PMT

Mark Scheme (Results)

October 2017

Pearson Edexcel International A-Level

In Core Mathematics C34 (WMA02)
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October 2017
Publications Code WMA02_01_1710_MS
All the material in this publication is copyright
© Pearson Education Ltd 2017
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PEARSON EDEXCEL IAL MATHEMATICS

General Instructions for Marking

1. The total number of marks for the paper is 125

2. The Edexcel Mathematics mark schemes use the following types of marks:

• M marks: Method marks are awarded for ‘knowing a method and attempting to apply
it’, unless otherwise indicated.
• A marks: Accuracy marks can only be awarded if the relevant method (M) marks have
been earned.
• B marks are unconditional accuracy marks (independent of M marks)
• Marks should not be subdivided.

3. Abbreviations

These are some of the traditional marking abbreviations that will appear in the mark
schemes.

• bod – benefit of doubt

• ft – follow through
• the symbol will be used for correct ft
• cao – correct answer only
• cso - correct solution only. There must be no errors in this part of the question to
obtain this mark
• isw – ignore subsequent working
• awrt – answers which round to
• SC: special case
• oe – or equivalent (and appropriate)
• d… or dep – dependent
• indep – independent
• dp decimal places
• sf significant figures
•  The answer is printed on the paper or ag- answer given
• or d… The second mark is dependent on gaining the first mark

4. All A marks are ‘correct answer only’ (cao.), unless shown, for example, as A1 ft to
indicate that previous wrong working is to be followed through. After a misread
however, the subsequent A marks affected are treated as A ft, but manifestly absurd
answers should never be awarded A marks.
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5. For misreading which does not alter the character of a question or materially simplify
it, deduct two from any A or B marks gained, in that part of the question affected.

6. If a candidate makes more than one attempt at any question:

• If all but one attempt is crossed out, mark the attempt which is NOT crossed
out.
• If either all attempts are crossed out or none are crossed out, mark all the
attempts and score the highest single attempt.

7. Ignore wrong working or incorrect statements following a correct answer.

General Marking Guidance

• All candidates must receive the same treatment. Examiners must mark
the first candidate in exactly the same way as they mark the last.
• Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates must be rewarded
for what they have shown they can do rather than penalised for omissions.
• Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme not according to
their perception of where the grade boundaries may lie.
• There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark scheme should
be used appropriately.
• All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be awarded. Examiners
should always award full marks if deserved, i.e. if the answer matches the
mark scheme. Examiners should also be prepared to award zero marks if
the candidate’s response is not worthy of credit according to the mark
scheme.
• Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will provide the
principles by which marks will be awarded and exemplification may be
limited.
• When examiners are in doubt regarding the application of the mark
scheme to a candidate’s response, the team leader must be consulted.
• Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the candidate has replaced it
with an alternative response.
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General Principles for Core Mathematics Marking

(But note that specific mark schemes may sometimes override these general principles).

Method mark for solving 3 term quadratic:

1. Factorisation

( x 2 + bx + c) = ( x + p)( x + q), where pq = c , leading to x = …

(ax 2 + bx + c) = (mx + p)(nx + q), where pq = c and mn = a , leading to x = …

2. Formula

Attempt to use the correct formula (with values for a, b and c).

3. Completing the square

2
 b
Solving x + bx + c = 0 :  x ±  ± q ± c = 0, q ≠ 0 ,
2
leading to x = …
 2

Method marks for differentiation and integration:

1. Differentiation

Power of at least one term decreased by 1. ( x n → x n −1 )

2. Integration

Power of at least one term increased by 1. ( x n → x n +1 )

Use of a formula

Where a method involves using a formula that has been learnt, the advice given in recent examiners’ reports is
that the formula should be quoted first.
Normal marking procedure is as follows:

Method mark for quoting a correct formula and attempting to use it, even if there are mistakes in the substitution
of values.

Where the formula is not quoted, the method mark can be gained by implication from correct working with
values, but may be lost if there is any mistake in the working.
Exact answers
Examiners’ reports have emphasised that where, for example, an exact answer is asked for, or working with surds
is clearly required, marks will normally be lost if the candidate resorts to using rounded decimals.
Answers without working
The rubric says that these may not gain full credit. Individual mark schemes will give details of what happens in
particular cases. General policy is that if it could be done “in your head”, detailed working would not be required.
Most candidates do show working, but there are occasional awkward cases and if the mark scheme does not cover
this, please contact your team leader for advice.
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Question
Scheme Marks
Number
1(a) x5 + x3 − 12 x 2 − 8 = 0 ⇒ x5 + x3 = 12 x 2 + 8 M1

12 x 2 + 8 (
4 3x 2 + 2 )
x 3
(x 2
) 2
+ 1= 12 x + 8 ⇒ x= 3
2
( x + 1)
or e.g. x = 3
2
( x + 1)
A1

5 3 2 3 12 x 2 + 8
Note that going straight from x + x = 12 x + 8 to x =
( x 2 + 1)
is acceptable for the first 2 marks but the final mark should be withheld for not
explicitly showing the factorisation of the lhs

