2
1 Substance M is a solid at 30 C.
The substance is heated to 80 C and its temperature measured as it cools down to room
temperature.
The cooling curve is shown.
80 P
temperature / qC
60
R
40 Q
20 S T
0
0
time
Between which times is substance M freezing?
A P to Q B Q to R C R to S D S to T
2 Which gas has the fastest rate of diffusion?
A Ar B C2H6 C HCl D H2S
3 There are two stable isotopes of bromine.
The mass number of isotope 1 is 79.
The mass number of isotope 2 is 81.
Which statement is correct?
A The isotopes have the same number of neutrons.
B The isotopes have different chemical properties.
C The isotopes have different numbers of protons.
D The isotopes have the same number of outer electrons.
4 Which statement about ions and ionic bonds is correct?
A Bromine atoms form negatively charged bromide ions.
B Ionic bonds form between elements in Group VII of the Periodic Table.
C Positive ions are formed when atoms lose protons.
D Potassium iodide contains negatively charged potassium ions.
3
5 Part of the Periodic Table is shown.
F G
Which type of chemical bonding is present in the oxide of F and in the oxide of G?
oxide of F oxide of G
A covalent covalent
B covalent ionic
C ionic covalent
D ionic ionic
6 Elements X and Y react to form a compound.
Element X loses two electrons and element Y gains one electron.
What is the charge on the ions of elements X and Y and what is the formula of the compound?
formula of
charge on X charge on Y
compound
A 2+ – X2Y
B 2+ – XY2
C 2– + X2Y
D 2– + XY2
7 Which statement about graphite explains why it is used as an electrode?
A It contains ions.
B It has a giant covalent structure.
C It is a metal.
D It has mobile electrons.
4
8 Methane, CH4, burns in air to form carbon dioxide and water.
What is the balanced equation for this reaction?
A CH4(g) + O2(g) CO2(g) + 2H2O(g)
B CH4(g) + 2O2(g) CO2(g) + 2H2O(g)
C CH4(g) + 2O2(g) CO2(g) + H2O(g)
D CH4(g) + 3O2(g) CO2(g) + 2H2O(g)
9 The equation for the thermal decomposition of sodium hydrogencarbonate is shown.
2NaHCO3 Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2
The Mr of sodium hydrogencarbonate, NaHCO3, is 84.
The Mr of sodium carbonate, Na2CO3, is 106.
In an experiment, 2.1 g of sodium hydrogencarbonate is heated but not all of it decomposes. All of
the carbon dioxide is collected and measured at room temperature and pressure. The total
volume of carbon dioxide produced is 0.21 dm3.
The volume of 1 mole of a gas at room temperature and pressure is 24 dm3.
Which statement is correct?
A The mass of sodium carbonate produced is 0.93 g.
B The mass of sodium carbonate produced is 1.33 g.
C The percentage yield of carbon dioxide is 10%.
D The percentage yield of carbon dioxide is 35%.
10 Which pair of compounds shows a transition element in two different oxidation states? .
A Cr2O3 and Cr2(SO4)3
B Cu2O and CuCO3
C ZnS and ZnSO4
D NiO and Ni(NO3)2
5
11 Concentrated aqueous copper(II) sulfate is electrolysed using copper electrodes.
Which ionic half-equation describes the reaction taking place at the cathode?
A 2H+ + 2e– H2
B 4OH– O2 + 2H2O + 4e–
C Cu Cu2+ + 2e–
D Cu2+ + 2e– Cu
12 When powdered sodium carbonate and aqueous ethanoic acid are mixed, the temperature of the
mixture falls.
Which statement about this reaction is correct?
A The reaction is endothermic and ∆H is negative.
B The reaction is endothermic and ∆H is positive.
C The reaction is exothermic and H is negative.
D The reaction is exothermic and ∆H is positive.
13 Magnesium powder reacts with an excess of dilute hydrochloric acid to produce hydrogen gas.
Which statements about this reaction are correct?
1 The smaller the particles of magnesium powder, the more slowly the hydrogen is
produced.
2 The higher the temperature, the faster the magnesium powder disappears.
3 The lower the concentration of dilute hydrochloric acid, the faster the rate of
reaction.
