INTERNATIONAL BACCALAUREATE

Mathematics: analysis and approaches

MAA

EXERCISES [MAA 5.11]

DEFINITE INTEGRALS – AREAS
Compiled by Christos Nikolaidis

DEFINITE INTEGRALS – PROPERTIES

O. Practice questions

1. [Maximum mark: 36] [without GDC]

Calculate the following definite integrals

1
 (2 x  3)dx
0

2
1
(2 x  3)dx

2
0
(2 x  3)dx

2
2
(2 x  3)dx

1
 (e  2)dx
x
0

π
0
(sin x  cos x )d x

e 7
1 x
dx

1
0
e 2 x  3 dx

4 1
 0 x 1
dx

10
 0
xdx

10
 0
5dx

10
 4
dx

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 [MAA 5.11] DEFINITE INTEGRALS – AREAS

2. [Maximum mark: 6] [without GDC]

Let f ( x)  x ln x  x
(a) Find f (x) [3]
3
(b) Hence find  1
ln xdx [3]

3. [Maximum mark: 18] [without GDC]

7 7
Let 
5
f ( x)dx  8 and 5
g ( x )dx  2

Calculate the following expressions

7
5
3 f ( x )d x

5
7
f ( x )d x

7
5
( f ( x)  1)dx

7
5
( f ( x )  x )dx

7
5
[ f ( x)  4 g ( x)]dx

8 8
5
f ( x )d x  
7
f ( x )d x

6 7
3  f ( x )d x   3 f ( x )d x
5 6

10
8
f ( x  3)d x

3.5
 2.5
f (2 x )dx

4. [Maximum mark: 9] [without GDC]

1
(a) Find  2 x  3 dx. [2]

3 1
(b) Given that  0 2x  3
dx  ln P , find the value of P . [3]

m 1
(c) Given that  0 2x  3
dx  1 , calculate the value of m . [4]

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 [MAA 5.11] DEFINITE INTEGRALS – AREAS

A. Exam style questions (SHORT)

5. [Maximum mark: 5] [without GDC]

k 1
Given
3 x2 
dx  ln 7 , find the value of k .

6. [Maximum mark: 4] [without GDC]

k
  3.
Find the real number k  1 for which  1  x1  dx =
1
2
2

7. [Maximum mark: 3] [with GDC]

a

 cos x dx  0.740. Give your answer to 3 decimal places.

2
Find the value of a such that
0

8. [Maximum mark: 6] [without GDC]

3 3 3
1
Given that 
1
g ( x )dx  10 , deduce the value of (i) 
1
2
g ( x)dx; (ii)  ( g ( x)  4)dx.
1

9. [Maximum mark: 6] [without GDC]

3
Let f be a function such that  0
f ( x ) dx  8 .
3
  f ( x)  2  dx
3
(a) Deduce the value of (i)  0
2 f ( x ) dx (ii)
0
[4]
d
(b)  c
f ( x  2)dx  8 , write down the value of c and of d . [2]

10. [Maximum mark: 6] [without GDC]

  3x  f ( x )  dx .
3 3 3
 f ( x)dx  5 , deduce the value of (i) 
2
Given that 2 f ( x)dx (ii)
1 1 1

11. [Maximum mark: 6] [without GDC]

The table shows some values of two functions, f , g and of their derivatives f  , g  :

x 1 2 3 4
f (x) 5 4 –1 3
g (x) 1 –2 2 –5
f  (x) 5 6 0 7
g  (x) –6 –4 –3 4

(a) Calculate d
dx
 f ( x)  g ( x)  , when x  4; [2]
3
(b) Calculate  g' ( x)  6dx .
1
[4]

12. [Maximum mark: 7] [without GDC]

5
Let 
1
3 f ( x) dx  12.
1
(a) Show that  f  x  dx   4
5
[3]
2 5
(b) Find the value of  x  f x dx   x  f x dx
1 2
[4]

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AREAS

O. Practice questions

13. [Maximum mark: 8] [with / without GDC]

