SEMESTER – I

Unit – I : Essentials of Mathematics

Unit – II : Essentials of Physics

Unit – III : Essentials of Chemistry

Unit – IV : Applications of Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry

Unit – V : Essentials of Computer Science

 Unit – I : Essentials of Mathematics
Multiple choice questions

(Remembering)

1. The imaginary part of a complex number cannot be equal to ( B)

a. 1 b. 0 c. infinity d. none of the above
-69
2. i = _____ ( C)
a. -1 b. +1 c. -i d. +i
3. Polar form of complex number ( A)
a. z=reiθ b. z=eir c. θ = zeir d. θ = ze-ir
4. If Z = -a-ib then lZl= ____________ ( C)
a. √a2+b2 b. √(-a)2+(-b)2 c. both a & b d. None of the above
5. If z1 = r1 (cosθ1 + i sinθ1) & z2 = r2 (cosθ2+ i sinθ2) then lz1/z2l ( A)
a. IZ2/Z1I b. IZ1I/Z2 c. z1/IZ2I d. IZ1I/IZ2I
(Understanding)
6. The multiplicative inverse of ( 2 - 4i ) is _________ ( C )
a. 1/10 + 1/10 i b. 1/5+ 1/10 i c. 1/10+ 1/5i d. 1/5+1/5i
7. (-1)4n+3 = __________ ( B )
a. i b.-i c. 1 d. -1
Fill in the blanks
(Applying)
8. Polar form of ( -1 +i ) = √2(Cos3π/4+iSin3π/4)
9. Real value of (1+2i) (1-3i) = 7
10. The value of √-25 x √-9 is = 15

VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

(Understanding and applying)

11. Convert √2eiπ/4 into normal complex number

ANS: 1+i
12. Find value of 1/i -1/i2 + 1/i3 -1/i4
Ans : 0
13. Find the root value of 3-4i
Ans : + (2 – i)
14. If Z =1 + √3i then θ is?
Ans : 600

TRUE OR FALSE

(Remembering and Evaluation )

15. = + [ True/False ] : True

16. . = Z2 [ True/False ] : False

TRIGONOMETRY
(MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS)

(Remembering)

1. In a right angel triangle cosec θ = ________ ( C )

a) Opp.side/Adj. side b) Adj.side/ opp.side c) Hyp/ Opp.Side d) Hyp./Adj.Side
2. Which statement is true ( C )
a. Sin2θ + cos2θ =1 B. sec2θ-tan2θ =1
a. A is true b. B is true c. Both A & B d. None
(Understanding)
3. tan2 60 – sin2 30 = ____________ ( D )
a. 11/4 b. 9/4 c. 7/4 d. 5/4

4 . In a triangle angle B = 900 and A= θ, if AB = 12 AC = 13 then Cot θ is? ( B )

a. 5/13 b. 12/5 c. 13/5 d. 5/12

5. If A= π/6 and B= π/3 then sinAcosB + cosAsinB = ______ ( B )
a. 0 b. 1 c. infinity d. none of these
Fill in the blanks
(Applying and Understanding)
6. Cot2 45 – sin260 = ____1/4____
7. In a right angle triangle ∠A = ∠C then sinA.sin B + CosA. CosB = ___1/√2____

8. sec (90° – A) = cosec A

9. cosec (90° – A) = sec A

10. If tan(A + B) = √3 and tan(A – B) = 1/√3 ; 0° < A + B ≤ 90°; A > B, then A = 45 and B = _15_
 Very Short Answer Questions
(Understanding and Applying)
11. Find value of cot230.sec245 + cosec245.Cos260 ?
ANS : 13/2
12. If θ1 = 300 , θ2 = 450 and then sin2 θ1 + cos2 θ2 = ?
ANS : 3/4
13. If sin 3A = cos (A – 26°), where 3A is an acute angle, find the value of A.
Ans: 290

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

(Remembering)

1. If two vectors are orthogonal vectors then ( A )

a. A.B =0 b. A X B = 0 c. A. B=1 d. A XB =1
2. Magnitude of a unit vector is ( B )
a. 0 b. 1 c. i d. √i
3. The angle between two co-planar vectors is ( D )
a. 0 b.90 c.180 d. cannot say
4. If A.B =A X B then angle between A & B is ( A )
a. π/4 b. π/2 c. π d. 2π
5. If two vectors are at an angle of 0 or 1800 then they are called ?
0
( A )
Collinear b. Co-Planar c. Orthogonal d. Bi-sectional
(Understanding)
6. Magnitude of 2i -3j+4k is ( C )
a. √23 b. √25 c. √29 d. √27
7. A, B are two vectors and A.B = 0 is then tan θ is = ( D )
a) 0 b) 1 c) ½ d) α
8. If A = 2i+3j+k and B = i-2j+2k then 2A-3B = ( B )
a. i+8j+2k b. i+12j-4k c. i+8j-12k d. i+2j+8k
9. i-2j as unit vector __________ ( C )
a. (i-2j)/√3 b. (i+2j)/√3 c. (i-2j)/√5 d.( i+2j)/√5
(APPLYING)
10. P = i-3j+2k, Q = 3i-6k then (2P).(3Q) = __________ ( D )
a. 60 b. -60 c.54 d.-54
11. lAl =3, lBl =4 and θ = π/6 then A X B = __________ ( A )
a. 6 b. 6√3 c.12 d. 12√3
12. If A = 5i+pj-4k and B = 3i+2j+k and A.B= 13 then value of P=_____ ( B )
a. 0 b. 1 c.2 d. 3

FILL IN THE BLANKS

(Understanding and applying)

1. Scalar Product is also called as ______DOT PRODUCT_____________

2. P & Q are two vectors and θ is angle then P X Q = ___IPI IQI Sinθ________
3. A = 2i-j+k, B = i-4j+3k then A – B = ______i+3j-2k_________
4. A = i-3j+2k, B= 2i+3j+2k then A X B = ______-12i+2j+18k_______
5. angle between I-2j+3k and 3i-2j+k is = cos-1(5/7)
VERY SHORT ANSWERS
(Understanding )
6. Define Vectors and Give examples.
Ans : The physical quantities have both magnitude and direction called vectors
Ex: velocity, weight torque and etc…..
7. Define Scalar and give examples
Ans : The physical quantities have only magnitude but not direction called scalars
Ex : mass, speed etc…
8. Define Scalar Product and Write it’s formula.
Ans: A and B are two vectors and θ is angle between them then A.B = A B Cosθ
9. Define cross product and write formula.
ANS : A and B are two vectors and θ is angle between them then A.B = A B Sinθ
(Applying and evaluation)
10. If A= 2i+3j+4k, B = i-2j+3k then find A.B
Ans : 8
11. If A= 2i+3j-5k, B = 2i+6j+3k angle between is 300 find A X B.
Ans : 7√38/2
(Remembering, understanding and applying)
12. State Parallelogram law of vectors.
Ans : If two vectors are acting simultaneously at a point, then it can be represented both in magnitude and direction
by the adjacent sides drawn from a point. Therefore, the resultant vector is completely represented both in direction
and magnitude by the diagonal of the parallelogram passing through the point.
13. State Triangle law of vectors.
Ans : The Triangle Law of Vector Addition is a fundamental concept in physics used to determine the resultant
vector when two vectors are added. This law states that if two vectors are represented by two sides of a triangle
taken in order, then the resultant vector is represented by the third side of the triangle taken in the reverse order.
14. If = find θ.
Ans : 900 (OR) π/2

MATCHING

(Evaluation )

1. A. B (D) a) sin θ
2. Sin θ (F) b) AXB=0
3. If θ = 900 ( E) c) /
4. Cos θ (C) d) AXBX+AYBY+AZBZ
5. AXB (A) e) A.B=0
f) /
TRUE OR FALSE
(Understand, Applying and Evaluation)
1. Force = F ; Torque = T then relation between F and T is T = ( r. F ) (True/False) : FALSE
2. Magnitude of a vector is 0 then it is Null vector (True /False) : TRUE

Multiple choice questions

(Remembering)

1. What is the formula for calculating the mean of a set of numbers? (A)

a. (Sum of observations) / (Number of observations) c. Sum of observations

b. (Number of observations) / (Sum of observations) d. Number of observations

2. If a data set has an even number of observations, how is the median calculated? (A)

a) The average of the two middle values b) The average of all observations

c) The middle value d) The mode of the data set

3. If there is no repeated value in a data set, what can be said about the mode? (A)

a) It does not exist b) It is equal to the median

c) It is equal to the mean d) It is the highest value in the data set

(Understanding )

