LightSoft®

Network Management Solutions

General Description
417006-2705-0H3-A00
LightSoft General Description
Second Edition, June 2006

Catalog No: X34750

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ECI Telecom’s LightSoft
 LightSoft General Description Contents

Contents
1 Introduction.............................................................................. 1-1
Overview .......................................................................................................... 1-1
About ECI Telecom’s Optical Networks Division.............................................. 1-1
LightSoft – Multidimensional Management Solution ........................................ 1-8

2 The LightSoft Concept ............................................................ 2-1

Overview .......................................................................................................... 2-1
Features and Benefits ...................................................................................... 2-2
Multilayer Management .................................................................................... 2-3
Managed Elements vs. Logical Elements ........................................................ 2-4
Client/Server Architecture ................................................................................ 2-6
System Redundancy ........................................................................................ 2-7
EMS GUI Cut-Through ..................................................................................... 2-8
LightSoft Interfaces .......................................................................................... 2-8
Printing and Exporting to CSV........................................................................ 2-10
Craft Terminals............................................................................................... 2-10

3 User Interface........................................................................... 3-1

Overview .......................................................................................................... 3-1
LightSoft Main Window..................................................................................... 3-2
Multilayer Topology Views................................................................................ 3-5
Informational Maps........................................................................................... 3-7
Topology Groups.............................................................................................. 3-8
Inventory Window............................................................................................. 3-8
Customized Views............................................................................................ 3-9
GUI Cut-through (GCT) to EMSs ..................................................................... 3-9

4 Configuration ........................................................................... 4-1

Overview .......................................................................................................... 4-1
Creating and Configuring NEs.......................................................................... 4-2
Configuration Functions ................................................................................... 4-4
Automatic Discovery Functions ...................................................................... 4-12
Configuring Gateway Protection..................................................................... 4-12
Unmanaged Elements.................................................................................... 4-13
Optical EMS Features .................................................................................... 4-14

5 Trail Management .................................................................... 5-1

Overview .......................................................................................................... 5-1
Trail Provisioning and Management................................................................. 5-2
Ethernet Services ............................................................................................. 5-6
Supported Trail Types ...................................................................................... 5-7

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 Contents LightSoft General Description

Trail Filters........................................................................................................ 5-9

Trail Acquisition and Synchronization ............................................................ 5-10
Importing Traffic Configuration Files .............................................................. 5-10
Protection ....................................................................................................... 5-11

6 Alarm and Fault Management ................................................ 6-1

Overview .......................................................................................................... 6-1
Alarm Types ..................................................................................................... 6-2
Alarm Indicators ............................................................................................... 6-2
Alarm Severity Levels....................................................................................... 6-3
Current Alarms Window ................................................................................... 6-4
Alarm and Event Logs ...................................................................................... 6-6
Alarm and Event Filters .................................................................................... 6-7
Alarm Export Interfaces.................................................................................. 6-10

7 Performance Management...................................................... 7-1

Overview .......................................................................................................... 7-1
Performance Monitoring ................................................................................... 7-2
Element Performance Parameters ................................................................... 7-6
Performance Logs ............................................................................................ 7-8
Tandem Connection Monitoring (TCM) ....................................................................... 7-8

8 Maintenance............................................................................. 8-1
Overview .......................................................................................................... 8-1
Maintenance Operations .................................................................................. 8-2
Protection Switching......................................................................................... 8-3
Reset Transmission Cards ............................................................................... 8-4
View Maintenance Operations ......................................................................... 8-4
View Optical Card Parameters ......................................................................... 8-4

9 Administration and Security................................................... 9-1

Overview .......................................................................................................... 9-1
User Security.................................................................................................... 9-1
Concurrent Users ............................................................................................. 9-3
System Security ............................................................................................... 9-4
Administrative Functions .................................................................................. 9-6
Secure Unix Environment................................................................................. 9-7

A Reference Documents............................................................ A-1

10 Glossary .................................................................................. B-1

11 Index .......................................................................................... I-1

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Table of Figures
Figure 1-1: XDM platforms ............................................................................................. 1-3
Figure 1-2: BroadGate family ......................................................................................... 1-6
Figure 1-3: T::DAX ......................................................................................................... 1-7
Figure 2-1: ECI Telecom’s layered architecture management concept......................... 2-3
Figure 2-2: Managed elements and logical elements .................................................... 2-5
Figure 2-3: LE splitting schematic.................................................................................. 2-6
Figure 2-4: System redundancy ..................................................................................... 2-7
Figure 2-5: Configuring cross connects on XDM NEs from the LCT-XDM.................. 2-11
Figure 3-1: LightSoft main window................................................................................. 3-2
Figure 3-2: Alarm counter bar ........................................................................................ 3-3
Figure 3-3: Network with different views of each layer .................................................. 3-5
Figure 3-4: Availability Map window............................................................................... 3-7
Figure 3-5: Sample GCT to XDM-500 and BG-40 shelf views ...................................... 3-9
Figure 4-1: Add New Route for XDM window ................................................................ 4-3
Figure 4-2: XDM Shelf View window as displayed in the EMS-XDM............................. 4-4
Figure 4-3: Typical XDM Slot Assignment window ........................................................ 4-5
Figure 4-4: EMS–XDM SDH internal view window ........................................................ 4-7
Figure 4-5: BroadGate data internal view window ......................................................... 4-7
Figure 4-6: XDM optical card internals window.............................................................. 4-7
Figure 4-7: XDM NE attributes window.......................................................................... 4-8
Figure 4-8: XDM Timing Configuration window ............................................................. 4-9
Figure 4-9: Timing Map window ................................................................................... 4-11
Figure 5-1: Trail List window .......................................................................................... 5-3
Figure 5-2: Trails pane showing Alarm State indication column (far right) .................... 5-3
Figure 5-3: Trail Properties - Basic tab .......................................................................... 5-4
Figure 5-4: Advanced tab............................................................................................... 5-4
Figure 5-5: Protection tab............................................................................................... 5-4
Figure 5-6: Statistics tab ................................................................................................ 5-4
Figure 5-7: Trails Paths pane showing diverse routing.................................................. 5-5
Figure 5-8: ETH Service List window............................................................................. 5-6
Figure 5-9: Create Filter window .................................................................................... 5-9
Figure 5-10: Trail Consistency Indicator window ......................................................... 5-10
Figure 6-1: BroadGate alarm severity window............................................................... 6-3
Figure 6-2: Current Alarms window ............................................................................... 6-4
Figure 6-3: Event Log window with user note ................................................................ 6-5
Figure 6-4: Event Log History window ........................................................................... 6-6
Figure 6-5: Event Log Configuration window ................................................................. 6-6
Figure 6-6: Alarm Filter window ..................................................................................... 6-7

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Contents LightSoft General Description

Figure 6-7: Alarm Indicator window ............................................................................... 6-9

Figure 7-1: Trail Performance Monitoring window ......................................................... 7-3
Figure 7-2: EMS-XDM Current Performance window .................................................... 7-4
Figure 7-3: XDM Performance History window.............................................................. 7-5
Figure 7-4: EMS-XDM Thresholds Profile window......................................................... 7-6
Figure 7-5: XDM Optical PM Current/History Report window........................................ 7-7
Figure 7-6: EMS-XDM PM Setup window...................................................................... 7-8
Figure 8-1: Maintenance Operations window ................................................................ 8-2
Figure 8-2: Path Protection Switch window ................................................................... 8-3
Figure 8-3: XDM Optical Parameters window................................................................ 8-4
Figure 9-1: Security Configuration window .................................................................... 9-2
Figure 9-2: Add Resource Domain window ................................................................... 9-3
Figure 9-3: Security Configuration window – Preferences tab....................................... 9-4
Figure 9-4: Activity Log window ..................................................................................... 9-5
Figure 9-5: EMS-XDM SW Management window.......................................................... 9-6

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 1
1 Introduction
In This Chapter
Overview ..................................................................................................... 1-1
2

About ECI Telecom’s Optical Networks Division ...................................... 1-1

LightSoft – Multidimensional Management Solution ................................. 1-8
2

Overview
Network traffic is expected to increase significantly over the coming years with
the growing requirements of bandwidth, multiple coexisting services, and
instant provisioning putting pressure on operators and service providers. To
stay competitive and protect profitability, telcos and carriers must build
networks that are both flexible and scaleable enough to meet the traffic
requirements of today, as well as the networking needs of tomorrow.

About ECI Telecom’s Optical

Networks Division
The Optical Networks Division at ECI Telecom has been providing customers
around the world with on-demand next-generation intelligent optical
networking solutions for more than a decade. ECI Telecom’s unique solutions
enable you to keep up with rapid network growth easily and cost effectively,
regardless of whether you are migrating from ring to mesh topologies, adding
more services, or expanding SDH/SONET, optical, and Ethernet networks.

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Introduction LightSoft General Description

ECI Telecom Products

ECI Telecom’s intelligent SDH/SONET, optical, and Ethernet solutions are
designed to anticipate the future. By employing on-demand networking, instant
end-to-end service provisioning, and build-as-you-grow™ architectures, our
systems can protect your initial investment and ensure economical and easy
scalability to meet future demands.
In particular, Ethernet services have been the driving force in the
telecommunications industry in recent years, providing a new approach to
Ethernet service provisioning and connectivity. This has brought about
exceptional growth in the demand for more bandwidth at reduced costs. ECI
Telecom products provide answers to all of these requirements - and more.
ECI Telecom’s product line includes:
The XDM® intelligent MSPP (MultiService Provisioning Platform) for
metro and cellular networks
The BroadGate® integrated access solution that carries voice and Ethernet
over optical fiber to customers’ premises
The T::DAX® multistandard cross-connect system that supports both North
American and European standards on a single platform
In addition, ECI Telecom has applied its many years of network management
experience to bring you LightSoft® – the ultimate in network management
solutions.
Each of these products is discussed in the following sections.

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LightSoft General Description Introduction

XDM
ECI Telecom’s XDM is an intelligent MSPP that integrates all the transport
functions of a complete POP (Point of Presence) in a single shelf-size element.
The XDM accommodates the growing demand for bandwidth while
maintaining compatibility and enhanced flexibility to transport all types of
traffic, including voice, data, and video.

Figure 1-1: XDM platforms

The XDM integrates the capabilities of multiple technologies. It combines the

high manageability, fast protection time, and multiple topology support of
TDM with the enhanced connectivity and availability of cross connects,
DWDM bandwidth, and the efficient transport of Ethernet, IP, and ATM. This
results in a single, powerful, flexible, and reliable platform with unparalleled
functionality.
The XDM’s exceptional grooming capabilities and high and low granularity
make it extremely adaptable to traffic changes. Its outstanding performance
reduces line resources and eliminates bottlenecks in metro-core hub sites. The
platform’s modular design features universal I/O slots and hot-swappable cards
and modules. This flexibility enables the provisioning of multiple combinations
of topologies, bitrates, protection schemes, and ports or protocols on-demand to
meet any service need.
The XDM product line consists of larger and smaller shelf platforms.

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Introduction LightSoft General Description

Larger shelf platforms

XDM-40 – modular C/DWDM and OTN platform for metro-access and

CPE applications: Enables service providers to build end-to-end flexible
standards-based OTN solutions that address the growing demand for
business data transport. It gives service providers the flexibility to take full
advantage of their existing networks, while providing a smooth and fully
supported migration to IP over optics.
XDM-400 – compact MSPP for metro-edge or long-haul applications: An
innovative product optimized for optical metro-access and cellular
applications. When equipped with high-power long-haul optical devices, it
provides an excellent solution for regional applications spanning distances
of up to 1500 km. It features an advanced architecture, and offers high
capacity and reliability for data-optimized next-generation optical
networks.
XDM-500 – data-aware access gateway: Designed for medium interface
capacities and street-cabinet installations, the XDM-500 is a compact
optical platform optimized for the metro-edge. It provides traditional
broadband services and highly advanced data services like adaptive rate
Gigabit Ethernet, POS, and lambda.
XDM-1000 – multiservice metro optical platform: Designed for
high-capacity central exchange applications, the XDM-1000 is optimized
for the metro-core and features unprecedented port densities.
As a digital cross connect, it forms a fully protected mesh core. As a
multi-ADM, it simultaneously closes STM-64/OC-192 core
MS-SPRing/BLSR and multiple edge 1+1/UPSR rings. As a DWDM, it
enables migration from SDH/SONET to DWDM networks, providing high
capacity and sublambda grooming and reliability.

The XDM-1000 provides connectivity between central office legacy

switches over E1, E3/DS-3, and STM-1/OC-3 trunks, and between POPs
over native Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, or POS, while efficiently
grooming traffic from edge rings.

XDM-2000 – multifunctional intelligent optical switch: Designed for the

metro and metro-regional core, the XDM-2000 is optimized for pure
DWDM and hybrid optical applications. This is a highly dense DWDM
platform that provides intelligent sublambda grooming and optimum
wavelength utilization.

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LightSoft General Description Introduction

Smaller shelf platforms

XDM-50 – Ultra-Compact MSPP Package: Complements the XDM

product line as a redundant STM-1 MSPP lower-end solution. MSPPs play
a critical role in the journey from legacy to next-generation networks. The
XDM-50 MSPP enables carriers to leverage their SDH/SONET installed
base while offering an increasing mix of services to customers. With its
high modularity and flexibility of interfaces, the XDM-50 preserves the
high availability and quality of networking services.
Designed to provide a swift response to evolving network requirements, the
XDM-50 brings greater levels of flexibility to metropolitan and cellular
networks, and is emerging as a solid solution for these focused and highly
cost-sensitive markets.