=⇒x 3
4 3x 2 + 2
= or x 3
(
4 2 + 3x2 ) ( ) A1*
2 2
( x + 1) ( x + 1)
(3)
(b)
=x1 3=
(
4 3 × 22 + 2 ) 2.237 M1A1
2
2 +1
=x2 2.246,
= x3 2.247 A1
(3)
(c) Interval [ 2.2465,2.2475] ⇒ f ( 2.2465 )= ...,f ( 2.2475 )= ... M1
f (2.2465) = ( + )0.083 +Reason + Conclusion
−0.0057, f (2.2475) = A1
(2)
(8 marks)

x
= 3
(
4 3x 2 + 2 ) ⇒ x3 ( x2 + 1)= 12 x 2 + 8 M1
2
Alt (a) ( x + 1)
x5 + x3 − 12 x 2 − 8 =0 A1
Statement Hence f ( x) = 0 A1*
(3)
(a)
M1: Attempts to write equation in the form x5 ± x3= 12 x 2 ± 8 or x3 ( x 2 ± 1)
= 12 x 2 ± 8.
2
A1: Intermediate line of x3 = 12 x + 8 seen
2
( x + 1)
A1*: cso with the factorisation of the lhs seen explicitly and a statement at the start that f(x) = 0 or
x5 + x3 − 12 x 2 − 8 = ( ) (
0 oe e.g. x3 x 2 + 1 − 4 3x 2 + 2 =
0 )
Do not be overly concerned about the cube root encompassing the whole fraction but do not allow if it is

only unambiguously the numerator that has the cube root e.g. ⇒ x =
(
3 4 3x 2 + 2 )
( x 2 + 1)
Beware of other algebraic methods of establishing the result in (a) – if in doubt send to review.
(b)
Alternative for part (a): M1
M1: Cubes the printed result and multiplies up :
A1: Obtains the required equation with no errors Sub
A1*: Makes a conclusion (may be minimal e.g. tick, QED, # etc.) and x3 ( x 2 + 1) = x5 + x3 seen stit
explicitly in the working ute
s x0
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= 2 into iterative equation to find x1 which may be implied by 3

(
4 3 × 22 + 2 ) or awrt 2.2
2
2 +1
A1: awrt x1 = 2.237
A1:= awrt x2 2.246,
= x3 2.247 (Accept commas for decimal points)
(c)
M1: Attempts to evaluate f(x) at both ends of a suitable interval such as [2.2465, 2.2475] with evidence of
substitution at least once or one correct end (1SF or 1 figure truncated). Accept a tighter interval as long as
it spans the root 2.24656. (NB x = 2.246564001)
A1: f (2.2465) = −0.0057, f (2.2475) = ( + )0.083 + Reason (Eg change of sign or < 0, > 0 against the
appropriate value or equivalent statement) + Conclusion (E.g. a minimum “root” or α = 2.247 or “suitable”
or “suitable interval” or “root lies between 2.2465 and 2.2475”)
Need both values correct to 1 significant figure or truncated.
4 (3 x2 + 2)
Note that candidates may use g ( x )= x − 3 with suitable values – this gives e.g.
x2 + 1
g(2.2465) = −0.000061..., g(2.2475) = (+ )0.000905... and is an acceptable method.

4 (3 x2 + 2)
If the candidate makes an attempt to compare x with 3 and constructs an argument this way and
x2 + 1
you think it may be worth some credit, please send to review.

In (c) do not accept attempts to repeatedly apply the iterative formula to show convergence.
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Question
Scheme Marks
Number
2.(a)
dy dy
y 3 + x 2 y − 6 x =⇒
0 3 y2 + x2 + 2 xy − 6 =0 B1 M1 A1
dx dx
dy 6 − 2 xy
⇒ = M1A1
dx x 2 + 3 y 2
(5)
(b) 3
6 − 2 xy = 0 ⇒ y = M1
x
3 3 2 27 3 x 2
Substitute y = into y + x y − 6 x =0 ⇒ 3 + − 6 x =0 dM1
x x x
⇒ x4 =
9 ddM1A1
Points ( 3, 3 )( − 3, − 3 ) A1A1
(6)
(11 marks)
Alt(b) 3
6 − 2 xy = 0 ⇒ x = M1
y
3 3 2 3 9 3
Substitute x = into y + x y − 6 x = 0 ⇒ y + 2 y − 6 × = 0 dM1
y y y
⇒ y4 =
9 ddM1A1
Points ( 3, 3 )( − 3, − 3 ) A1A1
(6)

(a)
B1: Applies the product rule to x 2 y to obtain x 2 dy + 2 xy
dx
3 d y
M1: Applies the chain rule to y to obtain Ay 2
dx
d y 3
A1: y 3 − 6 x = 0 ⇒ 3 y 2 − 6 = 0. i.e. y differentiated correctly and −6 x → −6 and “= 0” seen or implied.
dx
dy dy
M1: Attempts to make the subject. This is dependent upon them having two terms in their derivative. One
dx dx
coming from their differentiation of x 2 y and the other from their differentiation of y 3
A1: Accept dy = 6 − 2 xy or equivalent.
dx2 2
x +3y
dy dy
Ignore a spurious " = " at the start but see the note above regarding where the ’s must come from for the second
dx dx
method mark.

If the candidate differentiates with respect to y, the same scheme can be applied:
dx dx dx
B1: x 2 y → x 2 + 2 xy . M1: −6 x → A A1: y 3 − 6 x =0 ⇒ 3 y 2 − 6 =0
dy dy dy
dx dx
M1: Attempts to make the subject. This is dependent upon them having two terms in their derivative. One
dy dy
coming from their differentiation of x 2 y and the other from their differentiation of −6x
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dy 6 − 2 xy
A1: Accept = or equivalent.
dx x 2 + 3 y 2
If the candidate multiplies through by dx:
B1: x y → x dy + 2 xydx . M1: y 3 → Ay 2 dy A1: y 3 − 6 x =0 ⇒ 3 y 2 dy − 6dx =0
2 2

dy
M1: dy ( 3 y 2 + x 2 ) =( 6 − 2 xy ) dx ⇒ =... A1: dy = 62 − 2 xy2
dx dx x + 3 y