4. What is the measure of central tendency that is most affected by extreme values? (B)

a) Mean b) Median c) Mode d) Range

 5. If a data set has an even number of observations, which measure of central

tendency is often preferred? (B)

a) Mean b) Median c) Mode d) Range

6. In a skewed right distribution, how do the mean, median, and mode? (A)

a) Mean < Median < Mode b) Mean > Median > Mode

c) Mean < Median > Mode d) Mean = Median = Mode

7. What is the mean of the following data set: {11, 22, 33, 55, 66 }? (D)

a) 37.1 b) 37.2 c) 37.3 d) 37.4

8. Given the data {12, 18, 24, 18, 30}, what is the mean, median, and mode? (A)

a) Mean: 20, Median: 18, Mode: 18 b) Mean: 18, Median: 20, Mode: 24

c) Mean: 18, Median: 18, Mode: 30 d) Mean: 24, Median: 20, Mode: 18

(Applying)

9. Find the Median of 4.1, 5.2, 6.3, 3.6, 2.4, 6.4, 4.6 is (B)

a) 5.2 b) 4.6 c) 4.1 d) 2.4

10. If mean and mode of some data is 4 & 10 respectively the median is (D)

a) 1.5 b) 5.3 c) 16 d) 9

Fill in the blanks

(Applying)

11. Find the median of given set of numbers 2,6,6,8,4,2,7,9 is _____6_____

12. The mode of data is 24 and median is 48 the median is ____60___
13. Below are the results of the students in an exam. Find the mode of given results.
90, 80, 77, 86, 90, 91, 77, 25, 45, 35, 66, 69, 65, 43, 65, 75, 43, 90, 89. Is ___90____
14. The Values of mean and median are as 22.5 and 20 respectively. the value of Mode is _15_

Very short answer questions

(Remembering)
15. Define Mode, Median and Mode of a data.
 Ans : Mean : The average of a data set, calculated by adding all the numbers in the set and dividing by the
total number of values.

Median :The middle value in a data set when the numbers are ordered from least to greatest. If the number of
values is even, the median is the average of the two middle numbers.
Mode :The number that appears most often in a data set. It's possible to have more than one mode if multiple
numbers appear the same number of times.

(Understanding and Applying)

16. If the value of the mean is 10 and the median is 2 less than the mean. Find the Mode.
Ans: 4
17. The Median of the following data 3, 7, 4, 8, 9, 6, 10, 12, 13, 15 is?
Ans: 8.5
18. The mean of 14 numbers is 6. What will be the new mean if 3 is added to every number?
Ans : 9
19. The arithmetic mean of 40 numbers was found to be 38. It was then discovered that the number 56 had been
misinterpreted as 36. Determine the correct mean of the numbers given.
Ans: 38.5
20. The arithmetic mean of the first five numbers is 28. The mean is reduced by 2 when one of the numbers is
removed. Find the number that isn’t included.
Ans: 36

Match the following

(Evaluating)
21. Mean of first 10 prime numbers (C) A) 50.5
22. Mean of first 10 even natural numbers (D) B) 12
23. Median of first 15 ODD natural numbers (E) C) 12.9
24. The median of the first 100 whole numbers (A) D) 10
25. The mode of 11,12,12,13,14,15,11,13,12 is (B) E) 15
True or false
(Understanding and evaluating)
26) The mode is always one of the numbers in a data. (True /False) : TRUE
27) The mean is one of the numbers in a data. (True /False) : FALSE
28) The median is always one of the numbers in a data. (True /False) : FLASE
29) The data 6, 4, 3, 8, 9, 12, 13, 9 has mean 8. (True /False) : TRUE

30) 2 (Median - Mean) = Mode - Mean. (True / False) : FALSE

 ESSENTIALS OF PHYSCS

Remembering (Recall of facts and concepts)

1. Who formulated the laws of motion?

a) Galileo Galilei

b) Isaac Newton

c) Albert Einstein

d) Leonardo da Vinci

Answer: b) Isaac Newton

2. What is the symbol for wavelength in physics?

a) λ (lambda)

b) ν (nu)

c) c (speed of light)

d) f (frequency)

Answer: a) λ (lambda)

3. Which physical quantity has the unit of kg·m/s²?

a) Force

b) Energy

c) Momentum

d) Pressure

Answer: c) Momentum

Understanding (Comprehension of concepts)

4. What is the difference between kinetic energy and potential energy?

a) Kinetic energy is due to an object's motion, while potential energy is due to its position.

b) Kinetic energy is due to an object's position, while potential energy is due to its motion.
c) Kinetic energy is always greater than potential energy.

d) Potential energy is always greater than kinetic energy.

Answer: a) Kinetic energy is due to an object's motion, while potential energy is due to its position.

5. How does the frequency of a wave change when its wavelength increases?

a) Frequency increases

b) Frequency decreases

c) Frequency remains constant

d) Frequency becomes zero

Answer: b) Frequency decreases

6. What is the principle of conservation of momentum?

a) Momentum is always conserved in an isolated system.

b) Momentum is always lost in an isolated system.

c) Momentum is always gained in an isolated system.

d) Momentum is never conserved.

Answer: a) Momentum is always conserved in an isolated system.

Applying (Problem-solving and application of concepts)

7. A 5 kg object moves with a velocity of 2 m/s. What is its kinetic energy?

a) 10 J

b) 20 J

c) 25 J

d) 50 J

Answer: b) 20 J

Laws of Motion

Remembering

8. Who formulated the laws of motion? a) Galileo Galilei

b) Isaac Newton

c) Albert Einstein

d) Leonardo da Vinci

Answer: b) Isaac Newton

Understanding

9. What is Newton's First Law also known as?

a) Law of Universal Gravitation

b) Law of Inertia

c) Law of Momentum

d) Law of Energy

Answer: b) Law of Inertia

Understanding

10. A force of 10 N acts on an object of mass 5 kg. What is its acceleration?

a) 2 m/s²

b) 5 m/s²

c) 10 m/s²

d) 20 m/s²

Answer: a) 2 m/s²

Thermodynamics

Remembering

11. What is the zeroth law of thermodynamics?

a) Heat always flows from hotter to cooler

b) Internal energy remains constant

c) If two systems are in thermal equilibrium with a third, they are also in equilibrium with each other

d) Entropy always increases

Answer: c) If two systems are in thermal equilibrium with a third, they are also in equilibrium with each other

Understanding:

12. What is the unit of entropy?

a) Joule (J)

b) Kelvin (K)

c) Joule/Kelvin (J/K)

d) Watt (W)

Answer: c) Joule/Kelvin (J/K)

Acoustic Waves

Remembering:

13. What type of wave is a sound wave?

a) Longitudinal

b) Transverse

c) Electromagnetic

d) Mechanical

Answer: a) Longitudinal

Understanding:

14. What is the speed of sound in air at room temperature?

a) 343 m/s

b) 331 m/s

c) 300 m/s

d) 250 m/s

Answer: b) 331 m/s

Applying:

15. What is the frequency range of human hearing?

a) 20 Hz - 20 kHz

b) 10 Hz - 10 kHz

c) 50 Hz - 50 kHz

d) 100 Hz - 100 kHz

Answer: a) 20 Hz - 20 kHz

Electromagnetic Waves

Remembering:

16. What is the speed of light in vacuum?

a) 3 x 10^8 m/s

b) 2 x 10^8 m/s

c) 1 x 10^8 m/s

d) 4 x 10^8 m/s

Answer: a) 3 x 10^8 m/s

Understanding:

17. Which electromagnetic wave has the highest frequency?

a) Gamma ray

b) X-ray

c) Ultraviolet

d) Infrared

Answer: a) Gamma ray

Applying:

18. What is the wavelength of visible light?

a) 400-700 nm

b) 100-400 nm

c) 700-1000 nm
d) 1000-1400 nm

Answer: a) 400-700 nm

Electromagnetic Field Interactions

Remembering:

19. What is the force between two charges?

a) Coulomb's Law

b) Newton's Law

c) Lorentz Force

d) Ampere's Law

Answer: a) Coulomb's Law

Understanding:

20. What is the direction of the magnetic field around a current-carrying wire?

a) Parallel to the wire

b) Perpendicular to the wire

c) Circular

d) Radial

Answer: c) Circular

Applying:

21. A charged particle moves through a magnetic field. What is the force experienced?

a) Electric force

b) Magnetic force

c) Lorentz force

d) Gravitational force

Answer: c) Lorentz force

Behaviour of Atomic and Nuclear Particles

Remembering:

22. What is the atomic number of hydrogen?

a) 1

b) 2

c) 3

d) 4

Answer: a) 1

Understanding:

23. What is the nuclear reaction involving fusion of two hydrogen nuclei?

a) Nuclear fission

b) Nuclear fusion

c) Radioactive decay

d) Ionization

Answer: b) Nuclear fusion

Applying:

24. What is the unit of nuclear cross-section?

a) Barn (b)

b) Meter (m)

c) Second (s)

d) Kelvin (K)

Laws of Motion (Basic)

Remembering:

25. Newton's _________ Law relates force, mass, and acceleration. (Answer: Second)

26. According to Newton's Third Law, every action has an equal and opposite _________. (Answer: reaction)

Understanding:
27. The _________ of an object remains constant unless acted upon by an external force. (Answer: momentum)

28. The _________ of a force is the product of the force and the displacement. (Answer: work)

Applying:

29. The force of friction opposes _________ motion. (Answer: relative)

30. The kinetic energy of an object is proportional to the square of its _________. (Answer: velocity)

Thermodynamics (Basic)

Remembering:

31. The zeroth law of thermodynamics defines _________ temperature. (Answer: absolute)

32. The Carnot cycle is an idealized _________ cycle. (Answer: thermodynamic)

Understanding:

33. Heat transfer occurs from an area of _________ temperature to an area of lower temperature. (Answer: higher)

34. The efficiency of a heat engine is limited by the _________ principle. (Answer: second law)

Applying:

35. The _________ of a system remains constant in an isolated system. (Answer: internal energy)

36. Entropy is a measure of the _________ of a system. (Answer: disorder)

Acoustic Waves (Basic)

Remembering:

37. Sound waves are a type of _________ wave. (Answer: longitudinal)

38. The wavelength of a sound wave is related to its _________ by λ = v / f. (Answer: frequency)

Understanding:

39. The speed of sound in air is approximately _________ m/s. (Answer: 331)

40. The intensity of a sound wave is proportional to the square of its _________. (Answer: amplitude)

Applying:

41. The frequency range of human hearing is _________ Hz. (Answer: 20-20,000)

42. Echoes are caused by the _________ of sound waves. (Answer: reflection)
Electromagnetic Waves (Basic)

Remembering:

43. Electromagnetic waves propagate through the _________ at a speed of 3 x 10^8 m/s. (Answer: vacuum)

44. The electromagnetic spectrum includes, in order of increasing frequency, _________, microwave, infrared,
visible, ultraviolet, X-ray, and gamma radiation. (Answer: radio)

Understanding:

45. Radio waves, microwaves, and infrared radiation are types of _________ waves. (Answer: electromagnetic)

46. Electromagnetic waves can exhibit both _________ and wave-like behavior. (Answer: particle)

Applying:

47. The visible spectrum of light has a wavelength range of _________ nm. (Answer: 400-700)

48. The speed of electromagnetic waves in a medium is affected by its _________. (Answer: refractive index)

Electromagnetic Field Interactions (Basic)

Remembering:

49. The force between two charges is described by _________ Law. (Answer: Coulomb's)

50. The electric field inside a conductor is _________. (Answer: zero)

Understanding:

51. A current-carrying wire generates a _________ field. (Answer: magnetic)

52. Ampere's law relates the magnetic field to the _________ current. (Answer: enclosed)

Applying:

53. The Lorentz force acts on charged particles in a _________ field. (Answer: magnetic)

54. Faraday's law of induction describes the _________ of the magnetic flux. (Answer: time derivative)

Behaviour of Atomic and Nuclear Particles (Basic)

Remembering:

55. Protons and neutrons are found in the _________ of an atom. (Answer: nucleus)

56. The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of _________ protons. (Answer: positively charged)
Understanding:

57. Electrons occupy specific _________ levels. (Answer: energy)

58. Nuclear reactions involve changes to the _________ of atoms. (Answer: nucleus)

Applying:

59. Radioactive decay involves the emission of _________ radiation. (Answer: alpha, beta, gamma)

60. Particle accelerators use electromagnetic fields to _________ charged particles. (Answer: accelerate)

Wave Particle Duality (Basic)

Remembering:

61. Louis de Broglie proposed the concept of _________ duality. (Answer: wave-particle)

62. The Heisenberg uncertainty principle relates to the _________ of particles. (Answer: position and
momentumAnswer: a) Barn (b)

Understanding:

63. The double-slit experiment demonstrates the _________ nature of light. (Answer: wave-like)

Applying:

64. Particles can exhibit both wave-like and _________ behavior. (Answer: particle-like)

Thermodynamics

Match the following terms with their definitions:

65. Isothermal process ( ) A) Transfer of energy from one body to another

66. Adiabatic process ( ) B) Measure of disorder or randomness

67. Carnot cycle ( ) C) Idealized thermodynamic cycle

68. Entropy ( ) D) Process with constant temperature

69. Heat transfer ( ) D) Process with constant temperature

Answers:

65. D) Process with constant temperature

66. E) Process with no heat transfer

67. C) Idealized thermodynamic cycle

68. B) Measure of disorder or randomness

69. A) Transfer of energy from one body to another

Electromagnetics

Match the following terms with their definitions:

70. Coulomb's Law ( ) A) Force between two charged particles

71. Ampere's Law ( ) B) Relation between magnetic field and current

72. Faraday's Law ( ) C) Induced emf due to changing magnetic flux

73. Lorentz Force ( ) D) Force on charged particle in magnetic field

74. Electromagnetic induction ( ) E) Principle of electromagnetic wave propagation

Answers:

70.A) Force between two charged particles

71.B) Relation between magnetic field and current

72.C) Induced emf due to changing magnetic flux

73.D) Force on charged particle in magnetic field

74.E) Principle of electromagnetic wave propagation

Behaviour of Atomic and Nuclear Particles

Match the following terms with their definitions:

75. Atomic number ( ) A) Energy required to remove electron from atom

76. Mass number ( ) B) Process of nuclear splitting

77. Nuclear fission ( ) C) Spontaneous emission of radiation

78. Radioactive decay ( ) D) Number of protons in atomic nucleus

79. Ionization energy ( ) E) Sum of protons and neutrons in atomic nucleus

Answers:
75. D) Number of protons in atomic nucleus

76. E) Sum of protons and neutrons in atomic nucleus

77. B) Process of nuclear splitting

78. C) Spontaneous emission of radiation

79. A) Energy required to remove electron from atom

Units and Measurements

(Remembering)

80. The SI unit of length is the _________ (Answer: meter)

81. The instrument used to measure electric current is called an _________ (Answer: ammeter)

Units and Measurements

(Understanding)

82. The concept of _________ states that physical quantities can be expressed in terms of base units. (Answer:
dimensional analysis)

83. Converting units from one system to another involves _________ (Answer: conversion factors)

Units and Measurements

(Applying)

84. If a ruler has a precision of 0.1 mm, what is the uncertainty in a measurement of 5.6 cm? _________ (Answer:
±0.1 mm)

85. A force of 50 N acts on an object. What is the resulting acceleration if the object has a mass of 10 kg?
_________ (Answer: 5 m/s^2)

Wave Particle Duality

(Remembering)

86. The _________ experiment demonstrated the wave-like behavior of electrons. (Answer: double-slit)

87. Louis de Broglie proposed the concept of _________ (Answer: wave-particle duality)

88. Photons exhibit both wave-like and _________ behavior. (Answer: particle-like)

Wave Particle Duality

(Understanding)

89. The Heisenberg _________ principle relates to the uncertainty in measuring position and momentum. (Answer:
uncertainty)

90. Wave-particle duality is a fundamental concept in _________ mechanics. (Answer: quantum)

91. The Compton effect demonstrates the _________ nature of light. (Answer: particle-like)

Wave Particle Duality

(Applying)

92. If a photon has an energy of 2 eV, what is its frequency? _________ (Answer: 4.83 x 10^14 Hz)

93. An electron beam passes through a double-slit apparatus. What is the resulting interference pattern? _________
(Answer: an interference pattern with bright and dark regions)