XDM-100 – miniature MSPP for metro-access and cellular networks: A

modular miniature shelf built to accept a large variety of interfaces and to
support a wide range of redundant or non-redundant configurations. As
many of its bigger siblings, the XDM-100 spans the spectrum from E1 to
STM-16/OC-48, Ethernet, and Gigabit Ethernet.
XDM-200 – compact CWDM platform for metro-access networks: Serves
as a response to the ever-increasing demand for high bandwidth in the
metro-access and metro-edge markets, mostly due to the immense
expansion of data and storage services. The XDM-200 offers an effective
solution, in terms of cost and size, while broadening the options for
developing new wavelength services.

BroadGate
ECI Telecom’s BroadGate family of products extends the SDH access network
to small and medium enterprises by combining SDH transmission units with
service delivery units, data and channel service units, Ethernet switches and
bridges, and primary multiplexers.
The BroadGate family of products consists of:
nNT – line of SDH-based termination and consolidation units for LAN, E1,
and synchronous data services, including:
nNT-L – delivers LAN and E1 services. It supports two versatile E1
interfaces and four 10/100BaseT Ethernet interfaces.
nNT-E – delivers E1-based services. It supports four versatile E1
interfaces.

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Introduction LightSoft General Description

nNT-X – delivers X.21- and V.35-based synchronous data services,

together with E1 services. It supports two versatile E1 interfaces and
two programmable X.21/V.35 interfaces.
CUOD (Consolidation Unit for Optical Distribution) – consolidates and
distributes traffic to and from end-users. CUOD cards can be installed
in any SYNCOM SDH ADM or in the μDXC standalone subrack.
μSDM-1 – an ideal STM-1 network termination unit for both optical and
SDH networks. The μSDM-1 unit can be configured either as a TM or as
an ADM supporting all major topologies, including point-to-point, chain,
ring, and mesh. It enables protected distribution of E1, E3, DS-3, and PDH
signals to customers’ premises.
BG-20/40 – miniature MultiService Provisioning Platform (MSPP). It
provides add-on service capabilities for a vast array of cellular and access
network systems, as well as broadband services to enterprise customers
over the same infrastructure, while reducing power consumption, space
requirements, and overall cost.
SAN-XT – revolutionary shelf that optimizes the transmission process for
all aspects of Storage Area Networks (SAN).

Figure 1-2: BroadGate family

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LightSoft General Description Introduction

T::DAX – bandwidth management platform

T::DAX is a multistandard cross-connect system that supports both North
American and European standards on a single platform. It handles PDH/Async
and SDH/SONET traffic, including gateway cross connections from A-law to
µ-law, DS-0 to E0, and up to OC-48c to STM-16c. It also provides a variety of
interface ports that can carry a mixture of ITU-T and NAS tributaries.
T::DAX integrates cross-connect features with frame and cell switching and IP
routing, supporting multiple data, voice, and TDM applications over a single
platform. As networks become more converged, T::DAX replaces multiple
elements which groom and interwork low-rate data and voice traffic. As such,
T::DAX frees the backbone network capacity, reduces network costs, and
enables immediate scalability.

Figure 1-3: T::DAX

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Introduction LightSoft General Description

LightSoft – Multidimensional
Management Solution
LightSoft is a unified network management system (NMS) that provisions,
monitors, and controls all network layers. This means on-demand service
provisioning, pinpoint bandwidth allocation, and dramatic reductions in the
equipment and operating costs that multiple management systems often require.
LightSoft helps you realize the full potential of your SDH/SONET, optical, and
Ethernet networks through integrated data-aware netwide management. One
integrated management system gives you full control of all your NEs,
regardless of manufacturer, and gain a complete view of the network at a
glance.
A single user-friendly interface combines configuration, maintenance, and
performance management tools with fault handling, end-to-end trail definition,
and fail-safe database backups for uninterrupted and reliable network
operation. TMN-compliant, LightSoft reduces OPEX, minimizes downtime,
and ensures your network is always performing at its best.

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 2
2 The LightSoft Concept
In This Chapter
Overview ....................................................................................................... 2-1
Features and Benefits..................................................................................... 2-2
Multilayer Management ................................................................................ 2-3
Managed Elements vs. Logical Elements...................................................... 2-4
Client/Server Architecture ............................................................................. 2-6
System Redundancy ...................................................................................... 2-7
EMS GUI Cut-Through ................................................................................. 2-8
LightSoft Interfaces ....................................................................................... 2-8
Printing and Exporting to CSV.................................................................... 2-10
Craft Terminals............................................................................................ 2-10

Overview
LightSoft introduces a new kind of network management concept –
multidimensional network management – enabling users to manage multiple
technology layers (SDH/SONET, Ethernet, and optical) independently of the
physical layer. LightSoft manages the complete family of element management
systems (EMSs) offered by ECI Telecom, enabling you to assume full control
of all equipment in your network. This includes XDM, BroadGate NTs, and
other third-party equipment. LightSoft enables multiple operators to configure
the network simultaneously without configuration conflicts between them.

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The LightSoft Concept LightSoft General Description

Features and Benefits

LightSoft offers the following features and benefits:
Multilayer topology views – show the topology of each technology layer
(SDH/SONET, Ethernet, and optical) independently of the topology of the
physical layer. LightSoft automatically recognizes the relationships
between layers. The displayed layer shows its own objects and links, as
well as "virtual" link representations of trails from an underlying
technological layer.
Fast and flexible fault management – provides effective alarms handling,
online event reporting, and current/history fault logs, leading to reduced
downtime. The displayed alarms include links to alarm troubleshooting
tips. Each technology layer shows its own alarms. An alarm correlation
feature enables you to quickly identify the root cause of a problem, without
having to check the chain of alarms precipitated by an initial alarm.
End-to-end trail definition – enables comprehensive trail definition of both
primary and protection paths supporting all types of trails (EoS,
SDH/SONET, optical), protection schemes, and user constraints. Simply
point and click to connect any two endpoints in even the most complex of
topologies. Powerful trail reconstruction options to reconcile discrepancies
between the different layers and batch traffic management capabilities are
also included.
Rich user-friendly graphical interface provides many advanced features,
including sortable tables, customizable columns and counters, nested
groups, and color-coded links. Point-and-click functionality is available at
all levels, both physical and technological.
Integration in TMN environments – LightSoft complies with all relevant
ITU-T standards and TMF recommendations and supports the standard
interface northbound and southbound. The TMF MTNM standard interface
between LightSoft and EMSs enables LightSoft to easily integrate under
and be managed by upper level management systems (OSSs), as well as
manage various third-party EMSs. The ability to be managed via a
standardized interface has the advantage of working with existing
equipment, saving considerably on CAPEX and maximizing on existing
network infrastructure.
Fail-safe database backup – additional hardware may be deployed as
standby to assume full control of the network if the active site fails, thereby
ensuring uninterrupted operation and data integrity.

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LightSoft General Description The LightSoft Concept

Comprehensive configuration, maintenance, and performance monitoring

(PM) tools – enable full and efficient control of network resources,
resulting in streamlined operation and a high QoS.
Sophisticated customer network management (CNM) – the ability to
partition a managed network’s resources (domains) amongst various users
(CNM clients) and assign them different capabilities (profiles). Service
providers can lease ports, cards, or entire NEs to CNM clients, and give
them the means to monitor or even manage these resources. In addition,
network operators can functionally partition their network amongst their
own subdivisions for organizational reasons, for example, regional
management. LightSoft offers an extremely fine-grained selection of both
capabilities and domains.

Multilayer Management
ECI Telecom’s management concept is designed with a layered architecture in
accordance with ITU-T recommendation M.3010. Separate management layers
make up this management structure. The lowest, the Network Element Layer
(NEL), constitutes the embedded agent software of the network elements
(NEs). The second layer, the Element Management Layer (EML), controls
many individual NEs, while the third layer, the Network Management Layer
(NML), controls all the main network management functions (see Figure 2-1).

Figure 2-1: ECI Telecom’s layered architecture management concept

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The LightSoft Concept LightSoft General Description

In this scheme, LightSoft functions at the NML level, while EMSs function at
the EML level. LightSoft can manage all the EMSs offered by ECI Telecom,
including EMS-XDM, EMS-SYNCOM, and EMS-nBG for BroadGate systems.
A northbound interface can connect LightSoft to your various Operations
Support Systems (OSSs).

Managed Elements vs. Logical

Elements
LightSoft offers a clear distinction between the NEs or managed elements
(MEs) that make up the network, and the logical elements (LEs) that thee MEs
represent. While an ME represents a piece of equipment (typically a shelf), an
LE represents a logical functionality of the network, such as several ports
functioning as a multiplexer. This unique distinction enables true
multidimensional network management by allowing operators to focus on MEs
when creating and deleting NEs, and separately on the logical functionality of
each technology level (for example, SDH/SONET, optical, or Ethernet) when
managing trails.

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LightSoft General Description The LightSoft Concept

When an ME is added to the network at the physical layer of LightSoft, an LE

is automatically projected into the relevant technology layer depending on the
ports contained in the ME shelf. If the ME contains ports that belong to
multiple technologies (for example, XDM shelves), LEs are created at each
technology layer containing only ports relevant to that layer.

Figure 2-2: Managed elements and logical elements

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The LightSoft Concept LightSoft General Description

LightSoft can perform a wide range of management functions on LEs at the

NMS level.
For example, operators can split the LE (created by projection from the ME)
into multiple secondary LEs distinguished by function. Each LE comprises a
subset of the total number of available ports (representing a function or part of
a function) at a particular technology level.
In a network where an XDM controls three SDH/SONET rings, it is possible to
create separate LEs for specific ports in each of the rings.
Similarly, an optical element may consist of a transponder and a multiplexer.
The link between them can be made more explicit on the map if they are
represented by separate symbols.

Figure 2-3: LE splitting schematic

Other LightSoft management functions on LEs at the NMS level include:

Creating, displaying, and modifying elements
Displaying current alarms for each element
Performing maintenance operations on transmission objects
Linking the element to other elements
Deleting elements

Client/Server Architecture
LightSoft implements an advanced client/server software architecture. The
server can run on one or multiple Solaris workstation/s installed with multiple
clients. LightSoft also supports installation of the client application on
dedicated PCs equipped with the Linux operating system. Each LightSoft client
has the ability to configure and manage the network. This distributed
architecture enables you to divide large complex networks among multiple
operators. The multiconfigurator feature gives each of these operators the tools
and ability to open LightSoft sessions and manage parts or all of the network
simultaneously.

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LightSoft General Description The LightSoft Concept

System Redundancy
LightSoft uses a protection scheme called RDR (Remote Database Replication)
to provide full network management backup capabilities. RDR employs
duplicate management hardware, with one station serving as the active site
(primary server) and the other as standby site (backup server and mirror). One
standby site can act as a backup for multiple stations (1:n) running LightSoft
and various EMSs. Conversely, more than one standby site can back up the
same active site for higher resiliency.
All active databases (both NMS and EMS) are periodically duplicated and
transmitted over a direct Data Communication Network (DCN) link to the
standby site. The frequency of replication is configured by the user. In order to
make the replication process as efficient as possible, database transfers use a
compressed format and include only the necessary changes.
In the event of a failure in the active site, the RDR enables the operator to
quickly switch over to the standby site and resume network management within
minutes. A sophisticated mechanism updates the standby site only with the NE
configuration data that has changed since the last replication. When the primary
server is restored, the operator can initiate a replication back from the standby
site in order to preserve any configuration changes that were made while the
primary server was down.
A client workstation can be connected over the same LAN to both the active
and standby sites, so that when switching from one site to the other, the client
operator can always initiate a client session on the station presently managing
the network.

Figure 2-4: System redundancy

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EMS GUI Cut-Through

LightSoft provides easy access to functions performed at the EMS level using a
process called GUI (Graphical User Interface) Cut-through (GCT). GCT
enables the user to invoke EMS functions without having to separately log in to
the EMS.
Cut-through functionality is used throughout the system. With it you can access
any EMS window to:
Create and delete NEs
Set and change NE attributes
Configure shelves and cards
Set NE timing sources
For additional information about GCT, see page 3-9.

LightSoft Interfaces
LightSoft's open interfaces architecture enables users to import and export
management data from/to other systems. Operations such as fault handling,
service provisioning, inventory management and billing for ECI Telecom’s
NEs can be performed via interfaces with external OSSs (Operations Support
Systems).

CORBA Interfaces
LightSoft features both northbound and southbound interfaces to transfer data
externally and to integrate your management system into almost any network
environment.
LightSoft supports the emerging TMF MTNM standard for transferring data
to/from diverse EMSs/OSSs. MTNM (Multi-Technology Network
Management) is an open-architecture environment that brings together
SDH/SONET, Ethernet, DWDM, and ATM into one management interface.
The MTNM protocol is a cooperative effort by member companies of the
TeleManagement Forum, a non-profit global organization providing leadership,
strategic guidance, and practical solutions to improve the management and
operation of communications services.
ECI Telecom uses MTNM as both its southbound interface to manage its own
and other vendors' equipment, and as its northbound interface enabling
LightSoft to be managed by other TNM systems.

