IMMUNOLOGY

[GATE 2000]
1. Antigenic peptides are presented to T-cells by
(A) TCR/CD3
(B) CO28
(C) CTL A
(D) MHC
[GATE 2001]
3. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay used to detect antigens or antibodies
utilizes those enzymes that
(A) Have a high turnover rate.
(B) Yield a stable colored product.
(C) Are stable on conjugation to protein.
(D) All of the above.
[GATE 2001]
4. IgM class of antibodies are more effective than IgG in bringing about
complement-mediated lysis because
(A) IgM has a higher affinity for complement components
(B) IgM has a higher affinity for antigen binding.
(C) IgM is a pentamer.
(D)IgM is present in higher concentration.
[GATE 2001]
5. Which of the following statements is false?
(A) MHC class II molecules are present on all nucleated cells.
(B) MHC class Il molecules polypeptides made up of two
(C) MHC class molecules are present on all nucleated cells.
(D) T-cell response is MHC-restricted
[GATE 2001]
6. The class of immunoglobulins that can get transported across epithelial cells
is
(A) IgG
(B) IgM
(C) IgA
(D) All of these
[GATE 2002]
8. In the three-dimensional structure immunoglobulin G of
(A) Free SH-groups are conserved to function in binding of antigen
(B) CH and VH association form the complementary antigen binding sites.
(C) The predominant secondary structure is a-helix.
(D)Hinge regions connect the globular domains.
[GATE 2002]
9. The class of immunoglobulin's mast abundant in body fluids is
(A) IgM
(B) IgG
(C) IgA
(D) IgE
[GATE 2002]
10. Which one of the following participates in phagocytic activities?
(A) Neutrophils
(B) Mast cells
(C) T-cells
(D) Thrombocytes
[GATE 2002]
13. Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is associated with
(A) High levels of insulin.
(B) Severe weight gain.
(C) Destruction of B-cells of pancreas.
(D) Mutation of insulin receptor.
[GATE 2003]
15. Class switching occurs in a B-cell to produce IgG from IgM.
Which one of the following conclusions is correct?
(A) Specificity of the IgG and IgM are different from each other.
(B) Specificity of the IgG is the same as IgM.
(C) The molecular weight of the new antibody is the same as the old one.
(D) The valency of the new antibody is the same as the old one.
[GATE 2003]
15. Class switching occurs in a B-cell to produce IgG from IgM.
Which one of the following conclusions is correct?
(A) Specificity of the IgG and IgM are different from each other.
(B) Specificity of the IgG is the same as IgM.
(C) The molecular weight of the new antibody is the same as the old one.
(D) The valency of the new antibody is the same as the old one.

[GATE 2003]
16. In an antigen-antibody Interaction, in the zone of equivalence, the isolated
antigen IgG complex was found to be in the molar ratio of antigen to IgG is
2:1. The number of epitope(s) present on the antigen is
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 4
(D) 10
[GATE 2004]
17. A team of researchers had used the following eluting buffers to prepare an anti-
albumin IgG from an ant IgG affinity column,
Buffer A: 0. 1 M Glycine-HCI, pH 3.0
Buffer B: 0.1 M Sodium acetate, pH 6.0
Buffer C: 0.1 M Sodium phosphate, pH 7.0
Buffer D: 0.1 M Tris HCl, pH 8.0 Which of the above buffers can be used for ant
albumin IgG elution?
(A) Buffer A (B) Buffer B
(C) Buffer C (D) Buffer D
[GATE 2004]
17. A team of researchers had used the following eluting buffers to prepare an anti-
albumin IgG from an ant IgG affinity column,
Buffer A: 0. 1 M Glycine-HCI, pH 3.0
Buffer B: 0.1 M Sodium acetate, pH 6.0
Buffer C: 0.1 M Sodium phosphate, pH 7.0
Buffer D: 0.1 M Tris HCl, pH 8.0 Which of the above buffers can be used for ant
albumin IgG elution?
(A) Buffer A (B) Buffer B
(C) Buffer C (D) Buffer D