Thermodynamics

(Remembering)

94. The zeroth law of thermodynamics defines _________ temperature. (Answer: absolute)

95. Heat transfer occurs from an area of _________ temperature to an area of lower temperature. (Answer: higher)

96. The _________ of a system remains constant in an isolated system. (Answer: internal energy)

Thermodynamics

(Understanding)

97. The Carnot cycle is an idealized _________ cycle. (Answer: thermodynamic)

98. The efficiency of a heat engine is limited by the _________ principle. (Answer: second law)

99. Entropy is a measure of the _________ of a system. (Answer: disorder)

Thermodynamics

(Applying)

100. A system undergoes a reversible isothermal expansion. What is the change in entropy? _________ (Answer:
ΔS = Q / T)

Waves

(Remembering)
101. The speed of a wave is given by the equation v = _________ (Answer: λf)

102. The wavelength of a wave is related to its frequency by λ = _________ (Answer: v / f)

103. Transverse waves have oscillations _________ to the direction of propagation. (Answer: perpendicular)

(Understanding)

104. Wave propagation involves the transfer of _________ (Answer: energy)

105. The superposition principle states that when two waves overlap, the resulting wave is the _________ of the
individual waves. (Answer: sum)

106. Standing waves result from the _________ of waves. (Answer: interference)

Units and Measurements

Remembering:

107. What is the SI unit of measurement for electric charge?

Answer: Coulomb (C).

108. What instrument measures pressure?

Answer: Manometer.

Understanding:

109. How does dimensional analysis facilitate unit conversions?

Answer: By expressing physical quantities in terms of base units.

Applying:

110. Convert 1000 millimeters to meters.

Answer: 1 meter.

Wave Particle Duality

Remembering:

111. Who proposed wave-particle duality?

Answer: Louis de Broglie.

Understanding:
112. How does the Heisenberg uncertainty principle relate to wave-particle duality?

Answer: It limits simultaneous measurement of position and momentum.

Applying:

113. Calculate the de Broglie wavelength of an electron with momentum 5 kg·m/s.

Answer: 1.33 x 10^-10 m.

Thermodynamics

Remembering:

114. State the zeroth law of thermodynamics.

Answer: If two systems are in thermal equilibrium with a third, they are also in equilibrium with each other.

Understanding:

115. Explain the Carnot cycle.

Answer: An idealized thermodynamic cycle maximizing efficiency.

Waves

Remembering:

116. Define wave speed.

Answer: Distance traveled per unit time.

Understanding:

117. Describe the superposition principle.

Answer: When two waves overlap, the resulting wave is their sum.

Applying:

118. Calculate the frequency of a wave with wavelength 2 m and speed 4 m/s.

Answer: 2 Hz.

Electromagnetic Induction

Remembering:

119. State Faraday's law of induction.

Answer: Induced emf equals rate of change of magnetic flux.

Understanding:

120. Explain Lenz's law.

Answer: Induced current opposes change in magnetic flux.

Question Bank for Essentials of Chemistry

MCQ’S :

DOMAIN : REMEMBERING

1. What does the scope of chemistry include? [ ]

A) Only organic compounds
B) Only physical properties of matter

C) Both organic and inorganic compounds

D) None of these above

2. Which of the following is not part of the scope of chemistry? [ ]

A) Studying the structure of atoms
B) Investigating the properties of materials

C) Analyzing economic trends

D) Understanding chemical reactions

3. Biochemistry deals with? [ ]

A) Physical changes in living organisms only

B) Chemical changes in living organisms only
C) Genetically changes in living organisms
D) Physical and chemical changes in living organisms

4.What branch of chemistry deals with the study of carbon compounds [ ]

A) Organic chemistry B) Inorganic chemistry C) Physical chemistry D) Analytical chemistry

5. Gold is [ ]
A) Mixture B) Compound C) Element D) None
6.What is the basic structures unit of bimolecular carbohydrates? [ ]

A) Monosaccharide B) Disaccharide C)Polysaccharide D) Oligosaccharide

7.Which of the following is the general formula of carbohydrates? [ ]

A) (CuH2O)n B) (C6H2O) C)(CH2O)n D)(C2H2O)n COOH

8.General Formula for Glucose [ ]

a) C6H12O6 b) CH3COOH c) C12H22O11 d) C6H5OH

9.What is the basic building block of proteins? [ ]

A) Amino acid B) Fatty acid C)Monosaccharide D) Nucleotide

10. How many essential amino acids are these in the human body? [ ]
A) 5 B) 10 C) 15 D) 20
11. Which of the following proteins was first sequenced by Frederick sugar [ ]
A) Myosin D) Insulin C) Myoglobin C) Hemoglobin
12.Which vitamin is known as the “sunshine vitamin” because it can be synthesized by the skin when

exposed to sunlight? [ ]

A) Vitamin A B) Vitamin C C) Vitamin D D) Vitamin K

13.Which of the following is a fat- soluble vitamin? [ ]

A)Vitamin B B)vitamin C C) Vitamin B12 D) Vitamin K

14.What does the Electronic configuration of an atom represent? [ ]

a. Atomic Mass
b. Arrangement of Electrons in energy levels
c. Number of proteins in the Nucleus
d. Density of the Nucleus

15.What does the Pauli-Exclusion Principle State? [ ]

a) Electrons Repel Each other

b) Electrons occupy Same orbital with Opposite Spins
c) Electrons Move in Circular orbitals
d) Electrons have negligible massage
16.The atomic number Lead is ? [ ]

a) 81
b) 78
c) 82
d) 79

17..What is chemical Changes? [ ]

a. Change In State
b. Change In shape
c. Change In Composition
d. Change In Density

18.What is a Product in a chemical reaction ? [ ]

a. Starting Material
b. Resulting Substance
c. Catalyst
d. Reactant

19.Sublimation Compound is : [ ]
a) Lead b) Mercury c) Camphor d) water

Answers: 1.C 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.C 8.A 9.A 10.D 11.B 12.C 13.D 14.B 15.B 16.C 17.C 18.B 19.C

DOMAIN : UNDERSTANDING
1. Which branch of chemistry focuses on the study of carbon containing compound’s? [ ]
A) Inorganic chemistry
B) Organic chemistry
C) Physical chemistry
D) Analytical chemistry
2. What aspect of chemistry explores the behavior of substances in terms of energy changes?[ ]
A) Analytical chemistry
B) Physical chemistry
C) Biochemistry
D) Inorganic chemistry
3. Branch of chemistry dealing with the plantation and overcoming greenhouse is? [ ]
A) Biochemistry B) Organic chemistry c) Environmental chemistry D) Inorganic
4. Water can boil at 100 degrees Celsius. What type of change this? [ ]
A) Chemical changes B) Physical changes C) Both D) None
5. What type of a mixture is coffee? [ ]
A) A Homogeneous mixture B) A Heterogeneous mixture C) Both D) None
6. Vegetable soup is a [ ]
A) Compound B) Elements C) Homogeneous mixture D) Heterogeneous mixture
7. Tap water is a mixture [ ]

A) Homogeneous B) Heterogeneous C) Both D) None

8. Which of the following is an example of a disaccharide? [ ]

A) Glucose B) fructose C) maltose D) starch

9. Which level of protein structure involves the folding and bending of the polypeptide chain? [ ]
A) Primary B)Secondary C)Tertiary D)Quaternary
10. Which type of fat is typically solid at room temperature and is often found in animal products? [ ]
A) Saturated fat B) Unsaturated fat C)Trans fat D)Monounsaturated fat
11. What is the main function of vitamin C ? [ ]
A) Bone formation B) Blood clotting C)Antioxidant protection D) Wound healing
12. What is the primary role of omega-3 fatty acids the body? [ ]
A) Energy storage B) Nervous system support C) Muscle contraction D) Blood clotting
13. In The Electronic configuration 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s¹ which Energy level contains the
Valence Electrons ? [ ]
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4

14. Which of the Following is Not a Chemical Change Characteristic? [ ]

a. Change In Color
b. Change In State
c. Production of sound
d. Change In smell
15. Chemicals are added to food for [ ]

a) Preservation b) Nutritive value c) Anti-oxidants d) All of the above

16. which drugs are effective in Cancer therapy? [ ]

A) Cisplatin B) Aspirin C) Taxol D) Both A&B

17.Which industry contribute the economy of a nation? [ ]

A) Cinema Industry. C) Real-estate.
B) Chemical Industry D) none of the above
18.Which principle is used for functioning of brain and operation of a computer? [ ]

A)Physics Principle C) Psychology Principle

B)Biology principle D) Chemistry Principle

Answers : 1.B 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.D 7.A 8.C 9.B 10.A 11.C 12.A 13.A 14.D 15.D 16.D 17.B 18.D

DOMAIN : APPLICATIONS
1. What is the primary focus of analytical chemistry? [ ]

A) The study of the composition of substances and the development of new materials.
B) The study of chemical reactions and energy changes.
C) The identification and measurement of substances.
D) The study of biological processes.