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A partial list of information transmitted via the MTNM protocol includes:

Full alarms, threshold crossing alerts, and event reporting
Unsolicited information and automatically initiated new network alarms
Node configuration
Traffic information (including end-to-end connection display)
Topology (network configuration and discovery capabilities)
Status information
GUI cut-through
Control commands from the upper system
Traffic provisioning commands
Protection management

SQL Database Access

LightSoft enables you to use SQL tools to query its databases at the NMS or
EMS level. Access to the management databases is provided for use by external
applications customized to customer needs. Information tables are created
online on the LightSoft disk in response to external requests. Included
information spans the various functional needs of the customers. The data is
provided in a simple predefined format, and includes equipment inventory,
various NE attributes, full topology, and trail and customer information.

XML Interfaces
LightSoft enables you to perform batch operations by importing and/or
exporting data from/to XML files. LightSoft enables you to import/export
trails, as well as NEs and slot assignments.
This powerful functionality automates time and resource-consuming
operations. It can also be used to connect with network planning tools.

Alarm Interfaces
LightSoft provides a variety of alarm interfaces, such as alarm export to OSS
using CORBA-MTNM, alarm export via FTP, SMS, and email, and audio
alarm indications. For more information, see Alarm Export Interfaces (on page
6-10).

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The LightSoft Concept LightSoft General Description

Printing and Exporting to CSV

Many LightSoft and EMS list or map windows provide options for printing or
exporting information. You can print to any Postscript network printer, as well
as to Postscript-formatted files, and configure the format in which lists are
printed. LightSoft enables exporting list data to a delimited format file, such as
CSV, for import to Microsoft Excel or a relational database application.

Craft Terminals
ECI Telecom offers a powerful suite of Local Craft Terminals (LCTs)
supporting all the functionality required by a technician arriving at a site. These
include:
Full installation
NE commissioning (slot assignment, IP routing, and DCC ports
configuration)
Cross-connect configuration
Current alarms viewing
Maintenance operations
Troubleshooting
LCTs provide the technician with a clear view and control of NE cards and
internal objects, status, and configuration. The LCTs can easily be operated
from any laptop, and feature rapid direct connection to deployed NEs.

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Each type of NE managed by LightSoft features a craft terminal application.

The LCT-XDM is used by field engineers to install, provision, and maintain
XDM NEs.

Figure 2-5: Configuring cross connects on XDM NEs from the LCT-XDM

SYNCOM and μSDM-1 NEs use the eEM, a PC-based craft terminal
application that also features real-time fault management, performance
monitoring (PM), and security management. Its configuration features enable
control down to the level of individual cards and circuits.
Although craft terminal applications are normally connected directly to an NE
in the field, they can also be used to provide remote access to any other NE on
the same network.

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 3
3 User Interface
In This Chapter
Overview ..................................................................................................... 3-1
LightSoft Main Window.............................................................................. 3-2
Multilayer Topology Views......................................................................... 3-5
Informational Maps ..................................................................................... 3-7
Topology Groups......................................................................................... 3-8
Inventory Window....................................................................................... 3-8
Customized Views....................................................................................... 3-9
GUI Cut-through (GCT) to EMSs ............................................................... 3-9

Overview
The LightSoft user interface provides a powerful yet easy-to-use tool for
managing your network. It is a fully graphical environment, with all functions
performed with a mouse. The contents of most windows can also be printed.
The system's ease of use has many benefits. It cuts down training time,
simplifies complex configurations and actions, and significantly reduces
response time. User interface features include:
Easily understood displays and intuitive functions
Adaptable windows
Detailed online help
Extensive report printing
In keeping with the LightSoft concept of multidimensional network
management, the user interface depicts the entire network in multiple views.
These conform to the different layers of your network (physical, SDH/SONET,
optical, and Ethernet), enabling you to manage each layer independently.

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LightSoft Main Window

The LightSoft main window contains everything needed for uninterrupted and
reliable network operation, including configuration, maintenance, performance
and fault management tools, as well as end-to-end trail definition. It can also
optionally contain a background map of your network's topology.
Figure 3-1 shows the LightSoft main window accessed after successfully
logging in to the system. The main window is always displayed when the
application is active and not minimized, either as the active window or as a
background for other windows.

Figure 3-1: LightSoft main window

You can open multiple windows simultaneously showing different views of the
network or subnetworks with selected topology groups or objects. Each view
can display a different topology layer independent of other layers with its own
perspective on the network, and allow different operations. The views can be
cascaded or tiled on the screen as required.

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LightSoft can also be configured to use multiple physical monitors (for

example, two or three monitors placed side by side, or six monitors in a 2 × 3
array) as one large virtual display – popularly known as Xinerama.
The LightSoft main window is comprised of various elements described in the
following sections.

Topology Tree
The topology tree presents information about sites and NEs, down to the slot
and port level, in a tree-like hierarchical structure. The topology tree provides a
concise and organized way to manage NEs.
An element selected in the tree appears highlighted in both the topology view
and the Navigator, providing an additional visual aid when managing large
networks. The topology tree also contains a search function that enables you to
quickly find any NE in your network (no matter how large or complex its
topology) and center it automatically on the LightSoft main window map.

Navigator
As LightSoft can manage thousands of NEs, it is essential that a method exist
for navigating very complex topologies in the user interface. The Navigator
provides a convenient way to do this by displaying a thumbnail representation
of the entire topology in a small window on top of the LightSoft main window.
You can quickly zoom in and out, bringing a sense of order and control to even
the largest and most complex of topologies.

Alarm Counters
Alarm counters are filters that display the number of alarms or threshold
crossing alerts that meet specified criteria – either predefined (Critical and
Major, Minor and Warning, or Disconnected MEs) or user-defined special-
purpose counters. The results appear in the Counter bar on the LightSoft main
window toolbar. The color designations of alarm counters can be customized.

Figure 3-2: Alarm counter bar

It is possible to share any counter that you create with other users in your own
user group or all users. You can access counters to which you are entitled from
any workstation. Double-clicking any counter opens the Current Alarms
window filtered with that counter's alarms.

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User Interface LightSoft General Description

Other types of alarm filters can be defined, including filtered lists of alarms or
events, and notification by sounds or popup windows of alarms with specified
characteristics. For more information, see Alarm and Event Filters (on page 6-7).

Trail Consistency Indicator Counter

The Trail Consistency Indicator (TCI) counter in the LightSoft main window
toolbar shows the number of inconsistencies (actual network configuration
versus observed LightSoft representation) in existing trails. The color of the
counter indicates the worst inconsistency condition of the trails in the selected
count.
A TCI flag icon opens additional information about trail inconsistencies. Both
the icon and counter's presence on the toolbar are configurable.

Topology Links
Working with links in LightSoft is quick and simple. On the system map lines
connecting two elements represent links. The status of the links is color-coded,
making it easy to distinguish the alarm state of a given link. A topology link
indicates the actual number of links represented between any two elements and
may be created in any topology layer (physical, SDH/SONET, Ethernet, or
optical). Link widths on the LightSoft main window map are differentiated in
accordance with the link rate.
Topology links may be physical links, either created manually or acquired from
an EMS through a discovery process, or "virtual". In technology views, virtual
links are representations of trails in an underlying technology layer, for
example, SDH/SONET virtual links resulting from an LP-SDH/SONET trail in
the OTN technology layer, or OTN lightpaths in the SDH/SONET layer. For
more information, see Multilayer Topology Views (on page 3-5).
Once created, topology links can be edited or modified. Links can have
attributes (for example, cost, distance, quality) which are later used by the
pathfinding algorithm for optimizing routes; see Trail Provisioning and
Management (on page 5-2).
You can insert an ME or unmanaged element (UME) into an existing link. An
inserted UME can be useful for maintaining accurate network topology. If the
inserted object is an ME, the relevant XC changes are downloaded to the actual
NE via its EMS. The procedure automatically creates new links, properly
configures the trails on the new link, and deletes the old link. There is no need
to manually delete or edit trails.

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Multilayer Topology Views

As a multidimensional NMS, LightSoft can manage many types of equipment
and technologies. Advanced topology map design – multilayer topology views
– greatly facilitates this management.
Multilayer topology views enable you to display the topology of each
technology layer independently of the topology of the physical layer, while at
the same time automatically recognizing the relationships between layers. The
displayed layer shows its own objects and links, as well as "virtual" link
representations of trails from an underlying technological layer.
In addition, each layer contains its own alarm indicators, enabling fault
management of each technology in the network. You can choose which layer to
view from a list displayed in the LightSoft main window.

Figure 3-3: Network with different views of each layer

The physical views (or layers) display the network infrastructure, that is, the
physical topology of the NEs in your network (for example, XDM and
SYNCOM shelves) and the physical connections between them. This view is
used for adding, configuring, and deleting NEs, as well as defining the
connections between them.
The EMS topology view displays all elements represented by their respective
dedicated EMS workstation, whose icon is shown on the network map. With
the EMS view, users can add, configure, and monitor the EMSs with
considerable ease.

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Technology Layers
The technology layers are used to display technology ports (for example,
SDH/SONET, DWDM, or Ethernet) that are present in the network, regardless
of the actual NE on which the ports are physically located. These views display
the primary LE created by default from the MEs present in the network, as well
as any LEs that were split from the primary LE. This functionality enables
operators to obtain a technology-centric view of their network.
LightSoft automatically recognizes the relationships between technology
layers. The technology views show only the objects and links pertaining to the
displayed view, as well as virtual link representations of trails from an
underlying technological layer. A layer displays as virtual links the logical
connections between two endpoints that exist as a result of a trail in the
underlying technology layer.

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Informational Maps
LightSoft's user interface contains maps that provide you with information
about the network.

Availability Map
The Availability Map window shows the available resources for each link at
various rates, with customizable ranges and colors. This is an important tool for
traffic planning in the network.

Figure 3-4: Availability Map window

Timing Map
The Timing Map window enables you to monitor the network's timing
topology using a convenient color-coding scheme.
The timing sources for each NE are configured via the respective EMS in the
Timing Configuration window of each NE. You can choose between a variety
of timing sources for the NEs in your network.
You can use LightSoft to manually select (force) a specific timing source, even
if the system has automatically made a different selection based on the quality
of the sources and the priorities assigned by the user. This action is performed
from the EMS or via GCT from LightSoft.
For more information, see NE Timing and Synchronization (on page 4-9).

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RSTP Map
A bridged Ethernet network must operate in a loop-free fashion when the
Ethernet topology itself contains loops to provide redundancy.
The Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) automatically creates a "spanning"
tree of links connecting all the bridges (when possible). The spanning tree is
always loop-free. Links in the tree are active (used by Ethernet traffic), while
those not in the tree are inactive. Whenever changes in the network are detected
(new/removed links or elements, or failed/restored links), the RSTP
dynamically updates the spanning tree. The Ethernet layer may have several
unconnected Ethernet networks, each with its own RSTP tree.
LightSoft's RSTP Map feature shows the parts of the tree used by traffic
between Ethernet service endpoints, and enables you to understand current
traffic flow.

Topology Groups
Management of large networks is facilitated by combining multiple NEs into
one icon in the topology view. LightSoft’s user interface enables you to create
groups that are nested within other groups, thereby condensing the size of the
topology display. The group icon always displays the propagated alarm status.
A group can easily be expanded to display all its component NEs and their
connections, or collapsed to the single group icon by clicking the mouse or
using menu options.
At the physical layer, groups are composed of sites and MEs. At the technology
layers, such as SDH/SONET, Ethernet, and optical, LE groups can be formed.
Group types can be used to depict physical sites, geographical regions, or even
logical units like rings or subnetworks.

Inventory Window
The Inventory window allows you to obtain a wide range of information
regarding the NEs managed by each EMS.
Information includes the NE name, alarm status, type, location and state, as
well as slot number, card type, and version of each card.

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Customized Views
LightSoft’s user interface can be customized for each customer. For example, a
service provider may customize each layer’s view to reflect its site hierarchy
and the way its corresponding network is administered. Customized views
enable the user to see only the most pertinent information. In addition, they
provide streamlined access to the functionality the user needs most.

GUI Cut-through (GCT) to EMSs

Functions that are performed at the EMS level via cut-through are invoked
through the LightSoft user interface just like functions performed natively by
LightSoft at the NMS level. EMS windows are displayed directly on top of the
LightSoft main window. LightSoft performs functions that could previously
only be carried out via an independent EMS user interface. This creates a
seamless and transparent experience for the user and achieves the goal of a
truly comprehensive and multilayered management system.

