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Mark Scheme (Results)

October 2024

Pearson Edexcel International Advanced Level

In Chemistry (WCH16)
Paper 01 Practical Skills in Chemistry II
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October 2024
Question Paper Log Number P78394A
Publications Code WCH16_01_2410_MS
All the material in this publication is copyright
© Pearson Education Ltd 2024
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General Marking Guidance

• All candidates must receive the same treatment. Examiners must

mark the first candidate in exactly the same way as they mark the
last.
• Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates must be
rewarded for what they have shown they can do rather than
penalised for omissions.
• Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme not according
to their perception of where the grade boundaries may lie.
• There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark scheme
should be used appropriately.
• All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be awarded.
Examiners should always award full marks if deserved, i.e. if the
answer matches the mark scheme. Examiners should also be
prepared to award zero marks if the candidate’s response is not
worthy of credit according to the mark scheme.
• Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will provide the
principles by which marks will be awarded and exemplification may
be limited.
• When examiners are in doubt regarding the application of the mark
scheme to a candidate’s response, the team leader must be
consulted.
• Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the candidate has
replaced it with an alternative response.
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Using the Mark Scheme

Examiners should look for qualities to reward rather than faults to penalise. This does NOT
mean giving credit for incorrect or inadequate answers, but it does mean allowing candidates
to be rewarded for answers showing correct application of principles and knowledge.
Examiners should therefore read carefully and consider every response: even if it is not what is
expected it may be worthy of credit.

The mark scheme gives examiners:

• an idea of the types of response expected
• how individual marks are to be awarded
• the total mark for each question
• examples of responses that should NOT receive credit.

/ means that the responses are alternatives and either answer should receive full credit.
( ) means that a phrase/word is not essential for the award of the mark, but helps the examiner
to get the sense of the expected answer.

Phrases/words in bold indicate that the meaning of the phrase or the actual word is essential
to the answer.
ecf/TE/cq (error carried forward) means that a wrong answer given in an earlier part of a
question is used correctly in answer to a later part of the same question.

Candidates must make their meaning clear to the examiner to gain the mark. Make sure that
the answer makes sense. Do not give credit for correct words/phrases which are put together
in a meaningless manner. Answers must be in the correct context.

Quality of Written Communication

Questions which involve the writing of continuous prose will expect candidates to:
• write legibly, with accurate use of spelling, grammar and punctuation in order to make the
meaning clear
• select and use a form and style of writing appropriate to purpose and to complex subject
matter
• organise information clearly and coherently, using specialist vocabulary when appropriate.

Full marks will be awarded if the candidate has demonstrated the above abilities. Questions
where QWC is likely to be particularly important are indicated (QWC) in the mark scheme, but
this does not preclude others.
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Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
1(a)(i) An answer that makes reference to the following points: If both name and formula are given, both must (4)
be correct

• AgI/silver iodide (1)

• NH3/ammonia (1) Do not award ammonium/NH4+

• Fe(OH)3/iron(III)hydroxide/ Fe(OH)3.(H2O)3 (1) Do not award Fe(OH)2/iron(II)hydroxide

• BaSO4/barium sulfate (1) Allow sulphate

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
1(a)(ii) If name and formula are given, both must be correct (1)

• barium iodide / BaI2 Ignore any state symbols

Do not award just Ba2+/ barium

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
1(a)(iii) An explanation that makes reference to the following points: (2)

• Fe(III)/Fe3+ and NH4+ and SO42- (1)

• Fe NH4 (SO4)2 (1) Accept cations in either order

Allow formula with water of crystallisation.
Ignore state symbols
Ignore incorrect brackets e.g.(NH4)
TE from incorrect ions in M1
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Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
1(b) An answer that makes reference to the following points: (2)

• iodine has been produced (from iodide ions) (1) Allow I− changes to I2

• Fe(III) is reduced /Iron is reduced from +3 to +2 (1) Iodide ions oxidised to iodine scores both marks
Allow Fe(III) acts as an oxidising agent/I− acts
or as reducing agent

I- oxidised/iodine is oxidised from -1 to 0 Ignore references to the identity of the white ppt
Do not award unbalanced (half)equations for M2

(Total for Question 1 = 9 marks)

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
2(a)(i) An answer that makes reference to the following point: (1)

• burette or graduated pipette or pipettes with markings Do not award just pipette
Do not award volumetric pipette/flask
Do not award measuring cylinder