(b)
dy
M1: Sets the numerator of their = 0 and attempts to write x in terms of y or vice versa. This means that
dx
their numerator must be a function of x and y.
dy 3 2
dM1: Substitutes their answer to = 0 into y + x y − 6 x =0 to form an equation in one variable.
dx
Dependent on the first method mark.
ddM1: Reaches an equation of the form Ax m = Bx n OR Cy m = Dy n or equivalent e.g. Ax m − Bx n =
0 OR
Cy m − Dy n =
0 where m ≠ n . Dependent on both previous method marks.
4
A1: A correct equation, either x = 9 or y 4 = 9 or equivalent e.g. x 4 − 9 = 0 or y 4 − 9 =0 (May be implied
by correct coordinates below)
A1: Two correct values for x or y or a correct pair...likely to be x = 3 , y = 3
Allow equivalent exact values for 3 for this mark e.g. 4 9 or 3 or 4 27 or awrt 1.73
49 3
A1: All 4 values correct and simplified i.e. x = ± 3 , y = ± 3 . The points do not have to be explicitly
given as coordinates so just look for values but if any extra points/coordinates are given, this mark can be
1
withheld. Allow 3 2 for 3.

Note that starting with 6 − 2 xy =x 2 + 3 y 2 generally will score no marks in (b)

Note that working with x 2 + 3 y 2 =
0 generally will score no marks in (b) and can be ignored if seen
alongside work dealing with 6 − 2 xy = 0 unless it yields extra spurious values – in which case the final
mark can be withheld – see note above.
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Question
Scheme Marks
Number
3(a) 3500 B1
(1)
(b) 20
3500 (1.035 ) t > 10000 ⇒ (1.035 ) t > ( awrt 2.86 ) M1A1
7
20
log
⇒t> =7 = 30hrs 31 mins
30.516 M1A1
log1.035
or 30 hrs 32 mins
(4)
(c) dN dN 8
= 3500 (1.035 ) t ln1.035
= ⇒ 3500 (1.035
= ) ln1.035 awrt 159 B1M1A1
dt dt t = 8
(3)
(8 marks)

(a)
B1: 3500
(b)
M1: For substituting N =10000 and proceeding to (1.035 ) t ... A where ... is >,  , =,< or 
20 20 10000 100
A1: (1.035 ) t... where ... is >,  , =, < or  Accept awrt 2.86 for or equivalent e.g. ,
7 7 3500 35
M1: Proceeds correctly to find a value for t.
20 20
log ln 20
Accept expressions such as t... 7 , t... 7 or t...log or awrt 30.5 as evidence
log1.035 ln1.035 1.035 7
A1: 30hrs 31 mins or 30hrs 32 mins (Not 1831 minutes)
Attempts and Trial and Improvement should be sent to review.

(c)
dN dN dN
B1: For = 3500 (1.035 ) t ln1.035 or = 3500et ln1.035 ln1.035 (Allow = N ln1.035 )
dt dt dt
dN
M1: For substituting t = 8 into their which is a function of t but which is not the original function.
dt
A1: awrt 159 (Award as soon as a correct answer is seen and isw)
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Question
Scheme Marks
Number
4 (a)
( 2
1 − cos 2 x 1 − 1 − 2sin x
≡
)
2sin x sin x
=
sin 2 x 2sin x cos x 2sin x cos x M1A1
2
1 − cos 2 x 2sin x
Allow ≡
sin 2 x 2sin x cos x
sin x
= = tan x A1*
cos x
(3)
Examples
1 − cos 2 x 1 − 1 + 2sin 2 x sin x M1A1A1
≡ = tan x
=
sin 2 x 2sin x cos x cos x

≡
( 2
1 − cos 2 x 1 − 1 − 2sin x
=
)
sin x
tan x
= M1A1A1
sin 2 x 2sin x cos x cos x
1 − cos 2 x 2sin 2 x M1A1A0
≡ tan x
=
sin 2 x 2sin x cos x
1 − cos 2 x 2sin 2 x M1A1A1
≡ tan x
=
sin 2 x 2sin x cos x
(3)
2 1 − cos 2θ 2
(b) 3sec= θ −7 ⇒ 3sec= θ − 7 tan θ M1
sin 2θ
( )
⇒ 3 1 + tan 2 θ − 7 =tan θ M1

⇒ 3tan 2 θ − tan θ − 4 =
0 A1
⇒ (3 tan θ − 4)(tan θ +1) = 0
4
⇒ tan θ= , tan θ =−1 dM1
3
3 7
θ = 0.927, 4.069, π ( 2.356 ) , π ( 5.498 ) A1 A1
4 4
(6)
(9 marks)
(a)
M1: Score for using cos2x = 1 – 2sin2x and sin2x = 2sinxcosx
If cos2x = cos2x – sin2x is used first there must be an attempt to change into just sin2x by using the
identity sin2x + cos2x = 1. Condone missing brackets for this mark.

A1 : A correct intermediate line of e.g.