Figure 3-5: Sample GCT to XDM-500 and BG-40 shelf views

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 4
4 Configuration
In This Chapter
Overview ....................................................................................................... 4-1
Creating and Configuring NEs ...................................................................... 4-2
Configuration Functions ................................................................................ 4-4
Automatic Discovery Functions .................................................................. 4-12
Configuring Gateway Protection ................................................................. 4-12
Unmanaged Elements .................................................................................. 4-13
Optical EMS Features.................................................................................. 4-14

Overview
LightSoft enables you to initialize and update the configuration of networks
and network equipment simply and efficiently. Its comprehensive configuration
function lets you create and define all NEs. Once created, these objects are
displayed on the screen as icons. After setup, you are kept informed of the
current actual configuration of all NEs in the network.
Configurable objects include:
Physical objects, such as NEs and cards
Transmission objects, such as Termination Points (TPs), Termination Units
(TUs), and Virtual Containers (VCs)
Timing-related objects, such as timing sources

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Creating and Configuring NEs

LightSoft enables you to perform operations that define and configure the
network topology, including:

Adding an NE − adds a new element to the LightSoft database and displays

a new icon in the physical layer of the LightSoft main window
Connecting two NEs
Deleting NEs
Inserting external equipment into the topology
In the LightSoft's multilayer management environment, new NEs are created at
the physical layer. Whenever a new NE is created, LightSoft automatically
creates a primary LE for the ports at each technology layer, such as
SDH/SONET and optical, based on the ME represented by the NE. For more
information regarding MEs and LEs, see Chapter 2, The LightSoft Concept.
Once an NE is created at the EMS level, the relevant EMS updates LightSoft so
that data about the new NE (such as ports) can be uploaded into the system
database. The EMSs in the system continue to keep LightSoft updated about
system configuration changes on a realtime basis via the alarm/event
notification process. As a result, the system is always up to date regarding the
configuration.

Automatic Insertion or Removal of an NE

into/from a Link
You can insert an ME or unmanaged element (UME) into an existing link. An
inserted UME can be useful for maintaining accurate network topology. If the
inserted object is an ME, the relevant XC changes are downloaded to the actual
NE via its EMS. The procedure automatically creates new links, properly
configures the trails on the new link, and deletes the old link. There is no need
to manually delete or edit trails.
Similarly, you can seamlessly disconnect an ME from a topology link, either in
preparation for its insertion in some other link or its removal from the network.
All trails traversing the element are automatically redefined as direct trails
linking the two adjacent nodes.
Server trails traversing an ME can be split directly from LightSoft via a GCT
operation, without needing to be acquired from the EMS system.

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Setting IP Routing for an NE

EMSs send datagrams (or data packets) to SDH/SONET NEs via the TCP/IP
protocol, which allows them to be routed over separate LANs. LightSoft
supports user-defined IP routing, which defines how these datagrams are routed
between the LANs.
The NE Routing Table defines the destination subnets that an NE
communicates with on the IP network, and allows system configurations where
an NE is used to route datagrams to other LAN segments (this type of NE is
called a Gateway NE).

Figure 4-1: Add New Route for XDM window

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Configuration LightSoft General Description

Configuration Functions
The management system enables you to perform a wide range of configuration
functions on all the NEs managed on your network, including the attributes of
the NE itself, its timing source, the cards installed (if any), and the internal
attributes of both SDH/SONET and optical cards. Most of these functions are
invoked using cut-through functionality, giving LightSoft both the breadth of
an NMS and the depth of multiple EMSs. You can choose to view either the
actual installed card configuration of a shelf, or the expected view (that is, the
types of cards that the system expects to find in each respective slot). You can
assign cards to empty slots and unassign cards, as well as reset a card that is not
functioning properly.
The Shelf View of each NE can be displayed in the LightSoft main window via
GCT. The Shelf View is a representation of the cards installed in the NE shelf,
together with information relevant to each card, for example, alarm status.
Figure 4-2 and Figure 4-3 depict typical XDM Shelf View and Slot
Assignment windows, respectively.

Figure 4-2: XDM Shelf View window as displayed in the EMS-XDM

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Figure 4-3: Typical XDM Slot Assignment window

Card Assignment and Configuration

Card assignment informs the equipment and the management system to expect
a certain card in a certain slot. Configuration of card internal parameters
informs the equipment what the card will do. Card assignment and
configuration can be performed manually and automatically.

Manual mode

Cards can be assigned manually prior to physical installation. Inserting the card
then causes the system to automatically recognize the card.
You can also fully or partially provision a card (for example, define cross
connects) prior to installation. When the card is installed, any configuration
settings are automatically downloaded.

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Automatic mode

When the card is inserted into a managed NE, the system can be set to
automatically perform the card assignment as a background task according to
user-defined tables.
The automatic assignment feature can be applied either globally (for the whole
network) or for selected NEs.

Card Reassignment
You can reassign a higher capacity card of the same type to a slot that already
has a card assignment. The process automatically transfers any cross connects
provisioned on the old card to the new. Reassigning a card in this way is
non-traffic-affecting – it can be performed even if the original card is carrying
live traffic.

Batch Card Assignment

It is also possible to perform XML assignments in batch form. For more
information, see XML Interfaces (on page 2-9).

Internal Attributes
LightSoft enables you to quickly and easily drill down from the shelf view of
any NE to the internal attributes of cards and the objects. The card internals
view displays transmission information for the card's internal objects.
All internal attribute windows have sections for viewing card objects and
further details regarding its internal transmission objects.
From the card level, you can drill down further to the object level, such as ports
contained on a card. The types of objects available depend on the type of card
selected. Where relevant, attributes of objects can be modified. For example,
for optical cards, the Automatic Laser Shutdown attribute can be configured.
Figure 4-4, Figure 4-5, and Figure 4-6 show different examples of internal
attribute windows.

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Figure 4-4: EMS–XDM SDH internal view window

Figure 4-5: BroadGate data internal view window

Figure 4-6: XDM optical card internals window

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NE Attributes
LightSoft enables you to manage the attributes of any NE displayed in the main
window, including:
NE type, name, and ID
System location
IP address
Gateway mode and address
Subnet mask address
Operational state
Data Communications Channel (DCC) subnet address
Holdoff time
Wait to Switch interval

Figure 4-7: XDM NE attributes window

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NE Timing and Synchronization

All NEs in the network must be synchronized in order to pass error-free digital
signals among them. Synchronization is achieved by frequency-locking the
multiplexer timing generator to a signal from a primary reference timing
source. The remaining NEs are then synchronized by the incoming line signal.
In XDM NEs, each NE has two TMUs (Timing Units), where one is configured
as the active unit and the other as standby. In SYNCOM NEs, each NE can
contain up to two Timing Generator (TG) sources in a dual-ring configuration
with a "hot" backup mechanism between the two. In μSDM™-1 NEs, each NE
contains a single TG source.

Figure 4-8: XDM Timing Configuration window

In the Timing Configuration window for each NE (see Figure 4-8), you can
choose from a variety of timing sources for your network NEs. Timing
configuration capabilities include:
Timing source selection:
Internal – timing is generated internally by the on-board clock unit
(CLU) in the appropriate card.
External – external timing source (for example, an atomic clock).

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Line Timing (I/O Line Source) – timing source on an incoming

aggregate line.
Tributary Line Source – two to four tributary lines can be defined as
clock sources, depending on the NE type.
Other – NE’s timing source derived from the NE’s other timing
generator.
Timing source quality setting (preferred source for the TGs, east and west):
for SDH

PRC – Primary Reference Clock (10-11), such as an atomic clock

source.
SSUT – Synchronization Source Unit – Transit (5 x 10-9).
SSUL – Synchronization Source Unit – Local (10-7).
SEC – SDH Equipment Clock (4.6 x 10-6). NE Internal clock is defined
as SEC quality.
SSM – Synchronization Status Message (relevant to the Configure view
only).
DNU (Do Not Use) – cannot be selected for a timing source.
Invalid – Cannot be selected for a timing source.
for SONET

PRS – Stratus Traceable

STU – Synchronized, Traceability Unknown
ST2 – Stratum 2 Traceable
TNC – Transit Node Clock Traceable
ST3E – Stratum 3E Traceable
ST3 – Stratum 3 Traceable
SMC – SONET Minimum Clock Traceable
DUS – Don’t Use for Synchronization
T4 signal source parameter settings: NEs have the ability to provide a clock
signal to external equipment (T4 signal). Operators can define the source
for the timing signal that is passed to the T4 output port.

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Viewing NE timing sources

The timing sources for each NE are configured via the respective EMS. The
Timing Map window enables you to monitor the network's timing topology
using a convenient color-coding scheme.

Figure 4-9: Timing Map window

Forcing a specific timing source

You can use LightSoft to manually select (force) a specific timing source, even
if the system has automatically made a different selection based on the quality
of the sources and the priorities assigned by the user. This action is performed
from the EMS or via GCT from LightSoft.

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Automatic Discovery Functions

LightSoft provides a range of automatic object and link discovery functions.

Automatic card assignment

Cards can be assigned automatically as well as manually. For more

information, see Card Assignment (on page 4-5).

Automatic NE recognition

Automatic NE recognition enables an NE to appear automatically on the

LightSoft screen immediately as it is connected, eliminating the need to create
it manually.

Automatic topology link discovery

The automatic topology discovery feature is based on applicable ITU-T

recommendations. When activated, bidirectional links between input/output
cards are automatically identified by the EMS and uploaded to the NMS layer
via the MTNM interface. LightSoft automatically displays such links,
eliminating the need to manually define topology links at the NMS level.

Configuring Gateway Protection

In a typical configuration, the EMSs are connected to a gateway NE (GNE)
providing routing to the DCC subnet. Communication between LightSoft and
the GNE is via the DCC.
It may be useful to configure a redundant GNE that will act as a secondary
channel to the managed network in case of primary GNE or communication
failure. When a secondary GNE is configured, the protection mechanism can
work in one of two ways, depending on the setup chosen:
The EMS pings the primary GNE periodically to verify that it is
functioning properly. If no response is received, the EMS switches to the
alternate route via the secondary GNE.
The EMS pings a predetermined NE checkpoint to verify that management
information is being received at that point. If the ping request fails to arrive
at the checkpoint, the EMS switches to the alternate route via the secondary
GNE.

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LightSoft General Description Configuration

Unmanaged Elements
You can create UMEs representing external equipment which is part of the
network but not managed by an EMS.
UMEs may represent:
Client equipment that acts as a connection to the LightSoft managed
network.
An element or subnetwork that is not integrated with LightSoft and is
therefore not known to it.
Passive network equipment, usually part of optical networks like
multiplexers or splitters. To see the true topology of the network, you need
to represent them with UMEs.
Trails may pass through UMEs. This is particularly useful for:
A multivendor SDH/SONET network with non-ECI NEs interleaved in the
topology. These may be represented with UMEs.
A network with optical sections from which optical trails are acquired. If
LightSoft is not aware of an ME that acts as an endpoint to an optical trail,
the trail is only partially created. In this case, a UME can be created to
represent the endpoint.
Create a UME by selecting and configuring a template to match your
requirements. LightSoft provides templates for UME attributes like name, icon,
ports of different rates, and traffic flow pattern (connection between two ports).

Each template includes a description of the element network connections for

that specific template type.

Table 4-1: UME Image window

You can create a UME in any topology layer. You can create multiple UMEs
with the same configuration at the same time, and modify the duplicate
configurations later as required.

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Configuration LightSoft General Description

Optical EMS Features

The EMS-XDM features:
The Functional Node (FuN) utility to set up and manage XDM optical sites.
The Enhanced Automatic Power Control (Enhanced APC), also known as
Power Equalization of Optical Links (PELES) to perform automatic
calibration and adaptation of all controllable components within an optical
chain.

Functional Node (FuN) Utility

The FuN utility assists the set up and management of XDM optical sites.
An optical site (also called an Optical Network Element or ONE) is a loose
collection of cards residing on one or more XDM shelves in one location. The
site’s cards collectively perform a specific optical network function and form a
single functional unit.
A wide range of components can be used to implement an optical site and it can
be difficult to clearly see the relationships between the shelves, cards, and
modules via the Shelf View of the NEs. Site setup and management can be
complex and cumbersome.
The FuN utility enables you to view and set up optical sites (and connections
between cards/sites of the same network) from a functionality standpoint. It
presents a logical view of the entire site, as opposed to the Shelf View's
equipment-centric perspective.
The structure of the site implied by the FuN varies according to its function, for
example:
Optical Terminals
OADM Nodes
ILA (inline amplifiers)

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LightSoft General Description Configuration

Enhanced Automatic Power Control (APC)

Enhanced APC (PELES) performs the following important functions for
DWDM networks:
Increases optical network resilience by keeping per channel power constant
for both expected and unexpected variations in the number of channels
Compensates for optical network degradation (aging effects)
Simplifies installation and upgrade of DWDM optical networks by
automatically calculating amplifiers input powers
APC is localized in each card or power control element. The control is based on
detection of difference between the composite optical power at the input of the
card and the expected (calculated) input power.
EMS-XDM also features power equalization of optical links (PELES).
At the domain level, PELES enables you to observe an optical chain of links
from beginning to end and to analyze the actual cause of optical power
variations at the input of the power control elements in the chain.
At the element level, PELES remotely and automatically measures the
composite/per-channel power levels and monitors the difference between actual
power values (read by photodiodes) and expected (calculated) power values.
Upon a Power Control alarm, the EMS is triggered to analyze the situation. If it
decides to correct the alarm, it notifies the element to turn the tracking on.
PELES performs the following main functions:
Span loss change detection and measurement of link attenuation: The real
change in span loss along a single link is detected by comparing changes of
composite power at the input of a power control element against changes at
the output of the previous element.
Active wavelength change measurement: The PELES calculates the actual
number of channels that are present at the input of each mux/OADM and
updates each power control element when changes in the number of active
channels occur.
Calculates and defines the correct gain values needed at each amplifier
taking into account the power goals and optical noise accumulated along
the chain.
Automatic configuration of Power Control Objects (PCOs) in the cards.
Automation and OPEX reduction: PELES not only activates the power
control according to the actual situation, it also advises the user about new
values of the configurable parameters. If corrections are needed in different
power control elements, they are always performed sequentially following
the optical paths starting from the Start of Chain.

