The Cristo Rey Regional High School, Inc.

Malibago, Saint Bernard, Southern Leyte

S.Y. 2021-2022

QUARTER
SIMPLIFIED LEARNING MODULE IN
MUSIC 8 1
Module 1

Name: Score:

Year & Section: Date: August 23-September

6, 2021

UNIT 1: Music of Southeast Asia

TOPICS:
Lesson 1: Music of Indonesia
Lesson 2: Music of Thailand
Lesson 3: Music of Cambodia and Myanmar

OBJECTIVES

The learner demonstrates understanding common musical characteristics

of the region as well as unique characteristics of a particular Southeast
Asian country.

The learner performs Southeast Asian songs with appropriate pitch,

rhythm, expression and style.
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The learner…
 listens perceptively to music of Southeast Asia (MU8SE-Ia-h-2) and
 analyzes the music elements of selected songs and instrumental pieces
heard and performed (MU8SE-Ib-h-4)
 explores ways of producing sounds on a variety of sources that would
simulate instruments being studied; MU8SE-Ic-h-5
 improvises simple accompaniment to selected Southeast Asian music;
MU8SE-Ic-h-6
 performs on available instruments from Southeast Asia; MU8SE-Ic-h-7
 evaluates music and music performances applying knowledge of musical
elements and style. MU8SE-Ic-h-8

At the end of this module, you should be able to:

 identifies the musical instruments and other sound sources from the
music of Southeast Asia;
 describes and analyzes the musical characteristics of representative
music selections from the music of Southeast Asia;
 reflect the importance of music from the music of Southeast Asia; and
 listens perceptively to the music of Southeast Asia with improvise simple
rhythmic/melodic accompaniments after exploring ways of producing
sound and evaluating music performances.

How do you describe the elements of music of Southeast Asia?

What is instrumental ensemble for you?
What are the traits of an instrumental ensemble musician?

Miranda et. al. MAPEH for Today’s Learner 8 (Teacher’s Wraparound Edition.
Phoenix Publishing House Inc., 2017. pp. 3-10.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c1AiCTJ9t8g (The Gamelan Ensemble)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p3HwqqiVxbE (Javanese Gamelan Ensemble
– Pilog barang/Singa nebah “The Pouncing Lion”
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qIq8LNbYKT8 (Balinese Gamelan Orchestra)

Teacher’s-made Learning Module

Gadgets (cellphone / laptop / tablet )
Speaker
Pen and paper

This unit discusses the unique and common musical

characteristics of Southeast Asian countries like Indonesia, Thailand,
Cambodia, and Myanmar. These countries have gained influences
with each other through music. They have commonalities in terms of
the musical instruments and the orchestra as well as their uses and
functions as part of their cultures and traditions.

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 MODULAR MAP
Here is a simple map of the lessons that will be covered in this module.

Music of Southeast Asia

Music of Indonesia

Vocal Form
Music of Thailand
Instrumental Music

Music of Cambodia nad Myanmar

Figure 1. Lesson 1 Bird’s Eye View

Hello young learner!... How are you today?

How was your vacation? Did you spend it well?
Anyway, WELCOME to school year 2021-
2022… It’s another great year to learn new things,
discover new skills and enhance new talents.
In this subject, your musical skills will be
developed and strengthen. Are you ready?
Let’s go!... 

Now, wouldn’t it be fun to know the

different types of instruments? Where do these
instruments belong? What are there classifications?
Below is a simple recall activity you need to
answer before going to the lesson proper.

Music of Indonesia
LEARNING ACTIVITIES

ACTIVITY: Eliciting Prior

Direction: List down at least 5 musical instruments that belong to the group.

Chordophone Idiophone
(string instruments) (percussion instruments)

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 Aerophone
(wind instruments)

When you travel especially in a foreign country, you need to have

an idea about their culture. You need to know what kind of food they have,
their mode of transportation, type of clothes to wear, important sights or
places to visit, the religion, music, and so many other things.
One way of learning culture is through their music. Are you ready
to learn Southeast Asian culture through music?
Let’s start!

