A PROJECT REPORT ON MODERN AUTOMOBILE REPAIR WO RKSHOP

AT

MAIDUGURI BORNO STATE

BY

BABAKURA BUKAR

2022/ND/ARC/076

SUBMITTED TO

THE DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURAL TECHNOLOGY, SCHOOL OF

ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES, RAMAT POLYTECHNIC, MAIDUGURI, BORNO

STATE

IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF

ORDINARY NATIONAL DIPLOMA (OND)

DECEMBER,2024

1
 DECLARATION

I BABAKURA BUKAR Matriculation No: 2022/ND/ARC/076, hereby declare this

project is my authentic work and documentation of my design work. it has not been accepted

in any previous application for National Diploma and all the sources of information are

specifically acknowledging by means of references.

___________________________ _______________________

Signature Date

2
 CERTIFICATION

I certify that this research project entitled MODERN AUTOMOBILE REPAIR

WORSHOP was carried out by I BABAKURA BUKAR. Matriculation No:

2022/ND/ARC/076 in the Department of Architectural Technology, School of Environmental

Studies (S.E.S) Ramat Polytechnic, Maiduguri Borno State, has been certified as meeting part

of the requirements for the award of Ordinary National Diploma (OND) in Architectural

Technology.

ARC. BABAGANA KHALIL

......................................... .....................................
Project Supervisor SIGNATURE/ DATE

ARC. FANTAMI ALI

......................................... .....................................
Project Coordinator SIGNATURE/ DATE

ARC. B.G HALIL

......................................... .....................................
Head of Department SIGNATURE/ DATE

........................................... .....................................
EXTERNAL EXAMINER SIGNATURE/ DATE

3
 DEDICATION

This research work is dedicated to Allah (SWT) for his ceaseless mercies, unmerited

favors, guidance and protection upon my life, my lovely parents‟ Alh. BUKAR

FANNAMI and Haj. YAKARU BUKAR, my lovely mom and dad. Lovely siblings and

friends who in one way or the other contributed for making it a success

4
5
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I will start by expressing my deep and profound gratitude to Almighty Allah (S.W.T)

the giver of mercy and blessing to whom I put all my trust and hope and from whose wishes I

have no objection. I thank Almighty Allah for protecting me throughout my years of study.

I thank my project Supervisor (Mentor) Arc. BABAGANA KHALIL, His colleagues

and other lecturers for their countless support they rendered on the course of carrying out this

design project and project report May God bless you all abundantly (Amen).

I will start by expressing my deep and profound gratitude to Almighty Allah (S.W.T)

the giver of mercy and blessing to whom I put all my trust and hope and from whose wishes I

have no objection. I thank Almighty Allah for protecting me throughout my years of study.

Special thanks to my beloved parent Alh. BUKAR FANNAMI and Haj. YAKARU

BUKAR train and help me financially, spiritually and other wise during the period of my

studies.

Special recognition goes to my beloved Brother Grema Bukar Fannami, Idrisa

Abubakar, Yagana Bukar, Karu Bukar, Bulama Ali Bukar, Abubakar Grema, Baba Ali

Grema, Prof. Babagana Grema and many more which am not able to exhaust May Almighty

Allah richly bless you and replenish all you offered me in hundred fold. Last but not the least;

I appreciate those whose materials have cited.

My sincere gratitude goes to my Head of Department (H.O.D) and also my

supervisor. Arc. Fantami Ali for owing, me their time and also for his assistance without

which this great work will not be up to expectation. I shall remain grateful to my lecturers for

the knowledge impacted upon me and piece of advice during academic years in the

university.

6
 I would also like to appreciate my wonderful sisters and brothers you have been a

source of strength and encouragement to me, May Almighty Allah be with you and continue

to guide you all (AMEEN).

I will not forget to acknowledge my friends, colleagues, and well-wishers both at

school and home. Indeed, you inspired something valuable to my life. I am grateful to all of

you. I remain indebted to you all most grateful to humanity at large.

