Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
REGION V
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF SORSOGON CITY

ACTIVITY SHEET IN SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING (STE)

Grade: 8 Week: 6 Quarter: 2

Name: _______________________________ Grade/Section: ______________

I. LEARNING SKILLS:
A. Most Essential Learning Competency:
1. Organize sources using appropriate bibliographic format.
B. Objectives:
1. Identify the bibliographic parts of a printed or online source;
2. Cite sources by arranging the given bibliographic informations;
3. Give importance of citing sources; and,
4. Write a bibliography using the APA Reference List Format.

II. Presentation of the Lesson:

If you were given an assignment or research by your teacher, where do

you usually refer to? Do you read books or visit the internet right away? In
doing so, do you pay attention to the information of the source like the author
or the title of the book you referred to?

When you do your research, you need to cite or list your sources.
Whenever you take specific facts, ideas, or quotations from a book,
magazine, newspaper, or other sources, you make sure to cite the source.

Here are some important reasons why you need to cite or list the sources:
 It gives credit to the authors.
 It provides you and the reader with more information about the
sources.
 It shows the writer’s credibility, referring to whether his/her sources are
reliable.
 It prevents plagiarism, an act of stealing someone else’s ideas and
presenting them as your own.

Look at the sample test inside the box. How many sources do you see?
One way of citing your sources is through listing them on a separate page of
your research paper. This page is what we call a bibliography.
What is Bibliography?

A bibliography is taken from the Greek word ‘biblion’ which means ‘book’
and ‘graphia’ which means ‘to write’. A bibliography contains an alphabetical
list of sources like books, periodicals, and websites used by the writer or
researcher.

A research paper should contain a bibliography written on a separate

page and should be located at the end of the paper. Each entry uses a
hanging indention, also known as a second line indention.

Collect this information for each printed source: Collect this information for each Web Site:
 author name  author and editor names (of available)
 title of the publication (and the title of the  title of the page (if available)
article if it’s a magazine or encyclopedia)  the company or organization who
 date of publication posted the webpage
 the place of publication of the book  the Web address for the page (called a
 the volume number of the magazine or URL)
printed encyclopedia  the last date you looked at the page
 the page number(s)

The bibliographic information for different types of resources is located in

different places, so you may need to do some detective work to get all of the
information for your bibliography. Try looking in these places:

 the title page of a book, encyclopedia or dictionary

 the heading of an article
 the front, second, or editorial page of the newspaper
 the contents page of a journal or magazine
 the header (at the top) of footer (at the bottom) of a Web Site
 the About or the Contact page of the Web Site

There are many styles or formats in citing or listing sources, depending on

the subject. The three main citation styles are the following:

The American Psychological Association (APA) Style which is used in

social and behavioral sciences.

The Modern Language Association (MLA) Style which is used for

writing papers on literature and related subjects like theater or film.

The Chicago Manual of Style (CMOS) which is often used in many

academic fields, especially in the humanities and social sciences.

We will follow the bibliography annotation standard specified in American

Psychological Association (APA) Style. Below are standard formats and
examples for basic bibliographic information recommended by the American
Psychological Association (APA).

BASICS

Your list of works cited should begin at the end of the paper on a new
page with the centered title, References. Alphabetize the entries in your list by
the author’s last name, using the letter-by-letter system (ignore spaces and
other punctuation). Only the initials of the first and middle names are given. If
the author’s name is unknown, alphabetize by the title, ignoring A, An or The.
 For dates, spell out the names of months in the text of your paper, but
abbreviate them in the list of month-day-year style (July 22, 1999) and be
consistent. With the month-day-year style, be sure to add comma after the
year unless another punctuation mark goes there.

UNDELINING OR ITALICS?

When reports were written on typewriters, the names of publications were

underlined because most typewriters had no way to print italics. If you write a
bibliography by hand, you should still underline the names of publications.
But, if you use a computer, then publication names should be in italics as they
are below. Always check with your instructor regarding their preferences of
using italics or underlining. Our examples use italics.

HANGING INDENTION

All APA citations should use hanging indents, that is, the first line of the
entry should be flush left, and the second and subsequent lines should be
indented ½”.