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Configuration LightSoft General Description

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 5
5 Trail Management
In This Chapter
Overview ....................................................................................................... 5-1
2

Trail Provisioning and Management ............................................................. 5-2

Ethernet Services ........................................................................................... 5-6
Supported Trail Types ................................................................................... 5-7
Trail Filters .................................................................................................... 5-9
Trail Acquisition and Synchronization........................................................ 5-10
Importing Traffic Configuration Files ......................................................... 5-10
Protection..................................................................................................... 5-11

Overview
Creating and editing trails is one of LightSoft's most important functions,
enabling optimal utilization of available resources. Trails can be built either
automatically based on user-defined trail endpoints and segments, or manually
according to varying degrees of manual input, with full resource control down
to the tributary unit level.
LightSoft's advanced trail management functions allow you to create, delete,
and modify both SDH/SONET and optical trails. It automatically searches for
and selects optimal end-to-end primary and protection trails across complex
topologies via its advanced patent-pending Pathfinder algorithm.
The EMSs in the network constantly update LightSoft, keeping its network
resource usage model up to date. LightSoft also has a powerful trail
synchronization function, and provides numerous protection and traffic
reconfiguration schemes in case of service disruption.

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Trail Management LightSoft General Description

Trail Provisioning and

Management
LightSoft provisions between subnetworks regardless of type. In addition, it
supports easy-to-use trail provisioning functions based on menu-driven lists of
criteria.

Pathfinder
LightSoft fully supports automatic end-to-end provisioning of SDH/SONET
and Ethernet over SDH/SONET (EoS) trails, including sophisticated schemes
like concatenation, diverse routing, DRI, and DNI. In addition, automatic
provisioning of optical trails is performed by a user-initiated acquisition based
on the installed equipment configuration.
The pathfinder algorithm supports user configuration of multiple optimization
parameters, including:
Lowest cost
Minimum distance
Minimum number of nodes
Network utilization (for purposes of load balancing)
Protection specifications (current layer, underlying layer or both)
The pathfinder algorithm also takes into account information about shared
resources of links (Shared Risk Link Group or SRLG).
The system provides feedback if it is unable to create a trail that meets
user-defined criteria.
Extensive MS-SPRing/BLSR protection features are provided, including:
Extra traffic – ability to assign traffic to specified preemptable resources
within an MS-SPRing/BLSR
Non-preemptable Unprotected Traffic (NUT) – ability to assign traffic to
resources configured as NUT within an MS-SPRing/BLSR as unprotected
LO MS-SPRing – use of VC-12/VC-3 granularity within MS-SPRing
Extensive EoS trail support is provided, including:
VC-4/VC-3/VC-12, STS-3c/STS-1 path traffic flow.
Diverse routes for LCAS functionality. An EoS trail can be defined with
several diverse routes through different non-shared fibers, for example,
capacity split between three routes.
Increase or decrease trail bandwidth as required.

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LightSoft General Description Trail Management

Trail Information
The Trail List window supports sophisticated sorting and filtering options. Its
Trails pane includes an Alarms column which lets you easily identify alarmed
trails. Selecting a trail in the Trails pane automatically displays that trail in the
map view and additional information about it in other window panes. You can
also view current trail performance, diagnose problems involving connections
and ports, or switch protection paths directly from LightSoft windows without
opening EMS windows.

Figure 5-1: Trail List window

Figure 5-2: Trails pane showing Alarm State indication column (far right)

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Trail Management LightSoft General Description

The system provides easy access to trail attributes and enables you to modify
some of them.

Figure 5-3: Trail Properties - Basic tab Figure 5-4: Advanced tab

Figure 5-5: Protection tab Figure 5-6: Statistics tab

Trail attributes include a trail’s calculated cost, length, number of NEs

traversed, number of DRI bridges, and more.

Trail Identification
The Show Trails option opens the Trails window filtered with the trails
passing through the selected topology link. If an SDH/SONET link is selected,
you can select either HO (high order) or LO (low order) trails (where relevant).
If an optical link is selected, you can select OMS, OCH, or LP trails. When this
option is selected from the multilink shortcut menu, LightSoft displays trail
information for all links associated with the multilink.

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LightSoft General Description Trail Management

You can display the trails associated with any combination of NEs and links.
LightSoft enables you to view a subset of the Trails list according to any
combination of trail attributes and objects. For more information, see Trail
Filters (on page 5-9).

Trail Resources
Trail resources are shown in tree form with main and protection path branches.
For concatenated trails with diverse routing, each route has its own branch.

Figure 5-7: Trails Paths pane showing diverse routing

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Trail Management LightSoft General Description

Ethernet Services
The ETH Service List window, which is similar to the Trail List window for
SDH/SONET and optical trails, enables you to conveniently manage Ethernet
services. The list, based on services defined at the EMS level, aggregates all
NE-level services into an end-to-end configuration, and includes advanced
sorting and filtering capabilities. The list allows you to easily manage Ethernet
services in the network, view RSTP maps, display and print the services on the
map, add comments, and modify parameters that were preset at the EMS level
(such as CIR and CBS). LightSoft conforms to Metro Ethernet Forum (MEF)
"Carrier Ethernet" specifications.

Figure 5-8: ETH Service List window

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LightSoft General Description Trail Management

Supported Trail Types

LightSoft supports SDH/SONET, Optical, and Ethernet trail technologies.

SDH/SONET Trails
The XDM is equipped with a high-capacity nonblocking matrix that supports
HO and LO connectivity, eliminating bottlenecks and reducing the number of
NEs required. This matrix simplifies the network, eases operation, increases
reliability and reduces OPEX. Consequently, it enables you to build an
extremely flexible and transparent optical network.
For XDM NEs, LightSoft supports both virtual and contiguous concatenation
for the transport and cross connection of VC-4/STS-1 signals. This is used for
high-bitrate Ethernet services that require transport of payloads that exceed a
single VC-4/STS-1 capacity. Concatenation associates multiple VCs/STSs
together, resulting in a combined capacity that can be used as a single container
across which bit sequence integrity is maintained.
The following bitrates are supported:
E1
E3 (34 Mbps)
DS-3 (45 Mbps)
STS-1 (52 Mbps)
STM-1/OC-3 electrical interface (155 Mbps); STM-1/OC-3 optical
interface (155 Mbps)
STM-4/OC-12 (622 Mbps); STM-4c/OC-12c
STM-16/OC-48 (2.5 Gbps); STM-16c/OC-48c
STM-64/OC-192 (10 Gbps); STM-64c/OC-192c
EoS-VC-4-X, EoS-VC-3-X, EoS-VC-12-X, EoS-STS-3c, EoS-STS-1

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Trail Management LightSoft General Description

Optical Trails
LightSoft enables you to upload, label, and display existing optical trails from
the optical layer. This form of "bottom-up" provisioning is suited to optical
equipment and ensures that LightSoft has all the required trail information
provisioned at the fiber level. LightSoft supports full provisioning capabilities
in next-generation optical equipment that features tunable lasers.
LightSoft takes advantage of XDM platform sublambda grooming abilities
(that is, the efficient utilization of DWDM wavelengths). This "top-down"
optical trail provisioning creates cross connects between optical endpoints at
the SDH/SONET level, enabling service providers to build customized
networks and customer-controlled Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) with
defined access and bandwidth capabilities.

Ethernet Services
LightSoft enables XDM NEs to provide various types of Ethernet, Fast
Ethernet, and Gigabit Ethernet services via its EIS (Ethernet Interface Switch)
and DIO (Data I/O) cards.
Ethernet services are provided in one of the following three configurations:
Switched Ethernet services over shared capacity – customer’s Ethernet
traffic is transported over SDH/SONET containers that are shared among
many customers. These are point-to-point and multipoint-to-multipoint
services provided with various QoS levels (E-Line, E-LAN).
Dedicated Ethernet services over SDH/SONET – Ethernet is mapped to
virtual concatenation of SDH/SONET containers, creating a transparent
point-to-point service. Bandwidth allocation can be full or partial with no
traffic-affecting changes.
Ethernet aggregation over DWDM – several Ethernet ports are aggregated
to one STM-16/OC-48 wavelength creating a transparent service.
Bandwidth allocation can be full or partial, with no traffic-affecting
changes.

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LightSoft General Description Trail Management

Trail Filters
LightSoft enables you to create detailed filters for viewing a subset of the trails
listed in the Trails window according to any combination of trail attributes and
objects, activated from either predefined or created filters.

Figure 5-9: Create Filter window

Filters can be set by default, edited, and modified. When filtering trails by NE,
those traversing through the NE or with endpoints on the NE or both, can be
filtered in. Client or server trails associated with specified trails also can be
filtered in.
LightSoft supplies a set of predefined filters, for example, for showing only
trails of a specific technology, or an empty filter which, when set as default,
makes opening the trail list much quicker.

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Trail Management LightSoft General Description

Trail Acquisition and

Synchronization
Trails are either defined by LightSoft or uploaded from the EMSs via trail
acquisition. Trail-related data is stored in the system’s database, and
corresponding information is sent and stored in the EMSs and NEs.
Discrepancies may occur if, for example, provisioning is performed via a craft
terminal.
It is very important that information in LightSoft’s database and the actual
trails in the network be correctly synchronized. If a discrepancy exists, the user
can activate the trail synchronization process to correct the inconsistencies.

Figure 5-10: Trail Consistency Indicator window

Importing Traffic Configuration

Files
Importing traffic configuration files is required when predefined network traffic
must be imposed upon the network, or when it is necessary to mass-configure
trails in batch mode. This can happen when using an external planning tool to
define traffic on the network. In other cases, existing traffic cannot be restored
using technology-specific protection facilities after a network failure, nor can it
automatically be redirected to different trail endpoints. If this occurs, the import
of traffic configuration files activates a contingency plan.

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LightSoft General Description Trail Management

This functionality is especially useful when failure occurs in equipment

connected to a tributary, or in a link connected to an SDH/SONET NE (for
example, a submerged cable).
File import can be used by LightSoft to edit, add, or delete existing trails of any
type. In addition, you can export trails in XML format and edit them offline in
any text editor. These edited trails can then be imported back into the system.

Protection
LightSoft provides a wide range of protection schemes for all trail types to
ensure transmission resiliency in case of failure of a network resource.

Protection and Backup Schemes

LightSoft provides various enhanced hardware and path protection methods
that can support complex topologies.

Subnetwork Connection Protection (SNCP) and Dual

Route Path Protection (Route Diversity)

SNCP is a topology-independent protection scheme that provides independent

path protection. It provides the means to protect traffic in case of failure by
switching at the service termination point or when the traffic leaves a ring or
virtual ring. LightSoft supports SNCP types SNCP/I and SNCP/N in
compliance with the applicable ITU-T recommendations.
LightSoft supports highly efficient advanced algorithms for provisioning
ring-over-mesh topologies. The Route Diversity protection paradigm is a self-
healing path-protection scheme, and is supported by all XDM, SYNCOM, and
BG cards.

Linear Multiplex Section Protection and Automatic

Protection Switch (MSP/APS)

MS line protection is designed to protect single MS links. MS line protection is

available in all XDM SIO line cards (STM-1/OC-3, STM-4/OC-12,
STM-16/OC-48 and STM-64/OC-192). Both MSP 1+1 and APS 1+1 modes
are supported. In MSP/APS mode, protection is provided for both fiber and
hardware faults.

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Trail Management LightSoft General Description

Multiplex Section Shared Protection Ring/Bidirectional

Line Switched Ring (MS-SPRing/BLSR)

MS-SPRing/BLSR divides the STM-n/OC-n signal into working and protection

capacity per multiplex section. In case of a failure in one multiplex section of
the ring, protection is performed by looping back the affected traffic at both
ends of the faulty section using the available protection capacity.
MS-SPRing/BLSR is intended for ring applications that demonstrate uniform
or adjacent traffic patterns, and may offer significant capacity advantage
compared to other protection schemes.

Optical Multiplex Section Protection (OMSP)

OMSP performs line and I/O protection at the optical level based on a
four-fiber connection. In the case of a fiber cut, an optical switch in the fiber
automatically switches the system to protected mode. This protection scheme
eliminates the need for additional Loss of Signal (LOS)-detection mechanisms
and other electrical control components.

Optical Channel / Optical Data Unit (OCH/ODU)

protection

This scheme protects optical trails with both path and hardware protection.
OCH/ODU protection uses a pair of transponder cards with built-in OCH units
to transport each optical channel in two directions. Under normal conditions,
traffic traverses the ring or mesh and is received by the main transponder. In
the event of a failure, traffic is received by the protection transponder. The
main benefit of OCH/ODU protection is its ability to choose separate working
paths for each channel. Each fiber carries traffic with both working and
protection signals in a single direction.

Hardware protection

LightSoft supports 1+1 protection of all common circuits, traffic card, control
and synchronization units, and power supply in SYNCOM and XDM shelves.
In addition, the system provides 1:n (n = 1-10) protection to all PDH/Async
and SDH/SONET electrical interfaces, and hardware protection to all
SDH/SONET optical interfaces via MSP 1+1 or 1:n in XDM shelves.