a sin x sin x 2
or a sin x or or
(
1 − 1 + 2sin 2 x 1 − 1 − 2sin x 2
)
a sin x cos x a sin x cos x 2sin x cos x 2sin x cos x
A1*: Correctly proceeds to given answer with no errors or omissions including all bracketing. There must be an
2sin x sin x sin x 2sin x
intermediate line of either showing cancelling or or before tan x is seen and if their
2sin x cos x cos x 2cos x
working necessitates the appearance of the 2’s in the numerator and denominator and they are not shown, this
mark can be withheld. If the candidate uses θ instead of x, the final mark should be withheld.
(b)
M1: Uses the identity from part (a) to get an equation in just sec2 θ or 1 and tanθ
cos 2 θ
M1: Uses the identity sec2θ = ±1 ± tan2θ to get an equation in just tanθ.
A1: A correct equation in tan θ . Look for 3 tan 2 θ − tan θ − 4 =
0 or equivalent.
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dM1: Uses a correct method to solve a 3-term quadratic in tan θ to obtain at least one value for tan θ .
Dependent on both previous method marks.
A1: Any two from awrt θ = 0.927, 4.069, 3 π ( 2.356 ) , 7 π ( 5.498)
4 4
3 7
A1: All four of awrt θ = 0.927, 4.069, π ( 2.356 ) , π ( 5.498 )
4 4
If all the angles are correct but given are given to less accuracy (but at least to 2dp) then score A1A0.
The angles do not have to appear all on the same line so award marks when the correct angles are seen.
Answers in degrees: awrt 53.130, 233.130, 135, 315. Score A1 for any 2 of these but withhold the final A
mark.
Ignore extra answers outside the range but deduct the final A mark for extra answers in range in an
otherwise correct solution.
If the candidate starts again and you think the attempt is worth credit then please send to review.
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Question
Scheme Marks
Number
( 3x + 5)10
∫ ( (3x + 5) +e ) dx
9 5x e5 x
5(i) =
30
,+
5
( +c) M1A1, B1

(3)

(ii)
∫ 2
=
x
x +5
d x
1
2 (
ln x 2 + 5 ) M1A1

∫
x 1 1
x 2
+
=
5
d x ln =6
2
ln( )
b 2
+ 5 −
2
ln 22 =
+ 5 ln ( 6) M1
2
 b2 + 5 
⇒ ln  = ln 6 ⇒ b= 7 ddM1, A1
 9 
 
(5)
(8 marks)
(i)
M1: For an integral of the form C ( 3x + 5 )10 or C ( 3x + 5 )9 +1 where C is a constant and no other powers of
(3x + 5)
1 10
( 3x + 5)10 ( 3x + 5)
A1: . No need for + c. Allow un-simplified e.g. 3 .
30 10
5x e5 x
B1: e →
5
Mark each integration independently i.e. there is no need to see everything all on one line.
(ii)
2
( )
M1: For an answer of the form C ln k x + 5 where C and k are constants. Allow log for ln.
1
1
( ) ( 1
)
A1: ln k x 2 + 5 or ln k x 2 + 5 2 or ln k x 2 + 5 . Allow log for ln.
2 2
M1: Substitutes in both 2 and b for x correctly and subtracts either way around and sets equal to ln ( 6 ) .
ddM1: Removes logs correctly to obtain an equation in b. Dependent on both previous M marks.
A1: b = 7 only. b = ±7 scores A0 unless the -7 is rejected.
Note: May see integration by substitution in (ii)
u x2 + 5
E.g. =

∫ ∫
x x du
M1: = dx = 12 ln u
2
x +5 u 2x
For an answer of the form C ln k ( u ) where C is a constant Allow log for ln as above.
A1: 1 ln ku
2

( )
2
b +5
M1:  1 ln u  = 1 ln b 2 + 5 − 1 =
ln 9 ln 6
2 9 2 2
Substitutes in both 9 and b2 + 5 correctly and subtracts either way around and sets equal to ln ( 6 ) .
ddM1: Removes logs correctly to obtain an equation in b. Dependent on both previous M marks.
A1: b = 7 only. b = ±7 scores A0 unless the -7 is rejected.
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Question
Scheme Marks
Number
6 (a) 0.41576 B1
(1)
(b) π
Strip width = B1
4
1 π
{
Area ≈ × × 0 + 2 ( 0.76679 + 0.41576 + 0.15940 ) + 0}
2 4
Or separate trapezia:
1 π 1 π
× × {0 + 0.766792} + × × {0.766792 + 0.41576} +
M1
2 4 2 4
1 π 1 π
× × { 0.41576 + 0.15940} + × × { 0.15940 + 0}
2 4 2 4
1.0540 A1
(3)
(c) dy 1 1 1
Uses vu ′ + uv′ : 2e − x × ( sin x ) 2 (cos x) − 2e − x ( sin x ) 2
=
−

dx 2
or
M1A1A1
1 1 1
e × 2 × ( sin x ) 2 (cos x) − 2e x ( sin x ) 2
x −
vu′ − uv′ dy 2
Uses : =
v2 dx e2 x
(3)
1 1
(d) dy 1 −
0 ⇒ 2e− x × (sin x) (cos x) − 2e − x (sin x) =
= 2
0 2
dx 2
cos x = 2sin x M1
1
tan x = ⇒ x = 0.464 dM1A1
2
(3)
(10 marks)
(a)
B1: awrt 0.41576
(Note that degrees gives 0.068835….and scores B0)
(b)
π 1 π π
B1: Strip width = or awrt 0.785. This may be implied by seeing × × {...} or × {...} within the
4 2 4 8
trapezium formula
M1: Correct structure for the trapezium formula. Do not condone missing brackets unless they are implied
by subsequent work. (Allow the 0’s to be omitted in the brackets)
A1: awrt 1.0540 (Not 1.054) (note that this mark is still available even if (a) is not given to the required
accuracy)
(Note that degrees gives 0.78149…)
(c)
M1: Uses vu’+uv’ =
with u / v 2e
= −x
,u / v ( sin x )0.5 If the rule is quoted it must be correct.
−x
=
It may be implied by, for example, u 2e= ,v sin x followed by their= v ' .. and vu '+ uv '
u ' ..,=
If it is not quoted nor implied then look for an expression of the form f(x) ± g(x) where f(x) or g(x) is of the form
−0.5
Ae − x sin x or Ae − x ( sin x ) cos x with A non-zero.
A1: Either term of the derivative correct
A1: Completely correct derivative dy = 1 1 1
2e − x × ( sin x ) 2 (cos x) − 2e − x ( sin x ) 2 . Allow un-simplified and
−

dx 2
allow …+–… for … – …
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1 1
−
Penalise poor use of powers once only e.g. ( sin x ) written as sin x
−
2 2
unless corrected later.
2 sin x vu′ − uv′
Quotient rule on
x
: M1: Uses =
2 ( sin x )0.5 , v e x If the rule is quoted it must be
with u 2=
e v
vu′ − uv′
=
correct. It may be implied by, for example, u sin x , v e x followed by their =
2= v ' .. and
, u ' ..,=
v2
If it is not quoted nor implied then look for an expression of the form dy = ( )
f x ± g ( x)
where f(x) or g(x) is of
( )
2
dx e x

