CHAPTER-6

TRIANGLES
04 MARK TYPE QUESTIONS
Q. NO QUESTION MARK
1. If  ABC   DEF, AB = 4cm , DE = 6cm, EF = 9cm and FD = 12cm. Find the perimeter of the  ABC. 4
2. Are of two similar triangles are 36cm2 and 100cm2. If the length of a side of the larger triangle is 4
20cm. Find the length of the corresponding side of the smaller triangle.
3. In the given figure PA, QB, RC and SD are all perpendiculars to a line l, AB = 6cm, BC = 9cm, 4
CD = 12cm and SP = 36cm. Then, find the PQ, QR and RS.

4. Two students of class X, discuss on criteria for similarity of triangles. First student explain 4
𝐴𝐵 𝐴𝐶
SSS similarity criterion as in ∆ABC and ∆DEF such that ∠A = ∠D and 𝐷𝐸 = 𝐷𝐹, at once
second student said, “It is wrong”. If do you agree with second student, give correct
explanation.
5. ABCD is a trapezium in which AB||DC and P and Q are points on AD 4

and BC, respectively such that PQ||DC. If PD = 18 cm, BQ = 35 cm and QC = 15 cm, find AD.
6. In given fig. S and T trisect QR of right ∆PQR right angled at 4
Q. Prove that 8PT2 = 3PR2 + 5PS2

7. Venkatesh, a student of School of Planning and Architecture is trying to find 4

the height of iconic Vikas Minar, once Delhi's tallest building that was built in
1976 to surpass the Qutub Minar in height. The Minar is located opposite to
his school. If the height of Venkatesh’s school building is 30m casts a shadow
45m long on the ground and at the same time, the minar casts a shadow 123m
long on the ground, then
 a) What is the height of Vikas Minar?
b) Write the criterion of similarity used for answering the question.
c) How tall is Vikas Minar than the Qutub Minar if height of latter is
72.50m?

8. Case Based Question 4

Ram was trying to find the height of the tower near his house. He is using the properties of
similar triangles. The height of Ram’s house is 20 m. When Ram’s house casts a shadow of
10m long on the ground, at the same time, the tower casts a shadow of 50 m long and
Mohan’s house casts a shadow of 20 m long on the ground as shown below.

(i) What is the height of the tower?

(a) 100 m (b) 50 m (c) 45 m (d) 30 m
(ii) What will be the length of the shadow of the tower when Ram’s house casts a
shadow of 15 m?
(a) 75 m (b) 40 m (c) 55 m (d) 60 m
(iii) Height of Mohan’s house is:
(a) 24 m (b) 45 m (c) 40 m (d) 80 m
(iv) If the tower casts a shadow of 40 m, then find the length of the shadow of Mohan’s
house:
(a) 15 m (b) 16m (c) 17 m (d) 18 m

9. Case Based Question 4

Minister of a state went to city Q from city P. There is a route via city R such that
PR⊥RQ. PR = 2x km and RQ = 2(x + 7) km. He noticed that there is a proposal to
construct a 26 km highway which directly connects the two cities P and Q.
 Based on the above information, answer the following questions.

(i) Which concept can be used to get the value of x?

(a) Thales theorem (b) Pythagoras theorem
(c) Converse of thales theorem (d) Converse of Pythagorastheorem

(ii) The value of x is

(a) 4 (b) 6 (c) 5 (d) 8

(iii) The value of PR is

(a) 10 km (b) 20 km (c) 15 km (d) 25 km

(iv) The value of RQ is

(a) 12 km (b) 24 km (c) 16 km (d) 20 km

10. In the below figure, QR = 4 cm, RP = 8 cm and ST = 6 cm. 4

If the perimeter of triangle STU is 27 cm, find the length of PQ. Show your
steps.
11. Shown below is a circle with centre O. YX is the tangent to the circle at y. 4

i) Prove that AZWY - AZYX.

ii) Using part i), find the length of ZY.
 Show your steps and give valid reasons.
12. There is a mirror M situated on the ground. Roshan is watching the reflection of the flag in 4
the mirror. This condition is shown with the help of two triangles in the adjoining figure.If
point P represents head of Roshan and point Q represents top of the pole (in which the
flag is firling). We know with the help of law of reflection,∠ PMG =∠QMF. Answer the
questions given below.
(i) By which criterion of similarity are ∆PGM and ∆QFM similar?
(ii) Find the height of the pole (h).
(iii) What is the ratio between the corresponding sides of these two similar triangles?

