collisions,
while a Switch creates separate Collision Domains for each connection, reducing
the likelihood of collisions.
5. Explain the concept of a Broadcast Domain. How are they separated in
networks?
- A Broadcast Domain is a network segment where broadcast packets are
received by all devices. Routers separate Broadcast Domains.
6. How does a Router separate Broadcast Domains?
- Routers limit broadcasts to the sender's Broadcast Domain, preventing them
from spreading across the entire network.
7. What is a VLAN, and why is it used in networks?
- A VLAN is a virtual LAN that segments a physical network into logical
networks, enhancing security and performance
8. How can using VLANs improve security and reduce network traffic?
- VLANs isolate sensitive data and limit access, reducing the broadcast traffic to
specific groups, thus improving security and reducing congestion
18. Using the example (192.168.32.0 with a 24-bit subnet mask), explain how to
calculate the network address, broadcast address, and the first and last host
addresses in this network.
- Network address: 192.168.32.0
- Broadcast address: 192.168.32.255
- First host address: 192.168.32.1
- Last host address: 192.168.32.254
19. Using the example (172.16.0.0 with a 16-bit subnet mask), answer the
following:
What is the network address?
What is the broadcast address?
What is the first host address in the network?
What is the last host address in the network? - Network address: 172.16.0.0
- Broadcast address: 172.16.255.255
- First host address: 172.16.0.1
- Last host address: 172.16.255.254
MCQ
1. What is the primary reason for creating subnets in a network?
A) To improve security
B) To reduce network traffic and improve performance
C) To assign a static IP address to each device
D) To connect devices to the internet
2. What is the network mask for Class A IP addresses?
A) 255.255.255.0
B) 255.255.255.255
C) 255.0.0.0
D) 255.255.0.0
3. In Class C IP addresses, how many hosts can be supported?
A) 16777214
B) 65534
C) 254
D) 1022
4. What is the main advantage of subnetting a network?
A) It increases the number of available IP addresses
B) It simplifies the process of assigning IP addresses
C) It reduces network congestion and improves efficiency
D) It improves internet connectivity
True/False Questions
6. True or False: A subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 indicates that the network
portion of the IP address is 24 bits long. T
7. True or False: In a subnet, the number of available host IP addresses is always
equal to the number of networks available. F
Short Answer Questions
9. Explain why subnetting reduces the number of broadcast messages in a
network.
10. How would you calculate the number of available hosts in a subnet with
a subnet mask of /25?
Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
12. The network mask for Class A is written as _ 255.0.0.0_________.
13. The binary pattern for the first byte of a Class C IP address starts with
____110______.
14. In a subnet with a /30 mask, the total number of available hosts per
subnet is _____2_____.
Problem Solving
15. For the IP address 192.168.203.0/25, calculate the first available IP
address, the last available IP address, and the network address.
- First available IP address: 192.168.203.1
- Last available IP address: 192.168.203.126
- Network address: 192.168.203.0
16-Given the IP address 172.16.0.0/22, how many networks are available and how
many IP addresses can each network support?AND (The second subnet address, the
first IP, and the last IP and broadcast in this network , The address of the last subnet and
the first IP, and the last IP broadcast in this network)
Number of networks: 4 networks -
IP addresses each network supports: 1024 addresses -
:For the second subnet -
Network address: 172.16.4.0 -
First IP: 172.16.4.1 -
Last IP: 172.16.7.254 -
Broadcast: 172.16.7.255 -
:For the last subnet -
Network address: 172.16.12.0 -
First IP: 172.16.12.1 -
Last IP: 172.16.15.254 -
Broadcast: 172.16.15.255 -