[GATE 2004]
18. In case of humans, passive immunity observed in new-born child is due to the
passage of the following immunoglobulin from the mother to the child through
placenta:
(A) IgD (B) IgE
(C) IgM (D) IgG
[GATE 2004]
19. Monoclonal antibodies were raised against three
different proteins containing unique epitopes. All the monoclonal antibodies were
mixed together and placed in one of the wells in an Ouchterlony double diffusion
plate. Similarly, all three proteins were mixed together and placed in the adjacent
well. The number of precipitin bands observed after Incubation are
(A) 3 (C) 1
(B) 2 (D) 0
[GATE 2004
20. The molecular weight of IgG-antigen complex at antigen excess is 300 kD.
The molecular weight of antigen is
(A) 75 (B) 50
(C) 100 (D) 150
[GATE 2004)
21. Genetic variation between individuals within a species involving
different alleles at a focus is called
(A) isotypic variation.
(B) idiotypic variation.
(C) allotypic variation.
(D) haplotypic variation
[GATE 2005]
22. The sensitivity of a radioimmunoassay depends primarily on
(A) titer of the antibody
(B) specificity of the antibody.
(C) specific activity of the ligand.
(D) purity of the antigen
[GATE 2005]
23. The choice of the enzyme used in ELISA depends on .
A) Purity of the enzyme
(B) Turnover number.
(C) Its absence in biological sample which is being analyzed.
(D) Its availability in bulk.
[GATE 2005]
24. The T-cell antigen receptor
A) Recognizes conformational epitopes on the native molecule.
(B) Has Ig light chains.
(C) is made up of heavy chain mid B-2-microglobulin.
(D) Recognizes epitopes on linear peptides. associated with MHC
determinants.
[GATE 2006]
25 Pepsin hydrolysis of IgG molecule will result in the production of
(A) One Fc fragment and one F(ab')2 fragment.
(B) One Fc fragment and two Fab fragments.
(C) One Fc fragment and one Fab fragment.
(D) One F(ab')2 fragment and one Fab fragment
[GATE 2006]
26. Select the correct combination to fill in the blanks.
_____are responsible for the production of antibody against free pathogens and
soluble products from pathogens, while ____destroy pathogen and virally
infected cells and abnormal cells.
(A) Cytotoxic T-cells, B-cells
(B) Macrophages, T-cells
(C) B-cells, Helper T-cells
(D) B cells, Cytotoxic T-cells
[GATE 2006)
27. Immunological memory is manifested during
(A) Primary memory responses.
(B) Non-specific immune responses.
(C) Innate immune responses.
(D) Secondary immune responses.

.
[GATE 2007]
28. Systemic lupus erythematous (SLE), an autoimmune disease, is characterized
by the presence of
(A) Anti-DNA antibodies.
(B) Anti-thyroglobulin antibodies.
(C) Anti-insulin antibodies.
(D) Anti-collagen antibodies.
[GATE 2007]
29. In addition to adjuvants, generation of anti-hapten antiliodies will require
injection of
(A) The hapten to a mice.
(B) A mixture of hapten and protein to a mice.
(C) The hapten covalently linked to a protein to a mice
(D)A mixture of hapten and lipid to a mice.
[GATE 2008]
31. Serum IgM cannot activate the complement by itself because
(A) it does not have complement binding site.
(B) it is planar in which complement binding sites in the Fc region are not accessible.
(C) it gets degraded and hence unable to activate the
complement.
(D) it needs metal ions to activate complement
[GATE 2008]
32. Nucleated cells tend to be more resistant to
complement mediated lysis than RBC because.
(A) Many nucleated cells can endocytose the membrane attack complex
B) Membrane attack complex cannot get inserted in the nucleated cell membrane.
(C) Membrane attack complex can get inactivated by
the nucleated cells.
(D) Membrane attack complex gets inactivated hence cannot get inserted in the nucleated
cell membrane.
[GATE 2008)
33. One common feature between B-cells and T-cells is that
(A) Both cells produce antibodies.
(B) Both cells possess MHC class it.
(C) Both B-cell receptor and T-cell receptor undergo rearrangement.
(D) Both cells can produce cytokines.
 [GATE 2008)
34. In hybridoma technology, the myeloma cells used
(A) Lack HGPRTase.
(B) Lack of the ability to produce Ig.
(C) Lack with HGPRTase and ability to produce ig
(D) Lack thymidine kinase
[GATE 2010]
37. Positive selection of T-cells ensures
(A) MHC restriction.
(B) Self-tolerance.
(C) TCR engagements.
(D) Activation by co-stimulatory signal
[GATE 2010]
38. Match the items in Column I with those in Column II.
Column I. Column II
P. Isotype switching 1. VH domain
Q. Clonal energy. 2.Non responsive to self antigen
R.Class II MHC. 3.Non responsive Th cells
S.self tolerance 4.B2-microglobulin
(A) P-1; Q-4; R-3,5-2
(B) P-2; Q-4; R-1;5-3
(C) P-1; Q-3; R-4;5-2
(D) P-2; Q-1; R-3,5-4
GATE- 2011
39. Match P, Q, R and S with the appropriate numbers 1 to 6 on the right.