3π
The following diagram shows part of the graph of y  cos x for 0  x  .
2

π 3π 3π
(a) Calculate (i) 
0
2
cos x d x , ` (ii)  π
2
2
cos x d x , `(iii) 
0
2
cos xdx [5]

(b) Write down the area enclosed by the curve and x -axis
π
(i) between the vertical lines x  0 and x 
2
π 3π
(ii) between the vertical lines x  and x 
2 2
3π
(iii) between the vertical lines x  0 and x  [3]
2

14. [Maximum mark: 8] [with / without GDC]

Consider the two curves y  x 2 , y  8  x 2

(a) Find the area A enclosed by the two curves and the x-axis in the first quadrant. [4]

(b) Find the area B enclosed by the two curves and the y-axis in the first quadrant [4]

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15. [Maximum mark: 21] [with GDC]

Complete the following table

Region enclosed by Expression for the area Area

f (x) = cos(x2) 0

  cos( x )  e x dx
2
g(x) = ex,
-1.11
for –1.5 ≤ x ≤ 0.5.

y  sin x
y  x 2  2 x  1.5 , 0.271
for 0  x  π .

y  ln x
y  ex  e ,
for x  0 .

2
y
1 x 2
y  ex/3 ,
for 3  x  3 .

f ( x)  4  x 2
g ( x )  ( x  1) cos x

y  e x  x  1
and
the coordinate axes

sin x
f :x֏ ,
x
x -axis
for π  x  3π

y  x 3  3 x 2  9 x  27
y  x3

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A. Exam style questions (SHORT)

16. [Maximum mark: 7] [with GDC]

The diagram shows part of the graph of the function f ( x)  1  3sin( x  2) .
(a) Find f ( x ) [2]

(b) Find  f ( x)dx [2]

a
The area of the shaded region is given by 0
f ( x )dx .

(c) (i) Find the value of a .

(ii) Find the area of the shaded region. [3]

–4 –2 0 2 4 x

–2

17. [Maximum mark: 4] [without GDC]

The diagram shows part of the graph of y  12 x 2 (1  x ) .
y

0 x

(a) Write down an integral which represents the area of the shaded region. [1]
(b) Find the area of the shaded region. [3]

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18. [Maximum mark: 6] [without GDC]

The diagram shows part of the curve y  sin x . The shaded region is bounded by the
3π
curve and the lines y  0 and x  .
4
y

3  x
4
3π 2 3π 2
Given that sin = and cos =– , calculate the area of the shaded region.
4 2 4 2

19. [Maximum mark: 4] [without GDC]

The graph represents the function f : x ֏ p cos x , p  .
y
3

 x


–3

(a) Write down the value of p ; [1]

(b) Find the area of the shaded region. [3]

20. [Maximum mark: 6] [without GDC]

1
Consider the function f ( x )  2  . The region enclosed by the graph of f ( x) , the
x 1
x -axis and the lines x  2 and x  4 , is labelled A, as shown in the diagram below.
y
5

1
A

–5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5 x
–1

–2

Find (i)  f (x) dx . (ii) the area of A.

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21. [Maximum mark: 4] [with GDC]

1
For x  , let f ( x )  x 2 ln( x  1) and g ( x )  2 x  1 .
2
(a) Sketch the graphs of f and g on the grid below. [2]

(b) Let A be the region completely enclosed by the graphs of f and g .

Find the area of A . [2]

22. [Maximum mark: 6] [with GDC]

The function f is defined as f ( x )  sin x ln x for x  [0.5 , 3.5]
(a) Write down the x -intercepts. [2]
(b) The area above the x -axis is A and the total area below the x -axis is B .
If A  kB , find k . [4]

23. [Maximum mark: 7] [without GDC]

Find the area between the curves y  2  x  x 2 and y  2  3 x  x 2

24. [Maximum mark: 6] [without GDC]

Find the area enclosed by the two curves y  x 2 and y  2 a 2  x 2 where a  0 .

25. [Maximum mark: 5] [with GDC]

Part of the graph of y  sin 2 x is shown below. The area of the shaded region is 0.85.
Find k .

