Hayat institute

Assignment 12th physics

1. Light from a point source in air falls on a spherical glass surface (n = 1.5 and radius of curvature =
20 cm). The distance of the light source from the glass surface is 100 cm. At what position the image
is formed?
2. (i) If f = 0.5 m for a glass lens, what is the power of the lens?
(ii) The radii of curvature of the faces of a double convex lens are 10 cm and 15 cm. Its focal length
is 12 cm. What is the refractive index of glass?
(iii) A convex lens has 20 cm focal length in air. What is focal length in water? (Refractive index of
air-water = 1.33, refractive index for air-glass = 1.5.)
3. A tank is filled with water to a height of 12.5 cm. The apparent depth of a needle lying at the bottom
of the tank is measured by a microscope to be 9.4 cm. What is the refractive index of water? If water
is replaced by a liquid of refractive index 1.63 up to the same height, by what distance would the
microscope have to be moved to focus on the needle again?
4. A small bulb is placed at the bottom of a tank containing water to a depth of 80cm. What is the area
of the surface of water through which light from the bulb can emerge out? Refractive index of water
is 1.33. (Consider the bulb to be a point source.)
5. A prism is made of glass of unknown refractive index. A parallel beam of light is incident on a face
of the prism. The angle of minimum deviation is measured to be 40°. What is the refractive index of
the material of the prism? The refracting angle of the prism is 60°. If the prism is placed in water
(refractive index 1.33), predict the new angle of minimum deviation of a parallel beam of light.
6. Double-convex lenses are to be manufactured from a glass of refractive index 1.55, with both faces
of the same radius of curvature. What is the radius of curvature required if the focal length is to be
20cm?
7. What is the focal length of a convex lens of focal length 30cm in contact with a concave lens of focal
length 20cm? Is the system a converging or a diverging lens? Ignore thickness of the lenses.
8. A compound microscope consists of an objective lens of focal length 2.0 cm and an eyepiece of
focal length 6.25 cm separated by a distance of 15cm. How far from the objective should an object
be placed in order to obtain the final image at
(a) the least distance of distinct vision (25cm), and (b) at infinity? What is the magnifying power of
the microscope in each case?
9. A person with a normal near point (25 cm) using a compound microscope with objective of focal
length 8.0 mm and an eyepiece of focal length 2.5cm can bring an object placed at 9.0mm from the
objective in sharp focus. What is the separation between the two lenses? Calculate the magnifying
power of the microscope.
10. A small telescope has an objective lens of focal length 144cm and an eyepiece of focal length 6.0cm.
What is the magnifying power of the telescope? What is the separation between the objective and the
eyepiece?
11. (a) A giant refracting telescope at an observatory has an objective lens of focal length 15m. If an
eyepiece of focal length 1.0cm is used, what is the angular magnification of the telescope?
 (b) If this telescope is used to view the moon, what is the diameter of the image of the moon formed
by the objective lens? The diameter of the moon is 3.48 × 10 6 m, and the radius of lunar orbit is 3.8
× 108 m.
12. At what angle should a ray of light be incident on the face of a prism of refracting angle 60° so that it
just suffers total internal reflection at the other face? The refractive index of the material of the prism
is 1.524.
13. An angular magnification (magnifying power) of 30X is desired using an objective of focal length
1.25cm and an eyepiece of focal length 5cm. How will you set up the compound microscope?
14. A small telescope has an objective lens of focal length 140cm and an eyepiece of focal length 5.0cm.
What is the magnifying power of the telescope for viewing distant objects when
(a) the telescope is in normal adjustment (i.e., when the final image is at infinity)?
(b) the final image is formed at the least distance of distinct vision (25cm)?
15. (a) When monochromatic light is incident on a surface separating two media, the reflected and
refracted light both have the same frequency as the incident frequency. Explain why?
(b) When light travels from a rarer to a denser medium, the speed decreases. Does the reduction in
speed imply a reduction in the energy carried by the light wave?
(c) In the wave picture of light, intensity of light is determined by the square of the amplitude of the
wave. What determines the intensity of light in the photon picture of light.
16. What is the shape of the wavefront in each of the following cases:
(a) Light diverging from a point source.
(b) Light emerging out of a convex lens when a point source is placed at its focus.
