Division Functional Chemicals
Genamin S 150
Surfactant for the chemical-technological industry
Viscosity (DIN 53015) at 50 °C
Composition
approx. 60 mPas
Stearylamine with 15 mol EO
Refractive index (DIN 53491) at 50 °C
approx. 1.459
*)
Product properties
Pour point (DIN/ISO 3016)
Active substance content
approx. 5 °C
about 100 %
Flash point (DIN/ISO 2592)
Appearance at 20 °C
approx. 300 °C
yellow to brown, liquid
Alkaline number, (mg KOH/1 g amine)
pH (DIN EN 1262), 1 % aqueous solution, 20°C
59 - 63
9 – 11
Lime soap dispersing power (DIN 53903)
Solubility at 20 °C
approx. 3 %
1 % in water: clear
10 % in mineral oil: turbid
10 % in xylene: clear Surface tension (DIN 53914)
10 % in glycol: clear approx. 43 mN/m
Density (DIN 51757) at 50 °C Dip-wetting ability 100 s at 25 °C (DIN 53901)
approx. 1.00 g/cm³ >10 g/L
* ) These characteristics are for guidance only and are not to be taken as product specifications. The tolerances are given in the product specification
sheet. For further information on product properties, toxicological, ecological and safety data, please refer to the safety data sheet.
October 2005
= registered trademark by Clariant page 1/4
Clariant GmbH
Division Functional Chemicals
D-65926 Frankfurt am Main
Division Functional Chemicals
Genamin S 150
Other Genamin S grades
Genamin S 020 special
Genamin S 080
Genamin S 100
Genamin S 120
Genamin S 200
Genamin S 250
Fatty amine ethyloxylates
The surface-active fatty amine ethoxylates are obtained by the action of ethylene oxide on fatty amine. The reaction
can be represented in summary simplified form by the following general equation:
(CH2 CH2O) x H
R NH2 + n H2C CH2 R N
(CH2 CH2O) H
Y
O
Fatty amine Ethylene oxide Fatty amine ethoxylate
x + y = n number of molecules of ethylene oxide added
As a result of the addition of ethylene oxide to the fatty amines, dihydric alcohols with terminal hydroxyl groups are
produced. Under suitable conditions further reactions with these are possible. Moreover, the bridge nitrogen can be
quaternized.
Fatty amine ethoxylates are in principle basic in nature, form salts with acids and have an alkaline reaction in aqueous
solution. In view of their surface activity they must therefore be classified with the cationic compounds and, like
them, prove to be substantive.
Nevertheless, they often behave like nonionic surfactants towards many indicators and also in other applications, and
all the more so the longer the added ethylene oxide chain is.
Their physical and chemical properties, and especially the surface-active ones, are determined largely by the ratio of
the hydrophobic fatty amine radical to the hydrophilic solubilizing polyglycol chains in the molecule. The length of the
polyglycol chains is indicated by the number of molecules of ethylene oxide added per molecule of fatty amine and is
also known as degree of ethoxylation.
October 2005
= registered trademark by Clariant page 2/4
Clariant GmbH
Division Functional Chemicals
D-65926 Frankfurt am Main
Division Functional Chemicals
Genamin S 150
Since both the type of initial fatty amine and the amount of ethylene oxide can be chosen arbitrarily, there are two
possibilities for modifying the hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance. Both have been employed in producing the Genamin
product range. This consists of four groups, each of which is based on a different fatty amine and is distinguished by
corresponding code letters:
C = Coconut fatty amine
saturated C8-C18 fatty amines, predominantly C12-C14
O = Oleylamine
predominantly unsaturated C18 fatty amines
S = Stearylamine
saturated C16-C18 fatty amines
T = Tallow fatty amine
saturated and unsaturated C16-C18 fatty amines
A multistage ethoxylation series is available for each of these amines, and the number of added molecules of ethylene
oxide is expressed by an additional suffix, e.g. 080 for 8, 150 for 15 and 250 for 25 moles of ethylene oxide per mole-
cule of fatty amine.
