Problem Situation

Dependent Variable Studies

Radiation Protection Awareness Medical radiation is increasingly used for

surgical and procedural procedures, as well
as for diagnosis. Therefore, in order to
safeguard themselves and their patients from
radiation's harmful effects, healthcare
professionals should be fully informed about
radiation threats. The fundamental principle
for radiation protection or safety put forward
by the International Commission on
Radiological Protection (ICRP), states that
radiation protection is based on three
principles: justification, optimization (as low
as reasonably achievable (ALARA), and dose
limitation.Khamtuikrua & Suksompong (2020).

As stated by the research of Scali et al.

(2017) Radiation doses from medical
exposure are now the main source of man-
made radiation exposure with the quick
development of medical technology such as
CT or PET-CT. The three key terms
"justification," "optimization," and "dose limit"
are a concise summary of the fundamentals
of radiation protection against the risk of
ionizing radiation.

Ionizing radiation is now easily accessible for

both diagnosis and treatment. Radiation
exposure risks for patients and radiation
workers have been linked to the rising usage
of ionizing radiation. To keep healthcare
facilities safe, it's critical to increase
understanding of radiation protection.Alyousef
et al. (2023)

According to Sharma et al.(2016) Radiation

protection is important because
Radiographers' exposure to radiation has
recently become a source of worry. The
degree of consciousness
Staff behavior is affected by radiation
protection concerns. If they lack sufficient
knowledge on the mentioned

1
 situation, their behavior wouldn't be safe and
would have negative consequences.

This radiation poses significant and

undeniable risks. Understanding radiation
dose in radiological research is one of the key
steps in radiation protection. Azmoonfar et al.
(2016)

Antecedents of the Dependent Variables

Factors influencing Radiation Studies

Protection Awareness

Education It is commonly acknowledged that health

personnel need to be educated and trained in
Radiation Protection in order to create a
culture of Radiation Protection safety and
safeguard patients and staff from the risks
associated with ionizing radiation exposure.
The International Commission on
Radiological Protection (ICRP) encourages
professionals who work directly with ionizing
radiation to receive Education and Training in
Radiation Protection at the beginning of their
careers and to continue their education as the
field's overall body of knowledge expands.
Rainford et al (2022)

According to hazan(2022). The deliberate

endeavor to provide the young with the
information, knowledge, and abilities they
need to operate as adults in a particular
society is one way to understand the word.
The socializing model is a common name for
this.

Radiation Protection Education and training in

radiation safety are essential to keep medical

2
 professionals up to date with the safe
application of the newest technologies. Burge
(2021)

Assessment methods According to Apple (2003).The Assessment

Methodology is a tool to aid in a greater
comprehension of the procedures required to
conduct a quality assessment.
Utilizing this method, you can acquire the
knowledge you need and make the necessary
adjustments to achieve your goals to improve
or better a product or performance

Depth and coverage are two linked qualities

of Assessment methods that assist to specify
the level of work required for the assessment.
Due to the hierarchical nature of these
features, it is possible to determine the rigor
and scope of the assessment. Johnson
(2020)

Research Gap

Gap in research Justification Areas that has not

been answered by
previous
studies
Variable Gap Most of the research Education and training of non
indicates the education and radiologic medical staff
training of medical staff that
has to do with
radiation.Rainford et al
(2022), Burge (2021),
Sharma et al.(2016), Alyousef
et al. (2023)

Group Gap Previous researches focuses Focused study for non-

on Radiologic Technology radiological medical staff or

3
 Medical staff (Burge personnel
(2021),Sharma et al.(2016),
Alyousef et al.
(2023),Rainford et al (2022)

Problem Situation
Education on radiation protection is not limited to radiologic staff; it is also crucial for non-
radiologic medical personnel who may encounter ionizing radiation in the healthcare setting.
Ionizing radiation is now easily accessible for both diagnosis and treatment. Radiation exposure
risks for patients and radiation workers have been linked to the rising usage of ionizing
radiation. To keep healthcare facilities safe, it's critical to increase understanding of radiation
protection.Alyousef et al. (2023)

According to Sharma et al.(2016) Radiation protection is important because Radiographers'

exposure to radiation has recently become a source of worry. The degree of consciousness
Staff behavior is affected by radiation protection concerns. If they lack sufficient knowledge on
the mentioned situation, their behavior wouldn't be safe and would have negative
consequences.Radiation protection is a paramount concern in healthcare, particularly for
radiographers who work with ionizing radiation. Ensuring that staff members are well-informed,
trained, and motivated to practice safe behavior is essential for safeguarding their health and
the quality of healthcare services. Neglecting radiation protection can lead to adverse effects,
emphasizing the significance of proper training and adherence to established safety protocols.