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26. [Maximum mark: 4] [without GDC]

The diagram shows part of the graph of y  1 . The area of the shaded region is 2
x
units.
y

0 1 a x

Find the exact value of a .

27. [Maximum mark: 6] [with GDC]

Let f ( x )  e x sin 2 x  10 , for 0  x  4 . Part of the graph of f is given below.

There is an x -intercept at the point A, a local maximum point at M, where x  p and a

local minimum point at N, where x  q .
(a) Write down the x -coordinate of A. [1]
(b) Find the value of (i) p ; (ii) q . [2]
q
(c) Find  p
f ( x ) d x . Explain why this is not the area of the shaded region. [3]

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28. [Maximum mark: 6] [with GDC]

Consider the function. f ( x )  cos x  sin x .
(a) Find in terms of π , the smallest positive value of x such that f ( x )  0 . [3]
The diagram shows the graph of y  e (cos x  sin x ) , 2  x  3 .
x

(b) Write down an expression for the area of the shaded region and find its value. [3]

29. [Maximum mark: 5] [with GDC]

The function f is defined as f ( x)  e x sin x , where x is in radians.
Let A be the x -intercept corresponding to the smallest positive zero of f .
(a) Write down the x -coordinate of the point A. [1]
(b) Let R be the region enclosed by the curve and x -axis, between the origin and A.
(i) Write down an expression for the area of R.
(ii) Find the area of R. [4]

30. [Maximum mark: 7] [without GDC]

3 x
Let f ( x )  2 and g ( x)  f ( x ) .
x 1
(a) Show that g ( x) 

3 x 2 1
.
 [3]

x 2 1
2

(b) Let A be the area of the region enclosed by the graph of g and the x -axis,
between x  0 and x  a , where a  0 . Given that A  2 , find the value of a . [4]

31*. [Maximum mark: 4] [without GDC]

In the diagram, PTQ is an arc of the parabola y  a 2  x 2 , where a is a positive
constant, and PQRS is a rectangle. The area of the rectangle PQRS is equal to the
area between the arc PTQ of the parabola and the x -axis.
y

S R

P Q
O x

y=a2–x2

Find, in terms of a , the dimensions of the rectangle.

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32. [Maximum mark: 4] [with GDC]

The figure below shows part of the curve y  x 3  7 x 2  14 x  7 . The curve crosses the
x -axis at the points A , B and C .

0 A B C x

(a) Find the x -coordinate (i) of A (ii) of B . [2]

(b) Find the area of the shaded region. [2]

33. [Maximum mark: 7] [with GDC]

Let f ( x )  x ln(4  x ) , for 2  x  2 . The graph of f is shown below.
2

The graph of f crosses the x -axis at x  a , x  0 and x  b .

(a) Find the value of a and of b . [3]
The graph of f has a maximum value when x  c .
(b) Find the value of c . [2]
(c) Let R be the region enclosed by the curve, the x -axis and the line x  c , between
x  a and x  c . Find the area of R. [2]

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B. Exam style questions (LONG)

34. [Maximum mark: 10] [without GDC]

(a) Find the equation of the tangent line to the curve y  ln x at the point (e, 1), and
verify that the origin is on this line. [4]

(b) Show that d  x ln x  x   ln x [2]

dx
(c) The diagram shows the region enclosed by the curve y  ln x , the tangent line in
part (a), and the line y  0 .
y

1 (e, 1)

0 1 2 3 x

1
Use the result of part (b) to show that the area of this region is e 1 . [4]
2

35. [Maximum mark: 16] [without GDC]

The following diagram shows part of the graph of the function f ( x )  2 x 2 .

The line T is the tangent to the graph of f at x  1 .

(a) Show that the equation of T is y  4 x  2 . [5]
(b) Find the x -intercept of T. [2]
(c) The shaded region R is enclosed by the graph of f , the line T, and the x -axis.
(i) Write down an expression for the area of R.
(ii) Find the area of R. [9]

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36. [Maximum mark: 12] [without GDC]

Let f ( x)  x . Line L is the normal to the graph of f at the point (4, 2).
(a) Show that the equation of L is y  4 x  18 . [4]
(b) Point A is the x -intercept of L. Find the x -coordinate of A. [2]

In the diagram below, the shaded region R is bounded by the x -axis, the graph of f
and the line L.

