“

BEST BOOKS FOR CLASS 10 SCIENCE (2023-2024)

“
2
 Q.1. Which of the following is not a physical change?
(a) Boiling of water to give water vapour
(b) Melting of ice to give water
(c) Dissolution of salt in water
(d) Combustion of Liquefied Petroleum Gas

“
 1. What happens when a solution of an acid is mixed with a solution of a
base in a test tube?
(i) The temperature of the solution increases
(ii) The temperature of the solution decreases
(iii) The temperature of the solution remains the same

“
(iv) Salt formation takes place
(a) (i) only
(b) (i) and (iii)
(c) (ii) and (iii)
(d) (i) and (iv)
 2.Identify gas A in the following experiment.
(a)Nitrogen
(b)Hydrogen
(c)Oxygen
(d)Carbon dioxide

“
 3.Rama gives test tubes A and test-tube B to Seeta. One contains water
and the other contains a dilute solution of sodium hydroxide .Which test
should Seeta use to identify the sodium hydroxide solution ?
(a)Blue litmus solution
(b)Baking soda solution

“
(c)Dilute soap solution
(d)Red litmus solution
 4.Which one of the following can be used as an acid–base indicator by a
visually impaired student?
(a) Blue Litmus
(b) Clove oil
(c) Red cabbage extract

“
(d)Hibiscus extract
 5.The graph given below depicts a neutralization reaction (acid + alkali →
salt + water). The pH of a solution changes as we add excess of acid to an
alkali. Which letter denotes the area of the graph where both acid and
salt are present
(a) A

“
(b)B
(c)C
(d)D
 6.Marble statues are Corroded or stained when they repeatedly come into
contact with polluted rain water .Identify the main reason.
(a)Decomposition of calcium carbonate to calcium oxide.
(b)Polluted water is basic in nature hence it reacts with calcium carbonate .
(c)Polluted water is acidic in nature hence it reacts with calcium carbonate .

“
(d)Calcium carbonate dissolves in water to give calcium hydroxide .
 7.Metal oxides generally react with acids, but few oxides of metal also
react with bases. Such metallic oxides are:
I. MgO II. ZnO III. Al2O3 IV. CaO
(a) I and II
(b) II and III

“
(c) III and IV
(d) I and IV
 8.What do we observe on pouring acetic acid on red and blue litmus
papers?
(a) Red litmus remains red and blue litmus turns red.
(b)Red litmus turns blue and blue litmus remains blue.
(c)Red litmus turns blue and blue litmus turns red.

“
(d)Red litmus becomes colorless and blue litmus remains blue.
 9.Study the following table and choose the correct option :

Salt Parent Acid Parent Base Nature of Salt

(a)Sodium HCl NaOH Basic
chloride

“
(b)Sodium H2CO3 NaOH Neutral
carbonate
(c)Sodium H2SO4 NaOH Acidic
sulphate
(d)Sodium CH3COOH NaOH Basic
Acetate
 10.The image shows the pH values of four solutions on a pH scale.

“
Which solutions are alkaline in nature?
(a) A and B
(b) B and C
(c) C and D
(d) A and D
 11.Match the chemical substances given in Column (A) with their
appropriate application given in Column (B)

Column (A) Column (B)

(A)Bleaching powder (i) Preparation of glass

“
(B)Baking soda (ii) Production of H2 and Cl2
(C)Washing soda (iii) Decolourisation
(D)Sodium chloride (iv) Antacid
(a) A—(ii),B—(i),C—(iv),D—(iii)
(b) A—(iii),B—(ii),C—(iv),D—(i)
(c) A—(iii),B—(iv),C—(i),D—(ii)
(d) A—(ii),B—(iv),C—(i),D—(iii)
 12.A solution of a base with pH 12.1 is given. Which of the following can
be done to decrease its pH?
(P) add distilled water to it
(Q) add a solution of a different base with pH 8.7
(R) add few drops of an acid with an unknown pH

“
A. only P B. only R
C. only P and Q
D. any of P, Q and R
 13.The change in colour of the moist litmus paper in the given set up is
due to
i. presence of acid
ii. presence of base
iii. presence of H⁺(aq) in the solution

“
iv. presence of Litmus which acts as an indicator
(a) i and ii
(b) Only ii
(c) Only iii
(d) Only iv.
 14.Which of the following is(are) true when HCl (g) is passed through
water?

