A-

ARC- the arc of a circle is defined as the part or segment of the circumference of a circle. A straight
line that connects the two ends of the arc is known as a chord of a circle. If the length of an arc is
exactly half of the circle, it is known as a semi-circular arc.

ANGLE - angle is formed when two rays are joined together at a common point. The common point
here is called node or vertex and the two rays are called arms of the angle.

ADJACENT ANGLES - In geometry, two angles are adjacent if they have a common side and a
common -vertex. In other words, adjacent angles are directly next to each other and do not overlap.

ARC LENGTH - The arc length of a circle can be calculated with the radius and central angle using the
arc length formula, Length of an Arc = θ × r, where θ is in radian. Length of an Arc = θ × (π/180) × r,
where θ is in degree.

AREA - Area is the amount of space occupied by a two-dimensional figure. In other words, it is the
quantity that measures the number of unit squares that cover the surface of a closed figure. The
standard unit of area is square units which is generally represented as square inches, square feet,
etc.

BISECTS

IN Geometry IT IS divide (a line, angle, shape, etc.) into two equal parts.
BINOMIAL
a binomial is an algebraic expression consisting of the sum or difference of two terms. Binomials are
one type of polynomial ("poly" means "more than one"). In the binomial expression 3x + 2, the two
terms "3x" and "2" are connected by addition.
BOUNDED REGION-A bounded region has either a boundary or some set of or constraints placed
upon them. In other words, a bounded shape cannot be an infinitely large area—it's defined by a set
of measurements or parameters. A square, drawn on a Cartesian plane, has a natural boundary (four
sides).
C

CHORDS OF A CIRCLE - A chord of a circle is a straight line that connects any two points located on
the circumference. If the chord passes through the center of the circle, then it is called a diameter. A
diameter divides the circle into two equal parts. The segment that represents half the length of a
diameter is called the radius.

CENTRAL ANGLE-A central angle is an angle whose apex (vertex) is the center O of a circle and whose
legs (sides) are radii intersecting the circle in two distinct points A and B. Central angles are
subtended by an arc between those two points, and the arc length is the central angle of a circle of
radius one (measured in radians).
CIRCLE-A circle is a two-dimensional shape in which all points on the circumference (i.e., perimeter)
are equidistant from the center point (i.e., center) of the shape. The radius of a circle is the distance
from the center point to any point on the circumference. An arc is part of the circumference.

COMPLANAR RAYS-Coplanar lines are any number of lines that lie on the same plane. A single line is
trivially coplanar since it lies on infinitely many planes; however, two lines are, in general, not
coplanar. If the two lines are parallel, then they lie on the same plane.

CORRESPONDING INTERCEPTED ARCS- Intercepted arc: Corresponding to an angle, this is the portion
of the circle that lies in the interior of the angle together with the endpoints of the arc.

Center of Circle - A circle is defined as the locus of a moving point on a plane such that its distance
from a fixed point on the plane remains constant or fixed. That fixed point is called the center of the
circle. Let us learn more about the center of a circle in this article.

COMMON INTERIOR POINTS - Adjacent angles are two angles in a plane that have a common vertex

share any "inside space." ∠COB and ∠AOB are adjacent angles since they have a common vertex,
and a common side. They do not have any common interior points. In other words, they do not

share a common side, and share no common interior points

CIRCUMFERENCE OF CIRCLE- The Circumference (or) perimeter of circle = 2πR

Pi (π) is a special mathematical constant; it is the ratio of circumference to diameter of any circle.

CONGRUENT CIRCLES - two circles with the same radius. Diameter – A segment that goes through
the center of the circle, with both endpoints on the edge of the circle. Chord - A line segment that
goes from one point to another on the circle's circumference.

and CD are two arcs of the same circle, then they form ∠AOB and ∠COD at the center. If the
CONGRUENT ARCS - Two arcs can be called congruent if they have the same degree measure. If AB

measure of these two angles is the same, then ∠AB and ∠CD are said to be congruent arcs.

CINTEMETER- A centimeter is a metric unit used to measure length. 1 centimeter is equal to 10

millimeters or 0.01 meter. A cheerio is typically the size of 1 cm in diameter.