13. Below you see a student's mathematical model of a farmhouse roof with measurements. The
attic floor, ABCD in the model, is a square. The beams that support the roof are the edges of 4
a rectangular prism, EFGHKLMN. E is the middle of AT, F is the middle of BT, G is the
middle of CT, and H is the middle of DT. All the edges of the pyramid in the model have
length of 12 m.
(i) Which shape is shown by EFGH?
(ii) What is the length of EF, where EF is one of the horizontal edges of the block?
(iii) Is EF ∥ AB? If yes, why?

14. Class teacher draw the shape of quadrilateral on board. Ankit observed the 4
shape and explored on his notebook
in different ways as shown below. In fig ,
(a) In fig 1, if AB II CD, and DO=3x-19, OB= x-5, OC=x-3 and AO=3, then find
the value of x.
(b) In fig 2, in ΔDEF, if RS ||EF, DR=4x-3 ,DS=8x-7, ER=3x-1
and FS=5x-3, then find the value of x.
 15. Ankita wants to make a toran for Diwali using some pieces of cardboard. She 4
cut some cardboard pieces as shown below. If perimeter of ΔADE and ΔBCE
are in the ratio 2:3.
(i) If the two triangles here are similar by SAS similarity rule, then which
corresponding sides are proportional and find BC.
(ii) Find length of AD and ED.

ANSWERS:

Q. NO ANSWER MARKS
1.
100 202
36
= 𝑥2

400 𝑋36
𝑥 2 = 100
𝑥 2 = 144
X =12

2. 𝐴𝐵 𝐵𝐸 𝐴𝐶
= =
𝐸𝐷 𝐸𝐹 𝐷𝐹

4 𝐵𝐶 𝐴𝐶
= =
6 9 12
BC =6cm
Ac = 8cm
 Perimeter of  ABC = AB + BC + CA
= 4 + 6 + 8 = 18cm

3. Given, AB =6cm, BC = 9cm, CD = 12cm and SP = 36cm. 4

Also, PA, QB, RC and SD are all perpendiculars to line l.

∴ PA II QB II RC II SD
By basic proportionality theorem,
PQ:QR:RS = AB:BC:CD = 6:9:12
Let PQ = 6x, QR = 9x and RS = 12x
Since, length of PS = 36 cm
∴ PQ + QR + RS = 36
⇒ 6x + 9x + 12x = 36
⇒ 27x = 36
4
∴ x = 3627 = 3
4
Now, PQ = 6x = 6 × 3 = 8cm
4
QR = 9x = 9 × 3 = 12cm
4
and RS = 12x = 12 × 3 = 16cm

4. Yes, in ∆ABC and ∆DEF SSS similarity criterion are as follows if sides of one triangle 4
are proportional to the sides of the other triangle then their corresponding angles are
equal and hence the two triangles are similar.
𝐴𝐵 𝐵𝐶 𝐶𝐴
i.e., 𝐷𝐸 = 𝐸𝐹 = 𝐹𝐷.

5. Given, PD = 18 cm 4
BQ = 35 cm
QC = 15cm
Also, AB||PQ
In △ABD,
Given, AB||PQ
So, PO||AB
By BPT, DP/AP = OD/OB -------------- (1)
In △BDC,
Given, DC||PQ
So, OQ||DC
By BPT, OB/OD = BQ/QC
On rearranging,
OD/OB = QC/BQ --------------------------- (2)
Equating (1) and (2),
DP/AP = QC/BQ
So, 18/AP = 15/35
AP(15) = 35(18)
 AP = 7(18)/3
AP = 42 cm
We know, AD = DP + AP
AD = 18 + 42
AD = 60 cm
Therefore, the length of AD is 60 cm.
6. ANSWER 4
7. 123 𝑥 2+1+1
(a) =
45 30
x=82 meters
(b) AA-criterion of similarity
(c ) 82-72.5= 9.5 meters
8. (i) (a) 100 m 4
(ii) (a) 75 m
(iii) (c) 40 m
(iv) (c) 16 m

9. (i) (b) Pythagoras theorem 4

(ii) (c) 5
(iii) (a) 10 km
(iv) (b) 24 km

10. PQ = 6 cm 4
11. 1) Writes that <ZYX = 90 and gives the reason that radius is always 4
perpendicular to the tangent at the point of contact.

