Scribd
Upload
8 views

Lecture 29 - Health and Safety at Work

The document outlines the objectives and key principles of health and safety at work, emphasizing the employer's responsibility to maintain a safe environment and the importance of employee involvement. It details various types of hazards, the hierarchy of controls for managing them, and the essential elements of an effective safety program, including management commitment and training. Additionally, it discusses legal requirements and recordkeeping related to workplace health and safety.

Uploaded by

Salyha rehman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
8 views

Lecture 29 - Health and Safety at Work

The document outlines the objectives and key principles of health and safety at work, emphasizing the employer's responsibility to maintain a safe environment and the importance of employee involvement. It details various types of hazards, the hierarchy of controls for managing them, and the essential elements of an effective safety program, including management commitment and training. Additionally, it discusses legal requirements and recordkeeping related to workplace health and safety.

Uploaded by

Salyha rehman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 28

Health and Safety at

Work
Objectives

• By the end of this session, you will know


the:
– Hazards associated with your workplace and best
methods to control for them
– Key elements for well-functioning health and
safety committees
– Basic legal requirements for health and safety in
your workplace
Key Principles of Health and Safety
• Employer is responsible for maintaining a safe and
healthy workplace

• Employees should be involved in developing policies


and programs

• There should be no sanctions for H&S related


activities

• Employer should implement best and most effective


practices/policies to protect workers from hazards
CHEMICAL & DUST
HAZARDS
(cleaning products,
pesticides, asbestos, etc.)
BIOLOGICAL ERGONOMIC
HAZARDS HAZARDS
(repetition, lifting, awkward
(mold, insects/pests,
communicable diseases, etc.) postures, etc.)
WORK
ORGANIZATION
HAZARDS
Things that cause STRESS!

SAFETY HAZARDS PHYSICAL HAZARDS


(slips, trips and falls, faulty (noise, temperature
equipment, etc.) extremes, radiation, etc.)
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Data, 2009
• Injury and illness rate for public workers
significantly higher than among private
industry workers
– (5.8 vs. 3.6 cases per 100 workers)

• Defenders fall into the top 5 in these


categories:
– highest number of days away from work
– musculoskeletal injury incidents
Hierarchy of Controls
Elimination/Substitution
Requires a physical
Most
change to the
Effective workplace

Requires worker or
employer to do
something
Requires
worker to
wear
something
Least
Effective
CONTROLS: Engineering
CONTROL AT THE SOURCE!
Limits the hazard but doesn’t entirely remove it.

Other
Examples:
Mechanical Guards
Wet Methods for
Dust
Enclosures/Isolation
Dilution Ventilation

Image: by JohnRH4's photostream

Image: by Kare_Products

Local Exhaust
Proper Image: by purpleslog’s photostream

equipment Re-designed Tools


CONTROLS: Administrative
Aimed at Reducing Employee Exposure to Hazards
but Not Removing Them!

 Changes in work procedures such as:

 Written safety policies/rules

 Schedule changes, such as:


 Lengthened or Additional Rest Breaks
 Job Rotation
 Adjusting the Work Pace

 Training with the goal of reducing the duration,


frequency and severity of exposure to
hazards
CONTROLS: PPE
Personal Protective Equipment
Control of LAST RESORT!
Develop a Change Schedule

 Special Clothing

 Eye Protection

 Hearing Protection

 Respiratory Protection

CONTROL IS AT THE WORKER! 9


Hierarchy of Controls
Elimination/Substitution
Requires a physical
Most
change to the
Effective workplace

Requires worker or
employer to do
something
Requires
worker to
wear
something
Least
Effective
Major Elements of an
Effective Safety and Health
Program

Management Commitment and


Employee Involvement

Worksite Analysis

Hazard Prevention and Control

Safety and Health Training


Management Commitment and
Employee Involvement Go
Together!

– Top management
involvement should be
visible and have authority
and resources to
implement program

– Employee involvement in the


program and in decisions
that affect their safety and
health should be encouraged
Management Commitment &
Employee Involvement

– A clearly stated worksite policy should


be established and communicated with
specific goals and objectives.

