The Impact of Sleep Deprivation towards the Academic Performance of Grade

12 Students

A research presented to Talisayan National High School

By:

Capagngan, Eurika

Dotdot, Norme M.

Rayon, Sheikainah

Veloso, Ma. Cassandra A.

May 2024

1
 Table of Contents

Page Number

Abstract i

Acknowledgment ii

Chapter 1: Introduction 1
Background of the Study 1
Statement of the problem 3
Conceptual Framework 3
Hypotheses 3
Purpose of the Study 3
Significance of the Study 4
Scope and Delimitation 6
Definition of Terms 6
Chapter II: Review of Related Literature 8
Chapter III: Methodology 11
Research Design 11
Population and Sample 11
Instrumentation 12
Data Gathering Procedure 12
Statistical Tools 13
Chapter IV: Results and Discussion 14
Chapter V: Conclusion and Recommendations 21
References
25
Appendices
I. Sample Research Instrument
II. Request Letter to the Principal
III. Certificate of Revision
2
 ABSTRACT

Excessive sleepiness can hinder work performance, relationships, and mood. This
study explores the link between sleep deprivation and academic performance among
Grade 12 HUMSS students at Talisayan National High School. The researchers
believed that there is a significant relationship between sleep deprivation and
academic performance. The study emphasizes the importance of understanding
sleep's effects on the academic performance of students exploring solutions to
address sleep deprivation. The researchers utilized a Descriptive and Correlational
design with a Simple random sample method, the research identified a high
prevalence of daytime sleepiness, irregular sleep patterns, and insufficient sleep
duration among participants. Significantly, the study found a strong correlation
between lack of sleep and academic performance. Remarkably, the survey also
highlighted a student awareness regarding the importance of quality sleep for the
overall well-being, encompassing not only academic success but also physical and
mental health, memory, and learning. This suggests that students possess the
potential to prioritize sleep as a foundation for holistic achievement. These findings
can inform future research and interventions aimed at improving sleep health and
academic achievement among students. By understanding the causes of sleep
deprivation and potential approaches to tackling it, students can make better choices
and make a positive difference in their lives.
Keywords: Sleep Deprivation, Academic Performance

3
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

We would like to express our sincere gratitude to a multitude of individuals

who have been instrumental in the successful completion of this research project.

First and foremost, we extend our deepest appreciation to our subject teacher and

adviser, Ma'am Jeremy Subaldo. Her unwavering guidance, insightful feedback, and

dedication to our learning journey have been invaluable. We are grateful for her

patience in explaining complex concepts, her encouragement to push ourselves

further, and her unwavering belief in our potential.

We would also like to express our thanks to the esteemed panelists who

graciously offered their time and expertise. Their insightful questions and

constructive criticism have helped us refine our research and present it in a more

comprehensive and articulate manner. We are thankful for the opportunity to learn

from their vast knowledge and experience.

Furthermore, we extend our heartfelt gratitude to the school principal Dr. Ritzy

D. Mutya for granting us permission to conduct this research. Their support in

providing us with the necessary resources and fostering a research-conducive

environment is deeply appreciated.

A special word of thanks goes out to the amazing grade 12 HUMSS students

who participated in our research as respondents. Their willingness to share their

experiences and insights has been crucial to the success of this project. We are

grateful for their valuable contributions and time.

4
 We are also incredibly thankful for the unwavering support of our parents and

friends. Their constant encouragement, motivation, and belief in our abilities have

kept us going throughout this endeavor. We are blessed to have such a supportive

network around us.

Finally, we are eternally grateful to God for granting us the wisdom, strength,

and perseverance to complete this research project. We are thankful for His

guidance throughout this journey.

- The Researchers

5
6
7
 Chapter I

Introduction

Background of the study

Sleeping is a natural process that almost all animals do, including us human.

It’s been around for a long time and helps our bodies and minds stay healthy and

balanced (Xie, Tang, et. al 2019). Humans require a certain amount of sleep each

night to function effectively. Eight hours of sleep is the recommended amount for

adults (Okano et. al, 2019). Lack of sleep causes a person to experience sleep

deprivation. The amount of sleep that each person needs to feel re-energized and

perform at their best varies depending on their age. It’s critical to get adequate sleep

each night. Additionally, some experts think that sleep allows the body to mend itself,

meaning that skipping sleep might be threatening to one’s health (Bandyopadhyay

and Sigua, 2019). Lack of sleep can hinder you from thinking clearly and keeping

your emotions at an even keel. Studies show excessive sleepiness can hurt work

performance, wreak havoc on relationships, and lead to mood problems like anger

and depression (Pathak N., 2021).