LESSON FOCUS

The Indonesians have a very rich form of music and functioning in varied means of their lives.
Their music is one of the most ancient in Asia and is divided into two major parts, the Javanese and the
Balinese music. These two divisions have their own musical identity but are similar in some ways. One of
these similarities is their instrumental ensemble – the gamelan.

INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC
Gamelan Ensemble
 Indonesian’s most popular and well-known form of music
 traditional orchestra
 largest and most varied gong ensemble
 “Gamelan” came from the Javanese words gammel (hammer) and Balinese gambeli (to
play musically)
 Java - music is usually used for court ceremonies
- More on percussion instruments that produce solemn characteristics
 Bali - used in sacred music
- percussion instruments are more on metallophones and gongs with some
auxiliary instruments like cymbals producing very brilliant sounds with a variety
of expressive music elements.
 Java and Bali have almost the same gongs, but
vary only in the physical designs of the maker. Metallophones are tuned
 This orchestra consists of pitched percussion metal bars.
instruments of metallophones, Membranophones are
membranophones, gongs and spike fiddles. drums covered with animal
 It also includes bamboo flutes. skin.
 number of players ranges from 30 to 50
members
 players sit on the floor barefoot when playing the
instruments
 major function of gamelan is to accompany songs, dances and shadow plays that usually
performed in courts and temples during rituals and festivities
 Gamelan orchestra is believed to be sacred and has supernatural powers.
 musicians give respect to the instruments by bowing before playing (stepping over the
instrument is considered a sign of disrespect

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 ACTIVITY: Instruments of
Direction: Write on the space provided whether the following instruments of Indonesia are
CHORDOPHONE, IDIOPHONE, AEROPHONE, and MEMBRANOPHONE.

1.
2. 3.

4.
5. 6.

7. 8.
9.

10. 11. 12.

13. 14. 15.

16. 17. 18.

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 VOCAL FORM
Vocal music is used as ornamentation of the gamelan. There are singers who accompany
gamelan. Terms are used to distinguish the singers. Pasidhen is a female soloist and Gerong is a group of
male chorus. Both vocals and gamelan have the same importance in the Indonesian cultures and
traditions.

Please search and listen to the song entitled:

Burung Kakatua (Indonesian Folk Song)

Familiarize and sing along with the music. 

Search link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=boUiiuFOCcA

ACTIVITY: Instrument

Direction: Search the link below and listen to Gamelan orchestra. After listening, describe Gamelan
by answering the following questions.

The Gamelan Ensemble Link - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c1AiCTJ9t8g

1) After listening to Gamelan orchestra, what have you observed to the sound of each instrument
being played by the musicians?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

2) How did the musicians play each instrument? Does every instrument have the same sound? Yes
or no? Why?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

Bravo!...
After recognizing the music of Indonesia, let’s check our
bucket list for the music of Thailand. Let’s go travel and explore the
musical wonders of the Land of Free.

Before we formally begin our lesson, let’s find out if you

know something about the music of Thailand. Answer first the few
activities that will assess what you know, what you can do, and what
else you need to learn to achieve your targets for this module.
Let’s get started!... 

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 Music of
LEARNING ACTIVITIES

ACTIVITY: Eliciting Prior

Direction: Listen to the Thai folk song entitled, “Loi Loi Gratong.” After listening, describe and
get the message of the song through a sketch or drawing. Search the link below.

Link: Thai Version - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mFBRFls3ijg

English Version - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GNJWizHWMxc

Rubrics: Song/Theme relevance - 3

Creativity - 3
Aesthetic Valuing - 2
Cleanliness - 2
10 points

LESSON FOCUS

Formerly known as Siam, Thailand is known for being the sole nation in Southeast Asia that has
never been ruled by a Western power. It is for this reason that the country is also called “Muang Thai”,
which means “Land of the Free.” History and geography indicates that Thai music is a conglomeration of
Asian influences. Its musical principles and elements are basically derived from Chinese music, while its
musical instruments are inspired from the Indian and Indonesian strings and 27 gong-chimes. The Thais
combined and adapted these to their culture and created their own unique music.

There are three kinds of instrumental ensemble in Thailand. Each has its own composition of
music instruments.

INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC

This is a mid-sized orchestra that is used to perform in funerals,

Piphat Ensemble cremation, traditional dance drama, and shadow puppet theater
performances. The type of mallets to be used in a performance are
very important; hard mallets for outdoor and padded mallets for
indoor. The materials used for the mallets give a unique sound when
struck with a drum instrument. There are also wind instruments in this
ensemble.
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 Pi-nai – woodwind instrument Ranat ek - xylophone

Khong wong – gong

 Khong wong lek
– 16 tuned gongs
 Khong wong yai
– 18 tuned gongs

Taphon – drum (hand) Klong that – drum (stick)

Ching - cymbals

Mahori Ensemble This is a small ensemble of woman musicians who perform in the
court of Central Thailand and Cambodia. This usually consists of nine
to eleven instruments only. This is composed of strings and percussion
instruments.

Ranat ek - xylophones Chake - zither

Khong wong – gong

 Khong wong lek
– 16 tuned gongs
 Khong wong yai
– 18 tuned gongs

Saw sam sai – bowed string So duang - fiddle

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 Thon – goblet-drum Rammana – small frame drum

Khruang sai Ensemble

Winds and percussion instruments of the Piphat ensemble are
combined in this ensemble with some string instruments. This group
plays in indoor performances and accompanies stick-puppet theater
presentations.

Chakhe - zither Saw duang – two-

stringed fiddle

Saw sam sai – bowed

string

Khlui phiang – flute

 Khlui phiang aw – most
popular flute
 Khlui lib – smallest flute
 Khlui u – largest flute

Watch how the musicians in different ensembles played each instrument.

Here are the links …

Piphat Ensemble: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bi5RyepygCo

Mahori Ensemble: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iochOciICDo
Khruang sai Ensemble: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uG84h4NXQpY

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 VOCAL MUSIC
Metallophones are tuned
Thai music is in pentatonic scale, a five-note composition. This is metal bars.
usually in seven tones but the fourth and the fifth are usually omitted.
This is commonly in duple meter. The music composition is obviously Membranophones are
recognized as Thai music simply because of the accented upbeat and is drums covered with animal
played by an instrument named ching. skin.

Please search and listen to the song entitled:

Loi Loi Gratong (Thai Folk Song)

Familiarize and sing along with the music.

Link: Thai Version - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mFBRFls3ijg
English Version - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GNJWizHWMxc

ACTIVITY: Instrumental Listening

B
Direction: Search the link below and listen to Piphat ensemble. After listening, describe Piphat
ensemble by answering the following questions.

The Piphat Ensemble Link - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bi5RyepygCo

1) After listening to Piphat ensemble, what have you observed to the sound of each instrument
being played by the musicians?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
2) What do you think is the acoustic effect of the composition of the different instruments assigned
per ensemble?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

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 Music of Cambodia and
Myanmar

Cambodia and Myanmar have a lot of similarities in the musical instruments and its
characteristics and functions with some countries in Southeast Asia. Let us see the similarities they have
in common.

LESSON FOCUS

MUSIC OF CAMBODIA
Cambodia is one of the most beautiful countries in Southeast Asia. It is also known as
Kâmpŭchéa. It was the center of the Khmer (Cambodian) kingdom of Angkor, a great empire that
dominated Southeast Asia for 600 years. Their music gained a world-wide reputation in the 1960s until
the dramatic political problems in Cambodia.
Its music flourished in both village and court settings, some associated with specific functions
and entertainment.

Vocal Form
There are different kinds of music used
for different activities in the villages of
Cambodia.
 Kar music is used in the
celebrations of weddings.
 Arakk music accompanies the
rituals during communications
with spirits.
 Ayai repartee singing for some
entertainment.
 Yike and Basak or Lakhon
bassac for theater
performances. Angkor Wat

Varied activities are also done inside the court. There are dances, masked plays, shadow plays, and
religious ceremonies accompanied by different ensembles of musicians.

Instrumental Music
Pinpeat Ensemble
- is an orchestra that accompanies the different royal activities of the courts and
temples in Cambodia like religious ceremonies, court dances, masked and
shadow pays
- has similarities with the Thai Piphat ensemble which consists of nine to ten
musical instruments.
- Its musical expression emphasizes gong ensembles, drum ensembles, and free-
reed mouth organs with gourd wind chests.