(c) Find an expression for the area of R. [3]

(d) Find the area R [3]

37. [Maximum mark: 14] [with GDC]

The following diagram shows the graphs of f ( x )  ln(3 x  2)  1 and

g ( x )  4 cos(0.5 x )  2 , for 1  x  10 .

(a) Let A be the area of the region enclosed by the curves of f and g .
(i) Find an expression for A ; (ii) Calculate the value of A . [6]
(b) Find (i) f ( x) ; (ii) g ( x) . [4]
(c) There are two values of x for which the gradient of f is equal to the gradient of
g . Find both these values of x . [4]

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38*. [Maximum mark: 14] [without GDC]

A curve has equation y  x ( x  4) 2 .
(a) For this curve find
(i) the x -intercepts;
(ii) the coordinates of the maximum point (by using derivatives);
(iii) the x -coordinate of the point of inflexion. [8]
(b) Use your answers to part (a) to sketch a graph of the curve for 0  x  4 , clearly
indicating the features you have found in part (a). [3]
(c) (i) On your sketch indicate by shading the region whose area is given by the
4
following integral: 
0
x ( x  4) 2 dx

(ii) Explain, using your answer to part (a), why the value of this integral is
greater than 0 but less than 40. [3]

39. [Maximum mark: 10] [with GDC]

(a) Sketch the graph of y  π sin x  x , 3  x  3 . Label and number both axes and
indicate clearly the approximate positions of the x -intercepts and the local
maximum and minimum points. [5]
(b) Find the solution of the equation π sin x  x  0 , x  0 . [1]

(c) Find the indefinite integral  (π sin x  x)dx and hence, or otherwise, calculate the

area of the region enclosed by the graph, the x -axis and the line x  1 . [4]

40. [Maximum mark: 14] [with GDC]

Note: Radians are used throughout this question.
(a) (i) Sketch the graph of y  x 2 cos x , for 0  x  2 making clear the approximate
positions of the positive intercept, the maximum point and the end-points.
(ii) Write down the approximate coordinates of the positive x -intercept, the
maximum point and the end-points. [7]
(b) Find the exact value of the positive x -intercept for 0  x  2 . [2]

Let R be the region in the first quadrant enclosed by the graph and the x -axis.
(c) (i) Shade R on your diagram.
(ii) Write down an integral which represents the area of R. [3]
(d) Evaluate the integral in part (c)(ii), [2]

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41. [Maximum mark: 14] [with GDC]

Note: Radians are used throughout this question.
(a) Draw the graph of y  π  x cos x , 0  x  5 . Make clear
(i) the integer values of x and y on each axis;
(ii) the approximate positions of the x -intercepts and the turning points. [5]
(b) Without the use of a calculator, show that π is a solution of the equation
π  x cos x  0 . [3]
(c) Find another solution of the equation π  x cos x  0 for 0  x  5 , giving your
answer to six significant figures. [2]
(d) Let R be the region enclosed by the graph and the axes for 0  x  π . Shade R
on your diagram, and write down an integral which represents the area of R . [2]
(e) Evaluate the integral in part (d) to an accuracy of six significant figures. [2]

42. [Maximum mark: 15] [with GDC]

The diagram below shows part of the graph of the function f : x ֏ – x 3  2 x 2  15 x .
y

40
Q
35
30
25
20
A 15
10
5 B
–3 –2 –1 –5 1 2 3 4 5 x

–10
–15
P
–20
The graph intercepts the x -axis at A(–3,0), B(5,0) and the origin, O. There is a minimum
point at P and a maximum point at Q.
(a) The function may also be written in the form f : x ֏ – x ( x – a) ( x – b), where a  b .
Write down the value of (i) a ; (ii) b . [2]
(b) (i) Find the exact values of x at which f ( x )  0 ;
(ii) Find the value of the function at Q. [7]
(c) (i) Find the equation of the tangent to the graph of f at O.
(ii) This tangent cuts the graph of f at point R. Give the x -coordinate of R. [4]
(d) Determine the area of the shaded region. [2]

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43. [Maximum mark: 18] [without GDC]

The following diagram shows part of the graph of f ( x )  (sin x ) 2 cos x ( x is in radians).
y

B x
O

The point A is a maximum point and the point B lies on the x -axis.
(a) (i) Find f  ( x ) .