2. Which of the following is an example of a physical change? [ ]

A) Burning wood.
B) Dissolving sugar in water.
C) Cooking an egg.
D) Rusting of Iron.

3. The presence of which of the following carbohydrates in the diet is most important for regulating blood
sugar levels? [ ]

A) Mono saccharides
B) Disaccharides
C) Poly saccharides
D) Fiber

4. Which of the following is an application of protein folding research? [ ]

A) Cancer treatment
B) Genetic modification
C) Drug design
D) Photo synthesis enhancement

5. Which vitamin is known for its anti oxidant properties and helps protect cells from damage? [ ]

A) Vitamin A B) Vitamin C C) Vitamin E D) Vitamin K

6. Which of the following elements is most likely to from a cation with a charge of +1? [ ]

A) Magnesium (mg)
B) Sodium (Na)
C) Chlorine (cl)
D) Oxygen (o)

7. Which chemical change is responsible for the browning of an apple after it is cut? [ ]

A) Freezing B) Oxidation C) Combustion D) Evaporation

8. Why are detergents important in daily life from a chemistry perspective? [ ]

A) They can burn easily.
B) They break down oils and dirt through chemical reactions.
C) They produce oxygen
D) They create fire.

9. What type of chemistry would be involved in studying the effects of pollutants on the
environment? [ ]

A) Bio chemistry
B) Environmental chemistry
C) Physical chemistry
D) Organic chemistry

10. Which of the following is a primary application of chemistry in the pharmaceutical industry? [ ]

A) Development of new materials

B) Synthesis of drugs and medicines.
C) Water purification.
D) Environmental monitoring.

11. Which branch of chemistry is most involved in the study of chemical reactions and energy
changes? [ ]

A) Organic chemistry
B) In organic chemistry
C) Physical chemistry
D) Environmental chemistry.

12. What type of matter has a definite shape and a definite volume? [ ]

A) Solid B) Liquid C) Gas D) Plasma

13. Which carbohydrate is primarily used by plants for energy storage ? [ ]

A) Glucose B) Glycogen C) Starch D) Cellulose

14. Which protein based therapeutic product is used in the treatment of diabetes ? [ ]

A) Hemoglobin B) Insulin C) Collagen D) Myosin

15. Which of the following is a fat soluble vitamin ? [ ]

A) Vitamin c
B) Vitamin B1
C) Vitamin A
D) Vitamin B12
16. The electronic configuration of an atom help to determine ? [ ]

A) The number of proton’s in the atom.

B) The stabilits of the atom
C) The mass of the atom
D) The type of chemical bonding the atom can from

17. In which of the following processes is energy absorbed leading to a cooling effect ? [ ]

A) Combustion
B) Freezing
C) Evaporation
D) Condensation

18. Which house hold product is an example of a chemical compound used in cleaning ? [ ]

A) Salt B) Vinegar C) Baking soda D) All of the above

Answers : 1.C 2.B 3.D 4.C 5.C 6.B 7.B 8.B 9.B 10.B 11.C 12.A 13.C 14.B 15.C 16.D

17.C 18.D

Fill in the blanks:

DOMAIN : CREATING

1. The scope of chemistry includes the study of .

2. Geo chemistry is an in depth study system of .
3. What is the basic building block of matter .
4. The most abundant bio molecule on the earth .

5. is not a classified form of conjugated proteins.

6. 6.Which vitamin is for beauty .

7. Chemical name of vitamin K is .

8. vitamin deficiency causes Pellagra

9. vitamin deficiency causes Dermatitis,Hair loss

10. Chemical name of vitamin B12 is .

11. Chemical name of vitamin C is .

12 vitamin deficiency causes Rickets

13. The Electronic configuration of an atom describe the Distribution of Electrons in its various
.

14._______________change involves the transformation of substances

15. AIDS means

16. is to generate employment.

Answers : 1.Matter 2.Earth System And Environmental Chemistry 3.Atom 4.Carbohydrates 5.Complete
Proteins 6.Vitamin K 7.Phylloquinone 8.vitamin (B7) 9.Biotin (vitamin B7) 10.Cyanocobalamin 11.Ascorbic
Acid 12.vitamin D (or) Calcium 13.Orbitals 14.Chemical 15.Anti-immune deficiency syndrome
16.Chemical industry

DOMAIN : ANALYSING

1. Definition of chemistry?
a) Chemistry is the scientific discipline that investigates the properties, composition, structure and changes of
matter. It encompasses the study of various substances, their interactions and the underlying principles
governing chemical reactions.

2. What are the five major branches of chemistry ?

Ans) the five major branches of chemistry are organic chemistry ,inorganic chemistry,analytic
chemistry,physical chemistry ,bio chemistry.
3. Classification of matter definition:
Ans: The classification of matter involves categorizing substances into pure substances (elements and
compounds) and mixtures (homogeneous and heterogeneous) based on their composition and properties.

4. What called carbohydrates?

Ans: Carbohydrates are a type of macro nutrient found in certain foods and drinks, sugars, starches and fiber
are carbohydrates.

5. What is protein?
Ans: Proteins are large, complex molecules that play many critical roles in the body.

6. Which type of facts are good?

Ans : Monounsaturated fat and polyunsaturated fats are healthy fats. They can help to maintain healthy
cholesterol levels.

7. What are the functions of vitamin B12 in our body?

A ) . May prevent major birth detects, Help with red blood cells formation and anemia prevention, May
support bone health and prevent osteoporosis, Main improve mode of symptoms of depress

8. Give two food supplements which have vitamin E?

A: Wheat germ oil, Sunflower seeds, Almonds,peanuts, peanut butter, Pumpkin.

9.What are the functions of vitamin C in our body?

A:Antioxidant, Immunity Booster. Collagen Creator, Required for neurotransmitter, Function (i.e epinephrine,
norepinephrine, dopamine,etc..), Muscle contraction, Nerve impulse transmission.

10.Name any two vitamins which are insoluble in water

A: vitamin A,D,E, and K are fat soluble are insoluble in water.

. They are stored in liver and adipose tissue.

11.What is The Electronic configuration?

a) the arrangement or distribution of electrons in various shells or orbits around the nucleus of an atom .

12. Examples of chemical Change in Everyday life?

a) i) burning of paper and log of wood

ii) digestion of food
iii) boiling an egg
iv) chemical battery usage
v) baking cake

13. What is the role of Chemistry in our daily life?

Ans :- It plays a key role in human needs like Food and industry.

MATCHING :
DOMAIN : EVALUATING
1)Organic chemistry [ ] A)study of matter
2)Physical chemistry [ ] B)analysis of chemical reactions
3)Analytical chemistry [ ] C)exploration of energy changes
4)Inorganic chemistry [ ] D)Investigation of atomic structure
Answers : 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.D

1)Organic chemistry [ ] A) The structure ,properties and reactions of non carbon

2)In organic chemistry [ ] B) physical properties of chemical compounds

3)Physical chemistry [ ] C) The biological structure composition and chemical structure

4)Bio chemistry [ ] D) The studies of chemical compounds containing carbon compounds

Ans: 1.D 2.A 3.B 4.C

1)Heterogeneous mixture [ ] A) Sugar solution
2)Compound [ ] B) air
3)Homogeneous mixture [ ] C) iron
4)Homogeneous mixture [ ] D) oil and vinegar dressing in salads
5)Elements [ ] E) Table salt (or) sodium chloride

Answers : 1.D 2.E 3.A 4.B 5.C

1)Monosaccharide [ ] A)Composed of two monosaccharide units linked together

2)Disaccharide [ ] B)simplest form of bimolecular carbohydrates
3)Polysaccharide [ ] C)Main source of energy in the body
4)Oligosaccharide [ ] D)Long chains of monosaccharide units often serving as
Structural components