CUBE- In Maths or in Geometry, a Cube is a solid three-dimensional figure, which has 6 square faces,
8 vertices and 12 edges. It is also said to be a regular hexahedron.

CUBE ROOT- A cube root in math is any number that can be multiplied by itself three times to equal
a cube. A perfect cube has a cube root that is a whole integer rather than a decimal or fraction.

CONSICUTIVE ANGLES - Consecutive angles are the angles that formed when a transversal intersects
two parallel lines. Each angle from a pair of consecutive angles lies on each of the parallel lines on
any one side of the transversal (either interior or exterior). Let us learn more about it in detail in this
article.

CONCENTRIC CIRCLES - A concentric circles is defined as two or more circles with a common center.
Each concentric circle will have a different radius but the same center point which is also called a
midpoint

CONSTANT TERM-In mathematics, a constant term (sometimes referred to as a free term) is a term
in an algebraic expression that does not contain any variables and therefore is constant. For
example, in the quadratic polynomial, The number 3 is a constant term.
COEFFICIENT- coefficient. noun. co·ef·fi·cient ˌkō-ə-ˈfish-ənt. : a number that serves as a measure of
some property (as of a substance) or characteristic (as of a device or process) and that is commonly
used as a factor in computations.

DIAMETER- The diameter of a circle is a line segment that passes through the center of a circle and
has two endpoints at the circumference. It is twice the length of the radius of a circle, i.e., Diameter
= 2 × Radius.

DIVIDE- di·vid·ed, di·vid·ing. to separate into parts, groups, sections, etc. Antonyms: unite. to
separate or part from something else; sunder; cut off. Synonyms: shear, sever.

DEGREES- A degree (in full, a degree of arc, arc degree, or arcdegree), usually denoted by ° (the
degree symbol), is a measurement of a plane angle in which one full rotation is 360 degrees. Degree.
One degree (shown in red) and eighty nine degrees (shown in blue). The lined area is a right angle.
General information.

Depressed equation. The equation resulting from reducing the number of roots in an equation.

DIVIDING POLYNOMIALS

TWO TYPES OF POLYNOMIAL DIVISION

Dividing polynomials by monomials. Dividing polynomials by binomials. Dividing a polynomial using

another polynomial.

DIVISOR - A divisor is a number that divides another number. Without a divisor, we cannot divide
numbers.

dividend is a portion of a company's earnings received by a shareholder. It's a way for a business to
distribute profits to its owners. Dividend means divide – in this case, among shareholders.
Companies are not obliged to pay a dividend.

degree of polynomial function - The degree of a polynomial is the highest power of x in its
expression.

DENOMINATOR- the number below the line in a common fraction; a divisor.

a figure representing the total population in terms of which statistical values are expressed.
E

EQUAL- The equal sign in math is a sign that shows the equality between two expressions. In simple
words, the meaning of equal sign is that there is an equality between the values, or expressions
written on both the sides.

ENDPOINTS- An endpoint is defined as a point at which a line segment or a ray ends. In general, an
endpoint is the furthermost or the ending point.

EQUATIONS- An equation in math is defined as a set of numbers that contain operations and can
contain a variable

EVEN NUMBERS- Any number that can be exactly divided by 2 is called as an even number. Even
numbers always end up with the last digit as 0, 2, 4, 6 or 8.

FACTOR- factor, in mathematics, a number or algebraic expression that divides another number or
expression evenly—i.e., with no remainder.

FUNDAMENTAL THEOREM OF ALGEBRA- fundamental theorem of algebra, theorem of equations

proved by Carl Friedrich Gauss in 1799. It states that every polynomial equation of degree n with
complex number coefficients has n roots, or solutions, in the complex numbers. The roots can have a
multiplicity greater than zero.

GRATERTHAN- Greater than symbol is used when we have to compare two values, in which one
value is greater than another value.

HYPOTENUSE- In Mathematics, the term “Hypotenuse” comes from the Greek word hypoteinousa
that means “stretching under”.

