Private and Boarding School’s Organization- Kavre

Third Terminal Examination- 2081

Subject: Optional I (Maths) Maximum Marks: 75
Class: X Time: 3 hrs
Candidates can answer in their own words as far as practicable. Credit can be given to originality, not to
role-learning. We should provide marks to the alternative/relevant method solved by students.
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Group: A [10 × 1= 10]

1. What is the minimum value of y = sin x? Write it.

Ans: -1

2. If 'G' is the geometric mean between 'a' and 'b', write the relation between a, b and G.

Ans: 𝐺 = √𝑎𝑏

3. Write the interval notation for " − 5 ≤ 𝑥 < 3" .

Ans: [-5, 3)

4. Write down the relationship between matrix P and Q if PQ = QP = I, where I is an identity matrix.

Ans: P and Q are inverse of each other.

5. State the condition in which a pair of straight lines represented by the equation ax 2 + 2hxy + by2 = 0 are
coincident to each other.

Ans: h2 = ab

6. Which conic will be formed if a plane intersect a right cone parallel to its generator?

Ans: Parabola

7. Express sin 2A in term of tan A.

Ans: sin 2𝐴 =

8. If sin θ = cos θ, what is the acute value of θ.

Ans: sin θ = cos θ sin θ = sin (90° − θ) θ = 90° − θ θ = 45°

9. From the information given in the figure, write the formula to calculate the value of 𝜃.

⃗. ⃗
Ans: 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 = | ⃗|| |

10. R1 represents reflection on X-axis and R2 represents reflection on Y-axis, then which single transformation
does the combined transformation R1oR2 represent? Write it.

Ans.: Rotation through half turn about origin.

 Group: B [8×2 = 16]

11. If x - 3 is a factor of polynomial p(x) = x3 + 4x2 + kx – 30, find the value of k.

Ans: since (x - 3) is factor of polynomial p(x).

p(3) = 0 [1 mark]

33 + 4.32 + k.3 – 30 = 0

k = -11 [1 mark]

12. Find the vertex of a parabola formed from y = 4x2 - 3. Also find the equation of line of symmetry.

Soln : Comparing y = 4x2 - 3 with y = ax2 + bx + c

𝑎 = 4, 𝑏 = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐 = −3
. .( )
Vertex = , = , = (0, -3) [1 mark]
. .

Equation of line of symmetry is:

x= x=0 [1 mark]

13. If the equations 4x + 5y = 21 and 6x - 2y = 13 are given then find the value of D 1 and D2.

21 5
Soln : D1 = = - 42 - 65 = - 107 [1 mark]
13 −2
4 21
D2 = = - 52 - 126 = - 178 [1 mark]
6 13

14. If the lines with equations 3x + py = 5 and + = 1 are parallel to each other. Find the value of p.

Soln : Slope of the line 3x + py = 5 is m1 =

Slope of the line + = 1 is m2 = [1 mark]

We have, m1 = m2 [Since, the lines are parallel]

p=2 [1 mark]

15. Prove that: sin 51º + cos 81º - cos 21º = 0

Soln : LHS = sin 51º + cos 81º - cos 21º = 𝑠𝑖𝑛51° − 2𝑠𝑖𝑛 . 𝑠𝑖𝑛

= 𝑠𝑖𝑛51° − 2𝑠𝑖𝑛51° . 𝑠𝑖𝑛30° [1 mark]

= 𝑠𝑖𝑛51° − 2𝑠𝑖𝑛51° .

= 𝑠𝑖𝑛51° − 𝑠𝑖𝑛51° =0 = RHS Proved [1 mark]

16. Solve: 2 cos2α = 3 sin α [0° ≤ 𝛼 ≤ 180°]

Soln : 2 (1 - sin2α) = 3 sin α 2 sin2α + 3 sinα – 2 = 0

2 sin2α + 4 sinα - sinα – 2 = 0 2 sinα (sinα + 2) – 1 (sinα + 2) = 0

(2 sinα - 1) (sinα + 2) = 0 [1 mark]

Either, (2 sinα - 1) = 0 or, (sinα + 2) = 0

Sinα = sinα = -2 (Invalid)

𝛼 = 30°, 150° [1 mark]

17. Two vectors 𝑝⃗ = 𝑚𝚤⃗ + 8𝚥⃗ and 𝑞⃗ = 4𝚤⃗ − 3𝚥⃗ are orthogonal to each other, find the value of m.

Soln : We have, 𝑝⃗ = 𝑚𝚤⃗ + 8𝚥⃗ and 𝑞⃗ = 4𝚤⃗ − 3𝚥⃗ are orthogonal

So, 𝑝⃗. 𝑞⃗ = 0 [1 mark]

m.4 + 8.-3 = 0

m=6 [1 mark]

18. In a continuous data, the value of first quartile is two times of the value of quartile deviation. Find the
coefficient of quartile deviation.

