ASSIGNMENT SERIES 88 2024OD088
PRESTRESSED CONCRETE
2024OD088
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
VARSHINI MANICKAM M 7376211CE135
INTRODUCTION:
Prestressed concrete is a viable building system for bridges offering
engineers and owners flexibility in bridge design and public use. Despite its advantages and
general good use, documented corrosion durability problems continue to illustrate difficulties
in bridge applications. The variety of materials and hardware components used in prestressed
concrete is wide as the many applications for bridge components. The corrosion mechanisms of
prestressing steel can vary by many complicating factors involving the structural component,
prestressing technique, construction practices, deficiencies in the building material, and the
natural and service environments. Continued innovation and specification changes provide
improvements but also come with new challenges. The corrosion durability problems
encountered during the modern application of prestressed concrete highlight the need for the
holistic consideration of manufacturing and building economics, structural design, materials
performance and durability, construction practices, attainable construction quality, and
maintenance tools to ensure the success of bridge construction and utility.
DEFINITION OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE:
Prestress is defined as a method of applying pre-compression to control
the stresses resulting due to external loads below the neutral axis of the beam tension
developed due to external load which is more than the permissible limits of the plain concrete.
The pre-compression applied (may be axial or eccentric) will induce the compressive stress
below the neutral axis or as a whole of the beam c/s. Resulting in either no tension or
compression.
TERMINOLOGY:
TENDON: A stretched element used in a concrete member of a structure to
impart prestress to the concrete.
ASSIGNMENT SERIES 88 2024OD088
ANCHORAGE: A device generally used to enable the tendon to impart and
maintain prestress in concrete.
PRETENSIONING: A method of prestressing concrete in which the
tendons are tensioned before the concrete is placed. In this method, the
concrete is introduced by the bond between steel & concrete.
POST TENSIONING: A method of prestressing concrete by tensioning the
tendons against hardened concrete. In this method, the prestress is imparted
to concrete by bearing.
MATERIALS USED FOR PRESTRESSED CONCRETE:
CEMENT
CONCRETE
STEEL
USAGE OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE:
Prestressed concrete is commonly used
for floor beams, piles, and railways sleepers, as well as structures such as bridges, water tanks, roofs,
and runways. Generally, prestressed concrete is not necessary for columns and walls, however, it can
be used economically for tall columns and high retaining walls with high bending stresses.
PROCESS OF PRESTRESSES CONCRETE:
PRE-TENSIONING PRESTRESSED CONCRETE:
In Pre-tensioning, the steel tendons are tensioned
before the concrete is cast. The tendons are temporarily anchored against some abutments and
then cut or released after the concrete has been placed and hardened. The prestressing
force is transferred to this concrete by the bond along the length of the tendon. Pre-tensioning
is generally done in precasting plants in permanent beds, which are used to produce pre-
tensioned precast concrete elements for the building industry
POST-TENSIONING PRESTRESSED CONCRETE:
Post-tensioning is performed by two main operations: tensioning
the steel wires or strands by hydraulic jacks that stretch the strands while bearing against the
ends of the member and then replacing the jacks by permanent anchorages that bear on the
member and maintain the steel strands in tension. A tendon is generally made of wires, strands, or
bars. Wires and strands can be tensioned in groups, whereas bars are tensioned one at a time. In the
post-tensioning process, the steel tendons are placed in the formwork before the concrete is cast,
and the tendons are prevented from bonding to the concrete by waterproof paper wrapping or a
metal duct (sheath). Tendons bonded to the concrete are called bonded tendons. Unbonded tendons,
left without grout or coated with grease, have no bond throughout the length of the tendon.
ASSIGNMENT SERIES 88 2024OD088
ADVANTAGES OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE:
The inherent compressive strength of concrete is used to its fullest.
The special alloy steels used to form the prestressing tendons are used to their fullest.
Tension cracks are eliminated, reducing the risk of the steel components corroding.
Shear stresses are reduced.
For any given span and loading condition a reduction in weight can be achieved from
using a component with a smaller cross section.
A composite member can be formed by joining individual precast
concrete units together.
DISADVANTAGES OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE:
A high degree of workmanship and control is required.
Special alloy steels are more expensive than traditional steels used in reinforced
concrete.
Expensive equipment is needed and there are complex safety requirements.
PRESTRESSED CONCRETE PAVEMENTS:
Prestressed concrete pavements are designed and produced to be prestressed to
bear tensile forces caused by external loads by various live objects such as vehicles on the roads or
aircraft in the airports. Prestressed concrete pavements well achieve the due performance in their
relatively thinner thickness design
FEATURES OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE PAVEMENTS:
ASSIGNMENT SERIES 88 2024OD088
As compared to asphalt pavements, prestressed concrete pavements are more resistant to
airplanes' or vehicles' wheel trails and thus cause less wear and tear to themselves.
Maintenance costs reduction is therefore realized.
Prestressed concrete pavements are flexible and resilient, thus applicable to bad ground
conditions.
CHARACTERISTICS OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE:
• More prominent obstruction, strength, and break control. A prestressed substantial design,
contrasted with different sorts of substantial designs, is area of strength for surprisingly. The
prestressing technique likewise builds the sturdiness and generally speaking unwavering quality
of the substantial over the long haul, as well as diminishes breaking. Prestressed concrete is
along these lines utilized in high-scale structures where weighty burdens are put on it from
various points.
Can be utilized for longer ranges. Since the substantial is both built up and prestressed,
establishments can be longer long without the gamble of breakage. This is advantageous
on account of, for instance, enormous parking structures and different designs where heaps
of vehicles dash around.
REFERENCE:
o http://www.corrosionpedia.com/definition/5797/
prestressed-concrete
o https://constrofacilitator.com/prestressed-precast-
concrete-elements-advantage-application/