Path-type Display Modes

You can immediately determine which path/circuit type of a protected trail you
are looking at because the appearance of each path is related to its type. The
trail display in the Trail List (trail management) window features three
graphical display modes: main Path, Protection Path, and Both (main and
Protection Paths).

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 6
6 Alarm and Fault Management
In This Chapter
Overview ....................................................................................................... 6-1
3

Alarm Types .................................................................................................. 6-2

Alarm Indicators ............................................................................................ 6-2
Alarm Severity Levels ................................................................................... 6-3
Current Alarms Window ............................................................................... 6-4
Alarm and Event Logs................................................................................... 6-6
Alarm and Event Filters................................................................................. 6-7
Alarm Export Interfaces .............................................................................. 6-10

Overview
Fault management is a crucial part of LightSoft, allowing administrators to
monitor network and element alarms in real time. LightSoft's powerful ability
to detect, display, and analyze alarms and control system faults, allows
uninterrupted system functioning.
LightSoft's fault management system is fully integrated, and includes alarms
for each NE regardless of which layer (physical, SDH/SONET, or optical) you
are looking at.
LightSoft's comprehensive alarm system includes:
Detection of all types of alarms
Numerous indicator types and alerts
User notes
Savable filters
User-definable alarm severity levels
Easy-to-use graphic interface

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Alarm and Fault Management LightSoft General Description

Complete logging of all alarms and events

Ability to filter and sift through a large number of alarms
Customizable counters and audio indicators

Alarm Types
LightSoft provides information about many different alarm types, such as:
Hardware alarms – system-related problems that have been detected on
equipment cards, for example, if a card fails.
Transmission alarms – transmission stream problems, for example, an
Alarm Indication Signal (AIS) or Remote Defect Indication (RDI) alarm.
These alarms are explicitly defined in the relevant standards.
Quality of Service (QoS) alarms – one or more of the alarm counters which
evaluate transmission quality have exceeded their preset thresholds. This
may be caused by, for example, a Near End or Far End Code Violation
(CVNE or CVFE).
Timing alarms – problem with one or more timing sources used by a
particular timing generator, for example, a Timing Input Failure.
Threshold Crossing Alarms (TCA) – predefined performance threshold has
been crossed.
Service alarms – problem with the service, for example, if it has been
degraded or lost completely at an endpoint.

Alarm Indicators
Using user-configurable and customizable visual and audible indicators,
LightSoft keeps you fully up to date regarding the source and severity of a
fault.
Visual indicators include:
Color of the NE/LE icon
Color of the link
Color of the NE/LE in the Navigator
Color of the NE/LE in the Topology tree
Alarm counters for each severity in the LightSoft main window

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LightSoft General Description Alarm and Fault Management

The color of the group throughout the user interface is based on the aggregated
status of all NEs and groups contained in the group.
LightSoft also provides two types of audible alarms:
The Audio Alarm emits a beep or other customized sound whenever a new
alarm or event enters the alarms log. It is also possible to distinguish
between alarm types or severities by assigning a specific customized sound
for each, using the filter mechanism.
The Reminder function sounds at a preset time interval whenever there are
any unacknowledged alarms present in the system.
Alarm indicators and counters are multilayered, meaning that the appropriate
alarm is shown/heard for each level (physical, SDH/SONET, and optical). This
enables you to view/hear only those alarms that are currently relevant and that
need to be dealt with to ensure maximum system performance.

Alarm Severity Levels

LightSoft offers great flexibility in alarm and fault management, enabling you
to set a fault's severity level via the alarm severity window shown in Figure
6-1. For example, you can decide that a card failure will be ranked as minor,
major or simply as a warning. The severity level you set affects all alarm
indicators.

Figure 6-1: BroadGate alarm severity window

Users can assign severity levels to, and/or completely mask or inhibit
individual alarm parameters in, specific NEs.

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Alarm and Fault Management LightSoft General Description

LightSoft also allows you to define the alarm severity of each potential fault
condition in an NE. Depending on the NE type, you can either set all the alarm
severity definitions for an object and then propagate those definitions to other
objects in the same NE, or you can define alarm severity profiles for an NE and
propagate those profiles to other NEs.

Current Alarms Window

The Current Alarms window, shown in Figure 6-2, lists all the alarms
currently in the network by object, as well as probable cause and timestamp.
The list integrates alarms from all the NEs managed by LightSoft.

Figure 6-2: Current Alarms window

Selecting objects or links on the LightSoft main window map prior to opening
the Current Alarms window shows alarm notifications pertaining to those
objects/links. Similarly, preselecting trails in the Trail List window opens the
Current Alarms window with alarm notifications pertaining to only those
trails.
The details of each alarm triggered by an object in the network are displayed in
a separate row of the network Current Alarms window, including time and
date when the alarm occurred. The numerous columns in the window are fully
user-customizable and can easily be sorted with a single click to enable alarms
to be viewed according to your needs.

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When an alarm appears in the Current Alarms window, the user can
acknowledge it. After the problem has been resolved, the alarm is cleared from
the window. The user also has the option of getting a more detailed look at the
alarm's source by directly opening the appropriate view (depending on the type
of object affected by the alarm), or opening an Information window that
provides further details about the alarm.

Alarm Correlation
In some NEs, a specific alarm can cause a chain of correlated alarms to be
reported. For example, a Loss of Data (LOD) alarm on an Optical Physical
Section (OPS) object can cause alarms on related GEoS ports.
The alarm correlation feature saves OPEX by decreasing clutter in fault
management windows. It enables an operator to quickly identify the root cause
of a problem without having to check the scores and even hundreds of alarms
precipitated by an initial alarm.
The feature considers all the system’s alarms and assigns those with common
root causes to single “parent" alarms. You can then focus on the primary
problem by displaying only parent alarms in the Current Alarms window,
suppressing the display of the correlated alarms.
The alarm correlation feature supports the most common scenarios which are
likely to cause an alarm avalanche, such as fiber cuts and card malfunctions.

User Notes
User notes are comments that are attached to alarm or event notifications, for
example, to inform other users about an alarm condition. More than one user
note can be attached to a single notification, and a single user note can be
attached to more than one notification.

Figure 6-3: Event Log window with user note

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Alarm and Fault Management LightSoft General Description

Alarm and Event Logs

The alarm and event logs display thousands of recent network alarms and
events.

Figure 6-4: Event Log History window

LightSoft periodically exports the contents of Event logs in ASCII format to

disk so that they do not become too large. This enables you to keep a backup
record of all network events. These files can be browsed at a later date or
exported.
The retention of historical log records can be configured according to your
requirements. You can:
Set the maximum number and age of event records available for
viewing in the Event Log window (kept in the active Event Log
database).
Periodically remove excess/older records from the active database,
export them to XML files (at user-specified intervals), and save them.
Additional exports of excess records can be triggered manually.
Optionally delete older history files from a specified path, either
according to a schedule and/or manually. Deleted files are no longer
accessible from the Event Log History window.

Figure 6-5: Event Log Configuration window

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LightSoft General Description Alarm and Fault Management

Alarm and Event Filters

A strong filter mechanism is of crucial importance for large networks that may
encompass many different transmission layers. LightSoft provides a number of
tools that allow you to quickly and easily sift through a large number of alarms
in both the Current Alarms and Alarms Log windows. In addition, alarms
with specified characteristics can be counted or notified by sounds or popup
windows.
Available filter criteria include:
Time: The user can display only those alarms that occurred between
particular dates, or that occurred during a previous predefined number of
hours or days.
Severity: The user can display only those alarms that meet a specific level
of severity, for example, only critical and major-level alarms are shown.
Event: The user can choose to display only those alarms related to certain
types of events, such as a threshold being exceeded, or an object being
deleted.

Figure 6-6: Alarm Filter window

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Alarm and Fault Management LightSoft General Description

The LightSoft filter mechanism allows users, for example, to not display
acknowledged alarms in order to reduce clutter. Filters can have a name and
description, as well as be saved for use at a later stage by individual users.
LightSoft supplies a set of predefined filters, for example, to show all alarm
notifications, only those that are critical or major, only equipment alarm
notifications, only notifications not yet acknowledged, or only notifications
involving specific technologies.
Filters can also be created by LightSoft users from scratch or using a
predefined or existing filter as a starting point.
The filters you create can be private or shared with other users as follows:
Public, accessible to all users
User Group, accessible only to members of the same user group
Private, accessible only to the user who created it, and not shared
Filters can be accessed from any workstation. Access privileges depend on
security settings.

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LightSoft General Description Alarm and Fault Management

Alarm Notification Customization

In addition to filtered lists, the automatic behavior on receipt of an alarm can be
customized for troubleshooting purposes. For example, a network operator may
need to track specific equipment or service alarms that must be dealt with
differently from other alarm types. A counter on the LightSoft main window is
easily seen when an alarm of this type comes up.
Filtered alarms and events can be counted or notified by sounds or popup
windows:
Alarm counters: Apart from the default counters on the main window,
customized counters can be added to reflect alarms of specific interest. For
more information, see Alarm Counters (on page 3-3).
Alarm audio notifications: Each time an alarm of a specific type occurs, a
sound file is played. Each alarm filter definition can be associated with a
different WAV sound file.
Alarm visual notifications: Each alarm of a specific type is notified on
screen by a popup window. This feature is useful for operators interested in
tracking occurrences of certain (or all) alarms while they are away from the
console, without the need to track alarm counters.

Figure 6-7: Alarm Indicator window

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Alarm and Fault Management LightSoft General Description

Alarm Export Interfaces

In an era of cutbacks, service providers would like to integrate as much
equipment as possible, as transparently as possible, into their existing OSS
structure. LightSoft’s open interfaces enable the export and/or correlation of
alarms with external systems seamlessly, as proven by several implementations
with leading OSS suppliers.

Real-time alarm export to OSS using CORBA-MTNM

ECI Telecom's suite of management products use the northbound CORBA

interface as a sophisticated real-time alarm notification service. It may be used
to send alarms to either an upper-level management system or to an external
alarm collection system.

Alarm export via FTP

You can export alarms via FTP to any external system or application. This
feature was designed to solve the requirement to frequently report the current
status of the network to central alarm centers that collect alarms from a variety
of sources.

Alarm notifications by SMS and email

LightSoft can be set to send email or text messages to operators' email accounts
and cell phones. This is an important functionality for service providers not
having a network operations center (NOC) that is manned 24 hours a day. The
system can be programmed to send either a message per alarm, or a statistical
summary of total number of alarms received (according to a number-of-alarms
threshold). A log of the messages sent will be available for consultation.

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 7
7 Performance Management
In This Chapter
Overview .......................................................................................................7-1
3

Performance Monitoring................................................................................7-2
Optical PM Parameters ..................................................................................7-7
Ethernet PM Parameters ................................................................................7-7
Performance Logs..........................................................................................7-8
Tandem Connection Monitoring (TCM)....................................................................7-8

Overview
LightSoft stores and analyzes a wealth of easily accessible performance data,
enabling you to troubleshoot NEs and optimize quality of service (QoS)
quickly and efficiently. Administrators can access current performance data for
transmission objects of each NE and trail, recorded over 15-minute or 24-hour
intervals. This information is detailed per endpoint, and sorted by logging time.
LightSoft provides default performance parameters and threshold levels in
compliance with accepted ITU-T standards. These parameters and thresholds
can be custom configured on-screen to suit individual applications.
LightSoft enables you to:
Retrieve and display current performance data for each object in either
15-minute or 24-hour intervals
Retrieve and display historical performance data for each object in either
15-minute or 24-hour intervals
Manually reset performance monitoring (PM) counters for each object
Collect performance data for user-specified endpoints
Graphically display PM data
Display and change PM thresholds for each object

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Performance Monitoring
LightSoft enables you to analyze performance data for networks and trails.
Data is measured by counters that monitor various parameters that relate to the
endpoint's QoS, some of which may be modified by the user.
You can conveniently perform this operation in LightSoft by selected trails,
without opening EMS windows and drilling down to internal objects. There is
no need to identify trail termination points through NE-centric EMS windows.
Requested commands are automatically relayed to the appropriate EMSs.
The feature has the additional advantage of enabling VPN users to perform
maintenance on their assigned trails without having to open EMS windows.

Trail-oriented PM History Reports

Aggregated PM history reports are available in CSV format with a row for each
time stamp of each object, and columns showing the object’s identifier, time
stamp, and associated service.
A range of parameters are user-configurable, including the objects (one or
more) whose PM history data is to be collected, the counters, the frequency of
the collected data (every 15 min. or 24 hrs), and the date ranges to be
aggregated.
Unavailable (missing) or inapplicable (for example, a counter not being
relevant to a specific object) data are indicated in the reports where applicable.
Report compilation does not fail due to missing data. The report browser
supports both tabular and graphical formats.

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Current Performance Monitoring

Figure 7-1 shows the Trail Performance Monitoring window, which displays
performance counters for selected trails for 15-minute or 24-hour intervals. PM
counters for endpoints, intermediate termination points (TPs), and incoming
PM of endpoints are supported. Incoming counters reflect the quality of the
signal entering the network.