Getting enough sleep helps us learn, remember information, and make

rational judgments. It also enables our brains to function in the social environment in

which we live. An individual’s brain is less capable of processing new knowledge and

has trouble remembering what they have just learnt when they are sleep deprived

(Dowdell and Clayton, 2018). Given the importance of sleep for attention and

memory, teenagers’ learning potential and academic achievement may be impacted

by the quantity or quality of their sleep (Lee et al., 2015).

8
 The purpose of this research was to explore the effects of sleep deprivation

and how it affected towards the students’ academic performance at Talisayan

National High School. Additionally, to look into possible solutions that could be

provided to students who were suffering from sleep deprivation if the hypothesis of

this study was further proven. The researchers believed that there was a significant

relationship between sleep deprivation and academic performance.

The significance of this research study highlighted the importance of

understanding how sleep was affected the human body and exploring solutions to

address the widespread issue of sleep deprivation. Also, the significance of this

study was that the possible results may benefited students who were experiencing

sleep deprivation which were hindering their cognitive learning and processing, by

gaining an amount of information on how to deal with it could make a positive

difference.

This study primarily benefits the students. By knowing the causes why they

experienced sleep deprivation and how it affected their academic performance,

participants would be better equipped to make informed decisions about their sleep

habits. Additionally, the findings of this research could be applied by readers to their

own lives. Finally, the researcher would gain significant knowledge about the causes

of sleep deprivation and potential approaches to tackling it. This information could

then be used to inform future research and interventions aimed at improving overall

sleep health.

9
Statement of the Problem

This study aims to answer the following questions:

1. What are the causes of lack of sleep?

2. What are the effects of lack of sleep towards the academic performance?

3. What is the relationship between sleep deprivation and academic performance of

students?

Conceptual Framework

Independent variable Dependent variable

Lack of Sleep Academic Performance

The figure above shows the relationship between the independent variable

lack of sleep and the dependent variable academic performance.

Hypotheses:
There is no significant relationship between lack of sleep and academic

performance

There is a significant relationship between lack of sleep and academic

performance.

Purpose of the Study

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of sleep deprivation

on the academic performance among the grade 12 HUMSS students at Talisayan

10
National High School. This research would explore the specific ways in which sleep

deprivation impacts students' grades, and the relationship between sleep deprivation

and academic performance. By examining these connections, the researchers aimed

to contribute to a deeper understanding of the importance of sleep for academic

success and the well-being of students. While academic performance was important,

the researchers aimed to understand the deeper effects of sleep deprivation on how

students thought and learn.

Significance of the study

This study aims to provide valuable information about the effects of sleep

deprivation on students’ academic performance, concentration, and overall cognitive

functions. Also, the researchers aim to understand the negative effects of sleep

deprivation by providing solutions to help enhance students' academic performance.

This study's insights could contribute to wider discussions about healthy sleep habits

for people of all ages. By highlighting the connection between sleep and academic

performance, this research can contribute to promoting healthy sleep practices and

potentially improving overall health and well-being. The beneficiaries of this study are

as follows:

For the students, not all students are aware of the effects of experiencing

sleep deprivation on their academic achievement. They might experience it without

understanding that it had an impact on their academic achievement. This study will

raise their awareness of the situation, enabling them to make their own decisions

about how to apply the information they have been provided.

For the teachers and parents, the research will aid in their learning about

many factors that they should take into account when assisting a student or a

11
teenager. Parents can encourage and enforce healthy sleep routines to support their

children's learning and overall well-being. Recognizing the challenges that students'

face in maintaining healthy sleep, teachers can foster a supportive classroom

environment that encourages healthy sleep habits and acknowledges the importance

of adequate rest.

For school institutions, students’ education occurs in educational

establishments. Setting for evaluating intellectual achievement. It is also a location

where a few things that have an impact on a student's academic achievement

happen. Therefore, this study will aid educational institutions in having a better

understanding of the effects of sleep deprivation on the academic success of their

students. It will be helpful for a school institution to have an effective plan that may

employ these aspects to better support a student and their academic performance,

whether it may be a favorable influence or a negative effect on a student's academic

performance.

For policymakers and public health officials, the research can contribute to

broader discussions about sleep deprivation and its importance for public health

across all age groups. By highlighting the connection between sleep and cognitive

function, this study can influence policymakers and public health officials to develop

and implement initiatives that promote healthy sleep practices and improve overall

well-being within communities.

For future researchers, this research could be used as reference material

since the issue has a wide range of interesting features that could be investigated.