7
 ABSTRACT

The main objective of this design project is to combine a reasonable scope, a comprehensive
study of the principle guiding the design and planning of Modern Automobile repair
workshop taking the reference from the existing ones. the write up on Automobile workshop
is part of the requirement for the award of National Diploma (ND) in Architectural
Technology, Ramat Polytechnic, Maiduguri, Borno State the full details of the preliminary
state of the project write up contains the case study general climatic condition of the chosen
site, the design scope analysis, space allocation standard material finishing and some other
important factors. Finally, I believe that this project work will be of great benefit in term of
references (educationally) to whoever read it. Particularly those who may want to embark on
a project of these types.

8
TABLE OF CONTENT

TITLE PAGE………………………………………………………………………..………..1

DECLARATION ....................................................................................................................... 2

CERTIFICATION ..................................................................................................................... 3

DEDICATION ........................................................................................................................... 4

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ......................................................................................................... 6

ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................... 8

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 12

1.2 PROJECT DEFINITION ................................................................................................... 12

1.3 JUSTIFICATION .............................................................................................................. 13

1.2.1 Architectural Problems ................................................................................................... 13

1.2.2 Social Problem ................................................................................................................ 14

1.4 AIM .................................................................................................................................... 14

1.5 OBJECTIVES .................................................................................................................... 14

1.6 PROJECT THEME ............................................................................................................ 14

1.7 LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT ................................................................................... 15

1.8 SCOPE OF PROJECT ....................................................................................................... 15

1.9 PROPOSED METHODOLOGY ....................................................................................... 15

1.1 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND....................................................................................... 16

9
CHAPTER TWO

2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW .................................................................................................. 17

2.1 BENEFIT OF AUTOMOBILE WORKSHOP IN NIGERIA ........................................... 18

2.2 CASE STUDY ................................................................................................................... 19

2.2.1 SELECTED CASE STUDIES ........................................................................................ 20

2.2.3 CASE STUDY 2 ............................................................................................................. 20

2.2.4 CASE STUDY 1 ............................................................................................................. 23

CHAPTER THREE

3.0 BRIEF HISTORY OF PROJECT LOCATION AREA..................................................... 27

3.1 HISTORY OF BORNO STATE ........................................................................................ 27

3.2 LOCATIONAL DESCRIPTION ....................................................................................... 28

3.3 LOCATIONAL-MAP ........................................................................................................ 28

3.4 STUDY AREA .................................................................................................................. 28

3.5 SITE ANALYSIS / INVENTORY .................................................................................... 29

3.6 CRITERIA FOR SITE SELECTION ................................................................................ 31

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 DESIGN CRITERIA ......................................................................................................... 33

4.1 SITE COMPONENT/ FUNCTION ................................................................................... 33

4.2 DESIGN SCOPE/ COMPONENT .................................................................................... 34

4.3 SPACE SCHEDULE ......................................................................................................... 34

4.5 CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY AND MATERIALS ........................................... 35

10
4.6 EXTERNAL WORK ......................................................................................................... 37

CHAPTER FIVE

5.1 SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATION ...................................................................... 38

5.2 CONCLUSION .................................................................................................................. 38

11
 CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

By feeling insecure outside their own narrow circle or agreement, architects are

thus depriving themselves of possible alternatives that lie just outside the profession.

Initiating dialogues with professions near and just outside the frontiers of architecture

may help us to better understand the architectural side of the frontier. This presents the

argument for the thesis - that studying the automobile will help us to know a great deal more

about architecture then simply trying to speculate on architecture and its technology.

The automobile, with its gigantic industrial complex of design, production and

support has an enormous impact upon the society that relies on it, including design and

production of the built environment. I believe that architecture and the automobile have been

changing in parallel for the last hundred years. They may even have occasionally crossed

each other‟s' paths. The automobile industry has become like a gigantic umbrella that covers

a wide range of technologies and aspects of society. It requires the education, talents and

efforts of mechanical engineers, physicists, chemists, technologists, architects, artists,

economists, electrical engineers, craftsman, advertisers and salespeople. They have all come

to center on the object of the automobile. The process behind this emergence may be

interesting and beneficial for architecture to examine. Many of the same disciplines may be

important to the future of architecture.