(ii) Hence show that at the point A, cos x  1.

3
(iii) Find the exact maximum value. [9]
(b) Find the exact value of the x -coordinate at the point B. [1]

(c) (i) Find  f (x) dx.

(ii) Find the area of the shaded region in the diagram. [4]
(d) (i) Show that f ( x )  9(cos x )  7 cos x , 3

7
(ii) Hence show that at the point C, cos x  . [4]
3

44. [Maximum mark: 13] [with GDC]

Consider functions of the form y  e  kx .
1 1
e dx  (1  e  k ) .
– kx
(a) Show that [3]
0 k
(b) Let k  0.5
(i) Sketch the graph of y  e 0.5 x , for 1  x  3 , indicating the y -intercept.
(ii) Shade the region enclosed by this graph, the x -axis, y -axis and line x  1 .
(iii) Find the area of this region. [5]
dy
(c) (i) Find in terms of k , where y  e kx .
dx
(ii) Find the value of k given that the point P(1, 0.8) lies on the graph of y  e kx .
(iii) Find the gradient of the tangent to the curve at P. [5]

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45. [Maximum mark: 12] [with GDC]

3 2
Let f ( x )   x  x  4.
4
(a) (i) Find the equation of the normal to the curve of f at (2, 3).
(ii) This normal intersects the curve of f at (2, 3) and at one other point P.
Find the x -coordinate of P. [9]

Part of the graph of f is given below.

(b) Let R be the region under the curve of f from x  1 to x  2 .

Write down an expression for the area of R and hence evaluate this area. [3]

46. [Maximum mark: 15] [with GDC]

The diagram below shows a sketch of the graph of the function y  sin(e x ) where
1  x  2 , and x is in radians. The graph cuts the y -axis at A, and the x -axis at C
and D. It has a maximum point at B.
y
B
A

–1 0 1 C D 2 x

(a) Find the coordinates of A. [2]

(b) The coordinates of C may be written as (ln k , 0) . Find the exact value of k . [2]
(c) (i) Write down the y -coordinate of B.
dy 
(ii) Find and hence show that at B, x  ln . [6]
dx 2
(d) Write down the integral which represents the shaded area; evaluate the integral. [5]

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47. [Maximum mark: 14] [with GDC]

Consider the function f ( x )  1  e 2 x .
(a) (i) Find f  ( x ) .
(ii) Explain briefly how this shows that f ( x) is a decreasing function. [2]

1
Let P be the point on the graph of f where x   .
2
(b) Find an expression in terms of e for
(i) the y -coordinate of P; (ii) the gradient of the tangent to the curve at P. [2]
(c) Find the equation of the tangent to the curve at P, in the form y  ax  b . [3]
(d) (i) Sketch the curve of f for 1  x  2 .
1
(ii) Draw the tangent at x   .
2
(iii) Shade the area enclosed by the curve, the tangent and the y -axis.
(iv) Find this area. [7]

48. [Maximum mark: 11] [with GDC]

Let h( x)  ( x  2) sin( x  1) for 5  x  5 . The curve of h( x) is shown below. There is a
minimum point at R and a maximum point at S. The curve intersects the x -axis at the
points ( a , 0), (1, 0), (2, 0) and ( b , 0).

y
4

1
S
(a, 0) (b, 0)
–5 –4 –3 –2 –1 1 2 3 4 5 x
R
–1

–2

–3

–4

–5

–6

(a) Find the exact values of a and b . [2]

The regions between the curve and the x -axis are shaded for a  x  2 as shown.
(b) (i) Write down an expression which represents the total area shaded.
(ii) Calculate this total area. [5]
(c) (i) The y -coordinate of R is –0.240. Find the y -coordinate of S.
(ii) Hence or otherwise, find the range of values of k for which the equation
( x  2)sin( x  1)  k has four distinct solutions. [4]