They might use it as a guide.

12
Scope and delimitation

This research focused on investigating the relationship between slept

deprivation and the academic performance of Grade 12 HUMSS students at

Talisayan National High School, which was located in Barangay San Jose,

Municipality of Talisayan, Misamis Oriental. This study would have three objectives,

which were to establish a clear connection between lack of sleep and academic

performance, investigate the cognitive processes affected by sleep deprivation, and

identify the challenges students faced in maintaining healthy sleep routines. Surveys

was used in this study to gather data from Grade 12 HUMSS students. The survey

was conducted on March 25th to March 29th, 2024.

This research was limited to Grade 12 students enrolled in the academic track

HUMSS of Talisayan National High School-Talisayan Senior High School. The study

may define sleep deprivation based on a specific number of hours recommended for

teenagers. While the study investigated slept hygiene practices, it may not delve into

all potential factors affecting slept (e.g., underlying medical conditions,

socioeconomic circumstances.)

Definition of terms

Academic performance. Measurable outcomes related to a student’s success

in school, such as grades, test scores, and completion of assignments.

Adequate. It refers to the recommended amount of sleep necessary for

cognitive function and academic performance.

13
 Attention span. The ability to focus on a task for a sustained period.

Cognitive function. The mental processes involved in thinking learning,

problem-solving.

Cognitive learning. It refers to the mental processes involved in acquiring and

retaining knowledge and skills.

Concentration. It refers to a student’s ability to focus on their attention on a

specific task or topic for a sustained period.

Decision-making abilities. The ability to weigh options and make choices.

Healthy sleep habits. Habits and routines that promote healthy sleep patterns.

HUMSS. Humanities and social sciences is an academic strand.

Information processing speed. The speed at which the brain can take in and

process information.

Memory. The ability to store and retrieve information.

Sleep deprivation. Defined as getting consistently less sleep than the

recommended 8 to 10 hours per night for Grade 12 students.

14
 Chapter II

Review of Related Literature

This chapter examines existing research studies relevant to the current

investigation, which examines the relationship between sleep deprivation and its

impact on student academic performance. This section explores existing studies that

have investigated the effects of sleep deprivation on students to their overall

cognitive performance. The researchers identify and discuss relevant concepts that

provide a framework for understanding the relationship between sleep and academic

performance. This existing knowledge serves as a foundation for the current

investigation, which focuses specifically on Grade 12 HUMSS students at Talisayan

National High School (TNHS).

According to Short M. A., Weber N., Reynolds C., et al., (2018),

teens' ability to maintain attention appears to be affected by sleep deprivation in

ways that are significant to multiple normative developmental aspects, such as their

capacity for focus and classroom instruction. Previous research has shown a link

between poor academic performance in children and adults and the amount of sleep

that people report as delayed or inappropriate sleep, waking up too late, especially

on weekends, and daytime sleepiness (Jalali R., Khazaei H., et al, 2020). While

getting enough sleep has a beneficial impact on grade point average, which is a

measure of academic success, getting too little sleep has an adverse effect on

students' academic performance (Mehta K. J., 2022). Learning gets difficult and we

become forgetful when we don't get enough sleep. Moreover, sleep deprivation puts

15
thousands of students at risk worldwide, which can lead to poorer academic

performance and challenges at work (Merenheimo, 2018). Students who get too little

sleep find it difficult to stay alert and energetic during the day, which makes them

less likely to stick to academic and extracurricular schedules (Chen L., Chen J.,

2019).

According to Maheshwari G., Shaukat F. (2019) Pakistani medical students'

academic performance suffers as a result of their poor sleep quality. While in Ghana,

Accra's medical students frequently experience dysfunction during the day and poor

quality sleep. The quality of sleep was significantly positively correlated with

academic performance as reported by the sleeper (Lawson H. J., Wellens-Mensah J.

T. et. al, 2019). Numerous biological and environmental factors may impact the

circadian and homeostatic regulation of sleep at this stage of life. A significant portion

of this population suffers from chronic sleep restriction and/or irregular sleep-wake

cycles as a result of insufficient sleep. Reduced learning capacity and compromised

daytime functioning are linked to poor sleep quantity and quality, according to studies

examining the impact of varying sleep–wake schedules on academic achievement

(Alfonsi V., Scarpelli S., et al. 2020). On the other hand, better grades were

correlated with sleep duration and quality for the month and the week prior to an

exam, but there was no relationship between test performance and sleep measures

on the one night before an exam. A quarter or so of the variation in academic

performance was explained by sleep measures (Okano K., Kaczmarzyk J., et al.