– All aspects of the program should have


assigned responsibility and accountability.

– Program operations need to be reviewed


at least annually, to evaluate and make
revisions as needed.
Worksite Analysis

• Identify all existing hazards and


conditions that might create new
hazards

• An efficient program includes actively


analyzing the work and the worksite
to anticipate and prevent harmful
occurrences
Hazard Prevention and Control
• Triggered by a determination that a hazard or
potential hazard exists.

– Where feasible, prevent hazards by effective


design of job or job site.

– Where elimination is not feasible, control hazards


to prevent unsafe and unhealthful exposure.

– Elimination or control must be accomplished in a


timely manner.
Safety and Health Training

• Address the safety and health responsibilities


of all personnel.

• Ensure that all employees understand the


hazards to which they may be exposed and
how to prevent harm to themselves and
others.

• Ensure that managers understand their safety


and health responsibilities.
Recordkeeping

• Requires most employers with


more than 10 workers to keep
a log of injuries and illnesses.

 Workers have the right to review the


current log, as well as the logs stored for
the past 5 years.

 Workers also have the right to view the


annually posted summary of the injuries
and illnesses (OSHA 300A).
OSHA 300 Log
• Used to document and
classify work-related
injuries and illnesses
and severity of each
case.

• Annual summary shows


totals of injuries and
illnesses for the year in
each category.

• Summary must be
posted in a visible
location February 1
through April 30 each
year.
Access to Exposure and Medical
Records: 1910.1020

• Exposure • Medical Records


Records – Questionnaires
– Environmental and – Results of examinations
biological – Laboratory tests
monitoring – Medical opinions, diagnoses,
• Personal etc.
– First aid records
• Workplace
– Description of treatments

– Material Safety
Data Sheets
Hazard Communication
Standard 1910.1200
To ensure that employers and employees know about
work hazards and how to protect themselves so that the
incidence of illnesses and injuries due to hazardous
chemicals is reduced.

Hazard Container Material Safety


Communication Labeling Data Sheet
Program

Program MSDS

Label

20
OSHA Office of Training
and Education
Occupational Exposure to
Hazardous Chemicals in the
Laboratory 1910.1450

• Requires a Chemical Hygiene • Requires:


Plan – Standard Operating
– Capable of protecting Procedure
employees from health – Employee information
hazards associated with and training
hazardous chemicals in that – Designation of Chemical
laboratory Hygiene Officer
– Capable of keeping
exposures below the limits

Plan shall be readily available to


employees and employee
representatives
Blood-borne Pathogen
Standard 1910.1030
• Purpose: To Prevent Needle sticks and Other
Exposures at Work to Blood and Body Fluids
that Contain Blood

• Employer Responsibilities:
– Identify Workers at Risk
– Provide Safe Needles
– Ensure Universal Precautions are Practiced
– Provide Personal Protective Equipment
– Provide Prompt Evaluation and Treatment
– Provide Hepatitis B Vaccinations
– Recordkeeping
– Train Workers Annually
Asbestos Hazard Emergency
Response Act – AHERA
Applies to all
• Requires Employers to: schools!
– Establish Asbestos Management Plan for every school
site

– Conduct regular inspections and assess conditions of


ACB

– Provide training for custodial/maintenance staff in


general awareness and more extensive training for
workers doing small jobs and/or emergency cleanups

– Covers state and local workers who perform asbestos


work who aren’t covered by OSHA
23
Finding Information
• What reports,
logs and
documents
should be
collected and
reviewed by the
committee?

• How often
should they be
reviewed? How do you think you should
ask for these programs and
records? 24
Committee Resources
• What training do you feel you need to
be a better committee member?

Legal Assistance,
contacts?

Union resources?

Other allies/expertise?
Who?

TIME, TIME, TIME……..


• Valuable resource for information
on all types of hazard exposures

• Can conduct Health Hazard


Evaluations (HHE) if requested
by union or members
Overview of Hazards
What’s going on in your
workplace?

27
What standards or regulations exist
for the hazards you identified?

28

You might also like