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
2(a)(ii) An answer that makes reference to the following point: (1)
Allow colourless to blue/black
• blue/black/blue-black/dark blue Allow black-blue
Do not award colourless/yellow/brown/purple
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Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
2(a)(iii) An answer that makes reference to the following point: (1)
• the rate of reaction does not change significantly/is Allow (so that)any change in concentration of the
constant at the start of the reaction peroxydisulfate/iodide does not affect the reaction rate

Allow so that the thiosulfate ions are used up/ Reaction

2 is complete before the concentrations of the reactants
changes (significantly)

Allow so that the concentration of the reactants does not

change(significantly)

Ignore any references to the rate depending on the

thiosulfate concentration
Ignore references to the iodine/iodide being completely
used up

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
2(a)(iv) An answer that makes reference to the following point: (1)

• so that the iodine disappears (in the reaction with the Allow arguments based on a slower rate for
thiosulfate) before any reaction with the starch can occur Reaction 2 e.g. the iodine would not be removed /
the colour (of the complex) would appear too soon /
straightaway/the colour change is delayed/not all
the thiosulfate will react

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
2(b)(i) Example of calculation (1)

• concentration potassium iodide in mixture (1) 11  0.200 ÷ 45 = 0.049 (mol dm−3)

Ignore SF except 1 SF
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Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
2(b)(ii) An answer that makes reference to the following points: Example of correct graph (2)
0.008
• axes, labels with units and scale chosen to cover at least
half the graph in each direction (1)
0.006
• st
1 two and last two points correctly plotted (allow one
small square) and best fit straight line. (1) 1/time
Ignore third point. /s-1
0.004

0.002

0.000
0.00 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08
- -3
[I ] / mol dm
Allow axes reversed

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
2(b)(iii) An explanation that makes reference to the following points: (2)

• first order (1)

• since the graph (of rate against concentration) is a straight (1) M2 is dependent on M1
line (through the origin)/ the rate/1/t is proportional to the Allow the gradient is constant
concentration of iodide ions Ignore references to half-lives
Do not award contradictory reasoning e.g.
concentration is proportional to time
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Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
2(c)(i) An explanation that makes reference to two of the following points: (2)

• the temperature (1)

• the (total) volume of the reaction mixture (1) Accept just “total volume”

• the volume of the KI (solution)/iodide ions (1)

• the volume of Na2S2O3 (solution)/thiosulfate (1) Allow the volumes of other reactants for 1 mark
Ignore references to concentration of individual
reactants.
Do not award the volume of peroxydisulfate
Do not award pressure

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
2(c)(ii) An answer that makes reference to the following point: (1)

• rate = k[S2O82−] [ I−] Allow [ I−] [S2O82−]

Allow K
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Question
Additional Guidance Mark
Number Answer
2(d) (3)
• two simultaneous equations (1) −6.03 = − ( Ea  0.00351 ÷R) + constant
−3.47 = − ( Ea  0.00314 ÷R) + constant

• subtraction (1) −2.56 = − ( Ea  0.00037 ÷R)

• evaluation of activation energy with sign and units (1) (+)57.496 kJ mol−1 / (+)57496/57500/57000 J mol−1
Ignore SF except 1 SF
Correct answer with some evidence of working scores 3
Using values correctly rounded to 3SF
(+)58181/58180/ 58200/58000 J mol−1
Using 1/285 and 1/318 gives
(+)58425/58430/58400/58000 J mol−1
An alternative method:
• in a graph of lnk against 1/T the gradient gives
−Ea/R
• gradient can be found by subtraction of lnk ÷ gradient = −3.47 – (−6.03) = −6918.9 K−1
subtraction of 1/T 0.00314 −0.00351

• rearrangement to give Ea −(−6918.9 × 8.31) = (+) 57.496 kJ mol−1

Ignore SF except 1 SF
(Total for Question 2 = 15 marks)
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Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
3(a)(i) A description that makes reference to three of the following (3)
points:

• add deionised/distilled water to the solid (in a beaker) (1) Allow the use of a funnel to transfer solid to flask

• (transfer solution to) a volumetric flask with washings (1) Do not award conical flask/measuring cylinder

• make up to the mark (with deionised/distilled water) and (1) M3 depends on the use of a volumetric flask in M2
invert/mix

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
3(a)(ii) An explanation that makes reference to two of the following (2)
points:

• volume measured using a measuring cylinder is less (1) Allow reverse argument
accurate/precise than a (volumetric) pipette