2019). Daytime fatigue, irregular sleep patterns, and sleep deprivation are

particularly common among understudies in schools and colleges. Undergrads are

especially vulnerable to the negative effects of sleep deprivation and daytime

sluggishness, which can include decreased grades, increased risk of subpar

16
academic performance, learning loss, mood swings, and increased risk of alcohol

and drug use (Khemka P., Dhanuka P., 2020). In general, sleep and academic

performance in school are related. Sleep deprivation has been linked to inattention

and lack of focus in the classroom. While some studies find no correlation between

sleep length and quality and academic performance, the majority of research has

found that longer, higher-quality sleep is associated with improved academic

performance, including study effort and grades.

According to Lewis L. (2021) the benefits of sleep for brain health are

surprisingly numerous. Sleep deprivation affects memory and focus in the short term

and can cause neurological dysfunction or even death in the long run. In today's

world, sleep disorders and sleep loss are major contributors to poor sleep quality.

The underlying mechanisms of the relationship between sleep and metabolism

indicate that stress activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis.

Maladaptive alterations in the HPA axis are linked to sleep disorders and sleep

deprivation, which can result in neuroendocrine deregulation (Hirotsu, C., Tufik, S.

Andersen, M., L. 2015). Stress is an adaptive reaction meant to bring the body back

to balance. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is activated in the classical

neuroendocrine stress response, which modulates many physiological aspects,

including the wake-sleep cycle (Martire V. L., Caruso D., 2020). However, according

to Alotaibe A., Alosaimi, F., et al. (2020) the body, mind, memory, and learning all

depend on sleep. Nonetheless, there hasn't been enough discussion in the literature

about the connection between stress, academic performance, and the quality of

one's sleep. Long-term use of the internet for leisure was strongly correlated with

less sleep, but there was no conclusive evidence of this relationship with internet use

17
for research (Kim S. Y., Kim M., 2018). The conclusion of this study is that sleep

deprivation has a greater impact on students’ academic performance.

Chapter III

Research Methodology

Research Design

The study design combined descriptive and correlational methods. The

descriptive method addresses "what" questions, providing a detailed picture of sleep

habits and the perceived impact on students' academic performance. This approach,

even for a familiar topic, could reveal new insights and enrich the understanding of

the issue. Additionally, correlational analysis was used to examine potential

relationships between sleep deprivation and aspects of academic performance, such

as concentration. By investigating these connections, the researchers aimed to

identify any significant associations relevant to the study.

Population and Sample

The population of the study was composed of Grade 12 students under the

Academic Track (HUMSS) enrolled in Talisayan National High School-Senior High

School, San Jose Talisayan Misamis Oriental. There were 71 respondents out of 87

students enrolled in the academic track. The researchers used Slovin's formula

(n=N/1+Ne2), where n was the sample size, N was the population size, and e was

the margin of error.

18
 The sampling procedure that the researchers used was simple random

sampling by using the fish bowl technique which was randomly selected the

respondents in Grade 12 enrolled in the academic track.

Instrumentation

The research instrument was a self-administered survey with a clear

introduction explaining the study's purpose and guaranteeing confidentiality. After

following the instructions to read carefully and select the most fitting answer,

participants provided basic demographic information that was answered in the

survey questionnaire. The research instrument was divided into three sections,

namely A, B, and C. Section A consists of the causes of lack of sleep. Section B

contained the effects of lack of sleep on the brain, and lastly, Section C consists of

questions about the relationship between deprivation and the academic performance

of students. The questions in the survey involved 15 closed-ended questions. All

questions utilized a Likert scale ranged from Strongly Agree (SA), Agree (A), Neutral

(N), Disagree (D), to Strongly Disagree (SD).

Data Gathering Procedure

This quantitative study investigated the impact of sleep deprivation on Grade

12 HUMSS students through a survey. The survey targeted current HUMSS students

to gather data on their sleep habits and academic performance. The researchers first

developed the survey instrument. To ensure its validity and reliability, the researchers

have it reviewed by their teacher. Once it was approved, the researchers would

reproduce enough copies for all participants. In parallel, the researchers prepared a
19
letter requesting permission to conduct the survey and deliver it personally to the

school principal. The survey began with a brief explanation of its purpose and

assured participants of confidentiality. Demographic information was collected to

confirm participants were Grade 12 HUMSS students. To facilitate completion, the

researchers explained the survey details in person during the distribution of the

questionnaires and the request letter. The questionnaires were collected on the

same day they were distributed. Finally, after collecting the data, the researchers

analyzed, evaluate, and explain the results using the statistical treatment utilized in

the study.