Writes that angleZWY = 90° and gives the reason that angle in a
semicircle is always 90".

Writes that, in angle ZWY and angle ZYX:

angleZ is common. angle ZWY = angle ZYX = 90° (using step 1 and 2)

Concludes that angle ZWY - angleZYX by using the AA similarity

criterion.

ii) Uses above step and writes the relation as:

Finds the length of ZY as 30 cm.
12. (i) ∆PGM and ∆QFM are similar by AAA similarity. 4
(ii) By solving PG / QF = GM / FM, we get QF = 15ft
(iii) 1 : 3
13. (i) Square 4
(ii) By using Basic Proportionality Theorem, we can find EF = 6m.
(iii) Yes, EF ∥ BC, because it is passing through the mid points of two sides of the
triangle and it will be parallel to the third side.
14. (a) Since 𝛥𝐴𝑂𝐵 𝑠𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑡𝑜 𝛥𝐶𝑂𝐷 [AA similarity criterion] 4
 𝐴𝑂 𝐵𝑂 3 𝑥−5
= ⇒ =
𝑂𝐶 𝑂𝐷 𝑥−3 3𝑥−19
⇒ 3 (3x -19) =(x-5)(x-3)
⇒9x -57=𝑥 2 -3x-5x+ 15 ⇒𝑥 2 -17x+72 =0
(x-8)(x-9) =0 ⇒ x=8 or 9

(b) Since Δ DRA Similar to ΔDEF (By AA Similarity criterion )

𝐷𝐸 𝐷𝐹 𝐷𝐸 𝐷𝐹
= ⇒ = -1 = -1
𝐷𝑅 𝐷𝑆 𝐷𝑅 𝐷𝑆
𝐷𝐸−𝐷𝑅 𝐷𝐹−𝐷𝑆 𝐸𝑅 𝐹𝑆
⇒ = ⇒ = =
𝐷𝑅 𝐷𝑆 𝐷𝑅 𝐷𝑆
𝐷𝑅 𝐷𝑆 4𝑋−3 8𝑋−7
= ⇒ = =
𝐸𝑅 𝐹𝑆 3𝑋−1 5𝑋−3

⇒ 20𝑥 2 -12x-15x + 9 =24𝑥 2 -8x-21x+ 7

⇒ 4𝑥 2 -2x-2=0
⇒ 2𝑥 2 -x-1 =0
X= 1 satisfies this equation.

15. (i) If ΔAED and ΔBEC, are similar by SAS similarity rule, then their 4
corresponding proportional sides are
𝐵𝐸 𝐶𝐸
=
𝐴𝐸 𝐷𝐸
By Pythagoras theorem, we have
BC = √𝐶𝐸 2 + 𝐸𝐵2 = √42 + 32 =√16 + 9
=√25 =5cm

(ii)If ΔAED and ΔBEC, are similar by SAS similarity rule, then their
𝐵𝐸 𝐶𝐸
corresponding proportional side are =
𝐴𝐸 𝐷𝐸
By Pythagoras theorem ,we have
BC = √𝐶𝐸 2 + 𝐸𝐵2 =√42 + 32 =5cm
Since ΔADE and ΔBCE are similar

𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝛥𝐴𝐷𝐸 𝐴𝐷
=
𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝛥𝑏𝑐𝑒 𝐵𝐶

2 𝐴𝐷 5 ×2 10
= ⇒ AD = = cm
3 5 3 3

𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝛥𝐴𝐷𝐸 𝐸𝐷
=
𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝛥𝑏𝑐𝑒 𝐶𝐸

2 𝐸𝐷 4×2 8
= ⇒ ED = = cm
3 5 3 3