P) Basophils 1) Perforin

Q) T cells 2) Phagocytosis

R) B cells 3) Albumin

S) Neutrophils 4) Macroglobulin
5) Fc receptors for IgE
6) Plasma cells

(A) P-5, Q-1, R-6, 5-2

(B) P-1, Q-2, R-3,S-4
(C) P-3, Q-4, R-5, S-1
(D) P-2, Q-6, R-1,S-3
[GATE 2011]
40. Three samples of antibodies were electrophoresed under denaturing and
reducing conditions on a 15% acrylamide gel, followed by staining with
Coomassie blue dye. Samples 1, 2 and 3 showed two, three and four stainable
bands respectively. Which one of the following conclusions can be made from
these observations?
(A) Sample 1 is IgG, 2 is IgA and 3 is IgM
(B) Sample 1 is IgA, 2 is IgM and 3 is IgG
(C) Sample 1 is IgG, 2 is IgM and 3 is IgA
(D) Sample 1 is IgA, 2 is IgG and 3 is IgM
[GATE 2011]
41 . Horseradish peroxidase and alkaline phosphatase arethe two enzymes
commonly utilized as reagents in ELISA, because these enzymes.
(A) are colored proteins
(B) have high turnover number
(C) are very small
(D) bind to ELISA plates
[GATE 2012]
43. The membrane of mature B-cells have
(A) Both IgG and IgM
(B) Both IgG and IgD.
(C) Both IgM and IgE
(D) Both IgM and IgD
(GATE 2015)
47. Match the contents of Column I appropriate options in Column II.
Column I Column II

P. Complement Clq 1.CD34

Q. L-Selectin ii. Complement C5b

R. Membrane Attack Complex iii. Fc region of antibody

S. T-Helper cells iv. Complement C5a

v. CD40L
(A) P-iii; Q-v: R-iv; S-1
(B) P-I ; Q-ii; Riv; S-v
(C) P-iii ;Q-i ;R-ii; S-v
(D) P-iv; Q-v; Rii; S-l
[GATE 2017]
49. Which one of the following features is NOT appropriate for Fab fragment of
IgG?
(A) Contains antigen binding site
(B) Contains an intact L-chain
(C) Two fragments are formed from one IgG molecule
(D) Mediates complement fixation in the intact IgG
molecule
[GATE 2017)
50. Which one of the following is NOT TRUE for class 1 MHC protein?
(A) MHC class I protein are polymorphic
(B ) T-cell receptors recognizes MHC class I protein
(C) MHC class I protein are displayed on the surfaces of nucleated vertebrate
cells.
(D) β2-microglobulin is covalently associated with MHC class i protein
[GATE 2018]
51. Which one of the following properties of the myeloma cells is used in
the hybridoma technology to generate monoclonal antibody?
(A) Lack of thymidylate synthase
(B) Over-expression of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase
(C) Over-expression of inosine 5-monophosphate cyclohydrolase
(D) Lack of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase
[GATE 2018]
52. The type-ll hypersensitivity reaction is mainly mediated by
(A) IgE
(B) IgM
(C) IgA
(D) T cells
[GATE 2019]
53. RAG recombinase is responsible for the formation of specific immune
receptors. This process occurs in
(A) T cells & B cells
(B) Natural killer cells
(C) Macrophages
(D) Neutrophils
[GATE 2019]
54 Allergies are due to a hyper immune response. Drugs given to counter
allergies target
(A) Glycine
(B) Histamine
(C) Insulin
(D) Cellulose
[GATE 2019]
55. A mixture of the following purified proteins, IgG, IgM and Fab fragment of
immunoglobulin's, separated using gel filtration chromatography. The order of
elution of these proteins (first to last) is