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 [MAA 5.11] DEFINITE INTEGRALS – AREAS

49. [Maximum mark: 16] [with GDC]

The function f is defined by f : x ֏ – 0.5 x 2  2 x  2.5.
(a) Write down (i) f ( x ) ; (ii) f (0) [2]
(b) Let N be the normal to the curve at the point where the graph intercepts the y -
axis. Show that the equation of N may be written as y  0.5 x  2.5 . [3]

Let g : x ֏ – 0.5 x  2.5

(c) (i) Find the solutions of f ( x)  g ( x) .
(ii) Hence find the coordinates of the other point of intersection of the normal
and the curve. [6]
(d) Let R be the region enclosed between the curve and N.
(i) Write down an expression for the area of R.
(ii) Hence write down the area of R. [5]

50. [Maximum mark: 13] [with GDC]

Let f ( x )  e x (1  x 2 ) . Part of the graph of y  f ( x ) , for 6  x  2 , is shown below.

(a) Write down an expression for the area enclosed by the curve and x -axis. [3]
(b) Find the coordinates of the y -intercept P. [1]
(c) Let L be the normal to the curve at P. Show that L has equation x  y  1 . [4]
(d) Let R be the region enclosed by the curve y  f ( x) and the line L.
(i) Find an expression for the area of R.
(ii) Calculate the area of R. [5]

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 [MAA 5.11] DEFINITE INTEGRALS – AREAS

51. [Maximum mark: 19] [with GDC]

The function f is defined as f ( x)  (2 x  1)e  x , 0  x  3 . The point P(0, 1) lies on the
graph of f ( x ) , and there is a maximum point at Q.
(a) Sketch the graph of y  f ( x) , labelling the points P and Q. [3]

(b) (i) Show that f ( x)  (1  2 x)e  x .

(ii) Find the exact coordinates of Q. [7]
(c) The equation f ( x )  k , where k  , has two solutions. Write down the range of
values of k . [2]
(d) Let R be the point on the curve of f with x -coordinate 3. Find the area of the
region enclosed by the curve and the line (PR). [7]

52. [Maximum mark: 15] [with GDC]

π
Let f ( x )  5cos x and g ( x)  0.5 x 2  5 x  8 , for 0  x  9 .
4
(a) On the same diagram, sketch the graphs of f and g . [3]
(b) Consider the graph of f . Write down
(i) the x -intercept between x  0 and x  3 ; (ii) the period; (iii) the amplitude. [4]
(c) Consider the graph of g . Write down
(i) the two x -intercepts; (ii) the equation of the axis of symmetry.
(d) Let R be the region enclosed by the graphs of f and g . Find the area of R. [6]

53. [Maximum mark: 11] [without GDC]

3x  5
Let h( x)  , x  2.
x2
(a) (i) Sketch the graph of h for 3  x  7 and 2  y  8 , including asymptotes.
(ii) Write down the equations of the asymptotes. [5]
3x  5 1
(b) The expression may also be written as 3  . Use this to find
x2 x2

(i)  h (x) dx.

5
(ii) the exact value of 3
h( x)dx . [5]

5
(c) On your sketch, shade the region whose area is represented by 3
h( x)dx . [1]

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 [MAA 5.11] DEFINITE INTEGRALS – AREAS

54. [Maximum mark: 10] [with GDC]

Let f ( x )  x( x  5) 2 , for 0  x  6 . The diagram 1 shows the graph of f .

Diagram 1 Diagram 2

Let R be the region enclosed by the x -axis and the curve of f .