CAPITALIZATION, ABBREVIATION AND PUNCTUATION

The APA guidelines specify using sentence-style capitalization for the

titles of books or articles, so you should capitalize only the first word of a title
and subtitle. The exceptions to this rule would be periodical titles and proper
names in a title which should be capitalized. The periodical title is run in title
case, and is followed by the volume number which, with the title, is also
italicized.

If there is more than one author, use an ampersand (&) before the name
of the last author. If there are more than six authors, list only the first one and
use et al. for the rest.

Place the date of publication in parentheses immediately after the name of

the author. Place a period after the closing parenthesis. Do not italicize,
underline or put quotes around the titles or shorter works within longer works.

FORMAT EXAMPLES

Books

Format:
Author’s last name, first initial. (Publication date). Book Title. Additional
information. City of publication. Publishing company.

Examples:

Allen, T. (1974). Vanishing wildlife of North America. Washington, D.C.:

National Geographic Society.

Nicol, A.M. & Pexman, P.M. (1999). Presenting your finding: A practical
guide for creating tables. Washington, DC: American Psychological
Association.
Encyclopedia and Dictionary

Format:
Author’s last name, first initial. (Date). Title of Article. Title of Encyclopedia
(Volume, pages). City of Publication: Publishing company.

Examples:
Bergmann, P.G. (1993). Relativity. In The new encyclopedia britannica
(Vol. 26, pp. 501-508). Chicago: Encyclopedia Britannica.

Meriam-Webster’s collegiate dictionary (10th ed.). (1993). Springfield, MA:

Merriam Webster.

Magazine & Newspaper Articles

Format:
Author’s last name, first intial. (Publication date). Article title. Publication
title, volume number (issue number if available), inclusive pages.

Note: If a periodical includes a volume number, italicize it and then give the
page range (in regular type) without “pp.” If the periodical does not use
volume numbers, as in newspapers, use p. or pp. for page numbers.

Examples:
Harlow, H.F. (1983). Fundamentals for preparing psychology journal
articles. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 55, 893-
896.

Kalette, D. (1986, July 21). California town counts town to big quake. USA
Today, 9, p. A1.

Website or Webpage

Format:
Online periodical:
Author’s name. (Date of publication). Title of Article. Title of Periodical,
volume number, Retrieved month day, year, from full URL

Online document:
Author’s name. (Date of publication). Title of work. Retrieved month day,
year, from full URL

Note: When citing Internet sources, refer to the specific website document.
If a document is undated, use “n.d.” (for no date) immediately after the
document title. Break a lengthy URL that goes to another line after a slash
or before a period. Continually check your references to online documents.
There is no period following a URL.

Examples:

Devitt, T. (2001, August 2). Lightning injures four at music festival. The
Why? Files. Retrieved January 23, 2002, from
http://whyfiles.org/137lightning/index.html
 GVU's 8th WWW user survey. (n.d.). Retrieved August 8, 2000, from
http://www.cc.gatech.edu/gvu/usersurveys/survey1997-10/

Sample Bibliography: APA Reference List Format

References

Booth, S.A. (January 1999). High-Drain Alkaline AA-Batteries. Popular Electronics, 62, 58.

Dell, R. M., and Rand, D.A.J. (2001). Understanding batteries. Cambridge, UK: The Royal

Society of Chemistry.

Devitt, T. (2001, August 2). Lightning injures four at music festival. The Why?

Files. Retrieved from http://whyfiles.org/137lightning/index.html

Dove, R. (1998). Lady freedom among us. The University of Virginia Alderman Library

Electronic Text Center. Retrieved from http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/subjects/afam.html

Fredrickson, B. L. (2000, March 7). Cultivating positive emotions to optimize health and

well-being. Prevention & Treatment, 3, Article 0001a. Retrieved from

http://journals.apa.org/prevention/volume3/pre0030001a.html

III. PRACTICE TASKS:

 Practice Task 1:
Direction: Match Column A to Column B. Write your answer on the space
provided before the number.