Statistical Tool

The frequency count was used by the researchers to compute the data

collected from the respondents. The researchers would analyze the responses from

sections A to C by calculating the percentage. For each question, the researchers

determined the percentage of respondents who chose the option of Strongly Agree,

Agree, Neutral, Disagree, or Strongly Disagree.

20
 CHAPTER IV

Results and Discussion

This chapter delves into the findings of our survey investigating the impact of

sleep deprivation on the academic performance of Grade 12 students. The survey

aimed to answer three key questions: (1) What are the causes of lack of sleep? (2)

What are the effects of lack of sleep towards the academic performance? (3) What is

the relationship between sleep deprivation and the academic performance of

students? The data collected through the questionnaires will be analyzed to address

these questions. The null hypothesis proposes that there is no significant relationship

between sleep deprivation and academic performance. Conversely, the alternative

hypothesis suggests a significant relationship between sleep deprivation and

academic performance. The following sections will present the survey results,

discuss their implications in the context of existing research, and interpret the data

that was gathered. Table no. 1 showed the verbal description and explains how to

interpret the data results. It showed what each range of numerical data means in

words. Higher scores indicate stronger agreement with the statement being

measured.

Table 1. Verbal Description

Range Verbal Description

21
 0.01 to 1.00 Strongly Disagree

1.01 to 2.00 Disagree

2.01 to 3.00 Neutral

3.01 to 4.00 Agree

4.01 to 5.00 Strongly Agree

Strongly Strongly
Agree Neutral Disagree Mean Verbal
Statement Agree Disagree Descripti
(4) (3) (2) (X) on
(5) (1)

Students
struggle with
Strongly
busy schedules 28 39 4 0 0 4.3
Agree
and late-night
activities.

Stress concerns
about work,
school, health,
money, or family Strongly
32 36 3 0 0 4.4
and can keep Agree
your mind active
at night, making
it hard to sleep.

Long-term use of
the internet was
strongly has a 31 31 7 1 1 4.2 Strongly
Agree
connection with
less sleep.

Daytime
tiredness,
irregular sleep
patterns, and 25 41 5 0 0 4.2 Strongly
Agree
sleep deprivation
are some causes
of lack of sleep.

Mental health 33 34 3 1 0 4.3 Strongly

conditions like Agree
anxiety and
depression are
often give rise
to serious

22
sleeping
problems.

Table 2. Causes of lack of sleep

Based on the table above, 41 out of 71 respondents, which is equivalent to

57.7%, agreed that daytime tiredness, irregular sleep patterns, and sleep deprivation

contribute to a lack of sleep. This suggests that these factors are prevalent causes of

sleep issues among grade 12 HUMSS students. Studies have found that students

who report getting insufficient sleep, going to bed late or having irregular sleep

patterns, sleeping in on weekends, and feeling tired during the day tend to perform

worse academically (Jalali et al., 2020). In comparison, 31 out of 71 respondents

agreed, which corresponds to 43.66%, that long-term internet use was also viewed

as a factor influencing sleep; however, it received a lower frequency count.

According to Kim S. Y., Kim M. (2018), there was no solid evidence linking long-term

recreational internet use to reduced sleep, although there was a substantial

correlation between the two. This implies that students perceive sleep habits to have

a stronger association with sleep quality than internet usage.

23
 Table 3. Effects of lack of sleep towards the academic performance
Strongly Strongly
Agree Neutral Disagree Mean Verbal
Statement Agree Disagree
(4) (3) (2) (X) Description
(5) (1)

Getting a good
night's sleep is Strongly
essential for 33 35 3 0 0 4.4
Agree
academic
success.

People who sleep

poorly, wake up
late on weekends,
25 36 6 3 1 4.1 Strongly
and feel tired
Agree
during the day
tend to do worse
in school.

Since I usually go
to bed late
studying during
the week, it's likely
I'm not getting Strongly
25 32 11 2 1 4.1
enough sleep, Agree
which could
explain why I have
trouble focusing in
afternoon classes

Staying up late
makes it hard for Strongly
23 35 7 6 0 4.1
me to focus in Agree
class the next day.

I’m not getting 30 32 7 2 0 4.3 Strongly

enough sleep Agree
which I often feel
tired during the
day, I struggle to

24
keep up with my
schoolwork and
activities.

Table 3 shows the effects of lack of sleep on academic performance. Based

on the data gathered, 35 out of 71 respondents acknowledged the importance of

quality sleep for academic achievement, with 49.2% agreeing with this statement.

