INSTRUCTION: Underline the CORRECT answer TRUE or FALSE against each question.

CEREBELLUM:

1. The cerebellum, which stands for “little brain”, is a structure of the peripheral
nervous system. TRUE or FALSE? (F)
2. In particular, the cerebellum is active in the coordination, precision and timing of
movements, as well as in motor learning. TRUE or FALSE? (T)
3. During embryonic development, the anterior portion of the neural tube forms three
parts that give rise to the brain and associated structures. TRUE or FALSE? (T)
4. The hindbrain subsequently divides into the metencephalon (superior) and
the myelencephalon (inferior). The cerebellum develops from the myelencephalon
division. TRUE or FALSE? (F)
5. The cerebellum is located at the front of the brain, immediately inferior to
the occipital and temporal lobes, and within the posterior cranial fossa. It is
separated from these lobes by the tentorium cerebelli, a tough layer of dura mater.
TRUE or FALSE? (F)
6. The cerebellum lies at the same level of and posterior to the pons, from which it is
separated by the fourth ventricle. TRUE or FALSE? (T)
7. The cerebellum consists of two hemispheres which are connected by the vermis, a
narrow midline area. TRUE or FALSE? (T)
8. Like other structures in the central nervous system, the cerebellum consists of green
matter and white matter. TRUE or FALSE? (F)
9. There are three anatomical lobes that can be distinguished in the cerebellum; the
anterior lobe, the posterior lobe and the flocculonodular lobe. These lobes are
divided by two fissures – the primary fissure and posterolateral fissure. TRUE or
FALSE? (T)
10. There are three cerebellar zones. In the midline of the cerebellum is the vermis.
Either side of the vermis is the lateral hemisphere. TRUE or FALSE? (F)
11. The cerebrocerebellum, the spinocerebellum and the vestibulocerebellum are the
three functional divisions of the cerebellum. TRUE or FALSE? (T)
12. The cerebellum receives its blood supply from three paired arteries:
i.
ii.
iii.
13. Venous drainage of the cerebellum is by the superior and inferior cerebellar veins.
TRUE or FALSE? (T)
14. Damage to the cerebrocerebellum and spinocerebellum presents with problems in
carrying out skilled and planned movements and in motor learning. TRUE or FALSE?
(T)
15. A wide variety of manifestations are possible. These can be remembered using the
acronym ‘DANISH’:
D–
A–
N–
I–
S–
H–
DIENCEPHALON:

1. Diencephalon is the cephalic part of the forebrain that occupies the central region of
the brain. TRUE or FALSE? (F)
2. The diencephalon is comprised of: midbrain, epithalamus, thalamus, forebrain,
hindbrain, subthalamus, metathalamus and hypothalamus. TRUE or FALSE? (F)
3. The diencephalon acts as a primary relay and processing center for sensory
information and autonomic control. TRUE or FALSE? (T)
4. The medial and lateral geniculate bodies, which are collectively called the
metathalamus, along with the pulvinar, are frequently regarded as an integral part of
the dorsal thalamus. TRUE or FALSE? (T)
5. The third ventricle is a narrow vertical midline cleft between and below the two lateral
ventricles and in between left and right thalami. The lateral ventricles communicate
with the third ventricle via the interventricular foramen of ……………………………
6. The diencephalon is richly supplied by several blood vessels, notably the
thalamogeniculate branches of the anterior cerebral artery and thalamoperforating
branches of the anterior cerebral artery and anterior communicating artery. TRUE or
FALSE? (F)
7. The epithalamus lies in relation to the posterior part of the roof of the third ventricle
and the little adjoining part of its lateral wall. It consists of the following parts: Stria
medullaris, Posterior commissure, Habenular nuclei, Pineal body and Paraventricular
nuclei. TRUE or FALSE? (T)
8. The pineal gland is a small piriform structure located in relation to the posterior wall of
the third ventricle. It is an endocrine gland of considerable significance and is made up
of cells called pinealocytes, which secrete …………………………. in response to darkness.
9. The thalamus is the smallest mass of grey matter of the diencephalon that is laterally
related to the third ventricle. TRUE or FALSE? (F)
10. The thalamus and caudate nucleus form the floor of the central part of the lateral
ventricles. However, the medial part of the superior surface of the thalamus is
separated from these ventricles by the fornix, and by a fold of pia mater called
the tela choroidea. TRUE or FALSE? (T)
11. The pre-geniculate nucleus has connections similar to the lateral geniculate nucleus
and includes fibres from the retina, pretectal region and superior colliculus, thus
playing a role in vision and eye movements. TRUE or FALSE? (T)
12. The medial geniculate body consists of three major divisions:
i.
ii.
iii.
13. The prosencephalon also gives rise to the optic cup and stalk, which subsequently
develops into the retina of the eye. TRUE or FALSE? (T)
14. Diencephalic (Russell’s) syndrome and Panhypopituitarism syndrome are clinical
manifestations of diencephalon. TRUE or FALSE? (T)
15. A shallow groove known as the hypothalamic sulcus emerges and divides the walls of
the diencephalon into the thalamus (dorsally) and the hypothalamus (ventrally). TRUE
or FALSE? (T)