The last zero in all suffixes indicates that all grades contain practically 100 % active substance.
Common degrees of ethoxylation are Genamin grades with 2, 5, 8, 20 and 25 moles of ethylene oxide.
If for special purposes a narrower range is required, this can easily be achieved by formulating corresponding blends
of neighboring products. Sometimes, however, blends of more distant products produce even better effects. The pro-
cedure is to use the usual mixing rule and to employ the amine numbers as a basis for calculation. Moreover, when
entire production batches are taken, any degrees of ethoxylation can be produced.
To obtain completely homogeneous blends, it is preferable to employ temperatures of 50 – 60°C. It is recommended
that this temperature should be also maintained when aqueous dilutions are produced. In certain concentration ranges
(usually between 70 and 40 % active substance) the occurrence of gelatinous hydrates, which are slow to dissolve in
cold water, is avoided.
In suitable cases the gel state can be eliminated by adding solubilizers (alcohols, glycols, etc.). These are also appro-
priate if stable, non-flammable, higher dilutions are to be produced from products that form a turbid solution.
In principle the solubility in water rises with increasing degree of ethoxylation. The slightly ethoxylated products are
only moderately dispersible at room temperature and therefore form turbid solutions resembling emulsions. The me-
dium and higher-ethoxylated products dissolve to form a clear solution.
October 2005
= registered trademark by Clariant page 3/4
Clariant GmbH
Division Functional Chemicals
D-65926 Frankfurt am Main
Division Functional Chemicals
Genamin S 150
On the other hand, the solubility in water decreases with rising temperature. Therefore turbidity can occasionally
occur even in inherently clear solutions, for example if the recommended working temperature of 50 – 60°C is main-
tained when dilutions are prepared.
This is a reversible physical phenomenon that normally impairs neither further processing nor subsequent use. The
solutions become clear again as they cool. Higher-ethoxylated compounds display no turbidity in aqueous solution up
to boiling point. However, with these too the temperature limit is depressed to a greater or lesser extent by large
quantities of electrolytes, especially neutral salts or alkalis.
Just like the fatty amines, the Genamin grades, especially in concentrated form, have a corrosive effect on the skin
and mucous membranes. The appropriate protective measures must therefore be taken when the products are proc-
essed.
Genamin grades can be combined unreservedly with nonionic and other cationic surface-active substances. Compati-
bility with anionic products must however be checked in each case.
The Genamin grades are largely resistant to most chemicals in the common application concentrations and are practi-
cally indifferent to hard water.
Their specific surface-active properties make them valuable raw materials and mixing components for the chemical-
technological industry. They are suitable e.g. for the manufacture of dyeing and other textile auxiliaries, mineral oil
additives, crop protection products, pesticides, cosmetic starting materials and bonding agents, details of which are
beyond the scope of this data sheet.
We will gladly offer advice and information on any technical questions you may have.
Product use
Genamin grades can be combined with all types at nonionic and cationic surfactants. The compatibility with anionic
products must be checked for each case. The Genamin grades are resistant to most chemicals at typical concentra-
tions used. They are insensitive to water hardness.
Their specific surface active properties make them valuable bases and additives for the chemical technical industry.
They can be used to manufacture textile auxiliaries (e.g. products for dyeing) mineral oil additives, crop protection
products and pesticides, raw materials for cosmetics and adhesives. There also other uses which are beyond the
scope of this brochure.
We will be pleased to give you advice on technical details.
This information is based on our present state of knowledge and is intended to provide general notes on our prod-
ucts and their uses. It should not therefore be construed as guaranteeing specific properties of the products de-
scribed on their suitability for a particular application. Any existing industrial property rights must be observed. The
quality of our products is guaranteed under our General Conditions of Sale.
October 2005
= registered trademark by Clariant page 4/4
Clariant GmbH
Division Functional Chemicals
D-65926 Frankfurt am Main
