KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN:: HYDERABAD REGION

MODEL QUESTION PAPER-2: 2024-25

SUBJECT: PHYSICS
CLASS: XII
TIME:3Hrs MAX MARKS:70
General Instructions
(1) There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
(2) This question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B, Section C, Section D and Section E.
(3) All the sections are compulsory.
(4) Section A contains sixteen questions, twelve MCQ and four Assertion Reasoning based of 1 mark
each, Section B contains five questions of two marks each, Section C contains seven questions of three
marks each, Section D contains three long answer questions of five marks each and Section E contains
two case study-based questions of four marks each.
(5) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in one question in Section
B, one question in Section C, all three questions in Section D and one question in each CBQ in Section E.
You have to attempt only one of the choices in such questions.
(6) Use of calculators is not allowed.

SECTION – A : Each question carries 1M

1 The optical density of turpentine is higher than that of water while its mass density is lower
shows a layer of turpentine floating over water in a container. For which one of the four rays
incident on turpentine in the path shown is correct?

a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4
2 Consider a group of charges q1, q2, q3 …… such that Σq ≠ 0. Then
Equipotential surfaces at a large distance, due to this group are approximately :
a) Plane b) Spherical surface
c) Paraboloidal surface d) Ellipsoidal surface
3 A straight wire is kept horizontally along east-west direction. If a steady current flows in wire
from east to west, the magnetic field at a point above the wire will point towards:
a) East b) West
c) North d) South
4 Two identical small conducting balls B1 and B2 are given -7 pC and +4 pC charges respectively.
They are brought in contact with a third identical ball B3 and then separated. If the final charge
on each ball is -2 pC, the initial charge on B3 was:
a) -2 pC b) -3 pC c) -5 pC d) -15 pC
5 A galvanometer of resistance 100 Ω is converted into an ammeter of range (0-1 A) using a
resistance of 0.1 Ω. The ammeter will show full scale deflection for a current of about
a) 0.1 mA b) 1 mA c) 10 mA d) 0.1 A
6 The current in a coil of 15 mH increases uniformly from zero to 4 A in 0.004s. The emf induced
in the coil will be
a) 22.5 V b) 17.5 V
c)15.0 V d) 12.5 V
7 Consider a solenoid of length l and area of cross-section A with fixed
number of turns. The self-inductance of the solenoid will increase if :
a) both l and A are increased
b) l is decreased and A is increased
c) l is increased and A is decreased
d) both l and A are decreased
8 Coulomb force F versus 1/r2 graphs for two pairs of point charges
𝑞
(q1 and q2) and (q2 and q3) are shown in the figure. The ratio of charges 𝑞1:
3

a)√3 b)1/√3 c)3 d)1/3

9 Electrons drift with speed vd in a conductor with potential difference V
across its ends. If V is reduced to (V/2) their drift speed will become
𝑣
a) 2𝑑 b)𝑣𝑑 c)2𝑣𝑑 d) 4𝑣𝑑
10 In four regions I, II, III and IV, the magnetic field is given by :
I. By = B0 sin kz II. By = B0 cos kz
III. By = B0 sin (kz-ωt) IV. By = B0 sin kz + B0 cos kz
The electromagnetic wave will exist in the region :
a) IV b) I c) III d) II
11 In the phenomena of Diffraction of light when the violet light is used in the experiment is used
instead of red light then,
a) Fringe width increases b) No change in fridge width
c) Fringe width decreases d) Colour pattern is formed
12 The path difference between two waves at the place of destructive interference is given by:
a) multiple of λ b) multiple of λ /2
c) even multiple of λ /2 d) odd multiple of λ /2
Assertion and Reasoning (1 Mark Each)
For questions 13–16, choose the correct option:
a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true, but R is false.
d) A is false, but R is true.
13 Assertion (A): Electric potential (V) is a vector.
Reason (R): In an electric field, a negative charge move from lower potential to higher
potential.
14 Assertion (A): A real object is placed on the optic axis of a lens so that an erect image of twice
the size of the object is obtained. Then the lens must be a convex lens.
Reason (R): Erect image of a real object can be formed by a concave lens as well as convex
lens.
15 Assertion (A): Bohr said that the electrons in stationary orbits around the nucleus do not
radiate.
Reason (R): According to the classical physics, all moving electrons radiate.
16 Assertion (A): Two long parallel wires, freely suspended and connected in series to a battery,
move apart..
Reason (R): Two wires carrying current in opposite directions repel each other.
Section B: Each question carries 2M
17 Two cells of E.M.F. 10 V and 2 V and internal resistances 10 Ω and 5 Ω respectively, are
connected in parallel as shown. Find the effective voltage across R.

