CLASS VIII CHAPTER 4 JUDICIARY (NCERT)

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What is the Role of the Judiciary:
Court take decision on different

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matters, judiciary works are
divided into the following-
Dispute Resolution

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Resolve disputes between (state-
gov.)two Gov. etc.
Judiciary Review
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Judiciary can strike a law from
parliament if comes in violation.
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 CLASS VIII CHAPTER 4 JUDICIARY (NCERT)

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Upholding the law Enforcing
Fundamental Rights:

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▪ Every citizen can approach
to a court if his/her
fundamental rights are

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getting violated ex hakim
sheikh.
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 CLASS VIII CHAPTER 4 JUDICIARY (NCERT)

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What is an Independent Judiciary? www.evidyarthi.in

Separation of Powers

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▪ Court does not count in the behalf
of the government(protects it)
▪ No organ can interfere in others

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work.
▪ Judges of supreme curt and high
court does not interfere and are
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difficult to remove (protects
fundamental rights)
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 CLASS VIII CHAPTER 4 JUDICIARY (NCERT)

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What is the Structure of Courts in India:

▪ Courts are at different

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level- higher and lower
▪ District court/tehsil for
towns.

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▪ Each state has a high
court
▪ At the top(supreme
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court) located in new
Delhi, this binds all the
courts together. https://www.evidyarthi.in/
 CLASS VIII CHAPTER 4 JUDICIARY (NCERT)

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Appellate System:

▪ person can appeal to

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higher court if he /she
finds that the
judgment is not just.

▪ All courts are

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 CLASS VIII CHAPTER 4 JUDICIARY (NCERT)

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What are the Different Branches
of the legal System?

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▪ Courts works according to the
cases and laws.
Civil law

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▪ Divorce ,rent,matter,land
etc.
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Criminal law
▪ Murder,crime,police,
trafficking,illegal.
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 CLASS VIII CHAPTER 4 JUDICIARY (NCERT)

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Does everyone have access
to courts?

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▪ In early time not everyone can
access to court for justice.
P.I.L

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▪ Poor people and those who cannot
read can easily get justice from
court b just sending a letter or
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telegram to supreme or high court.
Ex- slum dwellers, midday meals.
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 CLASS VIII CHAPTER 4 JUDICIARY (NCERT)

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EXERCISES
Question 1.

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You read that one of the main functions of the judiciary
is ‘upholding the law and Enforcing Fundamental
Rights’. Why do you think an independent judiciary is

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necessary to carry out this important function?
Answer:
▪ As it ensures that there is no
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misuse of power by the
legislature and executive.
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 CLASS VIII CHAPTER 4 JUDICIARY (NCERT)

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Question 2.
Re-read the list of Fundamental Rights
provided in Chapter 1. How do you think

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the Right to Constitutional Remedies
connects to the idea of judicial review?
Answer:

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Right to Constitutional Remedies declares that citizens
can go to court for justice if they believe that any of
their Fundamental Rights have been violated by the
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State. Hence the independence of the judiciary is
necessary to uphold the rights of the citizens.
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 CLASS VIII CHAPTER 4 JUDICIARY (NCERT)

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Question 3.
Why do you think the introduction of Public Interest
Litigation (PIL) in the 1980s is a significant step in

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ensuring access to justice for all?
Answer:

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▪ Access to courts has always been
difficult for a vast majority of the
poor in India. The poor who are
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illiterate and financially weak find it
difficult going to court to get justice.

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 CLASS VIII CHAPTER 4 JUDICIARY (NCERT)

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Question 4.
Re-read excerpts from the judgment on the Olga Tellis vs.
Bombay Municipal Corporation case. Now write in your

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own words what the judges meant when they said that
the Right to Livelihood was part of the Right to Life.
Answer:

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▪ They only choose a pavement or a slum which is
nearest to their place of work. Their plea is that the
right to life is misleading. They rely on article 21 which
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guarantees hat no person should be deprived of its
rights.
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 CLASS VIII CHAPTER 4 JUDICIARY (NCERT)

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Question 5. www.evidyarthi.in

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▪ Keeping sudha goel case in mind, tick the sentences
(true and false)

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(a) The accused took the case to the high
court because they were unhappy with the
decision of the Trail court.

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(b) They went to High Court after the
supreme court had given its decision.
(c) If they do not like the Supreme Court
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verdict, the accused can go back again to
the Trial Court.
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