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15 views

de_24_1C (1)

Uploaded by

Turgay Ünal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Name:

ID No.
Eskişehir Osmangazi University - Electrical Engineering Department
Differential Equations- Midterm Examination - Fall 2024
Duration: 70 minutes; Directions: All answers should be positioned beside or below their corresponding
questions. Anything written elsewhere won’t be graded. Up to one percent error in the results is tolerated.

Question 1.

Find all c values so that cx2 solves the differential equation

3 dy
x + x2y − y 2 = 2x4, x > 0
dx
Show your work.
dy y y 2
+ − = 2x
dx x x3
cx2 c2 x4
2cx + − 3 = 2x
x x
2
c − 3c + 2 = 0
Thus c = 1 and c = 2.
Question 2.

Find an explicit solution to the differential equation

dy y 2 y
= 2 + + 1, x > 0
dx x x
Show your work.
Homogeneous d.e.! Use y = vx and ẏ = v̇x + v
v̇x + v = v 2 + v + 1
dv dv dx
x = v2 + 1 → 2 = → tan−1 v = ln x + c → v = tan(ln x + c)
dx v +1 x
y
= tan(ln x + c) → y = x tan(ln x + c)
x
Question 3.

Solve the initial value problem

d4y ...
4
− y = 0; y(0) = ẏ(0) = ÿ(0) = y (0) = 1
dx
Show your work.
Auxiliary equation: m4 − 1 =→ (m2 + 1)(m2 − 1) = 0 → m = 1, −1, i, −i
General solution y(x) = c1 ex +c2 e−x +c3 sin x+c4 cos x. Use initial conditions:
y(0) = 1 → c1 + c2 + c4 = 1, (a)
ẏ(0) = 1 → c1 − c2 + c3 = 1, (b)
ÿ(0) = 1 → c1 + c2 − c4 = 1, (c)
...
y (0) = 1 → c1 − c2 − c3 = 1, (d)
(a) and (c) imply c4 = 0, (b) and (d) imply c3 = 0. Thus, (a) and (b) becomes
c1 + c2 = 1, c1 − c2 = 1
These eaquations imply c1 = 1 and c2 = 0. Thus the solution is
y(x) = ex

Question 4.

A solution to the differential equation

2
2 y
d dy
2t 2 + t − 3y = 0, t > 0
dt dt
is y1 (t) = t−1 . Find another solution y2 so that the set {y1 , y2 } is linearly independent. Show your work.
Use the order reduction technique.
y2 = t−1 v, ẏ2 = −t−2 v + t−1 v̇, ÿ2 = 2t−3 v − 2t−2 v̇ + t−1 v̈
Substitute in the d.e.
2t2 (2t−3 v − 2t−2 v̇ + t−1 v̈) + t(−t−2 v + t−1 v̇) − 3(t−1 v) = 0
2tv̈ − 3v̇ = 0
Change of variable:R w = v̇. We have 2tẇ − 3w =, a 1st order linear d.e.
3 3
Its solution w = ce 2t dt = Rct 2 3 5
Since w = v̇ we have v = wdt = ct 2 dt = 3c2 t 2
5 3
The other solution is y2 (t) = t−1 3c2 t 2 , y2 (t) = kt 2 where k is an arbitrary
constant
Good Luck
A. Karamancıoğlu

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