18 Name the electromagnetic waves which are produced by the following :

(i) Welding arcs
(ii) Hot bodies
Write one use each of these waves.
19 Two crystals C1 and C2 made of pure silicon, are doped with arsenic and aluminium
respectively.
(i)Identify the extrinsic semiconductors so formed.
(ii)Why is doping of an intrinsic semiconductor necessary?
20 Draw the circuit diagram for studying the V-I characteristics of a p-n junction diode in (i)
forward bias and (ii) reverse bias. Draw the typical V-I characteristics of a silicon diode.
21 (a)(i)Define the terms :’impact parameter’ and ‘distance of closest approach’ for an α -particle
in Geiger-Marsden scattering experiment.
(ii) What will be the value of the impact parameter for
scattering angle (I) θ = 0 and (II) θ = 180 ?
(OR)
(b) Photoelectric emission occurs when a surface is irradiated with the
radiation of frequency (i) v1, and (ii) v2. The maximum kinetic energy
of the electrons emitted in the two cases are K and 2K respectively.
Obtain the expression for the threshold frequency for the surface.
SECTION C: Each question carries 3M
22 (a) What is meant by relaxation time of free electrons in a conductor ?
Show that the resistance of a conductor can be expressed by
𝑚𝑙
R = 𝑛𝜏𝐴𝑒 2, where symbols have their usual meanings.
(OR)
(b) Draw the circuit diagram of a Wheatstone bridge. Obtain the condition when no current
flows through the galvanometer in it.
23 (a). What are the potential and kinetic energies of hydrogen atom at ground state?
(b). Explain Bohr’s second postulate of quantization of energy level, with suitable diagram using
de-Broglie’s hypotheses.
(OR)
State Bohr’s first and second postulates. Use them to derive an expression for the radius of nth
orbit in a hydrogen atom.
24 (a)(i)State Lenz’s Law. In a closed circuit, the induced current opposes the change in magnetic
flux that produced it as per the law of conservation of energy. Justify.
(ii)A metal rod of length 2m is rotated with a frequency 60 rev/s about an axis passing through
its centre and perpendicular to its length. A uniform magnetic field of 2T perpendicular to the
plane of rotation is switched-on in the region. Calculate the e.m.f. induced between the centre
and the end of the rod.
(OR)
(b)(i)State and explain Ampere’s circuital law.
 (ii)Two long straight parallel wires separated by 20 cm, carry 5A and 10A current respectively,
in the same direction. Find the magnitude and direction of the net magnetic field at a point
midway between them.
25 With the help of a circuit diagram, explain the working of a p-n junction diode as a full-wave
rectifier. Also draw its input and output waveforms.
26 A ray is incident on a prism of material of refractive index √2 at point M
such that it grazes along NC after emerging from the prism, as shown in
the figure.

Find :
(a) the critical angle for the prism.
(b) the angle of refraction at face AB.

27 (a)Define atomic mass unit (u).

(b)When 4 hydrogen nuclei combine to form a helium nucleus, estimate the amount of
energy(In MeV) released in this process of fusion. Neglect the masses of electrons and
neutrons. Given,
(i). Mass of Hydrogen atom = 1.087825 u
(ii). Mass of helium nucleus= 4.002603 u
(iii). 1 u =931.5 MeV/c2.

28 A photosensitive surface of work function 2.1eV is irradiated by radiation of wavelength 150

nm. Calculate (i)the threshold wavelength, (ii)energy (in eV) of an incident photon, and
(iii)maximum kinetic energy of emitted photoelectron.

SECTION D : Each question carries 4M

29 Mutual inductance between the two coils is defined as the property of the coil due to which it
opposes the change of current in the other coil, or you can say in the neighbouring coil. When
the current in the neighbouring coil changes, the flux sets up in the coil and because of this,
changing flux emf is induced in the coil called mutually induced emf and the phenomenon is
known as mutual inductance.
The value of mutual inductance (M) depends upon the following factors:

1.Number of turns in the secondary or neighbouring coil,

2.Cross-sectional area,

3.Closeness of the two coils.

When on a magnetic core, two or more than two coils are wound, the coils are said to be
mutually coupled. The current, when passed in any of the coils wound around the magnetic
core, produces flux which links all the coils together and also the one in which current is
passed. Hence, there will be both self-induced emf and mutual induced emf in each of the
coils. The best example of the mutual inductance is the transformer, which works on the
principle of Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. Faraday's law of electromagnetic
induction states that, "the magnitude of voltage is directly proportional to the rate of change
of flux." Read the given passage carefully and give the answer of the following questions:

1. The phenomenon due to which there is an induced current in one coil due to current in a
neighbouring coil is:

(a). electromagnetism (b). susceptance

(c). mutual inductance (d). steady current

2. Mutual inductance between two magnetically coupled coils depends on:

(a). permeability of the core material

(b). number of the turns of the coils

(c). cross-sectional area of their common core

(d). All of the above

3. Which of the following is a unit of inductance?

(a). Ohm (b). Henry (c). Ampere (d). Weber/meter

4. Which of the following circuit elements will oppose the change in circuit current?
 (a). Capacitance (b). Inductance (c). Resistance (d). All of these