INSCRIBED ANGLES- In geometry, an inscribed angle is the angle formed in the interior of a circle
when two chords intersect on the circle.

INTERIOR POINTS- An interior point, in the context of computer science, refers to a method used in
convex optimization where the initial feasible solution is approximated as a point within the feasible
region.

INTERIOR ANGLES- An interior angle is an angle inside a shape. The polygons are the closed shape
that has sides and vertices. A regular polygon has all its interior angles equal to each other. For
example, a square has all its interior angles equal to the right angle or 90 degrees.

INTERCEPTED ARC- An intercepted arc is formed when two lines go through the circumference of the
circle and share a common point, or vertex.

LENGTHS- Length is a measurement, which identifies the distance between two points. It also
measures how long an object is, its height and its width.
LESS THAN- The less-than sign is one of the inequality signs, which is used to compare the number. If
the first number is less than the second number, less sign is used

LINE SEGMENTS- In geometry, a line segment is a part of a straight line that is bounded by two
distinct end points, and contains every point on the line that is between its endpoints.

LINE- A line is a one-dimensional figure, which has length but no width. A line is made of a set of
points which is extended in opposite directions infinitely

LEADING COEFFICIENT- Leading coefficients are the numbers written in front of the variable with the
largest exponent.

LONG DIVISION- Long Division is a method for dividing large numbers, which breaks the division
problem into multiple steps following a sequence. Just like the regular division problems, the
dividend is divided by the divisor which gives a result known as the quotient, and sometimes it gives
a remainder too.

Linear factors are polynomials with degree one and are represented as ax +b, where a is a nonzero
coefficient and b is constant. For example: 3x+5, 2x.

LINEAR EQUATIONS- linear equation. noun. : an equation in which each term is either a constant or
contains only one variable, in which each variable has an exponent of 1, and which always has a
straight line as a graph. y = mx + b is the general form of a linear equation where m and b are any
real numbers.

LEADING TERM- In a polynomial, the leading term is the term with the highest power of x. For
example, the leading term of 7+x−3x2 is −3x2. The leading coefficient of a polynomial is the
coefficient of the leading term.

MINOR ARC- An arc whose measure is less than 180 degrees is called a minor arc. An arc whose
measure is greater than 180 degrees is called a major arc.

MAJOR ARC- A major arc is the longer arc connecting two endpoints on a circle. The measure of a
major arc is greater than , and equal to minus the measure of the minor arc with the same
endpoints.

MEASURE- In math, by measure, we mean quantifying the length, weight, capacity (volume), and
many more quantities. Measurement of any quantity is expressed in 2 parts— a numeric value and
the specific unit. The following are the most measured quantities: Length.

MATHEMATIC CONCEPT- A concept is defined as an abstract idea. Therefore, a math concept is a

generalized mathematical idea. Math concepts are things like the ideas of counting, addition, and
multiplication. Basic mathematical concepts have a long history.

MATHEMATICAL PRICIPLES - The fundamental mathematical principles revolve around truth and
precision. Some examples of problems that can be solved using mathematical principles are
always/sometimes/never questions and simple calculations.

N
NON NEGATIVE INTEGER - A nonnegative integer refers to a whole number that is greater than or
equal to zero. It can be represented in different programming languages using various notations,
such as bases 10 and 16 in clang.

A negative exponent is defined as the multiplicative inverse of the base, raised to the power which is
of the opposite sign of the given power. In simple words, we write the reciprocal of the number and
then solve it like positive exponents.

ODD NUMBERS- Odd numbers are the counting numbers whose last digit (or ones place digit) is 1, 3,
5, 7, or 9. In other words, these numbers cannot be equally divided into pairs. It can also be said that
the numbers that are not even numbers are odd numbers.

ORIGIN - In mathematics, especially in the field of coordinate geometry; origin is said to be the initial
point or the starting point from where we begin our calculations or measurements. On a ruler, the 0
is from where we start our measurements; hence it is said to be the origin of the scale.