Soln : 𝑄 = 2 𝑄𝐷 𝑄 = 2. ( )

𝑄 =𝑄 − 𝑄 𝑄 =2𝑄 [1 mark]

Coefficient of QD =

= = = [1 mark]

Group: C [11 × 3= 33]

19. If 𝑓: 𝑥 → 2𝑥 − 3 and f-1g(x)= then find g(x) and gg(2).

Soln : f(x) = 2x – 3

f-1(x) = [1 mark]

( )
We have, f-1g(x)= = g(x) = [1 mark]

Then, gg(2) = g( ) = g( ) = = [1 mark]

20. In a class, the Maths teacher Pravin sir asks every student to write an example of sequence. Two students
Prakriti and Kritika writes sequence as 3, 6, 12, 24, ............... and 5, 8, 11, 14, .............. respectively.
Answer the following questions on the basis of these sequence.

a) State the type of sequence written by Prakriti and Kritika.

= Sequence written by Prakriti is geometric sequence.

Sequence written by Kritika is arithmetic sequence. [1 mark]

b) Find the 10th term of progression written by Prakriti.

Soln : t10 = ar9 = 3. 29 = 1536 [1 mark]

c) Find the sum of first 15 terms of progression written by Kritika.

Soln : 𝑆 = {2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑}

𝑆 = {2.5 + (15 − 1). 3} = 390 [1 mark]

7x − 2 , 𝑥 < 3
21. A function f(x) is given as f(x) = 5 , 𝑥=3
6𝑥 + 1 , 𝑥 > 3

Examine the continuity of the above function f(x) at x = 3.

Soln : i) For Left hand limit of f(x) at x = 3

f (2.9) = 7 × 2.9 - 2 = 18.3
f (2.99) = 7 × 2.99 - 2 = 18.93
lim 𝑓(𝑥) = lim (7𝑥 − 2) = 19
→ →

ii) For Right hand limit of f(x) at x = 3

f (3.1) = 6 × 3.1+ 1 = 19.6
f (3.01) = 6 × 3.01 + 1 = 19.06
lim 𝑓(𝑥) = lim (6𝑥 + 1) = 19 [1.5 mark]
→ →

iii) Functional value of f(x) at x = 3 is f (3) = 5 [0.5 mark]

iv) Since, lim 𝑓(𝑥) = lim 𝑓(𝑥) ≠ f (3)
→ →

∴ So, the function f(x) is not continuous at x = 3. [1 mark]

22. Solve by matrix method : + =7 ; 6𝑦 − 𝑥 = 2𝑥𝑦

Soln : We have, + =7 ........ (eqn i) - =2 ........ (eqn ii)

 8 3 𝑥 7
In matrix form, 𝑦 = 2
6 −1

8 3 7
Let, 𝐴 = ,𝑋= and B=
6 −1 2

We've, AX = B So, X = A-1B

Now, |𝐴| = 8 × (−1) − 6 × 3 = −26
−1 −3
A-1 = | | 𝐴𝑑𝑗. 𝑜𝑓 𝐴 =
−6 8
−1 −3 7
Again, X = A-1B =
−6 8 2

−13
= =
−26 1

x=2 y=1

23. Find the equation of a circle which passes through the point (3, 4) and having diameters with equation x
+ y = 14 and 2x - y = 4.

Soln : Eqn of diameters are, x + y = 14 and 2x - y = 4

Solving them (x, y) = (6, 8)

Centre (h, k) = (6, 8) [1 mark]

Passing point = (3, 4)

Radius (r) = (6 − 3) + (8 − 4) = 5 units [1 mark]

Equation of circle is,

(x - h)2 + (y - k)2 = r2
(x - 6)2 + (y - 8)2 = 52
∴ x2 + y2 - 12x - 16y + 75 = 0 [1 mark]

( )
24. Prove that: = ( )
= 𝑡𝑎𝑛 . 𝑐𝑜𝑡

( )
LHS = ( )

{ ( )} ( ) .
= { ( )} ( )
= [1 mark]
.

( )
= = [1 mark]
( )
 .
= = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 . 𝑐𝑜𝑡 [1 mark]
.