5. If in an iron cored coil, the iron core is removed so as to make the air cored coil, the
inductance of the coil will be:

(a). more (b). less (c). the same (d). None of these

30 The British physicist Thomas Young explained the interference of light

using the principle of superposition of waves. He observed the interference
pattern on the screen, in his experimental set double slit experiment. The two slits S 1 and S2
were illuminated by light from a slit S. The interference pattern consists of dark and bright
bands of light. Such bands are called fringes. The distance between two consecutive bright and
dark fringes is called fringe width.
1.If the screen is moved closer to the plane of slits S1 and S2, then
the fringe width :
(a) will decrease, but the intensity of bright fringe remains the same.
(b) will increase, but the intensity of bright fringe decreases.
(c) will decrease, but the intensity of bright fringe increases.
(d) and the intensity both remain the same.

2. What will happen to the pattern on the screen, when the two slits
S1 and S2 are replaced by two independent but identical sources ?
(a) The intensity of pattern will increase
(b) The intensity of pattern will decrease
(c) The number of fringes will become double
(d) No pattern will be observed on the screen

3. Two sources of light are said to be coherent, when both emit light
waves of :
(a) same amplitude and have a varying phase difference.
(b) same wavelength and a constant phase difference.
(c) different wavelengths and same intensity.
(d) different wavelengths and a constant phase difference.

4. The fringe width in a Young’s double slit experiment is β. If the

whole set-up is immersed in a liquid of refractive index ‘µ’, then the
new fringe width will be :
β β
(a) β (b) β µ (c) µ (d) µ2
5. The total path difference between two waves meeting at points
3𝜆
P1 and P2 on the screen are 2 and 2 𝜆 respectively. Then :
(a) bright fringes are formed at both points.
(b) dark fringes are formed at both points.
(c) a bright fringe is formed at P1 and a dark fringe is formed at P2.
(d) a bright fringe is formed at P2 and a dark fringe is formed at P1
SECTION E : Each question carries 5M

31 (i)You are given three circuit elements X, Y and Z. They are connected one by one across a
𝜋
given ac source. It is found that V and I are in phase for element X. V leads I by ( 4 ) for element Y
𝜋
while I leads V by (4 ) for element Z. Identify elements X, Y and Z.
 (ii)Establish the expression for impedance of circuit when elements X, Y and Z are connected in
series to an ac source. Show the variation of current in the circuit with the frequency of the
applied ac source.
(iii)In a series LCR circuit, obtain the conditions under which (i)impedance is minimum and (ii)
wattles current flow in the circuit.
(OR)
(i)Explain with the help of a labelled diagram, the principle and working of an ac generator and
obtain expression for the emf generated in the coil.
(ii) Draw a schematic diagram showing the nature of the alternating emf generated by the
rotating coil in the magnetic field during one cycle.
32 (i)A dielectric slab of dielectric constant ‘K’ and thickness ‘t’ is inserted between plates of a
parallel plate capacitor of plate separation d and plate area A. Obtain an expression for its
capacitance.
(ii)Two capacitors of different capacitances are connected first (1) in series and then (2) in
parallel across a dc source of 100 V. If the total energy stored in the combination in the two
cases are 40 mJ and 250 mJ respectively, find the capacitance of the capacitors.
(OR)
(i)Using Gauss’s law, show that the electric field 𝐸⃗ at a point due to a uniformly charged infinite
𝜎
plane sheet, is given by 𝐸⃗ = 2𝜖 𝑛̂ where symbols have their ususal meanings.
0
(ii)Electric field 𝐸⃗ in a region is given by 𝐸⃗ = (5x2 + 2) 𝑖̂ where E is in N/C and x is in metres. A
cube of side 10 cm is placed in the region as shown in figure.

Calculate (1) the electric flux through the cube, and (2) the net charge enclosed by the cube.
33 (a)(i)Draw a labelled ray diagram of a compound microscope when image is formed at least
distance of distinct vision.
(ii)Define its magnifying power and deduce the expression for the magnifying power of the
microscope.
(iii)A compound microscope has a magnifying power of 100 when the image is formed at
infinity. The objective has a focal length of 0.5cm and the tube length is 6.5cm. Find the focal
length of the eyepiece
(OR)
When a parallel beam of monochromatic source of light of wavelength λ is incident on a single
slit of width , show how the diffraction pattern is formed at the screen by the interference of
the wavelets from the slit.
(i)Show that, besides the central maximum at θ = 0, secondary maxima are observed at θ n =
1
(n+2)λ/a & minima at θn = n λ/a.
(ii) Show that angular width of central maximum is twice the angular width of secondary
maximum and hence find the relation for linear width of central maximum.