(c) The portion of the wavefront of light from a distant star intercepted by the Earth.
17. In a Young’s double-slit experiment, the slits are separated by 0.28 mm and the screen is placed 1.4
m away. The distance between the central bright fringe and the fourth bright fringe is measured to be
1.2 cm. Determine the wavelength of light used in the experiment.
18. In Young’s double-slit experiment using monochromatic light of wavelength 𝜆, the intensity of light
at a point on the screen where path difference is l, is K units. What is the intensity of light at a point
where path difference is 𝜆 /3?
19. A beam of light consisting of two wavelengths, 650 nm and 520 nm, is used to obtain interference
fringes in a Young’s double-slit experiment.
(a) Find the distance of the third bright fringe on the screen from the central maximum for
wavelength 650 nm.
(b) What is the least distance from the central maximum where the bright fringes due to both the
wavelengths coincide?
20. The work function of caesium is 2.14 eV. Find
(a) the threshold frequency for caesium, and
(b) the wavelength of the incident light if the photocurrent is brought to zero by a stopping potential
of 0.60 V.
21. The work function of caesium metal is 2.14 eV. When light of frequency 6 ×1014 Hz is incident on
the metal surface, photoemission of electrons occurs. What is the
(a) maximum kinetic energy of the emitted electrons,
(b) Stopping potential, and
(c) maximum speed of the emitted photoelectrons?
22. The threshold frequency for a certain metal is 3.3 × 1014 Hz. If light of frequency 8.2 × 1014 Hz is
incident on the metal, predict the cutoff voltage for the photoelectric emission.
23. The work function for a certain metal is 4.2 eV. Will this metal give photoelectric emission for
incident radiation of wavelength 330 nm?
24. Light of wavelength 488 nm is produced by an argon laser which is used in the photoelectric effect.
When light from this spectral line is incident on the emitter, the stopping (cut-off) potential of
photoelectrons is 0.38 V. Find the work function of the material from which the emitter is made.
25. What is the de Broglie wavelength of
(a) a bullet of mass 0.040 kg travelling at the speed of 1.0 km/s,
(b) a ball of mass 0.060 kg moving at a speed of 1.0 m/s, and
(c) a dust particle of mass 1.0 × 10-9 kg drifting with a speed of 2.2 m/s ?
26. A difference of 2.3 eV separates two energy levels in an atom. What is the frequency of radiation
emitted when the atom make a transition from the upper level to the lower level?
27. The ground state energy of hydrogen atom is –13.6 eV. What are the kinetic and potential energies
of the electron in this state?
28. A hydrogen atom initially in the ground level absorbs a photon, which excites it to the n = 4 level.
Determine the wavelength and frequency of photon.
29. The radius of the innermost electron orbit of a hydrogen atom is 5.3×10-11 m. What are the radii of
the n = 2 and n =3 orbits?
30. A 12.5 eV electron beam is used to bombard gaseous hydrogen at room temperature. What series of
wavelengths will be emitted?
31. Obtain the binding energy of the nuclei 56 209
26𝐹𝑒 and 83𝐵𝑖 in units of MeV from the following data: m (
56 209
26𝐹𝑒 ) = 55.934939 u , m ( 83𝐵𝑖 ) = 208.980388 u
32. The Q value of a nuclear reaction A + b → C + d is defined by Q = [ 𝑚𝐴 + 𝑚𝑏 − 𝑚𝐶 − 𝑚𝑑 ]𝑐 2 where
the masses refer to the respective nuclei. Determine from the given data the Q-value of the following
reactions and state whether the reactions are exothermic or endothermic.
(i) 11𝐻 + 31𝐻 → 21𝐻 + 21𝐻
(ii) 126𝐶 + 126𝐶 → 20 4
10𝑁𝑒 + 2𝐻𝑒
Atomic masses are given to be m ( 21𝐻 ) = 2.014102 u, m ( 31𝐻 ) = 3.016049 u,
m ( 126𝐶 ) = 12.000000 u, m ( 20
10𝑁𝑒 ) = 19.992439 u
33. In half-wave rectification, what is the output frequency if the input frequency is 50 Hz. What is the
output frequency of a full-wave rectifier for the same input frequency.