25. If A, B and C are three angles of a triangle, then prove that:

Sin A + Sin B - Sin C = 4 𝑆𝑖𝑛 . 𝑆𝑖𝑛 . 𝐶𝑜𝑠

Soln : Here, A + B + C = 180° + = 90° −

𝑆𝑖𝑛 + = Cos 𝐶𝑜𝑠 + = Sin

L.H.S. = sin 𝐴 + sin 𝐵 − sin 𝐶

= 2 sin + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 − – sin C [1 mark]

= 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 . 𝑐𝑜𝑠 − - 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛 . cos

= cos [ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 − - ] [1 mark]

= 𝑐𝑜𝑠 [𝑐𝑜𝑠 − - c𝑜𝑠 + ]

= 1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 . 2𝑠𝑖𝑛 . 𝑠𝑖𝑛

= 4 𝑆𝑖𝑛 . 𝑆𝑖𝑛 . 𝐶𝑜𝑠 [1 mark]

= R.H.S. Proved

26. A boat is being rowed away from a cliff 150 m high. At the top of the cliff, the angle of
depression of the boat changes from 60º to 45º in two minutes. Find the speed of the boat.
A E
Soln : 60 o
45o
Let,
Height of the cliff = AB = 150 m
Distance travelled by boat = CD 150 m
Angle of dep. at C = < 𝐸𝐴𝐶 = 60°
Angle of dep. at D = < 𝐸𝐴𝐷 = 45° = < 𝐴𝐷𝐵
60o 45o
We have, < 𝐴𝐶𝐵 = < 𝐸𝐴𝐶 = 60° and < 𝐴𝐷𝐵 = < 𝐸𝐴𝐷 = 45° B C D
Now, In right angled triangle ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶,

𝑡𝑎𝑛 60° = √3 = 𝐵𝐶 = 86.6

Similarly, In right angled triangle ∆𝐴𝐵𝐷 ,

𝑇𝑎𝑛 45° = 1= 𝐵𝐷 = 150

Then, Distance travel = CD = BD – BC = 150 – 86.6 = 63.4 m

Time taken = 2 min = 120 sec
.
𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 = = = 0.52 𝑚/𝑠
27. The equation of an inversion circle is x2 + y2 - 4x - 6y - 7 = 0. Find the inversion point of P(4, 5) with
respect to the circle. Also show the inversion circle, object and image on a same graph paper.

Soln : Here, The equation of inversion circle is x2 + y2 - 4x - 6y - 7 = 0.

Comparing it with Eqn of circle x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0
We get, g = -2 , f=-3, c = -7
Whose, Centre (h , k) = (-g , -f) = (2 , 3)
Radius (r) = 𝑔 + 𝑓 − 𝑐 = √4 + 9 + 7 = √20 units [1 mark]
Now, Coordinate of Inversion point is given by,
[ (h, k), r ] ( ) ( )
P(x, y) P' +ℎ, +𝑘
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
[ (2, 3), 20 ] ( ) ( )
P(4, 5) P' ( ) ( )
+2, ( ) ( )
+ 3 = P'(7, 8) [1 mark]

Showing in the graph, [1 mark]

28. Compute the mean deviation from median of following data.

Marks 0 - 10 0 - 20 0 - 30 0 - 40 0 - 50

No. of students 2 5 11 16 20

Calculation of Mean Deviation using median,

X m f cf md |𝒎 − 𝒎𝒅| 𝒇|𝒎 − 𝒎𝒅|
0 -10 5 2 2 23.3 46.6
10 - 20 15 3 5 13.3 39.9
20 - 30 25 6 11 28.3 3.3 19.8
30 - 40 35 5 16 6.7 33.5
40 - 50 45 4 20 16.7 66.8
N = 20 ∑ 𝒇|𝒎 − 𝒎𝒅| = 206.6
For correct table .............................. [1 mark]

Now, Position of median = 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚 = 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚 = 10th term

Class Interval for median = (20 - 30)

So, median (md) = 𝐿 + × 𝑖 = 20 + × 10 = 28.3 [1 mark]

∑ | | .
Also, Mean Deviation (M.D.) = = = 10.33 [1 mark]
29. Compute standard deviation from the following data by constructing a frequency table with one class
interval (0 - 4). 1, 3, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16
Soln : Calculation of Standard Deviation from direct method,