1.2 PROJECT DEFINITION

A comprehensive Automobile Workshop is large establishment /workshop where

automobiles are repaired and maintained by auto mechanics and technicians, academic

activities. Inadequate information and call up from places of case studies.

12
Definition of Terms

Automobile: This is a wheeled self-powered motor vehicle used for transportation of human

and goods. Auto body repairs: These are the repairs done on cars in order to restore vehicles

complete appearance.

iii. General workshop: This is a comprehensive service unit that features all general

repair works done on cars.

Spray booth: This is an enclosed structure or compartment which enables the painter paint a

car in a stable warm weather condition.

Parts and accessories: This is a section that deals with all genuine and verified parts of all

cars which are mostly supplied from both local and overseas suppliers.

1.3 JUSTIFICATION

The outcome of this study will highlight the importance of comprehensive

Automobile Workshop and will provide an in-depth guide for various persons and groups

involved in automobile repairs in Nigeria. The proposed design of a comprehensive

automobile Workshop will reflect today‟s trends of architectural design as well as the use of

Green Architecture.

1.2.1 Architectural Problems

The architectural problem being undertaken here is to design a functional Automobile

Workshop, dealing with the Harmonization of repair and maintenance activities, and the

separation of non-technical activities from the administrative functions. Space and circulation

within the workshop during repairs is also considered.

13
1.2.2 Social Problem

There is exist the problem of paucity of comprehensive Automobile Workshops for

residents of Maiduguri and its environs to repair their faulty cars. There by necessitating

those desirous of such services to travel far distances into the city to obtain high end car care

services. With the presence of the care center residents will be able to repair their cars

according to their manufacturers schedule and at affordable rates.

1.4 AIM

This project is aimed at designing an ultra-modern automobile workshop to provide

the motorists in city with qualitative automobile care services. This will be achieved in a

functional, decent and safety-compliant environment; which will not only improve the service

and efficiency but also rid the town of the menace of the dirty, unsightly and dangerous

conditions offered by the poorly equipped road-side mechanics in their workshops.

1.5 OBJECTIVES

To make provision for a comprehensive automobile workshop where modern

innovation in automobiles shall be effectively and efficiently maintained. To provide

automobile maintenance and service with high functionality and sophisticated operations at

the most minimal cost.

1.6 PROJECT THEME

Automobile Workshop

14
1.7 LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT

The gathering of relevant safety educational materials used for the research. The

difficulty in obtaining relevant information in architectural journals from text books in the

school library. The inadequate time frame for research on the project work was not enough in

spite of the

1.8 SCOPE OF PROJECT

The design report of this project “comprehensive Automobile Workshop” being

proposed here will cater for motor cars, other heavy commercial vehicles like trailers, trucks

and articulated vehicles are not considered in this proposed project due to nature of those

vehicles and their spatial requirements. The workshop will consist for the following

component units:

a) Administrative unit with offices and meeting rooms.

b) Service department to comprise of the workshop units.

c) Vehicles recovery and towing facilities units.

d) And other facilities deemed necessary during the course of carrying out case studies

and the actual deign e.g. clinic, restaurant

1.9 PROPOSED METHODOLOGY

The methodology of this research is a combination of literature review, knowledge

acquisition, development of research model and detailed development of strategic and

operational of the overall KB System. The verification and validation processes will be

conducted at the final stage of the overall system by using industrial and published cases.

15
Research methodology is the specific procedures or techniques used to identify, select,

process, and analyze information about a topic. In a research paper, the methodology section

allows the reader to critically evaluate a study's overall validity and reliability.

1.1 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

The importance of automobile Workshop in Nigeria today cannot be over-

emphasized. It is an intrinsic part of the economy of the nation without which many of its

arms would inevitably grind to a halt or least encounter some disruptions of their services.