−0.5
the form Ae x sin x or Ae x ( sin x ) cos x with A non-zero.
A1: Either term of the numerator correct, including the correct denominator.
1 1 1
e x × 2 × ( sin x ) 2 (cos x) − 2e x ( sin x ) 2
−
dy 2
A1: Completely correct derivative = . Allow un-simplified and
dx e2 x
allow …+–… for … – …
1 1
−
Penalise poor use of powers once only e.g. ( sin x ) 2 written as sin x 2 unless corrected later.
−

Attempts at ye x = 2 sin x followed by implicit differentiation should be sent to review.

(d)
dy
M1: Sets = 0 and proceeds, using correct algebra and allowing arithmetic slips only, to A cos x = B sin x
dx
or A cos x − B sin x =
0
dM1: Divides by cosx to reach tanx = α where α ≠ ±1
A1: cso awrt 0.464 (Do not allow 0.148π)

Note that in (d), some candidates may square once they reach A cos x = B sin x

E.g.
1
2sin x ⇒ cos 2 x =
cos x = 4sin 2 x ⇒ 5sin 2 x =
1 ⇒ sin x =
5
Or
2
2sin x ⇒ cos 2 x =
cos x = 4sin 2 x ⇒ 5cos 2 x =
4 ⇒ cos x =
5
1
In such cases, score dM1 for reaching cos x = α or cos x = β α , β ≠ and A1 for x = awrt 0.464 but
2
withhold the A1 if there are any extra solutions in range.

Candidates who attempt to square both sides of cos x − 2sin x =

0 are unlikely to progress further but if you
see work that you think deserves credit, send to review.
 PMT

Question
Scheme Marks
Number
7(a) 1
2−3 or or 0.125 B1
23
−3
1 −3 1  3x 
(2 3x)
=− = 1 − 2 
(2 − 3x)3 23  
2
1  3 x  −3 × −4  3 x  
=  1 + ( −3 ) ×  −  + ×  −  + ...  M1A1
8  2  2!  2  
 
1 9 27 2
= + x;+ x + ... A1; A1
8 16 16
(5)
4 + kx 1 9 27
( 4 + kx )  8 + 16 x + 16 x 2 + ... 
(b)
= 3
(2 − 3 x)  
27 9k 81
Compares x2 terms + = ⇒ k = ... M1
4 16 16
k = −3 A1
(2)
(c) 9 1
Compares x terms + × '− 3'= A ⇒ A= ... M1
4 8
15
A= A1
8
(2)
(9 marks)
7(a) 1
2−3 or B1
23
ALT

3 ( −3)( −4 ) 2
(2 − 3 x) −= 2 −3 + ( −3 ) 2 −4 ( −3 x ) + 2 −5 ( −3 x )
2 M1A1
M1: For 2-3 and the structure of at least one of the other terms correct
A1: Fully correct
1 9 27 2
= + x;+ x + ... A1; A1
8 16 16
(5)
(a)
1 1
B1: For taking out a factor of 2−3 or 3 or or 0.125
2 8
M1: Score for the form of the binomial expansion with index −3
Eg =  1   1 + (− 3)(** x) + (− 3)(− 4) (** x)2 + ...  where ** ≠ 1 or – 1
8   2! 
Requires 1 + … with the structure of at least one of the other terms correct as shown above.
2
1   3 x  −3 × −4  3 x  
A1: Correct un-simplified form =    1 + ( −3) ×  −  + ×  −  + ... 
 8    2  2!  2  

Condone missing brackets around the ** x provided they are recovered later.
 PMT

1 9
A1: First two terms correct and simplified + x
8 16
27 2
A1: Third term correct and simplified + x .
16
3x 3x
(Allow this mark from an expansion using rather than − )
2 2

(b)
81
M1: Finds the sum of the coefficients of their two x2 terms and sets equal to and proceeds to find a value
16
27 9 81
for k. E.g. 4 × ""+ " " k = ⇒ k = ...
16 16 16
A1: cso k = −3 (Must come from correct work)

(c)
M1: Finds the sum of the coefficients of their two x terms using their value of k and proceeds to find a
9 1
value for A. E.g. A =
4 × " "+ " " k
16 8
15 15
A1: A = oe e.g. 1.875 (If k = – 3 is obtained fortuitously in (b) allow A = here)
8 8
 PMT

Question
Scheme Marks
Number
8 2 + ... B1
A B
Obtains + where A and B are constants M1
x x −1
3 1
or − or A = 3 or B = – 1 A1
x x −1
3 1 A1 (B1
−
x x −1 on Epen)
4 4
2 x2 − 3
∫ ∫
 3 1 
dx
=  2 + x − x − 1  dx
3
x( x − 1) 3  
=[ 2 x + 3ln x − ln( x − 1) ] 34 M1 A1ft
 128 
=( 8 + 3ln 4 − ln 3) − ( 6 + 3ln 3 − ln 2 ) =2 + ln   M1 A1cso
 81 
(8 marks)

B1: 2 +…
A B
M1: Obtains + where A and B are constants
x x −1
3 1
A1: or − or one correct constant
x x −1
3 1
B1: −
x x −1