(a) Find the area of R. [3]
(b) The diagram 2 shows a part of the graph of a quadratic function g ( x )  x( a  x ) .
The graph of g crosses the x -axis when x  a .
The area of the shaded region is equal to the area of R. Find the value of a . [7]

55. [Maximum mark: 16] [without GDC]

ax
Let f ( x)  , 8  x  8 , a  . The graph of f is shown below.
x 1
2

(a) Show that f ( x)  f ( x) . [2]

2ax( x 2  3)
(b) Given that f ( x )  , find the coordinates of all points of inflexion. [7]
( x 2  1) 3
a
(c) 
It is given that f ( x)dx  ln( x 2  1)  C .
2
(i) Find the area of the shaded region, giving your answer in the form p ln q .
8
(ii) Find the value of  2 f ( x  1)d x .
4
[7]

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 [MAA 5.11] DEFINITE INTEGRALS – AREAS

56. [Maximum mark: 16] [without GDC]

Let f ( x )  x 3 .

The point P  a, f ( a )  , where a  0 , lies on the graph of f . The tangent at P crosses

2 
the x -axis at the point Q  , 0  and intersects the graph of f at the point R(–2, –8) as
3 
shown in the diagram below.

a3
(a) (i) Show that the gradient of [PQ] is .
2
a
3
(ii) Find f ( x ) and hence f ( a ) in terms of a .
(iii) Hence show that a  1 . [7]

The equation of the tangent at P is y  3 x  2 .

Let T be the region enclosed by the graph of f , the tangent [PR] and the line x  k ,
between x  2 and x  k where 2  k  1 . This is shown in the diagram above.

(b) Given that the area of T is 2k  4 , show that k satisfies the equation
k 4  6k 2  8  0 . [9]

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 [MAA 5.11] DEFINITE INTEGRALS – AREAS

57. [Maximum mark: 17] [without GDC]

Let f ( x )  6  6sin x . Part of the graph of f is shown below.

The shaded region is enclosed by the curve of f , the x -axis, and the y -axis.
(a) Solve for 0  x  2 . (i) 6  6sin x  6 ; (ii) 6  6sin x  0 . [5]
(b) Write down the exact value of the x -intercept of f , for 0  x  2 . [1]

(c) The area of the shaded region is k . Find the value of k , in terms of π. [6]

 
Let g ( x)  6  6sin  x   . The graph of f is transformed to the graph of g .
 2
(d) Give a full geometric description of this transformation. [2]
3π
p
(e) Given that p
2 g ( x)dx  k and 0  p  2 , write down the two values of p . [3]

58. [Maximum mark: 16] [with GDC]

Let f ( x )  Ae kx  3 . Part of the graph of f is shown below. The y -intercept is at (0,13).

(a) Show that A =10. [2]

(b) Given that f (15)  3.49 (correct to 3 significant figures), find the value of k . [3]
(c) (i) Using your value of k , find f ( x ) .
(ii) Hence, explain why f is a decreasing function.
(iii) Write down the equation of the horizontal asymptote of the graph f . [6]

Let g ( x )   x 2  12 x  24 .
(d) Find the area enclosed by the graphs of f and g . [6]

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 [MAA 5.11] DEFINITE INTEGRALS – AREAS

59. [Maximum mark: 14] [with GDC]

(a) On the same axes sketch the graphs of the functions, f ( x ) and g ( x ) , where
f ( x )  4  (1  x ) 2 , for 2  x  4 ,
g ( x )  ln( x  3)  2 , for 3  x  5 . [2]
(b) (i) Write down the equation of any vertical asymptotes.
(ii) State the x -intercept and y -intercept of g ( x ) . [3]
(c) Find the values of x for which f ( x )  g ( x ) . [2]
(d) Let A be the region where f ( x )  g ( x ) and x  0 .
(i) On your graph shade the region A .
(ii) Write down an integral that represents the area of A .
(iii) Evaluate this integral. [4]
(e) In the region A find the maximum vertical distance between f ( x ) and g ( x ) . [3]

60. [Maximum mark: 12] [with GDC]

2 2
(a) Sketch and label the graphs of f ( x )  e – x and g ( x )  e x – 1 for 0  x  1 , and
shade the region A which is bounded by the graphs and the y -axis. [3]
(b) Let the x -coordinate of the point of intersection of the curves y  f ( x ) and
y  g ( x ) be p . Without finding the value of p , show that
p
< (area of region A ) < p . [4]
2
(c) Find the value of p correct to four decimal places. [2]
(d) Express the area of region A as a definite integral and calculate its value. [3]

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