Notably, an even stronger sentiment garnered 46. 4%, which is expressed by 33

respondents who strongly agreed with this connection. Lee et al. (2015) state that

while sleep is crucial for attention and memory, both the quantity and quality of sleep

may have an impact on a student's ability to study and their academic achievement.

Sleep deprivation has an impact on our lives, making learning difficult and making us

forgetful. Furthermore, 36 out of 71 respondents, which corresponds to 50.7%,

recognized the negative influence of poor sleep habits on academic performance.

This statement included characteristics like difficulty sleeping, late wake-up times on

weekends, and daytime fatigue. While 1 out of 71 respondents, which is equivalent

to 1.4%, strongly disagreed with this perspective. According to Icon R., Khazaei H.,

et al. (2020), insufficient sleep, more short-term sleep, staying up late, and early

wake-up times have all been linked to poor academic performance and learning

ability. These findings suggest a general consensus among students regarding the

importance of sleep for academic success.

25
 Table 4. Relationship between sleep deprivation and academic performance of
students
Strongly Agre Disagre Strongly
Neutral Mean Verbal
Statement Agree e e Disagree
(3) (X) Description
(5) (4) (2) (1)

Students who
experience poor
sleep quality often
face negative
consequences for Strongly
32 33 6 0 0 4.4
their physical and Agree
cognitive health,
along with their
academic
performance.

Some students
has a problem of
their academic Strongly
25 44 2 0 0 4.3
performance Agree
because of their
poor sleep quality.

The body, mind,

memory, and Strongly
29 36 5 1 0 4.1
learning all Agree
depend on sleep.

Lack of sleep may

affect students’ Strongly
33 32 3 3 0 4.3
academic Agree
performance.

Poor night time 30 37 4 0 0 4.4 Strongly

sleep quality can Agree
affect physical

26
 and cognitive
health of students
and their
academic
performance.

Table 4 shows the results of the researchers’ survey, which included

statements about the relationship between sleep deprivation and the academic

performance of students. Based on the table above, 44 out of 71, corresponding to

61.9% of the respondents, agreed that there is a connection between poor sleep

quality and the academic performance of students. While 25 respondents, which is

equivalent to 35.2% out of 71, strongly agreed on the same statement. This

highlights the prevalence of sleep concerns impacting academic success among

grade 12 HUMSS students. In contrast, there was an overwhelming agreement on

the fundamental role of sleep in overall well-being. According to Schmidt RE and Van

der Linden M., (2015), students’ poor academic performance has been linked to

sleep deprivation. Also on the table above, a total of 36 out of 71 respondents,

garnering 50.7% agreed that sleep is essential for the body, mind, memory, and

learning. Remarkably, 1 out of 71 which corresponds to 1.4%, disagreed with this

statement. According to Alotaibe, A., and Alosaimi, F. et al. (2020), the body, mind,

memory, and learning all depend on sleep. This suggests a widespread

understanding among students about the importance of sleep for their academic

performance.

27
 Chapter V

Conclusion And Recommendations

This chapter presents the researchers' findings and recommendations based

on the survey data collected. The chapter focuses on the identified issues related to

sleep deprivation and its potential impact on the academic performance of Grade 12

HUMSS students at Talisayan National High School. The believed that there is a

significant relationship between sleep deprivation and academic performance.

The majority of respondents reported experiencing daytime tiredness,

irregular sleep patterns, and lack of sleep. These findings align with previous

research highlighting the detrimental effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive

function, memory consolidation, and overall academic success. The strong

consensus among students regarding the importance of quality sleep for academic

achievement further emphasizes the need for promoting healthy sleep habits.

Students clearly recognize the negative influence of poor sleep on their ability to

focus, retain information, and perform well in school. This self-awareness is a crucial

first step towards establishing positive sleep hygiene practices. Finally, the survey

28
underscores the students' understanding of the vital role sleep plays in overall well-

being. The majority of respondents agreed that sleep is essential for not only

academic performance but also for the proper functioning of the body, mind, memory,

and learning. This comprehensive understanding highlights the students' potential to

prioritize sleep as a foundation for holistic success. In conclusion, the findings of this

study provide compelling evidence for a significant relationship between sleep

deprivation and academic performance among Grade 12 HUMSS students at

Talisayan National High School. These results underscore the importance of

promoting healthy sleep habits and educating students about the critical role sleep

plays in academic achievement and overall well-being. Future research directions

could explore the implementation of sleep hygiene interventions within the school

setting and investigate their effectiveness in improving sleep quality and academic

outcomes.