• the ethanedioic acid volume/amount is stoichiometric/ (1)

used in the titration calculation/is a limiting factor

• the sulfuric acid acidifies the mixture/ provides hydrogen (1) Ignore references to a catalyst
ions for the reaction/must be in excess
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Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
3(a)(iii) An answer that makes reference to the following point: (1)

• the titration is self-indicating / the end-point is when the Allow colourless to pink
mixture becomes purple/pale pink Allow reactants and products are different colours
Do not award pink to colourless

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
3(a)(iv) An explanation that makes reference to the following points: (3)

• the reaction has a high activation energy / rate is slow (at (1)
room temperature)

• the reaction will be faster at a higher temperature/heat is (1) Allow the reaction is exothermic
needed to supply the activation energy

• Mn2+ ions are produced (in the titration reaction) (1) Allow Mn2+ ions speed up the reaction
(which) act as a catalyst/ the reaction is autocatalysed
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Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
3(a)(v) Example of calculation (4)

• mol of manganate(VII) in titre (1) 19.90  0.0203 ÷ 1000 = 4.0397 10−4 / 0.00040397 (mol)

• mol ethanedioic acid in 250 cm3 (1) 0.00040397  5/2  10 = 1.00993 10−2 / 0.010099 (mol)

• mass water in solid (1) 1.27 – (0.010099  90) = 0.36107(g)

• mole ratio of ethanedioic acid : water (1) 0.0101 : 0.36107 ÷ 18

0.0101 : 0.020059 / 2.0059 10−2

1: 2 so x=2

Alternative M3: molar mass of ethanedioic acid Alternative M3

1.27 ÷ 0.010099 = 125.75

Alternative M4: moles water 125.75 – 90= 35.751

35.751 ÷ 18 = 1.9862 ~ 2 so x=2

Correct answer with some working scores 4

Ignore SF for M1,M2 and M3
Do not award M4 if answer is not an integer
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Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
3(b) (3)
An answer that makes reference to three of the following
points:
Method 1
• titrate (a solution of) ethanedioic acid with (aqueous)
sodium hydroxide (noting the volume NaOH added at
the end point) (1)

• using thymol blue as an indicator (1) Ignore colour change even if incorrect

• add (25cm3) ethanedioic acid to the mixture and (1) Allow: add half the titre volume of NaOH to a different
measure the pH using a pH meter 25cm3 sample of ethanedioic acid, and measure the pH
using a pH meter

Method 2

• add (small portions of) sodium hydroxide, noting the (1)

pH after each addition

• until the first neutralisation/ sharp rise in pH has been This could be determined by using any indicator but not
observed (1) phenolphthalein

• plot a graph of pH (against the volume of alkali

added) and determine the point of half- neutralisation (1)

(Total for Question 3 = 16 marks)

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Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
4(a) An explanation that makes reference to three of the following (2)
points

• corrosive (1)

• toxic/acute toxicity/poisonous/fatal/lethal (1)

• serious/long term health hazard/carcinogenic/cancer (1)

corrosive toxic carcinogenic

2 correct scores 1
3 correct scores 2

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
4(b)(i) An explanation that makes reference to two of the following (2)
points:

• below 0⁰C the reaction is (too) slow (1)

• above 5⁰C the diazonium salt/the product (of Reaction1) (1) Accept phenol/nitrogen is formed
will decompose/HNO2/nitrous acid is unstable Do not award the final product will decompose
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Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
4(b)(ii) A description that makes reference to two of the following (2)
points:

• (Buchner)funnel with perforated base and filter paper (1)

• (Buchner) flask with side arm, seal(bung) and connection (1)

to (vacuum) pump/reduced pressure

To score both marks both pieces of apparatus must be

identifiable as separate

Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
4(b)(iii) A description that makes reference to three of the following (3)
points:

• (place sample of solid in) a capillary/melting point tube (1) Accept a small tube/Pasteur pipette

• insert tube into melting temperature apparatus (1)

Or
Thiele tube/ oil bath with thermometer

• heat (to 110°C then slowly) till sample melts (1) If a water bath is stated then M3 cannot be scored
A labelled diagram may score M1 and M2
Ignore descriptions of recrystallisation
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Question
Answer Additional Guidance Mark
Number
4(c) An answer that makes reference to the following point: (1)

• the solubility (in water) increases (so dye is lost from the Ignore any reasons given for the increased
body more easily/ the dye is more easily washed off the solubility even if incorrect.
hands)

(Total for Question 4 = 10 marks)

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