Direct Speech (El estilo directo)
Cuando queremos informar exactamente lo que otra persona ha dicho, utilizamos EL ESTILO DIRECTO. Con este estilo lo que la persona ha dicho se coloca entre comillas ( ) y debe ser palabra por palabra. Ejemplos:
"I am going to London next week," she said.("Voy a Londres la semana que viene," ella dijo.) "Do you have a pen I could borrow," he asked. ("Tienes una pluma que puedas prestarme," l pregunt.) Alice said, "I love to dance." (Alice dijo, "Me encanta bailar.") Chris asked, "Would you like to have dinner with me tomorrow night?" (Chris pregunt, "Te gustara cenar conmigo maana por la noche?")
Reported Speech (El estilo indirecto)
El ESTILO INDIRECTO, a diferencia del ESTILO DIRECTO, no utiliza las comillas y no necesita ser palabra por palabra. En general, cuando se usa el estilo directo, el tiempo verbal cambia. A veces se usa "THAT" en las frases afirmativas y negativas para introducir lo que ha dicho la otra persona. Por otro lado, en las frases interrogativas se puede usar "IF" o "WHETHER".
Present Simple "He's American" she said. "I'm happy to see you," Mary said. He asked, "Are you busy tonight?" Present Continuous "Dan is living in San Francisco," she said. He said, "I'm making dinner." "Why are you working so hard?" they asked. Past Simple "We went to the movies last night," he said. Greg said, "I didn't go to work yesterday." "Did you buy a new car?" she asked.
Past Simple She said he was American. Mary said that she was happy to see me. He asked me if I was busy tonight. Past Continuous She said Dan was living in San Francisco. He told me that he was making dinner. They asked me why I was working so hard. Past Perfect Simple He told me they had gone to the movies last night. Greg said that he hadn't gone to work yesterday. She asked me if I had bought a new car.
Past Continuous "I was working late last night," Vicki said. They said, "We weren't waiting long." He asked, "Were you sleeping when I called?" Present Perfect Simple Heather said, "I've already eaten." "We haven't been to China," they said. "Have you worked here before?" I asked. Present Perfect Continuous "I've been studying English for two years," he said. Steve said, "We've been dating for over a year now." "Have you been waiting long?" they asked. Past Perfect Simple "I'd been to Chicago before for work," he said. Past Perfect Continuous She said, "I'd been dancing for years before the accident."
Past Perfect Continuous Vicki told me she'd been working last night. They said that they hadn't been waiting long. He asked if I'd been sleeping when he called. Past Perfect Simple Heather told me that she'd already eaten. They said they hadn't been to China. I asked her whether she'd worked there before. Past Perfect Continuous He said he'd been studying English for two years. Steve told me that they'd been dating for over a year. They asked whether I'd been waiting long. Past Perfect Simple (*No Cambia) He said that he'd been to Chicago before for work. Past Perfect Continuous (*No Cambia) She said she'd been dancing for years before the accident.
Will "I'll go to the movies tomorrow," John said. "Will you help me move?" she asked. Can Debra said, "Allen can work tomorrow." "Can you open the window, please?", he asked. Must "You must wear your seatbelt," mom said. She said, "You must work tomorrow." Shall "Shall we go to the beach today?" Tom asked. "What shall we do tonight?" she asked. May Jane said, "I may not be in class tomorrow." "May I use the bathroom, please?" the boy asked.
Would John said he would go to the movies tomorrow. She asked me if I would help her move. Could Debra said Allen could work tomorrow. He asked me if I could open the window. Had to My mom said we had to wear my seatbelt. She said I had to work tomorrow. Should Tom asked if we should go to the beach today. She asked me what we should do tonight. Might/Could Jane said she might not be in class tomorrow. The boy asked if he could use the bathroom.
RESUMEN
Am/Is/Are Work Worked Do/Dont Did/Didnt Work Have Worked Had Worked Have Been Working She Say Will Can Must Shall May
Was/Were Worked Had Worked Did/ Didnt Had Worked Had Worked Had Worked Had Been Working She Told (me, him, her, us, you, them) Would Could Had To Should Might / Could