(i) It does not ionise in the solution as it is a covalent compound.

(ii) It ionises in the solution
(iii) It gives both hydrogen and hydroxyl ion in the solution

“
(iv) It forms hydronium ion in the solution due to the combination of
hydrogen ion with water molecule
(a)(i) only (b)(iii) only
(c)(ii) and (iv) (d)(iii) and (iv)
 15. If a few drops of a concentrated acid accidentally spills over the hand
of a student, what should be done?
(a) Wash the hand with saline solution
(b) Wash the hand immediately with plenty of water and apply a paste of
sodium hydrogencarbonate

“
(c) After washing with plenty of water apply solution of sodium hydroxide
on the hand
(d) Neutralize the acid with a strong alkali
 16.The sample of soil from a particular place was tested for its pH value .It
came out to be 5 .Which one of the following should be added to the soil to
make it suitable for plant growth ?
(I) Calcium chloride
(II)Calcium Hydroxide
(III)Calcium sulphate

“
(IV)Calcium oxide

(a) Both (I) and (II)

(b)Both (II) and (IV)
(c)Both (II) and (III)
(d)Only (III)
 17.In which year is concentration of hydrogen ion the highest?
(a)2002
(b)2008
(c)2011
(d)2005

“
 18.Leena was advised by her teacher to wear gloves and use forceps while
dipping the pH paper in the liquids. What was the reason for this advice?
(a) Gloves keep the hands warm.
(b) Forceps provide better grip than bare hands.
(d) Gloves protect hands from corrosive liquids.
(a)Only (I)

“
(b)Only (II)
(c)Only (III)
(d)Both (I) and (II)
 19.The diagram shows the reaction between metal and dil. acid.
What is the reason for different behaviour of Mg in test tube B?
A. Mg is lighter element than dil. HCl
B. Mg reacts with dil. HCl to produce H2 gas which helps in floating
C. Mg reacts with dil. HCl to produce N2 gas which helps in floating
D. Mg reacts with dil. HCl to produce CO2 gas which helps in floating

“
 20.Vinay observed that the stain of curry on a white shirt becomes reddish-
brown when soap is scrubbed on it, but it turns yellow again when the shirt is
washed with plenty of water. What might be the reason for his observation?

i. Soap is acidic in nature

ii. Soap is basic in nature

“
iii. Turmeric is a natural indicator which gives reddish tinge in bases
iv. Turmeric is a natural indicator which gives reddish tinge in acids
A. i and ii
B. ii and iii
C. i and iv
D. ii and iv
 21.In which of the following setups would the bulb glow?
A . i and ii
B . i and iv
C . ii, iii and iv
D . i, ii and iv

“
 22.The table given below shows the reaction of a few elements with acids and
bases to evolve Hydrogen gas.

“ Which of these elements form amphoteric oxides?

A. A and D
B. B and D
C. A and C
D. B and D
 23.A pH paper changes its colour depending on the pH value of the substance
it is dipped in. The picture shows the different colours of a pH paper
Leena tested the pH value of four liquids using a pH paper. The table shows
the shade of the pH paper after it is dipped separately in the four liquids.

“ Which liquid has the lowest concentration of hydrogen ions?

(A)Liquid 1
(B)Liquid 2
(C)Liquid 3
(D) Liquid 4
 24.Study the Experimental set up shown in given figure and choose the
correct option from the following

“
 25.The yellow colour of turmeric changes to red on addition of soap solution.
When substance P is added to turmeric, there is no change in colour. Which
of the following is definitely true about substance P?
A. P is an acid.
B. P is not a salt.