Hence it became imperative to look into that segment of the automobile industry that deals

with its maintenance, especially with the extremely inflated prices of cars today which makes

replacement very expensive.

The automotive industry is one of the world‟s largest industries that is in its general

sense. It includes the manufacturers, independent wholesalers, heavy duty distributors etc.

who manufacture and distribute automotive parts, tools, equipment refinished materials.

However, this project centers on the maintenance aspects, comprising of repairs and services

as well as cars refurbishment scheme.

Polo ground, being the location of this project is in Maiduguri, Borno state. The

people of the area are enterprising in nature, there are also a plethora of Automobile

Workshops found within the city. This project is aimed at providing the city and its environs

with a coordinated and comprehensive automobile care center.

16
 CHAPTER TWO

2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW

This chapter is to review and highlight the traditional and modern automobile repair

workshop within and outside the state. It will also provide with designs the merits and

demerits of the workshops. As a result, the traditional design knowledge is no longer enough

in solving complex client demands (Manzini, 2009). Therefore, the continued utilization of

design knowledge based on traditional processes will result in unsatisfied client demands as

the complexity increases. This increase in complexity also affects facilities management

(FM) operations which are directly linked to the facility type and purpose of use. but it is only

the analysis of best practices in facilities management that can provide an innovative input to

the supportive function of building design” (Bröchner, 2003, p. 23). The above statement

illustrates the idea behind the need to enhance the supportive role of a building‟s design

through integrating FM requirements when designing. Qualitative non-financial factors on

top of the conventional cost, profit, and output concerns (Pitt & Tucker, 2008) will have to be

considered.

In order to discuss facilities management and design integration, the two facility-

related disciplines and their role should be introduced first, followed by a discussion on the

nature of integration and content of FM input into design. In other words, this literature

review starts with discussing facilities management, its components and relation to an

organization‟s core business. Facility design is handled next, elaborating on the various

design stages and revealing the correlation between facility users‟ needs and design

processes. Facilities management requirements, their identification and communication to

designers are then presented to conclude the description of the research topic.

17
2.1 BENEFIT OF AUTOMOBILE WORKSHOP IN NIGERIA

Automobile workshops are important public building provided in maintaining and

repairing automobiles.

1. Increases Car’s Lifespan

Routine preventative servicing extends the life of your machine, ensuring that the vehicle

lasts you a long time offering maximum value for money.

2. It Detect and Solve Minor Issues

The mechanic will detect and solve minor issues before they become more prominent,

more costly, and life-threatening problems.

3. It increased Fuel Efficiency

Several factors influence fuel economy. It can be a pain to continually break the bank

every time you refuel your car. Some common causes of poor fuel economy include:

 Engine misfire

 Low compression

 Fouled or worn spark plugs

 Under-inflated tires

4. It improved Precision, Safety & Reliability

It ensures that your car is always performing at its best. Imagine getting more stable

steering, excellent engine starts, and tires with better traction? All this increases the car‟s

precision and reliability, which increases your safety on the road.

18
 5. It reduced Spare Parts and Service Charges

This can substantially cut auto spare parts and service charges. Unexpected

breakdowns can mean paying mechanics over time and having to pay extra for emergency

auto repair services.

2.2 CASE STUDY

Case Study is a research method involving in an up-close in-depth and detailed

examination of a subject of study as well as its related contextual conditions.

It involves a case study of existing structures that are similar to the proposed one. This

is very essential if a definite and appreciated improvement in view design is to be made. It

helps to highlight some of the problems in the existing structures. In most case studies a lot of

design errors are detected. It also affords the opportunity to be in direct contact with the user

of such existing building is question as they present themselves.

Case study as a way of finding solution to any design problem this is also based on

deducing solution from existing Automobile workshop at other State.

The sole Aim of the procedure to subject each of these Case studies to critical analysis

in terms of the following

 Functionality

 Flexibility of the design built up area

 Merits and demerits of the qualities of building and the built environment

19
2.2.1 SELECTED CASE STUDIES

2.2.3 CASE STUDY 2

BORNO EXPRESS AUTOMOBILE WORKSHOP MAIDUGURI, BORNO STATE

(EST. 1973)

Location: Opposite Ramat shopping complex. Maiduguri.