Answers : 1.B 2.A 3.D 4.C

1) Amino acid [ ] A) Building blocks of proteins

2) Primary structure [ ] B) Three – dimensional structure of a protein
3) Enzyme [ ] C) Specific Sequence of amino acids in a protein
4) Tertiary Structure [ ] D) Catalysts that facilitate chemical reaction
Answers : 1.A 2.C 3.D 4.B

1) Saturated Fat [ ] A)Essential far blood clotting

2)omega-3 fatty acids [ ] B)Solid at room temperature, often from a sources
3) Vitamin K [ ] C) Fats with a double bond usually liquid at room temperature
4) Vitamin A [ ] D) thiamine
5) vitamin b1 [ ] E) pyridoxine
6) vitamin B5 [ ] F) folic acid
7) vitamin B6 [ ] G)pantothenate
H)retinol

Answers : 1.B 2.C 3.A 4.H 5.D 6.G 7.E

1)Oxygen(O) [ ] A)1s²2s²2p⁶3s1
2)Neon (Ne) [ ] B)1s²2s²2p4
3)Sodium(Na) [ ] C)1s²2s²2p⁶
4)Calcium(Ca) [ ] D)1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²

Answers : 1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D

 1) Chemical change [ ] A)Change in State, such of ice melting into water
2) Physical change [ ] B) Substance undergoing a transformation in its
composition

3) Reactant [ ] C)Substance Present at the Start of a chemical

reaction

4) Product [ ] D)Resulting substance formed after a chemical

reaction

Answers : 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.D

1.Economy of a nation [ ] A) Used in production

2.Chemical industry [ ] B) Chemistry

3.AZT drug helps for [ ] C) Chemical science
4.Food & drugs belongs [ ] D) AIDS
5.Isolation of lifesaving drugs from [ ] E) Natural sources

Ans :- B, A, D, C, E

DOMAIN : EVALUATING

1.The scope of chemistry is limited to the study of substances on earth (T/F)

2.In organic chemistry refers to the chemistry of carbon compounds (T/F)

3. Substance are either elements or mixtures (T/F)

4. Monosaccharides are the simplest form of bimolecular carbohydrates. (T/F)
5. Oligosaccharide are composed of multiple monosaccharide units linked together (T/F)
6. The primary structure of a protein is determined by the eloquence of nucleotides in its DNA (T/F)
Unsaturated fats tend to be healthier for the heart compared to saturated fats.(T/F)
7. The Electronic configuration Represents a Nobel gas Configuration (T/F)
8.During a chemical change the total mass of the substances involve dreaming constant .
(T/F)
9. Is principle of chemistry applicable for operation of a Computer
(T/F)
10. In chemical Industries Manufactured foods and drugs
(T/F)

Answers :1.False 2.False 3.False 4.True 5.False 6.False 7.True 8.True 9.True 10.True
11.True

UNIT - IV
 Multiple-Choice Questions:
1. If d²x/dt² - f/m = 0, the correct option is: (Understanding)
a) Second-order differential linear equation
b) Newton’s second law
c) Linear equation
d) a and b Ans. B

2. (e^iθ)^n =: (Applying)
a) (cos – I sin θ)^n
b) Cos θ + I sin θ
c) Cos(nθ) + I sin(nθ)
d) N(cos θ + I sin θ) Ans. C

3. Suppose a thermodynamic system is defined by internal energy U(P, T) when P and T are independent. Find:
(Applying)
a) (∂U/∂P) • dP + (∂U/∂T) • dT
b) (∂U/∂T) • dT + (∂U/∂P) • dP
c) (∂U/∂P) • dT – (∂U/∂T) • dP
d) (∂U/∂P) • dP – (∂U/∂T) • dT Ans. A
4. If z = e^iθ, dz =: (Understanding)
a) dθ e^iθ
b) -dθ e^iθ
c) -idθ e^iθ
d) idθ e^iθ Ans. d
5. The complex conjugate of a complex number Z = a + ib is: (Remembering)
a) a² + b²
b) a² - b²
c) a – ib
d) √(a² + b²) Ans. c
6. If x² + y² = 1, find the tangent at (2,3): (Applying)
a) 0
b) -2/3
c) ¾
d) 1 Ans. b
7. Sinh(z) =: (Remembering)
a) (e^z + e^-z)/2
b) (e^z – e^-z)/2
c) (e^z + e^-z)/2i
d) (e^z – e^-z)/2i Ans. b

8. Cosh(iz) =: (Remembering)
a) Cosh(z)
b) icosh(z)
c) Cos(z)
d) Sinh(z) Ans. c
9. A thermodynamical system is defined by a function entropy (S), and if this state function reaches maximum,
identify the state of the system: (Understanding)
a) Equilibrium
b) Non-equilibrium
c) Phase change
d) Isothermal Ans. a
10. The motion of particles and systems under the influence of force is under:
(Remembering)
a) Classical mechanics
b) Electromagnetism
c) Fluid dynamics
d) Quantum mechanics Ans. a
11. Physics used to study the electronic and optical properties of semiconductor material such as:
(Understanding)
a) Fe, Cu
b) Fe, Zn
c) Ni, Zn
d) Si, Ge Ans. d
12. Diodes are semiconductor devices that allow the flow of current in: (Applying)
a) Two directions
b) One direction
c) All directions
d) None of the above Ans. b
13. A quantum tunneling mechanical phenomenon is explained in: (Remembering)
a) P-N junction diode
b) Zener diode
c) Varactor diode
d) Tunnel diode Ans. d
14. In medicinal robotics, physics plays a role in: (Remembering)
a) Robotic operating system and programming
b) Robotic surgical systems and assistive devices
c) Robotic games
d) Robotics medicine making Ans. b
15. The full form of NVH in automotive industries is: (Understanding)
a) Noise, Vibration, and Harshness
b) Noise, Visual, and Hardness
c) Noise, Video, and Hardness
d) Noise, Vehicle, and Harshness Ans. a

16. Calibration of accuracy is considered in: (Understanding)

a) Physics in aerospace department
b) Physics in quality control
c) Physics in environmental monitoring
d) Physics in instrumentation Ans. d
17. Energy storage and efficiency for sustainable mode: (Understanding)
a) Physics in sustainable technology
b) Physics in instrumentation
c) Physics in quality control
d) Physics in aerospace industry Ans. a
18. Understanding electronic principles of digital circuit design for suitable measurements in:
(Understanding)
a) Physics in instrumentation
b) Physics in sustainable technology
c) Physics in the environment
d) Quality control Ans. a
19. Lightweight composites for transportation and high-efficiency material for:
(Remembering)

a) Chemical cell
b) Fuel cell
c) Dry cell
d) Solar cell Ans. d

20. The value of π (Applying)

a)3.14
b)3.3
c)3.6

d)0.6 Ans. a

21. Is an instrumental design new chemical product synthesizing under the______

(Understanding)
a) Catalysis and reactions
b)process development
c)Analytical Chemistry

d) product design and synthesis Ans. d

22. The full form of API in pharmaceuticals (Applying)

a) Active pharmaceutical ingredients

b) Analog pharma integrity

c)Access pharma industry
a) d)Active pharma industry Ans. a

23. Potential drug design where drugs are designed based on which structure of the drug target :
(Applying)

a)1D
b)2D
c)3D

d)None of the above Ans. c

24. Chemicals added to food for (Understanding)

a) preservation
b)Nutrition
c)Flavours

d) all Ans. d

25. Chemical formula for Sodium benzoate is (Understanding)

a)C6H5CONa
b)C6H5COONa
c)(C5H5)ONa

d)C6H6 Ans. b

26. The pH level of beverages greatly influences it (Understanding)

a) Taste
b)Stability
c)Life

d)all Ans. d

27. The carbonation process involves dissolving of (Understanding)

a)CO
b)CO2
c)CH4
d)O2 Ans. b

28. Saccharin is also called a (Applying)

a)fructose
b)sucrose
c) Ortho sulpho benzimide
d) para sulpho benzamide Ans. c

29. Which of the widely used aritificial sweetener (Understanding)

a)Aspartame
b) Cane sugar
c) sucrose
d)Fructose Ans. a

30. The full form of HTS for drug and pharmaceutical (Understanding)

a) High throughput screening

b) High trapped screening
c) High throughput space
d) Hyper therapy screening Ans. a

Fill-in-the-Blanks

31. The exponential power of iπ/2= 1 (Creatinng)

32 .If Z = 2xy + x³; then find ∂f/∂x = 2y+3x2 (Creating)
33. If Z = 2 + 3i , find |Z| = 131/2 (Creating)
34. If Z = u + iv, in a complex function, then z̅ = u’+iv’ (Creating)
35. If a continuous function of a system attains a minimum at one point, at that point is
2nd derivative of function is positive (Creating)
36. The full form of LIDAR is Light Detection and Ranging (Creating)
37. Light-emitting diodes and lasers are Optical Devices. (Creating)
38. Material analysis and characterization is under physics in Quality Control. (Creating)
39. The applications of physics principles to study the earth's subsurface and seismic surveys fall under
__________(Geophysics). (Creating)
40. Quantum computing is mostly understood by ____________ (Nano Technology) (Creating)

41 .The properties of metals are studied in _________(Metallurgy).