PROTRACTOR- A Protractor is a tool found in a geometry box usually made of plastic and used to
measure angles. The protractor is also used to draw angles of given measures in degrees. There are
different types of protractors that serve different purposes, such as a circular protractor which can
measure angles up to 360o.

POINTS- In math, a point is an exact location on a plane. A plane is a 2-dimensional, flat surface. A
point is usually marked by a dot and a capital letter. Points can be used to name angles and shapes,
such as rectangle ABCD or line segment YZ.

PROOF OF THEOREM- The proof of a theorem is a logical argument that uses the inference rules of a
deductive system to establish that the theorem is a logical consequence of the axioms and
previously proved theorems. The Pythagorean theorem has at least 370 known proofs.

Postulates are statements that are accepted as true without being proven. Theorems are
statements that can be proven. Postulates are generally the starting point for proving theorems. For

right angles measure 90 ∘ .

instance, to prove the right angle theorem, you need to have the right angle postulate that says all

POLYNOMIAL- In mathematics, a polynomial is a mathematical expression consisting of

indeterminates (also called variables) and coefficients, that involves only the operations of addition,
subtraction, multiplication and exponentiation to nonnegative integer powers, and has a finite
number of terms.

POLYNOMIAL EQUATION- A polynomial equation is defined as an equation that has at least one
algebraic term with at least one variable, and all exponents are integers that are equal to or greater
than zero. A term is one algebraic part of a polynomial. In the equation 2x+6, 2x is a term, and 6 is
another term.

POLYNOMIAL EXPRESSION- In math, a polynomial is a mathematical expression that contains two or

more algebraic terms that are added, subtracted, or multiplied (no division allowed!). Polynomial
expressions include at least one variable and typically include constants and positive exponents as
well. The expression x2 − 4x + 7 is a polynomial.
POLYNOMIAL FUNCTION - A polynomial function is a function that involves only non-negative
integer powers or only positive integer exponents of a variable in an equation like the quadratic
equation, cubic equation, etc. For example, 2x+5 is a polynomial that has exponent equal to 1.

QOUTIENT - The number we obtain when we divide one number by another is the quotient. For
example, in 8 ÷ 4 = 2; here, the result of the division is 2, so it is the quotient. 8 is the dividend and 4
is the divisor.

RADIUS-A radius is a measure of distance from the center of any circular object to its outermost
edge or boundary. A radius is not only a dimension of a circle but also for a sphere, semi-sphere, a
cone with a circular base, a cylinder having circular bases.

RIGHT TRIANGLES-A right-angled triangle is a type of triangle that has one of its angles equal to 90
degrees. The other two angles sum up to 90 degrees. The sides that include the right angle are
perpendicular and the base of the triangle. The third side is called the hypotenuse, which is the
longest side of all three sides.

RADII-In classical geometry, a radius ( pl. : radii or radiuses) of a circle or sphere is any of the line
segments from its center to its perimeter, and in more modern usage, it is also their length. The
name comes from the Latin radius, meaning ray but also the spoke of a chariot wheel.

RAYS-Like a sunray, a ray is part of a line that has a fixed starting point but does not have an
endpoint. A ray can extend infinitely in one direction, meaning that a ray can go on forever in one
direction.

RIGHT ANGLES- A right angle is an angle that is exactly equal to 90 degrees (or π/2) in measure. We
can see many real-life examples of the right angles in our daily life. For example, the corner of a
book, edges of the cardboard, etc.

RATIONAL ROOT - The rational root theorem says, a rational zero of a polynomial is of the form p/q,
where p is a factor of the constant term and q is a factor of the leading coefficient.

ROOTS- The root of a number in math is a number that when multiplied by itself produces the
original number. For example, the square root of 49 is 7 because 7×7=49. In this case, because 7 is
multiplied by itself twice to produce 49, we call 7 the square root of 49.

REMAINDER- A remainder in mathematics is what's left over in a division problem. In the division
process, the number we want to divide up is known as the dividend, while the number we are
dividing by is referred to as the divisor; the result is the quotient. We can find the remainder of a
division problem by using long division.

