Different
October 26, 2024
Types of
Research
PRESENTED BY
Leslie Alcober
Angelyn San Pedro
A guide on choosing research...
Introduction
Research is a critical aspect of human
advancement, propelling progress in
various fields such as science,
technology, medicine, and social
sciences.
It involves systematic investigation
and study of materials and sources to
establish facts and reach new
conclusions.
Research can be broadly categorized
based on its purpose, methodology,
and data collection techniques.
Types of Research
1 Basic Research 6 Non-Experimental Research
2 Applied Research 7 Longitudinal Research
3 Descriptive Research 10 Cross-Sectional Research
4 Analytical Research 11 Action Research
5 Quantitative Research 12 Case Study Research
6 Qualitative Research 13 Survey Research
7 Experimental Research
Basic Research
This type aims to expand knowledge
by formulating theories or principles
without immediate practical
application.
Example: Investigating the genetic
mechanisms underlying cancer
development.
Applied Research
This type seeks to solve specific,
practical problems using scientific
methods.
Example: Developing a new drug
to treat cancer.
Descriptive Research
It aims to answer questions about
"what is" by providing a detailed
account without exploring the reasons
or causes.
Example: A study detailing the
demographics of a population.
Analytical Research
This type goes beyond mere
description to understand a
phenomenon's underlying causes or
reasons.
Example: Investigating the factors
contributing to the high rate of
diabetes in a specific population.
Quantitative Research
It involves statistical, mathematical, or
computational techniques to analyze
data, focusing on measuring variables
and identifying patterns or correlations.
Example: Conducting a survey to
determine the average number of hours
people sleep per night.
Qualitative Research
This type explores phenomena through
non-numerical data, such as text,
images, or audio. It seeks to understand
concepts, experiences, or social
contexts by analyzing patterns, themes,
and narratives.
Example: Conducting interviews to
explore people's experiences with
insomnia.
Experimental Research
This type involves manipulating one or
more variables to observe the effect on
another variable, typically within a
controlled environment.
Example: Testing the effectiveness of a
new teaching method by comparing the
performance of students in experimental
and control groups.
Non-Experimental Research
This type does not involve manipulation
of variables. Instead, it observes and
analyzes relationships between variables
as they naturally occur.
Example: Studying the correlation
between students' study habits and their
academic performance.
Longitudinal Research
This type collects data over an extended
period, tracking changes and
developments in the subject of study. It
helps identify trends and long-term effects.
Example: A study following the health
outcomes of a group of individuals over 20
years.
Cross-Sectional Research
This type collects data at a single point
in time from a sample that represents a
larger population. It provides a snapshot
of a phenomenon at a specific moment.
Example: A survey assesing public
opinion on healthcare during a specific
month is an example.
Action Research
This type involves a cyclic process of
planning, acting, observing, and
reflecting, aimed at solving a specific
problem and improving practices.
Example: Teachers conducting
research to improve classroom
management techniques.
Case Study Research
This type involves an in-depth analysis
of a single case or a small number of
cases within their real-life context. It
provides detailed insights but may have
limited generalizability.
Example: Analyzing the business
strategies of a successful startup.
Survey Research
This type gathers data from a large
number of respondents using
questionnaires or interviews. It aims to
generalize findings to a larger
population.
Example: A nationwide survey on
consumer satisfaction with healthcare
services.
Conclusion
Helps researchers choose
appropriate methodologies and
approaches for their studies.
By selecting the right type of
research, researchers can ensure
their investigations are structured
effectively, yielding valuable
insights and contributing to the
advancement of knowledge in their
respective fields.