“
C. P is not a base.
D. P is a neutral substance
 26.Consider the pH value of the following acidic samples .The decreasing
order of their H+ ion concenteration is
A. (III) > (IV)> (I) > (II)
B. (II) > (I) > (III)> (IV)
C. (II) > (I) > (IV) >(III)

“
D. (III) > (IV)> (II) > (I)
Sample pH value
(I) Lemon Juice 2.2
(II) Gastric Juice 1.2
(III) Vinegar 3.76
(IV) Dil .acetic acid 3.0
 27.A student makes an arrangement to test the electrical conductivity of
distilled water as shown. The student observe that the bulb does not glow.
What could be the reason the bulb does not glow?
(a)The bulb needs DC source to glow.
(b) The water never conducts electricity

“
(c) The graphite is bad conductor of electricity
(d) The distilled water does not have ions present in it
 28.50.0 mL of tap water was taken in a beaker. Hydrochloric acid was added
drop by drop to water. The temperature and pH of the solution wa noted.
The following graph was obtained.
(I) The process of dissolving an acid in water is highly endothermic.
(II) The pH of the solution increases rapidly on addition of acid.

“
(III) The pH of the solution decreases rapidly on addition of acid.
(IV) The pH of tap water was around 7.0 Select the incorrect observations:
a.(I) and (II)
b.(I) and (III)
c.(III) and (IV)
d.(II) and (IV)
 29.The equation shows the reaction of hydrochloric acid and sodium
hydroxide
HCl + NaOH NaCl + H2O
If the pH of the salt is 7 ,what are the positive and negative radicals in the salt
?

“
(a) Na- negative radical ; Cl- positive radical
(b) Na- positive radical ; Cl- negative radical
(c)Na –Positive radical ; Cl-positive radical
(d)Na –negative radical ; Cl-negative radical
 30.A student placed 10 ml HCl and NaOH in two separate beakers as shown.
In beaker 1,4 mL of NaOH is added whereas in beaker 2,4 mL of HCl is
added. student notes the possible changes in pH in both solutions.
Which change in pH is correct ?
(a)A

“
(b) B
(c)C
(d) D
 31.Sodium hydroxide is termed an alkali while Ferric hydroxide is not because :
(a) Sodium hydroxide is a strong base, while Ferric hydroxide is a weak base.
(b) Sodium hydroxide is a base which is soluble in water while Ferric
hydroxide is also a base but it is not soluble in water.
(c) Sodium hydroxide is a strong base while Ferric hydroxide is a strong acid.
(d) Sodium hydroxide and Ferric hydroxide both are strong base but the

“
solubility of Sodium hydroxide in water is comparatively higher than that of
Ferric hydroxide.
 32. The name of the salt used to remove permanent hardness of water
is:
(a) Sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3)
(b) Sodium chloride (NaCl)
(c) Sodium carbonate dehydrate (Na2CO3.10 H2O)

“
1
(d) Calcium sulphate hemihydrate (CaSO4. 2 H2O)
 33. Few drops of aqueous solution of ammonium chloride are put on a
universal indicator paper. The paper turns pink.
Study the following table and choose the correct option:
Nature Ammonium chloride is a salt of.... Range of pH

“
(a) acidic weak acid and strong base less than 7
(b) basic weak acid and strong base more than 7
(c) Acidic strong acid and weak base. less than 7
(d) basic strong acid and strong base 7
 34.The table below has information regarding pH and the nature (acidic/basic)
of four different solutions. Which one of the options in the table is correct?

“
 35.In the given experimental set-up, if the experiment is carried out separately
with each of the following solutions the cases in which the bulb will glow is/are :

(i) Dilute hydrochloric acid

(ii) Dilute sulphuric acid
(iii) Glucose solution

“
(iv) Alcohol
(a) (i) only (b) (ii) only
(c) (i) and (ii) (d) (ii), (iii) and (iv)
 36.Select the correct option(s) in the following table
(a) (i) only (b) (iii) only
(c) (i) and (iv) (d) (i), (ii) and (iv)

“
 37.Select the correct option from the following :

“
 38.After burning a magnesium ribbon a student collected the ash so formed in
a watch glass. He then dissolved this ash in water and tested the nature (acidic
or basic) of the solution using pH paper and litmus solution. His correct
observation would be :

(a) Its pH is 10 and it turns blue litmus to red.

