D.A.V.

Public School, Chennai 42

In text and Book back Exercises
Chapter : Light -Reflection and Refraction
Page 168
1. Define the principal focus of a concave mirror?
The rays parallel to the principal axis after reflection converge at a point on the principal
axis called the principal focus of a concave mirror.
2. The radius of curvature of a spherical mirror is 20cm. What is its focal length?
R = 2f Therefore f = 10cm
3. Name a mirror that can give an erect and enlarged image of an object.
Concave mirror
4. Why do we prefer a convex mirror as a rear – view mirror in vehicles?
Convex mirror always produces an erect and diminished image of the object and
therefore it gives a wider field of view
Page 171
1. Find the focal length of a convex mirror whose radius of curvature is 32cm.
R = +32cm f = +16cm
2. A concave mirror produces three times magnified real image of an object placed at 10cm in
front of it. Where is the image located?
𝑚 = −3 𝑢 = −10𝑐𝑚 𝑣 =?
𝑣
𝑚 = −𝑢
𝑣
−3 = − −10 𝑣 = −30𝑐𝑚

Page 176
1. A ray of light travelling in air enters obliquely into water. Does the light ray bend towards the
normal or away from the normal? Why?
The ray bends towards the normal because water is optically denser than air. On entering
into water the speed of light decreases and hence the light bends towards the normal.
2. Light enters from air to glass having refractive index 1.50. What is the speed of light in the
glass? The speed of light in vacuum is 3x108 ms-1 .
𝑛𝑔 = 1.5 𝑐 = 3 × 108 𝑚𝑠 −1 v =?
𝑐 𝑐
𝑛𝑔 = 𝑣 𝑣=𝑛
𝑔

3×108
𝑣= = 2 × 108 𝑚𝑠 −1
1.5

4. You are given kerosene, turpentine and water. In which of these does the light travel the
fastest?
Light travels the fastest in water because it has the least optical density.
5. The refractive index of diamond is 2.42 . What is the meaning of this statement?
By saying that the refractive index of diamond is 2.42, we mean that the speed of light in
diamond is lower by a factor of 2.42 relative to that in vacuum.
Page 184
1. Define 1 dioptre of power of a lens.
1 dioptre is the power of a lens whose focal length is 1 metre.
2. A convex lens forms a real and inverted image of a needle at a distance of 50cm from it.
Where is the needle placed in front of the convex lens if the image is equal to the size of the
object? Also, find the power of the lens.
𝑚 = −1 𝑣 = +50𝑐𝑚 𝑢 =?
𝑣
𝑚 = +𝑢 𝑢 = −50𝑐𝑚

Since image is of same size

3. Find the power of a concave lens of focal length 2m.
1 1
𝑃= = −2 = −𝑜. 5𝐷
𝑓

Book Back Exercises

7. We wish to obtain an erect image of an object, using a concave mirror of focal length 15cm.
What should be the range of distance of the object from the mirror? What should be the range of
distance of the object from the mirror? What is the nature of the image? Is the image larger or
smaller than the object? Draw a ray diagram to show the image formation in this case.
To obtain an erect image using a concave mirror the object has to be placed between the
pole and the principal focus. Therefore the range of distance should be less than 15cm.
The image formed is virtual.
The image formed will be enlarged.

8. Name the type of mirror used in the following situations. Support your answer with reason.
(a) Head light of a car – Concave mirror
The light source is placed at the focus to get a powerful parallel beam of light
(b) Side/rear view mirror of a vehicle. – Convex mirror
Since the image formed is always erect and diminished, we get a wider field of view.
(c) Solar furnace – Concave mirror
Light from the sun after reflection gets concentrated on the focus, producing maximum
efficiency of heating.
9. One half of a convex lens is covered with a black paper. Will this lens produce a complete
image of the object? Verify your answer experimentally. Explain your observation.
The lens produces a complete image even when half of convex lens is covered with black
paper, but the intensity or brightness of the image will decrease.
10. An object 5cm in length is held 25cm away from a converging lens of focal length 10cm.
Draw the ray diagram and find the position, size and the nature of the image formed.
ℎ = 5𝑐𝑚 𝑢 = −25𝑐𝑚 𝑓 = + 10𝑐𝑚
1 1 1 1 1 1
=𝑣−𝑢 =𝑓+𝑢
𝑓 𝑣