BRIEF HISTORY

The Borno Express Automobile Workshop Maiduguri was established since 1973 to

render services in roads, highways and transportation system in North-East region. A large

number of vehicles were procured for the “North-East line” to ease transportation from

Maiduguri to other parts of the region. These vehicles need servicing and repairs hence the

idea of creating this particular workshop located at opposite Ramat shopping complex.

Maiduguri was initiated and they rendered good services for customer and provide effective

services to the people‟s automobile vehicles.

MERITS

1) It is well equipped with electric

2) It is easy to access and l functional

3) it is well secured

DEMERITS

1) it is not a standard automobile workshop because some unit are not

available

2) Inadequate conveniences

3) No demarcation for parking

4) It has poor landscape

20
 5) Poor Admin unit

Figure 6: Showing the front view of Boron Express. Case study Two in Maiduguri, Borno

State

21
Plate 3: Poor Landscape. Borno Express Maiduguri, Borno State

Figure 3: poor administration and maintenance

22
2.2.4 CASE STUDY 1

BORNO MECHANICAL AUTOMOBILE WORKSHOP (EST. 1976)

Location: Alone Baga road Maiduguri, Borno State

HISTORY

This Automobile Workshop is located at Baga. Road founded in the year 1976 by

the German people and they specialized on automobile repair such as brakes, mufflers and

exhaust systems, transmissions, body parts, automobile electrification, and others.

MERITS

1) Adequate lighting from large windows

2) Easy accessibility

3) Good parking spaces

4) Well equipped with machineries

5) Well secured

23
DEMERITS

1) Poor landscaping

2) No painting unit

3) Some units are lacking i.e. Electrical, panel beaten etc.

Plate 5: case study 3 showing the front view of : Borno State Mechanical Workshop
24
Figure 2: Good parking spaces

25
Figure 4: well equipment but poor maintenance

26
 CHAPTER THREE

3.0 BRIEF HISTORY OF PROJECT LOCATION AREA

Maiduguri, Town. Borno, State. In the northeast Nigeria with a rich history that

includes the Kanem-Boron empire, the Boron emirates, and the British and French colonial

periods. This empire was the center of the Kanuri speaking royal empire and lasted from

1380 to 1898.

3.1 HISTORY OF BORNO STATE

Borno State is a state in 1967 and was carved out of the former northeastern state in

1976. In 1991 the western part of Boron was seprated to form Yobe state.

The vegetation in Boron state is mainly of the sudan savanna type which include the acacia( a

source of gum Arabic), baobab, locust bean , shea butter, dum palm, and kapok trees;

however, there is a region of Sahel savanna, mostly thorn scrub and with sandy soils, in the

north. Prominent physical features include the Bornu Plains, the volcanic Biu Plateau, and the

firki (“black cotton”) swamps south and southwest of Lake Chad. Most of the state is drained

by seasonal rivers flowing toward Lake Chad. The far south, however, is drained by the

Gongola River, a tributary of the Benue.

The Kanuri are the dominant ethnic group, but the area also contains clusters of other

peoples. The growing of sorghum, millet, peanuts (groundnuts), onions, corn (maize),

sesame, acha (“hungry rice”), cotton, and indigo and the herding of cattle are the chief

occupations, with fishing significant around Lake Chad. The lake is connected to Maiduguri

by a road from Baga, a town on a peninsula extending into the lake. The Lake Chad

Commission, established (1964) by Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria, is charged with

27
regulating the use of the waters of the lake and the basin for the development of livestock,

crop, fishery, and water resources. Nigeria also has established a Chad Basin Authority.

Maiduguri is the state capital, its main industrial centre, and by far its largest city. Biu

and Bama also are sizable market towns. Maiduguri has an airport and is served by a railway

to Bauchi and the south, as well as by trunk roads to Potiskum, Bauchi, Yola, and Ndjamena

(Chad). Pop. (2006) 4,151,193.