∫
* *
M1: For + dx → p ln mx + q ln n( x − 1) where *, p, q, m and n are constants.
x x −1
A1ft: 2 x + 3ln x − ln( x − 1) . Follow through their “2”, A and B so look for “2”x+Alnx+Bln(x – 1). This
mark can be withheld if the brackets are missing unless subsequent work suggests their intended presence.
M1: For substituting in 3 and 4, subtracting either way around and using correct addition or subtraction log
laws at least once.
 27 
 128   47  2 + ln  4  ) 2 + ln  128  + c is also A0
A1: cso 2 + ln   or 2 + ln  1  (Do not allow
 81   81  3   81 
 
 PMT

Question
Scheme Marks
Number

Shape B1

9(a)(i)
( e2 , 0 ) B1

Asymptote
B1
x=0

(3)

Shape B1ft

(a)(ii)
Asymptote and
B1ft
coordinate

(2)
(b) 4 M1A1
2 ln x − 4 = 4 ⇒ ln x = 4 ⇒ x = e
2 ln x − 4 =−4 ⇒ ln x =0 ⇒ x =1 M1A1
(4)
(c) gf ( x) = e2 ln x − 4 + 5 − 2, = e1 × e2 ln x − 2 = e x 2 − 2 M1,dM1A1
(3)
(d) gf(x) > − 2 B1
(1)
(13 marks)
(a)(i)
B1: For a logarithmic shaped curve in any position. For this mark be tolerant on slips of the pen at either end. See
Practice and Qualification for examples.
B1: Intersection with the x axis at ( e2 ,0 ) .
Allow e2 marked on the x axis. Condone ( 0, e2 ) being marked on the positive x axis.
Do not allow e2 appearing as 7.39 for this mark unless e2 is seen in the body of the script.
Allow if the coordinate is given in body of script. If they are given in the body of the script and differently
on the curve (save for the decimal equivalent) then the ones on the curve take precedence.
B1: Equation of asymptote is x = 0 (do not allow “ y-axis”). Note that the curve must appear to have an asymptote
at x = 0
(a)(ii)
B1ft: For either the correct shape or a reflection of their “negative” curve in (a) in the x-axis. For this to be scored it
must have appeared both above and below the x-axis. The curve to the lhs of the intercept must appear to
have the correct curvature
B1ft: Score for the correct coordinates and asymptote. Alternatively follow through on the coordinates and
asymptote given in part (a) as long as the curve appeared both above and below the x-axis and the curve
approaches the same asymptote stated in (a)(i). Do not penalise “y-axis” given as the asymptote twice – i.e.
penalise in (a)(i) only.
If the curves are sketched on the same axes – it must be clear which curve is which – if in doubt use review.
 PMT

(b)
M1: Sets 2lnx – 4 = 4 and proceeds to x = e…. This may be implied by an answer of awrt 55
A1: x  e
4

A correct answer only of x  e implies both marks.

4

M1: Sets –2lnx + 4 = 4 and proceeds to x = e… or sets 2lnx + 4 = – 4 and proceeds to x = e…

May be implied by an answer of e°
A1: x = 1
Note that x = 1 may be found by symmetry if (1, -4) is identified as a point on the original curve.
Allow M1A1 if x = 1 is found by this approach.

Alternative by squaring:
2 2
M1: ( 2 ln x − 4 ) = 16 ⇒ 4 ( ln x ) − 16 ln x + 16 = 16 ⇒ ln x =
...
Squares both sides including expanding lhs and proceeds to solve for lnx
M1: Proceeds from lnx = … to find at least one value for x
A1: x = e4
A1: x = 1

(c)
is gf ( x) e2 ln x − 4 + 5 − 2
M1: Attempts gf ( x) the correct way around. Evidence=
Look for gf ( x) = e 2 ln x ± ......
dM1: Correct processing leading to an expression of the form ek x 2 − 2, k ≠ 0
(Only allow slips on the “– 4 + 5”)
A1: cso ex2 – 2 (Allow e1x2 – 2)

(d)
B1: Acceptable answers are: “ > – 2”, gf(x) > – 2, range > – 2, y > – 2, −2 < gf ( x) < ∞, ( −2, ∞ ) but not x > – 2
Allow in words e.g. gf is greater than – 2 or y is bigger than –2 etc.
 PMT

Question
Scheme Marks
Number
10 (a) 20 × 4 80
t (t − 4) = 0 ⇒ t = 4 Hence
= x = M1A1
2× 4 +1 9
(2)
(b)  
20t dx 20(2t + 1) − 20t × 2 20
x= ⇒ = =   M1A1
2t + 1 dt ( 2t + 1) 2  ( 2t + 1) 2 
 
dy
dy dt ( 2t − 4 ) ( t − 2 )( 2t + 1) 2
= = =, M1A1,A1
dx dx 20 10
dt ( 2t + 1) 2
(5)
Mark c(i) and (ii) together:
(c)(i) 20t x −x
x= ⇒ 2tx + x = 20t ⇒ t (20 − 2 x) = x ⇒ t = or M1A1
2t + 1 20 − 2 x 2 x − 20
(2)
(ii) x x  x 
Sub t = into y = t (t − 4) ⇒ y =  − 4 M1
20 − 2 x 20 − 2 x  20 − 2 x 
x  x 4 ( 20 − 2 x ) 
⇒
= y × −
20 − 2 x 
dM1
20 − 2 x  20 − 2 x
x  9 x − 80 
⇒
= y ×
20 − 2 x  20 − 2 x 
x(9 x − 80)
=⇒y , oe =
0 < x < 10 or k 10 A1, B1
( 20 − 2 x ) 2
(4)
(13 marks)