Figure 7-1: Trail Performance Monitoring window

LightSoft PM data is the same as data collected and reported by the EMS, but
more useful for network management purposes as it is organized by trail TPs
rather than by NE TPs.
To further assist in troubleshooting, you can reset counters and enable or
disable PM for TPs.
The Trail Performance Monitoring window lists trail termination points and
associated PM data for selected trails.
The window provides a record for each TP associated with the selected trails,
and shows trail time and counter information. Each TP has its own counters.
TP records can be filtered according to a variety of criteria.
The PM feature enables GCT to a selected TP within the EMS card view to
allow easy access to corresponding EMS windows.

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Performance Management LightSoft General Description

Figure 7-2 displays the EMS-XDM window from which current performance
data for a transmission object can be viewed in 15-minute or 24-hour intervals.

Figure 7-2: EMS-XDM Current Performance window

The contents of this window depend on the type of object you select.
Performance data is collected separately for each endpoint.

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LightSoft General Description Performance Management

Historical Performance Monitoring

Figure 7-3 shows the EMS-XDM Performance History window, in which
historical performance data for a transmission object can be viewed in
15-minute or 24-hour intervals.

Figure 7-3: XDM Performance History window

This window displays information collected by the PM counters for each

object. Each counter is displayed in a separate column.

Printing and Displaying EMS Performance

History Charts
Historical performance data can be printed either as is from the Performance
History window, or in chart form from the Performance Chart window. For
each of the counters, the performance chart displays how the PM data changes
over time. Values below the predetermined thresholds are displayed in blue;
values above, in red.

Setting PM Thresholds
In LightSoft, an object's PM thresholds are predetermined by the performance
profile to which it is assigned. The profile contains a threshold setting for each
of the PM counters that are relevant to the type of object.
With XDM objects, up to eight different profiles can be defined for each object
type within the NE. An alarm is activated whenever a value crosses a high
threshold, and is deactivated when the value drops below a low threshold.
PM thresholds for SYNCOM objects can be set individually for each counter.

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Performance Management LightSoft General Description

Element Performance Parameters

PDH/SDH/Async/SONET PM Parameters
PDH/SDH/Async/SONET PM parameters, reported in the Thresholds Profile
window, include:
BBEFE: background block error far-end
B_UAS: bidirectional unavailable seconds
CVFE: number of code violations far-end accumulated
CVNE: number of code violations near-end accumulated
ESFE: number of errored seconds far-end accumulated
OFS: number of out-of-frame seconds accumulated (the system enters this
state when several consecutive SDH frames are received with errored
framing patterns)

Figure 7-4: EMS-XDM Thresholds Profile window

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Optical PM Parameters
The Optical PM Current/History window, shown in Figure 7-5, displays
various optical parameters for the optical objects in the network, such as:
Expected wavelength
Actual wavelength
Actual power (transmitted and received)
Actual OSNR (Optical Signal Noise Ratio)
Unexpected carrier
Missing carrier
OSNR low
Laser bias

Figure 7-5: XDM Optical PM Current/History Report window

Ethernet PM Parameters
Ethernet PM parameters for Ethernet LAN and WAN objects include:
Rx Octets: total number of octets of data (including those in bad frames)
received on the network (excluding framing bits, including FCS octets)
Rx Pkts: total number of frames received, including bad frames, Broadcast
frames, and Multicast frames
Tx Pkts: total number of packets successfully transmitted by the port
Tx Octets: total number of octets successfully transmitted by the port

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Rx Error Pkts: total number of bad frames received

Rx Error Octets: total number of bad frames received

Performance Logs
For SYNCOM NEs, 24-hour PM logs can be collected automatically. In XDM
NEs, flexible PM collection groups can be defined for SDH/SONET, Ethernet,
and optical objects.

Figure 7-6: EMS-XDM PM Setup window

Tandem Connection Monitoring (TCM)

Some elements support TCM. TCM enables you to obtain PM data for parts of
end-to-end trails. TCM monitors traffic at both the entry and exit points of the
tandem connection (TC) boundary, enabling detection of any degradation in
performance, such as errors or defects, within the TC boundary.

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 8
8 Maintenance
In This Chapter
Overview ....................................................................................................... 8-1
3

Maintenance Operations ................................................................................ 8-2

Protection Switching...................................................................................... 8-3
Reset Transmission Cards ............................................................................. 8-4
View Maintenance Operations ...................................................................... 8-4
View Optical Card Parameters ...................................................................... 8-4

Overview
As with PM, maintenance and protection switching actions on trails are
conveniently performed in LightSoft, without having to open EMS windows
and drill down to internal objects. In LightSoft, these operations are executed
by selected trails, removing the cumbersome process of identifying the
termination points of a trail through NE-centric EMS windows. Requested
commands are automatically relayed to the appropriate EMSs.
These features have the additional advantage of enabling VPN users to perform
maintenance on their assigned trails without having to open EMS windows.

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Maintenance Operations
Maintenance operations enable diagnosis of problems in the network. They can
be applied to specific ports and TPs, either directly, or via associated trails and
topology links.
For example, the LightSoft Maintenance Operations window enables you to
manage (view and apply) maintenance operations on trails and topology links.
It lists the TPs and associated maintenance information for selected trails or
links for which TP maintenance operations should be carried out.

Figure 8-1: Maintenance Operations window

The trail-centric maintenance operations include actions such as:

Operating and releasing Terminal (Near-End) loopbacks and Facility
(Far-End) loopbacks
Forcing Alarm Indication Signals (AISs) and Remote Defect Indications
(RDIs)
A full range of other routine network maintenance operations are available
through the management applications suite, such as:
Blocking/activating DCC
Viewing maintenance operations
Viewing optical parameters
Maintenance functions that affect traffic prompt on-screen warnings to alert
you when necessary.

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Protection Switching
By default, trails created with a protection path switch to it if certain alarm
conditions occur on the active path. You can also force a particular object or
tributary endpoint of a trail to switch to its protection path, for example, for
maintenance purposes.
The Path Protection Switch window enables you to view current traffic flows
and apply protection switch commands, thereby redirecting the traffic flows
across the main and protected routes.

Figure 8-2: Path Protection Switch window

The Path Protection Switch feature enables you to impose a different

main/protection flow according to network requirements. The functions are
those offered by the NE, with the advantage that they are presented from the
trail's perspective. LightSoft views and manages all path switches of a trail,
even those not at the trail endpoints.
LightSoft provides several options for protection switching:
Manual switch – protection switching from the active object to the backup
object is temporary. If conditions do not require automatic switching,
traffic is restored to the original object.
Forced switch – protection switching from the active object to the backup
object is permanent, regardless of whether the conditions require automatic
switching. Traffic is restored to the object once the action is released.
Lockout – protection switching from the active object to the backup object
is prevented, even if conditions require automatic switching. Lockout
remains in effect until the action is released.

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Reset Transmission Cards

If a transmission card is not functioning properly, but you suspect that the
failure or malfunction is not caused by the card hardware, you can reset it either
by a "warm" reset (which does not affect traffic) or by a "cold" reset (which
does). This action is performed from the EMS or via GCT from LightSoft.

View Maintenance Operations

LightSoft enables users to view a list of all current maintenance operations of
an NE. The Maintenance Info window displays the objects that have had
maintenance operations carried out sorted by maintenance operation type. This
action is performed from the EMS or via GCT from LightSoft.

View Optical Card Parameters

Figure 8-3 displays the Optical Parameters window, in which you can view
the optical parameters for selected optical cards. The window presents the
value of each parameter in both histogram and numeric forms.

Figure 8-3: XDM Optical Parameters window

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 9
9 Administration and Security
In This Chapter
Overview ....................................................................................................... 9-1
3

User Security ................................................................................................. 9-1

Concurrent Users ........................................................................................... 9-3
System Security ............................................................................................. 9-4
Administrative Functions .............................................................................. 9-6
Secure Unix Environment ............................................................................. 9-7

Overview
LightSoft contains a full range of support features to keep your network
running smoothly, and to protect it from unauthorized and malicious use.

User Security
LightSoft offers a fully customizable security hierarchy with very high
granularity. There are two main types of security definitions:
Operations users can perform (capability profiles)
The objects of the network on which these operations can be performed
(domains)

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Profiles
LightSoft enables you to create profiles that define which operational
categories selected users can access. These include alarm management, trail
management, or user creation, and the operations that can be performed within
each category. The profile is the sum total of all the capabilities that have been
selected. Capability profiles are of precise granularity, enabling exact definition
and complete flexibility. In addition to the numerous default capability profiles
provided by LightSoft, administrators can create new profiles with more
specific definitions, as required.
Profiles are displayed in the Profiles tab of the Security Configuration
window, as shown in Figure 9-1.

Figure 9-1: Security Configuration window

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Resource Domains
Each user group is assigned a profile and a number of resource domains. User
members of a group can perform only the functions provided for by the
assigned profile, and only on the assigned resource domains.
In defining resource domains, LightSoft supports an extremely high granularity
down to the port level, laying the foundation for Virtual Private Networks
(VPNs).

Figure 9-2: Add Resource Domain window

Concurrent Users
A distributed software architecture, which includes adoption of the
client-server model, allows operators to give all its users the capability to
access LightSoft’s GUI simultaneously. Combined with a true
multiconfigurator feature that enables users to manage and work on the same
NEs in parallel, these features greatly increase LightSoft’s availability and
economic benefits to any customer.

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System Security
LightSoft enables you to set certain system defaults for security management.
Parameters include:
Minimal password length – shortest acceptable length for account password
Default password expiration – number of days after which user passwords
expire
Password reuse history – number of times a user account can use same
password
Default inactivity timeout – specified length of time (minutes) after which a
user is automatically logged out
Max. unsuccessful login attempts – number of consecutive invalid login
attempts permissible for each user
Login reactivation – minimum number of days after which a user account is
automatically reactivated after being disabled due to unsuccessful login
attempts
Strong password enforcement – set of various password pattern checks,
including length, content, and mixed use of alphanumeric characters

Figure 9-3: Security Configuration window – Preferences tab

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Setting the NE Password

The NE Password feature prevents unauthorized users from performing
configuration changes on an NE via the NE's craft terminal. Users who attempt
to perform configuration changes on an NE that has a password assigned to it
must submit the password before making the configuration change.

Activity and Security Logs

LightSoft enables you to view the history of a wide range of actions and
configurations performed from the system. You can monitor user actions in
LightSoft through the following logs:
Activity log: Monitors user operations, including topology (for example,
creating a trail) and security operations (for example, creating a user or a
resource domain).
Security log: Monitors user system accesses and password definitions.
Log records are accessed directly from LightSoft windows without having to
use Unix commands. They display the time and date of occurrence, as well as
the user who performed the action.

Figure 9-4: Activity Log window

You can filter which types of activities to view. Some of the actions that can be
added to the Activity log include:
Trail creation and editing
Maintenance actions (loopback, reset, send AIS, and so on)
NE creation and deletion
Slot assignment (viewable via an EMS)

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Administrative Functions

Downloading/Uploading NE Software
NE software is resident in the nonvolatile memory (NVM) of each NE’s main
processing card. Figure 9-5 displays the EMS-XDM SW Management
window, in which the administrator can update the NE software of one or more
NEs by downloading the software from the LightSoft disk. It is also possible to
upload the database from the NE NVM to its respective EMS for backup
purposes.
You can set the activation time to determine when the new software versions
will be switched.

Figure 9-5: EMS-XDM SW Management window

Ping Function
The Ping function initiates a signal from an EMS to a selected NE. By
comparing the signal sent with the signal received in return from the NE,
LightSoft can evaluate the quality of its network connection to that NE.

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Secure Unix Environment

LightSoft's Unix operating system environment has been hardened to protect it
from hacking and intrusions, unauthorized access to customers' sensitive data,
and damage to normal system functionality by mistaken or ill-intentioned
users.
The system can be installed in one of two security levels.
Level 1 is compulsory and includes updated security patches, kernel
security settings, password protection for all accounts, unique UID for all
user accounts, and secured inetd services, RPC services, network
configuration, and file system configuration. It also contains some
restrictions on FTP services and disabling of unnecessary system services
(such as NFS and SNMP).
Level 2 is optional and includes password time expirations for all users and
disabling of PPP and sendmail functionalities.

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 A
A Reference Documents
The primary reference documents for this General Description are:
1. ISO/IEC-9595, Information Technology – Open Systems Interconnection,
Common Management Information Services.
2. ISO/IEC-9596, Information Technology – Open Systems Interconnection,
Common Management Information Protocol.
3. ITU-T Recommendation G.774 and G774.n – SDH Information Model.
4. ITU-T Recommendation G.784 – Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH)
Management.
5. ITU-T Recommendation G.803 – Architectures of Transport Networks
Based on the Synchronous Digital Hierarchy.
6. ITU-T Recommendation G.805 – Generic Functional Architecture of
Transport Networks.
7. ITU-T Recommendation G.872 – Architecture of Optical Transport
Networks.
8. ITU-T Recommendation G.874 – Management Aspects of the Optical
Transport Network Element.
9. ITU-T Recommendation M.2140 – Transport Network Event Correlation.
10. ITU-T Recommendation M.3010 – Principles for a Telecommunications
Management Network.
11. ITU-T Recommendation M.3013 – Considerations for a
Telecommunications Management Network.
12. ITU-T Recommendation M.3100 – Generic Network Information Model.
13. ITU-T Recommendation M.3180 – Catalogue of TMN Management
Information.
14. ITU-T Recommendation M.3200 – TMN Management Services and
Telecommunications Managed Areas: Overview.