Please search and listen to Pinpeat Ensemble.

Pin peat of the Royal Court of Cambodia at Angkor Wat temple

Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xIv7yqiyeeI

Piphat Ensemble consists of the following instruments:

 Samphor – double-headed drum played
by using hands

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  Roneat – xylophone
o Roneat ek – small xylophone
o Roneat thung – big xylophone

 Ching – pair of finger cymbals

 Skor thom – pair of contrasting drums

played by using wooden beaters

 Kong vong toch – set of gongs in circular formation

 Chamrieng – the vocals

Cambodian instruments and vocal functions have similarities with other countries’ ensembles.
For example, the Mahori ensemble of Thailand accompanies entertainment activities in the Cambodian
court; the inclusion of choruses with the large orchestra of Java, Indonesia; and some are adopted and
absorbed from Chinese, European, and Indian influences.

MUSIC OF MYANMAR

Myanmar was known as Burma until

1989. The country’s name was officially
changed by the military government that took
over in 1988. Early civilization in Myanmar
dates back to the 1st century with
archaeological evidences of the Pyu Kingdoms
of Thayekhittaya (Sri Ksetra), Beithano (Visnu),
and Hanlin.
The music of Myanmar (or Burma) has
similarities with many other musical traditions
in the region, including Chinese music and
Thai music, probably because its longest land
border is shared with China. Schwedago

Vocal Form
The Hsaing Waing is Myanmar’s traditional folk music ensemble. It is made up mainly of
different gongs and drums as well as other instruments depending on the nature of the performance.
Myanmar’s musical instruments are categorized into two types, the loud sounding and soft
sounding. The loud sounding instruments are performed in open-air ensembles at ceremonies and
festivals. Most of the Hsaing Waing instruments belong to the loud sounding category.

Folk Music
Myanmar has an extensive collection of classical songs called Mahagita. These songs are divided
into different types from the oldest repertoire like: royal court music, worship and horses’ dance songs,
and songs of longing and sorrow. The saung usually accompanies these songs.
They also have a variety of folk music. Byaw is a distinct form often played at religious festivals
and is sung to the beat of a long and thin drum.

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 Instrumental Music

Sidaw Ensemble Instruments

 Gandama – double-headed drum
played by using hands

 Si – bell Wa – clapper

 Sidaw – two big drums hung side by side on

a beam (known as royal drum)

Saung Ensemble Instruments

 Saung – an arched harp (known as the national
musical instruments of Myanmar)

 Pattala – xylophone tuned similar to the

diatonic scale

 Mi gyaung – a crocodile-shaped fretted, plucked zither with three strings

- similar to Thai chake, Cambodian takhe, and Mon kyam

 Palwei – flute Tayaw – fiddle

 Hnyin – small mouth organ

Were you able to identify the differences of Vocal music and

Instrumental music? Vocal music is music made specifically for voices. It may be
performed with or without instruments while Instrumental music is made solely
for instruments. In the next activity, you will find out if your answer above is
correct.

Watch and observe how musicians played each instrument.

Here are the links…
Sidaw Ensemble: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TGtQDTHx2fk
Saung Instrument: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GW1dXuVYyRA

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 Values/Subject Integration

Musical instruments have various purposes. One of which is for accompaniment in

religious activities such as rituals and liturgical gatherings. On the other hand, musical
instruments are mostly made from nature such as bamboo, wood and animal skin. How would
you picture out rituals and mass/liturgical activities if the religious sector will not allow people to
make instruments made from nature?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

Rubrics:
Content relevance -3
Organization of ideas -3
Sentence structure -2
Word choice -2
10 points

Congratulations!... You did

it!
Module 1 completed. Prepare yourself
for the next module in Arts.

Student’s Signature: _________________

Parent’s/Guardian’s Signature: _________________
Date Finished: _________________

Prepared by:
For more information and queries please contact:
AILYN E. ALINDAO
FB account: Ailyn Eleccion Alindao
Subject Teacher
Cell #: 09971907401/09631925809

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