(A) Fab fragment, IgM and IgG

(B) IgM, IgG and Fab fragment
(C) Fab fragment, IgG and IgM
(D) IgG, IgM and Fab fragment
[GATE 2019]
56. IgG has four chains. Purified monoclonal IgG was subjected to electrophoresis. The
number of bands visible by
A. Reducing SDS-PAGE
B. Isoelectric focusing
C. Native PAGE
(A) A-2; B-1; C-1
(B) A-2; B-4: C-2
(C) A-1 B-1; C-2
(D) A-4; B-2; C-4
[GATE 2020]
57. The human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is
(A) Monogenic and polymorphic
(B) Polygenic and polymorphic
(C) Monogenic and monomorphic
(D) Polygenic and monomorphic
[GATE 2020]
58. Match the items in Group I with the most appropriate items in Group II
and choose the correct option,
Column I Column II
P. Integrin 1. Phagocytosis in the neural tissue

Q. Microglial cell 2. Antigen processing by cross- presentation

R. TLR-7 3. Single stranded RNA recognition

S. Dendritic cell 4. Binding of cells to endothelium

(A) P-4, Q-1, R-2,S-3

(B) P-1, Q-2, R-3,S-4
(C) P-2, Q-1, R-3,S-4
(D) P-4, Q-1, R-3,S-2
[GATE 2021]
59. Anti-8 antibodies are present in the serum
(A) Blood group AB
(B) Blood group A
(C) Blood group O
(D) Blood group B
[GATE 2021]
60. Which one of the following cells lack hypoxanthine guanine
phosphoribosyl-transferase (HGPRT)?
(A) Macrophage
(B) T Cell
(C) B Cell
(D) Myeloma Cell
[GATE 2021]
61. Binding of an antibody to its cognate antigen does NOT involve
(A) Covalent bonds
(B) Electrostatic forces
(C) Hydrogen bonds
(D) Van der Waals forces
[GATE 2022]
62. Which of the immune cells listed below are agranular?
P. Eosinophil's
Q. Mast cells
R. Monocytes
S. T-cells
(A) Q and R only
(B) P and Q only
(C) S and P only
(D) R and S only
[GATE 2022
63. Which of the following statements about IgA is/are correct?
(A) It is secreted into colostrum.
(B) Its secretion is facilitated by poly-Ig receptor
(C) It primarily exists as a dimer in serum.
(D) it is transported across the cell by transcytosis.
[GATE 2023)
64. In a population, the probability of a susceptibleindividual getting
infected with SARS-CoV-2 is low when a majority of individuals in the
population becomes immune to this virus. This phenomenon known as
(A) Innate immunity
(B) adaptive immunity
(C) active immunity
(D) herd immunity
[GATE 2023)
65. Match the cell types listed in Group I associated processes listed in Group II.
Group I Group II

(p) NK cells (i) Antibody production

(q) B cells (ii) First cells to be recruited at the site of infection

(r) Mast cells (iii) Antibody-dependent cell- mediated cytotoxicity

(s) Neutrophils (iv) Histamine production

A. (p)-(ii) ; (q)-(i);(r)-(iii) ; (s)-(iv)

B. (q) -(ii); (q) -(i); (r) - (iv); (s)-(iii)
C. (p)-(iii); (q)- (i) ; (r)-(iv); (s)-(ii)
D. (p)-(iii); (q)-(ii):(r)-(i):(s)-(iv)
[GATE 2024]
67. In mammals, hematopoietic stem cells that give rise to different types of
blood cells are known as
(a) totipotent stem cells.
(b) pluripotent stem cells.
(c) myeloid progenitor cells.
(d) lymphoid progenitor cells.
[GATE 2024]
69, Factor H, a complement regulatory protein in plasma, binds Cab and
(A)competes with factor B to displace Bb from convertase.
(B) initiates the catabolism of C36 into inactivate products
(C) then binds to C3bBb convertase
(D)acts as a cofactor for factor 1.