REAL NUMBERS- Real numbers include rational numbers like positive and negative integers,
fractions, and irrational numbers. In other words, any number that we can think of, except complex
numbers, is a real number. For example, 3, 0, 1.5, 3/2, √5, and so on are real numbers.

RADICAL SIGN

- The √ symbol that is used to denote square root or nth roots. Radical Expression

- A radical expression is an expression containing a square root. Radicand

- A number or expression inside the radical symbol. Radical equation

- An equation containing radical expressions with variables in the radicands.

SEMICIRCLE- a semicircle is a one-dimensional locus of points that forms half of a circle. It is a

circular arc that measures 180° (equivalently, π radians, or a half-turn). It only has one line of
symmetry (reflection symmetry).

SIDES- a line segment that joins two vertices, to form the outline of a 2D or 3D shape.

SUM- In mathematics, the sum can be defined as the result or answer after adding two or more
numbers or terms.

SECTOR OF THE CIRCLE- A sector of a circle is a pie-shaped part of a circle made of the arc along with
its two radii. A portion of the circumference (also known as an arc) of the circle and 2 radii of the
circle meet at both endpoints of the arc formed a sector. The shape of a sector of a circle looks like a
pizza slice or a pie.

SEGMENT OF THE CIRCLE- A segment of a circle can be defined as a region bounded by a chord and a
corresponding arc lying between the chord's endpoints. In other words, a circular segment is a
region of a circle which is created by breaking apart from the rest of the circle through a secant or a
chord.

SECTOR- A sector of a circle is a portion or part of a circle that is composed of an arc and its two
radii.

SEGMENT- A segment of a circle can be defined as a region bounded by a chord and a corresponding
arc lying between the chord's endpoints.

SQUAREROOT- The square root of a number is a value that can be multiplied by itself to give the
original number.

SOLVING- In mathematics, to solve an equation is to find its solutions, which are the values
(numbers, functions, sets, etc.) that fulfill the condition stated by the equation, consisting generally
of two expressions related by an equals sign. When seeking a solution, one or more variables are
designated as unknowns.

SOLUTIONS- A value or values which, when substituted for a variable in an equation, make the
equation true.

SYHTHETIC DIVISIONS - The synthetic division is a shortcut way of polynomial division, especially if
we need to divide it by a linear factor.

STANDARD FORM- The standard form of a polynomial is a way of writing a polynomial such that the
term with the highest power of the variables comes first followed by the other terms in decreasing
order of the power of the variable.
SUBTRACT- In math, subtraction is when you take one number away from another number. In other
words, the subtraction of two from five gives you an answer of three. In school, subtraction is
typically the second operation you learn in arithmetic, after addition.

TWO ENDPOINTS- Endpoints are the points on either end of a line segment or on one end of a ray.

THEOREMS- a general proposition not self-evident but proved by a chain of reasoning; a truth
established by means of accepted truths.

TWO CONGRUENT CIRCLES-Recall that two circles are congruent if they have the same radius then
equal chords of congruent circles subtend equal angles at their centres.

TRIANGLES- A triangle is a polygon with three corners and three sides, one of the basic shapes in
geometry. The corners, also called vertices, are zero-dimensional points while the sides connecting
them, also called edges, are one-dimensional line segments.

VERTEX- the point where two lines meet to form an angle, or the point that is opposite the base of a
shape.

VALUES- value is a number signifying the result of a calculation or function. So, in the example
above, you could tell your teacher that the value of 5 x 6 is 30 or the value of x + y if x = 6 and y = 3 is
9. Value can also refer to a variable or constant.

VARIABLE- In Maths, a variable is an alphabet or term that represents an unknown number or

unknown value or unknown quantity.

X AXIS- The x-axis is the horizontal plane of a graph in a Cartesian coordinate system

Y AXIS- The y-axis is like a vertical ruler. It shows you where an object on a Cartesian plane, a two-
dimensional mathematical graph, is in the y or vertical direction.

ZERO PRODUCT OF PROPERTY- The Zero Product Property simply states that if a b = 0 , then either a
= 0 or b = 0 (or both). A product of factors is zero if and only if one or more of the factors is zero. This
is particularly useful when solving quadratic equations .