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15. ITU-T Recommendation M.3300 – TMN F Interface Requirements.

16. ITU-T Recommendation M.3400 – TMN Management Functions.
17. ITU-T Recommendation X.217 – Open Systems Interconnection, Service
Definition for the Association Control Service Element.
18. ITU-T Recommendation X.219 – Remote Operations: Model, Notation and
Service Definition.
19. ITU-T Recommendation X.227 – Open Systems Interconnection,
Connection-Oriented Protocol for the Association Control Service Element:
Protocol Specification.
20. ITU-T Recommendation X.229 – Remote Operations: Protocol
Specification.
21. ITU-T Recommendation X.710 – Open Systems Interconnection, Common
Management Information Service.
22. ITU-T Recommendation X.720 – Open Systems Interconnection, Structure
of Management Information: Management Information Model.
23. ITU-T Recommendation X.721 – Open Systems Interconnection, Structure
of Management Information: Definition of Management Information.
24. ITU-T Recommendation X.722 – Open Systems Interconnection, Structure
of Management Information: Guidelines for the Definition of Managed
Objects.
25. ITU-T Recommendation X.731 – Open Systems Interconnection, Systems
Management: State Management Function.
26. ITU-T Recommendation X.733 – Open Systems Interconnection, Systems
Management: Alarm Reporting Function.
27. ITU-T Recommendation X.743 – Open Systems Interconnection, Systems
Management: Time Management Function.
28. ITU-T Recommendation X.744 – Open Systems Interconnection, Systems
Management: Software Management Function.
29. OMG – Notification Service Specification V 1.3.
30. OMG – The Common Object Request Broker: Architecture and
Specification V 2.4.
31. TMF 608 – Multi Technology Network Management Information
Agreement V 2.1 and V 3.5.
32. TMF 814 – Multi Technology Network Management Solution Set V 2.1
and V 3.5.

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33. ITU-T G.831 – Management capabilities of transport networks based on the

synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH).
34. ITU-T G.8010/Y.1306 – Architecture of Ethernet layer networks.
35. ITU-T G.8011/Y.1307 – Ethernet over Transport – Ethernet services
framework.
36. ITU-T Y.1311 – Network-based VPNs – Generic architecture and service
requirements.
37. MEF Technical Specification 7 – EMS-NMS Information Model.
38. MEF Technical Specification 10 – Ethernet Services Attributes Phase 1.

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 B
10 Glossary
This glossary contains definitions of certain abbreviations and acronyms used
in this document.

ADM Add/Drop Multiplexer

AIS Alarm Indication Signal

APS Automatic Protection Switching

ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange

ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode

BLSR Bidirectional Line Switched Ring

BSC Base Station Controller

BTS Base Transceiver System

CLU Clock Unit

CORBA Common Object Request Broker Architecture

CUOD Consolidation Unit for Optical Distribution

CVFE Code Violation – Far End

CVNE Code Violation – Near End

CWDM Coarse Wave Division Multiplexing

DCC Data Communications Channel

DCF Dispersion Compensatory Fiber

DCN Data Communication Network

DIO Data I/O card

DWDM Dense Wave Division Multiplexing

eEM ECI Telecom’s SDH Element Manager

EIS Ethernet Interface Switch

EML Element Management Level

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EMS Element Management System

EMS-nBG BroadGate’s Element Management System

EMS-SYNCOM SYNCOM’s Element Management System

EMS-XDM XDM’s Element Management System

LE Logical Element

LightSoft ECI Telecom’s Network Manager

FTP File Transfer Protocol

GCT GUI Cut-Through

GNE Gateway Network Element

GUI Graphical User Interface

HO High Order

HTML Hyper Text Markup Language

I/O Input/Output

IP Internet Protocol

ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network

ITU-T International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunication

LAN Local Area Network

LO Low Order

LOS Loss of Signal

MCP Multiplexer Control Processor card

ME Managed Element

MS Multiplexer Section

MSC Mobile Switching Center

MSP Multiplex Section Protection/Linear

MSPP MultiService Provisioning Platform

MS-SPRing Multiplex Section Shared Protection Ring

MTNM Multi-Technology Network Management

NAS New American Standard (version)

NE Network Element

NEL Network Element Layer

NML Network Management Layer

NMS Network Management System

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NT Network Terminal

NVM Non-Volatile Memory

OADM Optical Add/Drop Multiplexers

OC Optical Carrier, the transmission speeds defined in the

SONET specification
OC-12 Optical Carrier level 12, 622.08 Mbps

OC-192 Optical Carrier level 192, 9.953 Gbps

OC-3 Optical Carrier level 3, 155.52 Mbps

OC-48 Optical Carrier level 48, 2.488 Gbps

OCH Optical Channel

OMSP Optical Multiplex Section Protection

OPEX Operating Expenses

OPI Optical Physical Interface

OSNR Optical Signal Noise Ratio

OSS Operations Support Systems

OTN Optical Trail Network

PC Personal Computer

PDH Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy

PM Performance Monitoring

PN Physical Node

POP Point of Presence

POS Packet Over SDH/SONET

PRC Primary Reference Clock

QoS Quality of Service

RDI Remote Defect Indication

RDR Remote Database Replication

RS Regenerator Section

SAN Storage Area Networks

SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (ITU standard for synchronous

fiber media transmission)
SEC SDH Equipment Clock

SIO SDH/SONET Input/Output

SNC Sub Network Connection

SNCP Sub Network Connection Protection

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Glossary LightSoft General Description

SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol

SONET Synchronous Optical Network (American standard for

synchronous fiber media transmission)
SPI SDH Physical Interface

SQL Structured Query Language

SSUL Synchronization Source Unit - Local

SSUT Synchronization Source Unit - Transit

STM Synchronous Transfer Mode

STM-1 Synchronous Transport Module 1, 155.52 Mbps

STM-16 SYNCOM™ 2488.32 Mbps Synchronous Digital Multiplexer

STM-4 Synchronous Transport Module 4, 622.08 Mbps

STM-64 Synchronous Transport Module 64, 9953.28 Mbps

TC Tandem Connection

TCA Threshold Crossing Alarms

TCM Tandem Connection Monitoring

TCMP Tandem Connection Performance Monitoring

TCP Transmission Control Protocol

TDM Time Division Multiplexing

TG Timing Generator

TM Terminal Multiplexer

TMF TeleManagement Forum

TMN Telecommunications Management Network

TMU Timing Unit

TNM Telecommunications Network Management

TP Termination Point

TRS Tributary SDH (SYNCOM card)

TU Termination Unit

UPSR Unidirectional Path Switched Ring (SONET)

VC Virtual Container/Virtual Connection

VPN Virtual Private Network

WAN Wide Area Network

XML eXtensible Markup Language

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 11 Index
A B
Acquisition • 5-10 Bandwidth management platform • 1-7
Activity log • 9-5 BroadGate • 1-5
Administration • 9-6 µSDM-1 • 1-6
download/upload NE software • 9-6 BG-20/40 • 1-6
ping function • 9-6 nNT • 1-5
profiles • 9-2 SAN-XT • 1-6
Alarm and event C
filters • 6-7
Card assignment and configuration • 4-5
logs • 6-6
batch assignment • 4-6
Alarm counters • 3-3
reassignment • 4-6
Alarm export interfaces • 2-9
Client/server architecture • 2-6
FTP • 6-10
CNM • 2-3
SMS and email • 6-10
Configuration functions • 4-4
to OSS using CORBA-MTNM • 6-10
Configuring NEs and Links • 4-1
Alarms • 6-1
CORBA • 2-8
correlation • 6-5
Counters
current alarms • 6-4
alarm • 3-3
filters • 6-7
TCI • 3-4
indicators • 6-2
Craft terminals • 2-10
logs • 6-6
CSV format • 2-10
notification customization • 6-9
Customer Network Management • See
severity levels • 6-3 CNM
types • 6-2 Customized views • 3-9
user notes • 6-5
D
Availability map • 3-7
Data Communications Channel • See
DCC

432006-2005-013-A00 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary I-1

Index LightSoft General Description

Database access using SQL • 2-9 I

Database Signature feature • 2-7 Importing
DCC • 4-8 from XML • 2-9
Discovery functions • 4-12 traffic configuration files • 5-10
Domains • See Resource domains Inserting NEs into links • 4-2
E Inventory window • 3-8
Element Management Layer • See EML IP routing for NEs • 4-3
EML • 2-3 L
EMS GUI Cut-through • See Layers • See Topology layers
EMS-BG • 2-3 LCT-XDM • 2-10
EMS-SYNCOM • 2-3 LE • 2-4
EMS-XDM • 2-3 Linear Multiplex Section Protection • See
Ethernet services • 5-6 MSP-L/APS
Ethernet trails • 5-8 Links • See Topology links
Events Logical elements • See LE
filters • 6-7
M
logs • 6-6
Main window • 3-2
Exporting
Maintenance • 8-2
to CSV • 2-10
forcing specific timing source • 4-11
to XML • 2-9
resetting transmission cards • 8-4
F switching protection • 8-3
Fault management • 6-1 viewing NE Timing Sources • 4-11
Features and benefits • 2-2 viewing operations • 8-4
Forcing specific timing source • 4-11 viewing optical card parameters • 8-4
FuN • 4-14 Managed elements • See ME
Functional node utility • See FuN ME • 2-4
G MSP-L/APS • 5-11
MSPP • 1-3
Gateway protection • 4-12
MS-SPRing/BLSR • 5-12
GCT • 2-8, 3-9
Multiconfigurator • 2-6
Glossary of Terms • 1
Multidimensional management solution •
Groups of NEs • 3-8 1-8
GUI Cut-through • See GCT. See GCT Multilayer management • 2-3
H Multilayer topology views • 2-2, 3-5
Hardware protection • 5-12 Multiplex Section Shared Protection Ring
• See MS-SPRing/BLSR

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LightSoft General Description Index

MultiService Provisioning Platform • See current monitoring • 7-3

MSPP Ethernet parameters • 7-7
N historical • 7-5
Navigator • 3-3 history report • 7-2
NEL • 2-3 logs • 7-8
NEs optical parameters • 7-7
attributes • 4-8 setting thresholds • 7-5
card assignment • 4-5 Power equilization of optical links • See
PELES
card assignment in batch • 4-6
Printing and exporting • 2-10
card reassignment • 4-6
Profiles • 9-2
creating and configuring • 4-2
Protection schemes for trails • 5-11
downloading/uploading software • 9-6
Protection switching • 8-3
setting IP Routing • 4-3
setting passwords • 9-5 R
timing and synchronization • 4-9 RDR • 2-7
viewing internal attributes • 4-6 Redundancy • 2-7
Network Element Layer • See NEL Remote Database Replication • See RDR
Network Management Layer • See NML Resetting transmission cards • 8-4
NML • 2-3 Resource domains • 9-3
Northbound interface • 2-2, 2-3, 2-8 RSTP map • 3-8
O S
OCH protection • 5-12 SDH/SONET trail bitrates • 5-7
OMSP • 5-12 Secure Unix environment • 9-7
Open interface architecture • 2-8 Security • 9-6
Optical card parameters • 8-4 concurrent users • 9-3
Optical CHannel • See OCH profiles • 9-2
Optical Multiplex Section Protection • resource domains • 9-3
See OMSP setting password • 9-5
Optical Networks Division • 1-1 system security • 9-4
Optical trails • 5-8 user security • 9-1
P Security log • 9-5
Pathfinder • 5-2 Services • See Ethernet services
PELES • 4-15 SQL database access • 2-9
Performance monitoring • See PM Synchronization • 5-10
Pinging • 9-6
PM • 7-2

432006-2005-013-A00 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary I-3

Index LightSoft General Description

T U
T::DAX • 1-7 UMEs • 4-13
Tandem connection monitoring • See TCM Unix security • 9-7
TCI counter • 3-4 Unmanaged Elements • See UMEs
TCM • 7-8 User interface • 3-1
Technology layers • 3-6 User notes on notifications • 6-5
Timing and synchronization • 4-9 User security • 9-1
Timing map • 3-7 Users, concurrent • 9-3
Timing sources of NEs • 4-11 X
TMF-MTNM standard • 2-8
XDM larger platforms
Topology layers • 3-5
XDM-1000 • 1-4
Topology links • 3-4
XDM-2000 • 1-4
automatic insertion of NEs into • 4-2
XDM-40 • 1-4
Topology tree • 3-3
XDM-400 • 1-4
Trail Consistency Indicator • See TCI
XDM-500 • 1-4
Trail protection schemes
XDM smaller platforms
dual route path protection • 5-11
XDM-100 • 1-5
Hardware • 5-12
XDM-200 • 1-5
MSP-L/APS • 5-11
XDM-50 • 1-5
MS-SPRing/BLSR • 5-12
XML • 2-9
OCH • 5-12
OMSP • 5-12
Trail types
Ethernet • 5-8
optical • 5-8
SDH/SONET • 5-7
Trails
acquisition and synchronization •
5-10
displaying path type • 5-12
filtering • 5-9
identification • 5-4
information • 5-3
managing • 5-1
protection schemes • 5-11
provisioning • 5-2
resources • 5-5

I-4 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary 432006-2005-013-A00