COLUMN A COLUMN B

_E_1. (1998). a. Author’s last name, first initial

_C__2. Understanding batteries. b. Publication Title
_A_ 3. Dell, R.M., c. Title of article
_B_4. Journal of Comparative and d. City of publication
Physiological Psychology.
_J_5. from e. Date of publication
http://whyfiles.org/137lightning/index.html
_H_6. 62, f. Publication Company
_D_7. Cambridge, UK: g. page number
_G_8. 58. h. volume number
_F_9. The Royal Society of Chemistry. i. Title of Periodical
_I_10. The University of Virginia j. from full URL
Alderman Library Electronic Text Center.

Practice Task 2:
Direction: Arrange and write the following list of sources or references to form
a correct bibliography. Write your answer in the space provided.
1. Book
A Reader’s Guide to Science Fiction
1979
Facts on File, Inc.
New York
Brandon Searles

Searles, B. (1979). A Reader’s Guide to Science Fiction. New York: Facts on File, Inc.

2. Encyclopedia and Dictionary

1991
Falcon & Falconry
Romulo Tobias
World Book Encyclopedia
World Book
Chicago
pp. 150-155

Tobias, R. (1991). Falcon and Falconry. World Book Encyclopedia, pp. 150-155.
Chicago: World Book.

3. Magazine and Newspaper Articles

Carmel Trillin
New Yorker
Culture Shopping
Trillin, C. (February 15, 1993). Culture Shopping. New Yorker. Pp 48-51

4. Online Periodical
Lady Freedom Among Us
June 19, 1998
Robert Dove
The Electronic Text Center
http://etedxt.lib.virginia.edu/subjects/afam.html

Dove, R. (June 19, 1998). Lady Freedom Among Us. The Electronic Text Center.
Retrieved from http://etedxt.lib.virginia.edu/subjects/afam.html

5. Online Document

Paul Hilts

Arrange and write the

The Safety of Genetically Modified Food Crops
February 2002
March 22, 2005

following list of sources

http://www.hc-sc.sc.gc.ca/englich/protection/biologics_genetics/
gen_mod_foods/genmodebk.html

or references to form a
correct
bibliography. Write your
answer on a separate
sheet of paper.
Arrange and write the
following list of sources
or references to form a
correct
bibliography. Write your
answer on a separate
sheet of paper.
Arrange and write the
following list of sources
or references to form a
correct
bibliography. Write your
answer on a separate
sheet of paper.

Hilts, P. (February 2022). The Safety of genetically Modified Food Crops. Retrieved
March 22, 2005, from sc.sc.gc.ca/englich/protection/biologics_genetics/gen
_mod_ foods/genmodebk.html

IV. Evaluation

A. Why is it important to cite sources?

Citing sources gives credit to the authors, provides the reader with
more information about the sources, validates the credibility and reliability
of the sources, and prevents plagiarism.

B. Make a reference list following the APA Reference List Format using the
arranged list of sources or references from Practice Task 2. Write your
reference list/bibliography below.
 References

Searles, B. (1979). A Reader’s Guide to Science Fiction. New York: Facts on File, Inc.
Tobias, R. (1991). Falcon and Falconry. World Book Encyclopedia, pp. 150-155.
Chicago: World Book.

Trillin, C. (February 15, 1993). Culture Shopping. New Yorker. Pp 48-51

Dove, R. (June 19, 1998). Lady Freedom Among Us. The Electronic Text Center.
Retrieved from http://etedxt.lib.virginia.edu/subjects/afam.html

Hilts, P. (February 2022). The Safety of genetically Modified Food Crops. Retrieved
March 22, 2005, from sc.sc.gc.ca/englich/protection/biologics_genetics/gen
_mod_ foods/genmodebk.html

References:
 https://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/science-fair/writing-a-
bibliography-examples-of-apa-mla-styles#howtowriteabibliography
 https://www.studocu.com/ph/document/mindanao-state-university/bachelor-
of-secondary-education/english-8-q1-mod2-writing-bibliography-final-
07282020/15777902

Prepared by: LEAH ETHEL P. CALOLOT - Sorsogon National High School