3.2 LOCATIONAL DESCRIPTION

The side is located alone Shehu Bukar Road, at the adjacent of Polo Grand Hotel

within Polo Ground opposite 15 Shops and beside E.Y.N Church Polo along the road that

came from Circular Road Borno State.

3.3 LOCATIONAL-MAP

3.4 STUDY AREA

Maiduguri, town, Borno state, northern Nigeria.

28
3.5 SITE ANALYSIS / INVENTORY

A site can be defined as an open space bounded at the sides by a defined boundary

marks and surrounded by natural features such as hill, trees, water bodies and man-made

features or artificial structure, the Site chosen for this project has a very gentle slope. It is a

site that has never been develop in the past Thereby causing it to be filled with the growth of

shrubs, grasses and Some natural trees.

It is also observed that during the course of the inventory that some of the trees are to

be removed as that could obstruct the construction of the project while some are to be

retained or preserved to help in controlling the adverse effect of wind storm (i.e. wind

breaker) in the environment

Geographical and Climatic Data

Here is some geographical and climatic data for Maiduguri, the capital city of Borno State,

Nigeria:

Climate

Maiduguri is in the Sahel Savanna climatic region, which is semi-arid and hot year-round.

The city has two distinct seasons: a rainy season from July to October and a prolonged dry

season for the rest of the year.

Temperature

The average temperature in Maiduguri is 84°F, with a high of 109°F and a low of 57°F. The

hottest month is May, with an average high of 103°F and low of 79°F. The coldest month is

January, with an average low of 59°F and high of 92°F.

29
Rainfall

The average annual rainfall in Maiduguri is 1,807 mm. The mean annual rainfall

during the rainy season is 647 mm.

Geography

Borno State has several prominent physical features, including the Bornu Plains, the

Biu Plateau, and the firki swamps. Most of the state is drained by seasonal rivers flowing

toward Lake Chad, but the far south.

.The shading devices through the conservation and preservation of the existing natural

features will surely reduce and combat the effect of this heat emission and transmission at the

Automobile Workshop.

Topography

The site is relatively a gentle slope towards the western, cardinal of the site. During

construction, cutting and filling will essentially take place. For it to be suitable for the

proposed project (Automobile), some parts will be graded to normal level while some will be

utilized as it is.

Soil Condition

The soil condition in state consists of sandy soil, loamy soil and clay soil. The loamy

soil which is the vegetative soil on top layer of this site will be removed in the course of

construction.

The layer consist of the sandy and laterite type of soil which is capable of carrying

the load of the upper structure, strip foundation will therefore be used in transmitting the load

of the structure into a wide area of soil.

30
Wind Direction

In Maiduguri, the wet season is warm, oppressive, and overcast and the dry season is

hot, muggy, and partly cloudy. Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies

from 65°F to 89°F and is rarely below 59°F or above 94°F.

3.6 CRITERIA FOR SITE SELECTION

The site selection is based on sound geological, geophysical, hydro-geological and

geotechnical considerations. Where such landfill is constructed on or within unsuitable

Materials, leach ate may leak into the environment thereby impacting on the biophysical

environment and the ecology of the surrounding area.

Constraint map for landfill site selection can easily be used for the location of safe

landfill site in urban areas, Maiduguri Metropolitans inclusive. Such constrain map can be

developed using Geographic Information System (GIS). GIS is a set of software tools that is

used to input, store, manipulate, analyze and display geographic information. It combines

spatial data (maps, aerial, photographs, satellite images) with the other quantitative,

qualitative and descriptive information databases (Choududhury and Das, 2012). Authors

who have worked on the use of GIS, Remote Sensing, geological, geophysical, hydro

geological, and soil types for the selection of landfill site includes (Olayinka and Olayiwola

2001; Baban and Flnnagan 1998; Nishanth et al., 2010, Choududhury and Das, 2012; and Al-

Hanball et al., 2011.