“
(b) Its pH is 4 and it turns blue litmus to red.
(c) Its pH is 4 and it turns red litmus to blue.
(d) Its pH is 10 and it turns red litmus to blue.
 39.Neetu’s friend suffered a fracture in her foot while riding her bicycle. She
had to be admitted to the Nursing Home and the doctor plastered her foot.
The chemical formula for POP is:

(a) CaSO4 .2H2O

(b) CaSO4 .H2O

“
(c) CaSO4 .1/2 H2O
(d) 2 CaSO4.H2O
 40. During the preparation of hydrogen chloride gas on a humid day, the gas is
usually passed through the guard tube containing calcium chloride. The role of
calcium chloride taken in the guard tube is to
(a) absorb the evolved gas
(b) moisten the gas

“
(c) absorb moisture from the gas
(d) absorb Cl– ions from the evolved gas
 41. Sodium hydrogencarbonate when added to acetic acid evolves a gas.
Which of the following statements are true about the gas evolved?
(i) It turns lime water milky
(ii) It extinguishes a burning splinter
(iii) It dissolves in a solution of sodium hydroxide

“
(iv)It has a pungent odour
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (i), (ii) and (iii)
(c) (ii), (iii) and (iv)
(d) (i) and (iv)
 42.Which of the following statements is correct about an aqueous solution
of an acid and of a base?
(i) Higher the pH, stronger the acid
(ii) Higher the pH, weaker the acid
(iii) Lower the pH, stronger the base

“
(iv) Lower the pH, weaker the base
(a) (i) and (iii)
(b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (i) and (iv)
(d) (ii) and (iv)
 43.Equal volumes of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide solutions of
same concentration are mixed and the pH of the resulting solution is
checked with a pH paper. What would be the colour obtained? (You may
use colour guide given in Figure 2.2

“ (a) Red
(b) Yellow
(c) Yellowish green
(d) Blue
 44.A student makes an arrangement to test the electrical conductivity of
distilled water as shown. The student observe that the bulb does not
glow. What could be the reason the bulb does not glow?
(a)The bulb needs DC source to glow.
(b) The water never conducts electricity

“
(c) The graphite is bad conductor of electricity
(d) The distilled water does not have ions present in it
 45.Identify the correct representation of reaction occurring during
chloralkali process
(a) 2NaCl(l) + 2H2 O(l) → 2NaOH(l) + Cl2 (g) + H2 (g)
(b) 2NaCl(aq) + 2H2 O(aq) → 2NaOH(aq) + Cl2 (g) + H2 (g)
(c) 2NaCl(aq) + 2H2 O(l) → 2NaOH(aq) + Cl2 (aq) + H2 (aq)

“
(d) 2NaCl (aq) + 2H2 O (l) → 2NaOH (aq) + Cl2 (g) + H2 (g)
 46. Assertion (A): It is advised that while diluting an acid one should add water
to acid and not acid to water keeping the solution continuously stirred.
Reason (R): The process of dissolving an acid into water is highly exothermic.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct
explanation of (A).

“
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the
correct explanation of (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
 47. Assertion (A):Sodium hydrogen carbonate is used as an ingredient in
antacids.
Reason (R):NaHCO3 is a mild non –corrosive basic salt.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct
explanation of (A).

“
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the
correct explanation of (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
 48. Assertion (A):Fresh milk in which baking soda is added ,takes a longer time
to set as curd.
Reason (R):Baking soda decreases the pH value of fresh milk to below 6.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct
explanation of (A).

“
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the
correct explanation of (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
 49. Assertion (A):Sodium hydrogencarbonate is used in fire extinguishers.
Reason (R):Sodium hydrogen carbonate is a weak base.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct
explanation of (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the

“
correct explanation of (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.