Recommendations

Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are

proposed for various stakeholders:

1. For the Students

1.1 Create a consistent sleep schedule, aiming for 8-9 hours of sleep per

night, even on weekends. This helps regulate the body's natural sleep-wake

cycle, promoting better sleep quality.

1.2 Develop a calming bedtime routine that winds down the mind and body

before sleep. This could include taking a warm bath, reading a book, or

practicing relaxation techniques like deep breathing or meditation.

29
 1.3 Ensure the bedroom is cool, dark, and quiet. Avoid using electronic

devices like phones or laptops before bed as the blue light emitted can disrupt

sleep patterns.

2. For the Teachers

2.1 They should teach the students about the importance of sleep and the

importance of maintaining the habit of sleeping early.

2.2 They should encourage the students to take care of themselves while

learning which includes sleeping early and avoiding staying late.

2.3 They should give students a reasonable work load that allows them to

learn, be productive, and rest at the same time.

3. For the Parents

3.1 Prioritize sleep as a family by establishing consistent sleep schedules for

everyone in the household. This reinforces the importance of sleep for

children.

3.2 Talk openly with your children about the challenges they face regarding

sleep. Offer support and work collaboratively to address any underlying

issues.

3.3 Enforce screen-free time in the bedroom before bed. Encourage

alternative activities like reading or listening to calming music.

4. For the School Institutions

30
 4.1 Implement educational programs for students and parents focusing on

sleep hygiene practices and the connection between sleep and academic

success.

4.2 Provide access to counselors or sleep specialists who can offer

personalized advice and support to students struggling with sleep problems.

4.3 Designate quiet spaces within the school where students can rest during

breaks or free periods, promoting relaxation and potential power naps.

5. For the Policymakers and Public Health Officials

5.1 Fund research initiatives to explore the long-term benefits of delaying

school start times on adolescent sleep patterns and academic performance.

5.2 Develop educational campaigns promoting healthy sleep habits for

teenagers, highlighting the impact on mental and physical health, as well as

academic success.

5.3 Create accessible resources for parents, equipping them with strategies to

guide their children towards healthy sleep habits at home.

6. For the Future Researchers

6.1 Manage your time properly.

6.2 Make sure to divide the tasks equally.

6.3 Always practice honesty upon making the research paper.

31
 REFERENCES

Alfonsi, V., Scarpelli, S. et al.(2020).Later school start time: The impact of

sleep on academic performance and health in the adolescent
population. International Journal of environmental research and
public health 17 (7), 2574. Retrieved from:
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?
hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&as_ylo=2019&scioq=lack+of+study+habits&q=can+la
ck+of+sleep+affect+the+students+academic+performance+&btnG=#d=gs_qa
bs&t=1700900296068&u=%23p%3DSviNnq_lgPgJ

Alotaibe, A., Alosaimi, F. et al.(2020).The relationship between sleep quality

and stress and academic performance among medical
students. Journal of family & community medicine 27(1), 23.
Retrieved from:
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?
hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&as_ylo=2019&scioq=lack+of+study+habits&q=can+la
ck+of+sleep+affect+the+students+academic+performance+&btnG=#d=gs_qa
bs&t=1700899335904&u=%23p%3Df8EUqN6HdTUJ

Bandyopadhyay A., Sigua N.L., (2019), What Is Sleep Deprivation?, Am J

Respir Crit Care Med Vol. 199, P11-P12, 2019 ATS Patient
Education Series, Retrieved from:
https://www.thoracic.org/patients/patient-resources/resources/sleep-
deprivation.pdf

Chen L., Chen J., (2019), Consequences of inadequate sleep during the
college years: Sleep deprivation, grade point average, and college
graduation, Volume 124, Pages 23-28 Retrieved from:

32
 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0091743519301501

Dowdell and Clayton, (2018), Sleepless in College Town: Causes and Effects
of Poor Sleep in College Students, The Review: A Journal of
Undergraduate Student Research Volume 23, Article 6, Retrieved
from:
https://fisherpub.sjf.edu/ur/vol23/iss1/6 a

Hirotsu, C., Tufik, S. Andersen, M., L. (2015).Interactions between

sleep,stress, and metabolism: From physiological to pathological
conditions. Sleep science 8(3), 143-152. Retrieved from:
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?
hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=can+stress+causes+lack+of+sleep
%3F&btnG=#d=gs_qabs&t=1700885989583&u=%23p%3D0omL0mv0xYgJ