(Creating)

42. Nuclear isotopes fall under the topic of ________(Nuclear Chemistry)

(Creating)
43. The first popular artificial sweetening agent, discovered in the ______Year(1879)
(Creating)
44. Saccharin is __________ times as sweet as cane sugar (300 to 500 times) (Creating)
45. Advanced technology in water treatment and purification includes __________
(Reverse Osmosis) (Creating)

Very Short Answer Questions

46 .Write the condition for a continuous function? (Analyzing)

Ans: Maxima at the given point
47. Write the equation of the state of a harmonic oscillator along the x-axis in terms of
displacement and angular speed : (Analyzing)
Ans: .
48. Write the significance of the complex number ? (Analyzing)
Ans: , 𝐝 𝟐𝐱/ 𝐝𝐭 𝟐 + 𝛚𝟐𝒙 = 0
49. If |Z+3|=2, identify the nature of the equation: (Analyzing)
Ans: 131/2
50. Write any use of physics in electricity. (Analyzing)
Ans: Semiconductors any related
51. Write any applications of physics in robotics. (Analyzing)
Ans: sensors,perception

52.What type of elements are used as semiconductor devices? (Analyzing)

Ans: silicon ,germanium

53. What is the purpose of vibrational analysis in quality control? (Analyzing)

Ans: Detect potential fault and defects
54. What is the idea of green building design? (Analyzing)
Ans: Enhance energy efficiency
55 .How the chemicals in food improve nutritional supplements? (Analyzing)
Ans: It improves mineral vitamins
56. What type of analytical techniques are used for quality control in chemistry?
(Analyzing)
Ans: Chromatography,Spectroscopy
57. Write the purpose of green chemistry. (Analyzing)
Ans: Reduce wastage minimize the hazardous chemicals
58. How does chemistry in beverages develop preservation? (Analyzing)
Ans: Growth of Micro Organism and oxidation
59. Give examples of artificial sweetening agents. (Analyzing)
Ans: Saccharin and Aspartame
60. Solve sin i value in mathematics. (Analyzing)
Ans: (e -1)-e/2i

Match-the-Following Answers: c-a-e-d-b

a) ∇²Φ = 0
b) ∇²Φ = c (constant) (Evaluating)
61.Laplace’s Equation (Evaluating)

c) ∇²Φ = – k²Φ
62.Poisson’s Equation

d) ∇²Φ = 1/d² .∂Φ/∂t (Evaluating)

63.Helmholtz Equation (Evaluating)

e) ∇²Φ = 1/v² . ∂²Φ/∂t² (Evaluating)

64.Diffusion Equation
65.Wave Equation

Answers: c-d-a-e-b

66.Semiconductor a)Diode – transistor (Evaluating)

67.Robotics b)Sensor and perception (Evaluating)
68.Sustainability c) Renewable energy (Evaluating)
69.Aerospace d) Propulsion systems (Evaluating)
70.Quality Control e)Non destructive testing (Evaluating)

Answers: c-d-a-e-b

71.Chemical Manufacturing a) Safety and hard assessment (Evaluating)

72.Pharmaceuticals b) Formulation development (Evaluating)
73.Chemicals in Food c) Flavors and sweeteners (Evaluating)
74.Beverages Industry d) Carbonation (Evaluating)
75.Surfactants and Detergents e) Cleaning and personal care products (Evaluating)
True or False

76. y=ax+c is a linear equation and a first-order equation. (T) (Evaluating)

True/False
77. is a transcendental equation. y=bex +c (T) (Evaluating)
True/False
78.y=ax2+bxis linear and second-order. (F) (Evaluating)
True/False
79. dy/dx refers to the gradient or tangent. (T) (Evaluating)
True/False
80. If is a polynomial of order n , then it has roots n-1. (F) (Evaluating)
True/False
81. Satellite communication systems are applicable for physics in quality control. (F)
(Evaluating)
True/False
82.Noise, vibration, and harshness issues in vehicles are applications of physics in
automotive industries. (T) (Evaluating)
True/False
83.Solar photovoltaic cells convert sunlight into electricity, which is an example of non-
renewable energy. (F) (Evaluating)
True/False
84. Calibration involves establishing a relationship between instrument output and the true
value of the measured quantity. (T) (Evaluating)
True/False
85.Nanotechnology and material science lead to the development of advanced materials
with heavy-weight composites. (F) (Evaluating)
True/False
86.In food preservation, chemicals are added to food for toxication. (F) (Evaluating)
True/False
87.The control of sweetness in food is easy while using all time. (F) (Evaluating)
True/False
88. Biomedical applications of chemistry include tissue engineering, drug delivery, and
medical implants. (T) (Evaluating)
True/False

89. Chemistry plays a non-central and dispensable role in drug discovery. (F) (Evaluating)
True/False

90. Material Science is an inter disciplinary field that explores the structure and properties of materials.
(T) (EvaluatinG) True/False

ESSENTIALS OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

Remembering

MCQs:

1. What was the first commercial computer?

A) UNIVAC 1

B) ENIAC

C) EDVAC

D) IBM 701

Answer: A) UNIVAC 1

2. Which protocol is used for transferring web pages?

A) HTTP

B) FTP

C) SMTP

D) DNS

Answer: A) HTTP

3.. What is the primary function of an ISP?

a) To provide web hosting services

b) To offer email services

c) To connect users to the internet

d) To develop web applications

Answer: c) To connect users to the internet

Fill-in-the-blanks:

4. The first web page was launched in _________ (Answer: 1991)

5. ISP stands for _________ (Answer: Internet Service Provider)

True or False:

1. The internet was initially developed for military purposes. (True)

Understanding

MCQs:

6. What type of network connects devices within a limited geographical area?

a) WAN

b) LAN

c) MAN

d) WLAN

Answer: b) LAN

7. What is the primary function of an ISP?

A) To provide web hosting services

B) To provide access to the internet

C) To block unwanted websites

D) To provide email services

Answer: B) To provide access to the internet

8. What is the difference between the internet and the World Wide Web?

A) The internet is a network, the WWW is a service

B) The internet is a service, the WWW is a network

C) The internet is for email, the WWW is for web pages

D) The internet is for web pages, the WWW is for email

Answer: A) The internet is a network, the WWW is a service

Fill-in-the-blanks:

9. The _________ layer provides logical addressing in the TCP/IP model (Answer: Network)

10. HTTP stands for _________ (Answer: Hypertext Transfer Protocol)

True or False:

11. The World Wide Web (WWW) is the same as the internet. (False)

Evaluation

MCQs:

12. What is the impact of the internet on modern communication?

A) Positive

B) Negative

C) Neutral

D) Depends on usage

Answer: A) Positive

13. What is the primary security risk associated with using the internet?

A) Data breaches

B) Malware attacks

C) Phishing scams

D) All of the above

Answer: D) All of the above

Fill-in-the-blanks:

14. The evolution of the internet has led to a significant increase in _________ (Answer: online commerce)

15. _________ is a critical aspect of internet security (Answer: encryption)

True or False:

16. Regularly updating your operating system ensures internet security. (True)

Applying

MCQs:

17. How do you access the internet?

A) Through an ISP

B) Through a web browser

C) Through an operating system

D) Through a network

Answer: A) Through an ISP

18. What is the purpose of a web browser?

A) To provide access to the internet

B) To provide email services

C) To access web pages

D) To block unwanted websites

Answer: C) To access web pages

19. A website is experiencing slow load times. What would you do to improve performance?

a) Increase server RAM

b) Optimize database queries

c) Minify CSS and JavaScript files

d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

20. A small business wants to choose an ISP. What factor should they prioritize?

a) Cost

b) Speed

c) Reliability

d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

21. How can an ISP improve network security?

a) Implementing firewalls

b) Conducting regular audits

c) Training employees

d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

22. A website owner wants to secure their website. What should they do?

a) Implement HTTPS
b) Use strong passwords

c) Regularly update software

d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

23. How can a web developer improve website accessibility?

a) Using semantic HTML

b) Providing alternative text for images

c) Ensuring keyboard navigation

d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

Fill-in-the-blanks: (Rembering and Applying);

24. To access a website, you need to enter its _________ (Answer: URL)

25. _________ is used to transfer web pages (Answer: HTTP)

26. The first message sent over the internet was _________.

Answer: "LO" (intended to be "LOGIN")

27. The _________ Act of 1996 deregulated the telecommunications industry.

Answer: Telecommunications

28. The process of connecting multiple networks together is called _________.

Answer: internetworking

29. ISPs use _________ to manage internet traffic.

Answer: network routing protocols

30. To ensure reliable internet connectivity, ISPs should implement _________.

Answer: redundancy and backup systems

31. The _________ protocol is used for routing traffic across the internet.

Answer: Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)

32. The process of dividing a network into smaller subnets is called _________.

Answer: sub netting

33. The _________ protocol is used for web page retrieval.

Answer: Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

34. The _________ is the address of a web page.

Answer: Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

35. _________ is used to define web page structure.

Answer: Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)

True or False:

36.. Using antivirus software ensures internet security. (True)

Remembering

MCQs:

37. What does WWW stand for?

A) World Wide Web

B) Wide Web World

C) Web Wide World

D) World Wide Network

Answer: A) World Wide Web

38. What is the purpose of a URL?

A) To identify a website's name

B) To identify a website's location

C) To identify a website's owner

D) To identify a website's content

Answer: B) To identify a website's location

Fill-in-the-blanks:
39. The _________ is the address of a website (Answer: URL)

40. WWW was invented by _________ (Answer: Tim Berners-Lee)

True or False:

41. URL stands for Universal Resource Locator. (True)

Understanding

42. What are the three main components of a URL?

A) Protocol, domain name, and path

B) Protocol, domain name, and query

C) Domain name, path, and query

D) Protocol, path, and query

Answer: A) Protocol, domain name, and path

43. How do search engines rank websites?

A) By website age

B) By website popularity

C) By relevance to search query

D) By website design

Answer: C) By relevance to search query

Fill-in-the-blanks:

44. The protocol component of a URL specifies the _________ (Answer: communication protocol)

True or False:

46. Search engines index every website on the internet. (False)

Evaluation

47. What is the importance of using relevant keywords in a URL?

A) Improves website security

B) Increases website visibility

C) Enhances user experience

D) Reduces website load time

Answer: B) Increases website visibility

48. What is the purpose of search engine optimization (SEO)?

A) To increase website security

B) To increase website visibility

C) To enhance user experience

D) To reduce website load time

Answer: B) To increase website visibility

True or False:

49. Search engines prioritize paid advertisements over organic results. (False)

Applying

Fill-in-the-blanks:

50. To create a URL, you need to specify the _________ (Answer: protocol)

True or False:

51. URLs are case-sensitive. (True)

(Understanding and applying):

Matching Exercise 1:

52. Kilobyte (KB) ( ) A) 1,024 bytes

53. Megabyte (MB) ( ) B) 1,024 kilobytes

54. Gigabyte (GB) ( ) C) 1,024 megabytes

55. Terabyte (TB) ( ) D) 1,024 gigabytes

56. Byte (B) ( ) E) 8 bits

Answers:

52. Kilobyte (KB) - A) 1,024 bytes

53. Megabyte (MB) - B) 1,024 kilobytes

54. Gigabyte (GB) - C) 1,024 megabytes

55. Terabyte (TB) - D) 1,024 gigabytes

56. Byte (B) - E) 8 bits

Matching Exercise 2: Memory Types

57. RAM (Random Access Memory) ( ) A) Temporary storage for data and programs

58. ROM (Read-Only Memory) ( ) B) Permanent storage for firmware

59. Cache Memory ( ) C) Fast memory for frequently accessed data

60. Virtual Memory ( ) D) Combination of RAM and disk space

61. External Memory ( ) E) Storage outside the computer's main memory

Answers:

57. RAM (Random Access Memory) - A) Temporary storage for data and programs

58. ROM (Read-Only Memory) - B) Permanent storage for firmware

59. Cache Memory - C) Fast memory for frequently accessed data

60. Virtual Memory - D) Combination of RAM and disk space

61. External Memory - E) Storage outside the computer's main memory

Matching Exercise 3:

62. Volatile Memory ( ) A) Loses data when power is off

63. Non-Volatile Memory ( ) B) Retains data when power is off

64. Memory Leak ( ) C) Unintended memory allocation

65. Memory Fragmentation ( ) D) Memory space broken into small pieces

66. Buffer Overflow ( ) E) Exceeding allocated memory space

Answers:

62. Volatile Memory - A) Loses data when power is off

63. Non-Volatile Memory - B) Retains data when power is off

64. Memory Leak - C) Unintended memory allocation

65. Memory Fragmentation - D) Memory space broken into small pieces

66. Buffer Overflow - E) Exceeding allocated memory space

Match the network type with its description:

Network Types Descriptions

67. LAN A) Global network of interconnected computers

68. WAN B) Connects devices within a limited geographical area

69. MAN C) Connects multiple LANs within a metropolitan area

70. WLAN D) Wireless network connecting devices

71. VPN E) Secure, encrypted connection over the internet

72. Internet F) Wide-area network spanning cities or regions

73. Intranet G) Private network within an organization

74. Extranet H) Secure, external network for partners or customers

Answers:

67. LAN - B) Connects devices within a limited geographical area

68. WAN - F) Wide-area network spanning cities or regions

69. MAN - C) Connects multiple LANs within a metropolitan area

70. WLAN - D) Wireless network connecting devices

71. VPN - E) Secure, encrypted connection over the internet

72. Internet - A) Global network of interconnected computers

73. Intranet - G) Private network within an organization

74. Extranet - H) Secure, external network for partners or customers

Remembering

75. Q: Who invented the World Wide Web?

A: Tim Berners-Lee.
76. Q: What does ISP stand for?

A: Internet Service Provider.

77. Q: What is the first commercial computer?

A: UNIVAC 1.

78. Q: What does URL stand for?

A: Uniform Resource Locator.

79. Q: What is a popular search engine?

A: Google.

80. Q: What was the first electronic computer?

A: ENIAC.

81. Q: What protocol does the internet primarily use?

A: TCP/IP.

82. Q: What protocols are used for web pages?

A: HTTP and HTTPS.

Understanding

83. Q: What is the primary function of the internet?

A: To connect computers globally.

84. Q: What do ISPs provide?

A: Access to the internet.

85. Q: What enables information sharing on the web?

A: The World Wide Web.

86. Q: What identifies a website's location?

A: URL.

87. Q: What indexes web pages for retrieval?

A: Search engines.
88. Q: What comprises internet architecture?

A: Clients, servers, and networks.

89. Q: What do ISPs manage?

A: Internet bandwidth allocation.

90. Q: What structures web pages?

A: HTML.

91. Q: What are URL components?

A: Protocol, domain, path, and query.

92. Q: What analyzes links for ranking?

A: Search engines.

Evaluation

93. Q: How has the internet impacted modern communication?

A: Revolutionized it.

94. Q: What role do ISPs play?

A: Crucial in internet accessibility.

95. Q: Why are URLs important?

A: Ensure website uniqueness.

96. Q: What prioritizes search engine results?

A: Relevance.

97. Q: What is the internet's societal impact?

A: Multifaceted.

98. Q: What ensures web page accessibility?

A: WWW standards.

99. Q: Why update search algorithms?

A: Improve relevance.
Applying

100. Q: How do you access a website?

A: Enter its URL in a web browser.

101. Q: What ensures website compatibility?

A: WWW standards.

102. Q: What ranks search engine results?

A: Algorithms.

103. Q: How do you configure network settings?

A: For internet connectivity.

104. Q: How do you optimize website loading?

A: Speed.

105. Q: What rewrites URLs?

A: SEO.(Search engine optimization)