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Section 5 IT

The document outlines the differences between application and system software, highlighting that system software operates hardware while application software performs specific tasks. It discusses various operating systems, including Windows, MacOS, and Linux, and their characteristics, as well as the roles of utility software, memory managers, and device drivers. Additionally, it covers types of application software, patents, end-user license agreements, and programming languages with their respective compilers and interpreters.

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3 views3 pages

Section 5 IT

The document outlines the differences between application and system software, highlighting that system software operates hardware while application software performs specific tasks. It discusses various operating systems, including Windows, MacOS, and Linux, and their characteristics, as well as the roles of utility software, memory managers, and device drivers. Additionally, it covers types of application software, patents, end-user license agreements, and programming languages with their respective compilers and interpreters.

Uploaded by

ryanzhou0115
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Section 5

Application and System Software – System software is general-purpose software that is used to
operate computer hardware. Application software is specific-purpose software used to perform a
specific task.
Application Software – Consists of programs that perform tasks specific to the machine’s general
purpose.
Ex: Spreadsheet, web browser, accounting.
System Software – Provides the infrastructure needed to run application software, allowing it to
interface with the hardware of the computer system.
Ex: Microsoft Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, DOS.
Operating systems contain the user interface and the kernel of the operating system. Software
that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for
computer programs.
Three of the most common operating systems are Windows, Mac, and Linux.
Windows – Closed-source operating system. The company that owns the software can modify
the code.
MacOs – Closed-source and designed to only run on Apple hardware. Known for its media
editing and graphic rendering capabilities.
Linux – Open-source operating system software. Versions or flavors of Linux such as Mandrake,
Fedora, Ubuntu, Debian, and CentOS.
Utility software – Extends the capabilities of an operating system.
Kernel – Internal part of an operating system. Kernel contains the operating system components
that perform the basic functions required by the computer installation.
User interface – Allows users to communicate with the operating system. Command-line
interfaces (CLIs) user interface that communicates with end users through textual messages
using a keyboard and monitor.
Graphical user interfaces (GUIs) allow end users to issue commands through input devices such
as mouses, keyboards, or touch screens.
Windows –
 a backward slash (\) is used to express directory paths.
 Windows is not case sensitive when searching for files, which means capitalization is
irrelevant.
 Windows root directory is referred to by letter, commonly C drive; and
 The user’s home directory is found within C:\Users.

Linux –
 a forward slash (/) is used to express directory paths.
 Linux is case-sensitive.
 the root directory in Linux is expressed as a single forward slash; and
 most flavors of Linux place the home directory within the /home/.

Memory manager manages the system’s primary main memory.


Device drivers are also known as middleware – software that communicates with controllers or
other peripheral devices.
Productivity software is used to complete tasks such as writing documents, managing personal
information, giving presentations, and storing data.
Collaboration software – helps people communicate and work with one another, and helps
computers share information.
Specialized software performs tasks for specific purposes.
Three categories of application software:
Bespoke – Custom made for an org. High.
Off-the-shelf – Broad range for users. Low.
Hybrid – Broad range for an org. Mid.
Two types of patents on hardware:
Utility – How an article is used.
Design patents – How an article looks.
End-User License Agreement (EULA) grants permission for software use and defines the terms
and conditions of that use during installation.

Common high-level programming language compilers: Java, C++, C#. Also includes
Go/GoLang, Visual Basic .Net.
Cons: Needs to fix errors before running.
Interpreters translate and execute source code into machine lang.
Common Interpreters are Python, PHP, Javascript, and Ruby. Also includes Perl, TCL.
Pros: Can run one line at a time.

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