Medical radiation is increasingly used for surgical and procedural procedures, as well as for
diagnosis. Therefore, in order to safeguard themselves and their patients from radiation's
harmful effects, healthcare professionals should be fully informed about radiation threats. The
fundamental principle for radiation protection or safety put forward by the International
Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), states that radiation protection is based on
three principles: justification, optimization (as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA), and dose
limitation.Khamtuikrua & Suksompong (2020). As stated by the research of Scali et al. (2017)
Radiation doses from medical exposure are now the main source of man-made radiation
exposure with the quick development of medical technology such as CT or PET-CT. The three
key terms "justification," "optimization," and "dose limit" are a concise summary of the
fundamentals of radiation protection against the risk of ionizing radiation. These three key terms
encapsulate the core principles of radiation protection against the risks of ionizing radiation in a
medical context. They emphasize the importance of balancing the need for medical imaging and
therapy with the necessity to minimize radiation exposure, ultimately ensuring the safety and
well-being of patients and healthcare personnel.This radiation poses significant and undeniable
risks. Understanding radiation dose in radiological research is one of the key steps in radiation
protection. Azmoonfar et al. (2016).

4
Factors Influencing the Dependent Variable
Multiple studies highlighted that Education is an important antecedent of the radiation
Protection awareness.Khamtuikrua & Suksompong (2020).Rainford et al (2022), Burge (2021),
Sharma et al.(2016), Alyousef et al. (2023) several studies have emphasized the important role
of education in raising awareness about radiation protection. Education plays a significant role
in shaping individuals' understanding of the risks associated with ionizing radiation and the
importance of safety measures. Azmoonfar et al. (2016), Scali et al. (2017).

Research Gap

Most of the research indicates the education and training of medical staff that has to do with
radiation.Rainford et al (2022), Burge (2021), Sharma et al.(2016), Alyousef et al. (2023). The
majority of research in the field of radiation protection emphasizes the importance of education
and training for medical staff, particularly those who work with ionizing radiation. Hence,
insufficiency in investigation for the education and training of non radiologic medical staff.
Furthermore previous studies focuses on radiological medical personnel (Burge (2021),Sharma
et al.(2016), Alyousef et al. (2023),Rainford et al (2022).

Relevance of the study

This study will contribute to healthcare workers working in the hospital to give more information
about radiation protection. This study shall provide various important information pertaining to
radiation protection awareness. This Study can help learners or to be specific the radiologic
technology students to further deepen their understanding for their Radiation Protection subject
and will also be a great help for future researchers for obtaining relevant data needed for their
research,Furthermore this research also provide relevant important information for healthcare
staff or workers working in the hospital and also patients so that they can properly understand
and broaden their sense of knowledge when it comes to their safety.

Title or Topic

Evaluating the Influence of Education and Assessment Methods on Radiation Protection

Awareness in Non-Radiologic Healthcare Professionals in Dr. Gloria D. Lacson Hospital

Assessing the Effects of Education and Assessment Techniques on Radiation Protection

Awareness in Non-Radiologic Healthcare Professionals at Dr. Gloria D. Lacson Hospital

Evaluating the Impact of Education and Assessment Methods on Radiation Protection

Awareness in Non-Radiologic Healthcare Professionals at Dr. Gloria D. Lacson Hospital

5
Independent Variable

Education
Assessment Method

Dependent Variable
Radiation Protection Awareness

"Evaluating the Influence of Education and Assessment Methods on Radiation Protection

Awareness in Non-Radiologic Healthcare Professionals in Dr. Gloria D. Lacson Hospital"

Statement of the problem

This study will determine the Influence of Education and Assessment Methods on
Radiation Protection Awareness in Non-Radiologic Healthcare Professionals in Dr. Gloria D.
Lacson Hospital. More specifically, it will answer the following questions:

1. The personal details of respondents in terms of

1.1 Gender
1.2 Age
1.3 Occupation
1.4 Years of experience
2. How well educated are they when it comes to radiation protection?
1.1 Knowledge level
1.2 Trainings
3. What is the Non- radiologic Medical staff Radiation Protection Knowledge and
Understanding?