PHILIPPINE AGRARIAN REFORM Section 4

- It says that there is 50 million pesos allotted for

agriculture every year
AGRARIAN REFORM EFFORTS UNDER MARCOS
R.A. 6389
Ferdinand Marcos Sr.
- President Marcos signed this in Sept. 10. 1971.
- His full name is Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralin - Known as the Code of Agrarian Reforms of the
Marcos Sr. Philippines
- Born on September 11, 1917 - Created a Department of Agrarian Reform
- Died on September 28, 1989 in Honolulu, (DAR) with the authority and responsibility to
Hawaii, United States implement the policies of the State on agrarian
- Former President from December 30, 1965 to reform.
February 25, 1986 - This act strengthens the position of the farmers
and expanded the scope of agrarian reform
- DAR was created to ensure an equal land
LOOK BACK
distribution and ownership, so that the tillers of
Manuel L. Quezon the land will improve their quality of life
- The chapter three (3) of this act mainly focuses
- 50-50 percent tenant-landlord relationship on the DAR

Manuel A. Roxas
P.D. No. 2 s. 1972
- 70-30 percent landlord-tenant relationship
- Signed by Marcos in September 26, 1972
Ramon Magsaysay - This act is PROCLAIMING THE ENTIRE COUNTRY
AS A LAND REFORM AREA
- Distribution of rice and corn lands over 200
hectares to farmers and 600 to corporations - Land reform areas enjoyed all agencies and
offices of the government to extend full
Diosdado Macapagal cooperation and assistance to the DAR.
- It is implemented because Marcos believes that
- R.A 3844 Agricultural Land Reform Code, the objectives of the land reform will be
distribution of land to farmers on easy term of realized if the whole country will be declared a
payment land reform area.
- This was signed in the City of Manila
MARCOS’ EFFORTS IN AGRARIAN REFORM

R.A. 6390 P.D No. 27 s. 1972

- An Act to accelerate implementation of the - Also known as Tenant Emancipation Decree

Agrarian Reform Program - Marcos signed this on October 21, 1972.
- Signed in the City of Manila
R.A. 6389 - The historic document broke the "silence of the
- Created the Department of Agrarian Reform century".
- The landowner may retain an area of not more
P.D No. 2 s. 1972 than seven (7) hectares.
- The tenant farmer, shall be deemed owner of a
- Declared the country under land reform portion constituting a family-size farm of five
program. (5) hectares if not irrigated and three (3)
P.D No. 27 s. 1972 hectares if irrigated.
- Its main goal is the Operation Land Transfer
- Act of freeing tenants from the bondage of  Issuing and distributing certificates of
landlords land transfer and transferring titles to
farmer tenants. The certificate is not
deed or title to the land but merely
R.A 6390
verifies that the tenant is the tiller of
- An act to accelerate the implementation of the the land that he claims to be
Agrarian Reform Program cultivating.
- It funds the agrarian reform program - This Decree was written by Marcos in his own
- The agrarian reform program redistributes the handwriting
lands to the landless peasants in the form of - It did not succeed because of the inherent
small holdings. limitations of the law in actually giving lands to
the farmers, PD 27 ultimately failed in giving
September 10, 1971 social justice to the poor peasants. It thus
- The date that this act was signed by President comes as no surprise that they commemorate
Marcos. the event with a series of protests and long
marches to Mendiola.
Composition

- This act is composed of 24 sections

POST-1986 AGRARIAN REFORM

Agrarian Reform

- the redistribution of lands, regardless of crops

or fruits produced to farmers and regular
farmworkers who are landless
CARP (COMPREHENSIVE AGRARIAN REFORM
PROGRAM)
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Agrarian Reform in the Philippines
- The overthrow of Marcos and the 1987
Constitution resulted in a renewed interest and - seeks to solve the centuriesold problems of
attention to agrarian reform as President landlessness in rural areas
Corazon Aquino envisioned agrarian reform as CARP
the centerpiece of her administration's social
legislation, which proved difficult because her - Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program
background betrayed, her. - It is a social justice government program
initiative that aims to grant landless farmers
- On 22 July 1987, Aquino issued Presidential and farm workers ownership of agricultural
Proclamation 131 and Executive Order 229, lands.
which outlined her land reform program in - Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program
1988, the Congress passed Republic Act No. Extension with Reforms
6657 or the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform - It is the amendatory law that extended then
Law (CARL), which introduced the program with deadline of CARP to five more years
the same name (Comprehensive Agrarian
Reform Program or CARP) The new deadline of CARP expired in 2008, leaving
1.2 million farmer beneficiaries and 1.6 million
hectares of agricultural land to be distributed to
- CARP was limited because it accomplished very
farmers.
little during the administration of Aquino. it
only accomplished 22.5% of land distribution in 2008. The new deadline of CARP expired in 2008,
six years owing to the fact that Congress, leaving 1.2 million farmer beneficiaries and 1.6 million
dominated by the landed elite, was unwilling to hectares of agricultural land to be distributed to
fund the high compensation cost of the farmers.
program.
2009. President Arroyo signed Republic Act No.
- under the term of President Ramos, CARP 9700 or the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program
implementation was speeded in order to meet Extension with Reforms (CARPER)
the ten-year time frame, despite limitations
and constraints in funding, logistics, and
participation of involved sectors. by 1996 the
Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR) R.A 9700 – CARPER LAW
distributed only 58.25% of the total area target - States that cases on the matter which are still
to be covered by the program. to address the pending "shall be allowed to proceed to its
lack of funding and the dwindling time for the finality and be executed even beyond such
implementation of CARP, Ramos signed date.
Republic Act No. 8532 in 1998 to amend CARL - Own
and extend the program to another ten-year - Control
- Secure
- Cultivate
- Enhance

From 2009 to 2014 (of distribution and

implementation), CARPER has distributed a total of 1
million hectares of land to 900,000 farmer
beneficiaries.
However, after 27 years of land reform and two Aquino
administrations, 500,000 of lands remain undistributed.

The CARPER LAW was unsuccessful.

The distribution and implementation failed due to:

- Limited Resources
- Opposition of Landlords
- Lack of support from the legislators