12/12/23, 12:36 PM Learn Kotlin: Conditional Expressions Cheatsheet | Codecademy
Cheatsheets / Learn Kotlin
Conditional Expressions
If Expressions
An if expression is a conditional that runs a block of var morning = true
code when its condition has a true value.
if (morning) {
println("Rise and shine!")
}
// Prints: Rise and shine!
Else Expressions
An else expression is a conditional that runs a block of var rained = false
code only when the conditions contained in the previous
expressions have false values.
if (rained) {
println("No need to water the plants
today.")
} else {
println("Plants need to be watered!")
}
// Prints: Plants need to be watered!
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Else-If Expressions
An else - if expression allows for more conditions to be var age = 65
evaluated within an if / else expression.
You can use multiple else - if expressions as long as
they appear after the if expression and before the if (age < 18 ) {
else expression. println("You are considered a minor.")
} else if (age < 60) {
println("You are considered an adult.")
} else {
println("You are considered a senior.")
}
// Prints: You are considered a senior.
Comparison Operators
Comparison operators are symbols that are used to var myAge = 19
compare two values in order to return a result of true or
var sisterAge = 11
false . Comparison operators include > , < , >= , <= .
var cousinAge = 11
myAge > sisterAge // true
myAge < cousinAge // false
myAge >= cousinAge // true
myAge <= sisterAge // false
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Logical Operators
Logical operators are symbols used to evaluate the var humid = true
relationship between two or more Boolean expressions in
var raining = true
order to return a true or false value.
Logical operators include ! , && , and || . var jacket = false
println(!humid)
// Prints: false
println(jacket && raining)
// Prints: true
println(humid || raining)
// Prints: true
The AND Operator: &&
The logical AND operator ( && ) is used to compare the var humid = true
relationship between two Boolean expressions and will
var raining = true
only return a true value if both expressions are true .
var shorts = false
var sunny = false
// true AND true
println(humid && raining) // true
// true AND false
println(humid && shorts) // false
// false AND true
println(sunny && raining) // false
// false AND false
println(shorts && sunny) // false
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The OR Operator : ||
The logical OR operator ( || ) is used to compare the var late = true
relationship between two Boolean expressions and will
var skipBreakfast = true
return true when at least one of the expressions are
true . var underslept = false
var checkEmails = false
// true OR true
println(skipBreakfast || late) // true
// true OR false
println(late || checkEmails) // true
// false OR true
println(underslept || late) // true
// false OR false
println(checkEmails || underslept) //
false
The NOT Operator: !
The logical NOT operator ( ! ) evaluates the value of a var hungry = true
Boolean expression and then returns its negated value.
var full = false
println(!hungry) // false
println(!full) // true
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Order of Evaluation
The order of evaluation when using multiple logical !true && (false || true) // false
operators in a single Boolean expression is:
/*
1. Expressions placed in parentheses.
2. NOT(!) operator. (false || true) is evaluated first
3. AND(&&) operator. returning true. Then,
4. OR(||) operator.
!true && true is evaluated returning the
final result, false.
*/
!false && true || false // true
/*
!false is evaluated first returning true.
Then true && true are evaluated, returning
true. Then, true || false is evaluated
which ends up returning true.
*/
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Nested Conditionals
A nested conditional is a conditional that exists within var studied = true
another conditional.
var wellRested = true
if (wellRested) {
println("Best of luck today!")
if (studied) {
println("You should be prepared for
your exam!")
} else {
println("Take a few hours to study
before your exam!")
}
}
// Prints: Best of luck today!
// Prints: You should be prepared for your
exam!
When Expressions
A when expression controls the flow of code by var grade = "A"
evaluating the value of a variable in order to determine
what code gets executed.
when(grade) {
"A" -> println("Excellent job!")
"B" -> println("Very well done!")
"C" -> println("You passed!")
else -> println("Close! Make sure to
perpare more next time!")
}
// Prints: Excellent job!
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The Range Operator
The range operator ( .. ) is used to create a succession of var height = 46 // inches
number or character values.
if (height in 1..53) {
println("Sorry, you must be at least 54
inches to ride the rollercoaster.")
}
// Prints: Sorry, you must be at least 54
inches to ride the rollercoaster.
Equality Operators
Equality operators are symbols that are used to compare var myAge = 22
the equivalence of two values in order to return true or
var sisterAge = 21
false . Equality operators include == and != .
myAge == sisterAge // false
myAge !== sisterAge // true
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