X m f fm 𝒎𝟐 𝒇𝒎𝟐
0- 4 2 3 6 4 12
4-8 6 4 24 36 144
8-12 10 3 30 100 300
12-16 14 4 56 196 784
16-20 18 1 18 324 324
N = 15 𝑓𝑚 = 134 𝑓𝑚 = 1564

For correct table .............................................. [1 mark]

∑
Now, 𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛 (X) = = = 8.93 [1 mark]

∑ ∑
Standard Deviation (𝜎)= − = − = 4.95 [1 mark]

Group: D [4 × 4 = 16]

30. Maximize the objective function Z = 10x + 7y under the following constraints.

𝑥 + 2𝑦 ≤ 7 , 𝑥 − 𝑦 ≥ 4 , 𝑥 ≥ 0 , 𝑦 ≥ 0

Soln : For 1st ineqn, 𝑥 + 2𝑦 ≤ 7 For 2nd ineqn, , 𝑥 − 𝑦 ≥ 4

The boundary line is x + 2y = 7 The boundary line is x - y = 4
x 1 5 x 4 1
y 3 1 y 0 -3

Taking testing point (0, 0) Taking testing point (0, 0)

0 + 2.0 ≤ 7 0 ≤ 7 (True) 0−0 ≥4 0 ≥ 4 (False)
Half plane contains testing point. Half plane doesn't contain test point.
3rd ineqn 𝑥 ≥ 0 and 4th ineqn 𝑦 ≥ 0 represents the region of first quadrant.
[Drawing graph for inequalities : 1 + 1 = 2 marks]
Vertices of feasible region are (5, 1), (4, 0) and (7, 0) [1 mark]
To find minimum value,
Vertices Value of O.F. Result
Z = 10x + 7y
A (5, 1) 10 × 5 + 7 × 1 = 57
B (4, 0) 10 × 4 + 7 × 0 = 40
C (7, 0) 10 × 7 + 7 × 0 = 70 Maximum
The maximum value is 70 at (7, 0). [1 mark]
31. Find the angle between pair of straight lines represented by the equation 6x2 - xy - y2 = 0. Also find the
separate equations of pair of straight lines represented by it.

Here, Given eqn is 6x2 - xy - y2 = 0

Comparing it with ax2 + 2hxy + by2 = 0

a=6 h=− b = -1

√
Now, 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 = ± [1 mark]

( ) .( )
𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 = ±

𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 = ± 1

𝜃 = 45°, 135° [1 mark]

Again, 6x2 - xy - y2 = 0 6x2 – 3xy + 2xy - y2 = 0

3x(2x - y) + y(2x - y) = 0 (2x - y)(3x + y) = 0 [1 mark]

Req. separate equations are 2x – y = 0 & 3x + y = 0 [1 mark]

32. Prove by vector method that diagonals LV and OE of a rectangle LOVE are equal to each other.

Here, LOVE is a rectangle, LV and OE are its diagonals. E V

To prove : LV = OE [1 mark]

Now, 𝐿𝑉⃗ = 𝐿𝑂⃗ + 𝑂𝑉⃗ [Law of Vector addition] L O

𝐿𝑉⃗ = 𝐿𝑂⃗ + 2 𝐿𝑂⃗. 𝑂𝑉⃗ + 𝑂𝑉⃗

LV2 = LO2 + 2. 0 + OV2 [ LO ┴ OV]

LV2 = OL2 + OV2 .................... (i) [1 mark]

Similarly,

𝑂𝐸⃗ = 𝑂𝑉⃗ + 𝑉𝐸⃗ [Law of Vector addition]

𝑂𝐸⃗ = 𝑂𝑉⃗ + 2 𝑂𝑉⃗ . 𝑉𝐸⃗ + 𝑉𝐸⃗

OE2 = OV2 + 2. 0 + VE2 [ OV ┴ VE]

OE2 = OV2 + LO2 [OV = LO]

OE2 = OL2 + OV2 .................... (ii) [1 mark]

From reln (i) and (ii), LV2 = OE2

Hence, LV = OE Proved. [1 mark]

33. Prove by matrix method that the reflection on X- axis followed by rotation through −90° about origin is
equivalent to the reflection about the line x + y = 0.

Soln :
1 0
Matrix representing reflection on X-axis is .................................... [1 mark]
0 −1
0 1
Matrix representing rotation through −90° about origin is ..................... [1 mark]
−1 0
As we know,
Matrix representing combination of these two transformation is,
0 1 1 0
TM =
−1 0 0 −1
0 −1
= [1 mark]
−1 0
The matrix so obtained represents reflection about the line x + y = 0. [1 mark]
Proved

The End