Icon R., Khazaei H., et al (2020), The Effect of Sleep Quality on Students’
Academic Achievement, Pages 497-502, Retrieved from:
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.2147/AMEP.S261525

Khemka, P., Dhanuka, P.(2020).Causes of sleep deprivation and its effect

on performance of students and their mental health. Indian Journal
of Health and Wellbeing 11(7-9), 437-442. Retrieved from:
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?
hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=causes+lack+of+sleep
%3F&oq=#d=gs_qabs&t=1700893810106&u=%23p%3DCLANFYb5d6QJ

Kim, S., Y., Kim, M.(2018).Lack of sleep isassociated with internet use for
leisure. PloS one 13(1), e0191713. Retrieved from:
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?
hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=causes+lack+of+sleep
%3F&oq=#d=gs_qabs&t=1700893759848&u=%23p%3Dze9omRIKm14J

Lawson, H., J., Wellens-Mensah, J., T. et al. (2019).Evaluation of sleep

patterns and self-reported academic performance among medical
students at the University of Ghana School of medicine and dentistry.
Sleep Disorders 2019. Retrieved from:
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?
hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&as_ylo=2019&scioq=lack+of+study+habits&q=can+la
ck+of+sleep+affect+the+students+academic+performance+&btnG=#d=gs_qa
bs&t=1700899671949&u=%23p%3D2VOPELzHcZUJ

Lee et al., (2015), Academic Performance among Adolescents with

33
 Behaviorally Induced Insufficient Sleep Syndrome, Volume 11, Issue
01, Retrieved from:
https://jcsm.aasm.org/doi/10.5664/jcsm.4368

Lewis, L.(2021). The interconnected causes and consequences of sleep in the

brain. Science 374 (6567), 564-568. Retrieved from:
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?
hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=causes+lack+of+sleep
%3F&oq=#d=gs_qabs&t=1700896307211&u=%23p%3DihXwhqVLrroJ

Maheshwari, G., Shaukat, F.(2019).Impact of poor sleep quality on the

academic performance of medical students. Cureus 11(4).
Retrieved from:
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?
hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&as_ylo=2019&scioq=lack+of+study+habits&q=
can+lack+of+sleep+affect+the+students+academic+performance+&btn
G=#d=gs_qabs&t=1700898990219&u=%23p%3Dkjh29Y1kIikJ

Martire, V.,L., Caruso, D.(2020).Stress & sleep: A relationship lasting a

lifetime. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 117,65-77.
Retrieved from:
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?
hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=can+stress+causes+lack+of+sleep
%3F&oq=#d=gs_qabs&t=1700892029179&u=%23p%3DvcRFfijpwdAJ

Mehta K. J., (2022), Effect of sleep and mood on academic performance—at

interface of physiology, psychology, and education, volume 9, Article
number: 1 Retrieved from:
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41599-021-01031-1

Monroe, J. (2020, June 3). How Technology and Sleep Deprivation Affect...
Newport Academy.Retrieved from
https://www.newportacademy.com/resources/well-being/technology-and-
sleepdeprivation/

Okano, K., Kaczmarzyk, J. et al.(2019).Sleep quality, duration, and

34
 consistency are associated with better academic performance in
college students. NPJ science of learning 4(1),16. Retrieved from:
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?
hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&as_ylo=2019&scioq=lack+of+study+habits&q=can+la
ck+of+sleep+affect+the+students+academic+performance+&btnG=#d=gs_qa
bs&t=1700898280680&u=%23p%3DmxHMuLhSDuQJ

Pathak N. (2021), What Lack of Sleep Does to Your Mind,

Neha Pathak, MD, FACP, DipABLM, Retrieved from:
https://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/features/emotions-cognitive

Rostam Jalali, Habibollah Khazaei, et al, (2020),The Effect of Sleep Quality

on Students’ Academic Achievement, Pages 497-502 Retrieved from:
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.2147/AMEP.S261525

Schmidt RE, Van der Linden M. (2015), The relations between sleep,
personality, behavioral problems, and school performance in
adolescents. Sleep Med Clin. No. 10(2):117–23. Retrieved from:
https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-022-
14161-1

Short, M. A., Weber, N., Reynolds, C., Coussens, S., et al. (2018), Estimating
adolescent sleep need using dose-response modeling. Sleep,
Volume 41, Issue 4. Retrieved from
https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsy011

Xie, Tang, et al. (2019), New insights into the circadian rhythm and its related
diseases. Front Physiol 10: 1–19, Retrieved from:
doi:10.3389/fpls.2019.00001, 10.3389/fphys.2019.00001.

35
36