1 1 1 5−2 3
= +10 + −25 = = 50
𝑣 50
50
𝑣= = 16.67𝑐𝑚
3

ℎ′ 𝑣 ℎ′ 50⁄
3
𝑚= = =
ℎ 𝑢 5 −25
5×2
ℎ′ = − = −3.3 𝑐𝑚
3

11. A concave lens of focal length 15cm forms an image 10cm from the lens. How far is the
object placed from the lens? Draw the ray diagram
𝑓 = −15𝑐𝑚 𝑣 = −10𝑐𝑚 𝑢 =?
1 1 1 1 1 1
=𝑣−𝑢 = 𝑣−𝑓
𝑓 𝑢

1 1 1 −3+2 −1
= −10 − −15 = =
𝑢 30 30

𝑢 = −30𝑐𝑚

12. An object is placed at a distance of 10cm from a convex mirror of focal length 15cm. Find
the nature and position of the image.
𝑢 = −10𝑐𝑚 𝑓 = + 15𝑐𝑚 𝑣 =?
1 1 1 1 1 1
=𝑣+𝑢 =𝑓−𝑢
𝑓 𝑣

1 1 1 2+3 5
= 15 − −10 = = 30
𝑣 30

𝑣 = 6𝑐𝑚
The +ve sign of ‘v’ says the image is virtual and erect.
13. The magnification produced by a plane mirror is +1. What does this mean?
+1 means the image is virtual, erect and is of the same size.
14. An object 5cm in length is placed at a distance of 20cm in front of a convex mirror of radius
of curvature 30cm. Find the position of the image, its nature and size.
ℎ = 5𝑐𝑚 𝑢 = −20𝑐𝑚 𝑅 = + 30𝑐𝑚
𝑓 = + 15𝑐𝑚
1 1 1 1 1 1
=𝑣+𝑢 =𝑓−𝑢
𝑓 𝑣

1 1 1 4+3 7
= 15 − −20 = = 60
𝑣 60
60
𝑣= = 8.57𝑐𝑚
7

The image is virtual as v is +ve

ℎ′ 𝑣 ℎ′ 60⁄
𝑚= = −𝑢 = − −207
ℎ 5
5×3
ℎ′ = = 2.1 𝑐𝑚
7

15. An object of size 7cm is placed at 27cm in front of a concave mirror of focal length 18cm.
At what distance from the mirror should a screen be placed, so that a sharp focused image can be
obtained? Find the size and the nature of lens is this?
ℎ = 7𝑐𝑚 𝑢 = −27𝑐𝑚 𝑓 = −18𝑐𝑚
1 1 1 1 1 1
=𝑣+𝑢 =𝑓−𝑢
𝑓 𝑣

1 1 1 −3+2 −1
= −18 − −27 = =
𝑣 54 54

𝑣 = −54𝑐𝑚
The image is real as v is -ve
ℎ′ 𝑣 ℎ′ −54
𝑚= = −𝑢 = − −27
ℎ 7

ℎ′ = −2 × 7 = −14𝑐𝑚
16. Find the focal length of a lens of power -2.0D. What type of lens is this?
𝑃 = −2𝐷 𝑓 =?
1 1
𝑓= = −2 = −0.5𝑚
𝑃

Since the focal length is –ve the lens used is concave lens.
17. A doctor has prescribed a corrective lens of power +1.5D. Find the focal length of the lens.
Is the prescribed lens diverging or converging lens?
𝑃 = +1.5𝐷 𝑓 =?
1 1
𝑓= = +1.5 = +0.67𝑚 = 66.7𝑐𝑚
𝑃

Since the focal length is +ve the lens used is convex lens or converging lens.