Finally, the site have relevant approval of the relevant Automobile workshop

authority for the use of the proposed Automobile Workshop the following are the criteria

factors;

1. The site accessibility

2. The site proximity

31
3. Topography

4. Soil texture

5. Climate factor

32
 CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 DESIGN CRITERIA

The studies and observation revealed that from rigidity, therefore to achieve an

Automobile workshop that would attract the public and call the interest of people to itself, it

is necessary that rigidity in design and the use of common symmetrical form in the planning

of the structure for the workshop would be at minimum.

Contemporary architecture is best appreciated when form are incorporated into space.

The design concept for the Automobile Workshop is that function follow form concept.

Facilities are combined together into activities and one that has the same function is merged

together. And the landscape environment creating a sense of continuity of the whole design.

4.1 SITE COMPONENT/ FUNCTION

Technical function

Structural and mechanical systems are crucial to the function or architecture. These

systems in turn respond to the constraint of the site program and available building of

physical processes that is why Omanis embraces technologies and innovation and design.

Joining architecture with engineering and construction site supervision. The company is well

practiced in optimizing technical functionary.

Environmental function

Architectural function can also be considered from the outside in as a response to the

environment and context. A buildings enclosure system act to modulate the effect of sun rain

dust and other elements. A sophisticated building envelope can reduce the amount of energy

needed to maintain a comfortable interior and owner‟s cost for maintenance in this sense,

functional design aligns with sustainable design.

33
4.2 DESIGN SCOPE/ COMPONENT

The design shows the relationship between the facilities by the location. It covers the

central common facilities and the workshop.

ADMINISTRATIVE

1. General Manager‟s office

2. Secretary office

3. Files and invoicing offices

4. Clinic

COMMERCIAL/ WORKSHOP

This comprises of where service is being done

4.3 SPACE SCHEDULE

ADMIN BLOCK

S/N Unit AREA PER SQUARE NUMBER

METER [M²] OFUNIT

1 Entrance 3.1 1

2 Reception and Waiting Room 18.36 1

3 Secretary Offices 11.88 1

4 Manager Offices 17.28 1

7 Clinic 37.44 1

8 Store 4.95 5

9 W/C 2.52 12

34
 WORKSHOP

S/N Unit AREA PER SQUARE NUMBER

METER [M²] OFUNIT

1 Mechanical Unit 20 1

2 Vulcanizing area 20 1

3 Store 5.1 5

4 Panel Beaten 20 1

5 Painting Unit 20 1

6 Electrical Unit 20 1

4.5 CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY AND MATERIALS

Building Construction

Various buildings in the Automobile Workshop are constructed on already leveled

ground with appropriate foundation types strip is mostly used. Term academy is used

extensively for the workshop, the pavilions are of light steel trusses with long span aluminum

roofing sheets, the walk ways and footpath are mainly of flat stone finishes Special glasses of

various thickness are used tinted glasses are used against solar rays especially in the terminus

buildings.

Material

The influence of building material on construction works in Maiduguri Borno State and

its environment is similar to what prevails in the middle belt of the control blocks in

rectangular standard of 225mm, 150mm and 100mm thickness the choice of material

35
Services

These are to give various desired design consideration to satisfy the intended need of

the occupants.

Circulation

Adequate care is taken in ensuring that the circulation routes within the entire

building are well planned. There will be a clear definition of the Automobile Workshop and

Reception routes on the sites.

Ventilation

The planning for adequate ventilation involves provision of adequate and sufficient

number of opening at reasonable sizes and heights, this improves the comfort ability as a

result of air circulation which is at a bearable limit.

Lighting

Lighting is to be property controlled through the combination of natural and artificial

means. The most important place requiring special lighting effect is the factory where

transparent roofing sheets are to be used. A courtyard will be introduced to throw in light in

some parts of the building.