4 The faster the magnesium powder disappears, the faster the rate of reaction.
A 1 and 2 B 2 and 3 C 2 and 4 D 3 and 4
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14 The reaction between two aqueous compounds, X and Y, is slow and exothermic.
The graph shows how the rate of this reaction changes with time.
rate
0
0
time
A student suggests that the rate of reaction decreases with time because:
1 the activation energy decreases
2 the speed of the molecules of X and Y decreases
3 the concentration of both X and Y decreases with time.
Which suggestions are correct?
A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 only D 3 only
15 Hydrogen reacts with iodine to form hydrogen iodide.
H2(g) + I2(g) 2HI(g)
Which statements explain why the reaction is faster when the pressure is increased, at constant
temperature?
1 At higher pressure, the molecules are moving faster.
2 At higher pressure, more of the molecules have the required activation energy.
3 At higher pressure, the molecules are closer together.
4 At higher pressure, the molecules collide more frequently.
A 1 and 2 B 1 and 3 C 2 and 4 D 3 and 4
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16 Ammonium sulfate is used as a fertiliser.
It is made from ammonia and sulfuric acid.
The ......1...... is made by the ......2...... process in which ......3...... is used as a catalyst.
Which words complete gaps 1, 2 and 3?
1 2 3
A ammonia Contact iron
B ammonia Haber vanadium(V) oxide
C sulfuric acid Contact vanadium(V) oxide
D sulfuric acid Haber iron
17 The reversible reaction shown takes place in a closed system at constant temperature.
P(g) + Q(g) + R(g) S(g) + T(g)
When the reaction has reached equilibrium, more T is added.
After the addition of T, which other substances increase in concentration?
A P, Q, R and S
B P and Q only
C P, Q and R only
D S only
18 In which equation is the underlined substance acting as a reducing agent?
A 3CO + Fe2O3 2Fe + 3CO2
B CO2 + C 2CO
C CuO + H2 Cu + H2O
D CaO + H2O Ca(OH)2
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19 An aqueous solution reacts with a solid. The products are an alkaline gas, a salt and water.
What are the aqueous solution and the solid?
aqueous solution solid
A sodium hydroxide magnesium carbonate
B hydrochloric acid magnesium carbonate
C hydrochloric acid ammonium chloride
D sodium hydroxide ammonium chloride
20 Butanoic acid partially dissociates in aqueous solution.
Which row about butanoic acid is correct?
effect on
pH
thymolphthalein
A 3 turns blue
B 5 turns colourless
C 8 turns blue
D 10 turns colourless
21 Copper(II) sulfate is prepared by adding excess copper(II) carbonate to sulfuric acid.
Why is an excess of copper(II) carbonate added?
A to ensure all the copper(II) carbonate has reacted
B to ensure all the sulfuric acid has reacted
C to increase the rate of reaction
D to increase the amount of copper(II) sulfate produced
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22 Sulfuric acid is produced by the Contact process. The steps of the Contact process are shown.
starting step 1 sulfur step 2 sulfur step 3 oleum
step 4 sulfuric
material dioxide trioxide acid
(a) Sulfur is a common starting material for the Contact process.
Name a source of sulfur.
.............................................................................................................................................. [1]
(b) Describe step 2, giving reaction conditions and a chemical equation. Reference to reaction
rate and yield is not required.
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................. [5]
(c) Step 3 involves adding sulfur trioxide to concentrated sulfuric acid to form oleum.
Complete the chemical equation for this reaction.
H2SO4 + SO3 → ................................
[1]
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(d) Dilute sulfuric acid is a typical acid.
A student adds excess dilute sulfuric acid to a sample of solid copper(II) carbonate in a
test-tube.
(i) Give three observations the student would make.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [2]
(ii) Give the names of all products formed.
.............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(e) Concentrated sulfuric acid has different properties to dilute sulfuric acid.
When concentrated sulfuric acid is added to glucose, C6H12O6, steam is given off and a black
solid is formed.
(i) Name the black solid.
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) What type of reaction has occurred?
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
[Total: 12]