(a)
M1: Attempts to find x when t = 4
80 80
A1: (Not 8.88… but isw if is seen)
9 9
(Ignore any attempts to find x when t = 0)
(b)
20t
M1: Attempts to apply the quotient rule on with u= 20t , =
v 2t + 1
2t + 1
20t B
Alternatively applies the product rule on 20t ( 2t + 1) −1 OR writes as A − and uses the
2t + 1 2t + 1
chain rule
dx 20(2t + 1) − 20t × 2 dx
A1: = or= 20(2t + 1) −1 + 20t × −2 ( 2t + 1) −2
dt ( 2t + 1) 2 dt
 PMT

dy
dy dx
M1: Attempts to use = dt . Need to see correct chain rule seen or implied with their and their
dx dx dt
dt
dy
which is not y.
dt
dy
A1: correct and un-simplified. Score for dy = ( 2t − 4 )
dx dx 20
( 2t + 1) 2
Allow “invisible” brackets to be recovered if a correct answer appears later.
2
dy ( t − 2 )( 2t + 1)
A1: =
dx 10

(c)(i)
20t
M1: A full attempt to make t the subject of x = . Need to see a correct method here with sign slips
2t + 1
±x
only so must reach t = .
±20 ± 2 x
x −x
A1: t = or equivalent e.g. t =
20 − 2 x 2 x − 20
(c)(ii)
x
M1: Substitutes THEIR t = into y = t(t – 4) to find y in terms of x
20 − 2 x
dM1: Uses a correct common denominator, adapting the numerator of the second fraction. Condone sign
errors only when combining their fractions either inside the brackets or once the brackets have been
expanded. Dependent on the first method mark.
x(9 x − 80) x(9 x − 80) 9 x 2 − 80 x
A1: y = =
Accept exact alternatives such as y = 2
,y 2
,
( 20 − 2 x ) 2 4 (10 − x ) 4 (10 − x )
9 x 2 − 80 x
y=
400 − 80 x + 4 x 2

Note that it is possible to find y from integrating dy/dx as a function of x – send such cases to review.
B1: Accept either the domain is 0 < x < 10 or k = 10
 PMT

Question
Scheme Marks
Number
11 (a) 1 1
du 1 − dh 1 − B1
= − h 2 OR −2(5 − u ) or du = − h 2 dh etc.
=
dh 2 du 2

∫ ∫ ∫
dh −2(5 − u )du  −10 
= =  + 2  du M1dM1A1
5− h u  u 
−10 ln u + 2u + c
=
(
−10 ln 5 − h + 2 5 − h + c
= ) ( ) M1
(
−10 ln 5 − h − 2 h + k
= ) A1*
(6)
(b)
dh t
0.2
5− h ( ) t 0.2 dt
∫( ∫
dh
= ⇒ = B1
dt 5 5− h ) 5

t 1.2
(
⇒ −10 ln 5 − h − 2 h + k = ) 6
or equivalent M1A1

Substitute t= 0, h= 2 ⇒ k= 10 ln 5 − 2 + 2 2= ( ) ( awrt 15.6 ) M1

t 1.2
Substitute h = 15 ⇒
6
(
−10 ln 5 − 15 − 2 15 + 10 ln 5 − 2 + 2 2
= ) ( ) dM1

⇒ t1.2
= 39.94 ⇒
= t 21.6 (or 21.7) dM1A1
(7)
(c)
dh 21.6
0.2
5 − 15
= = 0.42 = 42 (cm per year)
( ) B1
dt 5
(1)
(14 marks)

dh t
0.2
5− h ( )
∫( ∫
5dh
= ⇒ = t 0.2 dt B1
dt 5 5− h )
t 1.2
( )
Note
this is ⇒ −50 ln 5 − h − 10 h + ' k ' = or equivalent M1A1
1.2
where
“5” is Substitute t= 0, h= 2 ⇒ k= 50 ln 5 − 2 + 10 2= ( ) ( awrt 78 ) M1
brought Substitute h = 15
t 1.2
to lhs M1
⇒
1.2
( )
−50 ln 5 − 15 − 10 15 + 50 ln 5 − 2 + 10 2
= ( )
⇒ t1.2
= 39.94 ⇒
= t 21.6 (or 21.7) dM1A1
(7)
 PMT

(a)
1 1
du 1 − dh 1 −
B1: For = − h 2 OR −2(5 − u ) or equivalent. For example accept versions such as du = − h 2 dh
=
dh 2 du 2
and dh = −2 h du
M1: Attempts to rewrite the integral in terms of h to an integral in terms of u. Expect to see both dh and
5 − h written in terms of u but dh ≠ du

∫
A 
dM1: Divides by 'u' to reach a form  + B  du where A and B are constants. Dependent on the first
u 
method mark.

∫ ∫
 −10   −5 
A1:  + 2  du or e.g. 2  + 1 du
 u   u 

∫
A 
M1:  u + B  du → A ln u + Bu → A ln 5 − h + B 5 − h + C
 
( ) ( )
Reaches A ln ( 5 − h ) + B ( 5 − h ) with or without a constant of integration
A1*: CSO. There must have been a constant at the point of integration above and evidence that
2 ( 5 − h ) + c → −2 h + k but do not accept 2 ( 5 − h ) + k → −2 h + k unless it is accompanied by an
explanation that 10 + k is a constant.
−10 ln ( 5 − h ) + 10 − 2 h + c where 10 + c = k which is
May see −10 ln ( 5 − h ) + 2 ( 5 − h ) + c =
acceptable.
(b)
B1: Separates the variables.
t 0.2 dt
∫ (5 − ∫
dh
Accept = or equivalent, even without the integral signs.
h ) 5

M1: Attempts to integrate both sides. Must see:

∫ (5 −
dh
h )
( )
→ A ln 5 − h + B h ( + k ) and
∫ t 0.2 dt → C t1.2 (Allow C = 1)

t 1.2 t 1.2
( )
A1: −10 ln 5 − h − 2 h + k = or −10 ln 5 − h − 2 h =
6 6
+c ( )
t 1.2 t 1.2
( )
−50 ln 5 − h − 10 h + ' k ' = or −50 ln 5 − h − 10 h =
1.2 1.2
+c ( )
All correct with the constant appearing one side or the other (or both)
Note that some candidates think the k in part (a) is 10 – in these cases, provided all the work is
correct, allow all the marks in (b) and (c) but a constant of integration must be found.
M1: Substitutes t = 0 and h = 2 to find a value for their constant
dM1: Substitute h = 15 in an equation for t involving a numerical constant. Dependent on the previous
method mark.
dM1: All previous method marks must have been scored. It is for obtaining a value for t (even if the
processing is poor).
A1: cso t 21.6
= = (years) or t 21.7 (years)
 PMT

Alternative:

B1: Separates the variables.

t 0.2 dt
∫( ∫
dh
Accept = or equivalent, even without the integral signs.
5− h ) 5
M1: Attempts to integrate both sides. Must see:

∫(
dh
5− h )
( )
→ A ln 5 − h + B h ( + k ) and
∫ t 0.2 dt → C t1.2

T
 t 1.2 15
( )
A1:  −10 ln 5 − h − 2 h  = 
2  6  0
All correct with the correct limits attached (constants not needed but may be present)
M1: Substitutes h = 15 and h = 2 and subtracts
t 1.2
dM1: Substitutes t = “T” and t = 0 and subtracts – may be implied by just . Dependent on the
6
previous method mark.
dM1: All previous method marks must have been scored. It is for finding t.
A1: cso t 21.6
= = (years) or t 21.7 (years)

(c)
B1: 42 only
 PMT

Question
Scheme Marks
Number

12(a)
( 2, 0, 7 ) B1
(1)
(b)  2 8
  
 −2  .  4  = 16 − 8 + 1 = 3 × 9 cosθ M1A1
 1  1
  
1
cos θ = A1
3
2
1 8 2
M1A1*
Uses sin 2θ + cos 2θ =
1 ⇒ sinθ =−
1   = =2
3
  9 3
(5)
(c) AB = 82 + 82 + 42 OR AB= 4 × '3' M1
1 1 2
Area = ' ab sin C ' = × 12 × 24 × 2 = 96 2 M1A1
2 2 3
(3)
(d) length AC 24
Attempts to find value of µ by = M1A1
( 8, 4,1) 9
 2 8
Attempts  0  ± 8  4  dM1
  3  
7 1
 70 32 29   58 32 13 
 3 , 3 , 3 , − 3 , − 3 , 3  A1A1
   
(5)
(14 marks)
(a)
B1: Accept ( 2, 0, 7 ) or the vector equivalent
(b)
M1: Correct full method for the scalar product of the direction vectors or any multiple of the direction
vectors.
 2 8
  
A1:  −2  .  4  = 16 − 8 + 1 = 2 + 2 + 1 × 8 + 4 + 1 cosθ
2 2 2 2 2 2

 1  1
  
A correct numerical statement involving cosθ
May see the cosine rule e.g. 72 = 32 + 92 − 2 22 + 22 + 12 × 82 + 42 + 12 cosθ or equivalent
1
A1: cos θ = oe (may be implied)
3
2
1
M1: Uses sin θ + cos θ =
2 2
1 their   . Allow methods using a right angled triangle but must
1 ⇒ sinθ =−
 3
1 32 − 1
see correct work e.g. cos θ =⇒ sin θ = . Also this mark may be implied by a correct answer of
3 3
 PMT

2 1  1 2
2 . So allow e.g. cos θ =⇒ sin θ = sin  cos −1  = 2 or
3 3  3 3
1 2 1 2
cos θ = ⇒ θ = 70.52...sin θ = sin ( 70.52...) = 2 or just cos θ =⇒ sin θ = 2
3 3 3 3
8 2
θ
A1*: sin= = 2 with no need to state the value of k.
9 3
(c)
M1: A correct method of finding AB = b − a = 82 + 82 + 42 or alternatively uses AB = 4 × '3'

1 1 1
M1: Uses Area = ' AB × 2 AB sin θ ' with their sinθ but not ' AB × AB sin θ '
2 2 2
A1: 96 2

(d)
length AC
M1: Attempts to find value of µ by or e.g. ( 8µ ) 2 + ( 4µ ) 2 + µ2 "24" or
=
( 8, 4,1)
( 8µ ) 2 + ( 4µ ) 2 + µ2 =
"24"2

but not ( 8µ ) 2 + ( 4µ ) 2 + µ2 242 i.e. both sides must be consistent.

=
24
A1: µ = (±) 9
 2 8
  8  
dM1: Attempts to find at least one position for C by using 0 ± their ' ' 4
  3  
7
  1
 70 32 29   58 32 13 
A1: Either of  , ,  ,  − , − ,  .
 3 3 3   3 3 3
 70   − 58 
 3   3 
  1  70    1  −58  1
32 32
Allow in vector form as   or  32 or  −  or  −32  but not e.g. ( 70,32, 29 )

 3  3    3  3   3
 29   29   13   13 
   
 3   3 

 70 32 29   58 32 13 
A1: Both of  , ,  ,  − , − ,  .
 3 3 3   3 3 3

 70   − 58 
 3   3 
  1  70    1  −58  1
32
Allow in vector form as   or  32  or 32
 −  or  −32  but not e.g. ( 70,32, 29 )
 3  3    3  3   3
 29   29   13   13 
   
 3   3 
  
= OA ± 2 AB is common and gives (18, −16,15 ) , ( −14,16, −1) and generally scores no
Note that using OC
marks in (d).