Plumbing and Electrical Installation

Plumbing services requires on site would include;

1. All sanitary facilities

2. All drain and draining system

3. All disposal system

4. All water supply and disposal system

36
Electrical services include:

1. All electrical devices.

2. All lighting devices and fittings.

3. Locks and locking devices where applicable

These are to be fitted or constructed to meet the standard of workmanship

Sound Acoustic and Vibration Protection

Acoustic reverberation times are adjusted with an electronic system since there is an

adjustable orchestra pit and proscenium which can be varied in height and width Acoustic

ceiling used especially in worship offices.

4.6 EXTERNAL WORK

All concrete work shall be done in accordance with British standard of workmanship.

So applies to all other construction works.

1. Stability

2. Strength

3. Durability

The structure fringe work (arid) adopted allow a large open space which can be divided with

removable partition these made the building to be flexible

Materials

A similar analysis of the technical gaps identified in the discussion of materials

demonstrates that the most significant barriers to progress in implementing light weighting

materials in light-duty vehicles are also common to several materials.

37
 CHAPTER FIVE

5.1 SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATION

The lack of adequate Equipment, the inability to give high-quality repair with

necessary cycle times to produce sufficient volumes for automotive applications, the

inadequacy or lack of modeling and design tools, and inadequate joining technologies appear

repeatedly and illustrate the problem facing design engineers seeking to reduce vehicle

weight without compromising safety and performance. The severity of the problem is further

increased by the fact that each of these deficiencies also serves to increase the cost associated

with using new materials. From a systems perspective, these major technical gaps are

discussed below. Lack of adequate properties was identified as a high-priority gap for body

structures (metal and composite), chassis and suspension, and engines and transmissions.

Without exception, all of the materials of interest for light weighting were developed for

other applications. The particular properties required for light-duty Automobile Workshop

are specific to each application within a system (e.g., energy absorption, corrosion resistance,

formability, cast ability, thermal stability, etc.), and it is clear that significant effort will be

required to develop the set of “automotive grade” lightweight materials with enhanced

properties that will meet these diverse needs.

5.2 CONCLUSION

This project is aimed at designing an ultra-modern automobile care center to provide

the motorists in city with qualitative automobile care services. This will be achieved in a

functional, decent and safety-compliant environment; which will not only improve the service

and efficiency but also rid the town of the menace of the dirty, unsightly and dangerous

conditions offered by the poorly equipped road-side mechanics in their workshops.

38
 Though smaller amounts of capital are needed for starting and operating the auto-

workshops, its contribution to the community as well as to the economy of our country is

very large. Its contribution in terms of services to the society and productive employment

among the poorer people is vital and helps dispersal of industries in the urban, semi-urban

and rural areas of the country. Many uneducated youths get employment in these workshops

and thereby alleviating poverty Small-scale non-farm enterprise, particularly in rural areas, is

shown to be vital, if only because it is the only resort for those without land, or without the

necessary skills to obtain wage employment, that is more remunerative than self-employment

in the informal sector Small enterprise development schemes should concern over

unemployment.

39
 REFERENCES

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, “Summary of Fuel Economy

Performance,”http://www.nhtsa.gov/staticfiles/rulemaking/pdf/cafe/2011_Summary_
Report.pdf.

Refer to the U.S. Department of Energy Vehicles Technology Program Workshop Report:
Truck and Heavy Duty Vehicle Requirements and Gaps for Lightweight and
Propulsion Materials, February 2013.

Stephen M. Zoepf, “Automotive Features: Mass Impact and Deployment Characterization,”

MS Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, June 2011, p. 36.
Transportation Energy Book, Volume 30, Tables 1.12 and 2.7. and the Energy Information
Administration„s Annual Energy Outlook 2011, April 2011; U.S. Department of
Commerce‟s 2002 Economic Census, Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Light-Duty Automotive Technology, Carbon

Dioxide Emissions, and Fuel Economy Trends: 1975 Through 2011, March 2012.
Vehicles Technologies Office Fact #310, March 8, 2004.

40
APPENDIX

Floor plan

Roof plan

Section I/J

41
Front/Back Elevation

Right/Left Elevation

Site Plan

42
Site Layout

Exterior Perspective

Interior Perspective

43